telescopic handler student manual - · pdf filetest parking brake and ... the load chart shows...

11

Lift Truck Accidents

IntroductionIntroduction

Improper maintenance

7%Ran off loading

dock9%

Elevated employee on

truck15%

Struck by falling load17%

Struck by lift truck22%

Tipover30%

Why Telescopic Handler Operator Safety Training?

1. Training can reduce the risk of accidents and injuries to you and those you work with.

2. Training can also reduce operating cost of your company by avoiding damage to property and product.

3. The Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, OSHA, requires all lifttruck operators to be trained and authorized to operate a lift truck

Each year approximately 100 workers are killed and almost 95,000 are injured in lift truck accidents.

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Introduction ReviewIntroduction Review1. According to OSHA, approximately ________ workers are killed each year

in telescopic handler accidents.

a. 25b. 50c. 75d. 100

2. The major reasons why telescopic handler training are so important are:

a. It’s the law.b. It protects the workers.c. It reduces operating costs.d. All the above.

3. The number one cause of telescopic handler accidents is:

a. Running off the loading dock.b. Tip over.c. Struck by falling load.d. Improper maintenance.

4. Once you are trained you can operate any type of telescopic handler.

a. Trueb. False

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What is a professional telescopic handler operator?

• Is responsible.

• Is on time.

• Is rested, alert, and physically prepared.

• Is knowledgeable about safe operating procedures and company policy.

• Never stops learning about his profession.

• Is a skilled operator and never stops trying to improve upon those skills.

• Keeps the machine under control at all times.

• Wears protective clothing where applicable.

This means they are not under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or medication, which could inhibit their ability to operate the telescopic handler safely. Operators also need to be properly dressed for the weather to avoid fatigue and stress on the body. Long hours of operation can dull the operator’s senses and therefore breaks are necessary to keep the mind alert.

Being a Professional is a Matter of:

• Attitude

• Team work

Telescopic Handler FundamentalsTelescopic Handler Fundamentals

44

Operators Manual

A well-trained telescopic handler operator is familiar with the design of the telescopic handler he is operating. The vehicle manufacturer’s Operation and Maintenance Manual is very important in becoming familiar with the machine. To know how to inspect, operate, and fuel the vehicle correctly, operators must read and understand the manual. It is required that the Operation and Maintenance Manual be kept on the machine at all times.

Telescopic Handlers vs. Automobiles

Safety Decals


• Telescopic handlers are not to be used to transport people. Only the operator is to be aboard the vehicle when in motion.• A typical telescopic handler will weigh in excess of 8,000 lbs. where most automobiles weigh much less than this.• Like automobiles, telescopic handler operators must be properly trained and have passed a proficiency examination prior to operating the vehicle without supervision.• Telescopic handlers operate on a variety of surfaces. Most automobiles are designed to operate on relatively smooth surfaces.• Telescopic handlers typically do not have as efficient braking as an automobile.• Telescopic handlers use many types of steering.

Safety Decals Must BeLegible And Kept Intact

As Provided By The Manufacturer. Illegible

Labels Need To Be Replaced.

Safety Decals Must BeLegible And Kept Intact

As Provided By The Manufacturer. Illegible

Labels Need To Be Replaced.

Signal Words

55

Other telescopic handler characteristics and options:

• Sway control• Stabilizers• Truss (jib) boom• Bucket• Rotating forks

• Crab steering• Four wheel steering• Enclosed cab• Joy stick• Safety overload warning


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Telescopic Handler Fundamentals ReviewTelescopic Handler Fundamentals Review1. Which is not a characteristic of a professional telescopic handler operator?

a. Capable of doing any job without help from others.b. Responsible.c. Keeps the machine under control at all times.d. Never stops learning about his profession.

2. All telescopic handlers are required to have all warning labels visible and legible.

a. Trueb. False

3. The Operation and Maintenance Manual is to be on the machine at all times.

a. Trueb. False

4. The major differences between automobiles and telescopic handlers are:

a. Telescopic handlers typically weigh more.b. Telescopic handlers use multiple steering modes.c. Telescopic handlers do not carry passengers.d. All the above.

