subject index - worcester polytechnic institute · subject index a a-optimal designs ......

Subject Index

AA-optimal designs

See optimal designs, optimality criteriaaberration of a design

See minimum aberrationacceptance probability

double-sampling plan, 1853–1854PROBACC2 function, 1853Type A sampling, 1856–1858, 1861–1862Type B sampling, 1854–1855, 1861–1862

acceptance samplingaverage outgoing quality, 1842–1843, 1861–1862average sample number, 1843–1844, 1861, 1863average total inspection, 1845–1846, 1861–1862evaluating double-sampling plans, 1863evaluating single-sampling plans, 1861, 1863probability of choosing nonconforming items,

1854–1858types of sampling plans, 1861

alias chains, 1884alias structure

breaking links, example, 461–463details, 496examining, 1884–1885example, 458–460, 475–477finding, 1884–1885listing with GLM procedure, 754syntax, 448

analysis of variance, 487analyzing designs, 1883analyzing factorial designs, 1885Anderson-Darling statistic, 38, 160Anderson-Darling test, 24annotating

cdf plots, 72comparative histograms, 96example, 703–705histograms, 131P-P plots, 258probability plots, 286Q-Q plots, 315Shewhart charts, 1615

augment, factorial designexample, 458, 461

autocorrelation in process data, 1756–1762diagnosing and modeling, 1757–1758strategies for handling, 1758–1762

average and range chartsSee �X andR charts

average and range methodGAGE application, 1818gage studies, 1809, 1825

average and standard deviation chartsSee �X ands charts

average chartGAGE application, 1817gage studies, 1809, 1824

average chartsSee �X charts

average outgoing qualityAOQ2 function, 1842Type B single-sampling, 1861–1862

average run lengths (cusum charts)See cumulative sum control chartscusum schemes, 1849–1850EWMA scheme, 1852

average sample numberASN2 function, 1843Type B single-sampling, 1862

average total inspectionATI2 function, 1845Type B single-sampling, 1862

axes, Pareto charts, 814, 816, 849–850axes, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, axesaxial portion of CCD designs, 1889–1890

Bbalanced incomplete block design

See block designsbalanced lattice, 478Bayesian optimal designs, 732, 742, 753beta distribution

cdf plots, 72chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159deviation from empirical distribution, 159EDF goodness-of-fit test, 159histograms, 131, 149histograms, example, 170P-P plots, 258probability plots, 286Q-Q plots, 315

block designsbalanced lattice, examples, 478optimal designs, examples, 727, 755randomized complete, examples, 463

block specification, FACTEX procedureblock pseudo-factors, 442, 447

1902 � Subject Index

block size, 442block size restrictions, 448minimum block size, 442number of blocks, 442, 447runs per block, 447

block structureSee blocks

blocking, FACTEX procedureblock pseudo-factor, 505blocking factor, 505example, 485incomplete block design, example, 478randomization, 492rename block variable, 453

blocksand aliasing, 1884default names for, 1877, 1886, 1890specifying, 1876–1877, 1880, 1884–1886, 1890

box chartsbox appearance, options, 1618, 1620–1622, 1634,

1643, 1654box-and-whisker plots, description of, 1073box-and-whisker plots, style of, 1618capability indices, computing, 1076control limit equations, 1073–1074control limits, specifying, 1624displaying points, 1618examples, advanced, 1086examples, introductory, 1050labeling axes, 1084missing values, 1085notation, 1072ODS tables, 1079options summarized by function, 1063–1065,

1067–1069, 1071outlier identification color, 1632outlier identification symbol, 1633overview, 1049percentile computation, 1083, 1648plotting character, 1063reading preestablished control limits, 1061, 1080reading raw measurements, 1050–1053, 1079–

1080reading subgroup summary statistics, 1053–1056,

1080–1082reading summary statistics and control limits, 1060,

1082–1083saving control limits, 1058–1059, 1075–1076saving subgroup summary statistics, 1056–1058,

1076–1077saving summary statistics and control limits, 1059–

1060, 1077–1078schematic box-and-whisker plots, 1090side-by-side box-and-whisker plots, 1049, 1074,

1089skeletal box-and-whisker plots, 1089standard deviation, estimating, 1083syntax, 1062tables, creating, 1663

Box-Cox transformations, 1876, 1881–1882Box-Wilson designs

See central composite designs

Cc charts

central line, 1126control limit equations, 1126–1127control limit parameters, 1127examples, advanced, 1134examples, introductory, 1106getting started, 1106known number of nonconformities, specifying,

1136–1137labeling axes, 1133missing values, 1133notation, 1125ODS tables, 1130options summarized by function, 1117–1121,

1123overview, 1105plotted points, 1125plotting character, 1116reading number of nonconformities, 1111–1113,

1131–1132reading preestablished control limits, 1110–1111,

1130–1131reading raw data, 1106–1108, 1130reading subgroup data and control limits, 1132–

1133saving control limits, 1108–1109, 1127–1128saving nonconformities per unit, 1113–1114saving number of nonconformities, 1128saving subgroup data and control limits, 1129syntax, 1115tests for special causes, 1134–1136

candidate data set, OPTEX procedureSee optimal designs, candidate data set

candidate points, generating with ADXXVERTmacro, 1896

capability indicesCpm(a), 24Ppk versusCpk, 45assumptions, 45Boyles’ indexC+

pm, 50computing, 46, 48–50computing, example, 11confidence interval, example, 60, 245confidence limits, 20estimation from Q-Q plots, 317, 334estimation from Q-Q plots, example, 343nonstandard indices, computing, 243specialized, 50specification limits, example, 11specification limits, specifying, 28–29terminology, 45tests for normality, 19the indexCjkp, 51the indexk, 50

SAS OnlineDoc: Version 8

Subject Index � 1903

the indicesCp(5:15), 52the indicesCpk(5:15), 52the indicesCpm(a), 51the indicesCpmk, 52Wright’s indexCs, 53

CAPABILITY procedureintroduction, 3learning about, 4plot statements, 4

cdf plotsannotating, 72axes, color, 73axes, specifying, 79beta distribution, 72creating, 66defining character features, 22, 73, 78example, 66exponential distribution, 74font, specifying, 74gamma distribution, 74getting started, 66legends, 76lognormal distribution, 76normal distribution, 77normal distribution, example, 81options summarized by function, 68–71overview, 65reference lines, example, 82reference lines, options, 73–76, 79suppressing empirical cdf, 77suppressing legend, 77Weibull distribution, 79

center points, example, 460central composite designs, 1889–1891

centerpoints, 1889–1890macros for, 1889–1891

centroids, and ADXXVERT macro, 1896chart description, Shewhart charts, 1628chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159

compared to EDF test, 177classification variable

See comparative histogramsclassification variables, OPTEX procedure

See optimal designs, modelclassification variables, Pareto charts, 888, 893clipping points, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, clipping pointscoding designs, 1876

See also optimal designs, codingcoding, FACTEX procedure

block factor, 453design factor, 452

coefficient of variationcomputing, 35

collapsing factors, example, 469coloring Pareto charts

See Pareto charts, coloringcoloring, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, coloring

comparative histogramsannotating, 96axes, color of, 97bar width, specifying, 97bins, specifying, 104bins, specifying midpoints of, 104classification variable, missing values of, 104classification variable, ordering levels of, 107classification variable, specifying, 98–99color, options, 97–98, 100columns, number of, 105font, specifying, 101–102getting started, 88grids, 102intervals, information about, 108kernel density estimation, options, 97, 103, 109legend, 105, 108line type, grids, 103normal distribution, example, 90normal distribution, options, 106, 109one-way with inset statistics, example, 110one-way, example, 88options summarized by function, 93–96overview, 87reference lines, options, 101–103, 108–109rows, number of, 106specification limits, 100specification limits, filled areas, 27–29suppressing plot features, 105–106two-way, example, 112vertical scale, 109

comparative Pareto chartsSee Pareto charts, comparative

computational form of the cusum chartSee cumulative sum control charts

confidence intervalsSee intervals, CAPABILITY procedure

confidence levels, 19confidence limits, 19–21

basic parameters, 20confidence levels, 19distribution-free, 20for percentiles, 40normally distributed, 21percentiles, 20–21probability of exceeding specifications, 21process capability indices, 20quantiles, 20–21

confidence limits, CAPABILITY procedureconfidence level, 20–21, 25–26, 1623type, 20–21, 25–26, 1623

confoundingSee alias structure

confounding rulescompare with alias structure, 496design factors, 504details, 496example, 475minimum aberration, 497



notation, 496orthogonally confounded, 505partial confounding, example, 475run-indexing factors, 503searching, 506syntax, 449unconfounded effects, 505

connecting points, Shewhart charts, 1624constants

using functions to calculate, 1863constants, control charts

A2, 1863A3, 1863B3, 1863B4, 1863B5, 1863B6, 1863c4, 1848c5, 1863D1, 1863d2, 1850D2, 1863d3, 1851D3, 1863D4, 1863E2, 1863E3, 1863

constrained mixture designsSee mixture designs

constrained mixture experimentsADXMAMD macro, 1893ADXXVERT macro, 1896

constructingmacros for factorial designs, 1883, 1886McLean-Anderson designs, 1893Plackett-Burman designs, 1883, 1887simplex-centroid designs, 1894simplex-lattice designs, 1895

contamination, varianceBAYESACT call, 1846

control chart functionsexpected value of range, 1850standard deviation of range, 1851

control factor design, 495control factors, 495control factors, example, 482control limits, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, control limitscorrelated runs, designs with

See optimal designs, optimal blockingcovariance, optimal designs with

See optimal designs, optimal blockingcovariates, optimal designs with

See optimal designs, optimal blockingCramér-von Mises statistic, 39Cramér-von Mises test, 24Cramer-von Mises statistic, 161creating designs

See macros for experimental design

cumulative distributionSee cdf plots

cumulative percent curveSee Pareto charts, cumulative percent curve

cumulative sum control chartsannotating, 356average run length approach, 397–399central reference value, 398color, options, 385compared with Shewhart charts, 401computational form, 368–371cusum schemes, specifying, 389decision interval, defining, 394–395designing a cusum scheme, 397–399detecting shifts, 386, 389economic design, 398error probability approach, 398examples, advanced, 410examples, introductory, 362FIR (fast initial response) feature, 392–393graphics catalog, specifying, 357headstart values, 386, 392–393interpreting one-sided charts, 395interpreting two-sided charts, 364, 397introduction, 351learning about, 352line printer features, 356–357line types, options, 387line widths, options, 390lineprinter plots, using, 358lower cumulative sum, 392missing values, 409monitoring variability, example, 410–412negative shifts, 392nonstandardized data, 385notation, 391ODS tables, 406one-sided (decision interval) schemes, 368–371,

392options summarized by function, 376–384origin, specifying, 388overview, 361plotting character, 376positive shifts, 392process mean, specifying, 387process standard deviation, specifying, 389reading cusum scheme parameters, 358, 373–374,

407–408reading raw measurements, 356, 362–364, 406–

407reading subgroup summary statistics, 357, 365–

366, 408–409reference values, specifying, 386saving cusum scheme parameters, 371–372, 404–

405saving subgroup summary statistics, 367–368, 405saving summary statistics and cusum parameters,

405Shewhart charts, combined with, 415–416



standard deviation, estimating, 389, 401–404suppressing average run length calculation, 387suppressing display of V-mask, 387syntax, 356, 375two-sided (V-mask) schemes, 393–394two-sided (V-mask) schemes, examples, 362–366Type 1 error probabilities, 385, 389Type 2 error probabilities, 385upper and lower cumulative sum charts, combining,

413–414upper cumulative sum, 392V-mask, defining, 395–397

curvature, check for, example, 460customizing designs, 1876, 1878cusum charts

See cumulative sum control chartscusum schemes

designing with CUSUMARL function, 1849–1850

DD-optimal designs

See optimal designs, optimality criteriadata collection forms, creating, 1880decoding designs, 1877–1878default factor names, 1877, 1886, 1893–1896density estimation

See kernel density estimationderived factors, FACTEX procedure

creating, 455example, 468

descriptive statisticscomputing, 34–35printing, example, 9using PROC CAPABILITY, 9

design augmentation, 726, 732, 738, 750design characteristics, FACTEX procedure

alias structure, 443, 496confounding rules, 443, 496design listing, 449

design criteriaSee optimal designs, optimality criteria

design of experimentsSee macros for experimental design

design size specification, FACTEX procedurefraction, 442, 456minimum runs, 442, 456number of runs, 442, 456run indexing factors, 442, 456syntax, 455–456

design size specification, OPTEX procedure, 738design, factorial

See factorial designDETMAX algorithm

See optimal designs, search algorithmsdistance from a point to a set, 778distance-based designs

See optimal designs, space-filling designsdouble-sampling plans

See acceptance sampling

EEDF

See empirical distribution functioneffect length, FACTEX procedure

limit, 446effect length, OPTEX procedure

limit, 734empirical distribution function

definition of, 37, 159EDF test compared to chi-square goodness-of-fit

test, 177EDF test statistics, 37–38, 159EDF test statistics, Anderson-Darling, 38, 160EDF test statistics, Cramér-von Mises, 39EDF test statistics, Cramer-von Mises, 161EDF test statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, 38, 160EDF test, probability values, 161

estimable effects, 1883EWMA charts

asymptotic control limits, displaying, 630asymptotic control limits, example, 650average run lengths, computing, 658axis labels, 647central line, 634control limit equations, 634control limits, computing, 630, 634displaying subgroup means, example, 656examples, advanced, 649examples, introductory, 610missing values, 648notation, 633ODS tables, 642options summarized by function, 621–625, 627–

628overview, 609plotted points, 633plotting character, 621plotting subgroup means, 631probability limits, 630process mean, specifying, 631process standard deviation, specifying, 632reading preestablished control limit parameters,

618–619, 643reading probability limits, 631reading raw measurements, 610–612, 642reading subgroup summary statistics, 612–615,


644–645saving control limit parameters, 616–617, 639–

640saving subgroup summary statistics, 615–616, 640saving summary statistics and control limits, 617–

618, 640–641specifying parameters for, 649–650standard deviation, estimating, 645–647syntax, 620varying subgroup sample sizes, 651weight parameter, choosing, 635



weight parameter, specifying, 632examine design, FACTEX procedure

See design characteristics, FACTEX procedureexamples, FACTEX procedure

advanced, 457alias links breaking, 458center points, 460collapsing factors, 469completely randomized, 457derived factors, 468design replication, 464, 467fold-over design, 461full factorial, 431full factorial in blocks, 433getting started, 431half-fraction factorial, 435hyper-Graeco-Latin square, 471incomplete block design, 478minimum aberration, 472mixed-level, 467–468partial confounding, 475point replication, 464, 467pseudo-factors, 468randomized complete block design, 463RCBD, 463replication, 464, 467resolution III design, 461resolution IV, 472resolution IV, augmented, 458sequential construction, 475

exchange algorithmSee optimal designs, search algorithms

expected valuefor range of iid normal variables, 1850–1851for standard deviation of iid normal sample, 1848–

1849experimental design, macros for

See macros for experimental designexponential distribution

cdf plots, 74chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159deviation from empirical distribution, 159EDF goodness-of-fit test, 159histograms, 134, 150P-P plots, 259–260probability plots, 288Q-Q plots, 318

exponentially weighted moving average chartsSee EWMA charts

extreme vertex designsSee mixture designs

extreme vertices designs, 1896–1897

FFACTEX procedure

block specification, 446block specification options, summary, 442design factor levels, 450design size options, summary, 442

design size specification, 455design specification options, summary, 442examining design characteristics, 448factor specification options, summary, 442features, 429getting started examples, 431invoking, 446learning about FACTEX, 430listing design factors, 449model specification, 450model specification options, summary, 442output, 452overview, 429randomization, 454replication, 454resolution, 451statement descriptions, 446summary of functions, 442syntax, 441using interactively, 437

factor names, defaults, 1877, 1886, 1893–1896factor specification, FACTEX procedure

factor names, 442levels, 442

factorial designsexamples, See examples, FACTEX procedurebalanced lattice, 478efficiency, 451finding, 1887–1888fractional factorial, minimum aberration, 497fractional factorial, theory, 503macros for, 1883–1888mixed-level, 455orthogonal, 467replicate, 454resolution, 451

factorial portion of CCD designs, 1889factors, FACTEX procedure

block factor, 488, 505block pseudo-factor, 488, 496, 505derived factor, 488design factor, 488design factor coding, 452design factor levels, 450design factor names, 449pseudo-factor, 488run-indexing factor, 489, 496, 503types, 488

Fedorov algorithmSee optimal designs, search algorithms

filling area underneath densityhistograms, 135

FIR (fast initial response) featureSee cumulative sum control charts

fold-over design, example, 461folded normal distribution, histograms

example, 182fonts, customizing, 1867–1869fonts, Shewhart charts, 1628



fractional factorial designsSee also factorial designmacros for, 1883–1888

frequency data, Pareto charts, 802–804, 838–839frequency tables, 23full inspection and ASN2 function, 1843functions

AOQ2, 1842–1843, 1863ASN2, 1843–1844, 1863ATI2, 1845–1846, 1863BAYESACT call, 1846–1848C4, 1848–1849, 1863CUSUMARL, 1849–1850D2, 1850–1851, 1863D3, 1851–1852, 1863EWMAARL, 1852for acceptance sampling, 1841for control chart analysis, 1841for sampling plans, 1841PROBACC2, 1853–1854, 1863PROBBNML, 1854–1855, 1861PROBHYPR, 1856–1858, 1861PROBMED, 1858–1859STDMED, 1859–1860summary of, 1841

GG-optimal designs

See optimal designs, optimality criteriaGAGE application

See gage studiesaverage and range method, 1818average chart, 1817data set format, 1831entering data, 1813–1815, 1822gage catalog, 1811introduction to, 1809invoking, 1811missing data, 1819range chart, 1815reading data set, 1822saving data, 1821variance components method, 1820

gage catalog, 1811gage repeatability and reproducibility

average and range method, 1827introduction to, 1809variance components method, 1830

gage studiesSee GAGE applicationaverage and range method, 1809, 1825average chart, 1809, 1824example, 1811introduction to, 1809measurement system, 1809–1810missing data, 1831part-to-part variation, average and range method,

1827

part-to-part variation, average chart, 1817, 1824–1825

part-to-part variation, variance componentsmethod, 1830

range chart, 1809, 1824repeatability, 1809–1810repeatability and reproducibility, 1809repeatability and reproducibility, average and range

method, 1827repeatability and reproducibility, variance compo-

nents method, 1830repeatability, average and range method, 1826repeatability, range chart, 1815, 1824repeatability, variance components method, 1830reproducibility, 1809–1810reproducibility, average and range method, 1826reproducibility, average chart, 1817, 1824reproducibility, variance components method,

1830terminology, 1810variance components method, 1809, 1828

gamma distributioncdf plots, 74chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159deviation from empirical distribution, 159EDF goodness-of-fit test, 159histograms, 136, 151P-P plots, 260–261probability plots, 289–290Q-Q plots, 318–319

generalized faces and ADXXVERT macro, 1896geometric moving average charts

See EWMA chartsgetting started, CAPABILITY procedure

adding insets to plots, 192creating histograms, 118cumulative distribution plot, 66distribution of variable across classes, 88prediction, confidence, and tolerance intervals,

