subc ludwigsburg

7/27/2019 SubC Ludwigsburg

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c s Study

en gy e i nt city Ludwigsbu gann x 51 - en gy e i nt communiti s:c s Studi s nd St t gi Guid n o U b nD ision M k s


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/subc-ludwigsburg 2/722 IMPrINT

Imp intA project o the International Energy Agency (IEA/Paris)Supervising Agent IEA in GermanyD . r inh d J nk, H d o v lu tion ene :St dtVolkswohnung K ls uh GmbHettling -To-Pl tz 2

76137 K ls uh

Promotiond l Minist y o edu tion nd r s h (BMB )

Project executing organisationP oj ktt äg Jüli hN tion l en gy undingD . D ni l roh52425 Jüli h

Per ormanceStuttg t Univ sity o appli d S i n sInstitut o appli d r s h (Ia )c nt o appli d r s h - Sust in bl en gy T hnology(z h.n t) nd c nt o sust in bl u b n d v lopm ntP o . D . U sul ei k , P o . D . D tl Ku thD . Monik H m nn (p oj t oo din to )U sul Pi tzs h, M.a.a no Knöbl, M.a., g du t ssist ntc. L s S hu h t, Dipl.Ing. ( H), g du t ssist ntS h llingst ß 2470174 Stuttg twww.h t-stuttg t.d

Partnerscity o Ludwigsbu gD p tm nt o Sust in bl U b n D v lopm ntW n Sp , Lo d M yoalb t G ig , H d o D p tm nt o Sust in bl U b nD v lopm ntS nd Kölm l, M. eng. (P oj t oo din to )Wilh lmst ß 1171638 Ludwigsbu g

TitleWood- d pow st tion Ludwigsbu g,Sou : city o Ludwigsbu g

Publisher

city o Ludwigsbu g nd z h.n t

Th p oj t whi h this po t is b s d on w s und d by thd l Minist y o edu tion nd r s h und th g nt

numb 03S 0387.

Th sponsibility o th ont nt o this publi tion stswith th publish s.

TranslationD . K olin B omb h, Stuttg t Univ sity o appli dS i n s

Stuttgartap il 2011


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cont ntPre ace .............................................................................................................. 4

01 IntroductionTh p oj t ann x 51 ......................................................................................... 6en gy i nt ommuniti s s p t o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt poli y ... 7

c s study on n gy i n y, dminist tiv o m nd gov n n ................ 9

02 Background o the Sustainable Urban Development StrategyTown histo y nd lo l id ntity ......................................................................... 10St u tu l d t o u b n d v lopm nt ................................................................ 10Gov n n st u tu s ...................................................................................... 12

03 Energy and CO2 Balanceen gy p odu tion nd n gy supply ................................................................ 17app o h s to n gy i n y ........................................................................ 18Int g t d n gy on pt................................................................................. 19Pot nti ls o n w bl s in ity nd gion ......................................................... 20T nspo t .......................................................................................................... 22in l n gy onsumption nd cO2 b l n ...................................................... 23S n ios o th citywid en gy St t gy .......................................................... 25ass ssm nt o th d v lopm nt t nd ............................................................... 28r s h in th ont xt o sust in bility nd n gy i n y ........................... 30

04 Stakeholder and Process Analysisr s h qu stions nd st k hold s ................................................................ 32M thodology ..................................................................................................... 32r sults ............................................................................................................. 34

05 Planning Sustainable Urban DevelopmentSt t gi obj tiv s – Int g t d U b n D v lopm nt con pt ssup o din t st t gy ...................................................................................... 40Int g t d sust in bility m n g m nt – st ing sust in bl u b nd v lopm nt .................................................................................................... 42Dist i t D v lopm nt Pl ns ............................................................................... 43en gy ............................................................................................................. 43

06 Implementation, Funding and Marketing o Energy E fciency:Planning instruments and unding programmesImpl m nt tion by pl nning tools ...................................................................... 46Int g tion o unding nd s h p oj ts ...................................................... 47M k ting nd ommuni tion .......................................................................... 48

07 Examples or Implementation .............................................................................. 50

08 Conclusions and Lessons Learnedcon lusions...................................................................................................... 57L ssons l n d .............................................................................................. 60

Appendix .......................................................................................................... 66(Bibliog phy, W bsit s, abb vi tions)


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PCase Study »Energy E fcient City Ludwigsburg«

Dear ladies and gentlemen,o th city o Ludwigsbu g nd its politi l p s nt tiv s, n gy i n y nds u ity o n gy supply will b om nt l lo tion l to . This on ns th lo lonomy s w ll s th qu lity o li o th itiz ns. In th utu , n gy i n y nd

th mount o n w bl n gi s will m k th di n b tw n omp ting iti s.Only iti s th t n gu nt st bl osts nd s u ity o n gy supply will b long toth p osp ing, su ss ul nd liv bl iti s in G m ny nd wo ldwid .

W just nish d th citywid en gy St t gy o Ludwigsbu g tog th with th Instituto en gy e onomi s nd th r tion l Us o en gy Univ sity o Stuttg t. Th sultsshow th g t h ll ng o id nti ying nd impl m nting tiv m su s to hth im o lim t n ut lity.

Th study t h nd o th Institut o appli d r s h t Stuttg t Univ sity o appli dS i n s (H T) points out th t w sh this h ll ng with m ny G m n nd eu op niti s. Th o , w st blish d n int n tion lly obs v d st ing inst um nt vi ouu b n d v lopm nt st t gy »P sp tiv s o Ludwigsbu g« .

en gy is on o th l v n topi s o ou u b n d v lopm nt st t gy. Th im is to h sust in bl n gy supply by n gy s ving, n gy i n y nd int nsi d us on w bl n gi s. Within th int g t d sust in bility m n g m nt, th topi s ontinuously djust d. On p ondition is ho izont l oss-linking. It is v y impo t ntto und st nd this poli y s oss-linking t sk within th st u tu o dminist tion.This in lud s m st pl ns, go l indi to s nd m thod omp t n s w ll s politi l

pt n o p ti ip tion. Ou u b n d v lopm nt st t gy w s giv n n w dim nsionby th L ipzig ch t nd th N tion l U b n D v lopm nt Poli y.

V ti l oss-linking will b n impo t nt n xt st p o sust in bl poli y: om lo ll v l to th st t l v l nd eu op n l v l up to n int n tion l l v l.

o this son it is g t pl su o m th t th city o Ludwigsbu g w s hos ns s study o »en gy e i nt communiti s« within th p og mm ann x 51 oth Int n tion l en gy ag n y (Iea, P is). This g v us th possibility to n lys thp vious p o ss - nd most impo t nt - to obt in omm nd d p o du s o whi hw but lso oth iti s n p o t.


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Th im o this study is to show how n gy i n y n b h d on muni ip ll v l nd how n gy i n y n b impl m nt d into th politi l d ision m kingp o ss by o spond nt dminist tion l st u tu s. Th study is di t d t townsnd lo l utho iti s s w ll s t gion l sso i tions, but lso t pl nn s nd n gyg n i s.

I would lik to th nk Stuttg t Univ sity o appli d S i n s (H T) o th d v lop-m nt o this study, D . r inh d J nk (Iea), D . D ni l roh (P oj ktt äg Jüli h) ndth d l Minist y o edu tion nd r s h (BMB ) o th unding th study, butlso ll thos who h v ont ibut d to it vi b kg ound t lks, int vi ws nd supply oin o m tion.

W n Sp

Lo d M yo



Int odu tionThe project Annex 51

Th p oj t »en gy e i nt city Ludwigsbu g« w s d v lop d in th ont xt o»ann x 51 - en gy e i nt communiti s: c s Studi s nd St t gi Guid n oU b n D ision M k s«, sup vis d by th Int n tion l en gy ag n y (Iea, P is).Th p oj t w s oo din t d by z h.n t nd Z nt um ü N hh ltig St dt nt-wi klungspl nung (c nt o Sust in bl U b n D v lopm nt Pl nning) withinth Institut ü ang w ndt o s hung (Ia - Institut o appli d r s h Ia )o Ho hs hul ü T hnik (H T - Univ sity o appli d S i n s) Stuttg t. It w ssuppo t d by st m mb s o Ludwigsbu g’s r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung(D p tm nt o Sust in bl U b n D v lopm nt).

»ann x 51» ims t d v loping muni ip l st t gi s th t, th ough ontinuous optimi-z tion, l d to imp ov d n gy i n y nd du tion o cO2 missions onommun l o n ighbou hood l v l. Th o , long-t m nd holisti pp o h iss n s ss nti l. It in lud s du tion o n gy onsumption, ss to inno-v tiv n gy n two ks, p odu tion o n gy om n w bl sou s, tpl nning, but lso du tion nd in o m tion. In o d to s u th b st i n ypossibl , lso sho t-t m nd m dium-t m m su s n ss y. u th mo ,lim t p ot tion t g ts m y b n o d th ough mod n m n g m nt m thods,su h s d l g tion o sponsibiliti s within dminist tion, m k ting, o onfi tsolution st t gi s.

6 INTrODUcTION

1

Figure 1: Subt sks ann x 51, sou : Iea

SUBTASK A – State of the ArtState of the art of organisation, implementationinstruments and planning tools for municipality,city developers and urban planners

SUBTASK B - Case Studies

Case studies on energy planning andimplementation of energy concepts for urbandistricts, development areas and further urbangrowth areas

SUBTASK DInstruments and tools forsuccessful municipal energypoliticsGuidelines, planning models,papers, workshops

SUBTASK C - Case StudiesCase studies to formulate an integrative municipalenergy and climate concept, includingimplementation strategies



»ann x 51« omp is s o ou ind p nd nt subt sks. Subt sk D is wo k d out on thb sis o subt sks a, B nd c. Th sults ompil d nd to b publish d in m nu l o u b n n gy pl nning (subt sk D).Th s studi s o subt sk c d s ib how t n iti s om eu op , asi , U.S.a. ndc n d imp ov n gy i n y nd du cO2 missions: th i st t gi s, th ixp i n s nd su ss to s.

Th city o Ludwigsbu g is still in th ly st g s o this p o ss. Th o , its o usli s on th ollowing subj ts:

n M thods nd inst um nts th t suppo t u b n d ision m k s in d v loping ndimpl m nting i i nt m dium-t m to long-t m n gy st t gi s.

n M thods th t h lp u b n d ision m k s to judg th n gy i i n y o xistingo utu n gy sou s nd syst ms.

Th s study »en gy e i nt city Ludwigsbu g« t h nd w s ondu t d onbo ough l v l (inn ity nd out dist i ts) nd sup vis d by D . r inh d J nk(Iea). Th wo k pl n o th oth p oj ts o subt sk c is b ing ompil d und thdi tion o P o sso J qu s Kimm n, Hog s hool Zuyd (H l n, N th l nds).

Energy e fcient communities as part o a sustainable urban development policy

In G m ny, th on pt o » n gy i nt ommuniti s« is p t o sup o din tst t gy: sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt poli y. Its go ls h v b n l id down by theu op n Union in th »L ipzig ch t on Sust in bl eu op n citi s« in 2007.This h t is b ing impl m nt d within th m wo k o th G m n p og mm»N tion l U b n D v lopm nt Poli y«. H , st t gi guiding visions o u b nd v lopm nt su h s »th omp t ity«, th » lim t ons ious ity«, »th citys lo tion o busin ss« o »th so i lly b l n d ity« o mul t d. It is d l d go l to p v nt th eu op n ity om ongoing u b n sp wl nd s g g -tion nd m t th h ll ng s o d mog phi nd lim t h ng . Thus, th lim tons ious nd n gy i nt ity is p t o omp h nsiv int g t d st t gy osust in bility th t - b sid s ologi l th m s - lso ounts o so i l nd onomisp ts.

In o d to tt in lim t ons ious ity, two st t gi s n b di nti t d: lim tp ot tion (»mitig tion«, o x mpl by bon du tion) nd djustm nt to lim th ng (» d pt tion«, o x mpl by t o tting th xisting building sto k). Thn gy i nt ity is p t o th mitig tion st t gy, whi h, o x mpl , o us s ondu ing th n gy d m nd nd on shi ting to n w bl n gy supply. It lsoounts o th »indu d n gy d m nd« th t is g n t d, o x mpl , by

ddition l t volum o dis dv nt g ous sp ti l dist ibution o in st u tu ndth o is los ly onn t d to th d v lopm nt go l o th omp t ity. In 2007,th m mb st t s o th eu op n community g d on du ing th onsumptiono p im y n gy by 20 p nt until 2020. With n n gy s ving o din n ndoth gul tion, G m ny took m su s to du n gy onsumption nd top omot th us o n w bl s.

Origins in the Agenda 21 processTh impl m nt tion o ag nd 21 go ls on th lo l l v l, o th st tim , qui dll ommuniti s to d vis sup o din t st t gy o u b n d v lopm nt th t w sb s d on »bottom-up« p o ss o p ti ip tion suppo t d by muni ip l dminis-t tion. In o d to monito impl m nt tion st t gi s, th n d o sust in bility

indi to s w s st ss d (Unit d N tions 1992). S ttl (W shington / USa) w son o th st iti s wo ldwid th t d v lop d s t o indi to s to m su lo lsust in bility. In G m ny, th city o H id lb g (145,000 inh bit nts) st t d toimpl m nt sust in bility go ls within th muni ip l u b n d v lopm nt st t gy2010 »V ntwo tung ü di Zukun t« ( sponsibility o th utu ) l dy in

INTrODUcTION 7


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ommuniti s« builds on th m. B s d on itiz n p ti ip tion nd tog th with llst k hold s, oll tiv d v lopm nt st t gy is b ing wo k d out. St ing t k s plvi indi to s th t monito ll muni ip l tiviti s in g d to sust in bility.

Th city o Ludwigsbu g is in th p o ss o impl m nting omp h nsiv sust in-bility m n g m nt syst m. B s d on th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, v ious n gy

i n y m su s ti d tog th nd lign d with th st t gi go ls o ologi l,

onomi , p ti ip to y nd so i l d v lopm nt. Th o , th on pt o n » n gyi nt ity« is und stood s n int g t d st t gy to s gu d th city’s utu in th o n gy nd lim t h ll ng s.

Case study on energy e fciency, administrative re orm and governance

Th city o Ludwigsbu g h s b n hos n o s study b us it impl m nts omp h nsiv nd int g t d sust in bility st t gy b s d on itywid on pt ou b n d v lopm nt. o th citywid en gy St t gy, multitud o tiviti s in th so lim t poli y, lim t h ng d ption, n gy, t nspo t, indust y nd l nd us h vb n ompil d by th Institut o en gy e onomi s nd th r tion l Us o en gy (Ier)t Stuttg t Univ sity. Th s tiviti s show th t sp i l p io ity is giv n to n gy poli yin this ommunity. u th mo , outst nding n gy i n y st nd ds h v b n

liz d in building nd onv sion p oj ts in Ludwigsbu g.

a uniqu tu o th city o Ludwigsbu g is th st t gy o th m yo nd his dminis-t tion to us th omp h nsiv dminist tiv o m o st blishing sust in blst u tu s th t dv n th subj ts o u b n d v lopm nt, n gy nd lim t p ot -tion. M ny oth iti s p omot lim t p ot tion in mp igns with doubt ul su ss. InLudwigsbu g, th dminist tion m k s w ll-di t d us o th inst um nts it l dyh s t h nd whil t ying to hi v b l n d muni ip l hous hold th t ont ibut s toi n ss mong g n tions.

In th ont xt o subt sk c o ann x 51, Ludwigsbu g’s tiviti s o n n gy nd lim tp ot tion st t gy within th int g t d u b n d v lopm nt on pt d s ib d. Z h.n t nd th c nt o Sust in bl U b n D v lopm nt pl nning o Univ sity o appli dS i n s Stuttg t (HT) v lu t d th m su s nd p oj ts nd d du t d x mpl y»l ssons l n d«. Th y m y b omp d to th oth s studi s in subt sk c nds v s input o th m nu l o u b n n gy pl nning d v lop d in subt sk D.

Case Study Energy Efcient City Ludwigsburg

Governance – communal strategy for energy and climate protection

Guiding principles of energy efcient urban development planning

Implementation strategies and instruments

Collective analysis of the Ludwigsburg approach

Recommended procedures

Lessons Learned

Annex 51 Guide Book Energy Efcient Cities

Figure 2: St u tu o s study, pi tu H T


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B kg ound o th Sust in bl U b nD v lopm nt St t gy

Town history and local identity

Th city o Ludwigsbu g w s ound d omp tiv ly l t in th 18th ntu y s b oqu sid n y nd nt lly pl nn d ity. a t th sid n y w s lo t d toStuttg t, it d v lop d into g ison town. With th b ginning o th 20th ntu y,it w s t ns o m d by indust i liz tion. Du to th num ous b ks, Ludwigsbu gb m nt l milit y b s o th US my t th S ond Wo ld W . In thSouth st o th ity, th l g g ison P ttonvill w s built th t omp is d n myhigh s hool nd housing (Läppl 2009: 311 ).

Du to g owth o popul tion nd housing sho t g s, low p i d housing w s qui klyb n built t th w . Tod y, th s housing st t s, su h s G ünbühl, Hi s hb go S hlössl s ld, in u g nt n d o n gy- i nt nov tion. Du ing th 1960snd 70s, un tion l o buildings, s hools nd dminist tion l buildings m g d.B us o its histo y, Ludwigsbu g tu s m ny list d buildings nd post whousing st t s th t pl sp i l d m nds on n gy- i nt nov tion.

a t withd w l o th milit y in th 1990s, th inn ity b ks w onv t dnd v ious us s s ttl d th (musi s hool, lm nd m di nt , st t-up nt ,t, ultu ). Du to monum nt p ot tion, n gy- i nt nov tion only took pl

p tly. In 1995, th o m b k sit »K bb nlo hk s n « w s onv t d into thhousing »rotbäuml s ld« th t tu s n tu -o i nt d inw t m n g m ntnd oo g ning. at p s nt, th l st milit y sit in Ludwigsbu g, th » l kk s n «,is tu n d into mod n housing ll d »H t n k Höh «. With lmost 18h t s, it is th l g st b k sit in town.

Structural data o urban development

Population and demographic orecastas m dium-siz d town (86,000 inh bit nts), Ludwigsbu g is n impo t nt ntin th No th o Stuttg t with int ns gion l links. It is p t o th gion o Stuttg tnd th Stuttg t m t opolit n gion, on o th most u b niz d gions in eu opwith st ong onomi pow s, high qu lity o li nd ongoing in-mig tion. Ludwigs-bu g is th thi d l g st ity in th gion o Stuttg t. 43,331 inh bit nts liv in th ityo (dist i ts Mitt , W st, No d, Ost, Süd), 42,119 in th out dist i ts Pfug ld n,eglosh im, Hoh n k, Oßw il, G ünbühl, N k w ihing n nd Popp nw il . Thitywid popul tion d nsity is 2,014 inh bit nts/km2.

a t th popul tion gu s m in d omp bly st bl du ing th l st y s, slight d s is xp t d om 2012 on. Until 2025, th numb o sid nts isp ognos d to d op to th l v l o 1996. Th d s o th n tu l popul tion gu sis ushion d by ongoing in-mig tion (St tistis h s L nd s mt B d n-Wü tt mb g2008).

2


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Settlement and transport structuresTh ounty o Ludwigsbu g (L ndk is Ludwigsbu g) omp is s n o 687 km 2.43 km 2 b long to th city o Ludwigsbu g. In 2009, 46.7% o th tot l muni ip lt ito y w s o upi d by s ttl m nt nd t (in luding buildings, op n sp s,

to i s nd l isu ), 45.2% by g i ultu , 5.4% by o sts, 2% by w t nd 0.7%by oth us s (W bsit St t. L nd s mt BW 2008 ).

Ludwigsbu g is on o th s ond y nt s in th ounty. It is p t o gion ld v lopm nt xis nd, o ding to th gion l pl n, gion lly impo t nt g owthpol o indust y, omm , s vi s nd housing.

Lik th st o th gion, th Ludwigsbu g onu b tion n b sily h d bypubli t nspo t s w ll s by individu l t . It is v y w ll onn t d to th gion lo d n two k with di t d s to n tion l (a81) nd st t (B27) moto w ys ndto th ilw y syst m (S-B hn lin s S4/ S5). N tion l nd int n tion l t ins ndi pl n s d p t om Stuttg t. Lo l ilw y sidings nd shipping p s t th ivN k v il bl o th t nspo t o goods.

Th good t onn tions lso h v n g tiv ons qu n s. alongsidth moto w ys, th onsid bl g s, dust p ti l s nd nois missions.

gm nt d l nds p s nd sp ti l b i s dd to n in s in n gy onsumptionnd cO2 missions.