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Every telescopic handler part must always be in safe working order. OSHA requires vehicle inspection before each day’s use and before each shift for machines used around the clock. Thorough inspections are essential to telescopic handler safety. Never use a telescopic handler that has any damage or operating problem. It must be reported and removed from service. About 6% of all telescopic handler accidents are a result of improperly maintained telescopic handlers.

Pre-Operation InspectionPre-Operation Inspection

Some companies provide the operator with an inspection booklet that is filled out daily to ensure that pre-inspections are taking place.

Engine CompartmentElectrical EquipmentControl labels and markingsOperators compartmentFuel level

Telescopic handlers that are Inspected Regularly result in:

• Reduced downtime• Increased productivity• Reduced cost• Improved safety• Better care of equipment• Federal OSHA requires it

Telescopic handler Visual Inspection Checklist:

Overall conditionFrameTiresForksOverhead Guard

88

• Loose fasteners should be removed, cleaned and re-torque to specifications.

• Replace it if uncertain of its condition.

• Any unauthorized welding can cause structural failure.

• Do not weld or cut on any structural member.

Note: Escaping hydraulic fluid under pressure can penetrate the skin and cause serious injury.

• Use a piece of cardboard or paper.• Do not use your hands.


99

Completion of Inspection

• Report All Defects To Appropriate Individuals

• Never Operate A Telescopic Handler In Need Of Repair

• Only Authorized & Trained Personnel Make Repairs

Telescopic Handler Operational Inspection Checklist:


• With the boom extended, check for dents, bends, or other distortions. As a rule of thumb, dents over 1/8” deep need to be investigated. Check with the manufacturer.

• Holes that are drilled in the forks or cut out with a torch, weaken them.

All warning devices, including horn, must be operational.Gauges should be checked for normal operation.Boom should be fully extended and retracted to ensure it operates smoothly.Verify all steering modes work properly.Test parking brake and service brakes.Test sway controls.Seat belts, if provided, need to be functioning properly

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Pre-Operation Inspection ReviewPre-Operation Inspection Review1. Federal OSHA requires the telescopic handler to be inspected:

a. Once a week.b. At the start of the day or each shift.c. Once a month.d. Once a quarter.

2. Pre-operation inspection can:

a. Improve safety.b. Reduce down time.c. Reduce cost.d. All the above.

3. When defects are noted during the pre-operation inspection, it is ok to use the machine until another machine becomes available.

a. Trueb. False

4. It is not necessary for the operator to authorized to make repairs as long as he has access to the proper tools.

a. Trueb. False

5. What is the best way to check for hydraulic fluid leaks?

a. Use your hand.b. Use a piece of cardboard.c. Use a gloved hand.d. Look real close.

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Center of Gravity

A point in the load around which all weight is evenly distributed

Telescopic Handler Stability & CapacityTelescopic Handler Stability & Capacity

Telescopic Handler Capacity

Most telescopic handlers rate the capacity of the vehicle based on a load center measured 24” from the the backrest and 24” up from the forks.

When the loads center of gravity is outside this range, the capacity of the machine decreases.

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• Anytime the center of gravity moves over or beyond the front axle there could be a tip over.

Telescopic Handler Stability & CapacityTelescopic Handler Stability & CapacityTelescopic Handler Stability

Changing Stability

1313

Telescopic Handler Stability & CapacityTelescopic Handler Stability & Capacity

Changing Stability

Changing Stability

1414

LIFT CAPACITY CHART

Boom ExtensionReference Points

Forward Reach, ft.

Fe

et

Load Zones

Boom A

ngle

Refere

nce

The load chart shows the operating limits of a properly maintained and operated machine.To use the load chart, the operator must know the weight of the load and how far ‘out’ and‘up’ it is to be placed.

If the load is heavier than stated on the load chart, 3 options can be used:

1. Move the machine closer to theload.

2. Break the load down into smallerloads.

3. Use a larger machine that can handle the load.

Load Capacity ChartLoad Capacity Chart

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LIFT CAPACITY CHART

Lift CapacityStabilizers Down

Lift CapacityStabilizers Up

3000 LBS 2000 LBS

Load Capacity ChartLoad Capacity Chart

• Some telescopic handlers have stabilizers. This will increase the lift capacity by widening and extending out the balancing point.

• The operator needs to make sure he is referencing the correct load chart when making a lift.

