The Big Practice Testpart 1

Early America thru Founding

Chuck Norris says

“Kick the SOL in

the rear”

Part I Early European Exploration and

Colonization

The phrase, "gold, God, and glory" best describes the motivations of which of the following groups during the Age of Discovery?

a) Pilgrimsb) Puritansc) conquistadorsd) Native Americans

Shortly after the initial contact with Europeans, American Indian (First American) populations began to decrease rapidly because of —

a) warfareb) faminec) diseased) genocide

Which letter on the map shows the first permanent British settlement in North America?

Which country did not have large-immigration to new areas in the New World and developed friendly relations with the native people?

a) Franceb) Portugalc) Spaind) England

One reason for conflict between the American Indians and the Europeans was

a) the struggle over money.b) the desire for American Indian corn.c) the struggle over the concept of land.d) disagreement over sailing ships.

Which statement BEST describes this American Indian view of interaction with English settlers?

a) The settlers improved the land by clearing trees and planting crops.

b) The American Indians were willing to share the land.

c) The American Indians worried about food sources for the future.

d) The settlers used land not needed by the Indians.

“Our fathers had plenty of deer and skins, our plains were full of deer, as also our woods, and of turkeys, and our coves full of fish and fowl. But, these Englishmen having gotten our land, they with scythes cut down the grass…and their hogs spoil our clam banks.” – Miatonomo, 1642

A pattern of colonial commerce in which slaves were bought on the African Gold Coast with New England rum and then traded in the West Indies for sugar or molasses, which was brought back to New England to be manufactured into rum.

a) Triangular Trade b) Middle Passage c) Rum and Slave Trade d) Triangular Passage

The first successful colony in the New World was

a) Roanokeb) Richmondc) Raleighd) Jamestown

Which date on this timeline represents the beginning of a permanent British presence in North America?

a) 1565b) 1587c) 1607d) 1620

The first English colonies in North America were set up in the hope of achieving

a) financial gain for investors. b) religious freedom for settlers.c) political freedom for settlers. d) military supremacy for England.

According to the excerpt above, settlers to Virginia in the early 17th century, in contrast to New England settlers, were motivated mainly by ______. a) a desire to gain profit b) a desire to live free or die c) a desire to set an example for the entire world

to follow d) a desire to promote religious freedom

Most individuals settling in Virginia were

a) relocated prisoners.b) nobility seeking adventure.c) seeking economic opportunities.d) Christian missionaries.

To encourage settlers to come to Jamestown, the headright system offered them

a) land. b) profit-sharing.c) employment. d) passage to Virginia.

As more and more settlers arrived in Jamestown, relations between the settlers and the Powhatan peoples

a) worsened. b) improved slightly.c) stayed about the same. d) improved dramatically.

Which of the following turned Jamestown into a profitable enterprise?

a) gold b) timberc) corn d) tobacco

In the early years of the Virginia colony, a field laborer was most likely to be

a) a slave. b) a landholder.c) a Powhatan. d) an indentured servant or a former

indentured servant.

The first slaves introduced to the American colonies arrived in which state in 1619?

a) Georgiab) Kentuckyc) Virginiad) South Carolina

What was the economy of the Southern Colonies based upon?

a) lumberingb) cash cropsc) fur tradingd) shipbuilding

Which of the following occurred as a result of Virginia’s being made a royal colony?a) Colonists had to pay taxes to the king.b) It came under the direct control of the king.c) Joint-stock companies became willing to invest

in the colony.d) The king received one-fifth of the gold and silver

found there.

What was the House of Burgesses?

a) the U.S. House of Representatives theb) Virginia colonial assemblyc) a Virginia family's homed) the hereditary line of England's kings

Which colony was established as a place for Catholics but welcomed all faiths? a) Georgiab) New Hampshirec) Connecticutd) Maryland

Economic and Political Life in the Colonies; Slavery

Part II

Which group settled New England?

a) Puritansb) Cavaliersc) Dutchd) Germans

Which early colony does this quote describe?

a) Jamestownb) Plymouthc) Rhode Islandd) Pennsylvania

“We…do…combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation…[and to] frame such just and equal laws…as shall be thought most [fitting] and convenient for the general good of the colony, unto which we promise all due…obedience.”

– Mayflower Compact

Which term best describes the chart above?

a) Mercantilismb) Navigation Actsc) Salutary Neglect

Early European exploration and colonization resulted in

a) cooperation between European powers for trade with the colonies.

b) redistribution of the world’s population.

c) cooperation between France and England.

d) England’s intent to transfer power to the colonies.