EconomyIn Ludwigsbu g, th h ng om indust y to s vi so i ty h s su ss ully b n

i d out. In 2008, 76.6% o th mploy s subj t to so i l s u ity wo k din th s vi s s to , 23.2% in m nu tu ing nd only 0.2% in g i ultu ndo st y. 98 nt p is s in Ludwigsbu g mploy 50 o mo w g n s. Th v

k y indust i s : utomotiv suppli s, ngin ing, n n , so tw d v lopm ntnd m di .T d is lso l g mploy . In th W st n p t o Ludwigsbu g, nonomi lust »Zukun tsp k en gi und el kt omobilität« (busin ss p k n gynd l t omobility) w s o m d th t tt ts n w ms om th lds o » n gy

i n y«, » l t omobility«, » o-d sign« nd »g n indust y«.

B us Ludwigsbu g is so tt tiv , mo p opl ommut in (2008: 31,213) th nout (2008: 19,469). Th l g ommuting volum s o th nti ounty show th tLudwigsbu g is w ll-int g t d into th onomi n two k o th Stuttg t gion. Inth y 2007, 52,480 in- ommut s nd 76,781 out- ommut s w ount d o thounty o Ludwigsbu g (W bsit St tistis h s L nd s mt B d n-Wü tt mb g 2008 b).

Municipal housing stockTh housing sso i tion »Wohnungsb u Ludwigsbu g GmbH« (WBL) w s ound d in1953 nd owns bout 2,200 housing units. addition lly, it m n g s 700 p tm nts

o ding to d l l w (Wohn ig ntumsg s tz WeG). almost 10% (7,500 p sons)o th itiz ns o Ludwigsbu g liv in p tm nts own d by WBL. WBL nts out, s lls,

Th »Blüh nd B o k« – Th g n lung o Ludwigsbu g, Pi tu : M. H m nn

Ludwigsburg

Figure 3: Lo tion o Ludwigsbu g in

G m ny



dminist t s nd builds n w p tm nts. It ng g s in n gy- i nt nov tion ohousing nd pl ys n impo t nt ol in u b n d v lopm nt nd ologi l p oj ts.Pl nn d inv stm nts h v b n p tly h ld b k du to l t pp ov l o publi undingnd t n nt lo tion. This is why only 2.84 million eu o o th pl nn d inv stm ntbudg t o 4.25 million eu os w sp nt in 2009.

Development o the inner citySust in bl u b n d v lopm nt ims o b own ld d v lopm nt b o g n ldd v lopm nt. Th city o Ludwigsbu g pu su s this pp o h not only by thx mpl y onv sion o m ny o m b k sit s, but lso by t g ting inn ity

d v lopm nt. Sin 2004, 50 million eu os h v b n inv st d in ound 100 p oj tsin th inn ity. o l g p ts, unding m om d l nd st t g n -tion p og mm s su h s »St dtt il mit b sond m entwi klungsb d – Sozi lSt dt« (Dist i ts With Sp i l D v lopm nt N ds – th So i lly Int g tiv city) in thdist i ts eglosh im nd G ünbühl. anoth go l is to suppo t nd p omot inn ityt il in o d to du cO2 missions us d by subu b n shopping t ips.

Governance structures

Organisation and restructuring o administrationTh ity dminist tion o Ludwigsbu g is divid d into th d p tm nts: D p t-

m nt I: onomy, ultu , dminist tion (h d: Lo d M yo ); d p tm nt II: du tion,spo ts, so i l i s (h d: i st M yo ); d p tm nt III: building, t hnology, nvi on-m nt (h d: Building M yo ). Th Lo d M yo is sponsibl o th ov ll di tion odminist tion.

Figure 4: Bo ough o Ludwigsbu g – ity dist i ts

Sou : city o Ludwigsbu g, D p tm nt o Pl nning nd Su v ying, 2010



Th r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung (D p tm nt o Sust in bl U b n D v lop-m nt) is n int d p tm nt l unit th t w s st blish d in 2008. It is di tly subo di-n t to th Lo d M yo . In th unit, th g own tiviti s in sust in bl u b n d v lop-m nt ti d tog th nd o g niz d in p o ss s in o d to link th m with ll s odminist tiv tion. Th d p tm nt’s wo k o omp is s o 17 p sons (in ludingh d o unit nd ssist nt) who wo k in th s o onomi d v lopm nt, int g t du b n d v lopm nt, eu op nd n gy. Th int d p tm nt l unit b ks th xisting

lin st u tu o dminist tion. It h s to b involv d in ll d ision-m king p o ss sth t l t d to sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt. Th u nt st u tu o dminist -tion ( gu 5) is th out om o ons qu nt o m th t w s initi t d by th h d odminist tion nd h s b n impl m nt d sin 2004.

B o th o m, l ssi l dminist tion l st u tu xist d: sp h d d by thLo d M yo , th d p tm nts w sponsibl o ou to six lds o wo k.

In th light o so i l h ng nd dwindling n n i l sou s, th o m im d oting utu -o i nt d dminist tiv st u tu th t is i o ll g n tions.

r th th n opying xisting on pts o oth muni ip liti s, Ludwigsbu g hos nindividu l p th. Th ity dminist tion w s o g niz d whil p im ily d wing omits own hum n sou s. Th h d o dminist tion opt d o p o ss o h ngth t di tly in lud d th p sons t d by it. Th st ’s imm ns knowl dg boutth i lds o wo k w s us d to d v lop sp i solutions th t spond to th lo londitions.

Th nti p oj t »r st u tu ing o dminist tion« w s divid d into nin subp oj ts;h o th m d vot d to th o g niz tion o on ld o wo k. o h subp oj t,

th h d o dminist tion h d d vis d p oj t h t . It ont in d nt l go ls oth d v lopm nt o n w st u tu : sho t d ision-m king p ths nd st ndmo f xibl dminist tion.

Individu l sponsibility w s n ou g d nd b m n impo t nt motiv tion l to .o x mpl , by int odu ing nt l ounting o s within th d p tm nts, thov ll osts o SaP li n s ould b du d. u th mo , ost-output ountingnd st t gi ont olling w st blish d nd u th d v lop d. Th tion oth n w subdivisions » t nd ultu «, » onomy, m di , tou ism«, » ommunityvolunt s vi s« nd » du tion, mili s, spo ts« w s m jo h ng .

Head Albert GeigerDeputy Frank Steinert

Assistance

IntegratedUrban DevelopmentEconomic Development Europe and Energy

Business support andbusiness development

Pilot function Assistance for locally

interested business rms Marketing of business sites Impulse City Center

(”Offensive Innenstadt”) Local supply in districts

Basic issues of SustainableUrban Development

Supervision master plansof SEK

Urban redevelopmentmeasures

Supervision STEPs ”Soziale Stadt” projects Supervision of important

projects(e.g. Hartenecker Höhe)

EU coordination Basic issues Europe EU funding acquisition Supervision EU projects Metropolitan Region Basic issues energy Supervision energy projects

Figure 5: St u tu nd sponsibiliti s o r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g



Urban development process and work in project groupsTh u th d v lopm nt o th st u tu o th muni ip l dminist tion w sombin d with th U b n D v lopm nt P o ss (s h pt 5). at th b ginning in2004 th »ag n y U b n D v lopm nt St t gy« with two xp i n d mploy sw s ng d los to th m yo ’s o . This g n y w s in h g o st ing thwhol p o ss nd th int g tion within th dminist tion.

Th p o ss w s omp ni d by int ns p ti ip tion th t w s suppo t d by n w»D p tm nt o a tiv citiz nship«. anoth t sk o this d p tm nt is n tivombin tion o p id wo k nd volunt ing.

Wh n th u b n d v lopm nt st t gy w s d t min d bout in 2006, th t sks oth »ag n y U b n D v lopm nt St t gy« w -int g t d into th lin nd sto g nis tion. Pl nning t sks lik th wo k on m st pl ns nd indi to s w in thsponsibility o th »D p tm nt U b n Pl nning nd Su v ying«. o dminist -

tiv th m s, n w d p tm nt »st ing ssist n « los to th m yo w s und dsoon, th d ily xp i n m d l th t st ing o p o ss s nd ont nts h d tob ombin d g in. o this son, th »D p tm nt o U b n D v lopm nt« w sst blish d. Th n w st ing unit ts s d iv o th dminist tion to st ndtiv t sust in bility th m s.

Th n w b si onditions nd in sing ompl x t sks d m nd u th d v lop-m nt o th wo k p o ss. Th o , omp h nsiv t sks should b ompl t donjointly, .g. in »p oj t g oups«, outsid o th lin st u tu .

This p in ipl o »p oj t g oups« w s st impl m nt d in Ludwigsbu g in 1995 withth d v lopm nt o th o m b k K bb nlo hk s n (tod y rotbäuml s-

ld). a omp h nsiv »p oj t g oup« with st m mb s om di nt d p t-m nts lik housing, u b n pl nning, ivil ngin ing nd n n s w s s t up. a»p oj t g oup« is sponsibl o th whol ont nt o th p oj t nd is utho is dto m k d isions. Th »p oj t g oup« is ont oll d by th »p oj t st ing g oup«th t d n s th p oj t ims nd th sup io di tion o th p oj t. const nt

Lord Mayor Werner Spec – Head of Administration

DEPARTMENT IEconomy, Culture, AdministrationLord MayorWerner Spec

Department for Sustainable Urban

Development

Head: Albert Geiger

Economic DevelopmentBusiness Assistance,Pilotage Function,Agency, inter alia

Integrated Urban DevelopmentSustainable Urban Development,Urban District Development Plan,Soziale Stadt Projects, inter alia

Europe and EnergyFunding Acquisition,EU CoordinationBasic Principles Energy,Project Energy, inter alia

DEPARTMENT IIEducation, Sports, Social AffairsFirst MayorKonrad Seigfried

DEPARTMENT IIIBuilding, Technology, EnvironmentMayorHans Schmid

Staff FunctionStaff FunctionStaff Function

Revision Organisation und

Staff Finances Housing Art and Culture Movies, Media and

Tourism

Ofce Lord Mayor

Governance

Interdisciplinary

coordination

Puplic transport,

environmental protection

Active Citizenship Safety and Order Citizen´s support Education, Family, Sports

Advisory Service Building Urban Planning and

Surveying Construction and

Building Management Civil Engeneering and

Green Spaces Technical Services

Coordination of the sustainability aims

Figure 6: P s nt st u tu o dminist tion t p o ss o o g niz tion, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g



m mb s o th »p oj t st ing g oup« th m yo , h ds o th on n dd p tm nts nd th p oj t m n g .

This p in ipl w s lso ollow d du ing th o g nis tion o th o m building l wd p tm nt nd building dminist tion to th » itiz ns building bu u« in 2000.Th on pt o »on -stop building s vi s« ollows th int g tion p in ipl odi nt t sk s.

at th s m tim , th o m o g nis tion st u tu w s h ng d to f t hi hywith m n g m nt l v l nd s v l t ms without division m n g s.

Political constitutiona o ding to st t l w (b d n-wü tt mb gis h G m ind v ssung), thmuni ip l oun il is th m in politi l body o ity nd is l t d by th itiz ns.Th ity oun ils h v to t nti ly ind p nd nt om th muni ip l dminist tiono th m yo . Th oun il m tings publi . e h ity oun ils who is not bi s dh s th ight to sp k, p opos motion nd vot . u th mo , th muni ip loun il n d m nd to mov t in issu s on th g nd i on ou th o th ityoun ilssuppo ts th qu st (§ 34 abs. 1 G m ind o dnung/ G mO).

Th muni ip l oun il o Ludwigsbu g h s 40 m mb s. It is h i d by th Lo dM yo , W n Sp (no p ty li tion), who w s di tly l t d in 2003 nd g in2011 o t m o ight y s.

Parties Seats raction in %ch istli h D mok tis h Union D uts hl nds (cDU) 10 24,80Sozi ld mok tis h P t i D uts hl nds (SPD) 8 18,73

i Wähl 7 17,82Bündnis 90/Di G ün n 7 17,48

i D mok tis h P t i ( DP) 4 9,79LUBU (List Un bhängig Bü g inn n Und Bü g ) 2 5,32DIe LINKe 1 3,66Di r publik n (reP) 1 2,41

Figure 7: P ti s o muni ip l oun il nd s ting, Sou : city o Ludwigsbu g, pi tu H T

Participation strategies, involvement o interest groupsIn 2002, study g oup »aK Klim « ( lim t p ot tion nd n gy) w s ound d th th d d v lop d om lo l ag nd 21 tiviti s in Ludwigsbu g. In b u y 2003, ito g niz d th 1. Ludwigsbu g en gi in ot g (1st Ludwigsbu g n gy in o m -tion d ys) with p s nt tions, xhibitions, in o m tion nd tions th t nt d on

n gy s ving. Sin th v nt won n w d o th st t o B d n-Wü tt mb g, itis p t d nnu lly. u th mo , th study g oup do um nt d oll tion o b stp ti s in n gy i n y.

exp ts nd int st d itiz ns om di nt b kg ounds p t o th aK Klim ,su h s th l st t own s sso i tion »H us und G und«, n gy suppli s,th sol initi tiv , th y ling initi tiv nd m ny oth s. In 2004, hit ts ndngin s o th wo king g oup ound d th »B ub tung en gi «, -o - h gdviso y s vi o hom own s o d by volunt s. It d v lop d into th lo ln gy g n y Lea .V., th t w s ound d in Nov mb 2006 s non-p o t sso i-tion. It o s s vi s o th nti ounty nd w s o- n n d by th st t oB d n-Wü tt mb g du ing th st th y s. B sid s th ounty o Ludwigsbu g,

its m mb s 11 muni ip liti s, n gy suppli s, own nd t n nt sso i tions,th sol initi tiv Ludwigsbu g, p iv t nt p is s nd th housing sso i tionWBL.



M mb s o aK Klim involv d in th muni ip l d ision-m king nd p ti ip -tion p o ss s o , o x mpl , th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy o th dist i t n gyon pt o »H t n k Höh «.

en gy w s n impo t nt subj t du ing th utu on n s. a wo king g oup» onomy nd n gy« m g d om th itiz n p ti ip tion p o ss o th dist i td v lopm nt pl n N k w ihing n. Tog th with lo l tsm n nd n gy

onsult nts, it o g niz d th »1. N k w ihing en gi und Umw ltm ss « (1stn gy nd nvi onm nt i N k w ihing n) in 2008. Th wo king g oup g vm ny inputs on n gy nd s t go ls su h s th n g ti imp ov m nt o lo lmuni ip l buildings. Th s go ls will b onsid d o utu dminist tivtions in N k w ihing n nd oth dist i ts.

Du ing th d v lopm nt o th citywid en gy St t gy, omp h nsiv itiz np ti ip tion took pl :

n r gul xp t monito ing by p s nt tiv s o Lea, aK Klim , en g tikom,muni ip l n gy suppli (SWLB) nd ity dminist tion, s i n s,

n roundt bl dis ussion« on M y 18th 2010 with mo th n 50 xp ts om thbusin ss wo ld, o g niz tions nd lo l st k hold s. Dis ussion, nh n m ntnd ss ssm nt o t logu o m su s b s d on th th m ti i lds in thcitywid en gy St t gy,

n utu on n n gy« on July 9th/10th 2010 with 70 to 90 itiz ns. P limi-n y sults nd impl m nt tion possibiliti s.

By in o po ting th subj t o » lim t p ot tion nd n gy« into th U b nD v lopm nt St t gy nd into th dminist tiv st u tu , it g in d p ti ulimpo t n . as m tt o ou s , it h s b om vit l p t o th politi l dis us-sion nd is oss-link d to oth th m s ( o x mpl , mobility, onomy). en gyp oj ts mutu lly ompl m nt h oth o ding to th st t gi go ls (sh pt 5). In th ld o lim t p ot tion nd n gy, impo t nt impuls s o thdminist tion om om itiz n p ti ip tion nd ivi omittm nt, whi h is goodp mis o impl m nt tion.

Sin 2004, subdivision »Bü g s h tli h s eng g m nt« (a tiv citiz n-ship) xists within th ity dminist tion. This ont t point ts s b ok ndonsult nt o volunt y s vi s whil oss-linking th lds o du tion, ultu ,nvi onm nt nd ology. It lso t k s o itiz ns wo king g oups wh n dist i td v lopm nt pl ns b ing wo k d out.

om th u b n d v lopm nt p o ss s, th city o Ludwigsbu g on lud sth t itiz n p ti ip tion is son bl nd ss nti l inst um nt th t h s to b

ultiv t d.

16 BacKGrOUND


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/subc-ludwigsburg 17/72eNerGY aND cO2 BaLaNce 17

0en gy nd cO2 B l nEnergy production and energy supply

Th muni ip l n gy supply omp ny St dtw k Ludwigsbu g-Ko nw sth im GmbH(SWLB) w s ound d in 1858 to p ovid g s o lighting. In 1860, th muni ip lity oLudwigsbu g took ov th op tion nd d liv d g s nd w t , sin 2006 lsol t i ity. Tod y, th omp ny h s 200 mploy s. SWLB h s m in d ity-own domp ny o 150 y s – in ont st to m ny oth muni ip l n gy suppli s.

Du ing th l st t n y s, th s op o un tions o n gy supply omp ni s ineu op h s h ng d d m ti lly du to glob liz tion, th dit un h nd lim th ng . Within sho t tim , th sponsibiliti s o SWLB h v not bly xp nd d. Sinit m g d with th n gy supply omp ny o n ighbou ing town (Ko nw sth im)in 2008, its t hm nt xp nd d to 180,000 inh bit nts. SWLB now d liv sl t i ity, w t /s w g , dist i t h ting, but lso o s ont ting nd s vi s(SWLB 2010).

SWLB is n own -op t d muni ip l nt p is th t -inv sts its p o ts lo lly ndlso i s l so i l sponsibility. o x mpl , it suppo ts on pts o n gy

i nt buildings tog th with th lo l n gy g n y Lea by o ing in dth mog phy o buildings, v n though this n ows its p o ts.

SWLB owns t n og n tion pl nts nd tw lv h ting pl nts, on wood hip h tingpl nt, g s u lling st tion, w st g s pl nt, six publi swimming pools, sk tingink nd n inn ity p k (SWLB 2009: 1).

In Nov mb 2009, SWLB op n d th l g st wood hip d Orc og n tion pl ntin B d n-Wü tt mb g. With n l t i pow o 2.1 MW, this »mil ston « p odu s10,000 MWh l t i ity nd 48,000 MWh h t om biom ss. It ov s 70% o thqui d dist i t h ting n gy nd suppli s 3,000 hous holds. By using 42,000 tons

o gion lly p odu d wood hips nnu lly, th pl nt s v s 18,000 tons o cO2. Withtot l osts o 16 million eu os, th pl nt is th l g st inv stm nt o SWLB so .

SWLB’s lo l g s dist ibution n two k is onn t d to th st t g s n two k (en giB d n-Wü tt mb g aG enBW) by th d s. enBW is th thi d l g st n gyp ovid in G m ny. It d liv s g s o Ludwigsbu g nd Ko nw sth im, but lsoo th n ighbou ing muni ip liti s. Th n two k is p t o th s l s t ito y o thomp ni s G sv so gung Südd uts hl nd GmbH nd eNI G s & Pow D uts hl ndS.P.a.: GVS-eNI (W bsit SWLB). In 2013, SWLB will t k ov th op tion o thlo l l t i ity n two k, u th d t ils will b d id d in 2011.



Approaches to energy e fciency

Documentation and benchmarkingo mo th n 20 y s, th ity o Ludwigsbu g ng g s in qu stions o n gy poli ynd pow supply. Th st n gy st t gy w s dopt d by th muni ip l oun il in1988. Sin th n, v i ty o m su s h v b n impl m nt d, su h s n int nsi -tion o dist i t h ting in th inn ity nd onn tion o muni ip lly-own d buildings

to th pip lin , imp ov m nt o ost i n y by optimizing th utiliz d p iti s oxisting h ting st tions nd onst u tion o ombin d h t nd pow pl nt, oss-linking o xisting h ting st tions, t o tting o n gy-int nsiv buildings, t .

In th y 2007, th s v nth n gy po t o th city o Ludwigsbu g w s publish d(St dt Ludwigsbu g 2007). It st t s th t th n gy onsumption o muni ip lly own dbuildings nd iliti s m in d onst nt o mo th n t n y s, but ould not bd s d. Th g owing n gy osts oot d in high is s in p i s o h ting (moth n 40%) nd l t i ity ( ound 10%). Th o , u th inv stm nt in buildings nd

iliti s is n ss y.

Th po t omp s Ludwigsbu g’s n gy onsumption with oth G m n ommuni-ti s in g d to s vings, us g nd osts. S v l ity omp isons ( o x mplImmobil B n hm king, eu op n en gy aw d) h v shown th t, in g n l,Ludwigsbu g’s n gy onsumption is b low v g .

Ludwigsbu g is m mb o th clim t alli n nd th o ommitt d to ontinuousdu tion o g nhous missions. clim t alli n m mb s im o du ing th i

cO2 missions by 10% v y v y s. an impo t nt mil ston is h lving th p pitmissions by 2030 t l t st ( om 1990 b s lin ) (Klim bündnis 2007). u th mo ,Ludwigsbu g pl ns to join th cov n nt o M yo s.