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Attachments to the Telescopic HandlerAttachments to the Telescopic Handler

Dynamic and Static Conditions

The telescopic handler’s balance is affected by both static and dynamic conditions. Static conditions are those which affect the telescopic handler when it is not moving. Dynamic conditions are created when the telescopic handler is moving.

Static conditions include:

• Load size• Load shape• Position of load on forks• Lift height• Amount of tilt• Tire pressure

Dynamic conditions include:

• Acceleration• Speed• Braking• Ramps and slopes• Raising load• Lowering load

The capacity of the telescopic handler is affected any time an attachment is added to the machine. The attachment will:

• Add weight to the front of the machine causing it to be partially loaded.

• The additional weight may extend the load center.

If you want to add an attachment to the telescopic handler after you receive it from the manufacturer, you must:

• Have written approval from the manufacturer.

• Have a new capacity plate installed on the telescopic handler indicating the new capacity when using that attachment. The plate is only available through the manufacturer.

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• The length of the boom makes it an effective lever arm.

• The further out the boom is extended, the easier it is to tip over.

• Therefore, never move the machine with the boom above travel height.

Dynamic and Static ConditionsDynamic and Static Conditions

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• Never turn a telescopic handler with the forks n the air.• Avoid turning on a slope.

Dynamic and Static ConditionsDynamic and Static Conditions

• Lateral stability is the stability of the machine from side to side.• When the load is carried low to the ground, the combined CG will be on the center line.• This is the most stable position for traveling.

Lateral Stability

• When the load is raised on level ground and no wind is present, the combined CG will remain on the machine’s center line.• This is only true when the machine is level.

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Dynamic and Static ConditionsDynamic and Static ConditionsLateral Stability

• When the load is raised, the combined CG moves upward. Because the machine is on a slope, the CG moves toward the direction of the pivot point wheels more rapidly and can result in a tip over.• Thus, an elevated load on a slope is more likely to cause a tip over than a load in the lowered position.

• Note how the combined CG moves toward the down slope wheels which now become the pivot point• If the slope were steep enough, the combined CG would move past the wheels resulting in a tip over.

• Leveling the machine with the sway control will move the combined CG back toward the center line.• The machines lateral stability is restored.• Never attempt to level the machine with the boom raised.

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At no time should any load be suspended from the forks by use of chains, ropes, straps etc. If a load must be suspended the use of a Truss (Jib) boom is mandatory. Proper rigging procedures should always be followed.

Dynamic and Static ConditionsDynamic and Static ConditionsLifting Suspended Loads

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SOIL BEARING STRENGTH & STABILITY

S o il T y p e lb s /s q . in . C o n d it io n s

S o u n d R o c k 8 3 3M e d iu m R o c k 5 5 5In t e rm . R o c k 2 7 7P o ro u s R o c k 2 8 - 1 1 1H a rd P a n 1 6 6 W e l l C e m e n t e dH a rd P a n 1 1 1 P o o r ly C e m e n t e dG ra ve l S o i l s 1 3 9 C o m p a c t , W e l l G ra d e dG ra ve l S o i l s 1 1 1 C o m p a c t w / m o re t h a n 1 0 % g ra ve lG ra ve l S o i l s 8 3 L o o s e , P o o r l y G ra d e dG ra ve l S o i l s 5 5 L o o s e , M o s t l y S a n dS a n d S o i l s 4 2 - 8 3 D e n s eF in e S a n d 2 8 - 5 5 D e n s eC la y S o i l 6 9 H a rdC la y S o i l 2 8 M e d iu m S t i ffS i l t S o i l 4 2 D e n s eS i l t S o i l 2 1 M e d iu m D e n s eC o m p a c t e d F i l l 2 8 - 5 5 B y T e s t O n ly

Many telescopic handler accidents occur as the load is being lifted and boomed out, the ground gives way to the weight of the load and the telescopic handler tips over.

