the making of nibs-volume1-the beginnings

7/31/2019 The Making Of Nibs-Volume1-The Beginnings

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-making-of-nibs-volume1-the-beginnings 1/406

:

^k` Ijflmh bg Mlds ls j obia`~` mbwà dp~ l~ s~laa kjs tbdaìs xl~k ~k` jo~pja xtl~lmh dòjps`

l~ ls pm`nl~`n"tbbg t`jn-

Sa`js` t`jn jmn L kb` `meb| js l~ ls ~k` glts~ bg j ab~ bg mbwàs djs`n bm ~k` sji` ajm`~-

Ijm| ~kjmfs ips~ d` hlw`m ~b Sjaajnlpi Dbbfs gbt ~k`lt sp`td ~jda` tbaàj|lmh sbpto` dbbfs

bm Tlg~s @jt~k jmn ~k` I`hjw`ts` xklok L kjw` ps`n js j djs` gbt j ab~ bg ~k` obmo`~s-

J w`t| djslo habssjt| sb t`jn`ts kjw` jm ln`j bg ijlma| ~k` glhpt`s L ji pslmh-

Dlaalbm ‟ :!333!333!333!333 +~kls ls ~k` @mhalsk dlaalbm mb~ ~k` Ji`tlojm dlaalbm,



^k` Ijflmh bg Mlds ‟ Wbapi` : ‟ ^k` D`hlmmlmhs

Okj~`t :

_j~ lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi bg Njil`m Oji`tbm“s kbi` lm _ptjdjm! x`t` ^lijps! Njil`m jmn

F Nbh-

^lijps ajo`n kls iph bg obgg`` nbxm jsflmh! ‑Nb |bp ~klmf L skbpan p~ Mlokbajs

Oja~bm gbtxjtn gbt sàò~lbm ~b ~k` Jojnì|2’

Njil`m s~bbn! k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` xlmnbx jmn sjln js k` x`m~! ‑\`jk! ~k` xbtf k` nln gbt

ps bm ~kj~ b`tj~lbm xjs `{oàa`m~! jmn lg ~kj~“s j sjia` bg ~k` xbtf! Mlokbajs kjs ~k` jdlal~| ~b

nb ~k`m |`s- ^k` bma| lssp` ls kbx xlaa k` t`jo~ ~b ~k` ~tp~k jdbp~ xkj~ ls kj`mlmh k`t`2’

F Nbh abbf`n j~ Njil`m jmn ~k`m ^lijps! jg~`t j sòbmn“s jps` k` sjln! ‑L ~klmf

Mlokbajs xlaa `{oà lm ~k` `mwltbmi`m~ js abmh js x` hlw` kli ~k` ~tjlmlmh ~b n`g`mn klisàg! k`

ij| d` gl~ dp~ kbx s~tbmh ls k` jmn xkj~ jt` kls glhk~lmh sflaas alf`2’

‑^kbs` L kjw` jm ln`j bm jat`jn|! ~k`| jt`m“~ djn! jmn k` ps`s skbt~ s~jw`s js kls t`g`tt`n

oabs` obidj~ x`jbm!’ Tlokjtn sjln-

‑Xl~k ~kj~! L xbpanm“~ kjw` j tbdaì sòbmnlmh |bpt okblo` ~k`m!’ tàl`n F Nbh d`gbt`

~jflmh j ibp~k gpaa bg obgg``-

‑Tlhk~ ~k`m L“aa s`mn ~k` ìjla ~b ~k` _àò~lbm obiil~~`` jmn a`~ ~kì fmbx ~b s~jt~ ~k`

bds`twj~lbm bg Mlokbajs-’

%%%%%

‑\bp fmbx sàò~lbm gbt m`{~ |`jts Jojnì| lm~jf` ls obilmh p lm ~k` m`jt gp~pt`

Hju2’ _jtjk a`m~ djof jhjlms~ ~k` djof bg k`t a`j~k`t bgglo` okjlt- Lm gtbm~ bg k`t xjs j gbpt

i`~`t abmh n`sf- Lm ~k` gtbm~ a`g~ kjmn obtm`t xjs j 48’ ASN +Alzpln Sajsij Nlsaj|, obip~`t

ibml~bt! bm ~k` sot``m xjs j slmmlmh xbag“s k`jn `moltoa`n d| ~k` xbtns ‛^k` Hjmhtà Hjmh ‟

A`~ ps d` wlo~btlbps d| jm| i`jms“- Lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ibml~bt xjs j xltà`ss f`|dbjtn jmn ibps`-

Bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` n`sf xjs j SNP +S`tsbmja Nj~j Pml~, xklok xjs sj~ lm l~s okjth`t-

^k` A@N bm ~k` ~b xjs ht``m xklok lmnloj~`n l~ xjs bm ~k` M`~ xjl~lmh gbt _jtjk ~b m``n l~-

‑\`jk L nb jmn |bp ~klmflmh bg gbtxjtnlmh j Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh Pml~ bt sbi`~klmh2’

tàl`n Hju xkla` k` x`m~ jdbp~ sbt~lmh bp~ j obgg`` gbt klisàg jmn _jtjk-

‑\`jk-’ _k` sj~ gbtxjtn jmn t`jok`n gbt ~k` f`|dbjtn jmn ibps`- _k` dtbphk~ p ~k` pml~

tbs~`ts bg jaa ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh Pml~s! sotbaalmh ~b ~k` alm` `m~t| gbt ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms- _k`

t`ss`n ~k` t ~ptm f`|! ~k` sot``m nlsaj|`n ~k` nj~jdjs` `m~t| gbt ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms- Als~ n bm



?

~k` sot``m x`t` jaa ~k` b`tj~lbms ~k` pml~ kjn nbm` slmo` l~ eblm`n ~k` tjmfs bg ~k` Hjmhtàs

sbi` 40 |`jts jhb- _k` sotbaa`n nbm` jmn s~b`n xk`m ~k` sot``m nlsaj|`n ~k` b`tj~lbms bg

~k` pml~ gbt ~k` ajs~ gbpt |`jts-

‑Xklok pml~ |bp ajmmlmh bg gbtxjtnlmh ~b ~k` sàò~lbm obiil~~`` ~k`m2’ jsf`n Hju js

k` xjaf`n ~b bm` bg ~k` ~kt`` a`j~k`t okjlts lm gtbm~ bg ~k` n`sf-

‑^k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms-’

Hju sila`n jmn mbnn`n kls k`jn lm jm jtbwlmh xj|! ‑Hbbn okblo`! dp~ jt` ~k`| t`jn|

~b eblm ~k` tjmfs bg ^k` Obmsltjo|! `sòljaa| xl~k xkj~ kj`m`n ~b Sjpa jmn _jmntj“s ipi

jmn njn-’

‑L ~klmf sb- L ~klmf ~k`| xlaa ~jf` ~k` ~tp~k lm ~k`lt s~tln` xk`m ~k`| fmbx ~k` obia`~`

lo~pt` bg xkj~“s kj`mlmh-’

%%%%%

:>~k Epxjt 437; 375>0JM

Mlof xjaf`n nbxm ~k` s~jlts gtbi ~k` glts~ gabbt bg kls gjila|“s kbi`! xklok xjs aboj~`n

lm O`m~tja Nls~tlo~! ~k` ijlm hbw`tmi`m~ja jmn bm` bg ~k` ijlm dpslm`ss nls~tlo~s bg ~k` ol~| bg

_ptjdjm! ~k` ojl~ja bg _pttj- ^k` ~xb s~bt`| dplanlmh xjs dpla~ bm bm` bg ~k` s~jmnjtn j~~`tms-

^kt`` d`ntbbis! bm` dj~ktbbi bm ~k` glts~ gabbt jmn bm` ajth` alwlmh tbbi! ~kj~ tjm gtbi ~k`gtbm~ ~b ~k` djof bg ~k` kbps`! bm` fl~ok`m jmn bm` nlmlmh tbbi- Aboj~`n bm ~k` a`g~ kjmn sln`

bg ~k` kbps` xjs j ~xb ojt hjtjh`- ^k` djof nbbt bg ~k` hjtjh` xjs d`sln` ~k` djof nbbt ~b ~k`

kbps`- Bm` bg ~k` gjila|“s ~xb ojts xjs jtf`n lm ~k` hjtjh`6 l~ dàbmh`n ~b kls ib~k`t! xkb

xjs sj~ j~ ~k` obip~`t lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi- Kls gj~k`t xjs bp~ bm sl~` sbt~lmh ~k` ajs~ dl~s jmn

lò`s bg ~k` aj~ s~ obm~tjo~- K` fm`x kls ipi jmn njn x`t` k`jnlmh ~b _bp~k _`j I`~tb jmn j

sòptl~| phtjn` bg j Djs~ja ^òkmbabhl`s Stbnpo~lbm sl~` ~k`t`- Xl~k d`lmh j ^kt`` Ijebt

s~pn`m~ k` kjn d``m hlw`m j sokbajtskl d| ~k` I`hjObtbtj~lbm O|d`t Lmnps~tl`s ~b j~~`mn bm`bg ~k` ijlm obaa`h`s ~kj~ kjn àò~tbmlos jmn obip~`t obpts`s-

J~ ~kls blm~ k` xjs mb~ spt` lg k` xjm~`n ~b hb- ^k` sokbajtskl xbpan a`jn kli ~b j xàa

jln ebd js l~k`t j obip~ t tbhtjii`t bt jm àò~tbmlos `mhlm` t! bsslda| j ilotb)

àò~tbmlos `mhlm``t- Kls ~li` lm _ptjdjm k` kjnm“~ d``m lna` xl~k eps~ sokbba xbtf ~k`

obtbtj~` tpm klhk sokbba ~kt`x j~ ~k` s~pn`m~s- K` kjn d``m dps| lm j slnàlm` dpslm`ss bg

phtjnlmh kbi`“s sòptl~| s|s~ìs- Tj~k`t ~kjm lms~jaa j dtjmn m`x s|s~ì ~kj~ ~k` ~kl`w`s

ibt` ~kjm alfà| fm`x! k` phtjn`n ~k` s|s~ì jat`jn| t`s`m~- K` fm`x lms~lmo~lwà| ~kj~

xk`m j ~kl`g oji` abbflmh gbt ~jth`~s k` xbpan kl~ ~kbs` kbps`s xl~k j sòptl~| s|s~ì k` fm`x-

Kls ln`js jmn ajms t`wbaw`n jtbpmn ~ktbxlmh ~k` ~kl`g ~ktbphk j abb jmn t`s`m~lmh kli xl~k



s|s~ìs ~kj~ k` kjn mb ln`j kbx ~b dt`jf js k` xbpan kjw` m`w`t obi` jotbss ~k` s|s~ì

d`gbt - Xl~k Njil`m Oji`tbm“s phtjn` k` kjn bw`taj`n! litbw`n! ibwì`m~ s msbts ~k`

glts~ jo~lwj~`n j sòbmn s`~ ~kj~ xjs blm~lmh j~ tlhk~ jmha`s ~b ~k` glts~ s`~! jmn l~ xjs ~kls s`~

~kj~ glt`n ~k` jo~pja jajti- L~ kjn d``m ~kj~ bw`taj jmn ~k` n`~ò~lbm litbwì`m~! ~kj~ kjn

s~b`n! F)Nbh jmn Op~~`ts! ~xb _~t``~ Hkbs~s Njil`m kjn jsf`n ~b ~`s~ ~k` s|s~ì- Gtbi ~kj~

jmn ~k` ibm~k k` kjn s`m~ t`s`jtoklmh ~k` dbtlmh jmn npaa s~pgg gbt Oji`tbm“s Tjln`ts- L~

lmoapn`n lmgbtij~lbm bm obtbtj~` glmjmo`s! dlbs gbt ijlm `ba` xl~klm ~k` obtbtj~` sl~` ~k`

~`ji xjs kl~~lmh- ^ljips kjn phtjn`n kls Jssbolj~` _~t``~ Hkbs~ als~lmh ~b bm` bg j Gpaa _~t``~

Hkbs~- L~ lmoapn`n j tbwlsb ~kj~ Mlof skbpan d` ~t`j~`n js jm jssbolj~` pm~la k` xjs :;! kls

dlt~knj| xjs bma| j g`x x` fs jxj| mbx- A`hjaa| jaabx`n ~b ibw` bp~ jmn dòbi` jm

lmn``mn`m~ `tsbm tj~k`t ~kjm m``nlmh kls jt`m~“s slhmj~pt` bm ~k` obms`m~ gbtis-

K` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn t`jals`n ~kj~ kls bs~pt` xjs bm` bg d`lmh n`t`ss`n

xl~k alg`! xklok k` skbpanm“~ d`- ^k` `{jis x`t` glmlsk`n! k` xjs hblmh ~b j jt~| ~b oà`dtj~`

jmn k` xjs x`jtlmh j gìlmlm` otb ~b opi sbt~“s dtj jmn j jlt bg klhk a`h fmlof`ts- Js k`

jss`n ~k` obj~ kbbfs d`sln` ~k` nbbt! k` ojaa`n ~b kls ipi! ‑L“i bgg bp~ ~b ~k` jt~| L ~ban |bp

jdbp~- Nbm“~ `{ò~ i` kbi` pm~la ~bibttbx sbi`~li` ipi-’ K` ijn` ~k` obmsolbps `ggbt~ bg

s~tjlhk~`mlmh kls sabpok jmn xk`m k` kjn k` gà~ ipok d`~~`t- K` xjs kj| j~ ~k` gjo~ sokbba

kjn glmlsk`n- K` ~kbphk~! ‛ Sj|djof ls hblmh ~b d` j t`ja dl~ok!“ ~k` ~bm` xjs bm` bg d`lmh `wla

js mbx ~k` sokbba obpanm“~ nb j ~klmh ~b s~b kli dt`jflmh j g`x dbm`s bg ~k` ijlm dpaal`s j~

sokbba- ^kls xjs ~k` ijlm t`jsbm gbt ~k` n`t`sslbm! ~k` dpaa|lmh gtbi ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji-

‑Bf kpm- Kjw` gpm ~bmlhk~! jmn nbm“~ h`~ ntpmf!’ kls ipi t`sbmn`n! ~ptmlmh gtbi ~k`

xbtf bm glmjalslmh ~k` t`bt~ ~b ~k` dbjtn bg J^N_-

K` ~kbphk~! ‛ Ejof`~ bt mb ejof`~2 Ejof`~!“ jmn k` b`m`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- J g`x s~`s

nbxm ~k` j~k a`jnlmh gtbi ~k` kbps` ~b ~k` tbjn! k` ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n djof j~ ~k` kbps`

~klmflmh! ‛ L ~klmf ~kls x``f`mn xlaa d` ~k` s~jt~ bg sbi ~klmh m`x jmn j ab~ bg gpm- L xbmn`t xk|

Sjpa jmn _jmntj lmwl~`n i` ~b ~k` jt~|! ~k`| fmbx L kjw` mb~klmh `w m obi`s oabs` ~b ~k`

oab~k`s ~k`| x`jt-“ K` x`m~ djof ~b gjolmh gbtxjtn jmn s~jt~`n ~k` skbt~ xjaf ~b ~k` dps s~b

k`jnlmh gbt _bp~k O`m~tja 7 Sajuj Dps _~j~lbm-

%%%%%

_j~ lm j alwlmh tbbi xjs j htbp bg gbpt |bpmh `ba`! ~kt`` gìja`s jmn bm` ija` jaa

nt`ss`n lm dajof djhhl`s jmn wjtlbps njtf ~bs jmn ~)sklt~s! jaa bg ~kì kjn abhbs bg djmns

gjibps lm ~k` tbof so`m`- ^k`| x`t` sibflmh pt` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`s jmn ntlmflmh ajth`hajss`s bg Ojdlaaj! j njtf obabpt`n gluu| sbg~ ntlmf- ^k` alwlmh tbbi xjs tbphka| ;i`~t`s xln`

d| <i`~t`s abmh- ^k` gtbm~ bg ~k` tbbi xjs j sal~ fl~ok`m`~~` xl~k j dt`jfgjs~ obi` `j~lmh jt`j



0

s~loflmh bp~ lm~b ~k` tbbi- ^k` tbbi kjn bm ~k` gjt xjaa j obip~`t jt`j! d`sln` xklok xjs jm

b`m glt` ajo` xl~k sijaa gaji`s aloflmh jtbpmn j obpa` bg lò`s bg jaa`~ xbbn- _j~ d`sln`

~k` glt` xjs j la` bg ibt` xbbn- Lm gtbm~ bg ~k` glt` x`t` j obpa` bg jti okjlts- ^k` ija` xjs

sl~~lmh lm ~k` bm` oabs`s~ ~b ijlm s`j~lmh jt`j! xklok obmsls~`n bg ~xb ajth` la`s bg ajth`

opsklbms jmn d`jm djhs jmn ~xb ~kt`` s`j~`t sbgjs- Lm ~k` ilnna` xjs j abx obgg`` ~jda` ^k`

~kt`` gìja`s x`t` sj~ xl~k bm` sl~~lmh bm ~k` sbgj jhjlms~ ~k` xjaa bg ~k` d`ntbbis! ~k` b~k`t

~xb x`t` sj~ bm ~b bg ~k` la` bg opsklbms jhjlms~ ~k` djof xjaa-

‑_jmntj-’ Sjpa abbf`n j~ _jmntj! xkb kjn skbpan`t a`mh~k njtf t`n kjlt-

‑\`s Sjpa!’ _jmntj tàl`n

‑Nb |bp ~klmf Mlof xlaa obi` ~bmlhk~2’

‑L kb` sb! L ~klmf ~bmlhk~ k` glmns bp~ ~kj~ k` kjs j ab~ ibt` gtl`mns ~kjm k` ~kbphk~ k`

kjn-’ ‛ L nb kb` |bp obi` Mlof! a`js` obi`! js `w`m lg |bp jt`m“~ ~k` `tsbm L ~klmf |bp jt`! L

xjm~ ~b skbx |bp j hbbn ~li` d`gbt` |bp a`jw` _ptjdjm-“

‑_b kbx jt` x` hblmh ~b ijf` spt` k` fmbxs xk`t` ~b obi`2’ jsf`n Jds abbflmh j~ k`t-

‑L s`m~ kli jm ìjla xl~k ~k` aboja jt`j ij! dp~ x` jaa fmbx xkj~ 87 ~k _~t``~ ls alf`! jmn

~kj~“s xk`t` |bp ~xb obi` lm ^lmj! Jds-’ _jmntj ~bbf j ntjh gtbi ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn

~ptm`n ~b gjo` ~k` jlt- ‑K` sjln k` xbpan d` jttlwlmh j~ ~k` pd jtbpmn 385?3JM jmn xl~k

xk`t` k` alw`s L xbpan sj| jdbp~ 38543 k`“s hblmh ~b d` h`~~lmh bgg ~k` dps gtbi O`m~tja

nls~tlo~- Djslojaa| |bp ~xb i``~ kli sbi`xk`t` m`jt ~k` dps)s~j~lbm jmn `sobt~ kli ~b ~k` pd-’^lmj ~bbf j ibp~kgpa gtbi ~k` hajss jmn sjln jg~`t ajolmh l~ djof bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda`-

‑Xkj~ ijf`s |bp sb spt` k` xlaa obi` ~bmlhk~6 k`“s alw`n ~k` obtbtj~` alg` gbt jaa kls alg`-

Xkj~ ijf`s |bp ~klmf k`“s hblmh ~b xjm~ ~b s~j| jmn alw` bm ~kls sln` bg ~k` s~t``~-’

‑Hp~ lms~lmo~!’ sk` tàl`n-

^k` gtbm~ nbbt b`m`n jmn lm xjaf`n j htbp bg glw`! ~kt`` gìja`s jmn ~xb ija`s jaa bg

~kì abbflmh jmn jo~lmh lm j kj| ibbn-

Jds ojaa`n! ‑Kl Njtaj! Jmhà! Njil`à- Bk kl Ilf`! Xj|m`! kbx“s ~klmhs xl~k |bp ~xb-’‑D`~~`t!’ tàl`n Xj|m` js k` ~bbf bgg kls a`j~k`t ejof`~ jmn x`m~ ~b kjmh l~ p lm ~k`

obttlnbt ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` d`ntbbis jmn dj~ktbbi- ‑Ilf` ~ban kls gj~k`t jdbp~ i` jmn xjs

a`jsjm~a| spttls`n x`t`m“~ |bp Ilf`-’

‑\`jk! k`“s bf xl~k l~ js abmh js L nbm“~ gajpm~ l~ jtbpmn kli! xklok L nbm“~ js L s`mn

ibt` ~li` j~ ~k` _bp~k O`m~tja _kjtfs Kbi` Djs` ~kjm L nb j~ kbi`- ^kjmfs gbt ~k` lmwl~`-’

‑Kj| |bpt xàobi` ijm!’ tàl`n ^lmj silalmh- ‑\bp s~laa mb~ slhm`n bm ~k` nb~~`n alm`

~k`m-’

‑Mb! L“i xjl~lmh pm~la L“i :; lm j obpa` bg ibm~ks d`gbt` L ijf` ~k` epi- A`~“s eps~

sj| njn ls mb~ alfà| ~b pmn`ts~jmn i| okblo` ~kls ~li`! dp~ j~ ~k` glts~ Hj~k`tlmh gbaabxlmh!