218probability plot, 276probability-probability plot, 252quantile-quantile plot, 308saving summary statistics, 234summary statistics for process capability, 9

getting started, CUSUM procedureadding insets to plots, 420

getting started, MACONTROL procedureadding insets to plots, 710

getting started, PARETO procedureadding insets to plots, 870

getting started, SHEWHART procedureadding insets to plots, 1596

Gini’s mean difference, 24GLM procedure, 487global macro variables, 1878goodness-of-fit test

See chi-square goodness-of-fit testSee empirical distribution function



Graeco-Latin square, 471graphical output, Pareto charts, 795graphics catalog, specifying

CAPABILITY procedure, 23grid options, Shewhart charts, 1628–1629, 1635, 1675

Hhanging histograms, 137HBAR charts

options summarized by function, 842–847syntax, 842

headstart values in cusum schemes, 1849histogramsSB distribution, 144, 151SL distribution, 139SN distribution, 142SU distribution, 145, 153comparative, See comparative histogramsadding summary statistics, 122annotating, 131axis color, 133axis scaling, 147bar width, 141bars, suppressing, 141beta distribution, 131, 149beta distribution, example, 170capability indices, based on fitted distribution, 138capability indices, based on fitted distribution, com-

puting, 162–163capability indices, based on fitted distribution, ex-

ample, 178–179changing midpoints, example, 122chi-square goodness-of-fit for fitted distribution,

159color, options, 133–134endpoints of intervals, 143exponential distribution, 134, 150filling area underneath density, 135folded normal distribution, annotating, 182gamma distribution, 136, 151getting started, 118graphical enhancements, 168interval midpoints, 164JohnsonSB distribution, 144, 151JohnsonSL distribution, 139JohnsonSN distribution, 142JohnsonSU distribution, 145, 153kernel density estimation, 156kernel density estimation, example, 179kernel density estimation, options, 132, 138, 147legend, options, 134, 139, 143legends, suppressing, 141–142line type, 139lognormal distribution, 139, 154midpoints, 140–141multiple distributions, example, 172normal distribution, 142, 155normal distribution, example, 120ODS tables, 167

options summarized by function, 125–127, 129–130

output data sets, 143, 164, 166–167overview, 117percentile axis, 143percentiles, 164plots, suppressing, 142printed output, 157–164printed output, capability indices based on fitted

distribution, 162–164printed output, intervals, 164printed output, suppressing, 141–142quantiles, 143, 164reference lines, options, 133–134, 137–140, 147saving curve parameters, 164saving goodness-of-fit results, 164specification limits, color, 27specification limits, example, 118specification limits, filled areas, 28–29symbols for curves, 146three-parameter lognormal distribution, example,

181three-parameter Weibull distribution, example,

181tick marks on horizontal axis, 137Weibull distribution, 147, 155

hyper-Graeco-Latin square, example, 471

Iincomplete block design

See block designsindependent estimate of error, examples, 460, 464individual measurement and moving range charts

axis labeling, 1173capability indices, computing, 1167central line, 1164control limit equations, 1165examples, advanced, 1175examples, introductory, 1144interpreting, 1173missing values, 1174moving range calculation, controlling, 1151–1152notation, 1164ODS tables, 1169options summarized by function, 1154–1156,

1158–1160, 1162–1163overview, 1143plotted points, 1164plotting character, 1154reading measurements, 1144–1145, 1169reading measurements and ranges, 1147–1148,

1170–1171reading measurements, ranges, and control limits,

1150, 1171–1172reading preestablished control limits, 1150–1151,

1169–1170saving control limits, 1148, 1166–1167saving measurements and ranges, 1146, 1167



saving measurements, ranges, and control limits,1149, 1168

standard deviation, estimating, 1172standard values, specifying, 1177–1178syntax, 1153tests for special causes, 1175–1177univariate plots, displaying, 1179–1180

information matrix, 733, 737initialization for design search

See optimal designs, initializationinitializing

designs, 1878macro variables, 1876

inner array, 482, 495input data sets, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, input data setsinsets

background color, 205, 878, 1605background color of header, 205, 878, 1605displaying summary statistics, example, 192, 870,

1596drop shadow color, 205, 878, 1605formatting values, example, 193, 871, 1598frame color, 205, 878, 1605getting started, 192, 420, 710, 870, 1596goodness-of-fit statistics, example, 211header text color, 205, 878, 1605header text, specifying, 194, 206, 873, 879, 1599,

1606labels, example, 193, 871, 1598legend, example, 212overview, 191, 419, 709, 869, 1595positioning, details, 207–210, 880–883, 1607–

1610positioning, example, 194, 873, 1599positioning, options, 205–206, 878–879, 1606statistics associated with distributions, 199–203summary statistics grouped by function, 198–199,

876, 1602suppressing frame, 206, 879, 1606text color, 205, 878, 1606

interaction, FACTEX procedurealias structure, 496between control and noise factors, 485confounding, 504examples, 475, 486–487generalized, 467, 504–505minimum aberration, 497minimum aberration, example, 472nonnegligible, 504resolution, 491specify terms, 450, 489

interquartile range, 24saving in output data set, 241

intervalsODS tables, 229

intervals, CAPABILITY procedurecomputing for process capability analysis, 222computing intervals, example, 218

confidence levels, specifying, 223confidence, for mean, 223, 227confidence, for standard deviation, 223, 227list of options, 222notation used in computing, 225number of future observations, 223one-sided limits, example, 220prediction, for future observations, 223, 225prediction, for mean, 223, 226prediction, for standard deviation, 223, 227prediction,k-values for, 223saving information, output data set, 224, 228specifying method used, 223specifying type of, 224suppressing output tables, 224tolerance, 226tolerance, for proportion of population, 223tolerance,p-values for, 224tolerance, specifying proportion of population, 224

Ishikawa diagramsadding arrows, 534–536aligning arrows, 551–557arrow colors, 572–577arrow heads, 579arrow line style, 572–577arrow line width, 572–577balancing arrows, 551–557box color, modifying, 571box shadow, 580clipboard graphics, 568–569color, arrow, 572–577color, box, 571color, palette, 572–577color, text, 578context-sensitive operations, 517, 529–531data collection, 557–558data presentation, 557–558deleting arrows, 544–546detail, decreasing, 558–560detail, increasing, 558–560Edit menu, 532editing existing diagrams, 582–583editing labels, 537–539examples, Integrated Circuit Failures, 589examples, Photo Development Process, 589examples, Quality of Air Travel Service, 589exporting diagrams, 568–569File menu, 532fonts, modifying, 570Help menu, 533highlighting arrows, 572–577history, 515hotspots, 517, 529–531isolating arrows, 562–563labeling arrows, 537–539line palette, 572–577managing complexity, 558–565merging diagrams, 563–565mouse sensitivity, 580



moving arrows, 540–544, 549–557multiple diagrams, displaying, 563–565, 584notepads, 557–558output, bitmaps, 568–569output, graphics, 566–567output, SAS data set, 581, 586–587overview, 515palettes, colors, 572–577palettes, fonts, 570palettes, lines, 572–577printing, bitmaps, 568–569printing, SAS/GRAPH output, 566–567resizing arrows, 546–549SAS data set, input, 582–583, 586–587SAS data set, output, 581, 586–587saving, bitmaps, 568–569saving, clipboard graphics, 568–569saving, graphics, 566–567saving, SAS data set, 581subsetting arrows, 546–549, 572–577summary of operations, 529–533swapping arrows, 549–551syntax, 588tagging arrows, 546–549, 572–577terminology, 517text entry, 537–539tutorial, 519, 521–525undo, 544–546View menu, 533zooming arrows, 561–562, 580

JJohnsonSB distribution

histograms, 144, 151JohnsonSL distribution

histograms, 139JohnsonSN distribution

histograms, 142JohnsonSU distribution

histograms, 145, 153

Kk-exchange algorithm

See optimal designs, search algorithmskernel

See kernel density estimationkernel density estimation, 156

adding density curve to histogram, 138area underneath density curve, 101, 135bandwidth parameter, specifying, 97, 132color, 100, 133density curve, width of, 109, 147example, 179filling area under density curve, 101, 135kernel function, specifying type of, 102, 138line type for density curve, 103, 139options used with, 103, 138

kernel functionSee kernel density estimation

Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic, 38, 160Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, 24kurtosis

computing, 35saving in output data set, 240

Llabeling central line, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, labeling central linelabeling Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, labelingline types, Shewhart charts

See Shewhart charts, line typeslists of designs

central composite designs, 1891factorial design, 1887–1888

location parameterprobability plots, 300Q-Q plots, 333

lognormal distributioncdf plots, 76chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159deviation from empirical distribution, 159EDF goodness-of-fit test, 159histograms, 139, 154, 181P-P plots, 262probability plots, 291Q-Q plots, 320–321

Mmacro variables

See global macro variablesmacros for experimental design, 1873–1874, 1876–

1897adding centerpoints, 1889adding points to a design, 1892adding variables for second-order models, 1879ADXADCEN macro, 1889–1890ADXALIAS macro, 1884–1885ADXCCD macro, 1890–1891ADXCODE macro, 1876–1877ADXDCODE macro, 1877–1878ADXFFA macro, 1885–1886ADXFFD data set, 1886ADXFFD macro, 1886–1887ADXFILL macro, 1892–1893ADXINIT macro, 1878–1879ADXMAMD macro, 1893–1894ADXPBD macro, 1887ADXPCC macro, 1891ADXPFF macro, 1887–1888ADXQMOD macro, 1879–1880ADXRPRT macro, 1880ADXSCD macro, 1894–1895ADXSLD macro, 1895ADXTRANS macro, 1881–1882ADXXVERT macro, 1896–1897analyzing factorial designs, 1885Box-Cox transformations, 1881–1882



calling, 1874central composite designs, 1890–1891coding design factors, 1876constructing factorial designs, 1886decoding design factors, 1877–1878default factor names, 1877, 1886, 1893–1896defining global macro variables, 1878examining alias structure, 1884–1885extreme vertices designs, 1896–1897filling in the design region, 1892fractional factorial design, 1883–1888including files for, 1874initializing designs, 1878lists of factorial designs, 1887–1888McLean-Anderson designs, 1893overview of, 1873Plackett-Burman designs, 1887randomizing designs, 1880renaming design factors, 1877–1878simplex-centroid designs, 1894simplex-lattice designs, 1895software requirements, 1874structure of, 1874XVERT algorithm, 1896–1897

main effect, 489, 491, 504–505main effect, examples, 475–477, 486–487main-effects-only designs, 1887maximum likelihood and power transformations, 1881maximum value

saving in output data set, 240McLean-Anderson designs, 1893–1894mean

saving in output data set, 240mean and range charts

See �X andR chartsmean and standard deviation charts

See �X ands chartsmean charts

See �X chartsmeasurement system, gage studies, 1809–1810measures of location

mode, 45median

probability function for, 1858saving in output data set, 240standard deviation of, 1859

median absolute deviation about the median, 24median andR charts

axis labels, 1257central line, 1243control limit equations, 1243examples, advanced, 1253examples, introductory, 1220labeling axes, 1252missing values, 1252notation, 1242ODS tables, 1247options summarized by function, 1232–1233,

1235–1238, 1240

overview, 1219plotted points, 1243plotting character, 1232reading preestablished control limits, 1229–1230,

1248–1249reading raw measurements, 1220–1221, 1248reading subgroup summary statistics, 1222–1225,




1228, 1246–1247standard deviation, estimating, 1251–1252syntax, 1231

median and range chartsSee median andR charts

median chartscapability indices, computing, 1209central line, 1207control limit equations, 1207examples, introductory, 1184labeling axes, 1215missing values, 1215notation, 1206ODS tables, 1211options summarized by function, 1196–1198,

1200–1201, 1203–1204overview, 1183plotted points, 1206plotting character, 1196reading preestablished control limits, 1193–1194,

1212reading raw measurements, 1184–1185, 1211–

1212reading subgroup summary statistics, 1186–1189,

1213–1214reading summary statistics and control limits,

1192–1193, 1214–1215saving control limits, 1191–1192, 1208–1209saving subgroup summary statistics, 1189–1191,


1193, 1210–1211standard deviation, estimating, 1215syntax, 1195

minimum aberration, 497aberration vector, 497blocked design, 498example, 472limitation, 474

minimum valuesaving in output data set, 240

missing valuesCAPABILITY procedure, 53CUSUM procedure, 409MACONTROL procedure, 648



output data set, 240SHEWHART procedure, 1539

mixed-level, factorial designconstruction, examples, 467–470derived factors, 455

mixture designsexamples, 728, 762plotting, 763–766

mixture designs, macros for, 1892mixture-process designs

See mixture designsmode

saving in output data set, 240model specification, FACTEX procedure

directly, 450estimated effects, 442, 450indirectly, 450minimum aberration, 442, 451nonnegligible effects, 442, 450resolution, 442, 451resolution, maximum, 451specifying effects, 489

modes, 23modified Fedorov algorithm

See optimal designs, search algorithmsmoving average control charts

See EWMA chartsSee uniformly weighted moving average chartsadding features to, 602average run lengths, displaying, 703graphics catalog, specifying, 603introduction, 597learning about, 598line printer features, 602–603lineprinter plots, creating, 604reading control limit parameters, 604reading raw measurements, 602reading subgroup summary statistics, 603–604syntax, 602

moving range chartsSee individual measurement and moving range

chartsmulti-vari charts

examples using the SHEWHART procedure, 1099multivariate control charts, 1783–1787

chart statistic, calculating, 1783principal component contributions, 1786

mutually orthogonal Latin square, 471, 478

Nnames, default

See default factor namesnaming quadratic variables in ADXQMOD macro,

1879neighbor-balanced designs, 762Newton-Raphson approximation

gamma shape parameter, 71, 130, 140Weibull shape parameter, 73, 133, 140

noise factors, 482, 495

nonconforming itemsprobability of choosing, 1854–1858

nonnormal process data, 1779–1782calculating probability limits, 1780preliminary chart, 1779

normal distributioncdf plots, 77cdf plots, example, 81chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159comparative histograms, 106comparative histograms, example, 90deviation from empirical distribution, 37, 159EDF goodness-of-fit test, 37, 159histograms, 141–142, 155histograms, example, 120P-P plots, 263P-P plots, example, 252probability plots, 292–293Q-Q plots, 322

normal plotsADXFFA macro, 1885

normal random variablesexpected value of standard deviation, 1848standard deviation of range, 1851

normality tests, 24, 36Anderson-Darling test, 24changes made to, 37Cramér-von Mises test, 24Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, 24Shapiro-Wilk test, 24

np chartscentral line, 1284control limit equations, 1284control limit parameters, 1285control limits, specifying, 1298–1300examples, advanced, 1292getting started, 1264labeling axes, 1291missing values, 1291notation, 1283ODS tables, 1288options summarized by function, 1275–1276,

1278–1282overview, 1263plotted points, 1283plotting character, 1274reading preestablished control limits, 1271–1272,

1289, 1298–1300reading raw data, 1264–1266, 1288reading subgroup data, 1266–1268, 1289–1290reading subgroup data and control limits, 1270–

1271, 1290–1291saving control limits, 1269, 1285–1286saving subgroup data, 1268, 1286saving subgroup data and control limits, 1269–

1270, 1286–1287standard average proportion, specifying, 1294–

1295syntax, 1273



tests for special causes, 1292–1293unequal subgroup sample sizes, 1295–1297

null hypothesislocation parameter, 23

Oobservation exclusion, 21OC Curve, 1342, 1497ODS tables

CAPABILITY procedure, 54FACTEX procedure, 499OPTTEX procedure, 784RELIABILITY procedure, 1025–1026

one-way comparative Pareto chartsSee Pareto charts, comparative

Operating Characteristic Curve, 1342, 1497optimal blocking

See optimal designs, optimal blockingoptimal designs

A-efficiency, 773Bayesian optimal designs, 732, 742, 753covariate designs, 731, 742customizing design search, 738D-efficiency, 773data set roles, 767–768design augmentation, 726, 732, 738, 750design augmentation data set, 767–768design characteristic options, summary, 732design listing, 733, 737design search defaults, 738efficiency measures, 773efficiency measures, comparing, 744–747efficiency measures, interpreting, 773epsilon value, 734evaluating an existing design, 740, 760, 781–782examining, 737G-efficiency, 773getting started examples, 721including identification variables, 741, 768–769information matrix, 733, 737input data sets, 767interactively, 737, 745invoking, 734learning about OPTEX procedure, 720listing options, summary, 733memory usage, 779mixture designs, 762number of design points, 732, 738, 741number of search tries, 738, 740number of tries to keep, 740OPTEX procedure features, 719OPTEX procedure overview, 719optimal blocking, 782output, 783output data set, 769prior precision values, 742, 754random number seed, 735resolution IV designs, 753run-time considerations, 779

saturated design, 726, 741saving options, summary, 733search methods, 780search strategies, 783statement descriptions, 734status of search, 735summary of functions, 732–733syntax, 731treatment candidate points, 760variance matrix, 733, 737

optimal designs, candidate data setcreating with ADXFILL macro, 764creating with ADXXVERT macro, 728, 763creating with DATA step, 728, 744creating with FACTEX procedure, 726–728creating with PLAN procedure, 721–722, 747discussion, 767–768examples of creating, advanced, 744examples of creating, introductory, 721recommendations, 752, 783specifying, 734

optimal designs, codingdefault coding, 774discussion, 774examples, 775no coding, 776orthogonal coding, 732, 758–760, 774recommendations, 775specifying, 734static coding, 732, 774summary of options, 732

optimal designs, examplesadvanced, 744Bayesian optimal designs, 753block design, 727, 755design augmentation, 726, 750designs with correlated runs, 760designs with covariates, 758handling many variables, 727initialization, 749introductory, 721mixture design, 728, 762nonstandard modeling, 744reducing candidate set, 752resolution IV design, 753saturated second-order design, 726using different search methods, 747

optimal designs, initializationdefaults, 738–740example, 749initial design data set, 739, 749, 767–768optimal blocking, 736partially random, 739random, 739recommendations, 783sequential, 739specifying, 739summary of options, 732–733

optimal designs, model



abbreviation operators, 771classification variables, 736, 770crossed effects, 771discussion, 770examples, 772factorial model, 772interactions, 771main effects, 771main effects model, 772no-intercept model, 732, 742nonstandard, 744polynomial effects, 770quadratic model, 772regressor effects, 770specifying, 732, 741summary of options, 732types of effects, 741, 770types of variables, 770

optimal designs, optimal blockingA-efficiency, 773block specification, 736classification variables, 737covariance specification, 735covariate designs, 758D-efficiency, 773data sets, 769discussion, 782evaluating an existing design, 782examples, 755, 758, 760initialization, 736number of search tries, 736specifying, 732, 735summary of options, 732suppressing exchange step, 736treatment candidate points, 735, 760tries to keep, 736

optimal designs, optimality criteriaA-optimality, 738, 746, 777computational limitations, 778–779D-optimality, 738, 776default, 738definitions, 776–779discussion, 776distance-based, 776, 778examples, 744, 762G-optimality, 743, 777I-optimality, 777information-based, 776S-optimality, 739, 779specifying, 732, 738–739summary of options, 732types, 776U-optimality, 738, 762, 778

optimal designs, outputblock variable name, 733, 743design number, 743options, 742output data set, 742, 769selecting design by efficiency, 743, 777

transfer variables, 733, 741optimal designs, search algorithms

comparing different algorithms, 747–748default, 738DETMAX, 740, 747–748, 781discussion, 780example, 747–748exchange, 740, 781excursion level for DETMAX, 740Fedorov, 740, 782k-exchange, 740, 781modified Fedorov, 740, 782rank-one updates, 780sequential, 740, 747–748, 781specifying, 733, 740speed, 741, 747–748, 779summary, 733

optimal designs, space-filling designscoding for, 776criteria, 776definitions, 778–779distance from a point to a set, 778efficiency measures, 773examples, 762S-optimality, 779specifying, 738–739U-optimality, 778

optimality criteriaSee optimal designs, optimality criteria

options, Shewhart chartsdictionary, 1613

orthogonal blockingADXPCC macro, 1891

orthogonal confounding, 488–489orthogonal design

theory, 503orthogonal designs

ADXPCC macro, 1891orthogonal fractional factorial designs, macros for,

1883orthogonally confounded designs, 1883–1884outer array, 482, 495outgoing quality