By ss ssing th p s nt situ tion using n w d t ( l t i ity, h ting nd t nspo t), st b n hm k n b n st blish d ( omp » ss ssm nt o th d v lopm nt t nd«

in h pt 3).

Th n gy i n y st nd ds o n w buildings in Ludwigsbu g not high th nth b n hm ks o n tion l l w. Th is no muni ip l oun il o d th t l ly d n s t g t v lu o cO2 du tion.

Energetikom – Centre or energy competence and eco-designThis lo l nd gion l f gship p oj t (en g tikom .V.) op n d doo s in Jun2009. Th nt is publi -p iv t think t nk th t p omot s innov tiv p oj ts onlim t p ot tion nd n gy i n y. It ims o b inging tog th st k hold som th lds o n gy s ving, i n y t hnology, n w bl n gy sou s

nd o-d sign. Th nt , mong oth things, builds on tiviti s o lo l ag nd21 g oups, o th muni ip l building nd n gy dviso y s vi s (B ub tungen gi BBe) nd o th lo l n gy g n y Lea .V.

en g tikom o s in o m tion nd onsulting o building own s nd n gy us s.It p ovid s guid n o pl nning, n n ing nd impl m nting n gy m su s. atth s m tim , en g tikom suppo ts th city o Ludwigsbu g in impl m nting thn gy m su s o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy nd in d v loping gion ln gy lust .

en g tikom’s m in lds o tivity :

n In o m tion nd onsulting: tog th with Lea nd oth lo l p tn s ( ngin s,building i ms nd b nks) »on -stop- g n y« o p iv t nd omm i l build ssh ll b st blish d. advi o h ph s o n n gy m su is p ovid d undon oo .

18 eNerGY aND cO2 BaLaNce

Wood hip h ting pl nt in Ludwigsbu g,

pi tu s: S hu h t, H T



n edu tion nd t ining: Du to skills sho t g s th is g t gion l d m nd oqu li i d dv n d t ining. This g p is los d by in o po ting th »ak d mi dIng ni u « om Ost ild n (essling n) into th nt , p iv t suppli o dv n dt ining o ngin s.

n coop tion nd n two king: By b inging tog th lo l, gion l nd int n tion lto s on v ious l v ls, n gy qu stions n b pp o h d in n int dis i-

plin y w y, innov tiv p oj ts n b initi t d nd sust in bl u b n d v lop-

m nt n b p omot d.n r s h nd d v lopm nt: Th xisting s h institutions in th gion show

g t int st in oop ting in th i lds o » n gy t hnology/ n gy supply/nvi onm nt p ot tion«. Th nt m y s v s pl t o m o th m ti wo kingg oups o th n ighbou ing i ms nd univ siti s.

Integrated energy concept

Citywide Energy StrategyLudwigsbu g’s citywid en gy St t gy (ceS) h s b n d v lop d by th Instituto en gy e onomi s nd th r tion l Us o en gy (Ier) t Stuttg t Univ sity.In joint pilot p oj t und d by th st t o B d n-Wü tt mb g, th ppli tiono digit l h t m p w s t st d nd itywid n gy on pt o h t supply w sd v lop d. Oth wo k p k g s o us d on l t i ity nd t nspo t nd w und dby th G m n d l Minist y o th envi onm nt, N tu cons v tion nd Nu lS ty (BMU) in th ou s o th N tion l clim t Initi tiv .

Th citywid en gy St t gy giv s p io ity to holisti , itywid p sp tiv . H t,l t i ity nd th t nspo t s to w n lyz d in g d to th i p s nt nd utuont ibution to n gy i n y, pot nti l o n w bl s, nd lim t p ot tion. ThceS do s not ont in sp i b n hm ks but is lign d with th go ls o th U b nD v lopm nt St t gy. r sults nd p opos d m su s w dis uss d du ing thitiz n p ti ip tion p o ss.

Th go l is to d v lop n int g t d st t gy o n gy i n y nd lim tp ot tion in Ludwigsbu g. By n lyzing th n gy syst m o n nti ity, v iousxisting m su s nd t hnologi s n b omp d nd v lu t d in g d toost i n y. Th guiding obj tiv s sp i d within th U b n D v lopm ntSt t gy.

energythink tank

supportingpillars

target group/ user

ENERGETIKOMenergy competence and eco-design

i n f o r m a

t i o n

a d v i c e

a p p r e n

t i c e s h

i p ,

e d u c a

t i o n ,

p r o

f e s s i o n a

l t r a

i n i n g

c o - o

p e r a

t i o n

n e

t w o r k

i n g

r e s e a r c

h a n

d

d e v e

l o p m e n

t

start-ups, companies, architects, consulting engineers, craftsmen,nancial institutes

information/ advice centre for private, commercial constructorsand energy consumers by the further development of the“Energy Agency Ludwigsburg” towards a one-stop agency

economic facilities and institutions cities and municipalities from the region

Figure 8: St u tu o en g tikom, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g int g t d n gy on pt


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/subc-ludwigsburg 20/7220 eNerGY aND cO2 BaLaNce

Potentials o renewables in city and region

Renewable energy sources in the City o Ludwigsburg and in the Stuttgart regionIn t ms o n gy i n y, th city o Ludwigsbu g nnot b x min d in isol tion.It is p t o th Stuttg t m t opolit n gion, whi h is moto o g owth withinG m ny nd eu op . Th gion is highly u b niz d nd h s st ong onomi links,whi h l ds to in s d fows o t . at th s m tim , lso u l s bo d to

th city o Ludwigsbu g. Th qu stion is how ity nd gion n qu lly b n t omn n gy supply th t is b s d on n w bl s. Th im o th pot nti l n lysis w s tond out th s op o n w bl n gy o l t i ity nd h ting g n tion o thcity o Ludwigsbu g ( p. Ier 2011:5).

Renewables potentials or heating in LudwigsburgIn 2009, th substudy »r n w bl s pot nti ls o h t supply« h s b n ondu t ds p t o th citywid en gy St t gy. It inv stig t s how n w bl s nont ibut to Ludwigsbu g’s h t onsumption.

In 2007, 4.8 GWh w g n t d om n w bl s. Th l g p t o h t(3.6 GWh) w s p odu d om wood. Sol nd g oth m l h t tog th p ovid dound 1.2 GWh. comp d to th ity’s tot l h t d m nd o ound 906 GWh, h tom n w bl s ont ibut d bout 0.5% in 2007 ( omp Ier 2009: 17). Du to

th onst u tion o th n w wood hip h ting pl nt, th tion in s d to 6%(55 GWh).

Th u nt n w bl s pot nti l mounts to ound 203 GWh in th ity o Ludwigs-bu g. Th t m ns th t 22.5% o th tot l h t d m nd o 906 GWh (2007) ouldb p ovid d by n w bl n gy sou s. This tion ould in s to 28% until

Module HEAT (1)

e x p e r t c o m m

i s s

i o n

p u p

l i c p a r t i c

i p a

t i o n

OVERALL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PROTECTION STRATEGY in Ludwigsburg - Module (5)

Module ELECTRICITY (2)

Module INDUSTRY-NETWORK (3)

Module TRANSPORT (4)

Potential, measures, economics, costs, actors

Determination of Goals (energy efciency, renewable energies, CO2-reduction, other environmental effects,

rate of self-supply)

- Heat Register LB -

Status quo heat consumptionand production, climate andenvironmental effects, potentialand use of renewable energies

- Electricity Balance LB -

Status quo power consumptionand production, climate andenvironmental effects, potentialand use of renewable energies

Status quo fuel and energyconsumption in transport,climate and environmentaleffects, use and production ofalternative fuel

- Strategy Heat -Identication, effectivity,implementation, actors, costs,nancing of measures in theheat sector

- Strategy Electricity -Identication, effectivity,implementation, actors, costs,nancing of measures in theelectricity sector

- Strategy Mobility -Identication, effectivity,implementation, actors, costs,nancing of measures in themobility sector

- Climate Balance / Transport LB -

- Goals and scenarios -

Figure 9: Op tion l s h m o th n gy nd lim t p ot tion st t gy Ludwigsbu g, sou : Ier 2009



2025 i imp ov m nt in i n y nd 20% du tion o th h t d m nd t kpl (Ier 2009). Sol h t h s th high st pot nti l ( bout 164 GWh), ollow d bywood nd g oth m l n gy (both 16 GWh). Th xisting pot nti ls u ntly notd qu t ly xploit d – sp i lly th onsid bl sol th m l pot nti l. Th o ,h t g n tion om n w bl s should b xt nd d g du lly in Ludwigsbu g.

By xt nding th ss ssm nt o wood pot nti ls to th su ounding ounty

(L ndk is Ludwigsbu g), th h t g n t d by wood ombustion ould ugm ntom 16 GWh to 158 GWh. exp nding g oth mi us om 1% o th s ttl m nt to 5% would sult in 80 GWh o p odu d h t inst d o 16 GWh. altog th ,

tot l pot nti l o 410 GWh w s l ul t d. Thus, 45% o n ssum d onst nt tot ld m nd o 906 GWh ould b ov d by n w bl s. I th d m nd w nt b k by20% until 2025, v n ov g o 56.5% would b possibl (Ier 2009:41).

0

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164.2

Solar heat

P o

t e n

t i a l H e a

t S u p p

l y

[GWh/a]

Geothermical,total

78.8

Wood

158.6

Straw

4.2

Energy crop.(biogas)

1.6

Biowaste +animal excrement

1.2

Expandable overall potential of heat supply,based on user energy: 408,6 GWh th

Figure 10: ext nd d pot nti l o n w bl s o h ting, sou : Ier 2009 41

0

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78.8

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(4 per plant)

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53.4

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2.8

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0.7

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(biogas)

0.7

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27.3

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P o

t e n

t i a l E l e

c t r i c i t y G

e n e r a

t i o n

[GWh]

Expandable overall potential of electricity generation,based on renewable energy: 162,9 GWh

Figure 11: ext nd d pot nti l l t i ity (wood pot nti ls on ounty l v l), sou : Ier 2010 b



Electricity in LudwigsburgTh l t i ity onsumption in 2007 w s 430 GWh/ . Th m in onsum s ppli n s nd lighting with 29%, ollow d by indust y with 26.3%, t d / ommwith 22.5% nd l t i ity o h ting nd w m w t with 14.9%. Th h tingpumps lon ont ibut 3% o th tot l l t i ity onsumption. Th publi s tol t i ity onsumption is 2.9%, st t lighting 1.4% ( omp Ier 2010 ).

Th Ier study l ul t d n xt nd d pot nti l o th p odu tion o l t i ity. Itounts o ddition l wood pot nti ls on ounty l v l, s th pot nti l within ity

bo d s would not b nough. Photovolt i h s th high st pot nti l (78 GWh/ ),ollow d by wood (53 GWh/ ) nd hyd opow (27.3 GWh/ ).

Transport

In th y 2005, th t nspo t s to ount d o ound 20% o th n gy- l t dmissions o g nhous g s s in G m ny, wh o 93% w nt b k to t(UN ccc 2007). app oxim t ly 30% o t - l t d bon missions us dby int n l ity t (Umw ltbund s mt 2009). a study (Zimm / its h 2008) th td ws om v ious sou s, mongst oth s, om th 2006 TreMOD study o thG m n d l envi onm nt ag n y (Umw ltbund s mt), on lud s th t th ont i-bution o t to cO2 missions h s v n in s d by 3% b tw n 1990 nd 2004– in ont st to th t nd o oth s to s.

In Ludwigsbu g, 78% o t nspo t l t d missions us d by individu l moto t , 13.3% by t u ks, 5.4% by t to s nd 2.8% by bus s (Ier 2010 ). a t

p iv t hous holds (45%), t nspo t is th s ond l g st onsum o n l n gywith 28% (Ier 2010:10).

Th o , t nspo t is u i l o th go l o n n gy i nt ity nd onstitut s nss nti l ompon nt o th citywid en gy St t gy. On th b sis o v ious st tisti sIer id nti d sh o only 7.4% n w bl s (bio- n gy) in th t nspo t s to ,wh s di s l mounts to 42.7% nd p t ol to 49.9%. 46.8 GWh w onsum dom n w bl s, 268.4 GWh om di s l nd 313.9 GWh om p t ol. at p s nt,

Ludwigsbu g still highly d p nds on ossil u ls (Ier 2010: 30).

Th mod l split o Ludwigsbu g, th t m ns th s p tion o tot l p son t ips intoth mod s o t v l us d, is s ollows: o ding to mod l l ul tion om 2003(2009), individu l moto t h s sh o 50% (-1.2%), p d st i ns 19.9%(-0.1%), publi t nspo t 11.2% (+2.2%) nd y lists 9.7% (+1.0%). Th v lu s


Circulation pumps3.0%

Householdappliances,lighting29.0%

Street lighting1.4%

Businesstrade22.5%

Municipaladministration

2.9%

Industry26.3%

Heat current /hot water

14.9%

Figure 12: el t i ity onsumption Ludwigsbu g (2007) in kWh/ , sou : Ier 2010



only l t to int n l lo l t ; th w s no ommuting d t v il bl . comp dto l ul tions om 1997/2001, th 2003 mod l onsid d 95,000 ddition l t ips,whi h qu ls n in s o 12.5%. 35,000 o th ddition l t ips don by ,n in s o mo th n 8%. at th s m tim , ddition l t ips t v ll d with publit nspo t in s d by 23,000 (30.7%), by bik by 17,500 (25.7%) nd by oot by22,500 (14.8%). In p ti ul , y ling still l ly o s pot nti ls.

vehicles kilometers travelled energy consumption CO2 emissions1,000 % Mio. km % TJ % 1,000 t %

Moto bik s 3.537 6.6 9.82 1.3 12.5 0.6 0.89 0.6c s 47.440 88.4 676.79 90.3 1,738.3 76.8 119.08 77.9T u ks 1.781 3.3 45.88 6.1 317.1 14.0 20.31 13.3T to 0.567 1.1 10.36 1.4 129.5 5.7 8.28 5.4Bus s n oth s 0.336 0.6 7.04 0.9 67.3 3.0 4.31 2.8Sum 53.661 100.0 749.89 100.0 2,264.7 100.0 152.87 100.0

th o : u l 1,130.1 49.9di s l 966.2 42.7bio u ls 168.4 7.4

Figure 13: Kilom t s t v ll d, n gy onsumption nd cO2 missions o moto v hi l s gist d in

Ludwigsbu g in th y 2007, sou : Ier 2010

Measures in the transport sectorcommun l mobility m su s o th du tion o cO2, NOX, dust p ti l s nd noismissions nt d on:

n y lingn mobility m n g m nt o nt p is sn publi t nspo tn individu l t in nois tion pl nn oth m tt sn eU-p oj tsn st i tiv m su s

In g d to y ling, tiviti s on nt t on: losing g ps in th bik p th n two k,bik p king iliti s, sign g nd m k ting. This should l d to sing o ong s-tion, diminish th mount o t d iving ound in s h o p king sp ndimp ov th qu lity o st y. Imp ov m nt n b m su d by th l ngth o th bikp th n two k nd by th p opo tion o p son t ips don by bik .

In Ludwigsbu g, bus s vi s p ovid d by th Ludwigsbu g V k h slini n (LVL)

nd p iv t op to , Z ih . Du to t hni l upg ding, 60% o th v hi l s omplywith nvi onm nt l st nd ds (“g n mission b dg ”). Som o th bus s v nst y b low th mission limits s th y quipp d with eu o 5 moto s. addition lly,p ity bottl n ks du d by th h lp o bus t il s in ost- i nt, non-pol-

luting nd p ss ng - i ndly w y (W bsit Ludwigsbu g V k h slini n 2010).

Final energy consumption and CO2 balance

Final energy consumption and current use o renewable energy sourcesTh tu l n gy onsumption in Ludwigsbu g w s 2,244 GWh in 2007. This qu lsn v g o 25,700 kWh/ p itiz n, wh o 11,600 kWh/ di t onsump-

tion with 2,300 kWh/ o l t i ity. D du ting d vi tions o h t onsumption duto w m o old wint s l ds to n djust d v lu o n l n gy onsumptiono 2,398 GWh/ (Ier 2010).



el t i ity onsumption in Ludwigsbu g is 366 GWh/ , wh o th n w bl spot nti l is 31%. Th tot l h t d m nd is 905.7 GWh/ , wh o th n w bl spot nti l is 22% (Ier 2009, 2010). P iv t hous holds ount o th high stp opo tion o n l n gy onsumption (45%), ollow d by t (28%), omm /t d (13%) nd indust y (12%). Muni ip l p op ti s mount to p opo tion o 2%(Ier 2010).

»Wh n onsid ing th ddition l us o n gy o th p odu tion o l t i itynd dist i t h ting, th tu l n gy onsumption v lu o Ludwigsbu g slightlyin s s to 2,316 GWh/ . On ou th is p ovid d by h ting oil nd u ls, 29% byg s nd ound 18% by l t i ity. about 3% o th us d n gy in Ludwigsbu g isdi tly ov d by n w bl s. In luding 2.5% o pu h s d g n l t i ity l dsto tion o n w bl s o 5.7% in 2007« (Ier 2010 ).

CO2 balanceIn 2006, bout 592 kt o cO2/ w mitt d in Ludwigsbu g. In 2007, it w s539 kt cO2/ ; th v lu djust d to h nging w th onditions is 576 kt cO2/(Ier 2010). B tw n 2006 nd 2007, missions d s d du to n gy s vingm su s nd shi t in th n gy supply st u tu tow ds low- bon n gy

i s. also, cO2 int nsity o l t i ity h s d opp d.

On v g , h itiz n o Ludwigsbu g mitt d 6.2 t cO2 p y , omp d to m n o 6.6 t cO2/ on st t l v l (B d n-Wü tt mb g) nd o 9.2 t cO2/ onn tion l l v l. Ludwigsbu g is b low st t v g b us o two sons. On onh nd, h dly ny n gy-int nsiv indust i s su h s h mi l o m t l indust yn b ound h . On th oth , mo m su s o n gy i n y h v b n

impl m nt d (Ier 2010).

Th m in mitt s p iv t hous holds (45%) nd th t nspo t s to (28%). Ing d to n gy i s, h ting oil nd ossil u ls domin ting s th y ounto 29% sp tiv ly 28% o th cO2 missions.

G s ont ibut s 20% nd l t i ity 18%. B o th n w wood- d pow st tionh s b n put into op tion, th cO2 missions onn t d with th p odu tion odist i t h ting w 4% (Ier 2010 :3 ).

C u r r e n

t d e m a n

d L u

d w

i g s b u r g

PotentialRenewable Energy:approx. 31% ofcurrent demand

H e a

t d e m a n

d L u

d w

i g s b u r g

0

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400

366.0

Spaceheating

0

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400

600

800

1000[GWh/a] [GWh/a]

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720.1

117.5

68.1

PotentialRenewable Energy:approx. 22% ofheat demand

Figure 14: Pot nti l sh o n w bl s in th l t i ity nd h ting d m nd o Ludwigsbu g, Ier 2010: 18



Scenarios o the Citywide Energy Strategy

BAU scenarioTh st s n io o th du tion o cO2 missions w s l ul t d on th b sis ou nt n tion l nd st t n gy nd lim t poli i s. This n o busin sss usu l (BaU) s n io is b s d on sults om n n gy p ognosis p oj t th tIer Stuttg t, rWI ess n nd ZeW M nnh im i d out o th G m n d lMinist y o e onomi s nd T hnology (BMWi) in 2009. Th s n io in lud sm su s on eU l v l su h s mission t ding nd th Bio u ls Di tiv , onn tion l l v l su h s G m n l w nd o din n s on n w bl n gy nd n gys ving (e n u b en gi n G s tz eeG, en gi insp v o dnung eneV, e n u -b -en gi n-Wä m g s tz eeWä m G), nd on st t l v l su h s tion pl ns on gy- i nt nov tion o buildings.

It lso ounts o th n w Orc biom ss og n tion pl nt, o th xt nsion oth dist i t h ting n two k to th e st n p t o th ity nd H t n k Höh ,nd o g oth m l h t supply o th dist i t Sonn nb g. in lly, th d mog phid v lopm nt o Ludwigsbu g - th numb o hous holds is p ognos d to g ow until2030 nd th n d s to 45,600 until 2050 - w s in o po t d, too.

In th BaU s n io, n gy onsumption in Ludwigsbu g d s s by 16% untilth y 2030 nd by 32% until 2050. Until 2050, th high st s vings obt in din th t nspo t s to (39%), ollow d by p iv t hous holds (34%), indust y (25%)nd ity dminist tion (20%). Th low st s vings xp t d in th t d ndomm s to (18%).

el t i ity onsumption in s s by 14% o 60 GWh in th BaU s n io. at ths m tim , muni ip l l t i ity p odu tion in s s om 33 GWh in 2007 to 45GWh in 2030 nd 51 GWh in 2050, so th t l t i ity impo t g ows slow th nl t i ity onsumption.

