the causes of civil war
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The Causes of the Civil War
The Long Parliament 1640-41
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MPs aims
Stop Church becoming moreCatholic
Reverse Laudian changes
Punish kings evil counsellorsRestore old constitutional balance
Eliminate financial changes ofpersonal rule
Abolish prerogative courts
StarChamber and High Commission
Free the king from Catholicconspiracy
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The Evil Counsellors
Finsch and Windebank fled
abroad
Laud sent to tower
Strafford seen as the major
threat Ireland
Stafford impeached going touse Irish army to support
personal rule
Act of Attainder
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John Pym
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The Destruction of the
Machinery ofPersonal Rule
Courts ofStar Chamber and
High Commission abolished
Ship Money declared illegal
Boundaries of royal forests
Distraint of Knighthood illegal
Court of Wards abolishedTriennial Act
Act for a Perpetual Parliament
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The Ten Propositions
request to the King to commit
'his own business and the
affairs of the Kingdom to suchcouncillors and officers as the
Parliament may have cause to
confide in'
Parliament to choose thekings counsellors
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Future Problems
The role of parliament in
relation to the royal
prerogative
The Root and Branch Petition
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Cause of the Civil WarPart Two
Crisis and Confrontation
The Long Parliament 1641-42
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Scotland
Charles travels to Scotland to
ratify peace
Parliament didnt trustCharles intentions
Events only fuelled fears
about Charles trustworthiness
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Henrietta Maria
Pym saw her as the most
dangerous influence on Charles
Did not believe in parliament
Kings ruled, subjects obeyed
Encouraged Charles to resist
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Constitutional Royalists vs Anti-
Court Consenus
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The Grand
RemonstrancePym feared Charles motivesRemonstrance went over passed ground
Evidence of Roman Catholic Conspiracy
Laws against RC be strictly enforced
HOC should be able to remove kingsministers
Led to the break-up of anti-courtconsensus
Heated debate, but passed
Then printed which was the last strawfor many
Kings reply was moderate
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BUT
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The Irish Rebellion 1641
Catholic Irish rebelled against
Ulster Presbyterians
1000s massacred
Atrocities exaggerated, but created
climate of fear in England
Rebels claimed to be acting in
Charles nameArmy needed, but could MPs trust
Charles
Increased belief in RC conspiracy
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TurningPoint!
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The Five Members Coup
1642Charles believed parliament planning toimpeach Henrietta Maria
Impeached Lord Mandeville and theMPs Pym Hampden, Strode, Heselrige
and Holles - the so-called Five MembersImpeachment not acted on by Lords
On 5 January 1642 Charles entered theHouse of Commons with 300 troops to
arrest the Five Members. They had priorknowledge of his intentions and weresafely in the City.
Created uproar
Charles left London