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TRANSCRIPT
THE LIFE AND WORK OF
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
PART 3:
Ages 34 (1901) to 42 (1909)
In Chicago
by JT Wunderlich PhD
PART 1 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 0-19 (1867-1886) Formative Years
Historical & Social Context: Post-Civil War recession, Industrial revolution, Farm life, Preacher/Musician Father, Teacher/Mother, Mother's large influential Unitarian farming family, Unitarian beliefs, Nature, Parent’s divorce
ARCHITECTURE: Froebel education (blocks, etc), Barns & Farm houses, Roots of his organic architecture
PART 2 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 20-33 (1887-1900) Formative Years
Historical & Social Context: The rebuilding of Chicago after the Great Fire, Wife Anna and first five children
ARCHITECTURE: Louis Sullivan, Beginnings of his organic architecture
PART 3 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 34-41 (1901-1908) THIS LECTURE
Historical & Social Context: Post-mid-1800’s opening of Japan, Pre-WW1 Europe, Arts &Crafts, Six children
ARCHITECTURE: Began his Prairie Style, First trip to Japan (1905)
PART 4 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 42-47 (1909-1914)
Historical & Social Context: Secession movement in Austria, Living in Italy (1909/10), Returning to his mother's family's farmland to build Taliesin, Mistress murdered
ARCHITECTURE: Continued prairie style while seeking other inspirations and social philosophies, Taliesin
PART 5 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 48-62 (1915-1929)
Historical & Social Context: WWI, Roaring 20’s, A short 2nd marriage, 3rd marriage to Olgivanna (Olga), CA, Japan
ARCHITECTURE: California (and Arizona) Textile Houses, Designs in Japan
PART 6 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 63-78 (1930-1945)
Historical & Social Context: The Great Depression(1930's), WWII(1939-45), Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan; Modernism, Living with no money, Taliesin Fellowship (Olga's idea)
ARCHITECTURE: Broadacre city, Usonian Houses, Taliesin West
PART 7 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 79-91 (1946-1958) -- died in 1958
Historical & Social Context: Post WWII economic boom, Cold War, Communal living at Taliesin, Modernism
ARCHITECTURE: Modern materials and methods
PART 8 Post Frank Lloyd Wright -- Olga continues Taliesin Fellowship (1958-1985)
INFLUENCES up to Age 34 (1901)
PLACES
New England, mostly Rural Wisconsin
Chicago, and Oak Park suburb
PEOPLE
Father Preacher/Musician, Mother Teacher & Unitarian farmer family
Wife Anna, and the first five of six children
Architects:
EVENTS
“The Machine”
Rebuilding Chicago after 1871 fire
1893 Worlds Fair in Chicago
Designed his home
Starts own practice
Designed homes in Oak Park
Farms until age 20
Allan Conover Joseph Silsbee
1887 CHICAGO
Louis Sullivan
Wife Catherine
Father Mother
He sees Japanese Pavilion at 1893 Worlds Fair
His home in Oak Park First project of his own Practice
“THE ART AND CRAFT OF THE MACHINE” [WRIGHT 1901]
“in the machine lies the only future of art and craft … the
machine is the metamorphosis of ancient art and craft… we
are at last face to face with the machine - the modern
Sphinx - whose riddle the artist must solve … I hope to
prove that the machine is capable of carrying to fruition high
ideals in art -- higher than the world has yet seen”
“Machines and the automatic process… Quantity
production … was already an inflexible necessity ,
either as enemy or friend, commercial machine
standardization had taken the life of handcraft … I
wanted to realize genuine new forms.”
