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Status of the MINOS Experiment(Brookhaven Participation)

BNL DOE HEP program review 04/27/2005

Mary Bishai

[email protected]

Mary Bishai, BNL 1 – p.1/40

INTRODUCTION TO NuMI/MINOS

From the New York Times

Science, April 26, 2005:


NuMI/MINOS ConceptFar Detector

735 km

11.1 km

Fermilab Soudan

Near Detector0.98 kT 5.4 kT

Fermilab’s Main Injector, Illinois

120 GeV protons, 2.5 × 1013 pro-

tons/ 8 µsec pulse, 1.9 sec rep rate.

⇒ 0.25 MW

Soudan Underground Lab, Minnesota


MINOS Beam Spectrum

LE beam at 2.5 × 1020 POT/yr ⇒ expect 1600 events/yr in FD


MINOS νµ Disappearance

Plot ratio of yield at far

det. to expected from

near det.

Location and depth of dip

yield δm2 and sin2 2θ

Assume δm2 = 0.0025

eV2, sin2 2θ = 1.0

3 years at nominal intensity (top). Intensity upgrades (bot tom)

Determine δm2 to 10 % Rule out exotic oscillation models


MINOS νe Appearance SensitivityIn 2001, NuMI note 714 co-authored by BNL’s M. Diwan and B. Vire n

determined MINOS sensitivity to νe appearance.

Detection of νe at ∆m2atm

. Evidence for non-zero θ13


BNL MINOS Collaborators

BNL:

Milind Diwan: Group leader

Brett Viren: joined May, 2000

Mary Bishai: joined July, 2004

Mark Dierckxsens (Research Associate): joined March, 2004


BNL Contributions to MINOSNuMI Beamline commisioning, monitoring and data logging:

Muon and hadron monitor R&D using the ATF beam (B. Viren, M.

Diwan)

Leader, MINOS beamline data logging effort (B. Viren)

Online beam monitoring software (M. Bishai, B. Viren)

Leader, NuMI beamline performance monitoring (M. Bishai)

Incorporating beamline data into MINOS analysis framework (M.

Dierckxsens, B. Viren)

Maintaining a significant presence at FermiLab (all).

MINOS databases:

MINOS hardware database framework design. Overall database

management. (M. Dierckxsens)


BNL Contributions to MINOSMINOS data reconstruction:

Development/maintenance of various offline reconstructio n

packages including the event display (B. Viren)

Built BNL physics department co-operative computing clust er ⇒

significant MINOS reconstruction and analysis computing

capabilities locally at BNL (B. Viren).

MINOS data analysis:

νe analysis group co-leader (M. Diwan)

νe analysis software framework development (M. Dierckxsens)


STATUS OF MINOS


NuMI Beamline PerformancePlot from offline beam data logging by Brett Viren, BNL:

Date (2005)11/27 12/27 01/26 02/25 03/27 04/26

Date (2005)11/27 12/27 01/26 02/25 03/27 04/26

Proto

ns pe

r Spil

l (1E1

2)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

NuMI Protons

Total

Deli

vere

d Pro

tons (

1E17

)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Brett Viren, 2005/04/25

Wed March 23: target vacuum compromised. Cooling water in target enclosure.


MINOS Target StatusWater detected in target enclosure March 23rd.

Expect full intensity beam April 29/30

Target moved into workcell on April

8th. No sign of the leak was found vi-

sually and with pressure tests. Moved

vacuum port from upstream to down-

stream to assist in drainage. Target

back in beamline circa April 20th.


ND 1st Beam Neutrino Jan 21, ’05

Intensity was around

2.5 × 1012 pro-

tons/spill.

Target in the ME posi-

tion.

The official MINOS event display shown was developed by Brett Viren of BNL.


ND Lots and Lots of νs

At 2.5 × 1013 p/spill

Target is in ME position.

ND scintillator readout has

19ns resolution (same as

bunch length).

Timing information is used to

separate events.

Event display is a critical com-

ponent of MINOS reconstruc-

tion.