Dynamic and Static ConditionsDynamic and Static ConditionsSoil Bearing Strength & Stability

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Telescopic Handler Stability and Capacity ReviewTelescopic Handler Stability and Capacity Review1. The stability of a telescopic handler is based on what principal?

a. Gravityb. Stabilityc. Balanced. Momentum

2. The balancing point of a telescopic handler is:

a. The counterbalanceb. The rear wheelsc. The front wheelsd. The boom or mast

3. What may happen when the combined center of gravity moves over the frontwheels of the telescopic handler?

a. Potential for a tip overb. Loss of steeringc. Loss of tractiond. All the above

4. A legible lift capacity chart is always to be mounted on the machine.

a. Trueb. False

5. An attachment to the telescopic handler can be installed at any time without writtenapproval from the manufacturer

a. Trueb. False

6. The later stability of the telescopic handler is better on a level surface.

a. Trueb. False

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7. The center of gravity is always at the physical center of the load.

a. Trueb. False

8. The point in an object around which all the weight is evenlydistributed is:

a. The weight of the loadb. The center of gravityc. The balancing pointd. The fulcrum point

9. When a load is lifted, the center of gravity of the telescopic handler doesnot change position.

a. Trueb. False

10. When the stabilizers are down, they become the balancing pointof the telescopic handler.

a. Trueb. False

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Operator Qualifications

• Only trained and authorized operators shall be permitted to operate a telescopic handler.• Operators of telescopic handlers shall be qualified as to visual, auditory, physical, and mental ability.

• The user shall ensure that operators understand that safe operation is the operatorsresponsibility.

• An effective operator training program should center around user’s company policy, operating conditions, telescopic handlers.

• The training should be presented completely to all new operators and not be condensed for those claiming previous experience.

Operator Training

Safe Operating Guidelines

• Safe operation is the responsibility of the operator.• The operator shall develop safe working habits.• He shall be familiar with all controls and instruments.• He shall be familiar with the Operators Manual.

• Many telescopic handler operators suffer minor injuries climbing on and off a telescopic handler.• Make sure hands and feet are free of grease and oil.• Squarely face the vehicle and use the three-point method:

- two hands and a foot for mounting.- one hand and two feet for dismounting.

• Avoid grabbing the steering wheel.• Never jump on or off a moving machine.

Climbing On and Off a Telescopic Handler

Safe Operating GuidelinesSafe Operating Guidelines

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General Safety Guidelines

• Before beginning to operate telescopic handler:a) fasten seat belt, if so equipped;b) place directional controls in neutral;c) disengage clutch on manual transmission, or apply brake on power shift or automatic;d) start engine.

• Do not start or operate telescopic handler, any of its functions,or attachments from any place other than the designated operators position.

• Keep hands and feet inside the compartment.

• Never put any part of the body into the mast structure or within the reach mechanism orother attachments.

• Check clearance under electrical wires, bridges, etc.

• Understand limitations of telescopic handler so as not to cause injury to personnel.

• Do not drive telescopic handler up to anyone standing in front of an object.

• Exercise care at cross-aisles, doorways, and other locations where pedestrians may step intothe path of travel.

• Do not allow anyone to stand or pass under the elevated portion of the telescopic handler, whether empty or not.

• Do not permit passengers to ride on the telescopic handler unless a safe place has been provided by the manufacturer.

• Maintain a safe distance from the edge of ramps, plat-forms, and other similar workingsurfaces.

• Do not block access to fire aisles, stairways, and fire equipment.


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When traveling on public roads or changing job sites:

• If telescopic handler is equipped with individual wheel brake pedals, lock pedals together for simultaneous operation.• If telescopic handler has a differential lock, the lock should not be engaged when driving on the road or at high speeds or when turning. There could be loss of steering control.• Observe all traffic regulations• Keep to the right• Maintain safe distance from other vehicles• Keep truck under control at all times• Yield right of way to pedestrians• Yield right of way to emergency vehicles• Cross railroad tracks at an angle if possible• Keep a clear view of path of travel• If the load obstructs your view, travel in reverse or use a spotter• Travel at a speed that will permit it to be stopped in a safe manner.• Travel with the forks or load tilted back if possible• Do not elevate the load except when stacking• Make starts, stops, turns, or directional reverses in a smooth manner so as not to shift load

or overturn the truck.• Slow down on wet or slippery surfaces• Do not indulge in stunt driving or horseplay• Avoid running over loose objects on the ground• Lateral turnover is greater when forks are empty

Safe Operating GuidelinesSafe Operating GuidelinesAttended vs Unattended Parking

• A telescopic handler is attended when the operator is less than 25 ft from the truck which remains in his view.• A telescopic handler is unattended when the operator is 25 ft or more from the truck, or is out of view of the truck.