Frank Lloyd Wright
at age 34 (1901)
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE DESIGN PRINCIPLES [WRIGHT 1908 , WRIGHT 1954, WRIGHT 1957, WRIGHT 1908]
Architecture = Music
Strong geometries (Like wood blocks)
“Human scale is true building scale”
Conform to site, sun, hillsides
Open floor plan -"a unified whole“ - inside and out
Orchestrate the Sun; into house, and via site (e.g., put house on North side of lot)
Often orient house 90 degrees to street (with entry on side)
"Destroy the box" eliminate Victorian box-type rooms (then create “Zoned Plan” of activities)
“Interior space made exterior as architecture”
Flow between interior and exterior “Walls become screens” – Bands of windows
Use materials in natural state; same on exterior and interior
“Bring out nature of materials.” Also, later, innovate materials.
Only “Integral ornament”
“Fixtures assimilated into structure… Furniture built in”
“color schemes…soft warm optimistic tones of earths and autumn leaves”
Frank Lloyd Wright
at age 34 (1901)
OPEN FLOOR PLAN
(like Japanese)
34 YEARS OLD (1901) [WRIGHT 1908 , WRIGHT 1954, WRIGHT 1957, WRIGHT 1908, STORRER 2017]
His “Prairie Style” expands on his “Organic Architecture”
“planes close to earth identify with ground”
• Complimenting wide open plains of the Midwest
“Folded Plane” like origami … “Continuity”…
• ”walls, ceilings, and floors become one”
Pin-wheeled Planes
Frank Lloyd Wright
S.054 Willets Residence, Illinois 1901
34 YEARS OLD (1901)
Pinwheeled Planes
Frank Lloyd Wright
Prairie Cruciform pinwheeled-plane type floor plan
http://www.steinerag.com/flw/Artifact%20Pages/PhRtS142.htm
His “Prairie Style” emphasizes the Horizontal
“I extended horizontal spacing without enlarging the building by cutting out all
the room partitions that did not serve the kitchen or give needed privacy…
Freedom of floor space and elimination of useless Heights …Sense of repose
in flat planes and quiet streamline effects”
His” Horizontal” also emphasized by:
Interiors with low ceilings and bands of windows at eye-level
Wall above window bands painted same color as ceiling
Bands of interior horizontal trim work
Extended roof overhangs, and long cantilevered balconies
Exterior facades of horizontal Board and Batten or Roman Brick (thin)
Frank Lloyd Wright
34 YEARS OLD (1901) [WRIGHT 1908 , WRIGHT 1954, WRIGHT 1957, WRIGHT 1908, STORRER 2017]
35 YEARS OLD (1902) [STORRER 2017]
Horizontal Board and Batten
Frank Lloyd Wright
S. 063 John A. Mosher Residence, Ohio 1902
35 YEARS OLD (1902) [STORRER 2017]
Brick laid to look like
Horizontal Board and Batten
Frank Lloyd Wright
S.074 Arthur and Grace Heurtley Residence, Illinois 1902
36 YEARS OLD (1903) [STORRER 2017]
Roman Brick (thin)
Frank Lloyd Wright
S.100 Darwin D. Martin House, Buffalo, NY 1903
35 YEARS OLD (1902) [STORRER 2017]
Frank Lloyd Wright
S.070 Francis W. and Mary Little Residence, Illinois 1902
Continued Strong Geometric Shapes from childhood playing with wood blocks
36 YEARS OLD (1903) [STORRER 2017]
Frank Lloyd Wright
S.0100 Darwin D. Martin Estate, New York,1903
Continued Strong Geometric Shapes from childhood playing with wood blocks
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
Continued being influenced by Japan
with first trip to Japan in 1905
1900: Road to Ikuta Shrine by unknown photographer 2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo by Frank Lloyd Wright
of Ikuta Shrine in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright Location unknown
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Kyoto
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
In Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto 1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Kobe
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo by Frank Lloyd Wright in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright Location unknown
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Kyoto
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Narita
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Kyoto
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
2013 Photo by J Wunderlich in Narita
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2017]
1905 Photo
by Frank Lloyd Wright
in Nagoya
HIS 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Wunderlich Vlog
(watch time 17:44 to 28:49):
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=MC8dpAiC0dw&fea
ture=youtu.be
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2018]
Unity Temple, Chicago 1905
Same year as first trip to Japan
Japanese Influence?
