structural modelling
DESCRIPTION
testTRANSCRIPT
Structural Modelling
Slide 2
Tujuan Memahami aturan dan notasi class dan
object diagram Memahami langkah-langkah pembuatan class
dan object diagram Memahami keterkaitan antara use-case dan
structural model
Slide 3
Deskripsi A structural model describes the structure of
the data that supports the business process in an organization.
During the analysis phase, the structural model presentas the logical organization of data without indicating how the data are stored, created, or manipulated.
Analysts need to understand the information that is used and created by the system
A structural model is a formal way of representing the objects that are used and created by a business system.
Slide 4
It illustrates people, places, or things about which information is captured and how they are related to each other.
At this stage, the structural models doesn’t represent software component or classes in an OO programming language.
It should represent the responsibilities of each class and the collaborations between the classes.
Structural models are depicted using CRC cards, class diagram, and object diagram
Slide 5
Tujuan Structural Modelling Reduce the “semantic gap ” between the
underlying problem domain and the evolving structural model.
Create a vocabulary that can be used by both the analyst and users.
Represent the things, ideas, or concepts, that is, the objects, contained in the domain of the problem and their relationships.
Slide 6
Classes
Templates for creating instances or objectsConcreteAbstract
Typical examples:Application domain, user interface, data
structure, file structure, operating environment, document, and multimedia classes
Atributes :Units of information relevant to the description
of the classOnly attributes important to the task should be
included
Slide 7
Operations :Action that instances/objects can takeFocus on relevant problem-specific operations
(at this point)
Slide 8
Relationship Generalization
Enables inheritance of attributes and operations
Example : staff dan nurse Aggregation
Relates parts to wholesExample : house dan door,window
AssociationMiscellaneous relationships between classesExample : patient dan appointment
CLASS-RESBONSIBILITY-COLLABORATION CARD
Slide 10
Content Responsibilities
KnowingDoing
CollaborationObjects working together to service a request
Slide 11
A CRC Card
Slide 12
CLASS DIAGRAM
Slide 14
Notasi Class Diagram
A CLASS
AN ATTRIBUTE
AN OPERATION
AN ASSOCIATION
ClassName
-attribute
+operation ()
Attribute name/derived attribute name
operation name ()
1..* 0..1______verb phrase____
Slide 15
Example
Slide 16
Atribut Derived attributes
/age, for example can be calculated from birth date and current date
VisibilityPublic (+)Protected (#)Private (-)
Slide 17
Operasi Constructor
Creates objectTypically not written explicitly on the class
diagram Query
Makes information about the state of an object available to other objects
UpdateChanges values of some or all attributes
Slide 18
Relationship Tepat satu
Sebuah Department hanya memiliki satu Boss Nol atau lebih
Satu Employee memiliki nol atau banyak Child Satu atau lebih
Satu Boss memimpin satu atau lebih Employee
Department Boss1
Employee Child0 .. *
BossEmploye
e1..*
Slide 19
Nol atau satu
Seorang Employee dapat menikah dengan nol atau satu pasangan
Kisaran tertentu
Seorang Employee dapat memperoleh jatah Vacation 2 hingga 4 kali per tahun
Multiple, disjoint ranges
Seorang Employee adalah anggota dari satu hingga tiga atau lima komite
Employee Spouse0..1
Employee Vacation2..4
Employee Comitte1..3, 5
Slide 20
Sometimes a relationship has associated properties, especially when its classes share a many-to-many relationship.
In these cases, a class is formed, called an association class
Example :
Gejala Penyakit
Pengobatan
Slide 21
Generalization & Aggregation Generalization :
Occurs when we need to use words as “is a-kind-of” to describe the relationship.
Example : the blue line Aggregation
Classes actually comprises other classExample : the red line
Slide 22
Object Diagram
Slide 23
Object Identification Common approaches :
Textual analysisCommon object listsPatterns
Slide 24
Textual Analysis Analysis of the text in the use-case
descriptions Starts by reviewing the use-case descriptions
and the use-case diagrams. Identify potential objects, attributes,
operations, and relationships. The nouns possible classes, the verbs
possible operations
Slide 25
Common Object List Simply list the objects that are common to
the business domain of the system. Several categories :
things incidents roles interactions
Slide 26
Patterns Is a useful group of collaborating classes that
provide a solution to a commonly occurring problem.
For example : many business transactions involve the same type of objects and interactions :a transaction classa transaction line item classan item classa location classa participant class
Slide 27
Steps for Object Identification and Structural Modeling
1. Create CRC cards by performing textual analysis on the use-cases.
2. Brainstorm additional candidate classes, attributes, operations, and relationships by using the common object list approach.
3. Role-play each use-case using the CRC cards.
4. Create the class diagram based on the CRC cards.
5. Review the structural model for missing and/or unnecessary classes, attributes, operations, and relationships.
6. Incorporate useful patterns.
7. Review the structural model.
Slide 28
Class Tasks
1. Gambarlah class diagram untuk kelas-kelas berikut :
Movie (title, producer, length, director, genre)Ticket (price, adult or child, showtime, movie)Patron (name, adult or child, age)
2. Gambarlah class diagram untuk kelas-kelas berikut :
Patient (age, name, hobbies, blood type, occupation, insurance carrier, address, phone)
Insurance carrier (name, number of patients on plan, address, contact name, phone)
Doctor (speciality, provider identification number, age, phone, name)
Slide 29
3. Gambarkan relasi-relasi berikut :a) Seorang pasien hanya boleh mendaftar ke
seorang dokter, dan seorang dokter boleh memeriksa banyak pasien
b) Seorang pegawai dapat memiliki satu ekstensi telpon, dan satu nomor ekstensi telpon hanya diberikan untuk satu pegawai
c) Sebuah teater dapat menayangkan banyak filem dan sebuah film dapat ditayangkan di banyak teater
Slide 30
4. Buatlah class diagram untuk situasi berikut : Saat pasien pertama kali berkonsultasi, mereka harus mengisi informasi pasien yang berisi data-data tentang nama, alamat, nomor telpon, dan asuransi yang disimpan di file informasi pasien. Pasien hanya dapat terdaftar pada satu asuransi. Seorang pasien hanya dapat berkonsultasi dengan seorang dokter. Setiap kali pasien mengunjungi dokter, sebuah klaim asuransi dikirim kepada pihak asuransi berkaitan dengan pembayaran. Klaim berisi informasi kunjungan yaitu tentang tanggal, tujuan, dan biaya. Seorang pasien bisa mengajukan maksimal 2 klaim di hari yang sama.
Slide 31
Tugas Kelompok Buat paper tentang : Object Based Formal
Specification (OBFS) Aturan :
Minimal berasal dari 2 jurnalTulisan dalam bahasa Indonesia dengan
struktur dan tata bahasa yang tepat.Ditulis di kertas A4, minimal 5 halaman (tidak
termasuk cover).Cantumkan referensi yang digunakanDikumpulkan via email dalam format pdf
paling lambat 2 Juni 2011