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• Describe the causes and major events of the French and Indian War.

• Analyze the causes and effects of Pontiac’s Rebellion.

• Summarize how the wars and their outcomes changed the relationship between Britain and the colonies.

Objectives

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Terms and People

• George Washington – young, ambitious Virginian who led colonial troops against the French in 1754

• French and Indian War – a war that pitted the British and their colonial allies against the French and Indians

• Pontiac’s Rebellion – an Indian uprising against the British in the Ohio River valley after the French and Indian War

• Proclamation of 1763 – between the British and Indians, it restricted colonial settlers to east of the Appalachian Mountains

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Terms and People (continued)

• Albany Plan of Union – 1754 plan that called on the colonies to unite under British rule and cooperate with one another in war

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How did Great Britain’s wars with France affect the American colonies?

A series of wars between the European empires spread to the colonies.

Colonists allied with Britain fought against the French and their Indian allies.

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Overall, the Indians tried to maintain a balance ofpower between the French and the British.

In the French

and Indian War:

• Most Indians fought alongside the French because they treatedthe Indians with respect and generosity.

• The British treated Indians harshly and took their lands for farming.

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The French and British fought over who controlled the Ohio River Valley and the Great Lakes area.

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In the early years of the war, from 1754 through to 1758, the British were defeated by the French and their Indian allies.

A young George Washington led an early battle against the French in 1754.

The death of General Edward Braddock in a French and Indian ambush was a significant defeat for the British.

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Soon groups of colonial militiamen helped the British fight the French by serving as scouts and soldiers.

Rogers’ Rangers was an effective militia that included Indians fighting against the French.

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In 1758 and 1759, the British interrupted the shipment of French supplies and started to win battles.

Many Indians deserted the French to fight on the British side.

The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the war and greatly increased British territory.

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• They attacked British forts and the new British settlements.

• They tried to weaken the British in any way they could, in order to lure the French back.

• The British stopped supplies to the Indians.

• British settlers quickly moved into Indian lands in western Pennsylvania and Virginia.

The Indians rebelled.The British conquest was not good for the Indians.

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This Indian uprising called Pontiac’s Rebellion ended in 1764.

The British agreed settlers would remain east of the Appalachian Mountains.

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The British The Colonies

wanted more control over the colonies

did not want British control

wanted the colonies to help pay for the wars

wanted more land for settlements

wanted the colonies to join together under the Albany Plan of Union

wanted to maintain their individual autonomy

wanted colonies to cooperate in time of war

did not want to be unfairly taxed by the British

Tensions arose between the British and colonists after the French and Indian War.

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• unite the colonies under British rule.

• unite the colonies in fighting wars.

• create a continental assembly with delegates from each colony.

Colonial leader Benjamin Franklin drafted the Albany Plan of Union that would:

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Franklin drew this political cartoon to encourage support of colonial unity and his plan.

The colonists and the British each rejected the Albany Plan for their own reasons.

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The French and Indian War changed the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain.

The colonists increasingly resented the erosion of their autonomy and the involuntary tax burden.

In the 1760s, the British placed new, unwanted taxes and regulations on the colonists.

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Section Review

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