Xj|m` ls hblmh ~b lm~tbnpo` i` jmn ~k`m L ji hblmh ~b obiijmn gbt Djslo ^tjlmlmh xk`m ~k`

_kjtfs kjs ~xb ibt` iìd`ts lm jnnl~lbm ~b i`-’

_jmntj abbf`n j~ ~k` jlt jmn sjx ~k` abw` bg jt~m`ts lm ~k`lt `|`s! sk` sila`n j~ ~k` gjo~

~xb hbbn gtl`mns x`t` hblmh ~b s`mn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`lt alw`s ~bh`~k`t-

‑\bp“aa `meb| ~k` ~klt~``m x``fs- Djslo ^tjlmlmh ls jm jnw`m~pt` jaa bg l~s bxm!’ sjln

Xj|m`-

‑X` skbpan d` k`jnlmh ~b ~k` pd mbx! tììd`t ^bi ls jasb obilmh jmn x` sjln x`

xbpan i``~ kli j~ ~k` pd js xàa js j g`x b~k`ts!’ sjln Sjpa s~jmnlmh p jmn k`jnlmh gbt kls

d`ntbbi sb k` obpan obaa o~ kls ejof`~ jmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh-

_jmntj! Jds jmn ^lmj jaa gbaabx`n kli sb ~k`| ~bb obpan obaaò~ ~k`lt ejof`~s jmn skbpan`t

kbas~`t tlhs gtbi ~k` b~k`t ~xb d`ntbbis-

%%%%%

Mlof ~ptm`n bm ~b ~k` tbjn ~kj~ tjm lm gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps - ^k` tbjn xjs oajsslgl`n js j

sòbmnjt| tbjn xl~k j s``n alil~ bg >3ik! ~k` ijlm tbjns kjn j s``n alil~ bg 03ik dp~

~k`t` x`t` j ab~ bg ~tjgglo alhk~s xklok f`~ sabxlmh ~k` ~tjgglo js b~k`t tbjns eblm`n jmn a`g~- Bm

db~k sln`s bg ~k` tbjns xk t` slmha` `w`ma| sjo`n kba`s lm ~k` jwì`m~ gtbi xklok ht`x

`l~k`t _x``~ Gpnji+Gp)nji, bt Ijtnbskjm+Ijt)nbsk)jm, ~t``s- ^k` kbps`s ~kj~ alm`n ~k` tbjn

bm db~k sln`s abbf`n ~k` sji` js ~k` bm` Mlof kjn eps~ a`g~- _bi` kjn ojts sj~ bp~sln` ~k`

hjtjh`s! b~k`t kbi`s kjn hjtn`m gptml~pt`! sbi` kjn gabx`ts lm sijaa d`ns jtbpmn ~k` `nh` bg

~k` ajxms- Kls kbi` kjn mb~klmh alf` ~kj~ js k` kjn bma| jttlw`n ~`m ibm~ks `jtal`t gtbi M`)P)

Djt-

K` kjn `meb|`n ~k` ~li` k` kjn s`m~ lm M`)P)Djt `sòljaa| ~k` ~li` k` kjn s`m~ xl~k

P~kptj a`jtmlmh ~k` obidj~ gbti bg Ajàat! ~kj~ jmn ~k` ~tjlmlmh k` kjn kjn gtbi Opddjnjt

jmn _`ms`l Kpi` i`jm~ ~kj~ j~ obpan sptwlw` glhk~s jmn kjmn ~k` j~~jof`ts ~k`lt jts`s tj~k`t

~kjm kjw` ~kì kjmn kli kls- L~ xbpan kjw` obi` js j skbof ~b jaa bg ~k` dpaal`s lm ~k` sokbba

~kj~ k` xjs ibt` ~kjm ojjda` bg kjmnalmh ibt` ~kjm bm` j~~jof`t j~ bmo`- K` jasb pmn`ts~bbn l~

xbpan mb~ abbf w`t| hbbn lg k` kjn dtbf`m sbi` dbm`s! js ~k` sokbba ~kbphk~ ~k` spm skbm` bp~

bg ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji“s jts`s- ^kls xjs np` ijsslwà| ~b ~k` ~li` k` kjn s`m~ xl~k Xbmh)Ij

jmn Epi)Gp lm ^`jddjm- ^kj~ `tlbn lm kls alg` xjs ~k` d`s~! ~kbs` ~xb kjn d``m dtlaaljm~ gtl`mns

jmn ~k` ~tjlmlmh _`ms`l Kpi` kjn hlw`m ~kì kjn hlw`m kli j gbpmnlmh lm mb~ bma| ~k` ijt~lja

jt~s dp~ ~k` xbtan bg s~t``~ glhk~lmh- K` gbphk~ ~k` kbmbptjda` obidj~6 bm` bm bm`! mb kbans

djtt`n s~t``~ glhk~lmh! ~kj~“s pm~la ibt` ~kjm bm` glhk~ t hb~ lmwbaw n! ~k`m ~k` wàw`~ habw`s k`xbpan kjw` d``m glhk~lmh lm xbpan obi` bgg jmn hbn kà ~k` j~~jof`ts- K` fm`x ~kj~ k` xjs

ibt` ~kjm ojjda` bg tjiilmh kls gls~ tlhk~ ~ktbphk j kpijm! dp~ k` obm~tbaa`n kls ijsslw`



8

s~t`mh~k ~ktbphk ijt~lja jt~s nlsolalm`- K` kjn jasb mb~lo`n ~kj~ kls k`jtlmh! slhk~ jmn s`ms` bg

siàa x`t` jasb litbwlmh- K` xjs ojjda` ~b s``lmh n`~jla lm ~klmhs j~ j gjt ht`j~`t nls~jmo`

~kjm jm|bm` às`! jmn k` xjs n`gljm~a| t`jo~lmh gjs~`t ~kjm m`jta| `w`t|bm` lmoapnlmh sbi`

tbg`sslbmja _~t``~ Hkbs~s jmn ~k`| kjn ibnlgloj~lbms alf` xlt`n t`ga`{`s-

Js k` xjaf`n p ~k` tbjn ~b ~k` dps s~b k` ojttl`n kls ejof`~! silalmh js k` xjaf`n! ~k`

spm xjs xjti jmn ~k` sf| xjs j alhk~ dap`! bgg ~b ~k` `js~ ~k` sf| xjs h`~~lmh j al~~a` njtf`t js

`w`mlmh nt`x bm- K` t`jok`n ~k` dps)s~b j~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` tbjn xk`t` l~ eblm`n jmb~k`t

sòbmnjt| tbjn ~kj~ k` xjaf`n jabmh `w`t|nj| k` kjn j~~`mn`n sokbba k`t` lm _ptjdjm- Xjl~lmh

j~ ~k` dps)s~b x`t` ~xb xbi`m! db~k bg ~kì xbt` oab~k`s `ba` xbt` xbtflmh gbt ~k`

obtbtj~lbms- ^k` dps)s~b xjs bm` ~kj~ kjn kjn j obw`t jmn j ~kt`` alm` lmgbtij~lbm dbjtn

kjmhlmh gtbi ~k` tbbg- K` abbf`n p j~ ~k` slhm xklok xjs lmnloj~lmh ~k` jttlwja ~li`s gbt ~k`

m`{~ ~kt`` dps`s- Jg~`t abbflmh nbxm ~k` als~! ~k` ajs~ l~ì nlsaj|`n xjs ~k` dps k` xjm~`n- L~

xbpan ~jf` kli ~b _bp~k O`m~tja 7 Sajuj dps s~j~lbm- ^k` jttlwja ~li` lmnloj~`n l~ xjs np` lm

glw` ilmp~`s- ‛ L ~klmf ~bmlhk~ xlaa d` gpm! jmn xkb fmbxs!“ j spd~a` sila` htbxlmh bm kls als-

K` xj~ok`n ~k` ~xb xbi`m s~jmnlmh lm gtbm~ bg kli jmn sjx ~kj~ ~k`| db~k abbf`n alf` ~k`| kjn

eps~ glmlsk`n xbtf gbt ~k` x` f jmn x`t` abbflmh gbtxjtn ~b ~k` x``f`mn bgg- ^k` sòbmn bm`

lm ~k` zp`p` sjx ~k` dps sk` xjm~`n jmn ibw`n bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` skà~`t sb sk` obpan s~lof

k`t kjmn bp~ jmn a`~ ~k` ntlw`t fmbx k` kjn j lof p ~b ijf`- ^k` dps sabx`n jmn s~b`n

tlhk~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k` xbijm- ^k` nbbts b`m`n jaabxlmh k`t bm! sk` jln ~k` dps ntlw`t ~k` obs~bg ~k` ~lof`~ sk` m``n`n jmn ~k` nbbt klss`n oabs`n- J obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t k` sjx ~k` slmha`

nòf`t dps k` xjm~`n- K` ~bb ibw`n gtbi pmn`t ~k` skà~`t jmn s~pof kls tlhk~ kjmn bp~-

^k` ntlw`t sabx`n jmn s~b`n ~k` dps jaibs~ lm gtbm~ bg kli- ^k` nbbts klss`n b`m ~b

jaabx db~k Mlof jmn j sòbmn ijm ~b `m~`t- K` kjn jttlw`n eps~ js ~k` dps sabx`n jmn paa`n p-

K` ntb`n ~k` ~xb nòfs gbt ~k` ~lof`~ lm~b ~k` kb`t! ~k` ijoklm` ~k`m dpuu`n jmn ~k`

~lof`~ j`jt`n bp~ bg ~k` ijoklm`- K` ~bbf ~k` ~lof`~! jg~`t l~ xjs tlm~`n! jmn ibw`n nbxm ~k`

dps ~b j gt`` jlt bg s j~s xk t` k` sj~ sb k` obpan abbf bp~ bg ~k` xlmnbx- ^k` dps xjs bm` bg ~k` s~jmnjtn n`slhms xl~k 0> s`j~s! sjo` gbt :4 `ba` ~b s~jmn bt sl{ `ba` s~jmnlmh jmn ~xb

xk`à okjlts- ^k` lmsln` bg ~k` dps xjs jlm~`n ~k` sji` obabpt js ~k` bp~sln`! j alhk~ ilnmlhk~

dap`! bm ~k` optw` bg ~k` tbbg obilmh nbxm ~b i` ~ ~k` xlmnbxs x`t` wjtlbps bs~`ts

jnw`t~lslmh aboja skbs! s`twlo`s jmn sòlja bgg`ts ~k` dps obijm| kjn bm bgg`t- K` ~bbf bp~

kls nlhl~ja aj|`t“s xltà`ss k`jnkbm`s jmn s~pof bm` lm~b `jok `jt! ~k` aj|`t gbaabx`n jmn k`

t`ss`n ~k` aj| dp~~bm! ~k`m t`ss`n ~k` gbtxjtn dp~~bm pm~la (^b Abw`ts K`jw`m Hl~ks Hb( d|

Njtf A`hlbm- K` fm`x ~kj~ k` xbpan kjw` ~b hb jmn s`` Njtf A`hlbm aj|! k` kjn m`w`t d``m

~b j I`hjDjmn Hlh! jmn Njtf A`hlbm ls bm` bg ~kbs`! bm` bg ~k` dlhh`s~ I`hjDjmns- J~ ~k`

gtbm~ bg ~k` dps bm ~k` dbjtnlmh d`klmn ~k` ntlw`t xjs ~k` tbp~` ~k` dps ~bbf- K` abbf`n j~ ~k`



tbp~` jmn obpm~`n ~k` mpid`t bg s~bs d`gbt` ~k` dps)s~j~lbm jmn sjx ~kj~ k` kjn 40 s~bs js ~k`

dps glts~ x`m~ mbt~k jmn j~ ~k` dbtn`t bg Mbt~k O`m~tja Nls~tlo~ l~ ~ptm`n sbp~k jmn ~k` s~b Mlof

xjm~`n xjs _bp~k O`m~tja _l{ Sajuj Dps)s~j~lbm-

Js ~k` dps k`jn`n bm l~s tbp~` k` abbf`n bp~ bg ~k` xlmnbx j~ ~k` kbps`s! bgglo` dabofs!

jmn ~k` wjtlbps obtbtj~` tpm skbs jmn dbp~lzp`s- K` ~kbphk~! ‛Xjs ~kls mlhk~ jmn jt~| ~k`

s~jt~ bg j m`x jh` lm i| alg - Xlaa L d` lm obm~tba bg i| alg` bt xlaa ~klmhs bw t ~jf` i`2 Xkb

fmbxs! dp~ L d`~ l~ xlaa d` gpm glmnlmh bp~-“

%%%%%

Lm j njtf`m`n jaa`| m`jt ~k` dps)s~j~lbm `{l~ s~bbn ^lmj jmn Jds- ^k`| db~k x`t` xjl~lmh

gbt ~k` dps ojtt|lmh Mlof ~b jttlw`- Jds abbf`n j~ k`t ibdla` jmn sjx ~k` ~li` xjs 38-:;JM-

Jg~`t p~~lmh l~ jxj| sk` ntb`n k`t Oba~jmjt 4)7 Ijoklm` Sls~ba jmn okòf`n ~k` ijhjulm`

jmn ~k` dt`òk- ‑L~ skbpan d` k`t` sbbm-’

‑Hbbn-’ ^lmj xjs ijflmh j blm~ bg kjwlmh k`t ejof`~ b`m salhk~a| jmn ~k` dpah` pmn`t

k`t jti bg ~k` skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh js w`t| bdwlbps ~b ~kbs` xkb abbf`n j~ ~k` jlt-

Js ~k` dps ~kj~ oji` gtbi O`m~tja Ijlm dps)s~j~lbm ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` `m~tjmo` ^lmj sjln!

‑^k`t` l~ ls-’ ^lmj oabsà| abbf`n j~ ~k` dps jmn sjx Mlof xjs s~jmnlmh m`jt ~k` gtbm~ xjl~lmh

gbt ~k` dps ~b s~b- ^lmj oabs`n ~k` ul j dl~ ibt` jmn sklg~`n k`t ^k`jdjm >> K`jw| Jp~bij~lo

sb l~ xjs a`ss bdwlbps- ^lmj sila`n j~ k`t alg` jt~m`t Jds js sk` xj~ok`n ~k` jss`mh`ts `{l~ ~k`

dps s~j~lbm-

%%%%%

Js ~k` dps jtbjok`n _bp~k O`m~tja 7 Sajuj dps)s~j~lbm Mlof s~bbn! t`sslmh ~k` dàa ~b

lmnloj~` sbi`bm` xjm~`n ~b h`~ bgg j~ ~k` m`{~ s~b- K` sjln! ‑^kjmfs ij~`!’ ~b ~k` dps ntlw`t js

k` xjs ~k` ajs~ ~b a`jw` ~k` dps jmn ~k` ntlw`t oabs`n ~k` nbbt paalmh jxj| k`jnlmh gbt ~k` `{l~

jmn l~s m`{~ s~b- K` ~bbf bp~ kls SNP jmn okòf`n ~k` ij _jmntj! ~k` gtl`mn xkb kjn lmwl~`n

kli ~b ~k` jt~| j obpa` bg x``fs `jtal`t! kjn s`m~ kli lm jm ìjla tìlmnlmh kli bg ~k` jt~|-

_k` xjs fmbxm js j Hjmhtà lm sokbba js sk` xbt` dajof bt njtf obabpt`n oab~k`s jmn alhk~`t

~kjm mbtija ijf`p xl~k obm~tjs~lmh njtf jmn tlok obabpts! ijlma| t`ns! dap`s jmn wlba`~s- ^kls

spttls`n kli js jtbpmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` xbtan k` kjn s``m `ba` xkb nt`ss`n lm ~k` sji` xj|

jmn ~k`| ojaa`n ~kìsàw`s Hl~ks-

K` t`ss`n ~k` s~b dp~~bm bm kls Nlhl~ja Saj|`t jmn tìbw`n ~k` `jtkbm`s js k` xjaf`nbp~ bg ~k` jss`mh`t `{l~ bg ~k` dps s~j~lbm jmn ~ptm`n nbxm 87~k _~t``~- ^k` s~t``~ xjs alm`n

xl~k sijaa skbs dàbmhlmh ~b sijaa obijml`s jmn sba` ~tjn`ts ~t|lmh ~b sptwlw` jhjlms~ ~k`



<

ijsslw` dp|lmh jmn sàalmh bx`t bg ~k` I`hjObtbtj~lbms- @w`t| sb bg~`m j skb gtbm~jh` xjs

dbjtn`n p jhjlms~ szpj~~ ts jmn ~k` alf`- ^k` tbjn jmn j|i`m~ bm db~k sln`s bg ~k` s~t``~ x`t`

nlt~|! pmfì~! s~loflmh p ~ktbphk ~k` ~jtijo jmn lm ajo`s sajds x`t` wjtlbps ~t``s- Gtbi

xkj~ k` obpan s`` J~~jtdjt+J~)~jt)djt,! Obiibm Dtj~~lss+Dtj~)~lss, jmn Uptdjtf+Upt)j)djtf,

Bjfs xk`t` ibs~ mpi`tbps- ^k` jwì`m~ jmn tbjn l~sàg xjs glaa`n xl~k b~ kba`s jmn dtbf`m

~jtijo- J obpa` bg ban d`j~ p ojts ntbw` js~ kli k`jnlmh nbxm ~k` tbjn ~b ~k` ijlm s~t``~

~kj~ tjm j~ gbt~| glw` n`ht``s ~b 87~k s~t``~- Ibt` ban jmn d`j~ p ojts x`t` jtf`n bm ~k` sln` bg

~k` tbjns! sbi` kjn `ba` a`jmlmh p jhjlms~ ~kì- K` hp`ss`n ~kj~ ~k` `ba` x`t` sàalmh

sbi` gbti bg laa`hja ntph bt dajof ijtf`~ l~ìs- ^k` obm~tjs~ d`~x``m ~k` ~xb Nls~tlo~s kl~ kli

kjtn6 k` kjn s``m sapis lm b~k`t ol~l`s! dp~ m`w`t ~kls oabs` ~b ijlm hbw`tmi`m~ja nls~tlo~s- ^k`

dps tln` tpmmlmh nbxm gtbi ~k` mbt~k bg O`m~tja m`jta| ~k` m~lt` tln` xjs ~ktbphk Obtbtj~`

@moajw`s- Js ~k` dps jtbjok`n ~k` dbtn`ts ~k` nlgg`t`mo` lm ~k` obmnl~lbm bg ~k` kbpslmh!

jjt~i`m~ dabofs jmn ~`mì`m~ dplanlmhs sabxa| okjmh`n gtbi d`lmh tls~lm` bm ~k` `moajw`s ~b

ibt` tpm nbxm jmn nlajlnj~`n-

Js k` xjaf`n nbxm ~k` tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm tbjn k` m`l~k`t abbf`n j~ ~k` `ba` bt nln

k` s`mn ~li` xbmn`tlmh jdbp~ ~kì- Kls s`ms`s x`t` j~ j w`t| ipok k`lhk~`m`n a`wà js k`

xjm~`n ~b d` jda` ~b t`jo~ ~b j ~kt`j~ d`gbt` ~kj~ ~kt`j~ dòji` j tbdaì- Kls ajm skbpan l~

kj`m xbpan d` ~b s~b! gjo` ~k` tbdaì jmn `ggò~lwà| s~jt` ~k` `tsbm nbxm! pslmh kls

oa`mok`n gls~s js j slhmja ~kj~ k` xjs t`jn| ~b glhk~-

^lmj abbf`n j~ kbx Mlof kàn klisàg! ~klmflmh! ‛ L xbmn`t jdbp~ Mlof“s pdtlmhlmh- K`

abbfs alf` k` fmbxs kbx ~b glhk~- Lm~`t`s~lmh- L xbmn`t xkj~ às` x` nbm“~ fmbx jdbp~ |bp Mlof-

L ~klmf _jmntj“s ln`j bg lmwl~lmh |bp ~b eblm ij| jm bp~ d`~~`t ~kjm x` lml~ljaa| ~kbphk~-“

Glg~| i`~t`s gtbi ~k` `{l~ k` dpi`n lm~b ~xb hltas k` kjn s``m kjmhlmh jtbpmn xl~k Sjpa

jmn _jmntj- Mlof abbf`n j~ ~k` jlt s``lmh ~kj~ ~k` a`g~ bm` xjs x`jtlmh dajof djhhl`s jmn j ~)sklt~ xl~k j xbag“s k`jn jmn ~k` xbtns Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh- Bw`t ~k` ~b xjs j a`j~k`t ejof`~!