Before leaving the operators position:• put telescopic handler in neutral;• apply parking brake;• fully lower the forks.In addition, when leaving the telescopic handler unattended:• stop engine;• if on an incline, block wheels.

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• Use stabilizer controls only in compliance with the manufacturer’s instructions.• For telescopic handlers that are equipped with lateral leveling:

- Always level the frame before raising boom.- Lateral leveling should never be used to positionan elevated load.

-Never attempt to level the machine with the boom up.

Stabilizers

• Handle only stable or safely arranged loads.• When using attachments, make sure they are properly used and secured.• Complete engage load with forks at least 2/3 under the load.• Use extreme care when tilting the load forward

Handling Loads

Safe Operating GuidelinesSafe Operating GuidelinesWhen negotiating turns:

• Know which steering mode you are in• Before changing modes, align back wheels• Reduce speed to a safe level• Turn steering wheel in a smooth, sweeping motion• Never turn while the load is elevated• Except at very slow speeds, turn steering wheel at a moderate, even rate

Ascending or descending grades:

• On grades of 5% or more, load should be upgrade• Empty forks should be downgrade• On all grades, the load should be tilted back and raised only enough to clear the road

surface• Avoid turning, if possible, normally travel straight up and down

2828

• Provide an ASME approved personnel platform that is securely attached to thelifting carriage or forks.

• Be certain that the platform is horizontal and never tilt forward or rearward when elevated.

• Area should be marked to warn of elevated personnel.

• Provide protection for personnel, including: restraining means, overhead guard,and shielding from moving parts.

• Be certain that the lifting mechanism is operating smoothly though its entire range.

• Be certain that the mast or boom travel is vertical.

• Be certain that the truck has a firm footing.

• Place truck control(s) in neutral and set brake.

• Make sure path of platform is clear of wires, racks, etc.

• Keep hands and feet clear of controls other than those in use.

• Lift and lower personnel smoothly, with caution, and only at their request.

• Always lower the platform if you must move the telescopic handler for repositioning. Alert personnel before moving.

• The combined weight of the platform, load, and personnel shall not exceedone-third of the capacity.

• Platform shall be lowered to floor level for entering and exiting.


A telescopic handler should not be used to lift people unless there is no other practical option and the manufacturer approves it.

If it must be used to elevate people, the following pre-cautions for the protection of personnel shall be taken:

Elevating Personnel

2929

50kV 10 ft50 to 200kV 15 ft200 to 350kV 20 ft

Required ClearancesPOWERLINE CONTACT

GROUND IS ENERGIZED

OUT FROM THECRANE

HIGH

LOW

VOLTAGE PATH

ELECTROCUTION IS THE #1 CAUSE OF DEATHINVOLVING CRANES. If contact is made….

1. The operator should remain with the crane if possible until the utility company indicates it is safe.

2. No one should be allowed to approach the machine or touch it. If the operator is unconscious, no attempt should be made to rescue him until it is safe.

3. If the operator must leave the machine due to fire, he should stand up carefully without touching anything and carefully jump to the ground landing on both feet.Once on the ground, he should shuffle away from themachine.


3030

• Refuel when the engine is cool.

• In a designated area.

• Fire extinguisher available.

• Park in unattended mode.

• Do not ‘top off’ the tank.

• No smoking, flames, sparks.

• Clean up spills

Refueling the Telescopic HandlerRefueling the Telescopic Handler

NOTES

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

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1. When you are more than 25 feet from your machine you should turnthe ignition off.

a. Trueb. False

2. When operating the telescopic handler, it is:

a. The pedestrian’s responsibility to watch out for you.b. Your responsibility to watch the pedestrian.c. The horns responsibility to warn them.d. Managements responsibility to keep the pedestrians out of the

work area.

