teaching strategies for the millennial adult c. denise hancock, phd, rn, lcce assistant professor...
TRANSCRIPT
TEACHING STRATEGIES FOR THE MILLENNIAL ADULT
C. Denise Hancock, PhD, RN, LCCEAssistant ProfessorWilliam Carey University
Disclosures
• Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to enable the learner to identify key characteristics of the Millennial generation and develop strategies to engage and connect with Millennial adults
• Target Audience: Registered Nurses
Objectives
• By the end of this activity, participants will be able to:• Explain the concept of generational differences• Compare personal generation and characteristics to the Millennial generation
• Describe common learning styles and preferences of young Millennial adults
• Identify at least 3 potential strategies to adapt teaching and learning activities
“that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man [or woman] as a member of society”
Sir Edward B. Tyler, 1871(Campinha-Bacote, 2007)Photo source: Wikimedia Commons. From Popular Science Monthly 26 (1884): 145. Public Domain
Culture
What is a Generational Cohort?
(Strauss & Howe, 1991)
Strauss & Howe’s Generational Theory
Idealist Reactive Civic Adaptive
(Strauss & Howe, 1991)
Each era is 80 year cycle with 4 archetypes
Generational Theory – Today’s Cohorts
Baby Boomer
1946-1964
Generation X
1965-1980Millennial1981-1996
Post Millennial
1997 -
(Pew Research Center, 2015; Strauss & Howe, 1991)NOTE: Sources disagree on dividing birth year boundaries by as much as 5 years.
Idealist Reactive Civic Adaptive
Let’s compare
Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2014 March Current Population Survey from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)
Post-millenials
now about
61 million.
Millennials: the most diverse adult cohort
Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2014 March Current Population Survey from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)
1 in 5 is Hispanic
12% Have at least 1 immigrant parent
(Pew Research Center, 2011)
Millennials are different.
Lowest rates of marriage (28%) & military service (3%)
1 in 4 claim no religious
affiliation
Enough with numbers.
What happened?
Baby Boomers
(Photos from various sources in public domain)
Generation X
Millennials
Post-Millennials (Generation Z?)
Millennials
Millennials’ lives are shaped by technology
• “Digital natives” who are techno-literate, techno-fluent, even techno-dependent
• Typically use 5+ technologies per day• 97%+ have cell phones• 8 in 10 sleep with cell phone • Instant access communication is the norm (text/IM)
• 49% of young adults use messaging apps like WhatsApp, Kik, iMessage or SnapChat
(Mr Youth & RepNation Media, 2015; Pew Research Center , 2015)
Millennials are the heaviest users of social media
• 82% on Facebook• 55% on Instagram• 32% on Twitter • 27% on Pinterest • 22% on LinkedIn
(Pew Research Center , 2015)
Family and parenthood are important to Millennials. Marriage? Not so much.
• 60% raised by both parents / 40% not• 44% think marriage is obsolete• 30% say successful marriage is a priority• Expect and want gender-neutral family roles• More than half say being a “good parent” is a priority• Typically have good relationships with own Baby Boomer
or Gen X parents• May even live in parental home
(Pew Research Center, 2010; Ray, 2013)
Social connections center on peers & families. Strangers and celebrities also influence decisions.
• Social media sites are used to create and maintain community.
• Rely heavily on consumer review sites (Yelp, Google, LivingSocial, Groupon, etc.)
• “crowdsourced decision-making”
(Boston Consulting Group, 2015; MrYouth & RepNation Media, 2009; Pew Research Center, 2010)
• Millennials report that, on average, their purchasing decisions are influenced by 5 people (compared with 3 for Baby Boomers).
• Who influences them? • 59% friends, • 52% partners, • 51 % parents,• 33% strangers, and • 23% celebrities.
Who doesn’t influence them? Experts!
(Boston Consulting Group, 2015)
Core Millennial Values
• Both genders are egocentric. • High value on things such as appearance , wealth,
professional success, status, luxury, consuming, adventure, excitement, and travel.
• Engage in multiple modes of self expression• 1 of 5 have posted a video of themselves online. • 4 of 10 have a tattoo (or more)• 1 of 4 have a body piercing (other than ear)
(Boston Consulting Group, 2015; Pew Research Center, 2010)
Gender Differences in Values
Males place greater importance on external recognition.
• status, professional success, luxury, craftsmanship
Females more likely to espouse intrinsic and psychosocial values.