Th tot l sh o n w bl n gy in luding g n l t i ity in s s om 5.7%to 19.4% in 2030 nd 31% in 2050. Th o sponding cO2 missions d op omu ntly 240g/k/Wh l to 165g/k/Wh l in 2030 nd 62g/k/Wh l in 2050.

co spondingly, th p pit missions d s om 6.2 t cO2/ to 4.4 t cO2/ in2030 nd 3.0 t cO2/ in 2050. This m ns 30% du tion until 2030 – b low tht g t o 50% s t by th clim t alli n .

Figure 15: cO2 b l n nd s o onsumption, Ier 2010: 13

Business,trade, ...13%

Industry12%

Municipal administration2%

Households45%

Transport28%

Figure 16: cO2 b l n 2007, dist ibution o n gy i s, Ier 2010: 12

Electricity18.2%

District heating4.4%

Fuel oil28.7%

Motor fuels28.4%

Carbon0.3%

Domestic gas20.1%



Measures or urther CO2 reductions – »With Measures Scenario« (WMS)as th BaU s n io did not l d to th d si d mount o cO2 du tion, u thm su s h d to b id nti d. Th y w d v lop d by n xp t ommissionin luding muni ip l p s nt tiv s, ngin s nd s i ntists. Th Ier p opos d t logu o m su s th t w s dis uss d nd p io itiz d du ing ound t bl withu th xp ts nd p s nt tiv s o p o ssion l o g niz tions. Subs qu ntly, thm su s w p s nt d du ing » utu on n « wh itiz ns ss ss d

th m s w ll. This p o ss l d to nking o p io iti s o th 32 m su s. Tht logu o m su s is divid d in v s o tivity: (1) G n l m su s, (2)

cu nt, (3) el t i ity, (4) Mobility nd (5) r n w bl n gy supply.

Th t logu o m su s o m d th b sis o l ul ting »With M su sS n io« (WMS). all m su s sh ll b d id d upon by th muni ip l oun il.Impl m nt tion is sup vis d by th muni ip l m n g m nt syst m (s h pt 5).

Th t logu o m su s w s vi w d in th ons utiv st ps:

n estim t o cO2 du tions o h m su du ing p oj t untim , umul t d o20 y s, nd o th y 2030. Th sp tiv muni ip l osts p y id nti-i d whi h llows o l ul tion o cO2 void n osts. B s d on tod y’s supplynd d m nd st u tu s, p iod o 20 y s w s s l t d. It w s di nti t db tw n non- u ing nd u ing m su s, sp tiv ly initi l unding. Thosts o impl m nt tion o m su s, du tion p og mm s, publi ity nd p oj tm n g m nt w oppos d. cost du tions by d s d h t nd l t i ityonsumption w onsid d (in l tion nd ising n gy p i s not t k n intoount).

n Int g t d s n io n lysis o h o tivity omp d to BaU s n io:Th BaU s n io is b s d on xisting n gy nd lim t poli i s. In th WithM su s S n io, th ts o h o tivity on th d v lopm nt o cO2missions n lyz d. Th int g t d n lysis ounts o cO2 du ing tsl dy in lud d in th BaU s n io s w ll s o ov l pping nd omp ting om su s. Th o , th l ul t d ts sm ll th n th summ d up tso th m su s om st p 1.

n in l xt nd d vi w: b sid s th pot nti ls o cO2 du tion, th i i n yo th ity’s initi l unding, nd th ont ibution to gion l v lu tion win o po t d. In th light o ommun l in n i l st its, i i n y o initi l undingw s ssign d high p io ity th n th oth two it i . In s no l p io ityo m su s volv d, pt n mong itiz ns w s in lud d s d isiv to .o this pu pos , sults om th itiz n p ti ip tion p o ss ( utu on nn gy) w us d.

Analysis o the measures

Th m su s nd th i lignm nt with go ls o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gyhighlight th pot nti ls to du bon missions by n gy s ving, n gy i n ynd n w bl s. Th y ity’s ol is to ondu t, initi t , on ptu liz nd omp nyth impl m nt tion o m su s. M su s with low o n g tiv cO2 void n osts sp i lly tt tiv s du tion o cO2 m y go long with onomi b n ts.

a so- ll d void n ost h t d pi ts th du tion pot nti ls nd th osts o thqu nti bl m su s. Th osts h v to b p id o by th muni ip lity, ith di tlyo indi tly (in luding publi s vi s su h s St dtw k Ludwigsbu g-Ko nw sth im,t .). How v , p ognosis th t qu nti s osts nd du tion pot nti ls is b s d onm ny, p tly un t in ssumptions.

Th void n osts p ton cO2 m su d on th v ti l xis. N g tivv lu s m n n n i l g ins (by n gy s vings). Th ho izont l xis shows th cO2void n pot nti l o h m su o th n xt 20 y s.



at p s nt, Ludwigsbu g mits 539,000 tons cO2 p y . By th d pi t dm su s, this v lu m y b low d by 14% until 2030. Th high st cO2 void npot nti l li s within th t nspo t s to ( bout 28,000 tons until 2030), ollow dby th building s to ( bout 18,000 tons) nd th n w bl n gy s to ( bout16,000 tons).

In th m dium t m, lim t p ot tion m su s n b ombin d with o ts toimp ov qu lity o li nd st ngth n Ludwigsbu g’s position s busin ss lo tion.M su W-04 is lo l n gy i n y st nd d o buildings th t is high th nn tion l n gy s ving l w (eneV) o s s nd n only hi v d t high ddition losts. Th int odu tion o »Ludwigsbu g s l o qu lity« ould b st st p to

t lo l pt n o n gy i nt building.

With Measures ScenarioIn th With M su s S n io (WMS) it is ssum d th t p t o th p opos dm su s will b impl m nt d. Th o , ll lo l st k hold s h v to ommit toth citywid en gy St t gy. I ll m su s w impl m nt d, cO2 missions inLudwigsbu g ould b du d to bout 307 kt in th y 2030 (67 kt l ss th n in thBaU s n io), nd to bout 163 kt in 2050 (74 kt l ss th n in th BaU s n io).

co spondingly, th y ly p pit cO2 missions in Ludwigsbu g will d op om6.2 t (2007) to 3.6 t in th y 2030 nd 2.1 t in 2050. In th long un, Ludwigsbu g

m y hi v th go l o 2.0 t cO2 p pit spi d by th Int gov nm nt l P n lon clim t ch ng (IPcc) o th y 2050. comp d to th situ tion in th y1990 ( bout 7.1 t cO2 p pit nd y ), th WMS’s p ognosis o 3.6 t in 2030 isl dy du tion o 49%. This would m n los -to- ul lm nt o th glob l ll o 50 p nt du tion o bon missions until 2030.

Th du tion o cO2 missions in th WMS will lso t n l n gy onsumptionin Ludwigsbu g. comp d to th y 2007, it will b d s d o mo th n 50p nt in 2050. This ng is t u o busin ss, t d nd ity dminist tion. Thmissions o p iv t hous holds will d op by 59%, whil du tions by indust y ndth t nspo t s to will »only« b 44% nd 45%. al dy in 2030, th WMS n gyonsumption o hous holds nd dminist tion is 20% nd 19% low th n in th

BaU s n io. o busin ss, t d nd s vi s it is 18 %, o indust y 15%. How v ,in th t nspo t s to , n gy onsumption is only 5% low in th WMS th n in thBaU s n io.

0

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C O 2 p e r c a p

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heating oilpetrol

coaldomesticgas

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539 -17% -31% -44% -56%

447

372

303

235

2007 2020 2030 2040 2050

Figure 17: D v lopm nt o cO2 missions in th BaU s n io, sou : Ier 2010



Th WMS o s s g owing p opo tion o n w bl n gy sou s in Ludwigs-bu g. It in s s om 3.2% (2007) to 13.3% in 2030 (BaU: 10.3%) nd 20.4%in 2050 (BaU: 14.2%). Wh n in luding th sh o n w bl s within th volumo pu h s d l t i ity o Ludwigsbu g, th p opo tion is s om 5.7% (2007) to22.3% in 2030 (BaU: 19.4%) nd 36.0% in 2050 (BaU: 31.0%). Th l tt , sm ll ,

in s s show th t d p nd n on pu h s d l t i ity m y lso b diminish d byth m su s d s ib d in th WMS.

Wh s u l oil nd o l l dy o m gin l impo t n in th BaU s n io o2050, in th WMS, lso g s onsumption du s o mo th n 50 p nt omp dto 2007. Th du d n gy d m nd – du to n gy s vings nd g owing sh on w bl s – will sult in d lining g s s l s. B sid s g s nd n w bl s, th WMS

id nti s ossil u ls s l v nt n gy i s in 2050, v n though u l onsump-tion d s s by bout 56% omp d to 2007.

Th sults o th WMS m k l th t th ity o Ludwigsbu g h s m ns to ss tinfu n on th d v lopm nt o n gy onsumption nd supply st u tu s in o dto du bon missions. Th s o tivity within th citywid en gy St t gynd th vis d go ls o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy llows o v ious d g s oimpl m nt tion.

Assessment o the development trend

Th Ludwigsbu g s study h s shown th t th clim t alli n ’s t g t o 50% dcO2 mission du tion until 2030 nnot b hi v d th ough n tion l gul tion inth building nd n w bl n gy s to only (BaU s n io).

Th muni ip liti s h v to t k ddition l m su s to h th go l. as muni ip lly

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

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W-01 energy management of municipal buildings

EE-02 solar thermal district heating

S-02 energy saving for low income householdsS-01 street lighting

0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

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CO2 avoidance measures in the City of Ludwigsburg until 2030

a v o

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[€/t CO2]

[Mio. t CO2]

W-02 nancing instrument for climate protection

W-03 climate protection in schoolsEE-04 use of waste water

EE-07 wind energyEE-05 biogas

S-03 high efciency pumps for heatingW-06 development heat network

S-04 industrialnetwork

EE-03 solar roof programme

M-02 Mobility management

for companies

EE-01 solar Marstall centerM-04 electric vehicles

W-04 energy adviceM-03 mobility advice

M-01 bicycle and pedestrian path network 2020W-05 Ludwigsburg building standard

M-05 implementation of railway system

Figure 18: Pot nti ls o cO2 du tion o m su s nd void n osts p ton cO2, sou : Ier 2010



own d buildings nd s vi s only ont ibut to bout 2% o th ity’s tot l n gyonsumption, th p o ss h s to in lud ll to s, most o ll th itiz ns who us45% o th missions in th building s to nd 28% in t nspo t.

an x mpl y p o ss o st u tu ing th muni ip l dminist tion nd st blishing oss-s to l d p tm nt o sust in bl d v lopm nt l d to n U b n D v lopm nt

St t gy th t in lud s sust in bl n gy us s nt l th m . This d p tm nt

o g niz d p o ss to st blish l b n hm ks o th itywid us o n gy.

Th n w bl n gy pot nti l b s d on tod y’s onsumption is 38% o l t i ity(163 GWh) nd 45% o h ting (408 GWh). Th s sh s l dy in lud gion lbiom ss us . On muni ip l l v l, th pot nti ls du to 22.5% o th tot l h ting

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500[Mio. kWh/a]

statistics

E n

d e n e r g y c o n s u m p

t i o

n

householdstransport

2007BAV WMS

2020BAV WMS

2030BAV WMS

2040BAV WMS

2050

trade, business, …industrie

municipality

Figure 19: in l n gy onsumption by s to s in Ludwigsbu g, With M su s S n io (WMS) omp d to

BaU s n io, sou : Ier 2010

0

80

160

240

320

400

480

560[kt CO2/a] [t/a]

statistics

C O 2 e m

i s s

i o n s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

C O 2 p e r c a p

i t a

heating oil

petrol

2007BAV WMS

2020BAV WMS

2030BAV WMS

2040BAV WMS

2050

coal

demesticgas

current

districtheating

per capita

Figure 20: en gy-indu d cO2 missions by n gy i s in Ludwigsbu g, WMS omp d to BaU, sou :

Ier 2010 12



onsumption o 906 GWh, i. . 203 GWh/ , nd to 27% o n w bl l t i ity ont i-bution to th tot l onsumption o 430 GWh. Only 7.4% o th high n gy us ot nspo t (628 GWh) ov d by bio u ls.

Th s gu s l ly show th t n gy onsumption h s to d s signi ntly tob om lim t -n ut l, s th n w bl pot nti l on muni ip l l v l is not su i nt.In th BaU s n io, n gy onsumption d ops by 16% until 2030 ( omp d to

2007) nd by 32% until 2050.

Only i ddition l m su s impl m nt d ( s p opos d in th WMS), th onsump-tion n b b ought down by n ly 30% until 2030 nd by 50% until 2050. In thiss , th n w bl n gy sh h s 38% o th tot l n gy onsumption o

1,100 GWh. assum d th t ll impo t d l t i ity w s g n l t i ity, th m iningn d o ossil u ls ould b ov d by g s o h ting (350 GWh), u l o t nspo t(250 GWh) nd n gligibl mounts o h ting oil. In th t nspo t s to , onsump-tion only du s by 5% in th WMS omp d to th BaU s n io. This pointstow ds t king mo mbitious m su s in this o tivity. an int ommun lmobility st t gy suppo t d by n tion l t poli i s is qui d h . Y t, eu op nnd n tion l l g l m wo k th t n ou g s n gy s vings nd du tion o bonmissions in th t nspo t s to is still missing. On lo l l v l, it is di ult to d v lopm su s in this ld du to l k o n n i l m ns o o politi l m jo iti s.

Th m ining ossil u l ont ibutions n only b b ought down to z o i :

n th o ts in building h bilit tion t l st doubl d (th Ludwigsbu g n gyi i n y st nd d w s not in lud d in th s n io l ul tion du to high osts)

ndn i th t nspo t s to is ompl t ly modi i d. This s ms to b th n tion l

o eu op n t sk s t nspo t solutions – b it innov tiv mobility on pts ol t i ity o hyd og n b s d moto s – nnot b d v lop d lo lly.

Research in the context o sustainability and energy e fciency

Du ing th l st six y s, Ludwigsbu g h s su ss ully t k n p t in v ious s hnd unding p oj ts on n gy nd lim t , mong oth s, in s v l eU p oj ts.Th ongoing p oj ts m n g d by th oss-s to l d p tm nt o sust in bld v lopm nt. Th y lign d with th go ls o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, ts sou s o inspi tion nd ont ibut to imp ov th itywid n gy i n y.




Urban Development Strategy »Chances for Ludwigsburg« (SEK)Guidelines and goals for 11 topicsMaster plans for the 11 topics, inter alia master plan energy

Sustainable NowFunding: EU programmeIntelligent Energies IITheme: Development of»Local Energy Action Plans«10/2008 - 2011

CASE STUDY »Energy Efcient City Ludwigsburg«Annex 51 of the Internationalen Energy AgencyFunding: Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, 10/2009 - 11/2010

Project in progress Project pending

MOROFunding: Federal Ministryof Transport and UrbanDevelopmentTheme: Spatial DevelopmentStrategies for Climate Change/Pilot City06/2009 - 06/2011

MUSIC(Mitigation and Urbanisation)Funding: INTERREG IVBGrünbühl/ Sonnenberg

Energy Efciency in CompaniesFunding: SustainableStrategy BWPilot Area Weststadt LB

EnergyCityINTERREG IV BDevelopment of GIS-basedgovernance instrument03/2010 - 02/2013

Electro-MobilityFunding: Activity package IITheme: Integrated approachanswers to main questionsconcerning market andtechnology preparation ofelectro-mobility in Germany2009 - 2011

EnSureFunding: INTERREG IV BTheme: Development ofintegrated energy conceptsfor urban districts,focus mobilisation of owners,

stress onOststadt/Schlößlesfeld05/2010 - 04/2013

Eneff:StadtFunding: Ministry ofEconomics and TechnologyTheme: Developmentof an integrated energyconcept (LowEx), urban

district concept, marketingstrategies, transfer of urbandevelopment concepts;11/2010 - 10/2012

Energetikom e.V.Centre of EnergyCompetence andEco-Design

National UrbanDevelopment PolicyFunding: FederalMinistry of Transportand Urban DevelopmentTheme: Concept andstart of Energetikom12/2008 - 12/2009

LivinggreenFunding:INTERREG IVBSustainablerefurbishment ofhistorical buildings

09/2008 - 2013

Citywide Energy Strategy for LBFunding: Ministry ofEnvironment, ClimateProtection InitiativeTheme: Integrated approach,focus on the entire city06/2009 - 06/2010

European Energy AwardFunding: Ministry ofEnvironment BW,Certication system forEuropeCertication: spring 2010

e n

t i

r e

c

i t y

u r

b a n

d i

s t r i

c t

Figure 21: en gy- l t d p oj ts in Ludwigsbu g, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g, rO5


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4 St k hold nd P o ss an lysisResearch questions and stakeholders

Research questionsWhi h to s ost th impl m nt tion o n gy i n y p oj ts in Ludwigs-bu g? Wh t th ttitud s tow ds lim t p ot tion nd its n o m nt mongth l v nt lo l st k hold s? Th s w th initi l qu stions o th st k holdn lysis th t o us d on p s nt tiv s om dminist tion, politi s, th volunts to nd th lo l m di . Whi h b i s nd on ns xist? Whi h st u tu s h lp ul, whi h on s hind ing?

In o d to nsw th s qu stions, st u tu o guid d int vi ws w s d v lop dth t llows o id nti ying hind ing nd ost ing to s. Op n qu stions h lp dto spot un onsid d to s. a t th st th int vi ws h d b n ondu t d,s v l it ms w dd d to th qu stionn i .

Stakeholdersi st o ll, politi l p s nt tiv s nd k y gu s in dminist tion w s l t d.Du ing th o -th - o d onv s tions with th Lo d M yo nd st m mb so th r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung, list o int vi w s w s wo k d out.It p domin ntly ont in d dminist tion x utiv s, o x mpl th h d oth n w d p tm nt, th t su nd th p oj t di to o th d v lopm nt oH t n k Höh . Th h i m n o th ou l g st p ti s in th muni ip l oun il(cDU, SPD, i Wähl nd G ün / Bündnis 90) w sk d o int vi ws, sw ll s p s nt tiv s o l g lo l sso i tions nd int st g oups th t ng g inlim t p ot tion/ n gy i n y ( o x mpl , th own sso i tion »H us undG und«, th sol initi tiv , en g tikom, t .). In two s s, int vi w d oun ilm mb s lso i d out l v nt un tion in noth t go y, whi h w s to din th n lysis. Int vi ws w lso ondu t d with th di to o th muni ip ln gy supply omp ny SWLB nd th d puty dito -in- hi o th lo l n wsp p

Ludwigsbu g K isz itung. altog th , 21 p sons w sk d o n int vi w; 18g d.

This su ssiv p o du do s not built on p s nt tiv n ss o th s mpl , butth on s l tion o int vi w s th t » mb ss do s o sp i institution lont xt« ( li k 2006, p. 112). It ims o g th ing s mu h in o m tion s possiblin g d to on issu .

Methodology

Th n lysis o th int vi ws is b s d on us - t di g mm . This di g mm

( lso ll d Ishik w o shbon di g mm ) is g phi mod l o xpl n to y us sth t l d to n t, sp tiv ly infu n it to signi nt d g . In this w y, ll

to s th t ont ibut to d n d go l (o p obl m) n b id nti d nd int d p n-d n i s n b displ y d.


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Th J p n s s i ntist K o u Ishik w d v lop d th di g mm in th 1940s. Initi lly,it w s us d to d t t nd n lyz qu lity d ts in op tion l p o ss s, but l t thism thod sp d wo ldwid .

Tod y, th Ishik w di g mm is still us d in th busin ss-m n g m nt ont xt toid nti y p odu tion hind n s. But it is lso tool o n lyzing p o ss s in whi hompl x st u tu s ( t ngl o us s nd ts) h v to b visu liz d nd w ight d –

lik in this s study.

Whil Ishik w on n d th m in infu n ing to s to m t i ls, m hin y, m thodsnd p opl , tod y, lso oth to s int odu d to th di g mm .

o th s h t h nd, th int vi w s’ st t m nts nd opinions w d in whilth go l w s d n d s »en gy e i nt city Ludwigsbu g«.

Th 18 p sons who w int vi w d t s lo l d ision-m k s, diss min to so st k hold s in th ld o n gy. It w s di nti t d b tw n int n ls (7) ndxt n ls (10) – k y gu s insid nd outsid o th dminist tion.

The guided interviewTh st u tu o th guid d int vi w w s d v lop d om minut s o th o -th - o donv s tions m ntion d bov . Th notion »p oj t« w s und stood s ny tivity th t

ts th ity’s cO2 missions: om housing, n gy supply nd t to mp igns/

publi l tion, onsult n y nd itiz n p ti ip tion.

Th int vi w s did not sti k to giv n o d o qu stions, but l t oom o op nounting. a o ding to M us (2002, p. 74-77) thos »n tiv p ss g s« o

g t impo t n o th n lysis. Th int vi w st u tu h lp d to imp d x ssivth m ti dig ssion.

ex pt o on , ll int vi ws w ondu t d -to- . Th nsw s w o d din w iting nd omp d t w ds, in s s v l int vi w s h d b n p s nt.