~k` ul xjs eps~ bw`t j ~kltn bg ~k` xj| oabs`n- K`t gjo` xjs bwja lm skj` dp~ sk` kjn gtl`mna|

kjuà `|`s jmn j a`jsjm~ sila`! k`t kjlt xjs skbpan`t a`mh~k jmn dtbxm- _k` sjln! ‑Kl! L“i

^lmj jmn ~kls ls Jds- _jmntj jsf`n ps ~b i``~ |bp js sk` ls xjl~lmh gbt j obpa` bg b~k`t `ba`

~b jttlw` j~ j aboja pd-’ K` k`jtn j ija` sbpmnlmh wblo`! mb~ j gìja` bm` js xbpan ~k` oab~k`s

jmn ~k` jlt bg dt`js~s xbpan lmnloj~`-

Jds xjs x`jtlmh j slilajt jlt bg djhhl`s! j Njtf A`hlbm ~b jmn alf` ^lmj j a`j~k`t

ejof`~ `{o`~ Jds kjn ~xb dp~~bms nbm` p- K`t kjlt xjs ij~~ dajof jmn aj~~`n jaa ~k` xj| ~b

k`t xjls~- ^k`| x`t` db~k x`jtlmh j slilajt s~|a` bpok`s bm ~k`lt a`g~ kls-



Js ~k` ~kt`` xjaf`n! k` abbf`n j al~~a` ibt` oabsà| j~ ~k` jlt jmn `w`m ~kbphk ~k`| db~k

x`t` x`jtlmh a`j~k`t ejof`~s k` sxbt` ~k`| db~k kjn dpnh`s eps~ pmn`t ~k`lt a`g~ jti l~s jmn

~k` tlhk~ kjmn sln` kjn slilajt apis-

%%%%%

Jg~`t xjaflmh jmn sijaa ~jaflmh xl~k ~k` jlt ~k`| jttlw`n j~ j s`~ bg s~jlts a`jnlmh nbxm

~b ~k` djsì`m~ bg jm ban ~`mì`m~ dabof dpla~ bg dtlofs jmn ibt~jt- ^k` xlmnbx gtji`s x`t`

bg ~k` m`x ij~`tljas ~bphk`m`n `mwltbmi`m~ t`sls~jm~ ajs~lo6 xklok i`jm~ lm ibs~ `ba`“s

dbbfs! l~ xjs hbbn j~ f` lmh bp~ ~k` x`j~k`t! dp~ p~~`ta| otj j~ f``lmh bp~ dpaa`~s jmn

sktjmà gtbi ht`mjn`s jmn slilajt- ^k` dabof s~laa kjn jaa l~s xlmnbxs lm~jo~ jmn abbf`n js lg l~

xjs d`lmh abbf`n jg~`t d| ~k` lmkjdl~jm~s js ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! xklok xjs p ~xb s~`s! kjn j gt`sk

obj~ bg jlm~ bm jmn ~k` xjaas x`t` xkl~` xjsk`n- Jmn ~k` tjlalmhs ~kj~ tb~ò~`n ~k` s~`s nbxm

jasb kjn j gt`sk obj~ bg jlm~ jmn abbf`n m`xlsk obijt`n ~b ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` i`~ja xbtf lm ~k`

jt`j-

‑K`t` x` jt`!’ sjln ^lmj ~ptmlmh nbxm ~k` s~`s k`jnlmh lm~b ~k` djsì`m~ bg ~k`

~`mì`m~ dabof-

K` ~k`m Jds gbaabx`n ^lmj nbxm ~k` ~`m obmot`~` s~`s xklok a`n ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt bg ~k`

pd- k` nbbt xjs jlm~`n t`n jmn kjn sijaa xlmnbxs jok sln - ^lmj b`m`n ~k` nbbt! jmn

s~``n lmsln`- Lmsln` ^lmj kàn ~k` nbbt b`m gbt db~k kli jmn Jds ~b `m~`t-

Pbm `m~`tlmh k` sjx _jmntj jmn Sjpa sl~~lmh j~ bm` bg ~k` ~jda`s jabmh xl~k `lhk~ ibt`

`ba ! sbi` k` kjn s``m kjmhlmh jtbpmn xl~k ~k` Sjpa jmn _jmntj- ^k` xjaas bg ~k` ijlm ~j

tbbi x`t` alm`n xl~k xkj~ abbf`n alf` Btjfj jmàs! dp~! gtbi ~k` m`lhkdbptkbbn! l~ xjs alfà|

gjf` bt ajilmj~`n- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` gl{~pt`s! xklok x`t` ijn` gtbi mj~ptja xbbn! ~ptm`n l~ gtbi

jm pmn`thtbpmn djt lm~b jm ban s~|a` pd bg ~k` iln :<33JI+Jg~`t I`~`btl~`,- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k`

oal`m~ja abbf`n alf` hbbn `ba`- Ibs~ bg ~kì f`~ ~b ~kìsàw`s zpl`~a| okj~~lmh jxj| jdbp~

alg`! abw`s jmn xbtf-

^k` ~kt`` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` djt xk`t` k` btn`t`n j lm~ j Ojg`ttjs6 jm jaobkbalo ntlmf

~kj~ btlhlmj~`n gtbi ~k` obpm~t| bg @djm- ^lmj jmn Jds ~k`m btn`t`n j lm~ bg Ojdlaaj! `jok-

_~jmnlmh j~ ~k` djt k` xj~ok`n ~k` djtijm bpt ~k` ~kt`` ntlmfs- K` abbf`n kj| ~b d`

xbtflmh d`klmn ~k` djt s`twlmh ops~bi`ts- K` ~kbphk~ k` fm`x xk|! jmn gtbi ~k` xj| ~k`

`ba ! xkb ps`n ~k` djt! abbf`n l~ xjsm“~ ~k` mbtija bm` bg ‛J~ a`js~ L kjw` j ebd jmn jm

`jtmlmh j al~~a` ibm`|“ l~ xjs bm` bg ibt` h`m`tja kjlm`ss j~ d`lmh ~k`t`! ijflmh spt` gtl`mns

jmn ~k` ops~bi`ts kjn j hbbn s`twlo`-^k` djtijm ajo`n kls Ojg`ttjs bm ~k` djt jsflmh! ‑^kt`` nòfs! a`js`2’

K` kjmn`n ~k` djtijm ~kt`` nòf oblms! lof`n p ~k` hajss jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ~k` htbp



::

k` xjs i``~lmh d`gbt` hblmh ~b ~k` ijlm jt~|- ^k`| xk`t` sj~ j g`x g``~ jxj| lm ~k` ilnna` bg

~k` ~jtbbi-

K` sjx ^bi sl~~lmh xl~k ~k` gtl`mns gtbi sokbba- K` xjs kj| j~ ~k` gjo~ ^bi kjn obi`

js k` fm`x gtbi s~btl`s k` kjn bw`tk`jtn ^bi kjn d``m ~k` ijlm ~jth`~ gbt ~k` dpaal`s slmo`

~k`| kjn jttlw`n j~ ~k` sokbba ~xb |`jts `jtal`t- ^bi xjsm“~ dlh lm slu`! dp~ k` fm`x ^bi kjn

jm lm~àaò~ ~kj~ g`x `ba` t`jals`n k` kjn-

Jg~`t ~jflmh j ibp~kgpa bg ajh`t! ^bi abbf`n p kj| j~ ~k` gjo~ k` kjn d``m jda` ~b glmn

~k` djt jmn kjn ijn` l~ lm bm` lò`- ^bi ojaa`n! ‑K`| Mlof-’

K` jtbjok`n ~k` htbp ojtt|lmh kls hajss! k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx j sjt` xbbn`m

okjlt pmn`t jm ì~| ~jda` m`jtd| jmn htjdd`n l~- K` ibw`n ~k` okjlt sb l~ xjs oabs` ~b ~k`

htbp! sl~~lmh nbxm jg~`t j obpa` bg ~k` `ba` kjn ijn` tbbi lm ~k` oltoa`- K` ajo`n ~k`

hajss nbxm bm ~k` ~jda` jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ^bi- ‑Kl ^bi! hbbn ~b s`` |bp k`t`- J~ a`js~ L“i

mb~ ~k` bma| `tsbm bp~ bg ajo`- Jm|xj| L ~kbphk~ |bp x`t`m“~ hblmh ~b ijf` l~2’

‑Mb- L p~ i| gbb~ nbxm jmn xjaf`n bp~- L m``n`n j jt~| ~b oà`dtj~` ~k` ajs~ `{ji jmn

mb~ kjwlmh ~b hb djof jg~`t L hlw` ~k` dbbfs L dbttbx`n djof! xklok L“aa nb bm Ibtb~k-’

Sjpa abbf`n j~ xk`t` Mlof xjs sl~~lmh sj|lmh! ‑Kàab Mlof! l~“s hbbn ~b s`` |bp ijn` ~k`

jt~|-’

‑\`jk kl Mlofl-’ _jmntj ~ptm`n silalmh! xl~k db~k k`t ibp~k jmn `|`s! ~b abbf j~ kli!

sj|lmh xk`m ^lmj jmn Jds kjn jtbjok`n ojtt|lmh ~k`lt hajss`s bg Ojdlaaj! ‑Kl |bp ~xb-’K` k`jtn _jmntj sj|! ‛Mlofl“! dp~ nòln`n ~b ijf` mb~klmh bg l~! sktphhlmh kls skbpan`ts-

K` ~k`m ~bbf ~k` hajss! ntpmf j ibp~kgpa jmn `mn`n p xl~k j xkl~` alm` bg ~k` gtb~k jotbss ~k`

~b bg kls ibp~k- Xklok k` xl`n jxj| xl~k ~k` djof bg kls kjmn-

‑Kl _jmntj!’ db~k Jds jmn ^lmj t`sbmn`n- ^k`| jasb eblm`n kli lm htjddlmh ~xb okjlts

jmn sl~~lmh nbxm-

%%%%%



Okj~`t 4

Jg~`t j g`x ntlmfs kjn d``m dbphk~ jmn obmspi`n- Sjpa s~bbn sj|lmh ~b ~k` htbp! ‑_kjaa

x` k`jn djof ~b Kbi` Djs`-’

_jmntj abbf`n j~ Mlof js k` s~bbn! ajolmh ~k` okjlt djof gtbi xk`t` sk` kjn ~jf`m l~

gtbi- ‛ Mlofl! L sb xjm~ ~kls x``f`mn ~b d` sòlja! gbt |bp ~b ìdtjo` ~k` b~k`t sln` bg |bpt

`tsbmjal~|! jmn jasb eblm ps ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh pml~-“

Sjpa a`n ~k` htbp xklok obmsls~`n bg Mlof! Jds! ^lmj! _jmntj! Sjpa! ^bi! Mjmo|! jmn

Ebmj~kjm bp~ ~k` djof xj| jmn nbxm ~k` djof jaa`|xj|s-

Mlof fm`x _bp~k O`m~tja xjs oajsslgl`n js j kjdl~jda` nls~tlo~ d| ~k` ol~| obpmola! dp~ ~k`

abbf bg ~k` ajo` k` fm`x ~k` t`ja ~tp~k! l~ xjs j sapi! jmn jasb pmn`ts~bbn xk|- ^k` Ol~| bt

_pttj“s hbw`tmi`m~ nlnm“~ kjw` ~k` gpmns ~b nb jm|~klmh jdbp~ okjmhlmh ~kj~ oajsslgloj~lbm- Js

~k` htbp xjaf`n k` abbf`n jtbpmn j~ ~k` s~j~` bg ~k` jaa`|s jmn djofs~t``~s! k` d`hjm ~b xbmn`t

jdbp~ ~k` `m~lt` obtbtj~lbm jmn hbw`tmi`m~ja s|s~ì jmn ~k` gjo~ l~ bma| s`ì`n ~b s`tw` ~k`

tlok jmn lm sbi` ajo`s ~kbs` lm ìab|i`m~ jmn mb~ ~kbs` bp~ bg xbtf xl~k al~~a` kb` bg

h`~~lmh j ebd-

Ibs~ bg npis~`ts jmn xk`àl` dlms x`t` bw`tgabxlmh xl~k tpddlsk- @w`m ~kbphk d| ~kls

~li` ~k` alhk~ xjs gjnlmh jmn xbpan d` hbm` lm jm kbpt bt sb! k` sjx ~k` sijaa nji sb~s lm~k` njtf`m`n obtm`ts- Sjpa xjs s~laa a`jnlmh ~k` htbp js ~k`| otbss`n j aboja sijaa lò` bg

jtfajmn! lm xklok xjs j g`x d`j~ p ban sxlmhs jmn j saln`- Jabmh ~k` mbt~k jmn x`s~ sln` xjs

j alm` bg _law`t N`ltlnlm`+N`t)j)nlm`, ~t``s-

^k` obmw`tsj~lbm il{`n xl~k ajphk~`t xjs jdbp~ sokbba! alg` jmn ~kbs` xkb n`s`tw`n j

hbbn d`j~lmh- ^k` xjaf ~bbf glg~``m ilmp~`s jmn nptlmh l~ k` jmn ^bi x`t` xjaflmh eps~ d`klmn

Ebmj~kjm! xkb k` ~bbf j w`t| oabs` abbf j~ kls jtil~s jmn ~k` ~xb apis aboj~`n ~k`t`- Js k`

abbf`n j~ kls djof k` tòbhmlu`n j skbpan`t kbas~`t s`~p gtbi ~k` bp~alm` k` obpan s`` pmn`t j

~lhk~lsk a`j~k`t ejof`~- K` ~k`m fm`x ~kj~ j~ a`js~ ~kt`` jmn ibt` ~kjm alfà| jaa ~k` Hjmhtàs

xk`t` jti`n xl~k j~ a`js~ ls~bas jmn ibt` ~kjm alfà| obidj~ fmlw`s- K` jasb d`hjm ~b xbmn`t!

‛Xkj~ lg ~k` Hjmhtàs jt`m“~ eps~ ~k` mji` ~k`| ps` ~b ijf` ~kì s~jmn bp~ gtbi ~k` t`s~! L

xbmn`t lg ~k` Hjmhtà- Kjmh bm! xkj~ xjs xtl~~`m jdbw` ~k` xbag“s k`jn! Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh-

Dabbn| Kàa! xk| ~k` gpof nlnm“~ L hp`ss d`gbt`- Jaa ~k` Hjmhtàs j~ sokbba jt` iìd`ts! ~k`|

ips~ d`- Lg ~k`| dàbmh ~b j hjmh! ~k`m ~k`| jasb dàbmh ~b ~k` Hl~k Obiipml~| js xàa- Lnlb~- “

Sjpa a`n ~k` htbp bp~ bg j gbb~j~k ~kj~ almf`n ~k` jtfajmn xl~k j ilmbt tbjn bm xklok

xjs ~k` Sjpa jmn _jmntj“s kbi`- K` abbf`n db~k xj|s jmn sjx ~k` s~t``~! ibt` alf` j nlt~ ~tjof

~kjm jm jo~pja tbjn! js lm ajo`s ~k` ~jtijo kjn hbm` jmn ~k` htbpmn skbx`n ~ktbphk jmn lm



:?

b~k`t ajo`s x`t` b~kba`s- ^k` kbps`s x`t` jaa slmha` s~bt`| jggjlts xl~k otbss xj|s xkl~` gjolj

dbjtnlmh- J ab~ bg ~k` kbps`s kjn dtbf`m xlmnbxs bt ~k`| kjn d` m dbjtn`n p- _bi` kjn jm

pmn`thtbpmn hjtjh`- _bi` kjn j~~lo xlmnbxs! xklok mbtijaa| i`jm~ ~k`| kjn j~~lo tbbis- J

g`x `w`m abbf`n dptm~ bp~- ^k` jt`js d`~x``m ~k` kbps`s jmn ~k` jwì`m~s! kjn ab~s bg tpddlsk

jmn l~ìs xklok obpan d` tò|oa`n lg `ba` kjn ~k` sflaas ~b nb sb- _bi` ~k` ajth`t l~ìs kjn

d``m jttjmh`n ~b obms~tpo~ ijf`sklg~ gbt~lgloj~lbms ~kj~ k` ~kbphk~ ~k` aboja oklant`m aj|`n

jtbpmn- K` ~ptm`n xl~k ~k` htbp jmn xjaf`n nbxm ~k` tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` kbps`-

K` ~k`m sjx ~k` kbps` xjs slilajt ~b ~k` t`s~ `{o`~ ~kj~ l~ xjs jlm~`n t`n jmn ~k` jt`j lm

gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps` xjs ~b~jaa| obw`t`n lm obmot`~`- _~loflmh bp~ gtbi ~k` ijlm kbps` xjs jm

`{~`mslbm xl~k j sijaa xlmnbx! j abmh opt~jlm`n xlmnbx tjm nbxm ~k` sln` bg ~k` kbps` j g`x

g``~ gtbi ~k` xjaa xjs ~k` g`mo` alm` xl~k ~k` m`lhkdbptlmh kbps`- Lm gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps` jmn

`{~`mslbm x`t` j obpa` bg ib~btdlf`s s~jmnlmh bm ~k`lt ijlm s~jmns! db~k bg ~kì kjn dl~“s bg

~k`lt `mhlm`s ilsslmh xklok xjs s~t`xm jtbpmn ~k` dlf`s- Jasb s~bbn bm ~k` obmot`~` xjs jm ban

gbpt nbbt gjila| ojt! tjls`n bm gbpt s~jofs bg dtlofs! db~k ~k` t`jt nbbts x`t` ilsslmh js xjs ~k`

dbmm ~- ^k s` x`t` s~bbn p jhjlms~ ~k` gtbm~ bg j kbps - L~s ~|t`s x`t` s~bbn lm j s~jof d`~x``m

~k` ojt jmn ~k` kbps`- K` sjx j xlmnbx ~kj~ tjm gtbi ~k` obtm`t ~b ~k` `{~`mslbm! xklok

jaabx`n alhk~ lm~b ~k` djsì`m~-

Sjpa ~ptm`n nbxm ~k` ntlw`xj| xklok k`jn`n nbxm jmn xjs d`~x``m ~k` ~xb xlmhs! ~k`

a`g~ kjmn xlmh xjs ajth`t ~kjm ~k` tlhk~ kjmn bm`- Js k` ~ptm`n ~k` obtm`t jmn sjx ~`m wjtlbpsib~btdlf`s jmn ib~bt)~tlf`s! sj~ bp~sln` ~k` oabs`n hjtjh` nbbts- Sjpa k`jn`n gbt sbi` s~`s p

~b j sijaa w`tjmnj lm gtbm~ bg ~k` gtbm~ nbbt-

Js _jmntj xjs d`klmn kli jmn ^bi! k` s~``n ~b a`g~ kjmn sln` jmn ^bi s~b`n ~b

jaabx _jmntj p ~k` s~`s d`gbt` ~kì- _k` s~b`n j~ ~k` ~b jmn ~ptm`n ~b abbf j~ kli jmn

^bi js ~k`| oji` p ~k` s~`s-

^bi ibw`n ~b gbaabx _jmntj p ~k` s~`s glts~- _~`lmh jtbpmn k`t j~ ~k` ~b bg ~k` s~`s

k` s~bbn j~ ~k` db~~bi gbt j obpa` bg sòbmns ~b abbf j~ ~k` wjtlbps ib~btdlf`s! xlsklmh k` xjs:; mbx! jmn oalid`n ~k` s~`s- K` sjx _jmntj xjl~lmh lm gtbm~ bg ~k` nbbt lm-

Js k` t`jok`n ~k` w`tjmnj _jmntj jsf`n! ‑Xk| jt` |bp k`t` Mlofl2’

K` s~b`n lm gtbm~ bg k`t! sk` kjn k`t k`jn obof`n ~b bm` slu` js lg sk` x`t` slulmh kli

p- ‑L~“s d`~~`t ~kjm d`lmh j~ kbi` xjl~lmh ~b d` ~ban ~b jof jhjlm jmn L“w` eps~ glmlsk`n i|

`{jis ~bnj|- Obi` bm! |bp lmwl~`n i` _jmntj- Nbm“~ |bp tììd`t ~k` ìjla |bp s`m~

obmo`tmlmh ~k` jt~| jmn `jtal`t ~kls x``f |bpts jmn Sjpa“s `tsbmja lmwl~` j obpa` bg x``fs

jhb-’

‑\`jk L nb tììd`t- L ji spttls`n |bp oji`! js |bp nlnm“~ s~tlf` i` js ~k` ~|` ~b

`meb| jaa mlhk~ jt~l`s-’



‑L nb sbi`~li`s! dp~ L kjw` ~b fmbx ~k` `ba` xkb jt` hblmh bt bthjmlslmh l~-’

_jmntj ~ptm`n jmn a`n kli lm~b ~k` kbps`- ^k` b`m gtbm~ nbbt abbf`n bm~b ~k` alwlmh

tbbi)opi)b`m)ajm fl~ok`m- Jaa ~k` xjaas x`t` j alhk~ t`n xl~k lmnlhb dbtn`ts jmn nbbts! bm