Run: 6578 Snarl: 118 All 21 Slices

Reconstruction Summary Tracks: 16 Showers: 15

AltTimeHistEntries 6689Mean 0RMS 0Underflow 0Overflow 1.146e+06

507.388 507.39 507.392 507.394 507.396 507.398 507.4 507.402 507.404

610×

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

AltTimeHistEntries 6689Mean 0RMS 0Underflow 0Overflow 1.146e+06

U

-4

-2

0

2

4

V

-4

-2

0

2

40 5 10 15

Y

-4

-2

0

2

4

X-2 0 2 4

0

50

100

0

50

100

UZ PE VZ PETimeHist

Entries 6689Mean 8.373e+08RMS 2900Underflow 0Overflow 0

837.332 837.334 837.336 837.338 837.34 837.342 837.344 837.346 837.348

610×

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

310× TimeHistEntries 6689Mean 8.373e+08RMS 2900Underflow 0Overflow 0


1st FD Beam Neutrino, March 7 ’05


Far Detector Beam Neutrino #2


HIGHLIGHTS FROM BNL

CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINOS


Muon and Hadron monitorsPad Ionization Chambers (PICs) used to monitor hadron and muo n content

of secondary beam. Developed by BNL/U. Wisconsin/U. Pittsburgh . Built by

U. Texas.


Beamtest of µ/Hadron MonitorsM. Diwan, B. Viren

BNL has been involved with the NuMI

secondary beam monitors since 2000

In 2001, BNL conducted 5 beam tests

of the PICs used in the hadron and

muon monitors using the ATF beam.

Test involved the final ACNET (Ac-

celerator Control Network) electron-

ics and remote readout used in the

NuMI beamline.

Results have been published 1cm

7.4cm

7.4cm

Guard ring

Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A496:293-304,2003


First beam in NuMI using JAS!M. Bishai

On December 3rd, 2004 the Java Anal-

ysis Studio (JAS) NuMI Monitor devel-

oped by BNL displayed the first pro-

ton beam in NuMI at the hadron moni-

tor on the 12th pulse

The JAS monitor was crucial during NuMI commisioning.


JAS Online Beam StatusM. Bishai


NuMI beam data loggingB. Viren

Beam data is needed for beam systematics studies and flux norm alization.

There are three main MINOS

datastreams: ND, FD and

beam instrumentation .

The BeamData process, written

using PYTHON, logs data from

≈ 400 NuMI beamline devices

using the XML-RPC server →MI-

NOS data stream.


NuMI offline beam data analysisM. Bishai

This is the first horizontal low intensity proton beam target scan taken on

Jan 21st, 2005. Detailed offline analysis first done by M. Bish ai using the

offline beamdata logged by the BeamData process:

Horizontal target position scan

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Horizontal position at target center (mm)

Had

ron

Mon

. tot

al P

.H./B

eam

Inte

nsity

(m

V/E

12)

All data using PM to extrapolate to target

Run 6067

Run 6068

Pulse height in hadron monitor is maximum when beam is passin g between target and protection baffle.


Beam Systematics StudyB. Viren

Using data on beam quality from the

first two neutrino runs, Brett simu-

lates the effect of the beam movement

and compares the ν flux to nominal.

Neutrino Energy (GeV)0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Rat

io

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Ratio to nominal at Near Det, per PoTRatio to nominal at Near Det, per PoT

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

-310×

-500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

Run 6067 flux at near detector near_flux_pos_r6067

Entries 5.79429e+07

Mean x -38.17

Mean y -37.18

RMS x 266.1

RMS y 265.3

0 0 0

0 0.02423947 0

0 0 0

Run 6067 flux at near detector

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

-310×

-500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

Run 6068 flux at near detector near_flux_pos_r6068

Entries 9.05694e+07

Mean x -34.75

Mean y -37.61

RMS x 267.1

RMS y 266.4

0 0 0

0 0.0566597 0

0 0 0

Run 6068 flux at near detector

Flux Run 6067 (off-center beam) Flux Run 6068 (on-center bea m)

Brett demonstrates that 1.5 mm beam shift = significant syste matic.


Preliminary ND rate studiesM. Dierckxsens

t(nearDAQ) - t(beamtime)-0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Time difference near - beam timedifEntries 1507Mean -0.01951RMS 0.002603

Time difference near - beam

Difference between ND and beamline timestamps

BNL pioneers matching beam con-

ditions with near detector data on a

spill-by-spill data using GPS times-

tamps.