Th op n qu stions nd th visu liz tion ilit t d th h k o ompl t n ss: H vll infu n ing to s b n onsid d? a th qu stions o mul t d to th point?

a o dingly, ddition l to s w id nti d nd onsid d. in lly, th s to sw w ight d o ding to l v n nd infu n on th go l »en gy e i nt cityLudwigsbu g«.

Methods

Use wrong Gears

Drive too fast

Always late

No awareness

Poor training

»When in Rome«

Poor driving habits

Wrong octane gas

No owner’s manual

No owner’s manual

Don’t knowrecommendedOctane

No oil change

Wrong oil

Improper lubrication

Don’t know right oil

Impatience

Poor maintenance

Poor hearing

Fuel mix too rich No Record of the pressure

Underinated tires

Poor design

Difcult Air StemsCarburetor Adjustment

Mech. doesn’tknow correctAdjustmentProcedures

Radio too loud

Can’t hear engine

Machinery

People Materials

Poor Gas Mileage

$

$

Figure 22: Ishik w di g mm on u l onsumption, sou : Ishik w (1986)



o n gy i n y (ee) p oj ts in Ludwigsbu g. This is mo l ly p iv dwithin th ity dminist tion th n by xt n ls. an xt n l points tow ds thmid-l v l o dminist tion by st ssing: »H , you nd xp ts with lot oknow-how«. It is t th t most o th k y positions in dminist tion h ld byp sons who mb ee p oj ts nd dispos o suppo tiv nvi onm nt.

Th ollowing success actors or implementation w m ntion d: Good oop -

tion/n two king mong st k hold s (4), suppo t om th Lo d M yo (3), g owingpoliti l pt n in th muni ip l oun il (3), int g t d pp o h/U b nD v lopm nt St t gy (3). In g d to p oj ts o xt n ls: good publi ity (3). Ondminist tion l l v l: f t hi hi s nd high p son l sponsibility (2), h dso d p tm nts unit d by Lo d M yo /int d p tm nt l unit (2), good t hni lknowl dg (2), itiz n p ti ip tion (2). Singl m ntions in lud d: th n w dminis-t tiv st u tu , good wo k o th dminist tion, g du listi poli y nd mohum n sou s in dminist tion. o singl p oj ts, su ss w s tt ibut dto good ost-b n t tio nd good pl nning. also, th n w dminist tion lst u tu with th oss-d p tm nt l unit r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung w sm ntion d on s to o utu su ss: »st u tu s g n t sust in bility«.Th y nsu th t vision b om s lity in th long un. anoth int vi wd l d th t » ommon will« n b s ns d in th ity.

Barriers to the implementation o EE projects) in n i l st ints nd tight budg ts m ntion d most qu ntly (8). Th yl t to ommun l p oj ts su h s th n gy i nt nov tion o publi buildings.

Y t, this issu h s to b b ought o w d, »oth wis w will hug p obl m somd y«, s n int vi w s id. Du to l k o n n i l m ns, it is lso not lik ly th tth citywid en gy St t gy will b om n inst nt su ss: »This is pi m lpp o h, s w un bl to n n t in m su s«. in n i l vi bility, ndsp i lly p yb k p iods, is g t on n o inv sto s nd building own s. Itis iti iz d th t nt p n u s vou v y sho t p yb k p iods (3 y s) nd th td v lop s m inly o us on p o t bility. u th mo , o hom own s who willingto nov t , th is only littl n n i l suppo t v il bl . Th llow n s o th K dit-nst lt ü Wi d u b u K W (r onst u tion Lo n co po tion) only lo ns, ndth n n i l p ity o own s nd t n nts, who usu lly y p ts o th nov tionosts, is limit d.

b) B i s in lo l politi s: S pti ism in th muni ip l oun il, politi l mino ityo lim t p ot tion go ls nd n inf xibl domin ting politi l mp – th s som o th omm nts on th muni ip l oun il. Out o 18 int vi w s, ight sth p s nt oun il s n ov ll b i to lim t p ot tion poli i s. O ou sit is l th t ommitt th t p s nts 86,000 sid nts nd only h s limit dn n i l m ns nnot ssign top p io ity to n gy i n y. N v th l ss,

m ny st k hold s would vou g owing numb o p oj t pp ov ls nd mot nsp nt d isions.

) B i s l t d to p sons: Without individu l ommitm nt within th itydminist tion, ee p oj ts nnot b impl m nt d, s id n int vi w . Th n wint d p tm nt l unit t s oom o m no uv o this ommitm nt. omtim to tim , th d b t s in th muni ip l oun il » nt on p sons th th non t sks« nd d iv n by st ong v st d int sts (in th muni ip l oun il nddu ing itiz n p ti ip tion), th is l k o infu nti l l d s th t m y t s olmod ls.

d) Th di nt p sp tiv s on st u tu l b i s. On p son thought th t th s

b i s h v b n ov om by th n w r t ü N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung:»Th w no obst l s – this w s st ight su ss sto y«. L k o hum n sou sw s m ntion d twi s b i , how v in g d to th xt n ls’ situ tion. adminis-t tiv b i s w iti iz d in g n l. Sp i lly, it w s point d tow ds th ountyoun il’s ont y position nd l k o d p tm nt l sponsibility on d l nd st t


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l v l. On int vi w ompl in d bout insu i nt oo din tion b tw n th st tminist i s (minist y o th nvi onm nt, minist y o onomi s) nd th eU gul tion ot nd ing p o du s. Thus, it pp s th t th m jo st u tu l b i s outsid thmuni ip lity’s sph o infu n .

Th experiences with other stakeholders du ing th impl m nt tion o p oj ts( itiz ns/ itiz n p ti ip tion, inv sto s, dminist tion: oth d p tm nts, muni ip l

oun il) mostly positiv :

Th Ludwigsbu g pp o h to citizen participation in o ums nd utu on n sis judg d s v y b n i l, v n by th muni ip l oun il. Th oun il m mb s –with on x ption – s itiz n p ti ip tion in quit pl id w y, v n i it l dsto in s d submissions o qu sts. On int vi w s id th t itiz n p ti ip tionis impo t nt in th s ns o »mutu l p ption«. anoth on point d out th t 150utu on n p ti ip nts not p s nt tiv o 80,000 itiz ns.

Th investors w tt st d op n-mind dn ss in g d to ee m su s (9). In thisont xt, th good wo k o th muni ip l n gy suppli w s sp i lly m ntion dth tim s. an int vi w id nti d two m in sons o inv sto s to p ti ip t : )ost s vings b) im g g ins. Som spond d to h v no xp i n s with inv sto snd th o did not m k judg m nt. On int vi w id nti d b i s du ing thonst u tion o th n .

S v n xt n ls p is th administration ’s good oop tion on lim t p ot tionp oj ts. Two int n ls honou th good oop tion b tw n th int d p tm nt lunit nd oth d p tm nts. Th w no n g tiv spons s, only on hint boutint n l di ulti s in st ng nd n n th t h v to b l i d b o p oj t nb impl m nt d.

Th municipal council m mb s hold di ing vi ws. Nin nsw s v lu t d thoun il’s p o m n . ou vot s w giv n to good p o m n (on omm ntmph siz d th xp t knowl dg v il bl ), ou vot s m in d und id d nd onvot w s n g tiv . It s ms th t th subj t o lim t p ot tion h s only g in d in

pt n du ing th l st y s. With W n Sp s th h d o th oun il, mond mo ee p oj ts h v b n dvo t d.

as xp t d, fnancing xp i n s not v y positiv . c t inly, this d p nds onth n tu o th sp tiv p oj t. Th ity, nd th muni ip l n gy suppli , nonly m k l g inv stm nts wh n th y n n d outsid th muni ip l budg t,o x mpl vi sp i l ss ts o dits. N v th l ss, th s sp i l o ms o n n ing( nd th involv d b nks) tho oughly judg d s good. Th is lso on x ption:Th photovolt i syst ms inst ll d by th sol initi tiv njoy high publi on d n

whil h ving no n n i l p obl ms t ll.

all int n ls (7) nd two xt n ls o th int vi w s h v xp i n s with researchand co- unded projects with n tion l nd int n tion l p tn s. S v n p sons (5int n ls, 2 xt n ls) s th m in down ight positiv light. Th y to th ollowingdv nt g s: g in o initi l unding o muni ip l ee p oj ts, x h ng on n tion l ndeU l v l is wo thwhil s it ont ibut s to int n l st u tu l h ng s ( o x mpl , byg tting to know int n tion l b st p ti s du ing th p o ss o d v loping th U b nD v lopm nt St t gy, suppo tiv gum nts ould b d iv d om th m nd us ddu ing oun il d b t s), p obl m-o i nt d n two king, sou o inspi tion.

Mo iti l spons s sso i t n tion l/int n tion l x h ng with » x ssiv

bu u y«, ti d up n n i l nd hum n sou s nd » xt wo k t w h vl dy ound ou own w y«.

a m jo ity t s Ludwigsburg’s per ormance in implementing energy e fcient projectsduring the last 15 years with »good« (9), on p son lso with »v y good«. Two



O ou s this p o du do s not l d to x tly qu nti bl sults, but g n lt nd b om s visibl .

Thi k ows d pi t multipl nsw s, sp tiv ly umul tion o t its. ThIshik w di g mm w s modi d s hind ing to s w int odu d (blu ows).

It w s di nti t d b tw n ou m in infu n ing to s: »p opl «, »st u tu s«,

»inv stm nt lim t /inv sto s/ sou s« nd » nvi onm nt«. In th t go y »p opl «,motiv tion is n impo t nt su ss to . It in lud s individu l motiv tion, xp tis ,n two king nd suppo t by th Lo d M yo . Th missing p io ity o n w bl s is s ns hind ing. In th t go y »st u tu s«, th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, thound tion o th int d p tm nt l unit r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung nd thcitywid en gy St t gy d l d h lp ul, wh s non-muni ip l d ision-m k s,d dlo k d positions in th muni ip l oun il nd un ss tiv oun il d isions onn w bl s s n to h v n imp ding infu n . a positiv inv stm nt lim t

is s n s d iving o in th t go y »inv stm nt lim t /inv sto s/ sou s«.community ound tions, n innov tiv muni ip l n gy suppli nd positivttitud tow ds hi ving n w bl n gy go ls ont ibut to this positiv lim t .On ont y, long p yb k p iods nd n n ing vi th muni ip l budg t pps hind ing. In th t go y » nvi onm nt«, publi suppo t is t d s b n i l; itin lud s itiz n p ti ip tion, itiz ns’ xp tis nd publi ity. Oth s dis g ndm ntion w k publi ity nd th p ti ip tion’s l k o p s nt tiv n ss.

In sum, th us - nd- t di g mm p domin ntly shows suppo ting to s tohi v th go l o n »en gy e i nt city Ludwigsbu g«. N v th l ss, th int vi -

w s w w th t, o « lim t -n ut l ity«, mo omp h nsiv m su s h vto b t k n.

derogatoryconducive

R e f e r e n c e i n t h e

m u n i c i p a l c o u n c i l

expert knowledge

personal motivation

b u s i n e s s

e n v i r o n m e n t

p r i v a t e i n v e s t o r s

persons

total energy concept

restructuring of the department

Urban DevelopmentStrategy SEK

innovativemunicipal utilities

structures

investors/ressources

Energy EfcientCity Ludwigsburgsupporting factors

environment

s t r u c t u r a l s u p p o r t

m o t i v a t i o n f o r r e a l i s a t i o n

p o s i t i v e

i n v e s t m

e n t c

l i m a t e

R E d e

c i s i o n s

n o t a

m b i t i o n

e d h a r d

e n e d

d i s c

u s s i o n

i n t h e m u n

i c i p a l c

o u n c i l

e x t e r

n a l d

e c i s i o n

m a k e

r s n o

p r i o r i t y

f o r

r e n e w

a b l e e

n e r g i e s (

R E )

a m o r t i s a t i o n

p e r i o d t o o l o n g

s u p p

o r t b y t h e

p u b l i c

p u b l i c r e l a t i o n w e a k

p a r t i c i p a t i o n n o t

r e p r e s e n t a t i v e good self-evaluation

assistance OB Spec

(project-) networking

alternative nancing

p r i v a t e e n v .

b a n k s

p r o j e c t s

n a n c i n g v i a

c i t y b u d g e t

partizipation of citizens

know-how citizens

public relationof the city

Figure 26: c us - nd- t di g mm , sou : H T



Pl nning Sust in bl U b n D v lopm ntStrategic objectives – Integrated Urban Development Concept as superordinatestrategy

On th b sis o n int g t d U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (St dt ntwi klung-skonz pt SeK), Ludwigsbu g wo k d out muni ip l n gy nd lim t p ot tionon pt (citywid en gy St t gy – G s mt n gi konz pt GeK), whi h is u ntlyimpl m nt d vi num ous p oj ts. o th liz tion o th SeK, th ntimuni ip l dminist tion w s o g niz d. an int d p tm nt l unit o sust in blu b n d v lopm nt (»r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung«) w s ound d nd putund th ont ol o th Lo d M yo , nd en g tikom, » omp t n nt on gy, lim t p ot tion nd o-d sign« w s t d. Mo ov , s v l n tion lnd eu op n s h p oj ts on n gy nd lim t p ot tion ondu t d.In th ollowing, th num ous tiviti s in th ou s o th U b n D v lopm ntSt t gy b i fy int odu d.

Th int ns u b n d v lopm nt p o ss w s t igg d in 2004 by o m l oun ilsolution o th m yo ’s initi tiv . al dy in th b ginning, it w s l th t n

int d p tm nt l oo din tion o th impo t nt so i l, onomi , ologi l ndsp ti l d v lopm nt p o ss s w s n ss y. Th o , st unit (»G s hä tsst llSt dt ntwi klungskonz pt«) los to th Lo d M yo ’s o w s st blish d.

40 PLaNNING SUSTaINaBLe UrBaN DeVeLOPMeNT

5

Municipal administrationInitiation and driving force

City development concept “Perspectives for Ludwigsburg”

Fundamentals

Participation

Implementation

2004

2005

2006

CitizensImpulses from all areas of social life

Master plan

Representative set of opinions

Initial discussionSummer of dialogue

Future conference I

Concepts and strategiesfor urban devlopment in all areas

Future conference II

Municipal councilSteering and control

2008

2010

District Development Plans

Future conference III

Figure 27: Ov vi w on th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (St dt ntwi klungskonz pt) o Ludwigsbu g,

sou : city o Ludwigsbu g



In joint o t b tw n dminist tion, th muni ip l oun il nd itiz ns, visiono th utu should b d v lop d. r th th n d vising wishlist, th ity im d oid nti ying p io iti s nd p o tiv ly – t l st p tly – sing th muni ip l budg t,whi h ont ibut s to i n ss mong g n tions.

Th p o ss o p ti ip tion st t d in 2005 wh n st m mb s oll t d opinionsby th h lp o 80 guid d int vi ws with st k hold s om ll lds. In this w y, th

publi opinion ould b t d whil k y to s w p p d o th up omingp o ss nd motiv t d o oll bo tion.

o th whol p o ss o p ti ip tion, it w s o g t impo t n th t th muni ip loun il w s involv d l dy t n ly st g . citiz ns w lw ys in o m d th tth i sults w m d v il bl to th muni ip l oun il th t y t m in d thd ision-m king utho ity.

Du ing th ki k-o in M y 2005, mo th n 200 itiz ns dis uss d th topi s o» onomy, ultu nd housing«. Th v nt in o m d bout th go ls, st k hold snd ou s o tion o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (SeK) nd mp ign do p o tiv p ti ip tion. a so- ll d »summ o di logu 2005« w s t igg d.Du ing num ous v nts on ultu , mobility nd du tion, n ighbou hood w lks ohild n nd youth on n s, itiz ns w tiv t d nd in o m d. om th sv nts, us ul p opos ls w d iv d nd int g t d into th U b n D v lopm ntSt t gy.

Th st utu on n in 2005 w s p ti ip tion mil ston . 128 p sons omll kinds o u b n sph s d v lop d visions, go ls nd id s o l v n th m s( omp gu 28). With 96 p sons, itiz ns o m d m jo ity mong th p ti i-p nts th t lso in lud d th muni ip l oun il nd th ity dminist tion. o moth n two d ys, th y wo k d tog th in h nging g oups nd l d onst u tiv , op nnd som tim s ont ov si l dis ussion.

In sp ing 2006, th oll t d id s w l ssi d into k y p oj ts nd m su sdu ing th s ond p t o th utu on n . N two ks o impl m nt tion wo m d. Th b o d p ti ip tion p o du sh ll nsu w ll-b l n d sults th tnd suppo t mong itiz ns. With v st m jo ity, th muni ip l oun il dopt d thguiding p in ipl s nd st t gi obj tiv s o l v n th m ti lds in Jun 2006.In th on pt, th m s not outlin d in isol tion, but mutu lly int link d in nint g t d p sp tiv .

Th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy is th dyn mi g oundwo k o long-t md v lopm nt o Ludwigsbu g th t is i o ll g n tions. Th guiding p in ipl snd obj tiv s o m th on ptu l m wo k o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt. In

th ou s o p o ss, th st t gy is p m n ntly djust d, d v lop d u th ndupd t d.

PLaNNING SUSTaINaBLe UrBaN DeVeLOPMeNT 41

Figure 28: Th m s o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (SeK), sou : city o Ludwigsbu g

n att tiv Livingn en gyn Vit l town dist i tsn e onomy & Wo kn edu tion & cn Dyn mi Town c nt

n Mobilityn cultu l Lin a Wo ld o Spo tsn Living tog th o g n tions nd

n tionsn city G n



Th oss-d p tm nt l unit »r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung« ( ound d inD mb 2008) onstitut s th int s tion to n gy nd lim t l t d subj ts.It ti s tog th th g own tiviti s in sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt nd o g niz sp o ss s to link th m with ll s o dminist tiv tion. Th utmost impo t no th sust in bility st t gy is xp ss d by th unit’s di t ssignm nt to th Lo dM yo ..

Integrated sustainability management – steering sustainable urban development

In o d to s u ontinuous dv n m nt o th u b n d v lopm nt p o ss, distin t m n g m nt syst m w s d v lop d o th dminist tion. It s gu ds thimpl m nt tion nd llows o modi tion o st t gi obj tiv s. It is u nty l th t should b und gon v y two to ou y s.

The cycle comprises o fve steps:1 Assessment o the local situation: In th s ns o n inv nto y, th p s nt u b n

situ tion is vi w d by th h lp o n ighbou hood w lks, t lks with itiz ns ndxp ts o th m ti wo kshops. V lu bl p opos ls d into th p o ss.

2 Further development o strategic goals: Th xisting go ls x min d nd, in ss y, d in d. Th l st modi i tion took pl du ing th thi d utuon n in 2009 ntitl d »Int im sults nd u th p o ssing o th SeK«.Th y s t th ki k-o it b m l th t s l t d i lds o tion h d tob los x min d, o x mpl »g owing old «, » n gy« o »muni ip l budg tnd i n ss o ll g n tions«.

3 Adoption o the guiding principles and objectives or the 11 themes: Th guidingp in ipl s nd obj tiv s stipul t d in oun il solution. In this w y,muni ip l tion is b k d up nd politi lly l gitim t d.

4 Implementation via SEK master plans: o h o tion, m st pl nis d wn up th t sp i i s th guiding p in ipl s nd st t gi obj tiv s byssigning m su s, tim s h dul s nd sponsibiliti s. By linking th m stpl n to muni ip l budg t nd in n i l pl nning, n w nd t nsp nt st ingtool is g n t d. It p mits monito ing o ll p oj ts in g d to p og ss,in n i l imp ts, l v n o th st t gi u b n d v lopm nt go ls ndpot nti l on li ts.

5 Reporting and evaluation (indicators): o h th m ti i ld in th U b n D v lop-m nt St t gy, s v l indi to s h v b n d in d. altog th , th oun ildopt d s t o 66 indi to s in 2009. a t th i st oll tion o d t , th sults

p s nt d to th muni ip l oun il nd b n hm ks d in d. In this w y,th p o ss n b h k d g inst p s t go ls ( v lu tion). With th s indi to s,tim s i s g n t d th t llow o ly ognition o t nds nd omp isonwith oth iti s. Th tiv n ss o m su s n b ss ss d so th t tion nb b tt t g t d. Th sults should b ontinuously do um nt d in n indi to -b s d po t (sust in bility po t).

42 PLaNNING SUSTaINaBLe UrBaN DeVeLOPMeNT



District Development Plans

On dist i t l v l, th itywid obj tiv s u th d t il d in Dist i t D v lopm ntPl ns (St dtt il ntwi klungsplän STeP) th t mph siz th sp i pot nti ls ndn ds o dist i t. o h dist i t, th l v n th m s o th U b n D v lopm ntSt t gy highlight d – mong oth s, n gy nd mobility. Lo l solutions wo k d out. a STeP l ys th ound tion o th d v lopm nt o dist i t, it p opos sp ti l m su s nd p ovid s o t nsp nt di logu b tw n th muni ip loun il, th itiz ns nd th dminist tion.