~k` gabbt xjs j tlok pta` ojt`~- Jabmh ~k` djof xjaa xjs jm b`m glt` ajo` xl~k j hbbn slu`n

glt` dptmlmh jmn j ajth` sot``m xklok kjn j~~`tms ~kj~ okjmh`n lm ~li` xl~k ~k` ipslo xklok

xjs aj|lmh gtbi klnn`m s`jf`ts- ^k` fl~ok`m xjs sal~ lm~b bm` sò~lbm xl~k ~k` xjsklmh)p

slmf lm j ajth` jaobw` ~b ~k` a`g~ bg ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! ~k` b~k`t sò~lbm xl~k ~k` obbf`t jmn

ilotbxjw` xjs s~tjlhk~ jk`jn bg ~k` nbbt- _~loflmh bp~ gtbi ~k` xjaa bbsl~` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt

xjs j dt`jfgjs~ djt xl~k j g`x s`j~s ~pof`n pmn`t l~- Eps~ tbpmn ~k` obtm`t gtbi ~k` gtbm~ nbbt

xjs jmb~k`t nbbt xklok k` hp`ss`n ilhk~ a`jn ~b ~k` d`ntbbis- Js k` xjaf`n lm! k` sià~ ~k`

~kt`` nlgg`t`m~ lmo`ms` s~lofs x`t` d`lmh dptm~- Ojmna`s lm kban`ts x`t` dptmlmh! jmn hjw` ~k`

tbbi j t`jaa| tàj{`n j~ibsk`t`- Js k` dt`j~k` lm ~k` siàas jmn ~k` jlt lmsln` ~k` kbps` k`

d`hlm ~b tàj{-

Jat`jn| t`s`m~ x`t` glg~``m `ba` ibs~ k` kjnm“~ s``m jtbpmn ~k` sokbba! dp~ ~k`| jaa

x`t` x`jtlmh ~k` sji` ~|` bg oab~k`s js Sjpa! _jmntj jmn ~k` b~k`ts! jaa bg ~kì sl~~lmh bm

opsklbms! d`jm djhs! bt abx)djof`n obig| jtiokjlts jmn sbgjs- ^k` jnnl~lbm bg ~k` m`x jttlwjas

~k` alwlmh tbbi xjs jdbp~ gpaa xl~k bp~ kjwlmh sjo` lssp`s- ^k` bma| ~xb mb~ nt`ss`n lm

~tjnl~lbmja Hl~k oab~klmh x`t` ^bi jmn klisàg- ^bi xjs nt`ss`n lm njtf dap` e`jms jmn j t`n

^)sklt~- Sjpa ~bbf kls jmn _jmntj“s ejof`~ jabmh xl~k k`t skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh- Sjpa ~ptm`n! jmn

k`jn`n gbt ~k` b~k`t nbbt! k` nlsj`jt`n ~ktbphk l~-

_jmntj xjaf`n ~b ~k` fl~ok`m`~~`! xk`t` ~k` slmf xjs! jmn hb~ k`tsàg jm b`m db~~a` bg

Ojdlaaj gtbi ~k` gtlnh` jmn ~xb hajss`s gtbi ~k` ntjlmlmh dbjtn d`sln` ~k` slmf- Jg~`t sk` kjn

bpt`n bp~ ~xb hajss`s sk` p~ ~k` db~~a` djof lm ~k` gtlnh`- _k` ajo`n ~k` ~xb hajss s nbxm bm

~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt! paalmh j s~bba bp~ jmn sl~~lmh nbxm-

K` ibw`n ~b s~jmn bm ~k` alwlmh tbbi sln` bg ~k` djt ~jflmh j ibp~kgpa bg Ojdlaaj jg~`t

_jmntj kjn jss`n kli kls! kls litbw`n k`jtlmh `jsla| k`jtlmh ~k` wjtlbps obmw`tsj~lbms- K`

lof`n bp~ ^bi“s obmw`tsj~lbm jmn l~ sbpmn`n alf` k` xjs `meb|lmh kli s ag- K` ~bbf j s obmn

ibp~kgpa bg Ojdlaaj! j ntlmf k` alf`n- K` xj~ok`n _jmntj ~klmflmh! ‛ Jt` |bp ~k` bm` tsbm

`w`t|bm` abbfs gbt! ~k` `tgò~ ij~ok- L ~klmf L mbx pmn`ts~jmn xkj~ i| alg` kjs d``m a`jnlmh

~b- \bp fmbx mb~klmh jdbp~ i` jmn |`~ L g`à js lg |bp fmbx i`-“ ^k` g`àlmh bg xjti~k jmn

gtl`mnskl k` xjs g`àlmh obilmh gtbi ~k` xkba` tbbi xjs alf` mb~klmh k` kjn `w`t| gà~

d`gbt - ^k` oabs`s~ g` almh k` obpan tììd`t xjs ~k` gtl`mnskl k` kjn kjn xl~k Epi)Gp jmn

Xbmh)Ij jaa ~kbs` |`jts jhb- ‛ L kb` ~kbs` ~xb s~laa xjm~ ~b d` gtl`mns-“ K` kl~ klisàg

lm~`tmjaa|- ‛Xk| nlnm“~ L f`` lm obm~jo~ xl~k i| gtl`mns-“_jmntj b`m`n ~k` bpok bm k`t a`g~ kjmn sln` tìbwlmh gtbi l~ j sijaa j~jt! alhk~`t jmn

j ~xb bmo` ~lm- ^k` siàa gtbi ~k` ~lm jg~`t _jmntj kjn b`m`n l~ xjs a`jsjm~! mb~ pmalf` bm` bg



:0

~k` siàas lm ~k` tbbi- _jmntj ~bbf j sijaa jibpm~ bg ~k` ntl`n ht``m ajm~ l~ obm~jlm`n! ~`jtlmh

l~ p d`gbt` ajolmh l~ lm ~k` ajth` b`m `mn bg ~k` j~jt- _k` ~k`m ~bbf ~k` alhk~`t alhk~lmh l~ jmn

ajo`n ~k` sijaa `mn jhjlms~ k t als- _k` nt`x jlt ~ktbphk ~k` l` xklok nt x ~k` gaji` gtbi

~k` alhk~`t lm~b ~k` dbxa bg ~k` l`- Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns! sk` ~k`m kàn k`t dt`j~k!

`{kjalmh sabxa|-

‑\`jk! L ~jf` `ba` js L s`` ~kì! mb~ xkj~ ~k`| abbf alf` jmn lm db~k bg |bp L s`` `ba`

xkb jt` ab|ja ~b ~k`lt wl`xs bm alg`- L fmbx kbx |bp oji` ~b d` j~ ~k` sokbba- \bpt gjila| nl`n

lm K`ja~k jmn _jg`~| jooln`m~ ~kt`` |`jts jhb! ~k` obi`msj~lbm jxjtn ~b |bp d| ~k` obijm|

gbt mb~ tb~ò~lmh ~k` k`ja~k jmn sjg`~| bg ~k`lt obm~tjo~bts lmoapn`n sokbbalmh pm~la ~k` `mn bg

obaa`h`-’ K` abbf`n j~ ~k` j~jt jmn sjx ~k` ~b bg ~k` ajth` dbxa xjs obw`t`n lm xkl~` jsk-

_jmntj ~bbf ~k` j~jt djof jmn ~bbf j sòbmn lmkja` jmn alf` d`gbt` sk` kàn k`t dt`j~k!

`{kjalmh sabxa|! _jmntj abbf`n lm~b ~k` dbxa jmn ~j`n ~k` j~jt jhjlms~ k`t alhk~`t-

_jmntj ~bbf jmb~k`t ntjx bm ~k` j~jt jmn jhjlm kàn k`t dt`j~k- Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns sk`

`{kja`n j s~t`ji bg sibf` lm~b ~k` jlt jdbw` k`t-

‑Kbx obi` |bp fmbx ~kj~2’ jsf`n Sjpa! ‑jmn ~kj~“s dpaaskl~! l~ x`t`m“~ K`ja~k jmn _jg`~|

jooln`m~! x`“aa ~àa |bp j~ sbi` blm~ xkj~ x` x`t` ~ban kj`m`n d| gtl`mns bg bpt jt`m~s-’

K` ~ptm`n ~b gjo` Sjpa xkb xjs sj~ bg ~k` jti bg ~k` oabs`s~ sbgj- ‑L nln sbi` t`s`jtok

lm~b ~k` ~xb bg |bp- J al~~a` djofhtbpmn m`xs jtoklw` t`s`jtok! jmn xkj~ L ~ban |bp ls jaa L

fmbx! dp~ L nbm“~ ojt` jdbp~ ~kj~- L s`` lm db~k bg |bp j ab|ja~| ~b `ba` xkb |bp ojaa gtl`mns!jmn bw`t ~k` ajs~ mlm` ibm~ks L“w` htbxm ~b t`sò~ ~k` db~k bg |bp lm ijm| xj|s-’ K` ~bbf kls

hajss jmn ~bbf j ibp~kgpa! obm~lmplmh jg~`t sxjaabxlmh ~k` alzpln- ‑@w`m ~kbphk |bp x`t`

jaibs~ m`w`t lm sokbba! ~k` ~li`s |bp x`t` |bp skbx`n ^bi jmn L t`sò~ jmn xkj~ L obpm~`n

js gtl`mnskl- @sòljaa| |bp! Sjpa! xk`m |bp p~ ~kj~ al~~a` ~x`t ~lhk~)`mn bm ~k` gabbt gbt

hlwlmh i` j n`jn jti-’

^k` h`m~ sj~ d`sln` Sjpa ~ptm`n jmn bgg`t`n j olhjt`~~` alf` bdeò~ ~b Sjpa jabmh xl~k j

alhk~`t- Sjpa joo`~`n l~! ~k`m ajo`n l~ lm kls ibp~k jmn al~ l~- Xk`m k` kjn `{kja`n ~k` sibf`~jf`m gtbi ~k` ntjx! k` sjln! ‑^kj~ xjs mb~klmh Mlof- ^k` ~xj~ n`s`tw`n l~6 k` kjn kl~ pbm

Jds jmn _jmntj jmn kjn dòbi` j mplsjmo` ~b db~k bg ~kì js xàa-’

K` ~ptm`n djof ~b gjo` _jmntj- ‑Jmn |bp _jmntj! xk`m L abbf j~ |bp L s`` gtl`mna| `|`s

jmn |bp jaxj|s x`jt j sila` xk`m |bp s`` i`-’

‑^kjmf |bp Mlofl- Bk! xjs l~ |bp ~kj~ ìjla`n i` jmn Sjpa ~k` mb~`s gtbi ~k` aò~pt`s

x` ilss`n2’ sk` jsf`n xl~k j zpluuloja abbf bm k`t gjo`-

K` k`jtn ~k` mji` Mlofl jhjlm jmn xl~kbp~ fmbxlmh xkj~ ~k` b~k`t mji`s x`t`! k`

jsspi`n l~ xjs jli`n j~ kli- ‛Bf! ~kj~“s ~xlo`- Kbx xbpan |bp fmbx ~kj~“s ~k` mji` L ps`

xk`m nt`sslmh- L m`w`t okj~~`n ~b j t`ja hlta ojaa`n _jmntj lm ~k` \bpmh tjmsh`mn`t`n okj~



tbbis L ps`-“

‑\`s l~ xjs-’ K` abbf`n jxj| g`àlmh kls ok``fs ~ptmlmh x`t` k`j~lmh p-

‑^kjmf |bp Mlofl-’

‑Bf! xkj~“s ~kls xl~k Mlofl2’ Js ~kj~ xjs ~k` ~kltn ~li` k` kjn k`jtn ‛Mlofl“- Mbx k`

eps~ xjm~`n ~b glmn bp~ xk|2

‑_btt|! ~k` glts~ ~li` L sjx |bp xjaflmh ~b ~k` gjt ~jda` lm ~k` ojm~``m L sjx sbi`bm` xkb

xjs nbxm! dp~ mb~ ~k` mbtija nbxm bg sokbba alg` bt ~k` dpaa|lmh |bp x`t` h`~~lmh- A`~ i`

`{ajlm- L xj~ok `ba` jmn d`lmh j Hjmhtà i| wlslbm ls kbm`n ~b zpl~` j n`ht``- Lm |bp L sjx

~k` ipsoa` ~bm` bg j xjttlbt! bsslda| j s~t``~ glhk~`t! jmn sbi`~li`s L ji jda` nlso`tm xkj~ s`{

~k` `tsbm skbpan d`- \bpts L w`t| n`glml~à| ojm! l~ skbxs js gìja`- Nbm“~ |bp tììd`t db~k

i` jmn Sjpa oji` jmn sj~ xl~k |bp2’

‑\`jk L nb-’

‑Js iìd`ts bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh x` jt` ~jphk~ ~b s``! ~k` xj| |bp sj~ jmn kàn

|bptsàg obmglti`n l~ gbt i`- D`lmh m`x ~b ~k` sokbba! ibs~ i`m xbpan d` bp~ ~t|lmh ~b ijf`

gtl`mns! sbi` hltas sl~ n`g`mslwà| jmn ijf` gtl`mns xk`m b~k`t `ba` jtbjok- \bp jo~`n

w`t| n`g`mslwà| ~bxjtns ps jmn xk`m x` sj~ xl~k |bp gbt ~k` glts~ g`x ~li`s-’

‑\`jk- L nln- L ~klmf db~k i` jmn ^bi jt` j dl~ bp~ bg ajo` k`t`-’ K` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg

Ojdlaaj t`~ptmlmh ~k` hajss ~b ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt obpm~`t-

‑\`jk L fmbx- ^k` ~xb hltas ^lmj jmn Jds ‟ x` s`m~ ~kì ~b i``~ |bp sb |bp xbpan

ijf` l~ ~b ~k` jt~| xl~kbp~ tpmmlmh jgbpa bg ~k` abojas!’ sjln Sjpa! jg~`t fmboflmh ~k` jsk gtbi

~k` `mn bg ~k` olhjt`~~` jsslmh l~ bm ~b ~k` xbijm xkb xjs sl~~lmh lm ~k` jti okjlt tb`t-

Db~k ~k` hltas sila`n js ~k`| x`t` s~bbn j~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt- Db~k ibw`n jmn

hjw` kli j kph jmn j zplof flss- K` eps~ gà~ kls ok``fs hblmh t`n jhjlm js k` xjsm“~ ps` ~b

d`lmh kphh`n bt ~k` oabs`m`ss ~k` `ba j~ ~k` jt~| s`ì`n ~b kjw` xl~k `jok b~k`t-

Sjpa ~k`m s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` gtlnh`! b`m`n l~! k` ~bbf bp~ j ojm bg ajh`t l~ gluu`n

js k` b`m`n l~- Xk`m k` kjn ~jf`m j sxlh k` jsf`n! ‑Ojm L jsf |bp sbi`~klmh Mlof2 ^bi! L

fmbx xk| |bp jt` k`t`! |bp abw` j hbbn jt~|-’

J~ ~kls ^bi sila`n jmn obm~lmp`n ~b ntlmf gtbi j ojm bg ajh`t jmn okj~ ~b Xj|m`-

‑\`jk! jsf jxj|!’ k` sjln ~jflmh j ibp~kgpa bg Ojdlaaj6 ~k` hajss xjs jdbp~ ~xb ~kltns

gpaa- K` ajo`n ~k` hajss djof bm ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` Sjpa js k` nln-

‑L hp`ss |bp jt`m“~ ~bb kj| xl~k |bpt alg` bg obms~jm~ ibwlmh gtbi ajo` ~b ajo`- Ji L

tlhk~ lm ~kls2’ `mzplt`n Sjpa- ‑Kbx abmh d`gbt` |bpt m`{~ ibw`2’

K` t`jn Sjpa“s gjo` jmn gà~ js lg k` skbpan ~àa ~k` ~tp~k js k` jmn _jmntj s`ì`n ~b xjm~

~b fmbx xkj~ Mlof gà~- ‛Xkj~ ~k` kàa ls kj`mlmh ~b i`- Sjpa“s zp`s~lbm xjs bp~ bg lm~`t`s~ mb~ bp~ bg okòflmh i` bp~ gbt sbi` t`jsbm-“

‑J g`x x``fs! ij|d` j ibm~k ~bs- \`jk |bp“t` tlhk~! L nb xlsk i| gjila| xbpan eps~



:8

s`~~a` nbxm sbiàjo` jmn hlw` i` j mbtija alg`-’

‑Kjw` |bp `w`t ~kbphk~ bg nblmh j dpmf jmn nlsj`jtlmh2’ jsf`n _jmntj- _k` ~bbf j

ntjx bm ~k` l` jmn jhjlm jg~`t kbanlmh l~ gbt j g`x sòbmns `{kja`n ~k` dap` ~lm~`n sibf`-

‑Mb! L“w` mb~ kjn ~k` gtl`mns xkb xbpan ~jf` i` lm ~b jaabx i` ~kj~ okjmo`! aps l~ xbpan

kpt~ i| gjila|-’

‑L~“s ~li` gbt |bp ~b ~klmf jdbp~ |bp Mlof!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa lm j ij~~`t bg gjo~ ~bm` ~b kls

s~j~ì`m~- ‑\bp xlaa d` hblmh bgg ~b obaa`h` lm j obpa` bg ibm~ks jm|xj|! ~k`| fmbx ~kj~ jmn

kbx abmh d`gbt` |bp jt` :;2’

‑^tp`! eps~ bw`t j ibm~k d`gbt` L“i :;!’ k` sjln! jmn jg~`t j jps`! _jmntj jss`n kli ~k`

l` tàbjn`n! xl~k gt sk ntl`n ajm~ ~jf`m gtbi k`t ~lm jmn j alhk~`t- ‑Xkj~ nb L nb xl~k ~kls

_jmntj2’

‑_ibf` l~- _~lof ~k` `mn xl~k ~k` sijaa kba` jhjlms~ |bpt als! kban ~k` gaji` `mn bw`t ~k`

dbxa! alhk~ ~k` alhk~ t! jmn spof!’ tàl`n _jmntj lm j sjtojs~lo ~bm - K` k`jtn j okpofa` gtbi

~k` `ba` ~kj~ kjn k`jtn ~k` zp`s~lbm-

K` ajo`n ~k` sijaa `mn jhjlms~ kls als jmn sjtf`n ~k` galm~ xklok al~ ~k` alhk~`t- K` ~k`m

nt`x jlt ~ktbphk ~k` l`- ^k` sibf` gtbi ~k` dptmlmh ntl`n ajm~ dptm~ kls ~ktbj~ js l~ x`m~

nbxm lm~b kls apmhs6 ~kls ojps`n ~k` lmwbapm~jt| t`sbms` bg j dbp~ bg kjtn obphklmh js k`

dtbphk~ ipops gtbi ~k` xlmn l` lm~b kls ~ktbj~ ~b obba ~k` dptm~ jt`j- ^k` obphklmh ajs~`n gbt

j hbbn ~klt~| sòbmns jmn `w`m ~k`m k` obpan s~laa g`à ~k` ~`mn`tm`ss bg ~k` jt`j- Xk`m k` kjnglmlsk`n obphklmh! ~k` okìlojas ~kj~ kjn d``m jdsbtd`n lm~b kls dabbn d`hjm ~b ~jf` `ggò~ jmn

k` gà~ klisàg tàj{lmh `w`m ibt` ~kjm ~k` `mwltbmi`m~ kjn tàj{`n kli xk`m k` kjn xjaf`n

lm- Js k` tàj{`n k` d`hjm ~b k`jt ~k` ipslo jmn sià~ ~k` siàas gtbi ~k` wjtlbps lmo`ms`

s~lofs d`lmh dptm~- ^k` ipslo d`lmh aj|`n xjs `{oàa`m~! sabxa| j sila` bg obm~`m~`nm`ss

st`jn jotbss kls gjo`-

_jmntj jsf`n! ‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b s~j| lm ~kls ol~|2’

‑Hlw`m ~k` okjmo`! mb! dp~! L ji mb~ hblmh ~b d` jda` ~b hb ~b ~k` ol~| L xbpan xjm~ ~b alw`lm-’ K` ~ptm`n ~b gjo` _jmntj js k` tàl`n-

‑Xklok ls2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

‑^k`jdjm! ~k` ojl~ja bg Ejttujt- L kjn j obpa` bg w`t| hbbn gtl`mns ~k`t`!’ k` tàl`n

‑Bf- ^kls lsm“~ Ejttujt dp~ L kjw` htbxm ~bb t`jaa| alf` |bp bw`t ~k` g`x ~li`s L“w` d``m

xl~k |bp- Sjpa! ^lmj jmn Jds kjw` jaa sjln |`s ~b |bp alwlmh k`t` lg |bp xjm~!’ sphh`s~`n

_jmntj ~jflmh j ibp~kgpa bg ntlmf

‑\bp s`tlbps2’ k` t`sbmn`n abbflmh j~ _jmntj lm L“i mb~ k`jtlmh ~kls! ‛\bpt hlwlmh i`