First detailed study of ND rates vs POT:

Protons on Target/spill (1E12)0 5 10 15 20 25

Inte

ract

ions

/spi

ll

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Mark Dierckxsens, 2005/03/18

MINOS preliminaryNear Detector

Reconstructed Interactions versus Protons on Target per Spill

<POT> (10E12)0 5 10 15 20 25

<# tr

acks

/sna

rl>

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

/ ndf 2χ 4.089 / 5p0 0.001275± -0.02499 p1 0.008499± 0.4458

/ ndf 2χ 4.089 / 5p0 0.001275± -0.02499 p1 0.008499± 0.4458

Mark Dierckxsens, 2005/03/17

/ ndf 2χ 0 / 0p0 0.03356± 0.455 p1 0.01214± 0.3932

/ ndf 2χ 0 / 0p0 0.03356± 0.455 p1 0.01214± 0.3932

Number of ν interactions vs POT Average #tracks/POT data and MC


BNL MINOS GOALS/REQUIREMENTS


Near Term GoalsBeamline monitoring and data logging:

Develop JAS program into a beam quality alarm system.

Integrate beam data histograms into online MINOS shift fram ework.

Spill-by-spill beam conditions in MINOS ntuples and databas es.

Physics goals:

Set new ν oscillation limits using observed rate in the ND as a short

baseline experiment.

νe reconstruction in the near detector.

Publications:

Joint NIM publication on NuMI beamline commisioning. BNL, U .

Texas at Austin and FermiLab.


Summary & ConclusionsBNL’s long term MINOS goals are:

1. Normalization of the ν rate using beam data.

2. Searching for νe appearance in the far detector.

BNL has been a leading contributor to the MINOS effort since 2 000,

particularly in developing the beamline instrumentation a nd beam data

monitoring and logging software.

With the addition of two more BNL collaborators last year, we h ave also

taken a leading role in MINOS database development and manag ement and

beam data online monitoring and analysis.

BNL has pioneered matching beam conditions with near detect or data to

study ND neutrino rates. Lots of work done and lots more to do!


BACKUP


The Far Detector

8m × 2.54 cm thick Fe plates

4.1 × 1 × 800 cm scintillator

strips with WLS fiber readout

Toroidal B-field, 1.3 T at r = 2m

Cosmic µ veto shield

486 layers ⇒ 5.4kTon


The Near Detector

Calorimeter region

Spectrometer region


NuMI Primary Beamline


NuMI Pretarget


Target Region Components

Target Enclosure

6.4 x 28 mm 2 graphite segments .

1m long = 1.9 interaction lengths .

O(100) KW beam power at 1 mm

beam width . Water cooled.

Horn 1

Parabolic magnetic lens.


Measuring the Beam Profile


Measuring the Beam Position

Characteristics of NuMI Beam Posi-

tion Monitors:

Software algorithm to search

400 µsec to find the beam.

NuMI bunches come in 6

batches from booster. Position

is measured batch by batch.

Linear over 15-20 mm. 50 µm

resolution.

BPMs used to auto-steer the beam to target center


NuMI Beam Monitoring using JASM. Bishai

BNL has developed new online sophisticated monitoring soft ware for the

NuMI beamline instrumentation:

http://minos.phy.bnl.gov/˜bishai/minos/NuMIMon/

The software uses the JAVA Analysis Studio (JAS) package to monitor

NuMI beamline instrumentation data that is publicly availa ble through

FermiLab’s Accelerator Controls Division XMl-RPC webserver . Features

include:

Platform independent. Verified it runs under Windows XP, MAC, Li nux.

You can run it from any computer, any where ⇒ REMOTE MONITORING.


Beam quality studies - exampleM. Bishai

Beam width at target should be 1mm but booster (?) instabilit ies cause

larger profiles:

Target beam profile , UTC timestamp = 1106417007.

Target beam profile, UTC timestamp = 1106420168.

Beam profile at PM101 vs PMTGT (Run 6068)

0.25 0.45 0.65 0.850.75

0.95

1.15

1.35

Horizontal width measured at PM101 (mm)

Hor

izon

tal w

idth

mea

sure

d at

PM

TG

T (

mm

)

Beam profile measured at target vs profile at Q101


MINOS Computing at BNLB. Viren

http://coop.phy.bnl.gov/˜admin/doc/coop.htmlBuilt BNL Physics Dept Cooperative Computing Cluster(COOP), an 18 CPU Opteron cluster (72x1 GHzPentium equivalent).

Cluster built from contributions from Physics Dept,MINOS, K0PI0 and Advanced Accelerator Group.

8/18 CPUs guaranteed for MINOS reconstruction,analysis and software development.

MINOS is a heavy user of the COOP.

Design allows for scalability to 100’s of CPUs withconstant adminstrative effort.


MINOS Database InventoryM. Dierckxsens

Maintaining the status of each of the database tables used in the MINOS

offline software.

Providing documentation about each of those tables for colla borators

to easily obtain information about the large amount of DB tab les.


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