substation automations systems, psguard wide area ... · pdf file© abb group april 24,...

© ABB Group April 24, 2012 | Slide 1

Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPortfolio, applications and experiences

Substation Automations Systems, PSGuard


Traditional gridsYears of development to provide automation of

well-established power system model

• Electromechanical to numerical technology

• Centralized and/or distributed architectures

• Communication protocols : interoperability

Wide Area Monitoring Systems From traditional to future grids

Future gridsAutomation systems for a new power system and business model

• Decentralized (renewable sources)

• Demand-side management

• FACTS (SVC, TCSC, STATCOM, PST), HVDC

Industry challengesNeed for more electricityEmissions reductionIntegration and management of renewable energyOptimal use of ageing assets Ensure reliability of supplyEnergy efficiency and security


Wide Area Monitoring Systems From traditional to future grids

• Centralized power generation• One-directional power flow• Generation follows load• Operation based on historical experience• Limited grid accessibility for new producers

Traditional grids

• Decentralized and distributed power generation• Intermittent renewable power generation• Consumers become also producers• Multi-directional power flow• Load adapted to production • Operation based more on real-time data

Future grids


Increasing demand for power

Transmission networks get bigger by aggregation (island interconnected)

Distance between generation and load changes

Laws, regulations & politics often impede building power plants where they are needed

Introduction of distributed energy resources e.g. wind

Load flow becomes volatile

Modern supervision and tools are needed

Increase the utilization of new technologies e.g. WAMSto allow the networks to operate closer to its capacity while maintaining system security

Svenska Kraftnät 2001

Wide Area Monitoring Systems General challenges in transmission networks


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsBasic idea


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPhasor measurements

Timestamp accuracy: 1 microsecondAbsolute angle accuracy error: < 0.1 degreeCT/VT: 0.2 …0.5%

High accuracy provides the basis for an accurate monitoring of power networks


Local Measurements in Substations

CT‘s: high accuracy in small current valuesrequires connection to measurement cores


Phasor Measurement UnitABB RES521

Based on Protective Relay technology

18 Analog Inputs (4 x 3ph CTs, 2 x 3ph VTs)

Selectable transfer rates up to 1 phasor/cycle

GPS Synchronization

Accurate frequency measurement < 5 mHz error

Local functions such as frequency, df/dt

Local trigger functions

Synchrophasor data format (IEEE 1344-1995, IEEE C37.118)


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard


PSGuard positioning

PSGuard


PSGuardWide Area Monitoring System

PSGuard System

Based on ABB’s process control system and Windows Server technology

Server/Client architecture

PMU data acquisition with OPC standard interface

High resolution data storage and export

Graphical User Interface

WAMS applications

Connection to SCADA systems

PSGuard Communication Gateway

PMU data exchange in real-time between utilities


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsTypical architecture

On-line ApplicationsOn-line Applications

PSGuardWide Area Monitoring System


PSGuard Applications

Phase Angle Monitoring

Voltage Stability Monitoring

Line Thermal Monitoring

Event Driven Data Archiving

Power Oscillation Monitoring

Power Damping Monitoring

SCADA/EMS integration

Communication gateway


PSGuard Application Portfolio

Modular and scalable system structure


OPC (OLE for Process Control) is a standard for Process Control Systems

Provides PMU measurements to the PSGuard System via OPC Standard Interface

Supervises GPS synchronisation and communication channels

Supports IEEE1344-1995 and IEEE C37.118

Connectivity – OPC Data Access Server for PMUs


Basic Monitoring – Process Visualization

Efficient Graphical User Interface engineering based on a WAM library


Configurable ring buffer data storage

PMU measurements

Application results

Every data point stored with

Timestamp

Value

Quality

Export application

Export to CSV files

Data Storage and Export


PSGuard Application Portfolio

Modular and scalable system structure


Event Driven Data Archiving (EDDA)

Wide Area Disturbance Recorder based on logical trigger conditions

Central triggering by observing network-wide data

Configurable archiving length and resolution

Archives are provided in CSV file format (MS Excel)