~k` okjmo` ~b nlsj`jt! xk|2“

‑W`t|- L“w` m`w`t d``m ibt` s`tlbps!’ tàl`n _jmntj-



‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b gl~ lm k`t`! Mlof2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

‑Ij|d`- Xàa |`s! lg l~“s bsslda`-’ K` abbf`n j~ Sjpa jmn sjx j g`x bg ~k` `ba` d`|bmn

x`t` abbflmh kj| j~ sbi`~klmh- ^bi“s gjo` xjs bm` bg hb gbt l~ ijm! |bp n`s`tw` l~-

‑L hp`ss |bp jt` xbtt|lmh jdbp~ ~klmhs alf` oab~k`s! |`s2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

K` mbnn`n kls k`jn-

‑Nbm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ ~klmhs alf` ~kj~- X` ajm jk`jn- X` kjw` ~b-’

_jmntj lof`n p ~k` ~xb hajss`s bg Ojdlaaj ibwlmh gtbi d`klmn ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt!

a`jnlmh kli ~b j obpa` bg ì~| d`jm djhs- _k` ~k`m sj~ nbxm xl~k k`t a`hs bp~)s~t`~ok`n!

ajolmh ~k` ~xb hajss`s bm ~k` tjls n jt`j ~kj~ spttbpmn`n ~k` gltàjo`-

K` ~bbf j abmh ntjx gtbi ~k` l` jmn! gbt j sòbmn ~li`! s`m~ ~x`m~| sòbmns obphklmh-

J~ ~kls `w`t|bm` lm ~k` tbbi ajphk`n jmn sjln j~ ~k` sji` ~li`! ‑Xàobi` ~b ~k` ajmn bg

~k` s~bm`n-’

K` d`hjm ~b g`à w`t| alhk~ k`jn`n! `w`t|~klmh s~jt~`n ~b slm- ^k` m`{~ ~klmh k` t`jals`n

k` xjs sl~~lmh lm ~k` aj bg _jmntj- K` obpan g`à k`t kjmn sabxa| s~tbflmh kls djt` jti lm j

s`npo~lw` ijmbt-

_k` dtbphk~ k`t k`jn oabs` ~b kls `jt xkls`tlmh! ‑Nbm“~ d` s~jt~a`n jmn a`js` k`jt i`

bp~-’

K` sià~ ~k` gtjhtjmo` _jmntj xjs x`jtlmh- ‛ L fmbx ~kj~ siàa! xk`t` gtbi-“ K` ~kbphk~

jdbp~ xkj~ _jmntj kjn eps~ sjln jmn mbnn`n! ‛\`s- Bf“-

_jmntj obm~lmp`n! ‑L fmbx jdbp~ xkj~ |bp nb lm |bpt sjt` ~li`- ^k` otbss)nt`sslmh jmn

jaa ~kj~-’

Kls `|`s b`m`n xlnà|- ‑K`|* Kbx2’ k` xkls`t`n djof sbi`xkj~ jmhtla|-

‑\bp jt` mb~ ~k` bma| bm` xkb nb`s t`s`jtok lm~b `ba`- L“w` d``m xj~oklmh |bp gbt j

g`x ibm~ks- X` lm ~k` Hjmhtàs lmwl~` iìd`ts ~b eblm tj~k`t ~kjm joo`~ eps~ jm|bm` js ibs~

`ba` obpanm“~ alw` p ~b bpt s~jmnjtns- L“w` jasb dtbf`m lm~b |bpt ajo` jmn gbpmn ~k`

oab~k`s-’

‑_kl~! xk| nlnm“~ L phtjn` ~k` sòptl~| j~ kbi`!’ k` sjln zpl`~a|

‑Xkj~2’ _jmntj jsf`n lm j ~bm` ~kj~ sjln! ‛L“i lm~`t`s~`n lm fmbxlmh ~k` t`jsbm d`klmn

~kj~ tà|“-

‑L“i j gt`àjmo` sòptl~| `{`t~! L dt`jf lm~b `ba`“s kbps`s jmn ~`s~ ~k` sòptl~| jmn! lg

~k` bxm`ts xjm~ jm phtjn`! L phtjn` l~ sb ibs~ ~kl`w`s ojm“~ dt`jf lm-’

‑Jk---’ K` k`jtn _jmntj“s wblo` tjls` js sbi`~klmh oalof`n- ‑L s``- \bp s`` ^lmj2’

K` mbnn`n |`s-

‑_k` ls j gpaa)~li` otbss nt`ss`t jmn |bp fmbx kbx hbbn sk` ls j~ @aò~tbmlos6 sk` ijn`bpt dlf` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì jmn l~“s jasb ps`n d| s`w`m b~k`t Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh pml~s-

Obi` xl~k i` jmn sj| hbbnd|` ~b Mlof-’



:<

‑Bf- L ~klmf L ojm s`` xk`t` ~kls ls hblmh! jmn |bp nbm“~ ilmn2’ k` jsf`n lm j zp`s~lbmlmh

ijmm`t

‑Mb! ~b d` kbm`s~ L kjw` gjaa`m lm abw` xl~k |bp! jmn l~“s mb~ |bpt ija` `hb `l~k`t-’

_jmntj t`sbmn`n x`jtlmh ~k` sila` k` abw`n sb ipok- ‑Obi` xl~k i`-’

K` s~bbn p jmn kà`n _jmntj ~b k`t g``~- K` ~k`m gbaabx`n _jmntj js sk` ibw`n jtbpmn

~k` bp~sln` bg ~k` ijlm s`j~lmh jt`j ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` d`ntbbis-

Sjpa abbf`n j~ ~k` ~xb js ~k`| k`jn`n gbt _jmntj“s tbbi- K` sila`n! jmn ~kbphk~

‛Xàobi` ~b ~k` Hjmhtàs Mlof-“

%%%%%



Okj~`t ?

^k` obttlnbt xjs `jsla| :3i`~t`s abmh jmn j obpa` bg i`~t`s xln`- Gtbi ~k` obttlnbt

x`t` ~kt`` oabs`n nbbts jmn bm` b`m bm`! xklok a`n ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi- Eps~ d`klmn ~k` nbbt

kjmhlmh gtbi ~k` xjaa xjs j obj~ tjof xl~k ~k` wjtlbps ejof`~s jmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlhs bg ~k`

hp`s~s bm- Bm ~k` gabbt xjs j ~klm dap` ojt`~! ~k` xjaas x`t` ~k` sji` obabpt js ~k` alwlmh tbbi

jmn kjn abx xj~~jh` dpads lm ~k` alhk~ gl{~pt`s-

_jmntj a`n kli ~b k`t d`ntbbi! xk`t` sk` htjdd`n k`t a`j~k`t ejof`~! j sòbmn bm` jmn

k`t skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh gtbi sbi` kjmh`ts d`klmn ~k` nbbt- ^k` sjt` ejof`~ sk` kjmn`n kli

xjs j s~jmnjtn a`j~k`t ejof`~ ~kj~ eps~ obw`t`n ~k` ~btsb gtbi ~k` xjls~ p! bm ~k` djof xjs j

slilajt Xbag“s k`jn ib~lg js ^lmj xjs x`jtlmh- ‑\bp kjn d`~~`t x`jt ~kls- X`“w` ~jflmh i|

dlf`- L xjm~ ~b skbx |bp ~k` ol~| jg~`t njtf bm ~kls sln` bg ~k` s~t``~! xk t` alg` ~tpa| ls-’

‑Bf-’ K` abbf`n j~ _jmntj jmn xjs x`jtlmh j gjo` k` kjn gbthb~~`m jdbp~- L~ xjs ~k` bm`

~kj~ xjs lm~`t`s~`n lm a`jtmlmh jdbp~ ~k` `mwltbmi`m~! ~k` ps! ~k` nbxms! xk`t` `ba` x`m~

gbt xkj~ jmn `w`t|~klmh às` k` obpan a`jtm! kls _~t``~ Hkbs~ gjo`-

^k` ~xb bg ~kì xjaf`n djof ~ktbphk ~k` alwlmh tbbi! xk`t` _jmntj ~bbf nbxm! gtbi ~k`

skàg d`sln` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! ~xb sijaa dajof db{`s- K` gbaabx`n _jmntj js sk` xjaf`n lm~b ~k`

`jta| `w`mlmh tb`t- ^k` spm xjs mbx hbm`! dp~ lm ~k` x`s~ |bp obpan s`` ~k` t`nm`ss bg ~k`

`w`mlmh- ^k` t`nm`ss gjn`n ~b j iln dap` jmn ~k`m l~ htjnpjaa| gjn`n ~b dajof xklok tjm gtbijdbp~ ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` sf|- _jmntj xjaf`n ~b xk`t` k`t dlf` xjs jtf`n pmn`t ~k` w`tjmnj- K`

s~bbn j~ ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` s~`s s~jtlmh lm skbof! j~ ~k` slu` bg l~! js sk` xk`à`n l~ bp~ jmn

tb`n l~ bm ~k` s obmn s~jmn- ^k` alhk~ jdbw` ~k` hjtjh` nbbt tbwln`n `mbphk alhk~ gbt kli

~b s`` ~k` dlf` xjs oa`jm jmn abbf`n xàa ijlm~jlm`n- _jmntj kjmn`n kli bm` bg ~k` sijaa dajof

db{`s bp~ bg xklok oji` ~xb xlt`s! bm` xjs j~~jok`n ~b j lò` bg ij~`tlja! ~k` sòbmn a`mh~k

bg xlt` xjs j~~jok`n ~b jm `jt lò`- ‑Bpt obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì p~ ~kls bm jmn x`“aa d` jda`

~b okj~ js x` jt` ntlwlmh-’

‑Bf!’ k` t`sbmn`n silalmh- K` oal`n ~k` dajof db{ ~b kls ~tbps`ts! ajolmh ~k` `jtlò`

lm kls `jt- K` ~k`m xj~ok`n _jmntj p~ k`ts bm jmn obl`n ~k` aboj~lbm gbt ~k` ij~`tlja djmn- K`

gà~ ~k` sijaa lò` bg ~òkmbabh| xjs sbxm lm~b ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` djmn t`s~ jhjlms~ kls wblo`

db{-

‑Sajo` ~k` ~òk jhjlms~ |bpt wblo` db{! |bp bma| m``n ~b ijf` ~k` wblo` db{ wldtj~`! ~k`

~òkmbabh| lm ~k` ij~`tlja lofs p ~k` wldtj~lbm jmn ~k` db{ ~tjmsil~s l~ ~b jaa `ba` bm ~k`

gt`zp`mo| lm ~k` ?)ila` tjmh`- ^k` `jtlò` tìbw`s ~k` jlt gtbi |bpt `jt okjmmà jmn ~k`m wlj

~k` lò` d`klmn |bpt `jt wldtj~`s ~k` t`sbms`s ~b ~k` dbm`s bg |bpt ilnna` `jt-’

K` k`jtn _jmntj“s wblo` bw`t ~k` `jtlò` sj|! ‑Nb |bp k`jt i` bf2’



4:

Tj~k`t ~kjm ~jaflmh mbtijaa|! k` f`~ kls ibp~k oabs`n jmn gbto`n kls wblo` db{ ~b wldtj~`

js lg k` xjs s`jflmh- ‑\`jk! nb |bp k`jt i`2’

‑\`jk! L nb-’ K` sila`n j~ ~k` jggltij~lbm-

K` xj~ok`n _jmntj xkb s~bbn ~k` Xjuu)Pfl :333 p bgg l~s sln` s~jmn jmn sxpmh k`t a`h

bw`t sb sk` obpan sl~ bm ~k` dlf`- _k` galof`n bp~ ~k` flof s~jt~! xklok xjs aboj~`n bm ~k` tlhk~

kjmn sln`- _k` sìl s~bbn jmn gbto`n ~k` flof s~jt~ nbxm kjtn- Js ~k` `mhlm` ojphk~ _jmntj

b`tj~`n ~k` ~ktb~~a` j al~~a` jmn a`~ ~k` `mhlm` ntb ~b j h`m~a` ptt- _k` ~ptm`n jmn j~~`n ~k`

s`j~ d`klmn k`t-

Js _jmntj ~ktb~~a`n k` k`jtn ~k` `mhlm`! `w`m xl~k kls tàj~lwà| alil~`n fmbxa`nh` bg

ib~btdlf`s! ~k` `mhlm` sbpmn`n xàa abbf`n jg~`t- K` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` ib~btdlf` p~~lmh ~k`

ejof`~ bm js k` nln- K` sxpmh kls a`h bw`t ~k` jss`mh`t“s s`j~ sl~~lmh d`klmn k`t! k` xtj`n

kls jtis jtbpmn k`t xjls~ jmn kàn bm-

_jmntj sxl~ok`n ~k` alhk~s bm! paa`n ~k` oap~ok! ntb`n ~k` h`jts lm~b glts~! jmn ~ktb~~a`n

p- _k` tà`js`n ~k` oap~ok js sk` lmot`js`n ~k` ~ktb~~a`- ^k` oap~ok ojphk~ jmn ~k` `mhlm` sbpmn

ntb`n js l~ s~jt~`n ~b paa j~ ~k` djof dtjf`- _k` tà`js`n ~k` dtjf` jmn paa`n ~k` dlf` p jmn

bp~ bg ~k` njtf`mlmh ntlw`xj|- J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` ntlw`xj|! sk` ~ptm`n a`g~ bm~b ~k` ilmbt s~t``~-

_k` ntbw` nbxm ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` d`~x``m ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ tjm gtbi

Tlokibmn Sjtf Nls~tlo~ ~b X`s~ O`m~tja Nls~tlo~- J~ ~k` epmo~lbm sk` ~ptm`n ~k` dlf` x`s~ jmnk`jn`n ~bxjtns ~k` x`s~`tm `mn bg O`m~tja Nls~tlo~-

%%%%%

_jmntj ntbw` nbxm ~k` s~t``~ j~ >3 ila`s `t kbpt jaabxlmh Mlof ~k` okjmo` ~b abbf

jtbpmn jmn s`` xkj~ alg` xjs alf` gbt ~k` abx`t jmn pmn`toajss bg sbol`~|- Js k` abbf`n j~ ~k`

s~t``~ k` sjx ~kj~ ~kls ijlm tbjn xjs w`t| slilajt ~b 87

~k

s~t``~! `{o`~ ~k`t` x`t` mb ntphn`ja`ts- Lms~`jn k` sjx db~k ija` jmn gìja` s~t``~)xjaf`ts ~bp~lmh gbt dpslm`ss gtbi ~k`

jsslmh ojts dàbmhlmh ~b ~k` d`~~`t bggs! bt ~kbs` abojas xkb kjn sbi` ibm`| js ~k`| k`jn`n

gbt ~k` mlhk~ oapds jmn jt~l`s- K` sjx j jlt bg hltas oalid lm~b ~k` djof bg j sjabbm ojt- K`

obpan k`jt ~k` ~t`mn| bpajt sbmhs ~kj~ ibs~ bg ~k` obii`tolja tjnlb s~j~lbms aj|`n! d`lmh

aj|`n bw`t bm` kpmnt`n g` ~ jxj|! jmn l~ hb~ abpn`t js ~k`| jtbjok`n- L~ lmnloj~`n jmn

spnn`ma| paa`n bp~ lm gtbm~ bg _jmntj xklok ojps`n k`t ~b dtjf` jmn sx`tw` jtbpmn kli-

_jmntj kl~ ~k` kbtm jmn s~jt`n j~ ~k` ntlw`t xkb abbf`n djof jmn abbf`n js lg k` xjs ajphklmh-

K` xjsm“~ spt` lg k` xjs ajphklmh j~ _jmntj“s t`jo~lbm bt sbi`~klmh ~kj~ kjn d``m sjln lm ~k`

ojt-



K` abbf`n j~ db~k sln`s bg ~k` s~t``~s p ~k` sln` tbjns- ^k` dplanlmhs x`t` tpm nbxm

bma|! bma| bm` lm sl{ ij|d` s`w`m abbf`n js lg xjs d`lmh abbf`n jg~`t d| ~k` ajmnabtns bt ~k`

lmkjdl~jm~s! ij|d` db~k- @w`m bm ~k` sln` s~t``~s ~kj~ eblm`n ~k` ijlm tbjn! l~ abbf`n w`t| ipok

~k` sji`- ^k` jwì`m~s jmn tbjns x`t` dtbf`m p bt lm ~k` tbo`ss bg dt`jflmh p- ^k`| kjn

b~kba s lm bt ~k` ~jtijo kjn xbtm xj| jmn ~k` sptgjo` d m`j~k xjs wlslda - Nbxm sbi` sln`

s~t``~s k` sjx O_S+Obtbtj~` _òptl~| Okòfblm~s, xklok mbtijaa| lmnloj~`n ~k` dbtn`ts bg jm

`moajw` `l~k`t dàbmhlmh ~b j sòlglo obtbtj~lbm bt ~k` obtbtj~lbm kls ipi jmn njn xbtf`n

gbt- ^k`s` slhk~s jmn xkj~ k` kjn s``m js k` jttlw`n nlshps~`n kli! k` d`hjm ~b tòjaa xkj~ bm`

bg kls gtl`mns! ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~! Pkptj kjn ~ban jmn skbx`n kli bm j g`x boojslbms- ‛^k`

obtbtj~lbms kjw` j ab~ ~b jmsx`t gbt-“ Kls ~kbphk~s x`m~ djof ~b ~k` obmw`tsj~lbm k` kjn kjn

xl~k kls gj~k`t xk`m ~k`| x`t` alwlmh lm Ejttujt jmn ~k` okj~ xl~k Xbmh)Ij“s gj~k`t jdbp~

‛Ojl~jalsi“ jmn ~k` ‛obtbtj~` xj|“- K` xjs d`hlmmlmh ~b s`` db~k bg ~k` obmo`~s jmn ~k`btl`s

js d`lmh gpmnji`m~jaa| xtbmh- Abbflmh j~ ~k` obtm`ts js _jmntj ntbw` js~! skbx`n `ba`

nbxm bm ~k`lt apof! s~t``~ xjaf`ts! bt ~k` kbià`ss mb~ ~kbs` xkb nlnm“~ xjm~ ~b xbtf! dp~

`ba` xkb ~k` obtbtj~lbms nlnm“~ m` n- ^k`| xbpan xbtf lg hlw`m ~k` okjmo`! dp~ ~k |

xbpanm“~ ojt` jdbp~ ~k` `~klos bg ~k` obijml`s bt obtbtj~lbms! eps~ ~b h`~ j al~~a` ibm`| ~b

spbt~ ~kìsàw`s- B~k`t obtm`ts kjn htbps bg |bp~ks ilaalmh jdbp~ abbflmh gbt sbi`~klmh ~b

nb! bt xj~oklmh gbt b~k`t hjmhs“ j~~ì~s ~b ~tjmsht`ss ~k` dbtn`ts- @lhk~| `to`m~ bg ~k` skbs

bm ~k` ijlm tbjn x`t` `l~k`t dptm~ bp~! kjn ~k` gtbm~s obw`t`n d| k`jw| xbbn`m sk``~s bt i`~ja

htlaas-

K` k`jtn! bw`t ~k` `jtlò`! _jmntj“s wblo`! ‑^kls ls ~k` t`ja ol~|! ~k` obtbtj~lbms kjw`

tlo`n <3 bg ~k` sijaa lmn``mn`m~a| bxm`n aboja skbs bp~ bg dpslm ss- ^k` bma| ajo`

`ba` ojm dp| jm|~klmh jt` obtbtj~`)tpm Ijaas jmn i`hj)s~bt`s! xk`t` ibs~ bg ~k` s~pgg ls

bw`t tlo`n jmn mb~ bg hbbn zpjal~|-’

Js _jmntj xjs sj|lmh ~kls sk` ntbw` js~ j ajth`! dtlhk~a| al~ b`m ab~- Bm ~k` gjt sln`

xjs j ijsslw` dplanlmh! `jsla| ~kt`` s~btl`s klhk! ~k` ajth` slhm ~kj~ ~bbf p ~k` ~b ~xb gabbts lm

~k` o`m~t` sjln! ‛Tb~jmmj K|`t_~bt`“-

‑L m`w`t fm`x jdbp~ ~kls-’ K` t`jalu`n! ‛ Ij|d` _jmntj xjs tlhk~- Ij|d` k` xjs j

xjttlbt! j xjttlbt gbt ~k` `ba` mb~ ~k` I`hjObtbtj~lbms k` xbpan kjw` alfà| eblm`n lg k`

kjn mb~ d``m bgg`t`n ~kls okjmo`-“

%%%%%

Glg~``m ilmp~`s jg~`t a`jwlmh ~k` kbps`! _jmntj sabx`n jmn s~b`n ~k` dlf`- _k` flof`nnbxm ~k` flof s~jmn oalidlmh bgg jg~`t k` kjn- ^k`| db~k xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` `nh` bg jm ban

zpjtt| xbtflmhs ntb- K` s~b`n jmn s~bbn m`{~ ~b _jmntj abbflmh bp~ bw`t ~k` sl~`-



4?

