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Structural engineerFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Structural engineersanalyze, design, plan, and research structural componentsandstructuralsystemsto achieve design goals and ensure the safety and comfort of users or occupants. Their

work takes account mainly of safety, technical, economic and environmental concerns, but they mayalso consider aesthetic and social factors.

Structural engineering is usually considered a specialty discipline withincivil engineering, but it canalso be studied in its own right. In the S, most practicing structural engineers are currently licensedas civil engineers, but the situation varies from state to state. In the !, most structural engineers inthe building industry are members of theInstitution of Structural "ngineersrather than the Institutionof #ivil "ngineers.

Typical structures designed by a structural engineer include buildings, towers,stadiaandbridges.$ther structures such as oil rigs, spacesatellites,aircraftandshipsmay also be designed by astructural engineer.%&'(ost structural engineers are employed in the construction industry, howeverthere are also structural engineers in the aerospace, automobile and shipbuilding industries. In theconstruction industry, they work closely with architects,civil engineers, mechanical

engineers, electrical engineers, )uantity surveyors, andconstruction managers.

Structural engineers ensure that buildings and bridges are built to be strong enough and stableenough to resist all appropriate structural loads*e.g., gravity, wind, snow, rain, seismic *earth)uake+,earth pressure, temperature, and traffic+ in order to prevent or reduce loss of life or inury. They alsodesign structures to be stiffenough to notdeflectorvibratebeyond acceptable limits. -uman comfortis an issue that is regularly considered in the limits.Fatigueis also an important consideration forbridges and for aircraft design or for other structures which eperience a large number of stresscycles over their lifetimes. #onsideration is also given to durability of materials against possibledeterioration which may impair performance over the design lifetime.

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& "ducation

/ 0icensing or chartered status

1 #areer and 2emuneration

3 See also

4 2eferences

5 "ternal links

Education%edit

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The education of structural engineers is usually through a civil engineeringbachelor6s degree, andoften a master6s degree specializing in structural engineering. The fundamental core subects forstructural engineering are strength of materialsor solid mechanics, Structural 7nalysis8Static 9:ynamic, material scienceand numerical analysis.2einforced concrete,compositestructure, timber, masonryand structural steeldesigns are the general structural designcourses thatwill be introduced in the net level of the education of structural engineering. The structuralanalysiscourses which includestructural mechanics,structural dynamicsandstructural

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_structural_elementshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Structural_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Structural_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Civil_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Civil_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_loadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_loadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Licensing_or_chartered_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Career_and_Remunerationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Structural_engineer&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_of_materialshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Composite_structure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Composite_structure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Dynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Dynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Structural_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Civil_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Civil_Engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_loadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Licensing_or_chartered_statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Career_and_Remunerationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineer#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Structural_engineer&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_of_materialshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Composite_structure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Composite_structure&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Dynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_structural_elements

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failureanalysis are designed to build up the fundamental analysis skills and theories for structuralengineering students. 7t the senior year level or in graduate programs,prestressedconcretedesign, space framedesign for building and aircraft, bridge engineering, civil andaerospace structure rehabilitation and other advanced structural engineering specializations areusually introduced.

2ecently in the nited States, there have been discussions in the structural engineering communityabout the knowledge base of structural engineering graduates. Some have called for a master6sdegree to be the minimum standard for professional licensing as a civil engineer.%/'There areseparate structural engineering undergraduate degrees at theniversity of #alifornia, San :iegoandat the niversity of 7rchitecture, #ivil "ngineering and ;eodesy,Sofia,

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7 /?&? survey of professionals occupying obs in the construction industry%5'showed that structuralengineers in the ! earn an average wage of C14,??>. The salary of structural engineers variesfrom sector to sector within the construction and built environmentindustry worldwide, depending onthe proect. For eample, structural engineers working in public sector proects earn on averageC1D,?@1 per annum compared to the C31,>3D average earned by those in commercial proects.#ertain regions also represent higher average salaries, with structural engineers in the (iddle

"astin all sectors, and of every level of eperience, earning C34,?@1, compared to ! and "countries where the average is C14,&53. %D'

See also%edit'

7rchitects

7rchitectural engineering