Dist i t D v lopm nt Pl ns nsu long-l sting lo l impl m nt tion o th SeK ndits th m s. It is pl nn d to int odu th m to ll l v n dist i ts in Ludwigsbu g st pby st p.

In th y 2007, th wo k on ou Dist i t D v lopm nt Pl ns w s l un h d. Th stpl n o th dist i t G ünbühl-Sonn nb g w s n liz d in 2009. It ont ins w itt n

xpl n tion nd m p o th d v lopm nt p sp tiv nd th pl nn d m su s. In n l st p, th pl nn d m su s link d to th guiding p in ipl s nd st t giobj tiv s o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (SeK).

Energy

»en gy« is on o th l v n th m s o Ludwigsbu g’s U b n D v lopm nt St t gy.It o s s mo b l n d n gy supply th ough n gy s vings, n gy i n ynd in s d us o n w bl s, s it w s ph s d in th guiding p in ipl s dopt dby th muni ip l oun il on Jun 28th 2006 (St dt Ludwigsbu g 2006: 13). Du ingth p o ss o th citywid en gy St t gy, th guiding p in ipl o » n gy« w s

slightly ph s d; n upd t d v sion w s dopt d by th muni ip l oun il in ll2010.


Integratedsustainable

management

R e p o

r t a n

d

e v a

l u a t i o

n ( i n d

i c a t o r s )

E x a m i n a t i o n o f t h e

l o c a l s i t u a t i o n

F u r t h

e r

d e v e

l o p m e n

t

o f t h

e s

t r a t e

g i c

o b j e

c t i v

e s

A p p r o v a l o f p r in c ip le s a n d g o

a l s

f o r u r b a n d e v e lo p m e n t i n 1 1 a r e a s

I m

pl e

m e n t a t i o n b y

t h e u s e o f

u r b a n d e v e l o

p m e n t s t r a t

e g y m

a s t e r p l a n s

Figure 29: M n g m nt syst m o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy Ludwigsbu g, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/subc-ludwigsburg 44/7244 PLaNNING SUSTaINaBLe UrBaN DeVeLOPMeNT

Figure 31: Dist i t D v lopm nt Pl n G ünbühl / Sonn nb g, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g

Figure 32: Dist i t D v lopm nt Pl n G ünbühl / Sonn nb g (m su s), sou : city o Ludwigsbu g

Figure 30: city bound y Ludwigsbu g with dist i ts, sou : city o Ludwigsbu g



»Th is sust in bl us o n gy. This is hi v d by s ving n gy nd usingit i ntly, in sing th us o n w bl n gi s nd onst nt knowl dg -building in this s to . This h s positiv t on g n l lim t d v lopm nt ndlo l i qu lity. Th s u ity o supply is is d, th lo l nd gion l onomy isdv n d nd n w, sust in bl jobs t d.

Strategic Objectives

1 B on p oj ts h v b n impl m nt d in th s o n w bl s, p ti ul lyi i nt pl nts s w ll s th x mpl y s ving o n gy both in n w onst u tion

nd th xisting building sto k.

2 en gy optimis tion is n impo t nt p in ipl o l nd us nd lo l d v lopm ntpl nning nd st nd d in muni ip l onst u tion p oj ts.

3 Th citywid en gy St t gy h s b n impl m nt d. It is gul ly ss ss d ing d to tiv n ss nd u th d v lop d.

4 Ind p nd nt nd lo l n gy supply by publi wo ks p omot s muni ip l domin d sign.

5 exh ustiv publi ity nd dviso y s vi s o itiz ns nd busin ss s int g lp ts o h ndling sust in bility.

6 Th omp h nsiv gion l o o n w bl pow i s, n gys vi s nd innov tiv n gy t hnologi s is n impo t nt lo tion to oLudwigsbu g.

7 consid bl n gy s ving in t i is hi v d by int g t d u b n nd t ipl nning, h ng s in b h viou nd lt n tiv d iv syst ms. This l ds to thdu tion o lo l nois missions nd pollution«.

Th guiding p in ipl s o h th m impl m nt d vi so- ll d m st pl ns( o x mpl , m st pl n n gy). Th y d w tog th ll sso i t d go ls ndm su s on dminist tion l l v l. at p s nt, th m st pl ns modi d toimp ov th i un tion s st ing tool nd link th m los ly to muni ip l budg tpl nning.




Impl m nt tion, unding nd M k ting oen gy e i n y: Pl nning Inst um nts ndunding P og mm s

Implementation by planning tools

Ludwigsbu g’s ommun l pl nning is subo din t to th gion l pl n o V b ndr gion Stuttg t ( n sso i tion o 179 muni ip liti s o th G t Stuttg t gion).On muni ip l l v l, th o most l g l pl nning inst um nts lo l d v lopm ntpl ns. H , n gy obj tiv s n b impl m nt d. N w p oj ts should p blyb d v lop d on l nd own d by th muni ip lity. In th s s s, binding ng -m nts n b in lud d in th ont ts o pu h s th t llow o d t il d gul tiono ologi l nd n g ti st nd ds.

Th p oj t s rotbäuml s ld nd H t n k Höh us d s x mpl s toillust t th muni ip l o ms o gul tion on n gy. Both sit s o m b ksth t onv t d into housing st t s.

Th lo l d v lopm nt pl n o rotbäuml s ld st ms om th y 1995 (St dtLudwigsbu g, St dtpl nungs mt, 1995: B b uungspl n 048/01 – rotbäuml s ld,eh m lig K bb nlo hk s n ). In g d to n gy, it only ont ins two sp i -tions: p ohibition o using g s nd oil s u ls nd ompulso y xt nsiv oo

pl nting wh n th oo slop is 25 d g s o l ss. In ont st to n w d v lopm ntpl ns, this pl n did not in lud w itt n p t in whi h st i tions w justi d.Th o , it must s n s h ving littl t in p ti (l k o n o m nt). Buts th lots w own d by th ity, go ls ould b l id down in th ont ts opu h s .

Th lo l d v lopm nt pl n o th g n l sid nti l H t n k Höh w s

g n t d in 2008 (St dt Ludwigsbu g 2008 : B b uungspl n 093/02 »H t n kHöh «). It nti ly omp is s o ity-own d lots nd ont ins only w gul tions. Inth s tion on g oundw t p ot tion, th us o n w bl n gy vi g ound p obsyst ms is g n lly p mitt d, wh s in oth s tions onst ints m ntion d.

In p ll l to th u b n d sign on pt o H t n k Höh , n n gy on ptw s d v lop d. In st st p, n xp t (D . P t Go tzki, so tw GOSOL) t st dnd optimiz d th u b n d sign s h m with sp t to sol n gy. O i nt tion ndh ight o buildings w djust d so th t sh ding by buildings nd t s w s du d.In s ond st p, th ddition l osts o hi ving th building n gy st nd dsK W 60 und K W 40 (eneV 2007) w l ul t d o s v l building typ s (s mi-d -t h d hous s, multi- mily hous nd ow hous ) by th nt p is eHS-Pl n nd by

Lea.

as sult o this su v y, th muni ip l oun il d id d to stipul t minimumbuilding n gy st nd d (K W 60) in th ont ts o pu h s . Lea o d -o -

46 IMPLeMeNTaTION, UNDING aND MarKeTING

6



h g n gy onsulting to th utu hous -build s. Obs ving th K W 60 st nd dilit t s h ting m inly om n w bl s. Th » nt l supply « o H t n k

Höh is onn t d to dist i t h ting n two k d by th wood hip h ting pl nt.o th building lots in this , onn tion is ompulso y. In s ond »p iph l

» build s m y hoos th i own o ms o h t g n tion. Wood p ll t boilsyst ms, h t pumps (g oth m l n gy), sol h t o ombin tion o v ioussupply o ms n s u th K W st nd d nd sh o n w bl n gy. Build s

th t impl m nt th d si d K W 40 st nd d o high g nt d muni ip lllow n .

Wh n th two d v lopm nt pl ns omp d, th ity’s p og ss in m king n gy-l t d p s iptions b om s visibl . In th lo l d v lopm nt pl n o H t n k

Höh , th d n d st nd d v n x d d th st tuto y no m. N v th l ss, not lloptions o n gy i n y w xh ust d. o x mpl , du to ost sons, thmuni ip l oun il only stipul t d low (K W 60) n gy st nd d. It w s d th toth wis , hom build s would tu n to oth , l ss xp nsiv p ts o th gion.

Integration o unding and research projects

Financing by publicly unded projects and research programmesSust in bility nd n gy i n y m su s th t x d th ity’s d s ib dommitm nt, o l g p ts, o- n n d by eu op n, n tion l nd st ts h nd unding p og mm s.

o x mpl , th muni ip l nd gion l f gship p oj t en g tikom ( nt on gy omp t n nd o-d sign) w s und d by th G m n d l Minist y oT nspo t, Building nd U b n D v lopm nt (Bund sminist ium ü V k h , B uund St dt ntwi klung BMVBS) in th ou s o th p og mm N tion l St dt nt-wi klungspolitik (N tion l U b n D v lopm nt Poli y).

With th n gy i nt nov tion o en g tikom, Ludwigsbu g p ti ip t s inth eU p oj t livingg n. u (2008-2013). ex mpl y nov tion th t o us s on

bon n ut lity, n gy i n y nd n w bl n gy sou s is t i d out onv buildings in th N th l nds, G m ny, B lgium, n nd G t B it in.Th s buildings sust in bility nt s th t s v s pl t o ms o di nt int stg oups. Th y host gion l wo kshops, p s nt tions nd m tings but lso p ovidin o m tion nd onsult tion to int st d p sons nd busin ss s. In ll 2009, on n on » utu th m s in u b n d v lopm nt nd u b n g n tion« –› n gy i n y in built-up s‹ nd › g d living‹ w s o g niz d in Ludwigsbu g.H , int l tions nd st t gi s on eu op n, n tion l nd lo l l v l nd u ntpp o h s o n tion l, st t nd lo l gov nm nt w p s nt d.

Ludwigsbu g’s U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (St dt ntwi klungskonz pt SeK) w sp t o th p oj t »M n ging U b n eu op MUe 25 – Kommun l s N hh ltig-k itsm n g m nt« (2005-2008), eu op n x h ng p og mm .

Du ing th eU p oj t »Snowb ll« (2006-2009), xp ts nd ommuniti s wo k dout innov tiv st t gi s o u b n nd t pl nning. Lo l pl nning wo kshops,x h ng o xp i n s nd »t in-th -t in « v nts o us d on pot nti ls on gy s ving, o x mpl , by du ing t .

Th dist i ts G ünbühl/Sonn nb g/K lshöh nd eglosh im iv d unding omth d l nd st t g n tion p og mm »St dtt il mit b sond m entwi k-

lungsb d – Sozi l St dt« (Dist i ts With Sp i l D v lopm nt N ds – thSo i lly Int g tiv city). H , p oj ts th t ont ibut d to sust in bility nd n gy

i n y w d v lop d. In eglosh im, dist i t d v lopm nt pl n (St dtt il nt-wi klungspl n STeP) ssu s ontinu tiv d v lopm nt o m su s.

IMPLeMeNTaTION, UNDING aND MarKeTING 47



Municipal unding programmesImpl m nt tion o m su s is lso b k d up by muni ip l p og mm s o lim tp ot tion. Build s in H t n k Höh g nt d subsidy o 5,000 to 15,000eu o (d p nding on numb o housing units) i th y tt in th K W 40 n gyst nd d (inst d o th oblig to y K W 60). Until 2010, 320,000 eu os h v b ng nt d.

unding is lso us d o t o tting st t l mps with n gy s ving bulbs. Y lyl t i ity osts m y b du d by 300,000 eu os o th nti ity.

u th mo , th ity g nts 20 % subsidy to p iv t d v lopm nt m su sth t lo t d in d v lopm nt s nd du n gy onsumption (h ting,v ntil tion, insul tion). M su s h v to in s th utiliz tion v lu o th building(ri htlini n zu ö d ung p iv t S ni ungsm ßn hm n, St dt Ludwigsbu g,Bü g bü o B u n, 2007).

Financial instruments: project development by fnancing outside the municipal budgetLik most G m n iti s, Ludwigsbu g xp ts d sing v nu s (busin ss ndin om t x, muni ip l s, nt l in om t .) du to d mog phi h ng . Thiso s bl t nd will b gg v t d by th ts o th onomi isis. Th mom k bl it is th t Ludwigsbu g n m st l g -s l p oj ts su h s H t n k

Höh (50 million eu os) th t qui high in st u tu inv stm nts du ing th sty s. Th y und d by th p o ts om th building lots s l s. a ounting t k spl by th h lp o s p t budg t – n m k d dit outsid th muni ip lbudg t with x d untim . Oth wis , impo t nt u b n d v lopm nt m su s wouldnot b possibl .

This p o du op ns up o oom o m no uv whil th ommunity i s th iskth t it h s to ov d it in th nd. Th p oj t rotbäuml s ld h s shown th t,in th b st s , p oj ts m y v n los with su plus. anoth dv nt g is th tth ity s th d v lop m int ins ull infu n on th p oj t. Thus, it m y n olim t p ot tion go ls s long s p o t bility is s u d. om pl nning p sp -tiv , s p t budg ts good tool o impl m nting n gy i n y. Th y m yv n o mo options th n th onv ntion l pl nning inst um nts (l nd us ndd v lopm nt pl n).

Marketing and communication

So , th is no ov ll m k ting st t gy o n » n gy ity Ludwigsbu g«.V ious st k hold s o dviso y s vi s, in o m tion nd dv n d t ining,su h s en g tikom, r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung/city o Ludwigsbu g,

muni ip l s vi s, Lea nd th lo l ag nd 21 g oup.

Muni ip l tiviti s in th ld o n gy i n y ommuni t d vi di ntm di , m su s nd involv d p sons. en g tikom, th gion l nt on gy omp t n nd o-d sign, is xp t d to t k on th ol o n two kingpl t o m.

Ludwigsbu g is m k t d s utu -o i nt d busin ss lo tion tt ting s hnd t hnology b n h s ( n gy, o-d sign nd g n indust y).

With its lo l tiviti s nd n tion l nd eu op n s h p oj ts, th int d p t-m nt l unit r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung ont ibut s to diss min tion o

n gy topi s. Th muni ip l dviso y s vi s Bü g bü o B u n p ovid s in o m -tion bout building nd n gy qu stions.

48 IMPLeMeNTaTION, UNDING aND MarKeTING



Th onv sion sit s rotbäuml s ld nd H t n k Höh in Ludwigsbu g wm k t d by m di ov g , us - i ndly nd v y in o m tiv w bsit s ndst t gi im g mp igns. Th lo l build s st ongly id nti d with th nd onsult t d with th muni ip l st on gul b sis. u th mo , th ityo Ludwigsbu g p iodi lly show s s its d v lopm nt s on t d i s ( ox mpl nvi onm nt o l st t i s).

P s nt tions du ing n tion l nd int n tion l symposi nd publi tions ins i nti jou n ls (Sp 2010, Sp /G ig /Ku t 2010) m k Ludwigsbu g d stin -tion mong pl nning, t nd dminist tion p o ssion ls.

o th city o Ludwigsbu g, sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt is onn t d withomp h nsiv itiz n p ti ip tion nd th p omotion o ivi ommitm nt,th o ommunity volunt s vi s ( hb i h bü g s h tli h s eng g -m nt B Be) h v b n int odu d. a ommunity ound tion (Bü g sti tungLudwigsbu g) w ds p iz s o outst nding ivi ommitm nt.

Du ing th d v lopm nt o th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, mo th n 1,000itiz ns h v b n involv d so . Th y t s lo l diss min to s nd b in t ust.Du ing dist i t m tings, on n s nd p ti s, th dminist tion in o ms thitiz ns nd t k s up th i d b k. u th mo , d v lopm nt v nts, p o ss snd sults gul ly do um nt d in th lo l n wsp p nd on muni ip lw bsit s.

Som topi s o lo l ag nd 21 g oups h v b n t k n up by th city o Ludwigs-bu g, su h s th muni ip l building nd n gy dviso y s vi s (»B ub -tung en gi « BBe). It o s onsulting o p iv t build s, muni ip liti s ndnt p is s. Sin 2003, Lea, th lo l n gy g n y, o g niz s » n gy in o m -tion d ys« (»Ludwigsbu g en gi in ot g «) th t in o m bout n w bln gi s, n gy i n y o old nd n w buildings, n gy s ving, sust in blu b n d v lopm nt nd t . Lea’s tiviti s los ly oo din t d with th itydminist tion.

Som p oj ts i d out in oop tion with oth o g niz tions ( o x mpl , w lk-to-s hool initi tiv : Kl in Klim s hütz unt w gs – I h GeHe g n zuS hul / V k h s lub D uts hl nd .V./ VcD). Th lo l sol initi tiv nd th bikiniti tiv t k p t in v nts nd tiviti s on gul b sis nd thus ont ibut ton gy- l t d ommuni tion.

Outsid th muni ip l dminist tion, di nt st k hold s ng g in v ious tivi-ti s: Th wo king g oup » onomy nd n gy« o g niz s n nvi onm nt i o thdist i t N k w ihing n (N k w ihing Umw ltm ss NeUM). S v l m mb s

o di nt o g niz tions (su h s mobility nd nvi onm nt l sso i tions) o m dth bik initi tiv th t p omot s y ling nd bik p th n two ks in Ludwigsbu g. Thl st t own s’ sso i tion H us & G und p ovid s in o m tion bout unding

p og mm s o n w bl n gi s.

IMPLeMeNTaTION, UNDING aND MarKeTING 49



ex mpl s o Impl m nt tionIn th ollowing, s l t d p oj ts do um nt d th t x mpli y Ludwigsbu g’sn gy i nt u b n d v lopm nt st t gy. Th m in o us is on onv sions oo m milit y sit s wh v ious n gy i n y pp o h s b om visibl . Thn w us s int odu d to th s ng om housing nd busin ss s to du tion lnd ultu l iliti s.

