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Presentation from the 2013 World Water Week in Stockholm

United Nations World Water Development Report 2014

Water and EnergyTeaser Presentation

Stockholm

September 2013

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 1

Similarities, differences and divergences

Sustainable development Economic perspective Climate change Gender and equity

Water: Demands, energy requirements and availability

External pressures Current and projected water demand Energy requirements for provision of

water services Water availability

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 2

Highlight: Resent evidence of increasing groundwater stress

Figure 2.3 Water stress of aquifers important for farming (Nature 488, 197–200)

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 2

Energy’s thirst for water:

Global energy demand (present and future)

Primary energy (fossil fuels and biofuels) Current and projected water demand

Electrical power generation (thermal, nuclear, hydro, solar & wind, geothermal)

Water implications of energy policy

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 3

Highlight: Demand for all types of primary fuels will increase over the next 20 years

Figure 3.2 World primary energy demand by fuel in the New Policies Scenario. Source: IEA (2012).

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 3

Reality check: Water demand for energy depends not only on the type of fuel, but very much on the

extraction process

Figure 3.1 Water withdrawals and consumption vary for fuel production. Source: IEA (2012)

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 3

Reality check: 80% of the world’s electricity is provided by thermal power

Figure 3.5 World electricity generation by source of energy in 2010

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 3

Reality check: By 2030, thermal power generation will continue to dominate the energy mix

Figure 3.9 Water use for electricity generation by cooling technology. Source: IEA (2012)

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 3

Part 1: Status, Trends and Challenges Chapter 4The contents of the Data and Indicators Annex (DIA) of the WWDR‐2014

1. Population growth and urbanization 16. Water use for energy production

2. Total actual renewable water resources 17. World primary energy demand: trends and projections by WEO (Mtoe)

3. Water withdrawal per sector 18. Trends in ISO 140001 certification

4. Water withdrawal per inhabitant 19. ISO 50001 certification

5. Annual average water scarcity in major river basins (1996–2005)

20. Trends in geothermal electricity output

6. Access to improved drinking water 21. Total dam capacity (km3)

7. Electricity consumption (2000–2010)  22. Total dam capacity per capita (m3/inhab)

8. Electricity consumption per population 23. Typical estimates of energy requirements for water and wastewater treatment and distribution

9. People without access to electricity 24. Indicative energy use of municipal water and wastewater services

10. Total primary energy supply by source 25. Energy and cost implications of desalination by technology utilized

11. Electricity generation by energy source  26. Trends in desalination power consumption

12. Hydropower production 27. Desalination: global cumulative online capacity 

13. Hydropower: economically feasible versus actually developed 

28. Water footprint of energy generation by fuel and cooling technology

14. Use of dams by purpose 29. Water and energy in national policy

15. Carbon intensity of electricity generation

Part 2: Thematic Focus Chapter 5

Infrastructure (World Bank)

Financing infrastructure for development Opportunities for synergies Combined power and desalination plants Alternative water resources for thermal

power plant cooling Combined heat and power plants Sewerage water energy recovery

Part 2: Thematic Focus Chapter 6

Food and Agriculture (FAO)

The water-energy-food nexus Effects of increasing food demand on

water and energy Energy use in agrifood systems Biofuel impacts on food security and

water Energy smart agriculture

Part 2: Thematic Focus Chapter 7

Cities (UN Habitat)

Global urbanizing trends Urban water and energy demands The water-energy nexus in the urban

context Re-thinking urban development in terms

of water and energy

Part 2: Thematic Focus Chapter 8

Industry (UNIDO)

The relationship between water, energy and industry

The status of water and energy in industry (trends, water quality, low income countries, private enterprise)

Water and energy metrics Externalities Opportunities and trade-offs

Part 2: Thematic Focus Chapter 9

Ecosystems (UNEP)

Ecosystems as the foundation of the water-energy nexus

Dependencies and impacts (hydropower, bioenergy, fossil fuels, thermal power)

An ecosystem approach to the water-energy nexus

Part 3: Regional Focus Chapters 10-14

Europe and North America (UNECE)

Hydropower Conflicts Coping with water scarcity Climate change Unconventional sources of oil and gas

Asia and the Pacific (UNECAP)

Hydropower Coal Biofuels

Part 3: Regional Focus Chapters 10-14

The Arab region (UNESCWA)

Knowledge and awareness raising for policy coherence Technology choice and renewable energy options Climate change and natural disasters

Latin America and the Caribbean (UNECLAC)

Hydropower Energy consumption in the provision of water services

Africa (UNECA)

Energy use Hydropower Access to water and energy services

Part 4: Response options (WWAP) Chapters 15-17

Fostering Synergies and Managing Trade-offs

Creating an enabling environment for change Cultural barriers Economic instruments

Responses in practice Energy-smart and water-efficient agriculture Enhancing the role of industry Industry Ecosystems Power generation

Role of the United Nations and of the international community

Current/emerging issues:

‘Fracking’

Evolution of nuclear

Climate change

United Nations World Water Development Report 2014

Water and EnergyTeaser Presentation

Stockholm

September 2013

Thank you