See AOQ2 functionoutput

ADXTRANS macro, 1882output data set, Pareto charts, 891–892output data sets

ADXALIAS macro, 1884–1885ADXCCD macro, 1890–1891ADXCODE macro, 1876ADXFFD macro, 1886ADXMAMD macro, 1893–1894ADXQMOD macro, 1879–1880ADXSCD macro, 1894–1895ADXSLD macro, 1895ADXTRANS macro, 1881–1882ADXXVERT macro, 1896–1897

output data sets, CAPABILITY procedure



creating, 242getting started, 234naming, 237percentile variable names, 238–239percentiles, 238saving capability indices and related statistics, 240saving specification limits and related statistics,

240saving summary statistics, 240–241saving test statistics, 241

output data sets, Shewhart chartsSee Shewhart charts, output data sets

output, FACTEX procedurecode design factor levels, 443, 452decode block factor levels, 443, 453decode design factor levels, 443, 452details, 498options, 452output data set, 452, 498rename block variable, 443, 453

output, OPTEX procedureSee optimal designs, output

Pp charts

central line, 1325control limit equations, 1325control limit parameters, 1326control limits, revising, 1340–1342examples, advanced, 1334getting started, 1304labeling axes, 1332missing values, 1333notation, 1324OC curves, 1342–1344ODS tables, 1329options summarized by function, 1316–1321,

1323overview, 1303plotted points, 1324plotting character, 1315reading preestablished control limits, 1312–1313,

1330reading raw data, 1304–1306, 1329reading subgroup data, 1306–1308, 1330–1331reading subgroup data and control limits, 1311,

1331–1332saving control limits, 1309–1311, 1326–1327saving subgroup data, 1308–1309, 1327saving subgroup data and control limits, 1310–

1311, 1328standard average proportion, specifying, 1336–

1337syntax, 1314tests for special causes, 1334–1335unequal subgroup sample sizes, 1337–1339

P-P plotsannotating, 258axes, color of, 259

axes, horizontal, 261axes, vertical, 264–265beta distribution, 258compared to Q-Q plots, 269distribution options, 255–256, 270distribution reference line, 253, 255exponential distribution, 259frame, color of, 259gamma distribution, 260general plot layout, 256getting started, 252graphics device, options, 257, 271interpreting, 267line printer, options, 257, 264line width, distribution reference line, 265, 271lognormal distribution, 262normal distribution, 263normal distribution, example, 252options summarized by function, 255–257overview, 251reference lines, options, 259, 261–262, 265text, color of, 259Weibull distribution, 265

Pareto chartsavoiding clutter, 892axes, 814, 816, 830, 849–850, 855axis options, 811, 846bars, displaying, 812, 847before-and-after, 895–898classification variables, 888, 893dictionary of options, 795examples, advanced, 895examples, introductory, 800, 836graphics catalog, 795grids, 810, 820, 845, 855highlighting, 905–909labeling chart features, 890large data sets, 894levels, 887merging columns, example, 912missing values, 824, 859, 893options summarized by function, 794output data set, 891–892overview, 789Pareto curve, 801, 837Pareto, Vilfredo, 789process variables, 801, 837, 887, 893reading frequency data, 802–804, 838–839reading raw data, 800–802, 836–838reference lines, 809, 844restricting number of categories, 805–806, 808,

840–841, 843saving information, 891–892scaling bars, 829, 864, 892seven basic QC tools, 789side-by-side, 789stacked, 789syntax, 794tied categories, 805–806, 839, 841



“trivial many”, 789, 905“useful many”, 789, 905using raw data, example, 800–802, 836–838vertical axis, 887visual clarity, 892“vital few”, 789, 905

Pareto charts, categories, 801, 837, 887legend, 802, 838maximum number of, 894restricting, 805–806, 840–841restricting number of, 822–823, 858–859ties, 805–806, 839, 841unbalanced, 889

Pareto charts, classification variablesexamples, 895, 899

Pareto charts, coloringaxes, 816, 850bar outlines, 816, 851bars, 816, 851cumulative percent curve, 816, 851grid lines, 817, 852highest bars, 817, 852labels, 817, 852lowest bars, 819, 853othercategory, 819, 854recommendations, 893reference lines, 817, 820, 852, 855secondary axis, 816, 851tick marks, 816, 850tiles, 820, 854

Pareto charts, comparative, 789, 810, 845, 888cells, 888classification variables, 897classification variables, examples, 895, 899creating, 817, 852frequency proportion bars, 819, 854key cell, 818, 853, 889, 897, 904merging columns, 912one-way, 888one-way, example, 902ordering values, 826–827, 861–862rows and columns, ordering, 826–827, 861–862tiles, 889, 908two-way, 888two-way, examples, 899, 903, 905–906, 908, 910,

912unbalanced categories, 827, 862, 889weighted charts, 914

Pareto charts, cumulative percent curve, 801, 825,837, 860, 887

anchoring, 900–901coloring, 816, 851enhancing, 807, 842scaling, 890suppressing, 892, 902–903

Pareto charts, grid lineswidth, 831, 865

Pareto charts, legendsbar legend labels, 815, 850

bar legends, 815, 849category legend labels, 815, 850highest and lowest bars legend labels, 821, 856sample size legend color, 817, 851sample size legends, 811, 825, 846, 860tile legend labels, 829, 864tile legends, 829, 864

Pareto charts,other category, 805–806, 827–828,840–841, 862

coloring, 819, 854labeling, 822, 857pattern, 829, 864

Pareto charts, restricted, 805–806, 823, 840–841,858–859, 888, 894

large data sets, 894Pareto charts, weighted, 888

example, 914Pareto curve, 801, 837Pareto principle, 789Pareto, Vilfredo, 789partial confounding, example, 475pattern tests

See Shewhart charts, tests for special causespercent plots

See P-P plotspercentiles

axes, Q-Q plots, 323–324, 334confidence limits, 40defining, 24, 39empirical distribution function, 39saving in output data set, 238visual estimates, Q-Q plots, 334weighted, 40weighted average, 39

Plackett-Burman designs, 1883, 1887PLAN procedure, 480plot statements, CAPABILITY procedure, 4plots of estimated effects, 1885power transformations

ADXTRANS macro, 1881prediction intervals

See intervals, CAPABILITY procedureprinting

available designs, macros for, 1887–1888, 1891factorial designs, macros for, 1883

probability functionsbinomial, 1854–1855for median, 1858–1859hypergeometric, 1856–1858

probability limits, Shewhart charts, 1614, 1649, 1654–1655

probability of exceeding specifications, 21probability plots

axes, color, 287axes, horizontal, 290axes, rotating, 294axes, vertical, 296beta distribution, 286distribution reference lines, 295, 301



distribution reference lines, examples, 302–304distributions, 299exponential distribution, 288frame, color, 287gamma distribution, 289general plot layout, 284getting started, 276graphics device, options, 285graphics, options, 301legends, 290legends, suppressing, 292line printer, options, 285, 294–295location parameter, 300lognormal distribution, 291lognormal distribution, example, 278normal distribution, 281, 292–293normal distribution, example, 276options summarized by function, 282–285overview, 275percentile axis, 293reference lines, 288, 290–292, 296scale parameter, 300shape parameter, 294, 300syntax, 281text, color, 288threshold parameter, 296, 300Weibull distribution, 296–298

probability-probability plotsSee P-P plots

PROC CAPABILITY statement, 7process capability indices

confidence limits, 20process distribution

See empirical distribution functionprocess potentialPpk versusCpk, 45

process variables, Pareto charts, 801, 837, 887, 893pseudo-factors, example, 468

QQ-Q plots

axes, color, 317axes, horizontal, 319axes, options, 314axes, percentile scale, 323–324, 334axes, rotating, 324axes, vertical, 326beta distribution, 313, 315capability indices, 317, 322, 334, 343creating, 330diagnostics, 331distribution reference lines, 310, 333distributions, 312, 332estimatingCpk, 343exponential distribution, 313, 318frame, color, 317gamma distribution, 313, 318general plot layout, 314getting started, 308

graphics device, options, 315, 335interpretation, 331legends, 320legends, suppressing, 310, 321–322line printer, options, 314, 324, 326line width, 335location parameter, 333lognormal distribution, 313, 320–321lognormal distribution, example, 337nonnormal data, example, 336normal distribution, 313, 322normal distribution, example, 308, 343options summarized by function, 312–313, 315overview, 307percentiles, estimates, 334reference lines, 313, 317–318, 320–321, 323, 326–

327, 335sample estimates, 322scale parameter, 333syntax, 311text, color, 317threshold parameter, 333Weibull distribution, 313, 327–328Weibull distribution, example, 341

quadratic terms, adding to model, 1879quantile-quantile plots

See Q-Q plotsquantiles

defining, 39empirical distribution function, 39weighted average, 39

RR charts

capability indices, computing, 1370central line, 1368control limit equations, 1368–1369control limits, specifying, 1379–1380examples, advanced, 1377examples, introductory, 1348labeling axes, 1376missing values, 1376notation, 1368ODS tables, 1372options summarized by function, 1359–1363,

1365–1366overview, 1347plotted points, 1368plotting character, 1359probability limits, 1377–1378reading preestablished control limits, 1356–1357,

1373reading raw measurements, 1348–1350, 1372reading subgroup summary statistics, 1350–1353,

1374reading summary statistics and control limits, 1356,

1374–1375saving control limits, 1354–1355, 1369–1370



saving subgroup summary statistics, 1353–1354,1370–1371

saving summary statistics and control limits, 1355–1356, 1371–1372

standard deviation, estimating, 1375–1376syntax, 1358

randomization, FACTEX procedureblocking, 492details, 492example, 457, 463prevent, 454, 493seed, 454, 463

randomized complete block, example, 463randomized treatments, example, 463randomizing designs, 1876, 1880range

saving in output data set, 240range chart

GAGE application, 1815gage studies, 1809, 1824

range chartsSeeR charts

reference lines, Shewhart chartsSee Shewhart charts, reference lines

reliability analysisanalyzing accelerated life test data, 930–935analyzing arbitrarily-censored data, 939analyzing binomial data, 952, 954analyzing groups of data, 928–930analyzing interval-censored data, 935–938, 941analyzing regression models, 943–946analyzing repair data, 947, 949analyzing right-censored data, 925–927analyzing two groups of repair data, 949–951arbitrarily censored data, 1000binomial parameter estimation, 1013–1014classification variables, 961confidence intervals for parameters, 1009–1010covariance matrix of parameters, 1008creating life-stress relation plots, 984–986, 988–

991creating output data sets, 966, 1025creating probability plots, 976, 978–979, 981–983details, 992estimating distribution parameters, 957–958, 960examples, 925fitting regression models, 972–975frequency variables, 962insets, 962–965least squares estimation, 1016maximum likelihood estimation, 1004mean cumulative function plots, 966–968, 970,

972, 991observation-wise percentiles, 1017–1019observation-wise predicted values, 1017observation-wise reliability function estimates,

1019observation-wise statistics, 1017–1020, 1022overview, 923–924

parameter estimation, 1004, 1006–1016percentile estimation, 1011–1012poisson parameter estimation, 1015–1016probability distributions, 992–994probability plots, 995–1000readout data, 976recurrence data, 1022–1024regression model parameters, 1006–1007reliability function estimation, 1012–1013residuals, 1020, 1022specifying failure modes, 962specifying probability distributions, 961syntax, 955Turnbull algorithm, 1000types of lifetime data, 992Weibayes estimation, 1016

renaming design factors, 1877–1878repeatability

average and range method, 1826definition of, 1810introduction to, 1809range chart, 1815, 1824variance components method, 1830

repeatability and reproducibilityaverage and range method, 1827introduction to, 1809variance components method, 1830

replication, FACTEX proceduredata set, 443, 454design point, 454design replication, 494–495details, 494entire design, 454example, 464, 467fixed number of times, 443, 494inner array, 495number of times, 454outer array, 495point replication, 494–495

reproducibilityaverage and range method, 1826average chart, 1817, 1824definition of, 1810introduction to, 1809variance components method, 1830

resolution of designs, 1883resolution, FACTEX procedure

comparison, 491definition, 491example, 435, 458, 472minimum aberration, 497number, 491numbering scheme, 492syntax, 451

response surface designsSee central composite designs

response, factorial design, 487–488restricted Pareto charts

See Pareto charts, restricted



robust estimatorslocation, 42scale, 42trimmed means, 42Winsorized means, 42

robust measures of scale, 24Qn, 24Sn, 24

rotatable designs, 1891rounding, 24rules for lack of control

See Shewhart charts, tests for special causesruns rules

See Shewhart charts, tests for special causesruns tests

See Shewhart charts, tests for special causes

Ss charts

capability indices, computing, 1405central line, 1403control limit equations, 1403–1404examples, advanced, 1414examples, introductory, 1384labeling axes, 1413missing values, 1413notation, 1403ODS tables, 1408options summarized by function, 1394–1399,

1401–1402overview, 1383plotted points, 1403plotting character, 1394reading preestablished control limits, 1391–1392,



1410–1411saving control limits, 1389–1390, 1404, 1406saving subgroup summary statistics, 1388–1389,

1406saving summary statistics and control limits, 1390–

1391, 1406–1407standard deviation, estimating, 1412–1413standard deviation, specifying, 1414–1415syntax, 1393

S-optimal designsSee optimal designs, space-filling designs

sampling plansSee also acceptance samplingdouble, 1863single, 1861, 1863types of, 1861

saturated designs, analysis of, 1846saturated designs, OPTEX procedure, 726, 741save design, FACTEX procedure

See output, FACTEX procedure

SB distributionhistograms, 144, 151

scale parameterprobability plots, 300Q-Q plots, 325, 333

screening designs, 1883, 1887search algorithms, optimal designs

See optimal designs, search algorithmssearch design, FACTEX procedure

confounding rules, 506limit, 442, 446maximum time, 442, 446speeding, 507

second-order designswith ADXQMOD macro, 1876

semicurtailed inspection and ASN2 function, 1843sequential algorithm

See optimal designs, search algorithmsseven basic QC tools, 789shape parameter

probability plots, 294, 300Q-Q plots, 325, 332

Shapiro-Wilk test, 24Shewhart charts

annotating, 1615average run lengths, example, 1415between-subgroup variance, 1766capability indices, computing, 1537–1538challenging assumptions of, 1755chart description, 1628chart naming, 1639computing capability indices, 1636, 1664, 1671connecting points, 1624, 1640control chart statistics, 1638displaying points, 1614estimating�, 1638estimating�, 1655, 1661exceptions charts, 1628, 1663fonts, 1628grids, 1628–1629, 1635, 1675horizontal axes, 1643identifying unequal subgroup sample sizes, 1640intervals between subgroups, 1633missing values, 1539options dictionary, 1613plot margins, 1638, 1653probability limits, 1614, 1649, 1654–1655separating, 1654separating subgroups, 1648subgroup sample size, 1661subgroup-variables, 1534–1535subgroups, 1639vertical axes, 1675

Shewhart charts, axesappearance, 1675coloring, 1621for multiple pages, 1653horizontal, 1629, 1672labeling, 1257–1259, 1719–1722



offset length, 1629scaling onp charts, 1676scaling primary and secondary charts, 1676suppressing labels, 1641tick mark labels, 1655, 1670tick marks, 1629, 1672vertical axis truncation, 1644

Shewhart charts, box chartsSee box charts

Shewhart charts, clipping points, 1622–1624, 1636examples, 1715–1718

Shewhart charts, coloringaxes, 1621axis labels, 1627connecting lines, 1622, 1624–1625control limits, 1623frames, 1622HREF= lines, 1623inside control limits, 1623inside stars, 1626label frames, 1623outside control limits, 1625phase labels, 1625star outlines, 1626STARCIRCLES= circles, 1625TESTS= option, 1627–1628tick marks, 1627VREF= lines, 1628

Shewhart charts, control limitsappearance, 1675computing, 1614, 1642, 1654for autocorrelated data, 1756–1762for data with multiple components of variation,

1763–1769for nonnormal processes, 1779–1782for short-run processes, 1770–1778labeling, 1634, 1671line type, 1636multiple sets, 1692–1700observations used in computation, 1725sample size, 1635–1636

Shewhart charts, fontscustomizing, 1867–1869

Shewhart charts, for autocorrelated dataSee autocorrelation in process data

Shewhart charts, for data with multiple components ofvariation

See variation, multiple components ofShewhart charts, for multivariate data

See multivariate control chartsShewhart charts, for nonnormal process data

See nonnormal process dataShewhart charts, for short-run processes

See short run process controlShewhart charts, input data sets

control limits, 1649–1650probability limits, 1649specifying blocks, 1650

Shewhart charts, labeling

axes, 1257–1259, 1719–1722control limits, 1634, 1639–1640, 1671fonts for, 1634, 1665height for, 1629, 1634, 1665horizontal axis, 1720–1722points, 1614, 1670points outside control limits, 1645–1646reference lines, 1631, 1673–1674splitting labels, 1656stars, 1658tests for special causes, 1665–1666tick marks, 1655, 1670vertical axis, 1644, 1720–1722zone lines, 1676–1677

Shewhart charts, labeling central linec chart, 1627m chart, 1675np chart, 1644p chart, 1648r chart, 1653s chart, 1656u chart, 1671x chart, 1675decimal digits, number of, 1639–1640

Shewhart charts, line typesreference lines, 1638star outlines, 1637STARCIRCLES= circles, 1637TESTS= option, 1638

Shewhart charts, nonnormal process dataexample, 1588–1591

Shewhart charts, output data setschart information, 1647control limits, 1645–1646indicating parameters as estimates or standard val-

ues, 1670subgroup summary statistics, 1645–1646

Shewhart charts, pagesmaximum, 1638numbering, 1647splitting, 1615

Shewhart charts, phase variablescontrol limits, 1648delineating, 1648labels, 1648legends, 1648

Shewhart charts, reference linesapplying to all BY groups, 1640horizontal axis, 1630–1631label position, 1631, 1674labels, 1631, 1673–1674line type, 1635, 1638symbol, 1631, 1674vertical axis, 1672–1673

Shewhart charts, specifying parameters�0, 1639�0, 1654p0, 1647u0, 1671



Shewhart charts, star charts, 1701–1710contrasted with multivariate control charts, 1702

Shewhart charts, starscircle outline width, 1675creating, 1661inner radius, 1657labeling, 1658legends, 1658–1659outer radius, 1656, 1659process variables, 1701reference circles, 1656, 1703–1704standardizing, 1659–1660, 1708–1710star outline width, 1675style, 1660, 1705–1707vertex angle, 1660vertex variables, 1701–1702

