the human body: an orientation chapter 1 1.3 the language of anatomy
TRANSCRIPT
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The Human Body: An Orientation
Chapter 11.3 The language of anatomy
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Bellwork Write these vocabulary words on your bell work sheet
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1. Superior2. Inferior3. Anterior4. Posterior5. MedialIf you were absent Monday get the other 15 words from a class mate/ see absent folder for worksheet we did in class
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Now with a partner define these. You can use your books, or your phone
Quiz: This Friday
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Anatomical Position
▪ Anatomical Position:
• Used for the purpose of description
• Body is standing, the feet together, the arms to the side, and the head and eyes and palms of the hands facing forwards.
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Anatomical Planes
▪ Anatomical Planes: Flat surfaces which pass through body parts–The Main Planes
1. Sagittal (parasagittal and midsagittal)
2.Frontal3.Transverse
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Anatomical Planes
1. Sagittal: a cut made lengthwise (longitudinal) that divides the body into left and right halve–Midsagittal–Parasagittal
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Anatomical Planes
2. Frontal Plane:
• A cut made lengthwise that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts (front and back)
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Frontal
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Anatomical Planes
3. Transverse Plane:
• Cut made along a horizontal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (top and bottom)
• AKA a cross section
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Transverse
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Directional Terms
▪ Anterior(Ventral):Nearer or to the front of the body
Anterior1
1
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Directional Terms
▪ Posterior(Dorsal):Nearer or to the back of the body
Anterior
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Posterior2
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Directional Terms
▪ Superior(Cranial):Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure
Anterior
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3Posterior
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Directional Terms
▪ Inferior(Caudal):Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure
Anterior
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Posterior
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Directional Terms
▪ Proximal:Nearest to the center of the body relative to another body part.
Examples: • the humerus is proximal to the radius• the femur is proximal to the tibia
• the shoulder is proximal to the elbow
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Directional Terms
▪ Label proximal on your handout
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Directional Terms
▪ Distal:
Examples: • the phalanges(fingers) are distal to the carpals(wrist)
Furthest from the center of the body relative to another body part
• the eyes are distal to the mouth • the knees are distal to the hip
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Directional Terms
▪ Label proximal on your handout
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56 4 3
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Directional Terms
▪ Medial:
Examples: • the nose is medial to the eyes
Nearer to the midline
• the sternum is medial to the shoulder• the ears are medial to the shoulders
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Directional Terms
▪ Label medial on your handout56 4 3
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Directional Terms
▪ Lateral:
Examples: • the thumb is lateral to the pinky
Farther from the midline
• the lungs are lateral to the heart • the shoulders are
lateral to the ears
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Directional Terms
▪ Label lateral on your handout4 4 3
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Pair up
▪ Divide the directional term cards evenly and randomly
▪ Take some tape and put your directional terms onto your partner and vice versa
▪ Use the directions provided on this slide
a. Area distal to the kneeb. Area proximal to the
elbowc. Lateral to the big toed. Anterior side of the bodye. Posterior side of the bodyf. Area that is medial to the
shoulderg. Area that is superior to
the lungsh. Area that is inferior to
the heart
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Body Cavities
▪ Dorsal Body Cavities:
• Cranial Cavity• Space inside the
skull• Contains the brain
• Spinal Cavity• Extends from the
cranial cavity down the vertebral column
• Contains the spinal cord
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Body Cavities
▪ Ventral Body Cavities:
• Thoracic Cavity• The upper body
cavity that extends down to the diaphragm
• Abdominopelvic Cavity• Abdominal cavity• Pelvic cavity
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Cranial:
▪ Cervical:
▪ Orbital:
▪ Nasal:
▪ Oral:
skull
neck
eye socketnose
mouth
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Thoracic:
▪ Brachial:
▪ Acromial:
▪ Antebrachial:
▪ Carpal:
▪ Phalanges:
chest
arm
forearm
wrist
Fingers and toes
shoulder
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Femoral:
▪ Patella:
▪ Tarsal:
thigh
knee capankle
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Scapula:
▪ Vertebral:
▪ Dorsal:
▪ Gluteal:
▪ Sural:
shoulder blade
back
buttock
calf
spinal column
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Abdominal:
▪ Buccal:
▪ Inguinal:
▪ Umbilical:
Anterior body trunk
Where thigh meets body trunk
bellybutton
Cheek