In contrast to early settlers in Virginia and many other parts of North America who came seeking financial gain, the earliest settlers of Massachusetts came from Britain seeking

a) profitable tradeb) religious purityc) land to farmd) cleaner air

Given the religious views expressed above, John Winthrop is most clearly a ______.

a) Puritan b) Anglican c) Separatist d) Catholic

Which colony was established by dissenters fleeing persecution from the Puritans?

a) Rhode Islandb) Pennsylvaniac) Marylandd) Connecticut

Anne Hutchinson was banished fromMassachusetts because she taught that —

a) colonists should remain loyal to the English king.b) individuals could interpret the Bible for themselves.c) the colonists should not trade with local Native

Americans.d) the Puritans should break away from the English

church.

The New England economy was heavily dependent on

a) slave laborb) the production of many staple cropsc) fishing, shipbuilding, and commerced) all of the above

Famous 1692 trials that focused on a witchcraft conspiracy?

a) Salem Conspiracy Trialb) Massachusetts Mojoc) Salem Witch Trialsd) Trial of Sarah Goodey

The colony founded on principles of social equality and religious tolerance was

a) New Yorkb) Plymouthc) Massachusetts Bayd) Pennsylvania

In which colony did the Quakers settle?

a) Pennsylvaniab) Virginiac) North Carolinad) Maryland

Which colonies were part of the middle colonies?

a) New Jersey, Delaware, Connecticutb) New York,  New Jersey, Virginiac) Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvaniad) Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware

Which group did NOT usually settle the middle colonies?

a) Dutchb) Jewsc) Puritansd) Quakers

The economy of the middle colonies was based primarily on small-scale farming and

a) trade.b) cash crops.c) mining.d) whaling.

Which region of the colonies maintained allegiance to the Church of England and had closer social ties with England?

a) Middle coloniesb) Colonies in the foothills of the Appalachiansc) Southern coloniesd) New England colonies

What term describes people who agreed to a limited term of work in exchange for passage to North America as well as food and shelter?

a) indentured servantsb) slaveryc) headright systemd) separatists

What cargo was carried on what is known as the middle passage of  triangular trade?

a) enslaved peopleb) rumc) lumberd) tobacco

Which city did NOT grow as a seaport or commercial center during the colonial period?

a) New York Cityb) Baltimorec) Philadelphiad) Raleigh

The Great Awakening caused some colonists to

a) pay more attention to scientific method.b) abandon their Puritan and Anglican

congregations.c) shift their loyalty from England to America.d) seek spirituality through the use of reason.

The Revolutionary War

The purpose of this statement was to

a) Urge support for the Albany Plan of Unionb) Provide justification for declaring

independencec) Criticize the Articles of Confederationd) Advocate obedience to Great Britain

Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Also known as Tories, these people supported a continued relationship with Britain.

a) Anti-Federalistsb) Libertariansc) Native Americansd) Loyalists

Britain gave America generous terms in the Treaty of Paris 1783 because its leaders

a) had changed from Whig to Tory.b) were trying to convince America to

abandon its alliance with France.c) wanted to help Spain, as well.d) realized they had been beaten badly.

Which European country supported the American colonies during the Revolutionary War?

a) Spainb) Francec) Italyd) Germany

Which of the following countries signed the Treaty of Alliance in 1778, providing America with military support during the Revolutionary War?

a) Franceb) Germanyc) Englandd) Spain

The Battle of Saratoga was a key victory for the Americans because ita) brought the British to offer recognition of colonial

independence.b) brought the colonists much-needed aid and a formal alliance

with France.c) prevented the colonial capital from being captured by the

British.d) prevented the fighting from spreading into the southern

colonies.

The greatest contribution Benjamin Franklin made to the colonial war effort was his work

a) negotiating an alliance with Franceb) printing and distributing copies of Common Sensec) representing the colonies in the British Parliamentd) training colonial citizens to become respectable

soldiers in the Continental Army

During the Revolutionary War, what did the Continental Army lack?

a) motivation to fightb) knowledge of the landc) food and ammunitiond) good military leadership

The British army was defeated at Yorktown in 1781. This was the last battle of the Revolutionary War. Which location on the map indicates where the battle was fought?

a) I b) II c) III d) IV

Which is NOT true about George Washington and/or his involvement as the leader of the Continental Army?

a)He avoided any situation that threatened the destruction of his army.

b)His leadership kept the army together when defeat seemed inevitable.

c) He is a colonial aristocrat from Virginia.d)He did not ask for pay or supplies for his

army.

One major element of George Washington’s military strategy during the American Revolution was avoiding—

a) Direct confrontations b) Night attacksc) Important citiesa) Naval battles

What is the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?

a) Ends the French & Indian Warb) Ends the American Revolutionc) Ends the Civil Ward) Ends the War of 1812

Whose forces are under siege in this map?a) Frenchb) Britishc) American

#10 According to this document, on what day were hostilities in America scheduled to come to an end?

a) January 20th, 1783b) March 20th, 1783c) March 23rd, 1783d) March 25th, 1783

Which of the following was NOT an American victory in the first half of the war?a)Bunker Hillb)Trentonc)Saratogad)Monmouth

In the final years of the war, the battles were fought primarily ina)New England.b)the South.c)the Middle Colonies.d)Canada.