Shewhart charts, stratification of data, 1682–1691by block-variables, 1684–1689by a–PHASE– variable, 1689by a–PHASE– variable, 1690–1691by asymbol-variable, 1683–1684

Shewhart charts, subgroup selectionusing switch variables, 1726–1727using WHERE statement, 1723–1726

Shewhart charts, suppressing features ofcentral lines, 1641connecting line segments, 1641control limit frames, 1642control limit legends, 1642control limits, 1642entire chart, 1640–1641frames, 1641horizontal axis labels, 1641labels, 1642legends, 1641line segments, 1644lower control limits, 1641phase legend frames, 1642upper control limits, 1642, 1644

Shewhart charts, tables, 1663adding central line values, 1663adding control limit exceedances, 1664adding ID variables, 1663adding legends, 1663adding TESTS= results, 1664box charts, 1663

Shewhart charts, tests for special causes, 1665–1669,1677

across phases, 1665customizing tests, 1750–1752definitions, 1732–1733generalized patterns, 1747–1750label fonts, 1634, 1665label height, 1634, 1665labeling signaled points, 1740, 1745labels, 1665–1666line segment character, 1665M-patterns, 1747–1750multiple phases, 1741

multiple sets of control limits, 1742–1744nonstandard tests, 1746–1752overlapping points, 1666range and standard deviation charts, 1746–1747run lengths, 1664standard tests, 1731–1745standard tests, interpreting, 1736standard tests, modifying, 1737standard tests, requesting, 1734–1735suppressing 3-sigma check, 1640T-patterns, 1747–1750varying subgroup sample sizes, 1666, 1738–1739zone line labels, 1676–1677zone lines, 1677zones, 1677

Shewhart charts, trendsdisplaying, 1675, 1711–1714modeling, 1713recognizing, 1712trend variables, 1669

Shewhart charts, warning limitsvertical axis, 1672

short run process control, 1770–1778difference from nominalapproach, 1770–1776standardizationapproach, 1777–1778testing for constant variances, 1776

side-by-side Pareto charts, 789sign test, 23signal-to-noise ratio, 482signed rank statistic, computing, 36signed rank test, 23simplex-centroid designs, 1894simplex-lattice designs, 1892single-sampling plans

See acceptance samplingsize specification, FACTEX procedure

See design size specificationskewness

saving in output data set, 240SL distribution

histograms, 139smoothing data distribution

See kernel density estimationSN distribution

histograms, 142space-filling designs

See optimal designs, space-filling designsspecialized capability indices, 24specification limits, 25

capability indices, confidence interval, 60comparative histograms, 100computing capability indices, example, 11examples, 56exceeding, 240histograms, example, 118identifying, 30lower limit, specification of, 28reading from data set, example, 56reference lines, color of, 27–28



reference lines, example, 58reference lines, filled areas, 28–29reference lines, line type, 28reference lines, width of, 29summary information, 11suppressing legend for, 78, 143target line, color of, 28target line, line type, 28target value, specification of, 29upper limit, specification of, 29

stacked Pareto charts, 789standard deviation

boxcharts, 1649CAPABILITY procedure, 25for median of standard normal, 1859–1860range of iid normal variables, 1851saving in output data set, 240specifying, 77

standard deviation chartsSees charts

star chartsSee Shewhart charts, star charts

SU distributionhistograms, 145, 153

subgroup variablesdatesor times, 1534indices, 1534character, 1535numeric, 1535

sumsaving in output data set, 240

sum of weightssaving in output data set, 240

summary statistics, 19printing, example, 9saving, 24tables, 19

supplementary rulesSee Shewhart charts, tests for special causes

suppressing features of Shewhart chartsSee Shewhart charts, suppressing features of

suspended histograms, 137

Ttables

modes, 23sign test, 23signed rank test, 23trimmed means, 25Winsorized means, 25

tables, CAPABILITY proceduresummary statistics, 19

tables, Shewhart chartsSee Shewhart charts, tables

test statisticssaving in output data set, 241

tests for normality, 19tests for special causes

data set, 1669

tests for special causes, Shewhart chartsSee Shewhart charts, tests for special causes

tests of locationlocation parameter, 23

threshold parameterprobability plots, 296, 300Q-Q plots, 326, 333

tolerance intervalsSee intervals, CAPABILITY procedure

transformationsSee ADXTRANS macro

trimmed means, 25, 42two-level designs, 1873two-way comparative Pareto charts

See Pareto charts, comparativeType A sampling, 1861Type B sampling, 1861Type I sum of squares, 487

Uu charts

central line, 1441compared withc charts, 1441control limit equations, 1441–1442control limit parameters, 1442examples, advanced, 1449examples, introductory, 1420getting started, 1420known number of nonconformities, specifying,

1451–1452labeling axes, 1448missing values, 1448notation, 1440ODS tables, 1445options summarized by function, 1432, 1434–1437,

1439overview, 1419plotted points, 1440plotting character, 1431reading number of nonconformities, 1425–1427,

1446–1447reading preestablished control limits, 1424–1425,

1446reading raw data, 1420–1422, 1445reading subgroup data and control limits, 1447–

1448saving control limits, 1422–1424, 1442–1443saving nonconformities per unit, 1428–1429saving number of nonconformities, 1443saving subgroup data and control limits, 1444syntax, 1430tests for special causes, 1449–1450unequal subgroup sample sizes, 1452–1454

U-optimal designsSee optimal designs, space-filling designs

uniformly weighted moving average chartsadding features to, 703–705annotating charts, 703–705asymptotic control limits, displaying, 684



axis labels, 701central line, 687control limit equations, 687–689control limits, computing, 684examples, advanced, 702examples, introductory, 664missing values, 701notation, 687ODS tables, 696options summarized by function, 675–682overview, 663plotted points, 687plotting character, 675plotting subgroup means, 685probability limits, 684process mean, specifying, 685process standard deviation, specifying, 686reading preestablished control limit parameters,

672–673, 697reading probability limits, 685reading raw measurements, 664–666, 696reading subgroup summary statistics, 667–669,


698–699saving control limit parameters, 670–671, 693–

694saving subgroup summary statistics, 669–670, 694saving summary statistics and control limits, 671–

672, 694–695span of moving average, choosing, 689span parameter, specifying, 686specifying parameters for, 702–703standard deviation, estimating, 699–700syntax, 674

VV-mask charts

See cumulative sum control chartsvariance

divisors for, 25saving in output data set, 240

variance components methodGAGE application, 1820gage studies, 1809, 1828

variance of medianSee STDMED function

variation, multiple components of, 1763–1769determining components, 1766–1769preliminary examination, 1763–1766

VBAR chartsoptions summarized by function, 807–812syntax, 807

WWeibull distribution

cdf plots, 79chi-square goodness-of-fit test, 159deviation from empirical distribution, 159

EDF goodness-of-fit test, 159histograms, 147, 155, 181P-P plots, 265probability plots, 296–297Q-Q plots, 327–328

weighted Pareto charts, 888Western Electric rules

See Shewhart charts, tests for special causesWilcoxon signed rank test, 36Winsorized means, 25, 42

X�X charts

axis labels, 1491capability indices, computing, 1482central line, 1480control limit equations, 1480–1481examples, advanced, 1492examples, introductory, 1458missing values, 1491notation, 1480OC curves, 1497–1498ODS tables, 1485options summarized by function, 1470–1475, 1477,

1479overview, 1457plotted points, 1480plotting character, 1470reading preestablished control limits, 1467–1468,



1488saving control limits, 1465, 1481–1483saving subgroup summary statistics, 1463–1465,

1483saving summary statistics and control limits, 1466,

1484standard deviation, estimating, 1488–1490, 1494–

1496syntax, 1469tests for special causes, 1492–1493

�X andR chartsaxis labels, 1538capability indices, computing, 1528, 1537–1538capability indices, saving, 1509central line, 1525control limit equations, 1526examples, advanced, 1540examples, introductory, 1502missing values, 1539notation, 1525ODS tables, 1530options summarized by function, 1515–1520, 1522,

1524overview, 1501plotted points, 1525



plotting character, 1515reading preestablished control limits, 1512, 1531reading raw measurements, 1502, 1530reading subgroup summary statistics, 1505, 1531–

1532reading summary statistics and control limits,

1511–1512, 1532–1533saving control limits, 1508, 1527–1528saving subgroup summary statistics, 1507, 1528saving summary statistics and control limits, 1510–

1511, 1529specifying parameters for, 1543–1544standard deviation, estimating, 1536syntax, 1514tests for special causes, 1540–1542

�X ands chartscapability indices, computing, 1576central line, 1573control limit equations, 1574examples, advanced, 1585examples, introductory, 1552labeling axes, 1583missing values, 1584notation, 1573ODS tables, 1578options summarized by function, 1563–1569,

1571overview, 1551plotted points, 1573plotting character, 1563reading preestablished control limits, 1561, 1579reading raw measurements, 1552–1554, 1578reading subgroup summary statistics, 1555–1557,



1576saving summary statistics and control limits, 1559–

1560, 1577specifying parameters for, 1574standard deviation, estimating, 1582–1583

syntax, 1562


Syntax Index

AADXADCEN macro, 1889–1890ADXALIAS macro, 1884–1885

NOPRINT specification, 1884ADXCC file, 1889–1891ADXCCD macro, 1880, 1889–1891ADXCODE macro, 1876ADXCONF, from ADXTRANS macro, 1882ADXDCODE macro, 1877–1878ADXDS macro variable, 1878ADXEFF data set, 1884ADXFF file, 1883–1888ADXFFA macro, 1885–1886ADXFFD data set, 1886ADXFFD macro, 1878, 1885–1887, 1890ADXFILL macro, 1892–1893ADXFIT macro variable, 1878–1879, 1884ADXGEN file, 1876–1882ADXINIT macro, 1878–1880ADXLAM, from ADXTRANS macro, 1882ADXLIKE, from ADXTRANS macro, 1882ADXMAMD macro, 1893–1894ADXMIX file, 1892–1897ADXNB macro variable, 1878ADXNF macro variable, 1879ADXNFIT macro variable, 1879, 1884ADXPBD macro, 1887ADXPCC macro, 1891ADXPFF macro, 1887–1888ADXQMOD macro, 1879–1880

naming quadratic variables, 1879ADXREG data set, 1882ADXRES macro variable, 1879ADXRPRT macro, 1880ADXSCD macro, 1894–1895ADXSLD macro, 1895ADXTRANS macro, 1881–1882

output, 1882plots from, 1882

ADXVLST macro variable, 1879ADXXVERT macro, 1896–1897ALLLABEL= option

CUSUM procedure, 1614MACONTROL procedure, 1614SHEWHART procedure, 1614

ALLLABEL2= optionCUSUM procedure, 1614MACONTROL procedure, 1614SHEWHART procedure, 1614

ALLN optionCUSUM procedure, 1614MACONTROL procedure, 1614SHEWHART procedure, 1614, 1735

ALPHA= optionCUSUM procedure, 385MACONTROL procedure, 630SHEWHART procedure, 1614

ANCHOR= optionPARETO procedure, 813, 848

ANGLE= optionPARETO procedure, 813, 848

ANNOKEY optionPARETO procedure, 813, 848

ANNOTATE= data setPARETO procedure, 795

ANNOTATE= option, 704CUSUM procedure, 1615MACONTROL procedure, 1615SHEWHART procedure, 1615

ANNOTATE2= data setPARETO procedure, 795

ANNOTATE2= optionCUSUM procedure, 1615MACONTROL procedure, 1615SHEWHART procedure, 1615

AOQ2 function, 1842–1843, 1863ASN2 function, 1843–1844, 1863ASYMPTOTIC option

MACONTROL procedure, 630, 684ATI2 function, 1845–1846, 1863AXISFACTOR option

PARETO procedure, 814, 849

BBARLABEL= option

PARETO procedure, 814, 849BARLABPOS= option

PARETO procedure, 814, 849BARLEGEND= option

PARETO procedure, 815, 849BARLEGLABEL= option

PARETO procedure, 815, 850BARWIDTH= option

PARETO procedure, 815, 850BAYESACT call, 1846–1848BETA= option

CUSUM procedure, 385BILEVEL option

1926 � Syntax Index


block-variables, CUSUM procedureXCHART statement, 376

block-variables, MACONTROL procedureEWMACHART statement, 621MACHART statement, 675

block-variables, SHEWHART procedureBOXCHART statement, 1062CCHART statement, 1116displaying values, 1617IRCHART statement, 1153labels, 1616legends, 1617, 1621MCHART statement, 1195MRCHART statement, 1231NPCHART statement, 1274PCHART statement, 1315RCHART statement, 1358SCHART statement, 1393UCHART statement, 1431XCHART statement, 1469XRCHART statement, 1514XSCHART statement, 1562

BLOCKLABELPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1616MACONTROL procedure, 1616SHEWHART procedure, 1616, 1688–1689, 1776

BLOCKLABTYPE= optionCUSUM procedure, 1616MACONTROL procedure, 1616SHEWHART procedure, 1616, 1776

BLOCKPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1617MACONTROL procedure, 1617SHEWHART procedure, 1617, 1686–1689

BLOCKREP optionCUSUM procedure, 1617MACONTROL procedure, 1617SHEWHART procedure, 1617

BLOCKS statement, FACTEX procedureSee FACTEX procedure, BLOCKS statementoptions summarized by function, 442syntax, 446

BLOCKS statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, BLOCKS statementsyntax, 735

BOXCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, BOXCHART

statementexamples, advanced, 1086examples, introductory, 1050options summarized by function, 1063–1065,

1067–1069, 1071overview, 1049syntax, 1062

BOXCONNECT optionSHEWHART procedure, 1618

BOXSTYLE= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1099, 1618

BOXSTYLE= option, SHEWHART procedure, 1102BOXWIDTH= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1620BOXWIDTHSCALE= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1620

CC4 function, 1848–1849, 1863CAPABILITY procedure

and PROC SHEWHART, 1780–1781introduction, 3

CAPABILITY procedure, CDFPLOT statementALPHA= beta-option, 71ALPHA= gamma-option, 71ALPHADELTA= gamma-option, 71ALPHAINITIAL= gamma-option, 71ANNOTATE= option, 72BETA beta-option, 72BETA= option, 72C= option, 73CAXIS= option, 73CDELTA= option, 73CDFSYMBOL= option, 73CFRAME= option, 73CHREF= option, 73CINITIAL= option, 73COLOR= option, 73CTEXT= option, 73CVREF= option, 74DESCRIPTION= option, 74EXPONENTIAL option, 74FONT= option, 74GAMMA option, 74HAXIS= option, 75HMINOR= option, 75HREF= option, 75HREFCHAR= option, 75HREFLABELS= option, 75LEGEND= option, 76LHREF= option, 76LOGNORMAL option, 76LVREF= option, 76MAXITER= option, 76MU= option, 77NAME= option, 77NOCDFLEGEND option, 77NOECDF option, 77NOFRAME option, 77NOLEGEND option, 77NORMAL option, 77NOSPECLEGEND option, 78SCALE= option, 78SHAPE= option, 78SIGMA= option, 78SYMBOL= option, 78THETA= option, 78THRESHOLD= option, 78


Syntax Index � 1927

VAXIS= option, 78VMINOR= option, 78VREF= option, 79VREFCHAR= option, 79VREFLABELS= option, 79VSCALE= option, 79W= option, 79WEIBULL Weibull-option, 79ZETA= option, 80

CAPABILITY procedure, COMPHISTOGRAMstatement

ANNOKEY option, 96ANNOTATE= option, 96BARWIDTH= option, 97C= option, 97CAXIS= option, 97CBARLINE= option, 97CFILL= option, 98CFRAME= option, 98CFRAMENLEG= option, 98CFRAMESIDE= option, 98CFRAMETOP= option, 98CGRID= option, 98CHREF= option, 98CLASS= option, 92CLASSKEY= option, 99CLASSSPECS= option, 100COLOR= option, 100CPROP= option, 101CTEXT= option, 101CVREF= option, 101DESCRIPTION= option, 101FILL option, 101FONT= option, 101GRID option, 102HEIGHT= option, 102HOFFSET= option, 102HREF= option, 102HREFLABELS= option, 102HREFLABPOS= option, 102INFONT= option, 102INHEIGHT= option, 102INTERTILE= option, 102K= option, 102KERNEL kernel-option, 97, 103L= option, 103LGRID= option, 103LHREF= option, 103LVREF= option, 103MAXNBIN= option, 103MAXSIGMAS= option, 103MIDPOINTS= option, 104MISSING1 option, 104MISSING2 option, 104MU= option, 105NAME= option, 105NCOLS= option, 105NLEGEND option, 98, 105NLEGENDPOS option, 105

NOBARS option, 105NOCHART option, 105NOFRAME option, 105NOHLABEL option, 105NOKEYMOVE option, 106NOPLOT option, 106NORMAL normal-option, 106NOVLABEL option, 106NOVTICK option, 106NROWS= option, 106ORDER1= option, 107ORDER2= option, 107OUTHISTOGRAM= option, 108PFILL= option, 108RTINCLUDE option, 108SIGMA= option, 108TILELEGLABEL= option, 108TURNVLABELS option, 108VAXIS= option, 108VAXISLABEL= option, 108VOFFSET= option, 108VREF= option, 108VREFLABELS= option, 109VREFLABPOS= option, 109VSCALE= option, 109W= option, 109WAXIS= option, 109

CAPABILITY procedure, HISTOGRAM statementALPHA= option, 130, 150ALPHADELTA= gamma-option, 130ALPHAINITIAL= gamma-option, 131ANNOTATE= option, 131BETA beta-option, 131, 149BETA= option, 132, 150C= option, 132, 156CAXIS= option, 133CBARLINE= option, 133CDELTA= option, 133CFILL= option, 133CFRAME= option, 133CHREF= option, 133CINITIAL= Weibull-option, 133COLOR= option, 133CTEXT= option, 134CURVELEGEND= option, 134CVREF= option, 134DELTA= option, 134, 151, 153DESCRIPTION= option, 134EXPONENTIAL exponential-option, 134, 150FILL option, 135FITINTERVAL= option, 135FITMETHOD= option, 135FITTOLERANCE= option, 135FONT= option, 135FORCEHIST option, 136GAMMA gamma-option, 136, 151GAMMA= option, 136, 151, 153HANGING option, 137HAXIS= option, 137



HMINOR= option, 137HREF= option, 137HREFCHAR= option, 137HREFLABELS= option, 138INDICES option, 138, 162–163K= option, 138, 156KERNEL option, 138, 156L= option, 139LEGEND= option, 139LHREF= option, 139LOGNORMAL lognormal-option, 139, 154LVREF= option, 140MAXITER= option, 140MIDPERCENTS option, 140, 164MIDPOINTS= option, 141MIDPTAXIS= option, 141MU= option, 141, 155NAME= option, 141NOBARS option, 141NOCURVELEGEND option, 141NOFRAME option, 142NOLEGEND option, 142NOPLOT option, 142NOPRINT option, 142NORMAL normal-option, 142, 155NOSPECLEGEND option, 143OUTFIT= option, 143, 164OUTHISTOGRAM= option, 143, 164, 166PCTAXIS= option, 143PERCENTS= option, 143, 164PFILL= option, 143RTINCLUDE option, 143SBSB-option, 144SBSB-option, 151SBSU -option, 153SCALE= option, 145, 150–151, 155SHAPE= option, 145, 154–155SIGMA= option, 145, 150–151, 153, 155, 161SPECLEGEND= option, 145SUSU -option, 145SYMBOL= option, 146THETA= option, 146, 150, 161THRESHOLD= option, 146, 151, 153–155VAXIS= option, 146VMINOR= option, 146VREF= option, 147VREFCHAR= option, 147VREFLABELS= option, 147VSCALE= option, 147W= option, 147WEIBULL option, 147, 155ZETA= option, 148

