The Growth of Revolutionary The Growth of Revolutionary Ideas Pt. 1Ideas Pt. 1

US HistoryUS History

Mrs. HousenickMrs. Housenick

9/6/129/6/12

The Growth of Revolutionary IdeasThe Growth of Revolutionary Ideas

1. The Glorious 1. The Glorious Revolution of 1688Revolution of 1688

(In England)(In England)

--Peaceful transfer of --Peaceful transfer of power from unpopular power from unpopular king and queen to king and queen to new monarchs new monarchs chosen by people.chosen by people.

The Glorious Revolution ctnd.The Glorious Revolution ctnd.

CONSEQUENCES IN AMERICACONSEQUENCES IN AMERICA--English Bill of Rights very influential.--English Bill of Rights very influential.

--Made many Americans want --Made many Americans want certain certain rights guaranteed rights guaranteed here.here.

--Showed Americans the possibility of --Showed Americans the possibility of getting getting rid of unpopular rulers.rid of unpopular rulers.

--People had power if they used it!--People had power if they used it!

The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd.The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd.

2. The Enlightenment2. The Enlightenment– European intellectual European intellectual

and cultural movementand cultural movement– New ideas about New ideas about

governmentgovernment– Philosophers ideas Philosophers ideas

had influence here in had influence here in USUS

The Enlightenment ctnd.The Enlightenment ctnd.

Made Americans question old ideas about Made Americans question old ideas about government, especially monarchygovernment, especially monarchy

Rousseau—social contractRousseau—social contract– People and government agree to contract. If People and government agree to contract. If

government breaks, people have right to get rid of government breaks, people have right to get rid of government.government.

Montesquieu—separation of powersMontesquieu—separation of powers– Government power should be divided among different Government power should be divided among different

branches, not given to one person.branches, not given to one person.

Enlightenment ctnd.Enlightenment ctnd.

John LockeJohn Locke’’s Political Theories (1690)s Political Theories (1690)– Natural rightsNatural rights

LIFE, LIBERTY AND LIFE, LIBERTY AND PROPERTYPROPERTY

– Power from the peoplePower from the people– Justified rebellionJustified rebellion– Tabula Rasa Tabula Rasa (blank slate theory)(blank slate theory)

The Growth of Revolutionary The Growth of Revolutionary Ideas Pt. 2Ideas Pt. 2

US HistoryUS History

Mrs. HousenickMrs. Housenick

9/7/129/7/12

The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd.The Growth of Rev. Ideas ctnd.

3. The Great Awakening3. The Great Awakening(1740)(1740)--Resurgence of religious --Resurgence of religious

fervor all over coloniesfervor all over colonies--Revival meetings lead by --Revival meetings lead by

Jonathan Edwards and Jonathan Edwards and other traveling preachersother traveling preachers

--People in America left --People in America left traditional Puritan traditional Puritan churches for new ones churches for new ones where they felt more where they felt more connected to God connected to God

Great Awakening Revival Great Awakening Revival MeetingMeeting

From Jonathan Edwards: Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

So that thus it is, that natural men are held in the hand of God over the pit of hell; they have deserved the fiery pit, and are already sentenced to it; and God is dreadfully provoked, his anger is as great towards them as to those that are actually suffering the executions of the fierceness of his wrath in hell, and they have done nothing in the least to appease or abate that anger, neither is God in the least bound by any promise to hold 'em up one moment; the devil is waiting for them, hell is gaping for them, the flames gather and flash about them…

Great Awakening ctnd.

CONSEQUENCES: CONSEQUENCES:

New religious groups—Baptists, Presbyterians, New religious groups—Baptists, Presbyterians, MethodistsMethodists

New message that everyone is equal under GodNew message that everyone is equal under God

Beginnings of colonists challenging Beginnings of colonists challenging traditional authority here in UStraditional authority here in US

--Because they were challenging traditional --Because they were challenging traditional church, also began to think about challenging church, also began to think about challenging British government.British government.

4. Economic frustrations4. Economic frustrations““The hatters of England have The hatters of England have prevailed to obtain an act in their prevailed to obtain an act in their own favor restraining that own favor restraining that manufacture in America…In the manufacture in America…In the same manner have a few nail same manner have a few nail makers and still smaller body of makers and still smaller body of steelmakers (perhaps there are steelmakers (perhaps there are not half a dozen of these in not half a dozen of these in England) prevailed totally to forbid England) prevailed totally to forbid by an act of Parliament the by an act of Parliament the erecting of slitting mills or steel erecting of slitting mills or steel furnaces in America; that furnaces in America; that Americans may be obliged to take Americans may be obliged to take all their nails for their buildings and all their nails for their buildings and steel for their tools from these steel for their tools from these [British] craft workers.[British] craft workers.””– Benjamin Franklin, early 1700sBenjamin Franklin, early 1700s

Economic Frustrations ctnd.Economic Frustrations ctnd.

Britain followed mercantilism—economic system Britain followed mercantilism—economic system where one country uses its colonies only for its where one country uses its colonies only for its own economic gain, doesn’t allow colonial own economic gain, doesn’t allow colonial economy to grow for own sakeeconomy to grow for own sakeWanted colonies only to produce raw materials Wanted colonies only to produce raw materials for Britain, and forbade colonies from selling for Britain, and forbade colonies from selling products to any other countries.products to any other countries.Navigation ActsNavigation Acts– Limited what Americans could produce, had to ship Limited what Americans could produce, had to ship

products on British owned shipsproducts on British owned ships

Economic Frustrations ctnd.

British passed new taxes and regulations on colonists to help make money for British crown/empireSugar Act--first new taxQuartering Act--Americans must house British soldiersStamp Act—first direct tax all Americans had to pay– Colonists organize boycotts, “NO TAXATION

WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!

Economic Frustrations ctnd.

CONSEQUENCES:Colonists refuse to pay taxes--leads to many violent confrontations between British army and colonial militias– Boston Massacre– Boston Tea Party

Colonists organize boycott of all British products, raise large colonial armyShots fired at Lexington and Concord--> Revolutionary War