3. If a load obstructs your vision, you should travel in reverse oruse a spotter to direct you.

a. Trueb. False

4. Railroad tracks, curbs or other such surfaces should be crosseddiagonally if possible.

a. Trueb. False

5. When lifting personnel, only OSHA/ANSI approved platforms shouldbe used.

a. Trueb. False

6. When elevating personnel, the combined weight of the platform, personnel, and material shall not exceed:

a. 1/2 the rated lift capacityb. 1/4 the rated lift capacityc. 1/3 the rated lift capacityd. 2/3 the rated lift capacity

Safe Operating Guidelines ReviewSafe Operating Guidelines Review

3232

7. As the boom is extended, the pressure on the soil under the front wheels:

a. Increasesb. Decreases

8. When lift a suspended load with a crane arm attachment:

a. The crane arm needs to meet OSHA requirements.b. A load chart for using the attachment needs to be provided by

the manufacturer.c. Loads must not swing into or strike the boom.d. All the above.

9. Stopping suddenly with the load elevated has no effect on stability.

a. Trueb. False

10 Before traveling with a load you should:

a. Lower the load as far as possible.b. Retract the boom.c. Check wheels for alignment.d. All the above.

11. When the boom is extended with a load on the forks, the telescopic handler becomes:

a. Increasingly stableb. Increasingly unstable

12. When the stabilizers are used during a lift, the operator needs to do whatbefore raising them?

a. Check his rear view mirror.b. Retract the boom.c. Disengage the parking braked. All the above.

13. If your boom comes in contact with a power line, you should:

a. Immediately move the boom away from the lines.b. Get out of the machine as fast as possible.c. Stay in your seat and avoid contact with metal objects and yell

for others to stay back until power company can turn off electricity.d. Wet your pants.

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Calculating Load WeightCalculating Load WeightImportance of Load Weights

The weight of the load to be lifted must be known to prevent overloading of theboom truck. Without the weight the load chart cannot be referred to and guessing the weight can be dangerous.

You must know the weight of the load to prevent tipovers!

If you must estimate, never boom out to a point where the estimated weight wouldexceed 50% of the capacity of that load zone. In other words, make the best estimate you can and then multiply it by 2 to determine the safest load zone you can operate in.

Acceptable methods of determining weight

You may find the weight from:

Data on manufacturing label plates.

Manufacturer documentation.

Blueprints or drawings.

Shipping receipts.

Weigh the item.

Bill of lading (be careful)

Stamped or written on the load

Approved calculations

Never use word of mouth to establish the weight of and item!

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To find the weight of any item you need to know its volume and unit weight.

• Volume x Unit weight = Load weight

• Unit weight is the density of the material

Here are some examples of common materials and their unit weight:

WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS BASED ON VOLUME (lbs. per cubic ft.)

343634503053623030282550

524564

10075120105

TIMBERCedarCherryFir, seasonedFir, wetHemlockMapleOakPinePoplarSpruceWhite pineRailroad tiesLIQUIDSDieselGasolineWaterEARTHEarth, wetEarth, drySand and gravel, wetSand and gravel, dry

165535500560480710490460

16011014060155110130144150

80160

METALSAluminumBrassBronzeCopperIronLeadSteelTinMASONARYAshlar masonryBrick, softBrick, pressedClay tileRubble masonryConcrete, cinder, hayditeConcrete, slagConcrete, stoneConcrete, reinforcedMISC.AsphaltGlass

MATERIALUNITWEIGHT MATERIAL

UNITWEIGHT

Calculating Load WeightCalculating Load Weight

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Calculating Volume

Volume of a Cube

Length x Width x Height = Volume

4 ft wide

8 ft long

2 ft high

8 ft x 4 ft x 2 ft = 64 cubic feet

If the material was cedar, then all we need to do to determine it’s weight would be to multiply the unit weight of cedar x 64.

Unit weight x Volume = Weight

34 lbs per cubic foot X 64 cubic ft. = 2,176 lbs.

Volume of a Cylinder

Pi (π) x Radius Squared x Length = Volume

π = 3.14

10 ft long

2 ft diameter

3.14 x 1² ft x 10 ft = 31.4 cubic ft

If the material was reinforced concrete, then all we need to do to determine it’s weight would be to multiply the unit weight of reinforced concrete x 31.4.

150 lbs per cubic foot x 31.4 cubic ft. = 4,710 lbs.


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Volume of Pipe

Calculating the volume of pipe is a bit trickier but it is just simply subtracting the volume of the hole from the volume of the pipe.