CAPABILITY procedure, INSET statementCFILL= option, 205CFILLH= option, 205CFRAME= option, 205CHEADER= option, 205CSHADOW= option, 205CTEXT= option, 205

DATA option, 205displayingCpk, 343FONT= option, 205FORMAT= option, 205HEADER= option, 206HEIGHT= option, 206NOFRAME option, 206POSITION= option, 206–208REFPOINT= option, 206

CAPABILITY procedure, INTERVALS statementALPHA= option, 223K= option, 223METHODS= option, 223, 225–227NOPRINT option, 224OUTINTERVALS= option, 224, 228P= option, 224TYPE= option, 224

CAPABILITY procedure, OUTPUT statementOUT= option, 237, 242PCTLNAME= option, 239PCTLPRE= option, 238PCTLPTS= option, 238

CAPABILITY procedure, PPPLOT statementALPHA= option, 257, 261ANNOTATE= option, 258BETA option, 255, 258BETA= option, 259C= option, 259, 266CAXIS= option, 259CFRAME= option, 259CHREF= option, 259COLOR= option, 253, 259CTEXT= option, 259CVREF= option, 259DESCRIPTION= option, 259EXPONENTIAL option, 256, 259FONT= option, 260GAMMA option, 256, 260HAXIS= option, 261HMINOR= option, 261HREF= option, 261HREFCHAR= option, 261HREFLABELS= option, 261L= option, 262LHREF= option, 262LOGNORMAL option, 256, 262LVREF= option, 263MU= option, 255, 263–264NAME= option, 263NOFRAME option, 263NOLINE option, 263NOOBSLEGEND option, 263NORMAL option, 256, 263PPSYMBOL= option, 264SCALE= option, 261, 263–264SHAPE= option, 261, 263–264SIGMA= option, 255, 261–262, 264, 266SQUARE option, 253, 264SYMBOL= option, 264



THETA= option, 261–262, 264, 266THRESHOLD= option, 261, 263–264VAXIS= option, 264, 267VMINOR= option, 265VREF= option, 265VREFCHAR= option, 265VREFLABELS= option, 265W= option, 265WEIBULL option, 256, 265ZETA= option, 262, 266

CAPABILITY procedure, PROBPLOT statementALPHA= option, 285–286ANNOTATE= option, 286BETA option, 283, 286BETA= option, 287C= option, 287, 296, 298CAXIS= option, 287CFRAME= option, 287CHREF= option, 288COLOR= option, 288CTEXT= option, 288CVREF= option, 288DESCRIPTION= option, 288EXPONENTIAL option, 283, 288FONT= option, 289GAMMA option, 283, 289GRID option, 290GRIDCHAR= option, 290HAXIS= option, 290HMINOR= option, 290HREF= option, 290, 304HREFCHAR= option, 290HREFLABELS= option, 290, 304L= option, 290LEGEND= option, 290LGRID= option, 291LHREF= option, 291, 304LOGNORMAL option, 283, 291LVREF= option, 292, 304MU= option, 292–293NADJ= option, 292, 297NAME= option, 292NOFRAME option, 292NOLEGEND option, 292NOLINELEGEND option, 292NOOBSLEGEND option, 292NORMAL option, 283, 292NOSPECLEGEND option, 293PCTLMINOR option, 293, 304PCTLORDER= option, 293PROBSYMBOL option, 294RANKADJ= option, 294, 297ROTATE option, 294SCALE= option, 289–290, 294, 297SHAPE= option, 294, 296SIGMA= option, 287, 293–294, 298SLOPE= option, 295SQUARE option, 295, 304SYMBOL= option, 295

THETA= option, 287, 291, 295THRESHOLD= option, 289–290, 296–297VAXIS= option, 296, 302VMINOR= option, 296VREF= option, 296VREFCHAR= option, 296VREFLABELS= option, 296W= option, 296WEIBULL option, 283, 296WEIBULL2 option, 284, 297ZETA= option, 291, 298

CAPABILITY procedure, PROC CAPABILITY state-ment

ALL option, 19ALPHA= option, 19–21, 25–26, 60, 1623ANNOTATE= option, 19, 31CHECKINDICES option, 19CIBASIC= option, 20CIINDICES= option, 20CIPCTLDF= option, 20CIPCTLNORMAL= option, 21CIPROBEX option, 21CIQUANTDF= option, 20CIQUANTNORMAL= option, 21CPMA= option, 21DATA= option, 21, 30DEF= option, 21, 24EXCLNPWGT option, 21FORMCHAR= option, 22FREQ option, 23GOUT= option, 23LINEPRINTER option, 23LOCATION= option, 23LOCCOUNT option, 23missing values, 53MODE option, 23MODES option, 23, 45MUO= option, 23NEXTROBS= option, 23NEXTRVAL= option, 23NOPRINT option, 23NORMALTEST option, 24, 36ODS tables, 54OUTTABLE= option, 24, 32PCTLDEF= option, 21, 24, 39ROBUSTSCALE option, 24, 42ROUND= option, 24SPEC= option, 25, 30SPECIALINDICES option, 24TRIM option, 25TRIMMED option, 25TRIMMED= option, 42TYPE= option, 20–21, 25–26, 1623VARDEF= option, 25WINSOR option, 25WINSORIZED option, 25WINSORIZED= option, 42

CAPABILITY procedure, QQPLOT statementALPHA= option, 315, 318



ANNOTATE= option, 315BETA option, 312–313, 315BETA= option, 317C= option, 317, 327–328CAXIS= option, 317CFRAME= option, 317CHREF= option, 317COLOR= option, 310, 312, 317CPKREF option, 317, 322, 343CPKSCALE option, 317, 322, 343CTEXT= option, 317CVREF= option, 318DESCRIPTION= option, 318EXPONENTIAL option, 312–313, 318FONT= option, 318GAMMA option, 312–313, 318GRID option, 323GRIDCHAR= option, 323HAXIS= option, 319HMINOR= option, 319HREF= option, 319HREFCHAR= option, 320HREFLABELS= option, 320L= option, 310, 320LABEL= option, 323LEGEND= option, 320LGRID= option, 323LHREF= option, 320LOGNORMAL option, 312–313, 320LVREF= option, 321MU= option, 310, 312, 321–322NADJ= option, 321, 330NAME= option, 321NOFRAME option, 321NOLEGEND option, 321NOLINELEGEND option, 322NOOBSLEGEND option, 322NORMAL option, 312–313, 322, 343NOSPECLEGEND option, 310, 322PCTLAXIS option, 323, 334PCTLMINOR option, 323PCTLSCALE option, 324, 334QQSYMBOL= option, 324RANKADJ= option, 324, 330ROTATE option, 324SCALE= option, 316, 318–319, 321, 325, 328SHAPE= option, 318, 320, 325, 327SIGMA= option, 310, 312, 316, 318–320, 322,

325, 327–328SLOPE= option, 321, 325, 329SQUARE option, 310, 326SYMBOL= option, 326THETA= option, 316, 318–319, 321, 326–328THRESHOLD= option, 316, 318–319, 321, 326,

328VAXIS= option, 326VMINOR= option, 326VREF= option, 326VREFCHAR= option, 327

VREFLABELS= option, 327W= option, 327WEIBULL option, 312–313, 327WEIBULL2 option, 312–313, 328ZETA= option, 321, 329

CAPABILITY procedure, SPEC statementCLEFT= option, 27CLSL= option, 27CRIGHT= option, 27CTARGET= option, 28CUSL= option, 28LLSL= option, 28LSL= option, 28LSLSYMBOL= option, 28LTARGET= option, 28LUSL= option, 28PLEFT= option, 28PRIGHT= option, 29TARGET= option, 29TARGETSYMBOL= option, 29USL= option, 29USLSYMBOL= option, 29WLSL= option, 29WTARGET= option, 29WUSL= option, 29

CATLEGLABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 815, 850

CAXIS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1621MACONTROL procedure, 1621PARETO procedure, 816, 850SHEWHART procedure, 1621

CAXIS2= optionPARETO procedure, 816, 851

CBARLINE= optionPARETO procedure, 816, 851

CBARS= optionPARETO procedure, 816, 851

CBLOCKLAB= optionCUSUM procedure, 1621MACONTROL procedure, 1621SHEWHART procedure, 1621

CBLOCKVAR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1621MACONTROL procedure, 1621SHEWHART procedure, 1621, 1687–1689

CBOXES= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1621

CBOXFILL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1622

CCHART statement, SHEWHART procedureSee also SHEWHART procedure, CCHART state-

mentexamples, advanced, 1134examples, introductory, 1106options summarized by function, 1117–1121,

1123overview, 1105syntax, 1115



CCLIP= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1622SHEWHART procedure, 1622

CCONNECT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1622MACONTROL procedure, 1622PARETO procedure, 816, 851SHEWHART procedure, 1622

CDFPLOT statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, CDFPLOT state-

mentexamples, 81–82getting started, 66options summarized by function, 68–71overview, 65syntax, 67

CFRAME= optionCUSUM procedure, 1622MACONTROL procedure, 1622PARETO procedure, 817, 851SHEWHART procedure, 1622, 1690

CFRAMELAB= optionCUSUM procedure, 1623MACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623

CFRAMENLEG= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 851

CFRAMESIDE= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

CFRAMETOP= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

CGRID= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

CGRID2= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

character subgroup variablesSHEWHART procedure, 1639

CHIGH(n)= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

CHREF= optionCUSUM procedure, 1623MACONTROL procedure, 1623PARETO procedure, 817, 852SHEWHART procedure, 1623

CINFILL= optionCUSUM procedure, 385MACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623

CLASS statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, CLASS statementsyntax, 736

CLASS= optionPARETO procedure, 817, 852

CLASSKEY= optionPARETO procedure, 818, 853

CLIMITS= optionCUSUM procedure, 385MACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623

CLIPCHAR= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623

CLIPFACTOR= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623, 1716–1718

CLIPLEGEND= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1623SHEWHART procedure, 1623, 1718

CLIPLEGPOS= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1624SHEWHART procedure, 1624, 1718

CLIPSUBCHAR= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1624SHEWHART procedure, 1624, 1718

CLIPSYMBOL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1624SHEWHART procedure, 1624, 1718

CLIPSYMBOLHT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1624

CLOW(n)= optionPARETO procedure, 819, 853

CMASK= optionCUSUM procedure, 385

CMEANSYMBOL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 630, 684

CMPCTLABEL optionPARETO procedure, 819, 853

CNEEDLES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1624MACONTROL procedure, 1624SHEWHART procedure, 1624, 1714

COMPHISTOGRAM statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, COMPHIS-

TOGRAM statementexamples, 88, 90getting started, 88options summarized by function, 93–96overview, 87syntax, 91

CONNECTCHAR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1624MACONTROL procedure, 1624PARETO procedure, 819SHEWHART procedure, 1624

CONTROLSTAT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1624

COTHER= optionPARETO procedure, 819, 854

COUT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1625MACONTROL procedure, 1625SHEWHART procedure, 1625

COUTFILL= optionCUSUM procedure, 1625MACONTROL procedure, 1625SHEWHART procedure, 1625

CPHASEBOX= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1099, 1625



CPHASEBOXCONNECT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1625

CPHASEBOXFILL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1099, 1625

CPHASELEG= optionCUSUM procedure, 1625MACONTROL procedure, 1625SHEWHART procedure, 1625, 1690

CPHASEMEANCONNECT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1099, 1625

CPROP= optionPARETO procedure, 819, 854

CSTARCIRCLES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1625MACONTROL procedure, 1625SHEWHART procedure, 1625

CSTARFILL= optionCUSUM procedure, 1626MACONTROL procedure, 1626SHEWHART procedure, 1626

CSTAROUT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1626MACONTROL procedure, 1626SHEWHART procedure, 1626

CSTARS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1626MACONTROL procedure, 1626SHEWHART procedure, 1626

CSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1627

CTESTS= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1627, 1745

CTEXT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1627MACONTROL procedure, 1627PARETO procedure, 819, 854SHEWHART procedure, 1627

CTEXTSIDE= optionPARETO procedure, 819, 854

CTEXTTOP= optionPARETO procedure, 819, 854

CTILES= optionPARETO procedure, 820, 854

CUSUM procedureANNOTATE= option, 356ANNOTATE2= option, 356DATA= data set, 356FORMCHAR= option, 356–357GOUT= option, 357GRAPHICS option, 372HISTORY= data set, 357introduction, 351LIMITS= data set, 358LINEPRINTER option, 358overview, 355syntax, 356

CUSUM procedure, XCHART statementALLN option, 393ALPHA= option, 363, 375, 385, 396

BETA= option, 385, 396CINFILL= option, 385CLIMITS= option, 385CMASK= option, 385DATA= data set, 362–364, 406–407DATAUNITS option, 385, 393DELTA= option, 363, 375, 386, 391H= option, 369–370, 375, 386, 396HEADSTART= option, 386, 392–393HISTORY= data set, 365–366, 408–409INTERVAL= option, 395K= option, 369–370, 386, 396LIMITN= option, 387, 391, 393LIMITS= data set, 373–374, 407–408LLIMITS= option, 387LMASK= option, 387missing values, 409MU0= option, 363, 375, 387, 391NOARL option, 387NOMASK option, 387NOREADLIMITS option, 387ORIGIN= option, 388OUTHISTORY= data set, 367–368, 405OUTLIMITS= data set, 371–372, 404–405OUTTABLE= data set, 405, 410, 413READINDEX= option, 388READLIMITS option, 388READSIGMAS option, 388SCHEME= option, 369–370, 375, 389SHIFT= option, 389, 391SIGMA0= option, 363, 389SIGMAS= option, 389SMETHOD= option, 389, 401–404TABLEALL option, 369–370, 389TABLECHART option, 390TABLECOMP option, 390TABLEID option, 390TABLEOUT option, 390TABLESUMMARY option, 390TYPE= option, 390–391VAXIS= option, 363WLIMITS= option, 390WMASK= option, 390

CUSUMARL function, 1849–1850CVREF= option

CUSUM procedure, 1628MACONTROL procedure, 1628PARETO procedure, 820, 855SHEWHART procedure, 1628

CZONES= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1628, 1745

DD2 function, 1850, 1863D3 function, 1851, 1863DATA= data set

PARETO procedure, 795DATAUNIT= option




DATAUNITS optionCUSUM procedure, 385

DELTA= optionCUSUM procedure, 386

DESCRIPTION= optionCUSUM procedure, 1628MACONTROL procedure, 1628PARETO procedure, 820, 855SHEWHART procedure, 1628

DESCRIPTION2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1628

DIMEN variableADXXVERT output data set, 1895–1896

DIST variableADXXVERT output data set, 1896

EENDGRID option


EWMAARL function, 1852EWMACHART statement

See also MACONTROL procedure, EW-MACHART statement

examples, advanced, 649examples, introductory, 610overview, 609syntax, 620

EXAMINE statement, FACTEX procedureSee FACTEX procedure, EXAMINE statementoptions summarized by function, 443syntax, 448

EXAMINE statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, EXAMINE statementsyntax, 737

EXCHART optionCUSUM procedure, 1628MACONTROL procedure, 1628SHEWHART procedure, 1628

FFACTEX procedure

getting started, 431learning about FACTEX, 430overview, 429summary of functions, 442syntax, 441

FACTEX procedure, BLOCKS statementNBLKFACS= option, 447NBLKFACS=MAXIMUM option, 447NBLOCKS= option, 447NBLOCKS= option, examples, 433, 475NBLOCKS=MAXIMUM option, 447SIZE= option, 447SIZE=MINIMUM option, 447

FACTEX procedure, EXAMINE statementALIASING option, 448ALIASING option, example, 436

CONFOUNDING option, 449DESIGN option, 449DESIGN option, example, 431

FACTEX procedure, FACTORS statementexample, 431NLEV= option, 450

FACTEX procedure, MODEL statementESTIMATE= option, 450ESTIMATE= option, examples, 459, 475MINABS option, 451, 497MINABS option, example, 473MINABS option, limitation, 474NONNEGLIGIBLE= option, 450RESOLUTION= option, 451RESOLUTION= option, examples, 435, 458, 462RESOLUTION=MAX option, 451RESOLUTION=MAX option, examples, 433,

465–466FACTEX procedure, OUTPUT statement

CVALS= option, 453, 490CVALS= option, example, 463decode design factors, 452derived factors, 455derived factors, examples, 468, 471DESIGNREP= option, 454DESIGNREP= option, examples, 464–465, 467–

468NOVALRAN option, 454NVALS= option, 453, 490NVALS= option, example, 463OUT= option, 452OUT= option, example, 463POINTREP= option, 454POINTREP= option, examples, 464–465, 467–

468RANDOMIZE= option, 454RANDOMIZE= option, examples, 457, 463RANDOMIZE= option, NOVALRAN option, 454RANDOMIZE= option, seed, 454recode block factor, 453recode block factor levels, examples, 434, 463recode design factor levels, examples, 432, 435,

463FACTEX procedure, PROC FACTEX statement

example, 431NAMELEN option, 446NOCHECK option, 446, 474, 507ODS tables, 499SECONDS= option, 446TIME= option, 446, 474

FACTEX procedure, SIZE statementDESIGN= option, 456DESIGN= option, examples, 435, 458DESIGN=MINIMUM option, 456FRACTION= option, 456FRACTION=MAXIMUM option, 456NRUNFACS= option, 456NRUNFACS=MINIMUM option, 456

FACTORS statement, FACTEX procedure



See FACTEX procedure, FACTORS statementoptions summarized by function, 442syntax, 449

FONT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1628MACONTROL procedure, 1628PARETO procedure, 820, 855SHEWHART procedure, 1628

FORMCHAR= optionPARETO procedure, 795

FREQ= optionPARETO procedure, 820, 855

GGAGE application

average and range method, 1818average chart, 1817data set format, 1831entering data, 1813–1815, 1822gage catalog, 1811introduction to, 1809invoking, 1811missing data, 1819range chart, 1815reading data set, 1822saving data, 1821variance components method, 1820

GENERATE statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, GENERATE statementdefault options, 738syntax, 738

GOUT= optionPARETO procedure, 795

GRID optionCUSUM procedure, 1629MACONTROL procedure, 1629PARETO procedure, 820, 855SHEWHART procedure, 1629

GRID2 optionPARETO procedure, 820, 855

HH= option

CUSUM procedure, 386HAXIS= option

CUSUM procedure, 1629MACONTROL procedure, 1629PARETO procedure, 855SHEWHART procedure, 1629

HAXIS2= optionPARETO procedure, 855

HAXIS2LABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 855

HAXISLABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 855

HEADSTART= optionCUSUM procedure, 386

HEIGHT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1629

MACONTROL procedure, 1629PARETO procedure, 821, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1629

HISTOGRAM statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, HISTOGRAM state-

mentgetting started, 118options summarized by function, 125–127, 129–


HLLEGLABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 821, 856

HMINOR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1629MACONTROL procedure, 1629SHEWHART procedure, 1629

HOFFSET= optionCUSUM procedure, 1629MACONTROL procedure, 1629PARETO procedure, 821, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1629