• disconnecting /unplugging, fitness, simplifying, tradition, stability, locally grown, home, local communities, family, spirituality, wellness, saving, naturalness
(Boston Consulting Group, 2015)
How do Millennials describe themselves?
(Boston Consulting Group, 2015)
83 million millennials are in prime
child-bearing years!
Big impacts coming for families, communities, and healthcare systems.
Key Pregnancy & Birth Trends (U.S. 2013)
• 4 million births per year • Mothers are getting older, mean age 26 at 1st birth
• Birth rates for young mothers at historic lows (26.5 for teens and 80.7 for mothers in 20s)
• Highest birth rate for mothers in 30s (98.0)• Lowest birth rate for mothers in 40s (10.4)
• Mothers are likely to be unmarried (40.6% births)• More twins! (Historic high rate of 33.7)
Note: Birth rates are per 1,000. (CDC, 2015)
Financial impact of childbirth
• Childbirth is single largest reason for hospitalization in the U.S.
• Costs are reported to be high and growing
• Researchers and policy experts are beginning to publish reports pushing for cost containment
Image Source: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_05.pdf
Mixed success covering Millennials with private insurance
• Private insurance usage for birth has declined last 10 yrs• Black, Hispanic and Teens more likely to use Medicaid.• Among employees < 26 yrs, 83% are eligible for insurance
but “take rate” only 44% (compared to 69% overall) (ADP Research Institute, 2015)
• Possible reasons• Premium affordability • Some may still be on parental insurance
• Although the ACA offers options, millennials have low health insurance literacy (Wong et al, 2015)
Millennial characteristics - Health literacy
• Historically, health education provided in high school • Curriculum cuts eliminated health education for many • Researchers found strange contradiction. HS seniors had
low health content knowledge but higher application knowledge (Lloyd et al., 2013)
• Where is it coming from? Internet, social media, advertisers?
• Seems to be a GAP for accurate, accessible health education
Putting research-based information together to reach Millennials
• Millennials are brand-sensitive • “Digital natives” who seek information from multiple
sources• online research, consumer review sites, social media networks,
& word-of-mouth referrals.
• Respond best to messages close to the care decision, such as online advertising and targeted location messages
• Prefer instant access communication
Teaching & Learning
Principles of Adult Learning Theory
• Adults need to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction.
• Experience (including mistakes) provides the basis for the learning activities.
• Adults are most interested in learning information with immediate relevance to job or personal life.
• Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented.
(Knowles, 1990 as cited by Billings & Halstead, 2012)
Learning styles & preferences
• Setting/Learning environment
• Format (Technology)
• Social connections
Setting / Learning Environment• Millennials tend to prefer informal settings with norm of
equality. • Should be comfortable & aesthetically pleasing• Consider café-style, rather than classroom or round table• Plan for music and multimedia usage in your setting • Create learning environment that is both physical and
virtual.
(Bracy, Bevill & Roach, 2010; Roberts, Newman & Schwartzstein, 2012; Roehling et al., 2011)
Is the learning environment welcoming?
• Millennials are the most diverse generation, but also have subgroups. Who is your population & do they feel welcome? Consider:• Age ranges• Unmarried partners / co-parents • LGBT parents• Racial and ethnic groups• Religious traditions and sects• Primary languages other than English
• Are friends, parents, and other extended family welcome? How do you engage them?
Format (Technology)
• ASK adults about preferences and practices • Paper handouts are passé among most Millennials. • Print books may or may not be used.
• Learn how to use current technologies and media• Content may be the same, but how you organize,
present and share it will change. • Vary the type of technology used, with other activities.
• Recognize that Millennials are sophisticated users, and will have high standards and expectations for technology usage.
What is your technology value-add?
• Emphasize opportunities for additional help and support• Post available resources on an easily-accessible electronic
site.• Set clear expectations and boundaries for communication. • Millennials have little patience with delays or resources that
are difficult to obtain. They may expect you to be available 24/7 by email or text.
• Millennials need guidance and focus to identify information sources that are reliable and accurate. • Keep in mind: Google is the most used electronic resource
(Nichols, 2008 ; Roberts, Newman & Schwartsztein, 2012)
Social Connections• Social networks are critical to this
generation.• Encourage adults to collaborate
and connect with you and each other.
• Remember that peers, partners, parents, strangers & celebrities influence decisions.
How can you “link in”?