Th x mpl s t bul t d in g d to th ollowing sp ts:

n ch onologyn Innov tion, pilot p oj t nd signpostn Sit h t isti sn en gy i i n y nd lim t p ot tion, go ls/m su s nd ont ollingn M k ting/in o m tion, itiz n p ti ip tion nd st k hold sn unding nd in n s

Th ollowing p oj ts illust t d:

n rotbäuml s ld ( o m b k K bb nlo hk s n ) – ly d v lopm ntm su with int g t d nd ologi l pp o h

n H t n k Höh ( o m b k l kk s n ): n w housing with sp i in gy nd u b n d sign guid lin s nd n w bl n gi s (dist i t h ting)

n G ünbühl/Sonn nb g with d v lopm nt nd d molition m su s, n gy i i ntnov tion nd g oth m l n gy

n ilm nd m di nt Ludwigsbu g mz ( o m b k r inh dtk s n ): onv -sion to ilm nd m di st t-up nt

n a ts nt Kunstz nt um K lsk s n ( o m b k K lsk s n ), x mpl o onv sion with publi nd p iv t ultu l o s

n Busin ssp k „Zukun tsp k en gi “: ting lust o n gy- l t dbusin ss s (en g tikom, l t omobility)

50 eXaMPLeS Or IMPLeMeNTaTION

7


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Conversion Rotbäumles eldRedevelopment area ormer barrack Krabbenlochkaserne(Pilot project or sustainable urban development)

1938-40 const u tion o b ks1993 Withd w l m d o s

1995 St t o onv sion,lo l d v lopm nt pl n

1997 i st sid nts mov in2003 95% impl m nt d

2003/04 Build w ds

Innovation, pilot project and signpost

n Int g t d, int d p tm nt l p oj t t m, lignm nt with s to l pl nningn U b n d sign nd hit tu l omp tition, high d sign qu lityn comp t nd sophisti t d building st u tu ( o x mpl , i st low- n gy ow

hous s »L nhäus «), m inly young mili s, p tly » - l nds p s«n W ll-suppli d with goods nd s vi s, omp h nsiv in st u tu

n P oj t 11.3 h 1

n N t building 7.7 hn a o sit d v lopm nt 2.0 hn G n sp s / squ s 1.6 hn . 1,400 inh bit ntsn 610 m inly sm ll housing unitsn Sit ov g (GrZ) on v g 0.27,

loo tio (G Z) 0.96

n Kind g t n 2,600 sqmn S hool 7,850 sqmn Gymn Shops 3,800 sqm + 600 sqmn O i s 2,500 sqm + 2,000 sqmn P king sp s 300 + 115n Sh lt d wo kshop: 72 wo kpl sn P t ol st tion

Energy e fciency and climate protection, goals/measures and controlling

n comp t building st u tu , low n gy st nd d (n w buildings)/eneVn r utilis tion o g s h ting st tion ( nt l dist i t h ting)n P iv t us o sol n gy, n gy onsult tion o p iv t build s, st i t n gy

sp i i tions o inv sto sn roo -g ning, publi g n sp s, mod l inw t t tm nt ( .g., onomi lly

i i nt s p t syst m)n G s og n tion pl nt (dist i t h ting), p iv t us o sol n gy, onn tion to

dist i t h ting possibl

Marketing/in ormation, citizen participation and stakeholders

n c mp ign nd logo »g n nd los to th nt « (m k t pl m nt,in o m tion)

n Int g t d oop tion b tw n »pion s« o th int st g oup rotbäuml s ld(INTrO) nd muni ip l p oj t t m

n No d v lopm nt g n y

Funding and fnances

n P o ssing vi muni ip l p oj t ount, no t on ostsn in n ing vi s l s v nu s nd unding p og mm s (initi l unding by st t

d v lopm nt nd housing p og mm mongst oth s)

Sou s: city o Ludwigsbu g, www.ludwigsbu g.d , www.k s n n-ludwigsbu g.d

Low- n gy ow hous s »L nhäus «

Pi tu s: S hu h t, H T

Low- n gy ow hous s »L nhäus «

Pi tu s: S hu h t, H T

G n sp sPi tu s: S hu h t, H T

1 abb vi tions s pp ndix


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Conversion Hartenecker HöheNew housing area ormer barrack Flakkaserne

1938 const u tion o b ks1991 Withd w l m d o s1993 U b n d sign omp tition

2007 Pu h s d by ity o LB2008 D z. Lo l d v lopm nt pl n2010 b. 45% o lots sold

Central question »How do we want to live in uture?«

n en gy i i nt building st nd ds: K W 60 ( o ding to eNeW 2007) to plusn gy

n G t int st in th , n gy- ons ious buy sn Lo l d v lopm nt pl n b s d on oop tion with lo l pl nning i ms: sol

optimiz tion, supply on pts, n gy on ptn Sp i i initi l onditions (d l ys du to monum nt nd bi d p ot tion) llow d o

omp h nsiv p limin y pl nning b o pu h s o sit

n G oss building 18 hn N t building 10.8 hn Housing 10.4 hn c . 1.600 inh bit ntsn 750 housing units pl nn d

n Sit ov g (GrZ) 0.4, p tly up to 0.8n G n l sid nti l without p t ol

st tions/ m k t g d ns, sp i l n Wid ng o housing typ sn r qui m nts monum nt p ot tion,

p s v tion o th buildings


n Int g t d n gy on pt: optimiz d sol n gy us / n gy onsumption/supplyn en gy st nd ds t l st K W 60, p domin ntly ompulso y onn tion to g n -

tiv dist i t h ting; g s h t pl nt ov s p k lo dsn Sp i s p ot tion on pt 2007 (p s v tion o biodiv sity), ont min t d l nd

m di tionn Lo l d v lopm nt pl n, muni ip l nvi onm nt l po t, muni ip l n gy

st nd dn r us o xisting buildings: gym > mily nt , onn tion to dist i t h ting


n

W bsit , v nts Lea, pl nning wo kshopsn Muni ip l dminist tion tt nd d t d i s nd sid nts’ m tingsn Housing oop tiv p ov d v y p o tiv nd dyn mi (st ongly id nti i s with

p oj t nd , n gyon ious)

Funding and fnances

n P o ssing vi muni ip l p oj t ount, im: no t on ostsn eU p og mm Livingg n ( mily nt ); no xt ost o th ity o LBn existing l ndm k d gym is onv t d to n gy i i nt mily nt (Ki Z)n Muni ip l p og mm s »B ukind g ld« + »Klim zus huss« (K W 40 st nd d) o

build s ( onomi to )n ext nsion o muni ip l dist i t h ting n two k (50s/60s housing

S hlössl s ld)

Sou s: city o Ludwigsbu g, www.ludwigsbu g.d , www.h t n k -ho h .d

D v lop ’s on pt o multi- mily hous

comput G phi s : city o Ludwigsbu g

Housing oop tiv ’s p oj t

comput G phi s : city o Ludwigsbu g

Singl - mily homPi tu : city o Ludwigsbu g



Grünbühl/Sonnenberg/Karlshöhe»Soziale Stadt« (Districts With Special Development Needs – the SociallyIntegrative City)

1935 const u tion o b ks1947 const . p ovision l om.

1956 In o p. into th city o LB1950/60 const . o housing o o i s

1996 Sold to Zw kv b ndP ttonvill /Sonn nb g nd

Wohnungsb u LB GmbH2008 Multipl ommissioning nd

m st pl n

Change in image and replanning

n In lud d in dist i t d v lopm nt pl nningn Multipl ommissioning o m st pl n in oop tion with Lea ( n gy on pt)n r d v lopm nt , unding p og mm »Sozi l St dt«, p oj t t m, int g t d

st t gi on pt

n 2,359 inh bit ntsn M inly g n l sid nti l , lso

mix d-us without lodging/p t olst tions/m k t g d ns/ nt t inm nt

n Op n, los d nd lt n tiv buildingm thod, singl - mily hom s,s mid t h d hous s

n Sit ov g (GrZ) 0.3 to 0.4n V ious housing typ s, p tm nts, ow

hous sn Multi-g n tion building t p ssiv

hous st nd d s hub b tw nsubdist i ts


n »Sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt«, utu -o i nt d, nov tion is lign d with so i lgo ls: t kling hotspots i st, building m su s ollow

n ev lu tion, xp t monito ing, in o m tion ntn Suppo t inst ll tion o photvolt i syst msn c nt l old w t n two k with g ound p ob s (g oth m l n gy) nd g s dist i t

h ting pl nt, d nt l w m w t /h t pumps; p k lo d ov d by g s boiln r omm nd tion Lea: K W 40 st nd d o building nv lop


n

comp h nsiv itiz n p ti ip tion in wo kshops, n wsl tt , itiz ns’ stiv lsn Wo kshops nd p oj t g oups, dist i t di logu sn Zw kv b nd P ttonvill /Sonn nb g (int muni ip l oop tion) Funding and fnances

n unding p og mm »en gi sp nd s B u n m Son nnb g« ( n gy-s vingbuilding in Sonn nb g) o K W 40 (vi Wohnungsb u LB GmbH)

n -o - h g onsult n y by Lea ( n gy-optimiz d onst u tion)n unding o n gy m su s nd so i l, ultu l p oj ts by u b n d v lopm nt

m ns (Sozi l St dt)n N tion l p og mm M h g n tion nhäus (multi-g n tion buildings)n Mi o llow n s o th p og mm »Stä k n vo O t« (lo l st ngth)

Integrated approach

n Linking u b n pl nning with so i l s h

G ünbühl

Pi tu : S hu h t, H T

Sonn nb g, g oth m l d illing

Pi tu : W bsit e dwä m lig

Sonn nb g, multi- mily hous sPi tu : W bsit e dwä m lig



Film and media centre Ludwigsburg mzKonversion ormer Train-/Reinhardtkaserne

1882-90 const u tion o b ks

T ink s n1945 O upi d by alli d Pow s

1950 - 94 V ious, non-milit y us s1995 r solution on st blishing mz

Spaces and creative pool or start-ups

n cowo king sp o young st t-ups in ilm/ ommuni tion/ dv tising/n w m dind st blish d m di wo k s

n N ighbou ing ilm d my, th t d my, ts nt t .n c nt y o g du t s

n 2.14 h tot l n 12,500 sqm o i s

n Studios, sto g , p s nt tion ndxhibition sp s

n Monum nt p ot tion


n r u bishm nt, n w windows, onn tion to dist i t h ting syst mn r us o xisting buildings in inn ity milit y b s


n B inging tog th st blish d nt p is s nd st t-upsn Innov tiv o g nis tion l st u tu with s vi n two k, x h ng pl t o m, nt l

ption with hotlin , m il s vi , on n sp s on d m nd

Funding and fnances

n Subsidi s o st t-upsn consult n y on st t-up on ptsn In o m tion ounds on v ious topi s (t x l w, mploym nt l w, insu n s)

mz


mz

Sou : city o Ludwigsbu g

mzSou : city o Ludwigsbu g

mz


Sou s: city o Ludwigsbu g, www.ludwigsbu g.d , www.k s n n-ludwigsbu g.d ; www. mz.d ,



Renovation o KarlskaserneConverting ormer barracks into an arts centre

1889-1900 const u tion o b ks 1998 US milit y, pu h s d by city o

Ludwigsbu g

Experimental character and the art o improvisation

n a tiv pool o p o ssion ls nd m t u s s king x h ng , o i nt tion,on ont tion nd n ount . Wo kshops, h s l ooms, st g s, tists’ d ssingooms, o i s nd t hni l quipm nt

n iliti s o visu l ts, th t , d n ,musi , ilm, t nd ultu

n T g t g oup: hild n, t n g s,dults; m t u s, s mi-p o ssion lsnd p o ssion ls

n Lo tion o hobby, p o ssion ndvo tion

n Op n- i in m with mo th n 2,000s ts

n O g niz tions: d n nd th two kshop, youth musi s hool, dultdu tion nt , h moni lub

n Muni ip l ts s hool L by inth(Bi tigh im-Bissing n, Ko nw sth imnd LB) with mo th n 1,200 stud nts


n conn tion to dist i t h ting syst mn r nov tion o ding to th guid lin s o histo i l monum nts llows o l xibl

us nd mi o s lo l histo yn administ tion in nov t d ( oo , windows) gun hous , oth buildings will ollow

( nov tion m su s pl n)


n »citiz ns o itiz ns« p in ipl ( o 20 y s, p odu tions with mo th n 300itiz ns, wh o 90% m t u s)

Funding and fnances

n

In om om nt ( sso i tions, t .)

o m st bl s


o m st bl s


cou ty dPi tu : S hu h t, H T

Sou s: city o Ludwigsbu g, www.ludwigsbu g.d , www.k s n n-ludwigsbu g.d , www.lkz.d



Business park Energy/e-mobilityRedevelopment o industrial estate

Sin 90s Busin ss p kap il 2010 B nd en g tikom H ll 2Z

S pt. 2010 N w lo tion o en g tikomadminist tion G t gnt p is

Pilot project, mixed use, creative industries

n r st u tu ing o th busin ss p k G w b g bi t W stst dt: o i nt tion o xistingbusin ss s tow ds n gy nd nvi onm nt l t hnology

n c nt o n gy omp t n en g tikom s t igg o st u tu l h ngtow ds „g n indust y“

n ex mpl W kz nt um W stst dt: o m m nu tu ing pl nt (eis ink nt p is –kit h nw ) tu n d into n v nt lo tion nd tiv indust i s d stin tion

Werkzentrum Weststadtn loo sp . 10 hn O i sp s . 20 nt p is s with

. 600 mploy sn c t i , oy , Kultu w k, ou ty ds,

Zolling h ll, TV studio


n »Pilot p oj t W stst dt« in th ou s o th sust in bility st t gy o B d n-Wü tt mb g: Su v y on lo l n gy syn gi s, onsulting o involv d busin ss s( oop tion b tw n ity o LB, Univ sity o Stuttg t


n Vit l itiz n p ti ip tion, osslinking vi dist i t d v lopm nt pl n W stst dt

Funding and fnances

n unding om st t sust in bility initi tiv »en gi izi nz in B t i b n« ( n gy

i i n y o busin ss s)n Siz o inv stm nt . 100 million eu os > p omotion o gion l onomi g owth

Sou : city o Ludwigsbu g, www.ludwigsbu g.d , www.w kz nt um-w stst dt.d

W kz nt um W stst dt


utu ity en g tikom in G t g-Building



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con lusions nd L ssons L n dConclusions

Th nit n tu o ossil u l supply, s w ll s lim t nd d mog phi h ngll o n w, int g t d st t gi s o n gy i nt iti s th t, mo th n hith to,

in lud itiz ns, busin ss s nd politi s.

With th sust in bl U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, th citywid en gy St t gy ndth ons qu nt st u tu ing o dminist tion, th city o Ludwigsbu g hos nx ption lly omp h nsiv nd int g t d pp o h, sp i lly wh n omp dto oth G m n m dium-siz d iti s. Th on pt builds on xp i n s ommuni ip l n gy i n y p oj ts nd n tion l nd int n tion l x h ngp og mm s nd t k s th m u th in onsist nt w y. P ti ip tion in eu op ns h p oj ts su h s »M n ging U b n eu op 25« (MUe) ss t d wid

infu n on u th on ption l d v lopm nt.

igu 33 d pi ts th »d v lopm nt p ths o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt inLudwigsbu g 1990-2010«. en gy i nt u b n d v lopm nt l dy g in dmom ntum du ing th 1990s, o x mpl in lo l ag nd 21 g oups, u b ng n tion (Sozi l St dt) nd housing d v lopm nt. This p o ss h s ontinu-

ously b n ultiv t d. It h s p ti ul ly b n stimul t d by th int odu tion o thU b n D v lopm nt St t gy in 2004 nd th sulting citywid en gy St t gy.

In Ludwigsbu g, th » on pt o n n gy i nt ity« is not n ow d downto n gy poli y qu stions but p t o n ov ll sust in bility st t gy. asp tso s ttl m nt st u tu , in st u tu nd t st ongly infu n th n gyonsumption o ommunity – b it in di t o indi t w y. a n w int g t dst u tu o dminist tion nd omp h nsiv impl m nt tion st t gy wd v lop d in p ll l. Th tiv n ss o m su s is v lu t d by s t o 66indi to s in gul m n g m nt y l ( omp h pt 5).

in lly, n gy i n y nd lim t p ot tion s p ts o n int g t d u b nd v lopm nt pp o h ont ibut to s gu ding omp titiv n ss nd p omotingonomi d v lopm nt. In th long un, itiz ns nd nt p is s b n t om

s u ity o n gy supply nd low n gy p i s. Th city o Ludwigsbu g h sliz d th t only n gy i nt iti s m in tt tiv o th i itiz ns nd n

m int in th i ultu l nd so i l o s nd publi s vi s. In summ 2010, thommunity t sting nd s h institut o B d n-Wu tt mb g (G m ind p ü-ungs nst lt gp ) knowl dg d th sust in bl poli y pp o h ( o g niz tion odminist tion), s it ont ibut s to b l n d muni ip l budg t th t is i n ss oll g n tions.

0


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Energy

Streams of development of sustainable urban development in Ludwigsburg from1990 to 2010 (examples)

Urban development

Conversions

Funding programmes

Municipal utilities

Municipal administration

Public participation

Initial si tuation Abbreviations: SEK - Urban Development StrategySTEP - District Development Plan

1990 1995

Environmental groups...

Master development plan

FilmAcademy1991

Rotbäumles-feld1995

Project teamRotbäumlesfeld1994-2000

more project teamsoutside of line organisation

FutureconferencesEglosheim2000+2002

MovieandMediaCentre1996

Karls-barrack1998

HotelNestor1996

Energy saving

Involvement ofconcerned persons

Reorganisation of municipal utilities Changetowardsrenewableenergy

EU projects:

National projects:

Urban developmentpromotion programme

Figure 33: D v lopm nt p ths o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt in Ludwigsbu g 1990-2010, pi tu : H T



2000 2005 2010

Staff unit SEK2004

Development administration structures, e.g.Department for Active Citizenship2004

Department for SustainableUrban Development2008

Buildingconsultingenergy, et. al.

LocalAgenda 212001

District heating2001

Woodchip plantEglosheim 2001

Initiation of greenelectricity2006

Block heating station(CHP)/local heatingconcepts 2006

Consolidation withmunicipal utilities ofKornwestheim 2008

Wood-red power plant2009

AdvisoryServiceBuilding 2000

Staff unit SupervisionSupport SUN2007

Hartenecker Höhe2008-15

Decisionfor set ofIndicators2009

Soziale Stadtintegratedoperationconcepts2000

FutureconferencesSEK2005+2006

Participation STEPse.g. 3 DistrictConferencesEglosheim 2007...

FutureconferenceSEK 2009 /others from2010 on

1.DistrictmanagementEglosheim2003

LocalAgendaprojects2002...

Luitpold-barrack1999 -2004

Fromann-barrack2001

Sonnen-berg2006

Wilhelm-galery2006

Urban DevelopmentStrategy SEK 2004(decision 2006)

LudwigsburgEnergy AgencyLEA2006

Energetikom(registered association)2009

Thematic Master plans2006

District Development PlansSTEPs 2007

livinggreen2008-13

EnSure2010 - 13

EuropeanEnergyAward2010 Citywide

EnergyStrategy2010

»Soziale Stadt«Grünbühl/Sonnenberg/Karlshöhe 2006

»Our City«attractive city anddistrict centers2009

»Soziale Stadt«Eglosheim 2000

local ressources forsocial purposesLOS 2003-08

Managing Urban EuropeMUE 25 2005-08

cONcLUSIONS aND LeSSONS LearNeD 59

Th di g mm in gu 34 giv s n ov vi w o Ludwigsbu g’s u b n d v lopm nt

sin 1990. It is h t iz d by onv sions o o m b ks sit s, th sust in-bl U b n D v lopm nt St t gy (guiding vision: th omp t ity nd p io ityo b own ld d v lopm nt), dminist tion l o m, impl m nt tion o n gy

i n y m su s nd xt nsion o n gy supply om n w bl s (g s n two k,wood hip h ting pl nt nd dist i t h ting).



Lessons learned

T ns bl sults o th s study summ iz d in »l ssons l n d«. Hown, und th giv n onditions in pl nning, l w, poli y nd onomy in G m ny,n » n gy i nt ity« b pl nn d nd hi v d? Whi h o Ludwigsbu g’spp o h s m y b ppli d to oth iti s, wh t h s to b t k n into ount, wh th s to b void d?

Lesson 1: A sustainable citywide Urban Development Strategy provides the per ectramework or energy e fciency concepts. Sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt is o on n o th eu op n Union (»L ipzigch t on Sust in bl eu op n citi s« 2007) nd h s b n impl m nt d into thG m n P og mm »N tion l St dt ntwi klungspolitik« (N tion l U b n D v lop-m nt Poli y). a holisti impl m nt tion h s to t k pl m inly on ommun lnd gion l l v l, wh inst um nts o gion l pl nning nd u b n l nd us ndd v lopm nt pl nning v il bl . In ont st to, o x mpl , th B itish pl nningsyst m, th is l l g l m wo k nd high d nsity o gul tion, so th tpl nning tools n b om tiv in g d to n gy i nt u b n d sign.

On muni ip l l v l, th u b n nd un tion l d v lopm nt o th n xt 15-20 y sis sp i d in l nd us pl ns. In th o n gy, lim t nd d mog phih ll ng s, int g t d u b n d v lopm nt st t gi s ( s volunt y pl nning inst u-m nt o th p p to y st g o l nd us pl ns) g in in impo t n , th t h v to bompl m nt d by s to l pl ns o n gy, housing, t nd th lik .

Th city o Ludwigsbu g h s shown th t wo king out p ti ip to y, int dis iplin yu b n d v lopm nt st t gy nd onn ting it with n dminist tiv o m p ov s tob solid ound tion o n gy i nt nd lim t - ons ious pl nning. H , lnd v i bl go ls nd o m su s o utu d v lopm nt n b x d. In thisw y, th topi o n gy b om s p t o th politi l dis ussion, nd n gy p oj ts

link d to oth u b n d v lopm nt th m s.

Lesson 2: Municipal energy e fciency projects can be coordinated by a Citywide EnergyStrategy. Th n gy i n y o ity nnot only b m su d in singul buildingm su s. It d p nds on u b n d sign on pts, t s h m s, l nd us p tt nsnd u b n d nsity, us s’ d m nds nd su ounding onditions. Th o , h ityshould d v lop its own citywid en gy St t gy th t is b s d on th lo l U b nD v lopm nt St t gy.

Th s n gy st t gi s oo din t m su s o h t supply, l t i ity supplynd mobility th t, ltog th , l d to n gy nd cO2 s vings. Ludwigsbu g’s

citywid en gy St t gy h s b n d v lop d on th b sis o holisti , sust in blU b n D v lopm nt St t gy. It im d o id nti ying th pot nti ls o n w bl snd d v loping st t gy o tion. Th muni ip l wo ks, xp ts, itiz ns ndst k hold s w tiv ly involv d in this p o ss. r gul monito ing o tiv -n ss is n ss y to m k djustm nts.

Lesson 3: Energy strategies require a more ambitious implementation strategy.Th Ludwigsbu g s study h s shown th t th clim t alli n ’s t g t o 50%cO2 mission du tion until 2030 nnot b hi v d by n tion l gul tion in thbuilding nd n w bl n gy s to only (BaU s n io). ev n i th most impo t ntm su s o th »With M su s S n io« (WMS) impl m nt d, n lim tn ut lity not b obt in d by 2050.