HREF= optionCUSUM procedure, 1630MACONTROL procedure, 1630PARETO procedure, 821, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1630

HREF2= optionCUSUM procedure, 1630MACONTROL procedure, 1630PARETO procedure, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1630

HREF2DATA= optionCUSUM procedure, 1630MACONTROL procedure, 1630SHEWHART procedure, 1630

HREF2LABELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1631MACONTROL procedure, 1631PARETO procedure, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1631

HREFCHAR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1631MACONTROL procedure, 1631PARETO procedure, 821SHEWHART procedure, 1631

HREFDATA= optionCUSUM procedure, 1631MACONTROL procedure, 1631SHEWHART procedure, 1631

HREFLABELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1631MACONTROL procedure, 1631PARETO procedure, 821, 856SHEWHART procedure, 1631

HREFLABPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1631MACONTROL procedure, 1631PARETO procedure, 821, 856



SHEWHART procedure, 1631HTML= option


HTML–LEGEND= optionCUSUM procedure, 1632MACONTROL procedure, 1632SHEWHART procedure, 1632

IID statement, OPTEX procedure

See OPTEX procedure, ID statementsyntax, 741

IDCOLOR= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1632

IDCTEXT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1632

IDFONT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1633

IDHEIGHT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1633

IDSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1633

INFONT= optionPARETO procedure, 821, 856

INHEIGHT= optionPARETO procedure, 821, 857

INSET and INSET2 statementsSee CUSUM procedure, INSET statementSee MACONTROL procedure, INSET statementSee SHEWHART procedure, INSET and INSET2

statementslist of options, 1604overview, 1595syntax, 1601

INSET statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, INSET statementSee PARETO procedure, INSET statementgetting started, 192, 420, 710, 870, 1596keywords summarized by function, 198–199, 201–

203, 876, 1602list of options, 204, 877overview, 191, 419, 709, 869syntax, 196, 422, 712, 875

INTERBAR= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

INTERTILE= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

INTERVAL= optionCUSUM procedure, 1633MACONTROL procedure, 1633SHEWHART procedure, 1633

INTERVALS statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, INTERVALS state-

mentgetting started, 218list of options, 222

overview, 217syntax, 222

INTSTART= optionCUSUM procedure, 1634MACONTROL procedure, 1634SHEWHART procedure, 1634

IRCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, IRCHART state-


1158–1160, 1162–1163overview, 1143syntax, 1153

Ishikawa diagramsadding arrows, 534–536aligning arrows, 551–557balancing arrows, 551–557data collection, 557–558data presentation, 557–558deleting arrows, 544–546detail, decreasing, 558–560detail, increasing, 558–560editing existing diagrams, 582–583editing labels, 537–539exporting diagrams, 568–569fonts, modifying, 570highlighting arrows, 572–577isolating arrows, 562–563labeling arrows, 537–539managing complexity, 558–565merging diagrams, 563–565moving arrows, 540–544, 549–557notepads, 557–558output, bitmaps, 568–569output, graphics, 566–567output, SAS data set, 581, 586–587overview, 515printing, bitmaps, 568–569printing, SAS/GRAPH output, 566–567resizing arrows, 546–549SAS data set, input, 582–583, 586–587SAS data set, output, 581, 586–587saving, bitmaps, 568–569saving, clipboard graphics, 568–569saving, graphics, 566–567saving, SAS data set, 581subsetting arrows, 546–549, 572–577summary of operations, 529–533swapping arrows, 549–551tagging arrows, 546–549, 572–577terminology, 517text entry, 537–539undo, 544–546zooming arrows, 561, 580

KK= option



CUSUM procedure, 386

LLABELFONT= option

MACONTROL procedure, 1634SHEWHART procedure, 1634, 1709–1710

LABELHEIGHT= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1634SHEWHART procedure, 1634

LABOTHER= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

LAST= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

LBOXES= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1634

LCLLABEL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1634SHEWHART procedure, 1634

LCLLABEL2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1634

LENDGRID= optionCUSUM procedure, 1635MACONTROL procedure, 1635SHEWHART procedure, 1635

LGRID= optionCUSUM procedure, 1635MACONTROL procedure, 1635PARETO procedure, 822, 857SHEWHART procedure, 1635

LGRID2= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

LHREF= optionCUSUM procedure, 1635MACONTROL procedure, 1635PARETO procedure, 822, 857SHEWHART procedure, 1635

LIMITN= optionCUSUM procedure, 387MACONTROL procedure, 630, 684SHEWHART procedure, 1635, 1735

LIMLABSUBCHAR= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1636

LINEPRINTER optionPARETO procedure, 795

LLIMITS= optionCUSUM procedure, 387MACONTROL procedure, 1636SHEWHART procedure, 1636

LMASK= optionCUSUM procedure, 387

LOTHER= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 857

LSL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1636

LSTARCIRCLES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1637MACONTROL procedure, 1637SHEWHART procedure, 1637, 1703–1704, 1709–

1710

LSTARS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1637MACONTROL procedure, 1637SHEWHART procedure, 1637

LTESTS= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1638, 1745

LTMARGIN= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1638, 1688–1689

LTMPLOT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1638

LVREF= optionCUSUM procedure, 1638MACONTROL procedure, 1638PARETO procedure, 822, 857SHEWHART procedure, 1638

LZONES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1638MACONTROL procedure, 1638SHEWHART procedure, 1638

MMACHART statement

See also MACONTROL procedure, MACHARTstatement

examples, advanced, 702examples, introductory, 664overview, 663syntax, 674

MACONTROL procedureANNOTATE= option, 602, 704ANNOTATE2= option, 602DATA= data set, 602FORMCHAR= option, 602–603GOUT= option, 603HISTORY= data set, 603–604introduction, 597LIMITS= data set, 604LINEPRINTER option, 604overview, 601syntax, 602TABLE= data set, 604

MACONTROL procedure, EWMACHART statementALLN option, 654ALPHA= option, 630ASYMPTOTIC option, 630, 650CMEANSYMBOL= option, 630DATA= data set, 642HISTORY= data set, 612–615, 643–644LIMITN= option, 630, 653LIMITS= data set, 618–619, 643, 650MEANCHAR= option, 631MEANSYMBOL= option, 631, 657missing values, 648MU0= option, 631, 649–650NMARKERS option, 654NOREADLIMITS option, 631OUTHISTORY= data set, 615–616, 640OUTLIMITS= data set, 616–617, 639–640OUTTABLE= data set, 617–618, 640–641



READALPHA option, 631READINDEX= option, 631READLIMITS option, 632RESET option, 632SIGMA0= option, 632, 649–650SIGMAS= option, 632SMETHOD= option, 646, 655TABLE= data set, 618, 644–645VREF= option, 657WEIGHT= option, 611, 620, 632XSYMBOL= option, 649

MACONTROL procedure, MACHART statementALPHA= option, 684ASYMPTOTIC option, 684CMEANSYMBOL= option, 684DATA= data set, 696HISTORY= data set, 667–669, 697–698LIMITN= option, 684LIMITS= data set, 650, 672–673, 697, 703MEANCHAR= option, 685MEANSYMBOL= option, 685missing values, 701MU0= option, 685, 702–703NOREADLIMITS option, 685OUTHISTORY= data set, 669–670, 694OUTLIMITS= data set, 670–671, 693–694OUTTABLE= data set, 671–672, 694–695READALPHA option, 685READINDEX= option, 686READLIMITS option, 686SIGMA0= option, 686, 702–703SIGMAS= option, 686SMETHOD= option, 700SPAN= option, 665, 674, 686TABLE= data set, 672, 698–699XSYMBOL= option, 702

MAXCMPCT= optionPARETO procedure, 822, 858

MAXNCAT= optionPARETO procedure, 823, 858

MAXPANELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1638MACONTROL procedure, 1638SHEWHART procedure, 1638

MCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, MCHART state-

mentexamples, introductory, 1184options summarized by function, 1196–1198,

1200–1201, 1203–1204overview, 1183syntax, 1195

MEANCHAR= optionMACONTROL procedure, 631, 685

MEANSYMBOL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 631, 685

MEDCENTRAL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1638

MINPCT= option

PARETO procedure, 823, 859MISSBREAK option


MISSING optionPARETO procedure, 824, 859

missing subgroup variable valuesSHEWHART procedure, 1639

MISSING1 optionPARETO procedure, 824, 859

MISSING2 optionPARETO procedure, 824, 859

MODEL statement, FACTEX procedureSee FACTEX procedure, MODEL statementoptions summarized by function, 442syntax, 450

MODEL statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, MODEL statementsyntax, 741

MRCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, MRCHART

statementexamples, advanced, 1253examples, introductory, 1220options summarized by function, 1232–1233,

1235–1238, 1240overview, 1219syntax, 1231

MU0= optionCUSUM procedure, 387MACONTROL procedure, 631, 685SHEWHART procedure, 1639, 1735, 1778

NNAME= option


NAME2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1639

NCOLS= optionPARETO procedure, 825, 860

NDECIMAL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1639SHEWHART procedure, 1639

NDECIMAL2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1640

NEEDLES optionCUSUM procedure, 1640MACONTROL procedure, 1640SHEWHART procedure, 1640

NLEGEND= optionPARETO procedure, 825, 860

NMARKERS optionCUSUM procedure, 1640MACONTROL procedure, 1640SHEWHART procedure, 1640



NO3SIGMACHECK optionSHEWHART procedure, 1640

NOARL optionCUSUM procedure, 387

NOBYREF optionCUSUM procedure, 1640MACONTROL procedure, 1640SHEWHART procedure, 1640

NOCHART optionCUSUM procedure, 1640MACONTROL procedure, 1640PARETO procedure, 825, 860SHEWHART procedure, 1640

NOCHART2 optionSHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOCONNECT optionCUSUM procedure, 1641MACONTROL procedure, 1641SHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOCTL optionMACONTROL procedure, 1641SHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOCTL2 optionSHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOCURVE optionPARETO procedure, 825, 860

NOFRAME optionCUSUM procedure, 1641MACONTROL procedure, 1641PARETO procedure, 825, 860SHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOHLABEL optionCUSUM procedure, 1641MACONTROL procedure, 1641PARETO procedure, 826, 860SHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOHLABEL2 optionPARETO procedure, 861

NOHLLEG optionPARETO procedure, 826, 861

NOHTICK optionPARETO procedure, 861

NOHTICK2 optionPARETO procedure, 861

NOKEYMOVE optionPARETO procedure, 826, 861

NOLCL optionMACONTROL procedure, 1641SHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOLCL2 optionSHEWHART procedure, 1641

NOLEGEND optionCUSUM procedure, 1641MACONTROL procedure, 1641SHEWHART procedure, 1641, 1686–1690, 1764–

1765NOLIMIT0 option

SHEWHART procedure, 1641NOLIMIT1 option

SHEWHART procedure, 1642NOLIMITLABEL option

MACONTROL procedure, 1642SHEWHART procedure, 1642

NOLIMITS optionMACONTROL procedure, 1642SHEWHART procedure, 1642, 1764

NOLIMITSFRAME optionSHEWHART procedure, 1642

NOLIMITSLEGEND optionMACONTROL procedure, 1642SHEWHART procedure, 1642

NOMASK optionCUSUM procedure, 387

NOPHASEFRAME optionSHEWHART procedure, 1642

NOPRINT specificationADXALIAS macro, 1884

NOREADLIMITS optionCUSUM procedure, 387MACONTROL procedure, 631, 685SHEWHART procedure, 1642

NOTCHES optionSHEWHART procedure, 1643

NOTICKREP optionSHEWHART procedure, 1643

NOTRENDCONNECT optionCUSUM procedure, 1644MACONTROL procedure, 1644SHEWHART procedure, 1644

NOTRUNC optionSHEWHART procedure, 1644

NOUCL optionMACONTROL procedure, 1644SHEWHART procedure, 1644

NOUCL2 optionSHEWHART procedure, 1644

NOVANGLE optionCUSUM procedure, 1644MACONTROL procedure, 1644SHEWHART procedure, 1644

NOVLABEL optionPARETO procedure, 826, 861

NOVLABEL2 optionPARETO procedure, 826

NOVTICK optionPARETO procedure, 826

NOVTICK2 optionPARETO procedure, 826

NPANELPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1644MACONTROL procedure, 1644SHEWHART procedure, 1644

NPCHART statement, SHEWHART procedureSee also SHEWHART procedure, NPCHART

statementexamples, advanced, 1292examples, introductory, 1264



options summarized by function, 1275–1276,1278–1282

overview, 1263syntax, 1273

NPSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1644

NROWS= optionPARETO procedure, 826, 861

OOPTEX procedure

getting started, 721learning about OPTEX, 720order of statements, 731, 737, 742, 759overview, 719summary of functions, 732syntax, 731

OPTEX procedure, BLOCKS statementCOVAR= option, 735, 762DESIGN= option, 735, 758INIT= option, 736ITER= option, 736KEEP= option, 736NOEXCHANGE option, 736options summarized by function, 732STRUCTURE= option, 736, 756VAR= option, 762

OPTEX procedure, CLASS statementexample, 722syntax, 736

OPTEX procedure, EXAMINE statementDESIGN option, 737INFORMATION option, 737NUMBER= option, 737options summarized by function, 733VARIANCE option, 737

OPTEX procedure, GENERATE statementAUGMENT= option, 738, 751CRITERION= option, 738, 765INITDESIGN= option, 739, 749ITER= option, 740KEEP= option, 740METHOD= option, 740, 748N= option, 726, 741, 749options summarized by function, 732–733

OPTEX procedure, ID statement, 741OPTEX procedure, MODEL statement

example, 722NOINT option, 742, 764options summarized by function, 732PRIOR= option, 742, 754

OPTEX procedure, OUTPUT statementBLOCKNAME= option, 743NUMBER= option, 743, 745options summarized by function, 733OUT= option, 742

OPTEX procedure, PROC OPTEX statementCODING= option, 734, 758DATA= option, 734

EPSILON= option, 734example, 722NAMELEN option, 734NOCODE option, 734, 764NOPRINT option, 734options summarized by function, 732–733SEED= option, 735STATUS= option, 735

OPTTEX procedure, PROC OPTTEX statementODS tables, 784

ORDER1= optionPARETO procedure, 826, 861

ORDER2 specificationADXQMOD macro, 1879

ORDER2= optionPARETO procedure, 827, 862

ORIGIN= optionCUSUM procedure, 388

OTHER= optionPARETO procedure, 827, 862

OTHERCVAL= optionPARETO procedure, 827, 862

OTHERNVAL= optionPARETO procedure, 828, 862

OUT= data setPARETO procedure, 828, 863

OUTHISTORY= optionCUSUM procedure, 1645MACONTROL procedure, 1645SHEWHART procedure, 1645

OUTINDEX= optionCUSUM procedure, 1645MACONTROL procedure, 1645SHEWHART procedure, 1645

OUTLABEL= optionCUSUM procedure, 1645MACONTROL procedure, 1645SHEWHART procedure, 1645

OUTLABEL2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1646

OUTLIMITS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1646MACONTROL procedure, 1646SHEWHART procedure, 1646

OUTPHASE= optionCUSUM procedure, 1646MACONTROL procedure, 1646SHEWHART procedure, 1646

OUTPUT statement, CAPABILITY procedureSee CAPABILITY procedure, OUTPUT state-

mentgetting started, 234keywords summarized by function, 240–241overview, 233syntax, 237

OUTPUT statement, FACTEX procedureSee FACTEX procedure, OUTPUT statementoptions summarized by function, 443syntax, 452



OUTPUT statement, OPTEX procedureSee OPTEX procedure, OUTPUT statementsyntax, 742

OUTTABLE= optionCUSUM procedure, 1647MACONTROL procedure, 1647SHEWHART procedure, 1647

PP0= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1647PAGENUM= option


PAGENUMPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1647MACONTROL procedure, 1647SHEWHART procedure, 1647

PARETO procedureexamples, advanced, 895examples, introductory, 800, 836options summarized by function, 794overview, 789syntax, 794

PARETO procedure, BY statement, 895–896PARETO procedure, HBAR statement

ANCHOR= option, 848ANGLE= option, 848ANNOKEY option, 848ANNOTATE= data set, 848ANNOTATE2= data set, 848AXISFACTOR= option, 849BARLABEL= option, 849BARLABPOS= option, 849BARLEGEND= option, 849BARLEGLABEL= option, 850BARWIDTH= option, 850CATLEGLABEL= option, 850CAXIS= option, 850CAXIS2= option, 851CBARLINE= option, 851CBARS= option, 851CCONNECT= option, 851CFRAME= option, 851CFRAMENLEG= option, 839, 851CFRAMESIDE= option, 852CFRAMETOP= option, 852CGRID= option, 852CGRID2= option, 852CHIGH(n)= option, 852CHREF= option, 852CLASS= option, 852CLASSKEY= option, 853CLOW(n)= option, 853CMPCTLABEL option, 849, 853COTHER= option, 854CPROP= option, 854CTEXT= option, 854

CTEXTSIDE= option, 854CTEXTTOP= option, 854CTILES= option, 854CVREF= option, 855DESCRIPTION= option, 855FONT= option, 855FREQ= option, 839, 855GRID option, 855GRID2 option, 855HAXIS= option, 855HAXIS2= option, 855HAXIS2LABEL= option, 855HAXISLABEL= option, 855HEIGHT= option, 856HLLEGLABEL= option, 856HOFFSET= option, 856HREF= option, 856HREF2= option, 856HREF2LABELS= option, 856HREFLABELS= option, 856HREFLABPOS= option, 856INFONT= option, 856INHEIGHT= option, 857INTERBAR= option, 839, 857INTERTILE= option, 857LABOTHER= option, 857LAST= option, 839, 857LGRID= option, 857LGRID2= option, 857LHREF= option, 857LOTHER= option, 857LVREF= option, 857MAXCMPCT= option, 858MAXNCAT= option, 840–841, 858MINPCT= option, 859MISSING option, 859MISSING1 option, 859MISSING2 option, 859NAME= option, 859NCOLS= option, 860NLEGEND option, 860NLEGEND= option, 839, 860NOCHART option, 860NOCURVE option, 860NOFRAME option, 860NOHLABEL option, 860NOHLABEL2 option, 861NOHTICK option, 861NOHTICK2 option, 861NOKEYMOVE option, 861NOVLABEL option, 861NROWS= option, 861options summarized by function, 842–847ORDER1= option, 861ORDER2= option, 862OTHER= option, 840–841, 858–859, 862OTHERCVAL= option, 862OTHERNVAL= option, 862OUT= option, 863



PBARS= option, 863PHIGH(n)= option, 863PLOW(n)= option, 863POTHER= option, 864SCALE= option, 839, 864syntax, 842TILELEGEND= option, 864TILELEGLABEL= option, 864VOFFSET= option, 864VREF= option, 864VREFLABELS= option, 865VREFLABPOS= option, 865WAXIS= option, 865WBARLINE= option, 865WEIGHT= option, 865WGRID= option, 865WGRID2= option, 865

PARETO procedure, INSET statementCFILL= option, 878CFILLH= option, 878CFRAME= option, 878CHEADER= option, 878CSHADOW= option, 878CTEXT= option, 878DATA option, 878FONT= option, 878FORMAT= option, 878HEADER= option, 879HEIGHT= option, 879NOFRAME option, 879POSITION= option, 879–881REFPOINT= option, 879