But I’m from a different generation…• Seek to understand Millennials without judgement.• Be open. Avoid assumptions about motivation, resources,
values, preferences, etc. • Avoid references to the past that may have little relevance
to current learners.• Millennials respect older generations, as long as they
perceive mutual respect. • DO share your life experiences, your philosophy, and your
passion. It will enhance your impact.
(Bracy, Bevill & Roach, 2010; Roberts, Newman & Schwartsztein, 2012; Roehling et al., 2011)
Summary• Our purpose today was to help you identify key characteristics of the Millennial generation and develop strategies to engage and connect with Millennial adults.
• Our objectives were enable you to:• Explain the concept of generational differences• Compare your personal generation and characteristics
to the Millennial generation• Describe common learning styles and preferences of
young Millennial adults• Identify at least 3 potential strategies to adapt teaching
and learning activities
Taking it home.
What are 3 things you can do to adapt your own practice?
Suggested Resources
• PEW RESEARCH CENTER – Generations and Age Research at http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/topics/generations-and-age/
• Take the quiz! How Millennial Are You? http://www.pewresearch.org/quiz/how-millennial-are-you/
References• ADP Research Institute (2015). 2015 ADP Annual Health Benefits Report. Retrieved from http://
www.adp.com/tools-and-resources/adp-research-institute/research-and-trends/research-item-detail.aspx?id=59BB90A0-2A8A-4BE8-BBEB-1D750E5CB008
• Billings, D.M. & Halstead, J.A. (2012). Teaching in Nursing: A Guide for Faculty (4th Ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders
• Boston Consulting Group (2015). How Millennials are changing the face of marketing forever. Retrieved from https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/articles/marketing_center_consumer_customer_insight_how_millennials_changing_marketing_forever/?chapter=3
• Bracy, C., Bevill, S., & Roach, T. D. (2010). The Millenial generation: Recommendations for overcoming teaching challenges. Allied Academies International Conference: Proceedings Of The Academy Of Educational Leadership (AEL), 15(2), 21-25.
• Campinha-Bacote, J. (2007). The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services: The Journey Continues. Self-published.
• Centers for Disease Control (CDC), (2015). Births: Final Data for 2013. National Vital Statistics Reports , 64( 1). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf
• Lloyd, T. Shaffer, M.L., Stetter, C., Widome, M.D., Repke, J., Weitekamp, M.R., Eslinger, P. J., Bargainnier, S. S. & Paul, I. M. (2013). Health knowledge among the millennial generation. Journal of Public Health Research, 2(1): 38–41. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2013.e8
• Mr Youth and RepNation Media (2009). Millenial moms 101: Why millenial moms are supplanting college students as the most connected and technology dependent population. New York, NY: RepNation. Retrieved from http://www.mryouth.com/archives/millennialmom101.pdf
• Nicholas, A. J. (2008). Preferred learning methods of the millennial generation. International Journal of Learning, 15(6), 27-34.
References, continued. • Pew Research Center (2010) Millennials: A portrait of Generation Next. Washington, DC:
Author. Retrieved from http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/millennials-confident-connected-open-to-change.pdf
• Pew Research Center. (2011) The Generation Gap and the 2012 Election. Washington, DC: Author.
• Pew Research Center (2015). Comparing Millennials to other generations. Retrieved from http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2015/03/19/comparing-millennials-to-other-generations/
• Pew Research Center (2015) Mobile Messaging and Social Media 2015. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/files/2015/08/Social-Media-Update-2015-FINAL2.pdf
• Ray, J.A. (2013). Today’s young families: Successful strategies for engaging millennial parents. Childhood Education,89(5) 332-334.
• Roberts, D. H., Newman, L. R., & Schwartzstein, R. M. (2012). Twelve tips for facilitating millennials' learning. Medical Teacher, 34(4), 274-278. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2011.613498
• Roehling, P. V., Vander Kooi, T. L., Dykema, S., Quisenberry, B., & Vandlen, C. (2011). Engaging the millennial generation in class discussions. College Teaching, 59(1), 1-6.
• Strauss, W. & Howe, N. (1991). Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069. New York: William Morrow and Company.
• Wong, C.A., Asch, D.A., Vioya, C.M., Ford, C.A., Baker, T., Town, R., Merchant, R.M. (2015). Seeing health insurance and HealthCare.gov through the eyes of young adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 57(2), 137–143.