1 in. thick

3 ft diameter

8 ft longIf the pipe were one inch thick, three feet in diameter and 8 feet long, then we would figure the volume of the entire pipe and subtract the volume of the hole to get the the volume of the material.

3.14 x (1 ½ ft.)² x 8 feet = total volume of pipe (56.52 ft³)

3.14 x (1ft 5 in.)² x 8 feet = volume of hole (50.41 ft³)

56.52 ft³ – 50.41 ft³ = 6.11 ft³

Volume of material x unit weight = total weight

If this pipe were steel then the unit weight would be 490 lbs.

6.11 x 490 lbs = 2,994 lbs.

For thin pipe a quick way to *ESTIMATE the volume is to split the pipe open and calculate the volume like a cube. The formula would be:

π x diameter = width, so:

π x diameter x length x thickness x unit weight = weight of object

3.14 x 3 ft x 8 ft x 1/12 ft (or .008 ft) x 490 lbs = *3,077.2 lbs


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WEIGHT TABLES

Weight tables are an excellent way to calculate load weight.If you are handling certain materials often, then having a chartthat gives you the weight per cubic foot, cubic yard, square foot,linear foot or per gallon is handy. Here are a few examples:

METAL PLATES

1 INCH STEEL PLATE weighs approximately 40 lbs per sq. ft. 1/2 inch steel plate would then be about 20 lbs. per sq. ft.

A steel plate measuring 8 ft. x 10 ft. x 1inch would then weigh about 3,200 lbs. (8 x 10 x 40 lbs = 3,200 lbs.)

BEAMS

Beams come in all kinds of materials and shapes and lengths. STEELI-BEAMS weigh approximately 40 lbs a linear ft. at 1/2 inch thick and8 inches x 8 inches. If it were 1 inch thick then it would be 80 lbs a linear ft. If it were 20 feet long at 1 inch thick then it would weigh about1,600 lbs. (20 ft. x 80 lbs. = 1,600lbs.)

There are weight tables for everything from creosoted pine poles to steel coils. Take advantage of these. But, if you don’t know for sure the weight of a load and there are no other resources available to help you, don’t hesitate to do the calculations yourself.


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USING THE FORMULAS AND WEIGHT TABLES FROM THE PREVIOUS PAGES, CALCULATE THE WEIGHT OF THE FOLLOWING OBJECTS:

1. A load of cedar 4” x 4” x 8’ posts. The stack is 3’ high and 4’ wide.

a. 6,528 lbs.b. 3,264 lbs.c. 1,632 lbs.d. not enough information was given.

2. A concrete pipe 1’ thick, 4’ in diameter and 12’ long.

a. 33,930 lbs.b. 8,482 lbs.c. 16,965lbs.d. 1,696.5 lbs.

3. A steel plate that is 1” thick x 8’ x 12’.

a. 3,840 lbs.b. 6,550 lbs.c. 1,920 lbs.d. none of the above.

4. An 1” thick I-beam that is 8” x 8” x 12 ft long.

a. 9,600 lbs.b. 6,300 lbs.c. 1,820 lbs.d. 960 lbs.

Calculating Load Weight ReviewCalculating Load Weight Review

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Using the above load chart for the following questions:

5. If a 3,000 lb. load needed to be placed on the roof of a building, what is the maximum height it could be placed?

a. 24 ft.b. 30 ft.c. 32 ft.d. 36 ft.

Load Chart Exercise

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42. A 4,000 lb. load needs to be placed on a platform 8 feet high and 16 ft. from the machines front wheels. Can the load be placed within the capacity of the telescopic handler?

a. Yesb. No

43. Using the above problem, how far away can the telescopic handler be from the placement area?

a. 8 ftb. 10 ftc. 12 ftd. 14 ft

44. A telescopic handler has a 5,000 lb. Load with the boom fully extended and elevated all the way up. How far down can the boom be lowered safely?

a. 60 degreesb. 55 degreesc. 50 degreesd. 45 degrees

Student ManualStudent Manual

Telescopic HandlerOperator

Safety Training

Telescopic HandlerOperator

Safety Training

telescopic handler student manual - · pdf filetest parking brake and ... the load chart shows...

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