Which of the following statements istrue?

a) The colonial population in 1780 was primarily urban.

b) In 1780 most colonial cities were located near the Atlantic coast.

c) Southern regions in 1780 were generally more crowded than northern regions.

d) The western frontier was densely populated in 1780.

Following the treaty of 1783, Americas' territory extended to this river

a) Ohio Riverb) Mississippi Riverc) Missouri Riverd) St. Lawrence River

Match the description in the second column with term or name in the first column. Write the appropriate letter next to the word.

_____ 19. Molly Pitcher a. lost Battle of Saratoga

_____ 20. Ethan Allen b. rising prices

_____ 21. Hessians c. colonial money

_____ 22. Gen. Horatio Gates d. was recognized for heroic war efforts

_____ 23. inflation e. helped raise money for Continental army

_____ 24. Continentals f. German mercenaries who fought for British

_____ 25. Gen. John Burgoyne g. leader of Green Mountain Boys

_____ 26. Haym Salomon h. led colonists to victory at Saratoga

a. Trenton b. Valley Forge

c. Saratoga d. Philadelphia

e. New York

______ 27. This is the site of the Continental Army’s camp during the winter of1777–1778.

______ 28. This victory for the colonists dramatically changed Britain’s war strategy.

______ 29. British troops occupied this city in the winter of 1777–1778 whileWashington and his troops camped in the woods.

______ 30. After withdrawing from Boston in 1776, the British tried to isolate New England by seizing this city.

______ 31. This is where, on Christmas night in 1776, George Washington led 2,400 men in rowboats across an ice-choked river.

Creating a New Nation

What was the first written form of laws for our government called?

a) Declaration of Independenceb) The Constitutionc) Bill of Rightsd) Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation called for a

a) weak national governmentb) powerful national governmentc) no national governmentd) weak state government

The Articles of Confederation gave Congress _________ to tax or regulate commerce between states.

a) too much powerb) no powerc) some powerd) all power

The Constitution balanced power between the large and small states by creating a two house legislature. On what is state representation for the House of Representatives based?

a) land size of the stateb) when the state joined the unionc) population of the stated) income of the state

The Articles of Confederation provided for ________ common currency.

a) nob) federalc) stated) none of the above

The Articles of Confederation gave each state

a) votes regarding to size.b) votes regarding to populationc) one vote.d) votes regarding to state size and

population.

Which branch of government was permitted in the Articles of Confederation?

a) executiveb) legislativec) judiciald) Supreme Court

The Constitution balanced power between the large and small states by creating a two house legislature.  Which house has equal representation from each state?

a) Senateb) House of Representatives

The Constitution made ________  law the supreme law of the land, and otherwise gave the__________considerable leeway to govern themselves.

a) state, governmentb) democratic, peoplec) federal, statesd) no, citizens

The Constitution placated the Southern states by counting slaves as___________of the population when determining representation in the ____________ .

a) 1/5, Senateb) 3/5, House of Representativesc) 3/4, Senated) 4/5, House of Representatives

The Constitution avoided a too powerful central government by establishing three co-equal branches.  Which of the following is NOT correct?

a) The executive branch enforces the laws.b) The legislative branch creates the laws.c) The judicial branch interprets the laws to make

sure they are constitutional.d) The executive branch is made up of the

Senate and House of Representatives.

Each branch is overseen by the other two branches -what term is used for this method of making sure one branch does not dominate?

a) checks and balancesb) power to overseec) dominationd) patronage

Who was the chairman of the Constitutional Convention?

a) John Hancockb) Benjamin Franklinc) George Washingtond) James Madison

Who is known as "the Father of the Constitution" because of his many debates and well-scripted notes of the meetings?

a) George Washingtonb) John Jayc) Alexander Hamiltond) James Madison

What plan did Madison propose at the Convention?

a) Richmond Planb) New Jersey Planc) Virginia Pland) New York Plan

Who authored much of the Bill of Rights?

a) James Madisonb) Alexander Hamiltonc) Benjamin Franklind) Thomas Jefferson

Who proposed a federal government with three separate branches, which became the foundation for our government today?

a) James Madisonb) Alexander Hamiltonc) Benjamin Franklind) Thomas Jefferson

Which group favored a strong central government that shared the power with the states?

a) Anti-federalistsb) Federalistsc) Both Anti-federalists and Federalistsd) Neither Anti-federalists or Federalists

Which group believed a strong central government was necessary to facilitate interstate commerce, manage foreign trade, and national defense?

a) Anti-federalistsb) Federalistsc) Both Anti-federalists and Federalistsd) Neither Anti-federalists or Federalists

Which group believed a national Bill of Rights is necessary?

a) Anti-federalistsb) Federalistsc) Both Anti-federalists and Federalistsd) Neither Anti-federalists or Federalists