Lm gtbm~ bg kli xjs j ajth` sl~` xl~k ~jaa oklim`|s! ajth` dplanlmhs jmn ajth` obw`t`n

~jmfs! xklok tbdjda| obm~jlm`n sbi` gbti bg okìloja- ^k` oklim`|s x`t` s`xlmh sibf`

jmn jaa ~k` dplanlmhs jmn ~jmfs x`t` al~ p d| bx`tgpa alhk~s- Kls litbw`n wlslbm xjs loflmh

bp~ ~k` wjtlbps w`kloa`s ~kj~ x`t` ntlwlmh bm ~k` tbjns lmsln` ~k` obibpmn! wjbpts obilmh

gtbi eblms lm ~k` wjtlbps l`s ~kj~ tjm jaa bw`t ~k` sl~`- _pttbpmnlmh ~k` sl~` xjs jm `lhk~ g``~

klhk xjaa ~b`n d| ojt~ja tjubt xlt` gjolmh bp~ bw`t ~k` jwì`m~- K` abbf`n j~ ~k` ~bx`ts ~kj~

ep~~`n bp~ gtbi ~k` xjaa! `jok bm` abbf`n js lg ~k`| x`t` gbt xj~oklmh ~k` lmsln` bg ~k` xjaas-

K` fm`x ~kj~ xjs ~b h`~ jtbpmn ~k` ajxs ~kj~ lmnloj~`n jm|bm` bp~sln` ~k` htbpmns xjs pmn`t

~k` eptlsnlo~lbm bg ~k` ol~| hbw`tmi`m~- ^k` obmw`{ ilttbts jmn ~k` ~xb hpjtns xj~oklmh ~k`

ol~| sln` bg ~k` xjaa tbw`n kbx ~kls obtbtj~lbm xjs h`~~lmh jtbpmn ~kj~ Xbtan Hbw`tmi`m~

ajx-

K` s`~~a`n kls wlslbm bm bm` bg ~k` hpjtn ~bx`ts s``lmh ~k` lmsln`6 k` sjx ~kj~ ibs~ bg ~k`

~bx`ts kjn j~ a`js~ ~kt`` hpjtns- Sajo`n bm j x`jbms tjof! kpmh bm ~k` xjaa x`t` glw` jssjpa~

htjn` x`jbms- @jok ~bx`t xjs `zpl`n xl~k ~`m klhk bx`t`n alhk~s ~kj~ skbm` ~bxjtns ~k`

gabbt jmn bp~ gtbi ~k` ~bx`t-

‑Xkj~ ls ~kls ajo`2’ k` jsf`n-

‑^kls ajo` xjs dbphk~ d| ~k` obtbtj~lbm |bpt gj~k`t jmn ib~k`t xbtfs gbt jmn ls ~k`

sl~` xk`t` i| ipi jmn njn nl`n- ^k` t`wlbps bxm`ts lm ~k` p`t ijmjhì`m~ f`~ ~k`

dpnh`~ ~b d` s`m~ bm K ja~k jmn _jg`~| slhms jmn xjtmlmhs jmn h`m`tja lmsò~lbms! gjt abx`t ~kjm b~k`t obijml`s s`m~! ~b lmot`js` ~k` db~~bi alm`- ^k`| fm`x ~b tpm ~k` obttò~ K`ja~k

jmn _jg`~| tbo`npt`s bm jaa ~k`lt sl~`s xbpan sajsk ~k` tbgl~s d| j ~kltn-’

K` k`jtn ~k` ‛sajsk ~k` tbgl~s d| j ~kltn“ jmn s~jt`n j~ _jmntj- ‑\bp jt` flnnlmh-’

_jmntj skbof k`t k`jn jmn k` t`jn ~k` gjo` jmn l~ ~b sjln! ‛mb“- ‑Lm ~k` `mn ibs~ nj|s l~

xjs j iltjoa` jm jooln`m~ nlnm“~ kj`m- Bm` nj| bm` nln kj`m6 j ajth` s~jof bg 40 hjaabm

ntpis! xklok xjs gjt klhk`t ~kjm xjs obttò~ gbt ~k` okìloja ~k` djttàs obm~jlm`n obaajs`n-

^k` ntpis obm~jlm`n j dlb)kjujtnbps okìloja- Xk`m ~k` s~jof obaajs`n l~ otpsk`n ~k` ojd bm~k` ~tpof i| njn xjs ntlwlmh- ^k` t`spa~lmh slaa js ~k` ntpis oji` nbxm jmn ~bs ga`x bgg!

jasb flaa`n ipi- _k` xjs ~k` glts~ bm ~k` so`m` jmn ~k` slhms ~kj~ skbpan kjw` d``m wlslda`

x`t`m“~- L~ xjs gbpmn bp~ aj~`t ~kjm mbm` `{ls~`n j~ jaa bm ~k` `m~lt` slhk~! mbm` bg ~k` ntpis kjn

slhms b~k`ts x`t` `w`m ilss)ajdàa`n- Gtbi xkj~ x` x`t` ~ban d| @okb ^òk _òptl~|

Lmw`s~lhj~lbms! m`l~k`t xbpan kjw` spgg`t`n ~k` gpi`s jabm` nln ibs~ njijh` ~b ~k` glts~ `lhk~

bm sl~`- Jaa bg ~kì nl`n xl~klm ~klt~| sòbmns- ^k`m ~k` glts~ obtbtj~` t`sop` s`twlo`s jttlw`n

jmn ~k`| kjn ~k` obttò~ dt`j~klmh jjtj~ps- Nln |bp k`jt jdbp~ ~k` Ijajt Okìloja slaa

~kt`` |`jts jhb-’

‑\`s! gtbi xkj~ L tììd`t Nlhl~ja _|s~ì M`xs x`m~ ijsslw` bm ~k` xkba` ~tjh`n|



jmn dòjps` bg ~kls ~k` obtbtj~lbm xjs gbto`n ~b s`~~a` dlh ~li`-’

‑\`jk! dlh ~li`- ^b ~k` Xbtan Hbw`tmi`m~ Obm~tbaalmh Jh`mo| ij|d`! mb~ ~b ps ~k`

i`t` obm~tjo~bts gjilal`s- ^k` obtbtj~lbm jbabhlu`n jmn jln j l~~jmo` ~b ps! jmn lg l~

x`t`m“~ gbt @okb A`hja _pbt~ ^tps~ j|lmh ~k` a`hja dlaas x` tbdjda| xbpanm“~ kjw` hb~~`m

~kj~- ^k`| ~k`m sban ~k` `m~lt` sl~` ~b @ddsp jmn ijn` bw`t gbpt ilaalbm bm ~k` sja`- ^k`| nln

bgg`t ~b sokbba ps db~k jmn j| gbt bpt obaa`h`! dp~ x` x`t`m“~ abbflmh gbt ~kj~- X` m``n`n j

api spi ~b ijf` spt` ~kj~ x` x`t` spbt~`n- ^k` dlhh`s~ jnwjm~jh` xjs ~kj~ ipi jmn njn

bxm`n ~k` kbps` bp~tlhk~! sb x` x`t`m“~ kbià`ss jg~`t ~k` jooln`m~-’

K` fmà~ nbxm jmn ajo`n kls kjmns jtbpmn ~k` sln`s bg kls gjo` jmn t`s~`n kls àdbxs bm

kls fm``s- K` kjn k`jtn xkj~ _jmntj kjn sjln! jmn d`hjm ~b xbmn`t xkj~ ^lijps kjn i`jm~

xk`m k` sjln! ‛^k` @okb tps~s jt` xkj~ ijf` ~k` nlgg`t`mo` ~b ~k` `ba` bp~sln` ~k`

pidtàaj- Lg @okb A`hja _pbt~ ^tps~ jln gbt ~k` a`hja obs~s! kjmh bm xkj~ nln L k`jt! ‛Jaa

Obtbtj~lbms kjn nlt~| kjmns `{o`~ O-Lmnps~tl`s! ~kbs` kjmns jt` nlt~| oa`jmlmh p ~k` b~k`t

obtbtj~lbms i`ss`s-“ L fmbx O-Lmnps~tl`s ls pmn`t ~k` @okb ^òk Pidtàaj! jmn lg- Dabbn|

kàa* Mbx L pmn`ts~jmn!“ js ~klmhs oalof`n lm~b ajo`

‑Djof bm ~k` dlf`- X` kjw` j ~kt`` ibt` ajo`s ~b wlsl~- ^k` m`{~ bm` ls bm` bg ~k` g`x

pdalo kbsl~jas a`g~ lm ~k` ol~|! xklok ls tpm d| ~k` ol~| hbw tmi`m~-’

%%%%%

^k` tbp~` _jmntj ~bbf ~b ~k` kbsl~ja! xklok xjs aboj~`n sbp~k bg ~k` gjo~bt| obia`{!

~bbf bma| ~`m ilmp~`s! dp~ l~ tjm ~ktbphk bm` bg ~k` ijm| ~tp` sapi jt`js bg _bp~k O`m~tja- K`t`

alf` d`gbt` k` sjx ~k` sji`! tpmnbxm jjt~i`m~ dabofs! ~`mì`m~ dplanlmhs jmn b`m jt`js

xjl~lmh gbt sbi` obtbtj~lbm ~b dp| ~k` ajmn jmn p~ j m`x `moajw` bt dpslm`ss jtf bm l~- Js

_jmntj ntbw` js~ bm` bg ~k` g`x Gt`` Glt` Ubm`s xklok b`tj~`n lm bt bm ~k` dbtn`ts bg ~k`

nls~tlo~- K` sjx ~k` jt`js bg dj~~a` njijh` ~b ~k` kbps`s jmn ~k` ajth` `{jms`s bg xjs~` ajmn bt

tpddalu`n dplanlmhs- Lm ~k`s` jt`js k` fm`x gtbi xj~oklmh ~k` wjtlbps m`xs tbhtjis ~kj~ ajx

jmn btn`t xjs lm ~k` kjmns bg `l~k`t ~k` aboja hjmhs bt s~tbmh i`m jmn sijaa htbps bg xàa

jti`n ~kphs-

_jmntj sabx`n jmn ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` sijaa ojt)jtf bp~sln` ~k` @i`th`mo| jmn Ojspja~|

`m~tjmo`- _k` s~b`n ~k` dlf` lm bm` bg ~k` dj|s gbt dlf`s- Db~k _jmntj jmn kli oalid`n bgg

jmn xjaf`n lm ~ktbphk ~k` b`m nbpda` nbbts- ^k` lmm`t s`~ xjs oabs`n jmn _jmntj psk`n ~k`

ilnna` jmn b`m`n ~k` ~xb sb sk` obpan xjaf lm~b ~k` xjl~lmh tbbi- Bmo` ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt sk`

xjs joobs~`n d| j |bpmh db| xkb sal`n js~ k`t jmn bp~ ~ktbphk ~k` oabslmh nbpda` nbbts-K` mb~lo`n ~kj~ k` abbf`n laa! dp~ k` s~laa kjn j sila` bm kls gjo` xk`m k` sjx _jmntj- Kls

okòf`n sklt~ xjs gjn`n jmn ~k` ~tbps`ts k` xjs x`jtlmh xjs ~btm lm ajo`s jmn j~ok`n lm



40

b~k`ts-

_jmntj ~ptm`n ~b gjo` kli- ‑L wbapm~``t jabmh xl~k ~k` ibs~ bg ~k` `ba` j~ ~k` jt~|! jmn

L fmbx ibs~ bg ~k` t`hpajts lm k`t` `tsbmjaa| js L jasb kbi` wlsl~- ^k` tbdaì ~kls jmn ~k`

b~k`t pdalo kbsl~jas kjw` ls ~kj~ ~k` obtbtj~lbms tlo` ~k` ntphs j~ ~k` blm~ ~kj~ lg |bp nbm“~

kjw` i`nloja lmsptjmo` |bp nbm“~ h`~ ~k` ~t`j~i`m~s- Njwln! ~k` |bpmh bm` x` sjx xk`m x`

xjaf`n lm spgg`ts gtbi apfjtlj! jmn kls jt`m~s ojm“~ t`jaa| jggbtn ~k` ntphs jmn ~t`j~i`m~s k`

m``ns! dp~ ~k`| nb sb d| mb~ `j~lmh gbt nj|s j~ j ~li`- _bi` nj|s xk`m L obi` k`t` L“i

spttls`n ~kj~ k`“s mb~ hbm`-’

K` s~bbn ~b bm` sln` bg ~k` nbbt jmn skbbf kls k`jn jmn abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` xjl~lmh tbbi!

l~ xjs gpaa ~b bw`tgabxlmh- K` sjx ~xb nbo~bts! glw` mpts`s jmn ~xb btn`tal`s! jaa kjn ajth` djhs

pmn`t ~k`lt `|`s- ^k` xjl~lmh tbbi l~sàg xjsm“~ `{jo~a| oa`jm! dp~ l~ xjsm“~ nlt~| `l~k`t- Bm

ibs~ bg ~k` s`j~s x`t` oklant`m bt |bpmh ib~k`ts mptslmh djdl`s jmn ~bnna`ts-

_jmntj kjn ibw`n jmn sj~ nbxm bm bm` bg ~k` bma| gt`` t`n ajs~lo s`j~s- _k` d`hjm

okj~~lmh xl~k bm` ib~k`t xkb xjs kbanlmh j sijaa djd|! xkb xjs zpl`~a| ot|lmh-

‑Nbm“~ ot|! xkj~“s xtbmh2’ _jmntj jsf`n lm j obigbt~lmh wblo`-

‑I| djd| ls slof- ^k` nbo~bt sj|s k` ojm“~ nb jm|~klmh- ^k`| nbm“~ kjw` ~k` mò`ssjt|

ntphs ~b ~t`j~ k`t! jmn L ojm“~ jggbtn ~b hb ~b ~k` jm| b~k`t kbsl~ja-’

K` abbf`n j~ ~k` ib~k`t jmn sjx lm k`t gjo` jmn ~k` xj| sk` kàn k`t djd| ~k` abw` sk`

kjn gbt ~k` lmgjm~- Lmsln` kls s~bijok x`m~ w`t| ~lhk~ jmn kls gjo` okjmh`n gtbi skbof ~b bm` bg

jmh`t gbt ~k` Obtbtj~lbms h`m`tjaa|- ‛Xk| tlo` ~k` ntphs bp~ bg t`jok bg ~k` `ba`-“ K`

~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n ojaia| bp~ bg ~k` xjl~lmh tbbi djof lm~b ~k` mlhk~- K` k`jn`n gbt bm` bg ~k`

obapims spbt~lmh ~k` obw`t gbt ~k` @i`th`mo| @m~tjmo`- K` d`m~ nbxm a`jmlmh jhjlms~ ~k`

obapim jmn s~jt`n lm~b ~k` mlhk~ sf|! kls gjo` bm` bg pt` jmh`t jmn kj~t`n- ‛ ^lijps! Njil`m! L

~klmf L xlaa d` eblmlmh ~k` tjmfs bg ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~s- Ot`j~bt kà ~k` Obtbtj~lbms xk`m L kjw` glmlsk`n xl~k ~kì-“

%%%%%

_jmntj abbf`n p gtbi aj|lmh xl~k ~k` djd| jmn abbf`n jtbpmn gbt Mlof- _k` sjx k` kjn

nlsj`jt`n- _k` hb~ p jmn xjmn`t`n bp~ ~k` ijlm nbbt lm~b ~k` mlhk~- Gtbi ~k` alhk~ tbnpo`n

d| ~k` gbpt xbtflmh gapbt so`mo` ~pd`s jmn ~k` alhk~ s~t`jilmh gtbi ~k` `m~tjmo`! sk` sjx kli

a`jmlmh p jhjlms~ j obapim abbflmh lm~b ~k` mlhk~“s sf|- _jmntj xjaf`n ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` ~b

xk`t` k` xjs otbpok`n- ‑\bp bf2’



‑Mb!’ oji` kls tà|! ‑L“i jo~pjaa| w`t| jmht|- @jtal`t ~bnj| L tììd`t`n xkj~ i|

gtl`mns lm ^k`jdjm skbx`n i` jaa ~kbs` |`jts jhb! ~k` obtbtj~` dtjlmxjsklmh ~k` sokbbas nb

kjn jm `ggò~ bm i`- Pm~la mbx ~kj~ ls- Nb`s ~k` hlta fmbx xkb ~k` gj~k`t ls2’ Mlof s~bbn p

jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` k`t-

_k` abbf`n lm~b j gjo` bg sbi`bm` xkb kjn ijn` p ~k`lt ilmn! jmn ^k` Ot`j~bt kà

~kbs` xkb h`~ lm ~k` xj|- ‑L xbpanm“~ kjw` ~kbphk~ sb- Ibs~ bg ~k` ib~k`ts jt` slmha` ib~k`ts!

jmn ~k` gj~k`ts jt` obtbtj~` ilnna` jmn p`t ijmjhì`m~ ~kj~ xjm~ j dl~ bm ~k` sln` js xàa

js j mlo` gjila| alg`- Nb |bp xjm~ ~b k`jn djof ~b ~k` kbps` kpm2 L ~klmf |bp“w` s``m `mbphk

gbt bm` `w`mlmh-’

‑^kjmfs- Xk`t` x`t` |bp hblmh ~b ~jf` i` m`{~2’ _k` xjaf`n xl~k Mlof ~b xk`t` ~k`

dlf` xjs jtf`n-

‑Eps~ ~b ~k` ^bx`t Nbi`! l~“s j ajo` xk`t` ~k` s~t``~ `ba` hb ~b d` lm j zpl`~ ajo`

jxj| gtbi ~k` dps| s~t``~ jmn sptwlwja- L~“s xk`t` x` xj~ok ~k` Obtbtj~lbms obmnpo~ dpslm`ss

jmn ~b xj~ok ~k` xbtan hb d|-’

‑A`~“s hb ~k`t`- Ojm L ntlw` gbt j dl~2’ Mlof jsf`n

‑\`jk |bp ojm-’ _jmntj kjmn`n kli ~k` f`|s jmn a`~ kli oalid bm~b ~k` ntlw`t“s bsl~lbm-

K` sajii`n ~k` flof s~jt~ nbxm jmn ~k` `mhlm` ojphk~- K` a`~ ~k` `mhlm` s`~~a` lm~b j

ptt-

_jmntj oalid`n bm d`klmn kli- ‑_b ojm L ~jf` l~ |bp jt` hblmh ~b s~j| bm ~kls sln` bg ~k`

s~t``~ xl~k ps Nlt~ _ln`ts2’

K` ~ptm`n kls k`jn jmn sila`n ‛\`s L ji“ j~ _jmntj- ‛ L ~klmf L kjw gbpmn i| jt~m`t jmn

`zpja-“

%%%%%

Bm ~k` ebptm`| gtbi ~k` kbsl~ja ~b ~k` ^bx`t! _jmntj nltò~`n kli bm j sijaa ~bpt bg ~k`

ol~|! sb k` obpan s`` ~k` slhk~s jmn ajo`s ~k` Nlt~ _ln`ts ojaa`n kbi`- ^b sl~`s ~k` obtbtj~lbms

xjm~`n! xk`t` klt`n lm ~kphs jmn hjmhs! gtbi b~k`t nls~tlo~s x`t` ~ban ~b ì~|! gbtolda| lg m``n

d`! bm ! ibt` ~kjm alf a| j g`x ~`mì`m~ jmn jjt~i`m~ dabofs- ^k` Obtbtj~` _òptl~| Gbto s

tbwlnlmh j djttl`t d ~x``m ~k` jmht| abojas jmn ~k` ~kphs ~ktbxlmh ~k` gptml~pt` gtbi p`t

s~bt`| xlmnbxs sb ~kj~ xk`m ~k` l~ì ajmn`n l~ skj~~`t`n bt dtbf`- Gbtolmh ~k` `ba` ~b oa`jt

p ~k` i`ss js ~k` ol~| sòptl~| xbpan jtt`s~ ~kì gbt al~~`tlmh- K` obpan s`` htbps bg ~xbs jmn

~kt``s gtbi @okb _òptl~|- ^k`| x`t` bx`ta`ss ~b kà ~k` `ba` js ~k` obtbtj~lbm kjn ptokjs`n ~k` ajmn gtbi ~k` ol~| hbw`tmi`m~ bt ~k` t`wlbps gt``kban`ts! ~k`| eps~ nlnm“~ db~k t

xl~k ~k` mlo`~l`s bg ~k` kbpslmh ajxs6 hlwlmh ~k` boopjm~s ~li` ~b a`jw` bm ~k`lt bxm- ^k`