Nagoya Japan, 1900
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2018]
Unity Temple, Chicago 1905
Same year as first trip to Japan
Japanese Influence?
Nagoya Japan, 1900
38 YEARS OLD (1905) [FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TRUST 2018]
Unity Temple, Chicago 1905
Wright stated “Unity Temple is
where you will find the first real
expression of the idea that the
space within the building is
the reality of that building”
HIS 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
HIS 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Wunderlich Vlog
(watch time 28:49 to 35:28):
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=MC8dpAiC0dw&fea
ture=youtu.be
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
He mingles with the wealthy at River Forest Country Club
Most of his commissions are for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River Forest Country Club
Commissions for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River Forest Country Club
Commissions for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River Forest Country Club
Commissions for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River Forest Country Club
Commissions for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River Forest Country Club
Commissions for wealthy people
HIS LATE 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Wunderlich Vlog
(watch time 35:28 to 47.06):
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=MC8dpAiC0dw&fea
ture=youtu.be
HIS LATE 30’S
IN CHICAGO
(AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Mingles at River
Forest Country Club
Commissions for
wealthy people
39 YEARS OLD (1906) [STORRER 2017]
S.127 Robie House, Chicago 1906
One year after his first trip to Japan
Japanese Influence?
39 YEARS OLD (1906) [STORRER 2017]
One year after his first trip to Japan
Japanese Influence?
Famous Fushimi Inari-aisha shrine
in Kyoto Japan since 711AD
S.127 Robie House, Chicago 1906
40 YEARS OLD (1907) [STORRER 2017]
S.133 George Blossom Garage, Chicago 1907
Two years after his first trip to Japan
Japanese Influence ?
HIS 30’S IN CHICAGO (AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 1900’S)
Frank Lloyd Wright
Wunderlich Vlog
(watch time 28:49 to 35:28):
https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=MC8dpAiC0dw&fea
ture=youtu.be
41 YEARS OLD (1908)
Also influences by:
The American Arts & Crafts movement
Gustav Stickley, Green & Green, etc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1SZqOF3YkM
Also influences from the Secession Movement in Vienna, Austria
41 YEARS OLD (1908)
PART 4 Frank Lloyd Wright, ages 42 to 47 (1909-1914)
1909/10 in ITALY
1911 builds Taliesin in Wisconsin
His new Home, Studio, Farm, and eventual Architecture School
NEXT LECTURE
S.172 “Taliesin” in Wisconsin, 1906
1909
42 YEARS OLD
HTTP://WWW.THECRAFTSMANBUNGALOW.C
OM/FRANK-LLOYD-WRIGHT-HOME-STUDIO/
PART 1 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 0-19 (1867-1886) Formative Years
Historical & Social Context: Post-Civil War recession, Industrial revolution, Farm life, Preacher/Musician Father, Teacher/Mother, Mother's large influential Unitarian farming family, Unitarian beliefs, Nature, Parent’s divorce
ARCHITECTURE: Froebel education (blocks, etc), Barns & Farm houses, Roots of his organic architecture
PART 2 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 20-33 (1887-1900) Formative Years
Historical & Social Context: The rebuilding of Chicago after the Great Fire, Wife Anna and first five children
ARCHITECTURE: Louis Sullivan, Beginnings of his organic architecture
PART 3 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 34-41 (1901-1908) THIS LECTURE
Historical & Social Context: Post-mid-1800’s opening of Japan, Pre-WW1 Europe, Arts &Crafts, Six children
ARCHITECTURE: Began his Prairie Style, First trip to Japan (1905)
PART 4 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 42-47 (1909-1914)
Historical & Social Context: Secession movement in Austria, Living in Italy (1909/10), Returning to his mother's family's farmland to build Taliesin, Mistress murdered
ARCHITECTURE: Continued prairie style while seeking other inspirations and social philosophies, Taliesin
PART 5 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 48-62 (1915-1929)
Historical & Social Context: WWI, Roaring 20’s, A short 2nd marriage, 3rd marriage to Olgivanna (Olga), CA, Japan
ARCHITECTURE: California (and Arizona) Textile Houses, Designs in Japan
PART 6 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 63-78 (1930-1945)
Historical & Social Context: The Great Depression(1930's), WWII(1939-45), Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan; Modernism, Living with no money, Taliesin Fellowship (Olga's idea)
ARCHITECTURE: Broadacre city, Usonian Houses, Taliesin West
PART 7 Frank Lloyd Wright, Age 79-91 (1946-1958) -- died in 1958
Historical & Social Context: Post WWII economic boom, Cold War, Communal living at Taliesin, Modernism
ARCHITECTURE: Modern materials and methods
PART 8 Post Frank Lloyd Wright -- Olga continues Taliesin Fellowship (1958-1985)
Burns, Ken, and Novick, Lynn. Frank Lloyd Wright: A Film by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick DVD. PBS Home Video, August 28, 2001.