Continuous archiving provides daily archiving for long-term data storage


Phase Angle Monitoring (PAM)

Online calculation of voltage phase angle difference

Configurable alarming and warning thresholds


Power Oscillations Monitoring (POM)

Real-time detection of power swings

Algorithm is fed with selected voltage and current phasors

Detection of various swing (power oscillation) modes

Quickly identifies amplitude and frequency of oscillations

In service since 2005

Field experience in Switzerland, Croatia, Mexico, Thailand, Finland, Norway, Austria

Bus Voltage

Mode Frequency, HzDamping, %

Mode Amplitude, V


Power Oscillations Monitoring (POM)

ABB CRC research finalized on next generation of POM application

Accurate determination of damping levels under ambient conditions

Mode shape determination

Use of multiple input signals

Simulationeous detection of multiple modes

Verified against simulated measurements and field measurements from the Fingrid WAMS

Verified against other algorithms in University collaboration

Ready for piloting


Power Damping Monitoring (PDM)

Real-time detection and visualization of multiple oscillation modes to truly understand the system behaviour

Monitor damping and modal activity of most dangerous modes in the power system from ambient data (before large excitations happen)

Quickly identify the participants and sources of inter-area oscillations using online visualization of modal shapes

Early warning of poorly damped lines allows operators to react before an event triggers an inter-area oscillation


PDM Modal Observability MapIdentify participants in inter-area oscillations


Line Thermal Monitoring (LTM)

Use PMU measurements of voltage and current to calculate average line temperature of the monitored line

On-line display of average temperature

Initial field results correlate increased power transfer from 950 MW to 1150 MW leads to an average temperature increase from 46 degrees to 49 degrees over 30 min

Sample recordings from Swissgrid


Provides power margin to the point of maximum loadability of transmission corridors regarding voltage stability

High accuracy by using PMU data (dynamic data)

Fast reaction (Usage of real-time data)

Voltage Stability Monitoring (VSM)

3 transmissioncorridor

PMU PMU


PSGuard Communication Gateway

PMU data exchange between utilities in real-time

PMU standard protocols IEEE1344-1995 and IEEE C37.118 are supported

The external WAM systems are able to communicate with the Gateway as with a physical PMU device

Filter functionality allows selective data transmission (e.g. only voltages but no current measurements are provided)


The Interface Manager provides operators with processed data and alarms from PSGuard in conventional SCADA/EMS systems.

RTU standard protocols and specific customer protocols are provided for the integration in SCADA.

Interface Manager – SCADA integration


ABB PSGuard / WAM-System Installations


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard in Fingrid (Finland)

Since 2006

10 PMUs in Finland

Communication gateway to PMU in Norway

SCADA integration

Main application post-disturbance analysis of system performance

Collaboration project on power oscillation monitoring


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard in Swissgrid (Switzerland)

Since 2004

7 PMUs – ABB RES521

Connection to PDCs & PMUs from major European utilities allow monitoring of dynamics across Europe

Monitoring and early warning system for the loading of the north-south corridor of the Swiss transmission grid

SCADA integration

Monitoring of reconnection of UCTE zones (2004)


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard in HEP (Croatia)

Since 2003


Enhance stability of transmission system and optimize utilization of transmission capacity

Features:20 ms

Basic monitoring, storage and archive

Line thermal monitoring

Voltage stability monitoring

Data exchange with other PDCs


Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard in APG (Austria)

Since 2005

Monitoring of the vital 220 kV double lines between Vienna and Ternitz substations with phase angle monitoring and line thermal monitoring



Wide Area Monitoring SystemsPSGuard in EGAT (Thailand)

Since 2005 (First WAMS in Asia)


Monitor stability of heavily loaded 230 kV transmission lines between southern and central region of Thailand

Application of Power Oscillation Monitoring to detect power swings

substation automations systems, psguard wide area ... · pdf file© abb group april 24,...

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