48

gbaabxlmh mlhk~ jg~`t ~k` obm~tjo~ xjs slhm`n ~k` ~kphs ibw`n lm jmn s~jt~`n ~k` oa`jtjmo` jmn

p~ p ~k` kbjtnlmhs ~kj~ xbpan f`` bp~ ~k` szpj~~`ts-

‑^kj~“s ~k` xj| ~k` sl~`s jt` a`g~ js ì~| wjojm~ dplanlmhs gbt ibm~ks! sbi`~li`s |`jts-

L“w` s``m j obpa` bg sl~`s ~kj~ kjw` d``m bxm`n d| bm` Obtbtj~lbm al` ì~| gbt sl{ |`jts! jmn

~k`| s~laa nbm“~ abbf alf` l~“s hblmh ~b nb jm|~klmh ~b ~k` sl~`!’ _jmntj sjln bw`t ~k`

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

%%%%%

K` paa`n p bp~sln` ~k` M``na` Nbi` ^bx`t- ^k` ojt jtf xjs gpaa bg nlsps`n jmn dptm~

bp~ w`kloa`s tjmhlmh gtbi ~k` ijsslw` s`w`m ~tjla`t tbjn ~tjlm ojds ~b ~k` sijaa spd obijo~s- Lm

ajo`s k` obpan s`` ~k` jmha`s ojts x t` j~ lmnloj~`n ~k`| kjn d``m lmwbaw`n lm `{abslbms!

tbdjda| gtbi aboja hjmhs kjwlmh ~ptg dj~~a s- ^k` alhk~s ~kj~ xbpan kjw` laapilmj~ n ~k` ojt)

jtf mb abmh t xbtf`n- Kjwlmh kjn ~k` alhk~lmh glaji`m~s s~ba`m! dps~`n bt gjla gtbi psjh` abmh

jhb- Kls fmbxa`nh` bg ~k` ol~| ~ban kli ~kj~ ~k` M``na` Nbi` ^bx`t bmo` pbm j ~li` xjs bm`

bg ~k` ijlm j~~tjo~lbms bg ~k` Ol~|- ^k` bds`twj~lbm aj~gbti t`s~jptjm~ xjs xbtan gjibps gbt l~s

gbbn- ^k`m sl{~| |`jts jhb @okb ^bx`t _ptjdjm xjs obms~tpo~`n jmn b`m`n d| ~k` Xbtan

St`sln`m~- ^k` gabj~lmh t`s~jptjm~ dòji` ~k` ajo` ~b d` s``m jmn `ba` gabof`n ~b l~! ~k`

M``na` Nbi` ~bx`t abs~ l~s j ja- ^k`m >3 |`jts jhb _ptjdjm Ol~| Hbw`tmi`m~ oabs`n l~ js l~xjs obs~lmh j obpa` bg ilaalbm j |`jt jmn ~k`| obpan mb~ jggbtn l~-

_jmntj oalid`n bgg jmn ~jflmh kls kjmn sk` a`n kli ~b j dps~`n xlmnbx jm` m`jt xk`t`

~k` abdd| glmlsk`n jmn ~k` bgglo`s ~kj~ ijn` p ~k` glts~ glw` gabbts s~jt~`n- Bmo` ~k`| xk`t`

lmsln` ~k` abdd|! k` sjx j `{jmslw` jt`j xl~k gbpt s`jtj~` tò`~lbm n`sfs jmn jdbw` ~kì

x`t` ~k` slhms bg ~k` ajs~ obijml`s ~b ps` ~k` bgglo` sjo` lm ~k` nbi`- ^k`| gbpmn ~k` bma|

xbtflmh alg~ ~b d` j~ ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` skjg~! xklok k` hp`ss`n mbtijaa| lmnloj~`n mb bm` xjs

bm ~k` bds`twj~lbm aj~gbti bt ~k` ~b bg ~k` nbi`- ^k`| ~tjwàa`n p ~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` nbi`!xjaflmh bp~ bm ~b ~k` sptgjo`- ^k`| xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` nbi` s~jt~`n ~b hb nbxm jmn dòji`

njmh`tbps- ^k` `m~lt` nbi` xjs ijn` gtbi hjawjmls`n _`~jnjt jmàs xàn`n ~b j t`lmgbto`n

_`~jnjt gtji` xbtf- K` kjn s``m ~à` tbhtjis ~kj~ ~ban ~k` s~bt| bg ~k` obms~tpo~lbm bg ~k`

nbi` jmn ~k` spbt~lmh ~bx`t js xàa- ^k`| sj~ nbxm abbflmh mbt~k! bp~ jotbss ~k` ol~|

~bxjtns ~k` Obii`tolja jmn obtbtj~` o`m~t` bg O`m~tja! _bp~k Nbofs jmn @js~ _~`wtjm

Nls~tlo~s-

^k` mlhk~ sf| jdbw` xjs oa`jt `{o`~ gbt ~k` bnn oabpn- ^k` s~jts ~kj~ ijn` p ~k`

k`jw`m ~xlmfa`n jmn abbf`n nbxm pbm ~k` jlt- _jmntj ajo`n k`t kjmn jtbpmn kls xjls~ jmn

kàn kli ~lhk~- K` obpan g`à ~kj~ ~k` kbanlmh xjs jggò~lbmj~` dp~ l~ ilss`n sbi`~klmh! k` obpan



mb~ xbtf bp~ xkj~ l~ ilss`n- Lm ~k` sf| ga`x skbt~ kjpa jss`mh`t ajm`s! ojthb ajm`s jmn

spdbtdl~jas! js ~k`| ga`x gbpt ~b glw` kpmnt`n jss`mh`ts j~ s``ns lm `{o`ss bg Ijok s`w`m jmn

`lhk~- L~ xbpan ~jf` j spdbtdl~ja gbpt kbpts ~b ga| gtbi _ptjdjm ~b @okb Ol~| xk`t` jm ban s~|a`

e`~ ajm` xbpan ~jf` 44 kbpts-

^k` jlt s`m~ j hbbn xkla` ~k`t`! eps~ abbflmh bp~ j~ ~k` sf| sotj`ts bg O`m~tja!

xj~oklmh ~k` balo`! aboja m`xs jmn tjnlb s~j~lbm okb`ts! js ~k`| x`m~ jdbp~ ~k`lt dpslm`ss-

^k`| db~k tbaa`n jmn sabxa| sibf`n jm `m~lt` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn ajphk`n j~ sbi` bg ~k`lt

jnw`m~pt`s lm _ptjdjm- ^k` sbpmns ~kj~ ntlg~`n p ~b ~kì x`t` ~k` slt`ms bg aboja jmn @okb

^òk _òptl~| w`kloa`s s``nlmh nbxm ~k` tbjns! ~k` aboja ì`th`mo| t`sbms` pml~s! jmn eps~

~k` sbpmns bg w`kloa`s ibwlmh jtbpmn js xàa js ol~| alg`-

K` sjx _jmntj abbf p jmn sk` blm~`n j~ k`t gjwbptl~` s~jt skj`! k` sjx l~ jmn sila`n!

m`l~k`t bg ~kì xjm~lmh ~b n`s~tb| ~k` sòlja boojslbm ~kls xjs-

_jmntj abbf`n lm~b ~k` gjo` bg Mlof jmn sjx kjlm`ss! eb| jmn xkj~ sk` ~kbphk~ xjs

pmobmnl~lbmja abw` gbt k`t-

‛ Jt` |bp ~k` bm` _jmntj! jt` |bp ~k` bm` L“i i`jm~ ~b s`mn i| alg` xl~k2“ Mlof ~kbphk~-

K` ~bb abbf`n lm~b _jmntj“s gjo` jmn sjx kjlm`ss j~ d`lmh k`t` xl~k kli-

_jmntj ~kbphk~ xklas~ sl~~lmh bm ~k` Nbi`! xl~k ~k` `tsbm sk` kb`n xbpan dòbi` k`t

jt~m`t! ‛ Ipi! njn L xlsk |bp x`t` jalw` mbx ~b s`` i` jmn jasb ~b xàobi` ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms“

m`x`s~ iìd`t L ~klmf-“

Jg~`t ~klt~| ilmp~`s kjn jss`n! dp~ l~ obpan kjw` d` j obpa` bg kbpts gbt jaa ~k` jlt

ojt`n- _jmntj sjln! ‑Bm` ibt` ajo` ~b hb Mlof! nb |bp tììd`t L sjln ~b a`~ |bptsàg hb jmn

sj| hbbn d|` ~b Mlof2’

‑\`jk L nb-’

‑^k`m nb sb jmn a`~ i` jmn ~k` hp|s skbx |bp xkj~ |bp obpan abbf jmn g`à alf`!’ sk`

jps`n gbt j dl~! ‑lm t jal~|- Lg L ji tlhk~ ~k`m ~k` Jo`s Hjmh ls hblmh ~b d` lm gbt j skbof-’

‑Bf-’ Mlof tàl`n silalmh `wlaa| ~b k`t sàg- J~ ~kls k` fm`x ‛Mlof“ xjs bm kls ajs~ g`x

ilmp~`s bg alg`- ‛ D` xjtm`n! gbt ~k` Dajof Gjlt| tls`s-“

%%%%%



4<

Okj~`t >

^k` jlt ~tjwàa`n djof ~b xk`t` ~k` ib~btdlf` xjs jtf! jmn k` ntbw` djof ~b ~k` kbps`

xk`t` ~k`| `m~`t`n ~ktbphk ~k` sln` nbbt! bm ~k` sln` jaa`| ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` hjtn`m-K` xjs a`n d| _jmntj lm~b k`t d`ntbbi! xk`t` xk`m ~k`| kjn `m~`t`n k` abbf`n jtbpmn

~k` tbbi- ^k` tbbi xjs jdbp~ ~k` sji` slu` js kls ban tbbi- J gl~~`n xjtntbd` alm`n ~k` xjaa

~kj~ djof`n bm~b ~k` b~k`t ajth` d`ntbbi! j nt`sslmh ~jda` sj~ bbsl~` jabmh xl~k j obpa` bg

skàwlmh pml~s bm xklok xjs j g`x dbbfs jmn b~k`t l~ìs bg _jmntj“s- ^k` gabbt xjs balsk`n

xbbn`m ajilmj~`- J nbpda` d`n! xl~k j d`n sln` ~jda` bm `jok sln`! sj~ pmn`t ~k` xlmnbx- Jm

bgglo` s~|a` okjlt sj~ pmn`t ~k` nt`sslmh ~jda` jmn j obpa` bg `js| okjlts sj~ bm ~k` obttlnbt

xjaa-

K` kjmn`n kls ejof`~ ~b _jmntj xkb kpmh l~ gtbi ~k` obj~ kbbfs! d`klmn ~k` nbbt ~k`|

x`t` eblm`n d| _jmntj“s dbb~ fmlg` jmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh- _jmntj ~k`m a`n kli ~b ~k` okjlt

pmn`t ~k` nt`sslmh ~jda` jmn sj~ kli nbxm- ‑L xjm~ ~b jsf |bp sbi`~klmh-’

‑Bf! jsf jxj|!’ k` tàl`n abbflmh kjla| lm~b ~k` `|`s bg kls gtl`mn jmn mbx jt~m`t-

‑Xlaa |bp Mlof! jaabx i` ~b ~tjmsgbti |bp! gtbi xkb |bp jt` mbx lm~b xkb x` db~k

fmbx |bp jt` lmsln` k`t`2’ jmn sk` s~jdd`n k`t glmh`t lm~b kls ok`s~-

‑L nb!’ k` tàl`n-

‑Pmnt`ss ~k`m! ~b~jaa|-’ _jmntj k`jn`n gbt k`t xjtntbd` s~jt~lmh ~b tpiijh` ~ktbphk l~-

K` nln eps~ ~kj~ k` pmnt`ss`n tìbwlmh jaa bg kls oab~k`s lmoapnlmh ~k` gìja` fmlof`ts

jmn ~k` ~b k` kjn xbtm `jtal`t- K` fm`x kls k|slzp` xjs mb~ ~bb djn! ~bm`n jmn kbm`n d| ~k`

o|oalmh jmn ~k` skjnbx sjttlmh k` nln- Ibs~ x``f`mns k` xbpan nb j hbbn gbt~| ila`s lm ~k`

klhk`t h`jts jmn ~k` tbp~` mbtijaa| lmoapn`n j~ a`js~ ~xb hbbn klaa oalids- Kls _pinjt

jg~`tmbbms x`t` s`m~ lm ~k` hjtn`m bg kls ban kbi` skjnbx glhk~lmh jmn tpmmlmh ~ktbphk ~k`

wjtlbps gbtis jmn s`zp`mo`s k` kjn d``m ~jphk~ nptlmh kls alg` bm ~k` tbjn- ^k` bm` jnwjm~jh`

k` fm`x k` kjn xjs! k` kjn j ab~ a`ss dbn| kjlt ~kjm ibs~ i`m! lmoapnlmh kls njn! jmn ibs~ bg l~

xjs t`jaa| alhk~ lm obabpt jmn nlgglopa~ ~b s`` jhjlms~ kls sflm-

‑Kbx ipok sibflmh ~`tilmbabh| nb |bp pmn`ts~jmn2’ _jmntj jsf`n abbflmh tlhk~ j~

Mlof“s gjo` jg~`t okòflmh ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` dbn| bw`t- ‛\bp jt` hblmh ~b ijf` bm` kàa bg j hbbn

abbflmh Wl{`m-“

‑J dl~- L fmbx xkj~ j xj~`tl` jmn j j~jt jt` jmn kbx ~b tbaa j olhjt`~~`! dp~ ~kj~“s

jdbp~ l~! pm~la L oji` k`t` L kjw` m`w`t `w`m sibf`n j olhjt`~~`-’

‑_`` i| bpok2’ sk` sjln blm~lmh ~b ~k` bpok bm k`t dà~- ‑H`~ ~k` ~lm bp~ jmn abjn ~k`

dap` xj~`tl` xl~k Ojidjt-’



‑Bf-’ K` kb`n mb bm` xjs hblmh ~b xjaf lm xklas~ k` xjs lm kls optt`m~ s~j~`- K` s~bbn

jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` _jmntj xjs s~laa tpiijhlmh ~ktbphk ~k` ok`s~ bg ntjxs lmsln` ~k`

xjtntbd`- K` ~bbf ~k` ~lm bp~! b`m`n l~ jmn sobb`n bp~ sbi` Ojidjt- K` abjn`n ~k`

xj~`tl` alf` _jmntj kjn t`zp`s~`n-

Jg~`t k` kjn abjn`n l~! _jmntj sjln! ‑Dtlmh l~ k`t`-’

K` xjaf`n ~bxjtns k`t ojtt|lmh ~k` xj~`tl`-

_jmntj s~bbn jmn ~bbf ~k` xj~`tl`! sk` ~bbf k`t alhk~`t bp~ bg ~k` bpok jmn al~ l~- Jg~`t

p~~lmh ~k` ajth` `mn jhjlms~ k t ibp~k sk` ~bbf j hbbn ntjx gtbi ~k` xj~ tl` xklok dpdda`n

js sk` nt`x ~k` sibf` ~ktbphk ~k` l` jmn ~ktbphk ~k` xj~`t- Jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k` sibf` lm ~k`

abmh ~pd` sk` kjmn`n l~ ~b kli jabmh xl~k ~k` alhk~`t-

K` jasb ~bb ~bbf j hbbn ntjx gtbi l~! ~kls ~li` bma| obphklmh j g`x ~li`s js ~k` xj~`t

obba`n ~k` kb~ sibf`- K` kàn l~ lm gbt j g`x sòbmns `{kjalmh ~k` sibf` sabxa|-

_jmntj s~bbn p kbanlmh j dajof obts`~ xklok sk` kjn ~jf`m gtbi j kjmh`t lm ~k` ijlm

xjtntbd` sò~lbm- _k` jss`n kli l~ jabmh xl~k j ij~oklmh ~kbmh- K` s~``n lm~b ~k` ~kbmh jmn

paa`n l~ p- k` g`àlmh bg kli paalmh l~ p xjs ~k` n`j~k dabx bg ‛Mlof“- Gbt ~k` m`{~ kbx

`w`t abmh l~ ~bbf k`t ~tp` abw` ~b ~tjmsgbti ‛Mlof“ gtbi kls optt`m~ s~j~` ~b ~k` m`x jmn

litbw`n `tsbm xjs k`t obobbm s~jh`- ^k` gìja` ~b ì`th` ~k` b~k`t sln` xbpan ~jf` ~k` xjt

~b ~k` Obtbtj~lbms ~kj~ n`s`tw`n k`t t`~tldp~lbm-

_jmntj ibw`n jtbpmn ~b k`t djof xtjlmh ~k` obts`~ jtbpmn k`t- ^k` gtbm~ ilnna` xjs

kbbf`n gtbi ~k` db~~bi ~b ~k` ~b- _jmntj ~lhk~`m`n ~k` tlddbm pm~la ~k` obts`~ xjs ~lhk~ dp~ mb~

pmobigbt~jda`- _jmntj ~k`m ~bbf j db{ gtbi ~k` ~b bg ~k` ok`s~ bg ntjx`ts! b`m`n l~ jmn ~bbf

bp~ ~xb dt`js~ gbtis xklok sk` sal`n lm~b ~k` tlhk~ aboj~lbms- _k` tìbw`n ~kì jmn jal`n j

hap`| spds~jmo` ~b ~k` gaj~ djof jmn gbt j sòbmn ~li` sk` bsl~lbm`n ~kì jmn s~``n djof-

_k` sila`n jmn mbnn`n k`t jtbwja j~ ~k` xj| ~k` m`x iìd`t xjs d`hlmmlmh ~b abbf- ‑_``

xkj~ L i`jm! L ~klmf jk`jn- _l~ lm ~k` okjlt jmn ^lmj jmn L xlaa nb |bpt ijf`p- \bp xjm~ j

ntlmf2’

‑\`jk a`js`-’ _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` okjlt lm gtbm~ bg ~k` nt`ss`t jmn sj~ nbxm! xjl~lmh gbt

_jmntj jmn ^lmj ~b t`~ptm-

%%%%%

_jmntj xjaf`n bp~ jmn k`jn`n ~b ~k` gtlnh` jmn ~bbf ~xb ajh`ts bp~- _k` sjx ^lmj

abbflmh j~ k`t xl~k j gjo` ~kj~ sln`! ‛xkj~“s kj`mlmh kpm2“_k` sila`n djof jmn ibp~k`n! ‑_kjaa x` njmo` kpm-’

^lmj“s k`jn mbnn`n jm jtbwlmh xj| jmn ~j`n Jds bm ~k` jti-



?:

‑L~“s jaibs~ ~li` ~b xàobi` bpt mlm~k iìd`t-’

‑L“aa h`~ `w`t|~klmh t`jn|- J Nà~ ?08 |bp ~klmf2’ Jds tàl`n-

‑\`jk!’ jmsx`t`n ^lmj js sk` hb~ p jmn ~bbf k`t hajss- _k` gbaabx`n _jmntj ~bxjtns

_jmntj“s d`ntbbi-

Js ^lmj xjs nlsj`jtlmh ~ktbphk ~k` obttlnbt nbbt sk` xjs xjaflmh ~ktbphk ~k` gtbm~

nbbt k`jnlmh gbt ~k` hjtjh` jmn ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms jts`mja-

_jmntj xjaf`n djof lm xl~k ^lmj oabs` d`klmn- ^lmj oabs`n ~k` nbbt jmn ~k` jlt abbf`n j~

Mlof jmn ^lmj xjaf`n ~bxjtns Mlof ~klmflmh jdbp~ sbi`~klmh-

‑Ojm x` nb ~kls xl~kbp~ |bp s``lmh ~k` t`spa~s pm~la ~k` `mn2’

‑Bf! L hp`ss! js abmh js L ojm s~laa ntlmf*’

_jmntj xjaf`n ~b ~k` xjtntbd` jmn b`m`n l~! sk` kjn jm ln`j kbx abmh ^lmj xjs hblmh

~b d` bw`t ~k` djs` ijf`p! ~kls hjw` k`t jdbp~ ~klt~| ilmp~`s ~b h`~ ~k` l~ìs gbt Mlof ~b x`jt-

Kban)Ps x`t` j ips~ js Mlof nln alf` ~b x`jt s~boflmh j~ blm~s js sk` kjn gbpmn mpi`tbps

jlts xk`m sk` kjn dtbf`m lm-

_k` ~bbf j jlt bp~ bg ~k` ~b ntjx`t- _k` ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ^lmj xjwlmh ~b h`~ k`t j~~`m~lbm-^lmj abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sk` blm~`n j~ k`t dbb~s jmn ~k`m j~ Mlof“s skb`s jmn ibp~k`n! ‛_lu`2“