PARETO procedure, PROC PARETO statementANNOTATE= data set, 795ANNOTATE2= data set, 795DATA= data set, 795FORMCHAR= option, 795GOUT= option, 795LINEPRINTER option, 795

PARETO procedure, VBAR statementANCHOR= option, 813, 890, 900–901ANGLE= option, 813ANNOKEY option, 813ANNOTATE= data set, 813ANNOTATE2= data set, 814AXISFACTOR= option, 814, 891BARLABEL= option, 814BARLABPOS= option, 814BARLEGEND= option, 815, 907–908BARLEGLABEL= option, 815BARWIDTH= option, 815CATLEGLABEL= option, 815, 901–902CAXIS= option, 816CAXIS2= option, 816CBARLINE= option, 816CBARS= option, 816, 900–901, 907–908CCONNECT= option, 816CFRAME= option, 817CFRAMENLEG= option, 803–804, 817, 898

CFRAMESIDE= option, 817CFRAMETOP= option, 817CGRID= option, 817CGRID2= option, 817CHIGH(n)= option, 817, 905–906CHREF= option, 817CLASS= option, 817, 893, 897, 901–904CLASSKEY= option, 818, 897CLOW(n)= option, 819, 905CMPCTLABEL option, 814, 819CONNECTCHAR= option, 819COTHER= option, 819CPROP= option, 819, 898CTEXT= option, 819CTEXTSIDE= option, 819CTEXTTOP= option, 819CTILES= option, 820, 908–909CVREF= option, 820DESCRIPTION= option, 820FONT= option, 820FREQ= option, 803–804, 820GRID option, 820GRID2 option, 820HEIGHT= option, 821HLLEGLABEL= option, 821HOFFSET= option, 821HREF= option, 821HREFCHAR= option, 821HREFLABELS= option, 821HREFLABPOS= option, 821INFONT= option, 821INHEIGHT= option, 821INTERBAR= option, 803–804, 822INTERTILE= option, 822, 898LABOTHER= option, 822LAST= option, 803–804, 822LGRID= option, 822LGRID2= option, 822LHREF= option, 822LOTHER= option, 822LVREF= option, 822, 903MAXCMPCT= option, 822MAXNCAT= option, 805–806, 823MINPCT= option, 823MISSING option, 824, 893MISSING1 option, 824, 893MISSING2 option, 824, 893NAME= option, 824NCOLS= option, 825, 889, 903–904NLEGEND option, 825, 900–901NLEGEND= option, 803–804, 825, 898NOCHART option, 825NOCURVE option, 825, 892, 901–902NOFRAME option, 825NOHLABEL option, 826, 901–902NOKEYMOVE option, 826NOVLABEL option, 826NOVLABEL2 option, 826NOVTICK option, 826



NOVTICK2 option, 826NROWS= option, 826, 889, 902–904options summarized by function, 807–812ORDER1= option, 826, 893ORDER2= option, 827, 893OTHER= option, 805–806, 823–824, 827OTHERCVAL= option, 827, 892OTHERNVAL= option, 828, 892OUT= data set, 891–892OUT= option, 828PBARS= option, 828, 900–901, 907–908PHIGH(n)= option, 828, 905–906PLOW(n)= option, 829, 905POTHER= option, 829SCALE= option, 803–804, 829, 892, 898SYMBOLCHAR= option, 829syntax, 807TILELEGEND= option, 829, 908–909TILELEGLABEL= option, 829TURNVLABEL option, 830VAXIS= option, 830VAXIS2= option, 830VAXIS2LABEL= option, 830VAXISLABEL= option, 830VOFFSET= option, 830VREF= option, 830, 903VREF2= option, 830VREF2LABELS= option, 830VREFCHAR= option, 830VREFLABELS= option, 830VREFLABPOS= option, 831WAXIS= option, 831WBARLINE= option, 831WEIGHT= option, 831, 914–915WGRID= option, 831WGRID2= option, 831

PATTERN statement, 168PBARS= option

PARETO procedure, 828, 863PCHART statement, SHEWHART procedure

See also SHEWHART procedure, PCHART state-ment

examples, advanced, 1334examples, introductory, 1304options summarized by function, 1316–1321,


PCTLDEF= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1648

–PHASE–variablesSHEWHART procedure, 1689

PHASEBREAK optionCUSUM procedure, 1648MACONTROL procedure, 1648SHEWHART procedure, 1648, 1742–1743, 1774

PHASELABTYPE= optionCUSUM procedure, 1648MACONTROL procedure, 1648

SHEWHART procedure, 1648PHASELEGEND option

CUSUM procedure, 1648MACONTROL procedure, 1648SHEWHART procedure, 1648, 1690, 1694–1699

PHASELIMITS optionCUSUM procedure, 1648MACONTROL procedure, 1648SHEWHART procedure, 1648

PHASEMEANSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1099, 1648

PHASEREF optionCUSUM procedure, 1648MACONTROL procedure, 1648SHEWHART procedure, 1648, 1690, 1694–1699

phases of subgroupsSHEWHART procedure, 1625

PHIGH(n)= optionPARETO procedure, 828, 863

PLOW(n)= optionPARETO procedure, 829, 863

POTHER= optionPARETO procedure, 829, 864

PPPLOT statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, PPPLOT statementgetting started, 252options dictionary, 257options summarized by function, 255–257overview, 251syntax, 254

PROBACC2 function, 1853–1854, 1863PROBBNML function, 1854–1855, 1861, 1863PROBHYPR function, 1856–1858, 1861PROBMED function, 1858–1859PROBPLOT statement

See CAPABILITY procedure, PROBPLOT state-ment

getting started, 276options summarized by function, 282–285overview, 275syntax, 281

PROC CAPABILITY statementSee CAPABILITY procedure, PROC CAPABIL-

ITY statementexamples, 56getting started, 9options summarized by function, 16overview, 7syntax, 16

PROC FACTEX statementSee FACTEX procedure, PROC FACTEX state-

mentoptions summarized by function, 442syntax, 446

PROC OPTEX statementSee OPTEX procedure, PROC OPTEX statementsyntax, 734

PROC SHEWHART statementoptions summarized by function, 1042



processes, CUSUM procedureXCHART statement, 375

processes, MACONTROL procedureEWMACHART statement, 620MACHART statement, 674

processes, SHEWHART procedureBOXCHART statement, 1062CCHART statement, 1115IRCHART statement, 1153MCHART statement, 1195MRCHART statement, 1231NPCHART statement, 1273PCHART statement, 1314RCHART statement, 1358SCHART statement, 1393UCHART statement, 1430XCHART statement, 1469XRCHART statement, 1514XSCHART statement, 1562

PSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1648

QQQPLOT statement

See CAPABILITY procedure, QQPLOT statementgetting started, 308options summarized by function, 312–313, 315overview, 307syntax, 311

RRANGES option

SHEWHART procedure, 1649RCHART statement

See also SHEWHART procedure, RCHART state-ment


1365–1366overview, 1347syntax, 1358

READALPHA optionMACONTROL procedure, 631, 685SHEWHART procedure, 1649

READINDEX= optionCUSUM procedure, 388MACONTROL procedure, 631, 686SHEWHART procedure, 1649, 1692–1700, 1742–

1744READLIMITS option

CUSUM procedure, 388MACONTROL procedure, 632, 686SHEWHART procedure, 1650

READPHASES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1650MACONTROL procedure, 1650SHEWHART procedure, 1650, 1689–1700, 1741–

1744

READSIGMAS optionCUSUM procedure, 388

RELIABILITY proceduredetails, 992examples, 925overview, 923syntax, 955

RELIABILITY procedure, ANALYZE statement,952, 957–958, 960

CONVERGE= option, 1006PPOS= option, 996–998PREDICT option, 952summary of options, 958, 960TOLERANCE option, 952

RELIABILITY procedure, BY statement, 955–956RELIABILITY procedure, CLASS statement, 955–

956, 961RELIABILITY procedure, DISTRIBUTION state-

ment, 925–926, 932–933, 936–937, 944,952, 955–956, 961

RELIABILITY procedure, FMODE statement, 955–956, 962

RELIABILITY procedure, FREQ statement, 932–933, 936–937, 955–956, 962

RELIABILITY procedure, INSET statement, 955–956, 962–965

keywords, 963–964summary of options, 965

RELIABILITY procedure, MAKE statement, 944,955–956, 966

NOPRINT option, 966table keywords, 966

RELIABILITY procedure, MCFPLOT statement,947, 949–950, 955, 966–968, 970, 972

MCFDIFF option, 950summary of options, 967–968, 970, 972

RELIABILITY procedure, MODEL statement, 932–933, 944, 955, 972–975

CONVERGE= option, 1006CORRB option, 944COVB option, 944NOINT option, 1007OBSTATS option, 932–933, 944, 975RELATION= option, 932–933summary of options, 974–975

RELIABILITY procedure, NENTER statement, 936–937, 955–956, 976

RELIABILITY procedure, ODStable keywords, 1025

RELIABILITY procedure, ODS table names, 1025RELIABILITY procedure, PPLOT statement

see RELIABILITY procedure, PROBPLOT state-ment

RELIABILITY procedure, PROBPLOT statement,925–926, 929, 936–937, 955, 976, 978–979, 981–983

CONVERGE= option, 1006COVB option, 925–926NOCONF option, 929, 936–937



OVERLAY option, 929PCONFPLT option, 936–937PPOS= option, 996–998READOUT option, 936–937summary of options, 978–979, 981–983

RELIABILITY procedure, RELATIONPLOT state-ment, 932–933, 955, 984–986, 988–991

CONVERGE= option, 1006FIT= option, 932–933LUPPER= option, 932–933NOCONF option, 932–933PLOTDATA option, 932–933PLOTFIT option, 932–933PPLOT option, 932–933PPOS= option, 996–998RELATION= option, 932–933SLOWER= option, 932–933summary of options, 985–986, 988–991

RELIABILITY procedure, RPLOT statementsee RELIABILITY procedure, RELATIONPLOT

statementRELIABILITY procedure, UNITID statement, 947,

950, 955–956, 991REPEAT option


RESET optionMACONTROL procedure, 632

–RMSE– variable, ADXTRANS macro, 1882RSYMBOL= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1653RTMARGIN= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1653RTMPLOT= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1653, 1779

SSCALE= option

PARETO procedure, 829, 864SCHART statement

See also SHEWHART procedure, SCHART state-ment


1401–1402overview, 1383syntax, 1393

SCHEME= optionCUSUM procedure, 389

SEPARATE optionSHEWHART procedure, 1654

SERIFS optionSHEWHART procedure, 1654

SHEWHART procedureand PROC ARIMA, 1757–1762and PROC CAPABILITY, 1780–1781and PROC MACONTROL, 1760

and PROC MIXED, 1767–1768and PROC PRINCOMP, 1784

SHEWHART procedure, all chart statementsALLLABEL= option, 1614ALPHA= option, 1614ANNOTATE= option, 1615BILEVEL option, 1615BLOCKLABELPOS= option, 1616BLOCKLABTYPE= option, 1616BLOCKPOS= option, 1617BLOCKREP option, 1617CAXIS= option, 1621CBLOCKLAB= option, 1621CBLOCKVAR= option, 1621CCONNECT= option, 1622CFRAME= option, 1622CFRAMELAB= option, 1623CHREF= option, 1623CINFILL= option, 1623CLIMITS= option, 1623CONNECTCHAR= option, 1624COUT= option, 1625COUTFILL= option, 1625CPHASELEG= option, 1625CTESTS= option, 1627CTEXT= option, 1627CVREF= option, 1628CZONES= option, 1628DESCRIPTION= option, 1628ENDGRID option, 1628EXCHART option, 1628FONT= option, 1628GRID option, 1629HAXIS= option, 1629HEIGHT= option, 1629HMINOR= option, 1629HOFFSET= option, 1629HREF= option, 1630HREF2DATA= option, 1630HREFCHAR= option, 1631HREFDATA= option, 1631HREFLABELS= option, 1631HREFLABPOS= option, 1631HTML= option, 1632HTML–LEGEND= option, 1632INTERVAL= option, 1633INTSTART= option, 1634LABELFONT= option, 1634LABELHEIGHT= option, 1634LCLLABEL= option, 1634LENDGRID= option, 1635LGRID= option, 1635LHREF= option, 1635LIMITN= option, 1635LLIMITS= option, 1636LTESTS= option, 1638LVREF= option, 1638LZONES= option, 1638MAXPANELS= option, 1638



NAME= option, 1639NDECIMAL= option, 1639NO3SIGMACHECK option, 1640NOBYREF option, 1640NOCHART option, 1640NOCONNECT option, 1641NOCTL option, 1641NOFRAME option, 1641NOHLABEL option, 1641NOLCL option, 1641NOLEGEND option, 1641NOLIMITLABEL option, 1642NOLIMITS option, 1642NOLIMITSFRAME option, 1642NOLIMITSLEGEND option, 1642NOPHASEFRAME option, 1642NOREADLIMITS option, 1642NOUCL option, 1644NOVANGLE option, 1644NPANELPOS= option, 1644OUTHISTORY= option, 1645OUTINDEX= option, 1645OUTLABEL= option, 1645OUTLIMITS= option, 1646OUTPHASE= option, 1646OUTTABLE= option, 1647PAGENUM= option, 1647PAGENUMPOS= option, 1647PHASEBREAK option, 1648PHASELABTYPE= option, 1648PHASELEGEND option, 1648PHASELIMITS option, 1648PHASEREF option, 1648READALPHA option, 1649READINDEX= option, 1649READLIMITS option, 1650READPHASES= option, 1650REPEAT option, 1653SIGMAS= option, 1654SKIPHLABELS= option, 1655SYMBOLCHARS= option, 1662SYMBOLLEGEND= option, 1662SYMBOLORDER= option, 1662TABLE option, 1663TABLEALL option, 1663TABLECENTRAL option, 1663TABLEID option, 1663TABLELEGEND option, 1663TABLEOUTLIM option, 1664TABLETESTS option, 1664TEST2RUN= option, 1664TEST3RUN= option, 1664TESTACROSS option, 1665TESTCHAR= option, 1665TESTFONT= option, 1665TESTHEIGHT= option, 1665TESTLABELn= option, 1666TESTLABEL= option, 1665TESTNMETHOD= option, 1666

TESTOVERLAP option, 1666TESTS= option, 1667TOTPANELS= option, 1669TURNALL option, 1670TURNHLABELS option, 1670TYPE= option, 1670UCLLABEL= option, 1671VAXIS= option, 1672VMINOR= option, 1672VOFFSET= option, 1672VREF= option, 1672VREFCHAR= option, 1674VREFLABELS= option, 1674VREFLABPOS= option, 1674WAXIS= option, 1675WEBOUT= option, 1675WGRID= option, 1675WLIMITS= option, 1675ZEROSTD= option, 1676ZONECHAR= option, 1677ZONEVALPOS= option, 1677

SHEWHART procedure, BOXCHART statement,1102

See also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-ments

ALPHA= option, 1074BOXSTYLE= option, 1089–1092BOXWIDTHSCALE= option, 1093–1094CONTROLSTAT= option, 1052, 1073–1074DATA= data set, 1079–1080HISTORY= data set, 1053–1056, 1080–1082LBOXES= option, 1095–1096LIMITN= option, 1074LIMITS= data set, 1061, 1080LSL= option, 1076MEDCENTRAL= option, 1074missing values, 1085MU0= option, 1074NOCHART option, 1056NOHLABEL option, 1589–1591NOLEGEND option, 1589–1591, 1764NOLIMITS option, 1764NOTCHES option, 1092–1093OUTHISTORY= data set, 1056–1058, 1076–1077OUTLIMITS= data set, 1058–1059, 1075–1076OUTTABLE= data set, 1059–1060, 1077–1078RANGES option, 1649SERIFS option, 1089SIGMA0= option, 1074SIGMAS= option, 1074SMETHOD= option, 1083STDDEVIATIONS option, 1057, 1764TABLE= data set, 1060, 1082–1083TARGET= option, 1076TESTS= option, 1731USL= option, 1076

SHEWHART procedure, CCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

ments



ALPHA= option, 1127CSYMBOL= option, 1136–1137DATA= data set, 1130HISTORY= data set, 1111–1113, 1131–1132LIMITN= option, 1127LIMITS= data set, 1110–1111, 1130–1131LTESTS= option, 1134–1136missing values, 1133NOCHART option, 1108NOLEGEND option, 1136–1137OUTHISTORY= data set, 1113–1114, 1128–1129OUTLIMITS= data set, 1108, 1127–1128OUTTABLE= data set, 1109, 1129SIGMAS= option, 1127SUBGROUPN= option, 1113–1114TABLE= data set, 1109, 1132–1133TABLELEGEND option, 1134–1136TABLETESTS option, 1134–1136TESTS= option, 1134–1136, 1731U0= option, 1127, 1136–1137ZONELABELS option, 1134–1136

SHEWHART procedure, INSET statementCFILL= option, 1605CFILLH= option, 1605CFRAME= option, 1605CHEADER= option, 1605CSHADOW= option, 1605CTEXT= option, 1606DATA option, 1606FONT= option, 1606FORMAT= option, 1606HEADER= option, 1606HEIGHT= option, 1606NOFRAME option, 1606POSITION= option, 1606–1608REFPOINT= option, 1606

SHEWHART procedure, IRCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALPHA= option, 1165DATA= data set, 1169HISTORY= data set, 1147–1148, 1170–1171LIMITN= option, 1151–1152, 1165LIMITS= data set, 1150–1151, 1169–1170LSL= option, 1167LTESTS= option, 1175–1177LTMARGIN= option, 1180LTMPLOT= option, 1180missing values, 1174MU0= option, 1165, 1177, 1778NOCHART option, 1146OUTHISTORY= data set, 1146, 1167OUTLIMITS= data set, 1148, 1166–1167OUTTABLE= data set, 1149, 1168PHASEBREAK option, 1774RTMPLOT= option, 1179–1180, 1779SIGMA0= option, 1165, 1177, 1778SIGMAS= option, 1165TABLE= data set, 1150, 1171–1172

TABLETESTS option, 1175–1176TARGET= option, 1167TEST2RUN= option, 1175–1177TESTS= option, 1175–1177, 1731USL= option, 1167XSYMBOL= option, 1177ZONELABELS option, 1175–1177

SHEWHART procedure, MCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALPHA= option, 1207DATA= data set, 1211–1212HISTORY= data set, 1186–1189, 1213–1214LIMITN= option, 1207LIMITS= data set, 1193–1194, 1212LSL= option, 1209MEDCENTRAL= option, 1207missing values, 1215MU0= option, 1207NOCHART option, 1189–1190OUTHISTORY= data set, 1189–1191, 1209–1210OUTLIMITS= data set, 1191–1192, 1208–1209OUTTABLE= data set, 1192–1193, 1210–1211SIGMA0= option, 1207SIGMAS= option, 1207STDDEVIATIONS option, 1190–1191TABLE= data set, 1192–1193, 1214–1215TARGET= option, 1209TESTS= option, 1731USL= option, 1209

SHEWHART procedure, MRCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALLN option, 1255–1256ALPHA= option, 1244DATA= data set, 1248HISTORY= data set, 1222–1225, 1249–1250LIMITN= option, 1244, 1254–1256LIMITS= data set, 1229–1230, 1248–1249MEDCENTRAL= option, 1243missing values, 1252MU0= option, 1244NMARKERS option, 1255–1256NOCHART option, 1225–1226OUTHISTORY= data set, 1225–1226, 1245–1246OUTLIMITS= data set, 1226–1227, 1244–1245OUTTABLE= data set, 1227–1228, 1246–1247SIGMA0= option, 1244SIGMAS= option, 1244SMETHOD= option, 1251–1252, 1256–1257TABLE= data set, 1228, 1250–1251TESTS= option, 1731TESTS2= option, 1746