Th muni ip liti s h v to t k ddition l, mo mbitious m su s to b omlim t -n ut l in th long un. Muni ip lly own d buildings nd s vi s onlyont ibut to bout 2% o ity’s tot l n gy onsumption. Th o , th p o ss h sto in lud ll to s, most o ll th itiz ns who us 45% o th missions in th

60 cONcLUSIONS aND LeSSONS LearNeD



Neckar

B B

G

H

21st CenturyEnergy efcient Ludwigsburg»Peoples City«

Urban DevelopmentStrategy »Compact City«

RailroadTrain station

Federal road 27Motorway 81

Reorganisation of urbanadministrationEnergetikom -Energiekompetenz &Ökodesign e.V.Energy agencyLudwigsburg

District heating network

Wood-red power station

District heat and power stationGeothermal energy station

Urban development zone»Weststadt«Development of buildig-upareas

NNot to scale

Residential areasBarracks conversions forpublic purposesBarracks conversions forresidential purposesNew housing estates

B

G

H

Figure 34: Di g mm u b n d v lopm nt Ludwigsbu g, pi tu : H T

building s to nd 28% in t nspo t. c t logu s o m su s h v to b d v lop d inoop tion with itiz ns, dopt d by th muni ip l oun il nd impl m nt d by thh lp o l tim s h dul s.

Lesson 4: Energy e fciency requires regional integration.en gy i n y is subj t th t should not b x min d o on pl nning l v l oon ity in isol tion. ev n i th is om b k o lo l solutions, th n ss y mixo n w bl n gy sou s nd supply on pts n only b tt in d on gion ll v l.

P ovisions o sp ti l nd st t pl nning s t th m wo k o u b n pl nning. Ongion l l v l, th y u th sp i d nd djust d to gion l onditions nd

go ls. In this w y, th gion l pl n n, o x mpl , d sign t p io ity s o

n gy supply.

Th id o r gion l en gy St t gy t k s this pp o h u th . at Ludwigsbu g’ssugg stion, th gion l pl nning sso i tion V b nd r gion Stuttg t (VrS) pl nsto d v lop su h on pt. In th m o th n tion l p og mm Klim MOrO,Ludwigsbu g is mod l ommunity nd p tn o VrS. Klim MOrO dd ss sth ts o lim t h ng nd ons qu n s o u b n l nd us pl nning, ox mpl , th p ovision o suit bl g i ultu l l nd.

Lesson 5: Public utilities and services are important municipal steering tools.o p o tiv u b n d v lopm nt poli y, muni ip l wo ks s lo l n gy p ovid s,but lso oth lds o supply su h s w t , u b n d in g , w st ombustion, p king,

nd th lik , impo t nt st ing tools. Th y h lp to pu su sust in bl u b nd v lopm nt poli y nd to ugm nt n gy i n y. as s vi s o g n l int st

d liv d, th y should m in within th ity’s sph o infu n . Du ing th l std d s, m ny G m n ommuniti s p iv tiz d th i muni ip l utiliti s o sold th m vioss-bo d -l sing.



Sin oupl o y s, th is v s t nd tow ds muni ip lly own d iliti sb us o th i impo t n o st t gi pl nning nd s u ity o supply. Muni ip lwo ks n impo t nt p quisit o th impl m nt tion o itywid n gy on pts.a ity th t owns n ind p nd nt nd d nt l n gy supply st u tu h s st ongd ision-m king pow s, sp i lly in g d to n gy s ving, i nt us o n gy,n w bl n gy sou s nd n w supply on pts, su h s dist i t h ting. Muni ip ln gy suppli s should o s n n i l budg t o innov tion nd l bo t pilot

p oj ts. Th muni ip l wo ks o Ludwigsbu g-Ko nw sth im show th t muni ip llyown d n gy supply is n impo t nt ompon nt to p omot innov tiv n gy st t gi snd p oj ts.

Lesson 6: The use o renewable energy potentials should be extended.In G m ny, th pot nti ls o xisting n w bl n gy sou s h v only b nt pp d to sm ll d g . Th is n u g nt n d to xp nd th gion l o og n tiv n gy i s, n gy- l t d s vi s nd innov tiv n gy t hnology.

So- ll d vi tu l pow pl nts, n two ks o d nt l pow pl nts th t d w omn w bl s, ould m k onsid bl ont ibution. Th y n omp ns t light

lo d p iods nd os ill tions s th y o u in wind nd sol pow , o x mpl bybiom ss.

a study on h ting nd l t i ity supply in Ludwigsbu g, th t w s p t o th citywiden gy St t gy, id nti s l g pot nti ls o n w bl s. N v th l ss, within itybo d s, only bout 25% o th p s nt d m nd n b s tis d vi n w bl s.among oth things, th ity o Ludwigsbu g on nt t s on xt nding th dist i th ting n two k nd int g ting t hnologi s o th p odu tion o biom ss ndg oth m l n gy.

Lesson 7: Energy e fciency can only be attained i the tra fc sector is targeted.In G m ny, on v g , 30% o t - l t d bon missions us d by int n lity t . Wh s n gy onsumption nd missions d s in oth s to s, th yk p in sing in th t s to . On lo l l v l, th n ss y st i tions in t h d to n o politi lly, du to onfi ts o int st nd ( xp t d) sist n mongitiz ns, t il s nd nt p is s. Th o , mo tiv gul tion on eu op n ndn tion l l v l is qui d o th t s to , omp bl to thos in th n gy s to .

consid bl n gy s vings in t n b hi v d by int g t d u b n nd tpl nning, h ng s in b h viou nd lt n tiv d iv syst ms; lo l nois missions ndpollution n b du d. U b n d v lopm nt pl nning should int g t t on pts.In d ns ly popul t d gions, n ighbou ing ommuniti s nd gion l t onn tionsshould b in o po t d.

B sid s in ntivizing w lking, y ling nd using publi t nspo t, th city o Ludwigsbu g

p omot s th g owth s to l t omobility by s tting up n onomi lust in this ld.Ludwigsbu g’s citywid en gy St t gy lso to s mobility.

Lesson 8: For consistent implementation o sustainable planning, strong vertical andhorizontal links between political levels have to be established. G m ny l ks n tion l sust in bility st t gy th t is l ly on t d with thd l minist i s on ho izont l l v l. also, v ti l x h ng with th subo din t d

l v ls (st t s, gions, muni ip liti s) is missing. Lik wis , on st t l v l, sust in bilityis not s n nd impl m nt d s oss-s tion l sponsibility within th minist i s.On muni ip l l v l, d p tm nts o t n not oss-link d ho izont lly. Th s missinglinks b om visibl in ont di ting go ls o di nt minist i s but lso in similunding p og mm s o n gy i n y. Simil ly, in th o sust in bility, links

to th eu op n l v l h v to b imp ov d.Th x mpl o Ludwigsbu g d monst t s th i ny o ho izont l nd v ti llinking.




Lesson 9: Sustainability and energy e fciency have to be positioned within the adminis-trational structure. Most o G m n muni ip l dminist tions o g niz d in s to s nd notst u tu d int g tiv ly o sp ti lly. D p nding on th lo l mph sis, n gy poli ym y b duty o u b n pl nning, nvi onm nt l s vi s o th onomi d v lop-m nt d p tm nt. In s to l dminist tions, n ov ll vi w o politi l go lsnd m su s s w ll s n ov vi w on l t d n n s th t would llow d ision-

m k s to p io itiz tion, is o t n bs nt.

Du to sho t l tion p iods nd p oj t-o i nt d dminist tiv tion, publixp t tions high th t politi i ns qui kly nd solutions nd d monst t visiblp oj ts. In this w y, long-t m pl nning go ls su h s n gy i n y o ost

i n y t nd to b n gl t d.

In Ludwigsbu g, th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy w s oo din t d by th Lo dM yo ’s int d p tm nt l unit o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt (»r tN hh ltig St dt ntwi klung»). as oss-s to l unit, it b ks th xistinglin st u tu o dminist tion. Th unit’s subdivisions »eu op » nd »en gy»s gu d th impl m nt tion o u b n d v lopm nt nd n gy i n y go ls inll lds o politi s. This pp o h ov om s s to l thinking nd m k s us oxisting syn gi s. in n i l d isions no long m d d p tm nt-wis but inl tion to m su s.

Lesson 10: Sustainable urban development and energy e fciency goals have to bebacked up by an implementation strategy. In G m ny, pl nning is th t g t-o i nt d th n p o ss-o i nt d. Ludwigsbu g’sgov n n pp o h is suppo t d by ontinuous m n g m nt y l . It in lud sguiding p in ipl s o l v n th m ti lds nd st t gi obj tiv s th t djust dto lo l onditions vi dist i t d v lopm nt on pts. Impl m nt tion is st d vith m ti m st pl ns; b n hm k indi to s s gu d po ting nd v lu tion.co spondingly, th go ls o th citywid en gy St t gy sh ll b syst m ti llyn o d.

This impl m nt tion st t gy o sust in bl u b n d v lopm nt qui s p sons th t willing to wo k int dis iplin ily nd h v holisti und st nding o sust in bility

nd its so i l, onomi nd ologi l sp ts. Th y h v to b op n nd pp i -tiv o n ighbou ing lds o wo k.

By int odu ing th m n g m nt y l , th city o Ludwigsbu g h s l dy d v lop dn impl m nt tion st t gy th t ounts o this.

Lesson 11: Citizen participation is a success actor or sustainable and energy e fcient

urban development. att ining n n gy i nt o v n n gy n ut l ity not only qui s g tommitm nt, but lso - hing h ng s in b h viou . citiz n p ti ip tion is tim - onsuming p o ss. Th o , sho t , o uss d o ms o p ti ip tion su h soundt bl dis ussions, xp t wo kshops o utu on n s b m st blish d,wh s s v l-d y wo kshops only ly ondu t d. Y t, th g oup o p ti i-p nts should not b too sm ll nd in lud h nging p s nt tiv s.

citiz n p ti ip tion llows itiz ns to id nti y with th i ity. as t g t-o i nt dtool, it p mits to ss th itiz ns’ pot nti ls nd d si s nd int g t th m intopl nning. Y t, on ommun l l v l, it is som tim s s n s ont ov si l: coun illo s

to los pow o d ision, nd itiz ns id o not b ing t k n s ious.

Th o , on d n building h s to t k pl on ll l v ls nd omp nt n sh v to b m d l . Th muni ip l oun il should knowl dg th b n ts o



itiz n p ti ip tion. To th itiz ns, it h s to b ommuni t d th t th i on ns b ing t k n s ious, but th t th muni ip l bo ds in h g o m king

d isions b s d on th ommon good.

Du ing th U b n D v lopm nt St t gy, th city o Ludwigsbu g h s o g niz d nint ns p o ss o itiz n p ti ip tion with positiv xp i n s. u th mo , it h sst blish d d p tm nt o ommunity volunt s vi s ( hb i h bü g -

s h tli h s eng g m nt) in 2004 nd ontinu d th p o ss s o p ti ip tion.

Lesson 12: Publicity and consulting services or energy e fciency contribute to success. Int ns publi l tion nd n gy i n y onsulting s vi s o itiz ns ndbusin ss s should b s l - vid nt ompon nts o citywid en gy St t gy. Wid

pt n nd diss min tion m k m su s mo tiv . citi s nd ommuniti sn p o t om high n gy i n y, s p o ts om n gy s vings m y b sp nto oth n ds.

In Ludwigsbu g, lo l f gship p oj ts su h s th n gy g n y Lea, en g t-ikom, th wood hip h ting pl nt, th bik st tion, busin ss mobility m n g m nt,

sh ing p oj ts with l t omobil s nd th mily nt »H t n k Höh « impo t nt l m nts o publi l tions.

Lesson 13: National and international unding programmes are o high added value. Muni ip l go ls n b h d st by th h lp o n tion l nd int n tion lunding p og mm s nd s h p oj ts. Th y p ovid t g t-o i nt d suppo tboth in g d to n n ing nd ont nt. Int n tion l p oj ts b o d n th p sp -tiv nd ost p o tiv p o ssion l x h ng . Th n n i l suppo t llows os tting up pilot p oj ts. P oj t p tn s m y dvis on ost-s ving lt n tiv s.u th mo , int ultu l knowl dg is qui d. O t n, p oj t n two ks m int in d nd tiv t d on oth o sion.

In th ity o Ludwigsbu g, m ny xisting o pl nn d n gy i n y st t gi s ndp oj ts h v b n initi t d o suppo t d by n tion l nd eU unding p og mm snd s h p oj ts. cons utiv p oj ts th t ompl m nt th ommunity’soutin duti s t dd d v lu .

Lesson 14: The renovation and construction o municipal buildings are occasions orestablishing energy standards.On publi buildings, th oppo tuniti s o n gy i n y n b imp ssiv lyd monst t d. en gy i nt nov tion o muni ip l buildings n tw n ss nd s t lo l st nd ds. P iv t own s, nd p tly lso th hu h s,s m to b di ult to h nd motiv t o nov tion. It is sp i lly di ult tog in m jo ity o th nov tion o p tm nts in multi- mily hous s, v n though

th is n u g nt n d o tion. Mod ls o impl m nt tion missing in thisld, not bly in g d to n n ing. In Ludwigsbu g, Lea p ovid s n gy onsultingo building own s.

Lesson 15: There is a lack o binding supraregional certifcations or cra t and trade. Du ing th l st y s, th d m nds pl d on onst u tion nd building quipm ntnd ppli n s h v ontinuously g own. as th y h v di t ont t to th nd-us s,sm ll lo l h ndi ts nt p is s pl y k y ol in p iv t nov tion nd onst u -tion. Un o tun t ly, it w s dis ov d th t th y o t n mis dvis li nts nd s llout-d t d t hnology. Th by th y d m g th i own busin ss nd th nvi onm nt.O t n, th sm ll busin ss s l k sou s o dv n d t ining. Th o , en g t-ikom in Ludwigsbu g h s t k n up this sp t. It is lso impo t nt to in lud th ms

th t d liv th (t hni l) p odu ts to th tsm n.




Lesson 16: Energy e fciency will become a locational and economic actor.Du ing st u tu l h ng , n gy i n y nd onomi d v lopm nt must bt k n into onsid tion tog th .

as soon s n gy omp t n b om s omp titiv ss t, it will t jobs int d nd ont ibut to th onomy’s xpo t st ngth on this n w glob l g owthm k t. Th o , du tion l iliti s nd univ siti s h v to b in lud d into

lo l onomi st t gi s. e onomi d v lopm nt is on o th th subdivisionswithin Ludwigsbu g’s int d p tm nt l unit r t N hh ltig St dt ntwi klung.Th ity’s initi tiv in d v loping th n gy omp t n nt en g tikom nd thdist i t W stst dt d monst t s th t it is wo thwhil to oss-link st k hold s omth n gy s to , t d , indust y, sso i tions, dv n d t ining nd s h.

Lesson 17: Compact, mixed-use developments have a more energy e fcient in astructureand supply structure than dispersed settlement structures. existing nd n w housing st t s should b pl nn d s d ns , omp t ndmix d-us d v lopm nts (dist i t h ting, publi t nspo t). consid ing qu lityo li nd qu lity o st y issu s (p ks, squ s, v ntil tion) l ds to sho t t v ldist n s, du d cO2 missions, nd mo i nt supply nd in st u tup iti s.

Th ity o sho t dist n s p odu s l ss t nd cO2 nd onsum s l ssn gy. It is o m d by tt tiv nd vit l dist i ts with good in st u tu , m inlylo l nd gion l supply s vi s, ultu l o s, high-qu lity nd oss-link ddu tion l nd iliti s o ll g s, sy ssibl g n nd l isu sp snd v i d spo ts o . In o d to void indu d t , ons qu nt mix o us sis omm nd d o built-up s s w ll s o n w n ighbou hoods nd buildings.u th mo , th s n ighbou hoods s u lo l supply, imp ov wo k-li b l n ,llow ld ly p opl to m int in n ind p nd nt li styl nd ont ibut to ommuni-tion nd s ty.

Th onv sions o inn ity b own lds in Ludwigsbu g good x mpl s oomp t nd mix d-us u b n n ighbou hoods with th s qu liti s.

Lesson 18: Energetic optimisation o existing neighbourhoods is an important task or theuture. en gy-s ving nov tion should b n impo t nt p in ipl o u b n pl nning nd u b ng n tion. about 90 % o G m n buildings not o only insu i ntly insul t d

th m lly. Post-w n ighbou hoods in th most u g nt n d o tion in g d ton gy i n y. H , omp h nsiv s h m s o n g ti nd u b n d v lopm nt n d d. N v th l ss, p io itizing is in vit bl . M yb n v g imp ov m nt o

lo l n gy st nd ds is mo tiv th n th opul nt sto tion o solit y buildings.

Wh n n gy is nti ly g in d om n w bl s nd vi tu l pow pl nts, th n ssityto hi v th high st n gy st nd d o ll buildings b om s obsol t . This is p ti -ul ly impo t nt o l ndm k d buildings.

P omoting th n gy i nt nov tion o buildings h s to go long with nt ind xth t di nti t s b tw n nov t d nd not nov t d buildings. Th qu stion wh tht n nts h v to y p ts o th nov tion osts still m ins ont ov si l. Sust in blbuilding st nd ds nnot simply b ppli d to nti u b n n ighbou hoods.

at p s nt, ti tion syst ms o u b n n ighbou hoods b ing d v lop d inG m ny. It is impo t nt to to lo l n ds nd onditions. also, int d p nd n i sb tw n ologi l, so i l nd onomi sp ts nd ts h v to b b l n d.


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W bsit Ludwigsbu g K isz itung (2010): www.lkz.d

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Abbreviations

aG a b itsg m ins h t ( wo king g oup )BaU busin ss s usu l (BaU)-Sz n ioBBr Bund s mt ü B uw s n und r umo dnung ( d l O o Building nd r gion l Pl nning )BBSr Bund sinstitut ü B u-, St dt- und r um o s hung ( Th d l Institut o r s h on Building,

U b n a i s nd Sp ti l D v lopm nt )

BM Bü g m ist ( m yo )BMWi Bund sminist ium ü Wi ts h t und T hnologi ( d l Minist y o e onomi s nd T hnology )BMU Bund sminist ium ü Umw lt, N tu s hutz und r kto si h h it ( d l Minist y o th

envi onm nt, N tu cons v tion nd Nu l S ty )BMVBS Bund sminist ium ü V k h , B u und St dt ntwi klung ( d l Minist y o T nspo t, Building

nd U b n D v lopm nt )Blüb Blüh nd s B o k G t ns h u Ludwigsbu g GmbH ( ho ti ultu l show )B-Pl n B b uungspl n ( l nd d v lopm nt pl n )cO2 Kohl ndioxid ( bon dioxid )ee e n u b en gi n ( n w bl n gy )ecBcS en gy cons v tion in Buildings nd community Syst mseNBW en gi B d n-Wü tt mb g aG ( n gy suppli )e.ON aG p iv t s en gi di nstl istungsunt n hm n ( p iv t n gy p ovid )eU eu opäis h Union ( eu op n Union )mz ilm- und M di nz nt um Ludwigsbu g GmbH ( c nt o in m nd m di )G mO G m ind o dnung ( lo l gov nm nt l w )G Z G s hossfä h nz hl ( foo -sp tio )GHG T ibh usg s ( g nhous g s )GH G bäud höh ( h ight o onst u tion )GrZ G undfä h nz hl ( sit o up n y tio )GWh Gig w ttstund n ( Gig w tt Hou )h H kt ( h t )Iea Int n tion l en gi g ntu ( Int n tion l en gy ag n y )Ier Institut ü en gi wi ts h t und r tion ll en gi nw ndung (Ier) ( Institut o n gy indust y

nd tion l us o n gy) IPcc Int gov nm nt l P n l on clim t ch ngkWh/ Kilow ttstund n p o J h ( kilow tt-hou p nnum )kWh l Kilow ttstund n l kt is h ( kilow tt-hou l t i l )LB Ludwigsbu gMI Mis hg bi t ( mix d zon )Mio. Million n (million )MMS Mit-M ßn hm n-Sz n io ( m su s n io )MOrO Mod llvo h b n d r umo dnungNOX Sti koxyd ( oxid s o nit og n )OB Ob bü g m ist ( Lo d M yo )

ÖPNV Ö ntli h P son nn hv k h ( publi t nspo t )PaG Ludwigsbu g P ki ungs nl g n GmbH ( p king o g niz tion )qm Qu d tm t ( squ m t )re e n u b en gi n ( n w bl n gi s )SeL eig nb t i b St dt ntwäss ung Ludwigsbu g ( u b n d in g )SHL Städtis h Holding Ludwigsbu g GmbHSO Sond g bi t ( sp i l )St St llplätz ( p king sp )SWLB St dtw k Ludwigsbu g-Ko nw sth im ( lo l n gy suppli ) t Tonn n ( m t i ton )THG T ibh usg s ( g nhous g s )T nd T nd-Sz n io od busin ss s usu l (BaU)-Sz n io

UN Di V int n N tion n ( Unit d N tions )VKU V b nd kommun l Unt n hm n ( Union commun l Busin ss comp ni s )VrS V b nd r gion Stuttg t ( Union r gion Stuttg t )Wa allg m in Wohng bi t ( g n l sid nti l )We Wohn inh it n ( housing unit )WLB Wohnungsb u Ludwigsbu g GmbH ( dom sti buildings )

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