Curtis, Stanley James. Friedrich Froebel; German educator. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2018. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Friedrich-Froebel
Find a grave; William Carey Wright, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/55462361/william-carey-wright
Frank Lloyd Wright Trust. 1905: Japan through the Lens of Frank Lloyd Wright, 2017. https://www.wrightsjapan1905.org/
Frank Lloyd Wright Trust. Unity Temple, 2018. https://flwright.org/researchexplore/unitytemple
Froebel; Brief History of the Kindergarten. Froebel Gifts, 2013. http://www.froebelgifts.com/history.htm
Ho-o-Den ,. An Illustrated Description of the Buildings Erected by the Japanese Government at the World´s Columbian Exposition, Jackson
Park, Chicago, Tokyo, K. Ogawa, publisher, 2018. http://www.baxleystamps.com/litho/ogawa/ogawa_hooden.shtml
Hoffman, Anna. Gustav Stickley: the American Arts & Crafts Movement. Sept 16, 2010. https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/gustav-stickley-the-american-a-127060
Huxtable, Ada Louise. Frank Lloyd Wright. New York Times, Oct. 31, 2004. https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/31/books/chapters/frank-lloyd-wright.html
Kaufman, Clare. The History of Higher Education in the United States. WoroldWideLearn. 2018. https://www.worldwidelearn.com/education-advisor/indepth/history-higher-education.php
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), The United States Green Building Council, 2018. https://new.usgbc.org/leed
Life of Olgivanna Lloyd Wright Reviewed by Architects and Artisans. ORO Editions. Sep 12, 2017. https://www.oroeditions.com/2017/09/12/the-life-of-olgivanna-lloyd-wright-reviewed-by-architects-and-artisans/
PENN Rare Book and Manuscript: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Paternal Family. Penn Library. University of Pennsylvania, Feb. 20, 2014.
http://www.library.upenn.edu/rbm/featured/mscoll822.html
Storrer, William Allin. The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, a Complete Catalog, 4th edition. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2017.
Pearson, David. The Breaking Wave: New Organic Architecture. Stroud: Gaia, 2001.
Zerbey, Nancy. New England Architecture | Guide to House Styles in New England. New England Today Living, May 9, 2018.
https://newengland.com/today/living/homes/new-england-architecture/
Unity Chapel, Unity Chapel Inc. 2018. http://www.unitychapel.org/familyhistory/
Wright, Frank Lloyd. The Art and Craft of the Machine, Vol. 8, No. 2 pp. 77-81, 83-85, 87-90, May, 1901. tps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25505640.pdf
Wright, Frank Lloyd. In the Cause of Architecture. Architectural Record, vol. XXIII, March 1908.
Wright, Frank Lloyd. In the Cause of Architecture; Second Paper. Architectural Record, May 1914.
Wright, Frank Lloyd. The Natural House. New York, Penguin Books , 1954.
Wright, Frank Lloyd. Testament. New York, Bramhall House, 1957.