SHEWHART procedure, NPCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALLN option, 1297ALPHA= option, 1285DATA= data set, 1288



DATAUNIT= option, 1266–1267HISTORY= data set, 1267–1268, 1289–1290LIMITN= option, 1285, 1297LIMITS= data set, 1271, 1289, 1294–1295, 1298–

1300LTESTS= option, 1292–1293missing values, 1291NEEDLES option, 1294–1295NOLEGEND option, 1294–1295NPSYMBOL= option, 1294–1295OUTHISTORY= data set, 1268, 1286OUTLIMITS= data set, 1269, 1285–1286, 1295–

1297OUTTABLE= data set, 1270, 1286–1287P0= option, 1285, 1294–1295SIGMAS= option, 1285SUBGROUPN= option, 1265, 1295–1297TABLE= data set, 1270–1271, 1290–1291TABLELEGEND option, 1292–1293TABLETESTS option, 1292–1293TESTS= option, 1292–1293, 1731ZONELABELS option, 1292–1293

SHEWHART procedure, PCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALLN option, 1339ALPHA= option, 1326DATA= data set, 1329DATAUNIT= option, 1307HISTORY= data set, 1307–1308, 1330–1331LIMITN= option, 1326, 1339LIMITS= data set, 1312, 1330, 1336–1337LTESTS= option, 1334–1335missing values, 1333NEEDLES option, 1336–1337NOLEGEND option, 1336–1337OUTHISTORY= data set, 1309, 1327OUTLIMITS= data set, 1309–1310, 1326–1327,

1337–1339OUTTABLE= data set, 1310–1311, 1328P0= option, 1326, 1336–1337PSYMBOL= option, 1336–1337READINDEX= option, 1341–1342SIGMAS= option, 1326SUBGROUPN= option, 1305, 1337–1339TABLE= data set, 1311, 1331–1332TABLELEGEND option, 1334–1335TABLETESTS option, 1334–1335TESTS= option, 1334–1335, 1731VREF= option, 1341–1342VREFLABELS= option, 1341–1342VREFLABPOS= option, 1341–1342YSCALE= option, 1339ZONELABELS option, 1334–1335

SHEWHART procedure, PROC SHEWHART state-ment

CIINDICES= option, 1623TESTURLS= option, 1669

SHEWHART procedure, RCHART statement


ALPHA= option, 1369, 1377–1378DATA= data set, 1372HISTORY= data set, 1350–1353, 1374LIMITN= option, 1369LIMITS= data set, 1356–1357, 1373, 1378–1380LSL= option, 1370missing values, 1376NOCHART option, 1353–1354NOLIMIT0 option, 1380OUTHISTORY= data set, 1353–1354, 1370–1371OUTLIMITS= data set, 1354–1355, 1369–1370,

1377–1378OUTTABLE= data set, 1355–1356, 1371–1372READALPHA option, 1378SIGMA0= option, 1369, 1380SIGMAS= option, 1369SMETHOD= option, 1375–1376TABLE= data set, 1356, 1374–1375TARGET= option, 1370TESTS2= option, 1746USL= option, 1370

SHEWHART procedure, SCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALPHA= option, 1404DATA= data set, 1408HISTORY= data set, 1386–1388, 1409–1410LIMITN= option, 1404LIMITS= data set, 1391–1392, 1409LSL= option, 1405missing values, 1413OUTHISTORY= data set, 1388–1389, 1406OUTLIMITS= data set, 1389–1390, 1404, 1406OUTTABLE= data set, 1390–1391, 1406–1407SIGMA0= option, 1404, 1414–1415SIGMAS= option, 1404SMETHOD= option, 1412–1413SSYMBOL= option, 1414–1415TABLE= data set, 1391, 1410–1411TARGET= option, 1405TESTS2= option, 1746USL= option, 1405

SHEWHART procedure, UCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALPHA= option, 1442DATA= data set, 1445HISTORY= data set, 1425–1427, 1446–1447LIMITN= option, 1442LIMITS= data set, 1424–1425, 1446LTESTS= option, 1449–1450missing values, 1448NOCHART option, 1422–1423OUTHISTORY= data set, 1428–1429, 1443OUTLIMITS= data set, 1422, 1442–1443, 1452–

1454OUTTABLE= data set, 1423–1424, 1444



SIGMAS= option, 1442SUBGROUPN= option, 1420–1421, 1429, 1453–

1454TABLE= data set, 1424, 1447–1448TABLETESTS option, 1449–1450TESTS= option, 1449–1450, 1731U0= option, 1442, 1451–1452USYMBOL= option, 1451–1452ZONELABELS option, 1449–1450

SHEWHART procedure, XCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALPHA= option, 1481BLOCKLABELPOS= option, 1688–1689, 1775–

1776BLOCKLABTYPE= option, 1775–1776BLOCKPOS= option, 1686–1689CBLOCKVAR= option, 1687–1689CFRAME= option, 1690CNEEDLES= option, 1714CPHASELEG= option, 1690DATA= data set, 1485HISTORY= data set, 1460–1463, 1486–1487LABELFONT= option, 1709–1710LIMITN= option, 1481LIMITS= data set, 1467–1468, 1486LSL= option, 1482LSTARCIRCLES= option, 1703–1704, 1709–

1710LTESTS= option, 1492–1493LTMARGIN= option, 1688–1689missing values, 1491MU0= option, 1481NOCHART option, 1463–1464NOLEGEND option, 1492–1493, 1686–1690OUTHISTORY= data set, 1463–1465, 1483OUTINDEX= option, 1496OUTLIMITS= data set, 1465, 1481–1483OUTTABLE= data set, 1466, 1484PHASELEGEND option, 1690, 1694–1699PHASEREF option, 1690, 1694–1699READINDEXES= option, 1692–1700READPHASES= option, 1689–1700SIGMA0= option, 1481SIGMAS= option, 1481SMETHOD= option, 1488–1490, 1495–1496STARBDRADIUS= option, 1710STARCIRCLES= option, 1703–1704STARINRADIUS= option, 1704STARLABEL= option, 1709–1710STARLEGEND= option, 1709–1710STAROUTRADIUS= option, 1704STARSPECS= option, 1708–1710STARSTART= option, 1703–1707, 1709–1710STARTYPE= option, 1705–1707STARVERTICES= option, 1702–1707, 1709–

1710STDDEVIATIONS option, 1495–1496SYMBOLCHARS= option, 1684

SYMBOLLEGEND= option, 1683–1684TABLE= data set, 1466, 1488TABLECENTRAL option, 1492–1493TABLELEGEND option, 1492–1493TABLETESTS option, 1492–1493TARGET= option, 1482TESTS= option, 1492–1493, 1731TRENDVAR= option, 1714, 1775USL= option, 1482WSTARCIRCLES= option, 1704ZONELABELS option, 1492–1493

SHEWHART procedure, XRCHART statementSee also SHEWHART procedure, all chart state-

mentsALLN option, 1546, 1735ALPHA= option, 1526CLIPFACTOR= option, 1716–1718CLIPLEGEND= option, 1718CLIPLEGPOS= option, 1718CLIPSUBCHAR= option, 1718CLIPSYMBOL= option, 1718CTESTS= option, 1745CZONES= option, 1745DATA= data set, 1530HISTORY= data set, 1505–1506, 1531–1532LIMITN= option, 1526, 1546, 1735LIMITS= data set, 1512–1513, 1531, 1544LSL= option, 1527LTESTS= option, 1541, 1745missing values, 1539MU0= option, 1526, 1543–1544, 1735NMARKERS option, 1546NOCHART option, 1507–1508OUTHISTORY= data set, 1507–1508, 1528OUTLIMITS= data set, 1508–1510, 1527–1528OUTTABLE= data set, 1510–1511, 1529PHASEBREAK option, 1742–1743READINDEXES= option, 1742READPHASES= option, 1741–1742SIGMA0= option, 1526, 1543–1544, 1735SIGMAS= option, 1526SMETHOD= option, 1536, 1547, 1739subgroup-variable, 1534–1535TABLE= data set, 1512, 1532–1533TABLETESTS option, 1541TARGET= option, 1528, 1538TESTACROSS option, 1743–1744TESTCHAR= option, 1745TESTLABELn= option, 1745TESTLABEL= option, 1740, 1745TESTNMETHOD= option, 1738, 1743–1744TESTS= option, 1731, 1734–1735TESTS2= option, 1746USL= option, 1527XSYMBOL= option, 1543ZONECHAR= option, 1745ZONELABELS option, 1541, 1745ZONES option, 1745

SHEWHART procedure, XSCHART statement




ALPHA= option, 1574, 1585DATA= data set, 1578HISTORY= data set, 1579–1580LIMITN= option, 1574LIMITS= data set, 1579LSL= option, 1576missing values, 1584MU0= option, 1574OUTHISTORY= data set, 1557–1558, 1576OUTLIMITS= data set, 1558–1559, 1575–1576,

1585OUTTABLE= data set, 1559–1560, 1577SIGMA0= option, 1574SIGMAS= option, 1574SPLIT= option, 1721TABLE= data set, 1560, 1580–1581TARGET= option, 1576TESTS= option, 1731TESTS2= option, 1746USL= option, 1576

SHIFT= optionCUSUM procedure, 389

SIGMA0= optionCUSUM procedure, 389MACONTROL procedure, 632, 686SHEWHART procedure, 1654, 1735, 1778

SIGMAS= optionCUSUM procedure, 389MACONTROL procedure, 632, 686SHEWHART procedure, 1654

SIZE statement, FACTEX procedureSee FACTEX procedure, SIZE statementoptions summarized by function, 442syntax, 455–456

SKIPHLABELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1655MACONTROL procedure, 1655SHEWHART procedure, 1655

SMETHOD= optionCUSUM procedure, 389MACONTROL procedure, 1655SHEWHART procedure, 1655, 1739

SPAN= optionMACONTROL procedure, 686

SPEC statementoptions summarized by function, 26–27syntax, 26

SPLIT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1656MACONTROL procedure, 1656SHEWHART procedure, 1656, 1721

SSYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1656

STARBDRADIUS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1656MACONTROL procedure, 1656SHEWHART procedure, 1656, 1710

STARCIRCLES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1656MACONTROL procedure, 1656SHEWHART procedure, 1656, 1703–1704

STARINRADIUS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1657MACONTROL procedure, 1657SHEWHART procedure, 1657, 1704

STARLABEL= optionCUSUM procedure, 1658MACONTROL procedure, 1658SHEWHART procedure, 1658, 1709–1710

STARLEGEND= optionCUSUM procedure, 1658MACONTROL procedure, 1658SHEWHART procedure, 1658, 1709–1710

STARLEGENDLAB= optionCUSUM procedure, 1659MACONTROL procedure, 1659SHEWHART procedure, 1659

STAROUTRADIUS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1659MACONTROL procedure, 1659SHEWHART procedure, 1659, 1704

STARSPECS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1659MACONTROL procedure, 1659SHEWHART procedure, 1659, 1708–1710

STARSTART= optionCUSUM procedure, 1660MACONTROL procedure, 1660SHEWHART procedure, 1660, 1703–1707, 1709–

1710STARTYPE= option

CUSUM procedure, 1660MACONTROL procedure, 1660SHEWHART procedure, 1660, 1705–1707

STARVERTICES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1661MACONTROL procedure, 1661SHEWHART procedure, 1661, 1702–1707, 1709–

1710STDDEVIATIONS option

SHEWHART procedure, 1655, 1661, 1764STDMED function, 1859–1860subgroup-variable, CUSUM procedure

XCHART statement, 376subgroup-variable, MACONTROL procedure

EWMACHART statement, 620MACHART statement, 674

subgroup-variable, SHEWHART procedureBOXCHART statement, 1062CCHART statement, 1115IRCHART statement, 1153MCHART statement, 1195MRCHART statement, 1231NPCHART statement, 1273PCHART statement, 1314RCHART statement, 1358



SCHART statement, 1393UCHART statement, 1431XCHART statement, 1469XRCHART statement, 1514XSCHART statement, 1562

SUBGROUPN= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1661

SYMBOL statement, 168–169symbol-variable, CUSUM procedure

XCHART statement, 376symbol-variable, MACONTROL procedure

EWMACHART statement, 621MACHART statement, 675

symbol-variable, SHEWHART procedureBOXCHART statement, 1062CCHART statement, 1116displaying, 1662IRCHART statement, 1154MCHART statement, 1196MRCHART statement, 1232NPCHART statement, 1274PCHART statement, 1315RCHART statement, 1359SCHART statement, 1394UCHART statement, 1431XCHART statement, 1470XRCHART statement, 1515XSCHART statement, 1563

SYMBOLCHAR= optionPARETO procedure, 829

SYMBOLCHARS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1662MACONTROL procedure, 1662SHEWHART procedure, 1662, 1684

SYMBOLLEGEND= optionCUSUM procedure, 1662MACONTROL procedure, 1662SHEWHART procedure, 1662, 1683–1684

SYMBOLORDER= optionCUSUM procedure, 1662MACONTROL procedure, 1662SHEWHART procedure, 1662

TTABLE option

MACONTROL procedure, 1663SHEWHART procedure, 1663

TABLEALL optionCUSUM procedure, 389MACONTROL procedure, 1663SHEWHART procedure, 1663

TABLEBOX= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1663

TABLECENTRAL optionMACONTROL procedure, 1663SHEWHART procedure, 1663

TABLECHART optionCUSUM procedure, 390

TABLECOMP option

CUSUM procedure, 390TABLEID option


TABLELEGEND optionSHEWHART procedure, 1663

TABLEOUT optionCUSUM procedure, 390

TABLEOUTLIM optionMACONTROL procedure, 1664SHEWHART procedure, 1664

tablesextreme observations, number, 23extreme values, number, 23robust estimates of scale, 24specialized capability indices, 24

TABLESUMMARY optionCUSUM procedure, 390

TABLETESTS optionSHEWHART procedure, 1664

TARGET= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1664

TEST2RUN= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1664, 1737

TEST3RUN= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1664, 1737

TESTACROSS optionSHEWHART procedure, 1665, 1743–1744

TESTCHAR= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1665, 1745

TESTFONT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1665

TESTHEIGHT= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1665

TESTLABELn= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1666, 1745

TESTLABEL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1665, 1740, 1745

TESTNMETHOD= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1666, 1738, 1743–1744

TESTOVERLAP optionSHEWHART procedure, 1666

TESTS= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1667, 1734–1735

TESTS2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1669, 1746

TESTURLS= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1669

TILELEGEND= optionPARETO procedure, 829, 864

TILELEGLABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 829, 864

TOTPANELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1669MACONTROL procedure, 1669SHEWHART procedure, 1669

TRENDVAR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1669



MACONTROL procedure, 1669SHEWHART procedure, 1669, 1714, 1775

TURNALL optionCUSUM procedure, 1670MACONTROL procedure, 1670SHEWHART procedure, 1670

TURNHLABELS optionCUSUM procedure, 1670MACONTROL procedure, 1670SHEWHART procedure, 1670

TURNVLABEL optionPARETO procedure, 830

TYPE= optionCUSUM procedure, 390MACONTROL procedure, 1670SHEWHART procedure, 1670

UU0= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1671UCHART statement, SHEWHART procedure

See also SHEWHART procedure, UCHART state-ment

examples, advanced, 1449examples, introductory, 1420options summarized by function, 1432, 1434–1437,


UCLLABEL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 1671SHEWHART procedure, 1671

UCLLABEL2= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1671

USL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1671

USYMBOL= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1671

VVAXIS= option

CUSUM procedure, 1672MACONTROL procedure, 1672PARETO procedure, 830SHEWHART procedure, 1672

VAXIS2= optionPARETO procedure, 830SHEWHART procedure, 1672

VAXIS2LABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 830

VAXISLABEL= optionPARETO procedure, 830

VMINOR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1672MACONTROL procedure, 1672SHEWHART procedure, 1672

VOFFSET= optionCUSUM procedure, 1672MACONTROL procedure, 1672

PARETO procedure, 830, 864SHEWHART procedure, 1672

VREF= optionCUSUM procedure, 1672MACONTROL procedure, 1672PARETO procedure, 830, 864SHEWHART procedure, 1672

VREF2= optionCUSUM procedure, 1673MACONTROL procedure, 1673PARETO procedure, 830SHEWHART procedure, 1673

VREF2LABELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1673MACONTROL procedure, 1673PARETO procedure, 830SHEWHART procedure, 1673

VREFCHAR= optionCUSUM procedure, 1674MACONTROL procedure, 1674PARETO procedure, 830SHEWHART procedure, 1674

VREFLABELS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1674MACONTROL procedure, 1674PARETO procedure, 830, 865SHEWHART procedure, 1674

VREFLABPOS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1674MACONTROL procedure, 1674PARETO procedure, 831, 865SHEWHART procedure, 1674

VZERO optionSHEWHART procedure, 1675

VZERO2 optionSHEWHART procedure, 1675

WWAXIS= option


WBARLINE= optionPARETO procedure, 831, 865

WEBOUT= optionCUSUM procedure, 1675MACONTROL procedure, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1675

WEIGHT= optionMACONTROL procedure, 632PARETO procedure, 831, 865

WGRID= optionCUSUM procedure, 1675MACONTROL procedure, 1675PARETO procedure, 831, 865SHEWHART procedure, 1675

WGRID2= optionPARETO procedure, 831, 865



WHERE statementSHEWHART procedure, 1723–1726

WLIMITS= optionCUSUM procedure, 390MACONTROL procedure, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1675

WMASK= optionCUSUM procedure, 390

WSTARCIRCLES= optionCUSUM procedure, 1675MACONTROL procedure, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1675, 1704

WSTARS= optionCUSUM procedure, 1675MACONTROL procedure, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1675

WTREND= optionCUSUM procedure, 1675MACONTROL procedure, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1675

XXCHART statement, CUSUM procedure

See also CUSUM procedure, XCHART statementexamples, advanced, 410examples, introductory, 362notation, 391overview, 361syntax, 375

XCHART statement, SHEWHART procedureSee also SHEWHART procedure, XCHART state-

mentexamples, advanced, 1492examples, introductory, 1458options summarized by function, 1470–1475, 1477,


XRCHART statementSee SHEWHART procedure, XRCHART state-

mentexamples, advanced, 1540examples, introductory, 1502options summarized by function, 1515–1520, 1522,


XSCHART statementSee SHEWHART procedure, XSCHART state-



XSYMBOL= optionMACONTROL procedure, 649, 702, 1675SHEWHART procedure, 1543, 1675

XVERT algorithm, 1896–1897

YYPCT1= option


YSCALE= optionSHEWHART procedure, 1676

ZZEROSTD option

SHEWHART procedure, 1676ZONE2LABELS option

SHEWHART procedure, 1676ZONE2VALUES option

SHEWHART procedure, 1676ZONECHAR= option

SHEWHART procedure, 1677, 1745ZONELABELS option

SHEWHART procedure, 1677, 1745ZONES option

SHEWHART procedure, 1677, 1745ZONES2 option

SHEWHART procedure, 1677ZONEVALPOS= option

CUSUM procedure, 1677SHEWHART procedure, 1677

ZONEVALUES option



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