^lmj d`m~ nbxm! htjdd`n bm` jmn ~bss`n l~ j~ _jmntj- _jmntj ojphk~ ~k` pmn`tjti abd jmn

abbf`n lmsln` jmn sjx ~k` slu` sjln `lhk~- _k` sila`n js sk` xjs kjn ~k` sji` slu` g``~- _k`

d`m~ nbxm jmn ~bbf bp~ bm` bg k`t sjt` _`~jnjt ^b` Oj`n Dlf`t Dbb~s- Xl~k ~k` dbb~s x`m~

j jlt bg k`t Dajof `lhk~ lmok xln` djhhl`s- ^k`s` x`t` sbbm eblm`n d| bm` bg ~k` ij~oklmh ~bs

sk` kjn- _k` tìbw`n k`t ~b jmn sal`n ~k` b~k`t bm` ~b ij~ok ~k` bm` Mlof xjs hblmh ~b

x`jt- _k` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ^lmj xjs ja|lmh ~k` xkl~` s`~~lmh bxn`t-

%%%%%

^lmj ~bbf j dalmngban gtbi ~k` ~b ntjx bg ~k` nt`ss`t jmn ajo`n l~ bw`t Mlof“s `|`s!

silalmh js sk` nln- ^lmj ~ptm`n jmn b`m`n _jmntj“s nt`ss`t sln` ntjx`ts xklok t`w`ja`n

_jmntj“s ijlm ijf`)p spa|6 ~kls xjs eblm`n d| _jmntj“s sijaa ~tjwàalmh ojs`- _k`

tpiijh`n ~ktbphk ~k` db~~bi a`g~ ntjx jmn gbpmn j m`x! pm)b`m`n Hb~kjh` Xkl~` Ij~~

Obmo`ja`t Gbpmnj~lbm sk` ~bbf l~ bp~ jabmh xl~k j ajth` ~pd bg ibls~ptlu`t- _k` b`m`n ~k`

ibls~ptlu`t jmn ~bbf sbi` jmn ijssjh`n l~ lm~b Mlof“s gjo`! xk`m ~k` ibls~ptlu`t kjn hbm` sk`



jal`n ~k` Obmo`ja`t Gbpmnj~lbm jmn ~kj~ ~bb xjs ijssjh`n lm pm~la l~ xjs j ~klm aj|`t

obw`tlmh `mbphk bg ~k` skjnbx ~b ijf` `ba` xbmn`t! js ^lmj fm`x xk`m Mlof s~jt~`n

kbtibm`s l~ xbpan d` sb ipok `jsl`t ~b obw`t ~k` skjnbx js ~k` s``n l~ ht`x sabx`n jmn ~k`

kjlt dòji` glm`t-

_k` abbf`n j~ Mlof sj~ ~k`t` lm ~k` okjlt xklas~ sk` xjl~`n gbt ~k` gbpmnj~lbm ~b s`~

salhk~a|! sk` ~kbphk~! ‛ Lg |bp dtlmh eps~ |bpt sflaas lm à o~tbmlos jmn obip~ ts ~b ps! |bp jt`

hblmh ~b d` jm jss`~ ~b ps! dp~ s``lmh |bp alf` ~kls! L ~klmf |bp jt` hblmh ~b dtlmh sb ipok ibt !

xàobi` ~b ~k` Hjmhtàs xkj~`w`t |bp mji` |bptsàg- L~ xlaa d` j a`jspt` ~b xbtf jabmh sln`

|bp-“

Xk`m l~ kjn s`~ ~b ~k` blm~ sk` xjm~`n! sk` jal`n ~k` xkl~` glmlsklmh bxn`t- _k` ~bbf

~k` ajth` dtpsk jmn ~k` b~ bg abbs` bxn`t- _jmntj il{`n k`t bxm bp~ bg j salhk~a| ot`ji

glmlsklmh bxn`t jmn dtlhk~ xkl~` ~jaopi bxn`t- ^lmj njdd`n ~k` bxn`t jaa bw`t Mlof“s gjo`

jmn ~k`m alhk~a| dtpsk`n ~k` bxn`t sb l~ obw`t`n xkj~ l~ kjn ~b! lmoapnlmh ~k` ~b jmn sln` eblm

bg ~k` gbti ~b ~k` sflm-

_jmntj ~k`m xjaf`n bw`t ojtt|lmh sbi` oab~k`s jmn sila`n j~ ~k` xj| Mlof abbf`n-

Jg~`t Mlof kjn gà~ ~k` dtpsk ja|lmh sbi` glmlsklmh bx`t ~b kls gjo`! k` xjs s~bbn bm

jmn gà~ ~k` b~k`t gtl`mn saln` j jlt bg sbi`~klmh ~kj~ gà~ alf` j slaf|! w`t| glm` i`sk alf`

ij~`tlja- K` t`jals`n ~kj~ ~k`s` ips~ d` j jlt bg kban)p s~boflmhs-

K` ~k`m kjn kls tlhk~ gbb~ ajo`n lm~b xkj~ gà~ alf` j jlt bg dbb~s- K` xjs jaabx`n ~b

s~jmn xklas~ k` gà~ sbi`bm` okòflmh ~k` dbb~ gbt j gl~~lmh- L~ xjs tìbw`n jmn k` xjs sj~ djof

nbxm lm~b ~k` okjlt-

^lmj sjln ~b k`t! ‑Oabs` |bpt `|`s kpm- L“i jdbp~ ~b tìbw` |bpt dalmngban sb L ojm nb ~k`

ajs~ dl~! |bpt `|`s-’

_k` oabs`n ~kls `|`s jmn ~k` dalmngban xjs tìbw`n- _k` obpan g`à ~k` ibls~ptlu`t jmn

~k`m ~k` gbpmnj~lbm d`lmh jal`n ~b ~k` `|` jt`j jmn ~k` jt`j obw`t`n d| ~k` dalmngban- Xk`m

~k` s`~~lmh bxn`t kjn d``m jal`n! k` gà~ `|`)skjnbx d`lmh jal`n ~b ~k` `|` alns! ~kls

g`àlmh xjs gbaabx`n d| alzpln `|àlm`t xklok k` gà~ d`lmh jal`n ~b ~k` p`t alns jabmh ~k`

`nh` bg ~k` `|àjsk`s- ^k` jaloj~lbm bg ijsojtj xjs ~k` ajs~ ebd ^lmj nln- K` xjs j~ ajs~ jda`

~b ~jf` j sxlh gtbi kls ojm bg d``t-

_k` ~k`m gà~ j jlt bg ~tbps`ts d`lmh sal`n bm- _k` xjs ijn` ~b s~jmn sb ~k` ~tbps`ts

obpan d` paa`n tlhk~ p jmn gjs~`m`n- ^kls xjs gbaabx`n d| ~k` paalmh bm bg j ~b xklok

glmlsk`n kls abbf- K` gà~ kls tlhk~ gbb~ d`lmh alg~`n jmn ajo`n lm ~k` dbb~ jhjlm- Xk`m sk` xjs

gltia| lm~b ~k` dbb~ ~k` a`g~ a`h xjs alg~`n jmn ajo`n lm~b ~k` b~k`t dbb~-K` gà~ ~k` kjlt ~l` d`lmh tìbw`n gtbi ~k` ija` bm| ~jla k` xbt` jmn bm` bg ~k` jlt“s

kjmns salhk~a| okjmh` kls kjlt! tbdjda| ~b j salhk~a| ibt` gìlmlm` abbf-



??

^k` b~k`t bm` a`n kli j g`x g``~ jmn s~b`n kli sj|lmh! ‑B`m |bpt `|`s i| abw`t-’

K` b`m`n kls `|`s jmn abbf`n tlhk~ j~ j gpaa a`mh~k ilttbt- ^k` kpijm abbflmh djof xjs

~k` bm` gtbi k`t nt`jis- J t`ja dl~ok)abbflmh gìja` xl~k mloà| slu`n dt`js~s oa`jwjh` xjs

lial`n tj~k`t ~kjm skbxm nltò~a|- K`t kls x`t` mb~lo`jda` dp~ mb~ ~bb ajth`- ^k` dbb~s! sk`

xjs x`jtlmh! gà~ obigbt~jda`! jmn ~k` ~tbps`ts xk`t` bg ~k` djhh| wjtl`~| ibs~ Hl~ks t`g`tt`n!

xk`m mb~ x`jtlmh abmh sflt~s- ^k` ~b xjs ~lhk~ jmn |bp obpan eps~ s`` ~k` bp~alm` bg ~k` obts`~

~ktbphk l~- ‛ L m``n ~b obttò~ ~k` ilmbt lssp` bg ~k` gbtis jmn b~k`t ija` mb~lo`jda` dl~s-“ _k`

s~bbn abbflmh j~ ~k` xbijm abbflmh djof jmn fm`x xl~k bp~ jm| nbpd~ ~kj~ sk` kjn ijn` ~k`

tlhk~ okblo`-

^ktbphk ~k` kju` bg ~k` dlt~k sk` k`jtn _jmntj“s wblo` sj|lmh! ‑^lmj nln |bpt gjo` xkla` L

hb~ ~k` oab~k`s t`jn|-’

_k` t`jals`n ~kj~ ‛k`t“ xjs k`t` ~b s~j|- ‛ L“i mb~ d lmh fmbxm js Mlofl! ~kj~“s gbt spt`-“

_k` ~kbphk~ gbt j g`x sòbmns jmn nòln`n bm k`t m`x mji`-

‑^kjmf |bp db~k- L ~klmf L“aa d` ojaa`n Mldbaj Oja~bm ‟ bt Mlds gbt skbt~-’

_jmntj k`jtn ~k` mji` jmn ~kbphk~! ‛ L xjs sb tlhk~ xk`m L jsf`n ~k` hp|s jdbp~ jsflmh

|bp ~b eblm-“ ‑Xàobi` ~b ~k` Hjmhtàs! Mlds-’

Mlds ~ptm`n ~b gjo` _jmntj jmn sjx sk` xjs x`jtlmh j ij~oklmh ~b- K`t gjo` xjs bm` bg pt` kjlm`ss-

‑\`s xàobi` ~b ~k` Hjmhtàs! Mlds- A`~“s lm~tbnpo` bpt m`x`s~ iìd`t ~b ~k` b~k`ts!’

sjln ^lmj xl~k j kj| ~bm` lm k`t wblo`-

‑Eps~ obmglti sbi`~klmh gbt i`! ~k` Hjmhtàs jt` j s~t``~ hjmh2’

^lmj s~``n ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt ~b b`m l~ jmn sjln js sk` nln! ‑\`s! ^k` Hjmhtàs jt` j

_~t``~ Hjmh ~kj~ x` jaa! djt ^bi! dàbmh ~b-’

‑\`s! a`~“s-’ _jmntj ibw`n ~b k`t sln` s~`lmh ~ktbphk ~k` b`m nbbt salhk~a| jk`jn bg k`t- ^lmj eblm`n ~k` ~xb jmn dtbphk~ p ~k` t`jt-

_jmntj xjaf`n ~b ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi jmn b`m`n l~ jmn jaabx`n k`t ~b `m~`t glts~-

Sjpa sjx ~k` nbbt b`m jmn s~bbn p gtbi ~k` okjlt k` xjs sl~~lmh lm- K` ibw`n ~b s~jmn

d`sln` ~k` nbbt! eps~ js ~k` m`x`s~ iìd t `m~`t`n- K` ~bbf sbi`~klmh bp~ bg kls ~tbps`t bof`~

jmn ajo`n l~ jtbpmn Mlds“ mòf- ‑Ps` ~k` j~jt xl~k tln`-’

Mlds sjx ~kj~ Jds xjs s~jmnlmh d`sln` Sjpa- Lm k`t kjmns xjs jm b`m bpok! jmn lmsln`

xjs ~k` sji` slu` ~lm js `w`t|bm` às`“s! ~k` dà~ xjs j s~jmnjtn obidj~ p~lal~| dà~! j ab~ bg



_~t``~ Hkbs~s ps`n! js nln sk` xk`m sk` dtbf` lm ~b kbi`s- Jds xtj`n ~k` dà~ jtbpmn k`t

xjls~ sòptlmh l~ j~ ~k` gtbm~- _k` ~k`m ijn` spt` ~k` bpok xjs bm ~k` a`g~ kjmn sln` bg k`t

dbn|- ‑Jaxj|s f`` ~k` ~lm ~b`n p-’

_k` ~ptm`n jmn sjx `w`t|bm` lm ~k` tbbi xjs silalmh- _k` obia`~`n ~k` ~ptm jmn hjw`

_jmntj j flss bm ~k` als-

Jg~`t ~k` flss dtbf` _jmntj sjln! ‑Lm ~k` oàajt k`t` jmn j g`x b~k`t ajo`s ~ktbphkbp~ ~k`

ol~| x` kjw` `mbphk Ojidjt htbxlmh ~b spa| ps jaa jmn f`` ps spal`n jaa ~k` ~li`-’

‑^kjmf |bp jaa-’ _k` ibw`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi- Bma| bmo` d`gbt` lm k`t bt k`t alg` kjn

sk` gà~ sb xàobi`n! jmn ~kj~ xjs nptlmh Mlof“s alg` xklas~ sk` xjs alwlmh lm Ejttujt j~ ~k`

jt~| j obpa` bg x``fs d`gbt` sk` a g~ jmn x m~ ~b Tpepmwlj! ‛ L xbmn`t kbx ^jii`tlj“s

h`~~lmh bm2“-

‑Njtaj jasb kjs sbi`~klmh gbt |bp!’ sjln Jds silalmh slilajt sila`s js _jmntj! Sjpa jmn

~k` t`s~ bg ~k` `ba`-

%%%%%

^bi abbf`n p xk`m ~k` nbbt kjn b`m`n jmn Sjpa kjn ibw`n ~b s~jmn d`sln` ~k` nbbt-

K` s~jt`n js ~k` m`x jttlwja xjaf`n lm- K` sjx Sjpa ajo` j j~jt jtbpmn k`t mòf jmn ~k`m Jds

xtj`n j dà~ xl~k j bpok bm jtbpmn k`t xjls~- Jg~`t ibwlmh jxj| gtbi ~k` jlt sk` ~ptm`n

jmn hjw` j flss ~b _jmntj xkb t`~ptm`n ~k` flss- K` sjx Sjpa xjs silalmh ibt` ~kjm jm|bm`

às` j~ ~kls jo~lbm- ^k` flss dtbf` jmn ~k` xbijm `m~`t`n ~k` alwlmh tbbi tb`t! xk`t` k` sjx

k`t ~jf` ~k` ~lm gtbi k`t bpok jmn abjn ~k` l`-

K` ~kbphk~! ‛Xk`m L xjaf`n lm~b ~k` jt~| L xjs lm k`jw`m!“ dp~ ~b abbf j~ ~k` m`x`s~

jttlwja k` fm`x k` xjs ilsslmh sbi`~klmh lm kls alg`- K` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n bw`t! jsflmh! ‑Ij|

L jsf |bpt mji` ijnji2’

‑\bp ij|!’ ~k` xbijm“s tàl`n! ‑I| mji` ls Mldbaj Oja~bm bt Mlds gbt skbt~-’

‑Kjmh bm! L fmbx ~kj~ wblo`-’ K` s~jt`n lm p~~`t skbof js k` t`jals`n k` xjs ~jflmh ~b

Mlof! dp~ ~kls xjs mb~ Mlof- ‑Mlof2’ k` {oajli`n jmn jsf`n j~ ~k` sji` ~li`-

‑Mlof ‟ xkb“s Mlof2’ oji` Mlds“ tà|! ‑Mlof ls n`jn- Mlds mbx lmkjdl~s ~kls dbn|-’

K` k`jtn ~tp` obmgln`mo` lm k`t wblo` jmn ~k` salhk~ sabpok Mlof kjn xjs hbm`! Mlds

s~bbn s~tjlhk~ jmn kàn k`t k`jn klhk- ‑\bp“w` okjmh`n Mlof sbi`kbx _jmntj-’ ‛ L xlsk L kjn

sbi`bm` xkb xbpan nb ~kj~ gbt i -“ K` xjs pmkj| lmsln` js k` kjn j g`àlmh k` xbpan m`w`t

glmn ~tp` abw`- ^k` flss Mlds kjn hlw`m _jmntj skbx`n ~tp` abw`! abw` gbt jm `zpja-

%%%%%



?0

Mlds abbf`n j~ ^bi js k` t ~ptm`n ~b kls s j~! jmn sjx ~kj~ `w`m ~kbphk bi kln l~ xàa!

k` xjs pmkj|- ‛Bm` nj| ^bi! L ~klmf ~kls `w`mlmh ls i` d`lmh lmwl~`n ~b eblm jmn gbt |bp ~b

d` kà`n-“ Njtaj s~bbn p oabsà| gbaabx`n d| Jmhà jmn Njil`à- Js ~k` jlt xjaf`n eps~

d`klmn Njtaj! sk` abbf`n j~ ~kì s` lmh ~xb w`t| kj| ln`m~loja gìja`s- Njtaj xjs ojtt|lmh j

abmh db{ xl~k ~k` oal ~b b`m l~ gjolmh k`t- Njtaj kàn ~k` db{ sb sk` obpan b`m l~! lmsln` xjs

jm `lhk~)lmok obidj~ sptwlwja fmlg` jmn sojddjtn- Jmhà jmn Njil`à db~k ibw`n jtbpmn Njtaj

jmn flss`n k`t bm `jok ok``f- _k` ibw`n ~b ~k` s`j~ Ebmj~kjm jmn Ilokàaj kjn wjoj~`n gbt k`t

jmn _jmntj- _k` sjx `w`t|bm` lm ~k` tbbi xjs silalmh j~ xàobilmh j m`x iìd`t- _k` fm`x

~kj~ ~kls nj| sk` kjn a`g~ ~k` xbtan bg j abm`t jmn `m~`t`n ~k` xbtan xk`t` ~k` xkba` bg ~k`

Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh xjs k`t gtl`mn-

%%%%%

:0~k Epxjt

J~ ~xb lm ~k` ibtmlmh Sjpa sphh`s~`n! ‑A`~“s hb jmn kjw` sbi` gpm xl~k ~k` w`m~s-’

^k` ~klt~``m `ba` xkb x`t` s~laa `meb|lmh ~k` jt~| jaa s~bbn silalmh! js ~kls kjn ~ptm`n

lm~b j ht`j~ jt~|! ~k` xàobilmh bt j m`x iìd`t! jmn mbx kjwlmh gpm xl~k ~k` ‛W`m~s“-

‑\`jk!’ t`sbmn`n j g`x bg ~k` jt~| hb`ts js ~k`| s~bbn p ~b gbaabx kli-

K` k`jn`n lm~b ~k` d`ntbbi obttlnbt jmn htjdd`n ~k` a`j~k`t ejof`~s jmn kbas~`t tlhs gtbi~k` obj~ kbbfs eps~ lmsln` ~k` nbbt- Jds jmn ^lmj db~k k`jn`n gbt ~k`lt tbbi xklok xjs d`sln`

~k` sln` nbbt- Jg~`t k` kjn jss`n jaa ~k` tìjlmlmh ejof`~s bp~! k` k`jn`n gbt ~k` gjt~k`s~ nbbt

bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` obttlnbt ~b _jmntj“s jmn ^lmj“s jmn Jds“ tbbi- K` xjaf`n bp~! j

obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t x`jtlmh kls kbas~`t xklok kpmh gtbi kls dà~ eps~ lm gtbm~ bg kls bpok-

Bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` xjs j sòbmn b`m ~b`n bpok! lm l~ x`t` gbpt ijhjulm`s- Sjpa xjs

salnlmh kls a`g~ jti lm~b kls ejof`~- Xk`m k` kjn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi! Njtaj jss`n kli

j obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! xklok k` oal`n ~b kls dà~ eps~ d`klmn ~k` ijhjulm` bpok- K` ~k`m jss`n ~k` xlt`s p kls djof jmn bw`t kls skbpan`t- Jds gbaabx`n d| ^lmj xjaf`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh

tbbi x`jtlmh ~k`lt ejof`~s jmn obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs-

Xklas~ ~k` b~k`ts x`t` ibwlmh Mlds s~bbn jmn xjl~`n gbt k`t ejof`~ jmn obiipmloj~lbm

s|s~ì- _jmntj k`jn`n gbt k`t d`ntbbi jmn htjdd`n ~k` ~xb a`j~k`t ejof`~s _jmntj jmn k`t kjn

xbtm `jtal`t ~kj~ `w`mlmh-

_jmntj jasb ~bbf j sòbmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh gtbi ~k` kbbf d`sln` ~k` nbbt- _k` oji`

djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi6 sk` ~kt`x ~k` skbpan`t kbas~ t jmn a j~k`t ejof ~ ~b Mlds-



Mlds sal`n ~k` skbpan`t kbas~`t bm- _k` sjx Jds xjaf djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi jmn

k`jn gbt k`t ojtt|lmh j sòbmn ls~ba- K`t kjmn htjs`n jtbpmn ~k` bp~sln` bg ~k` ~tlhh`t hpjtn-

Lm k`t b~k`t kjmn xjs gbpt ijhjulm`s- Jds kjmn`n k`t jm @okb Nà~ -?08 k`jw| jp~bij~lo

ls~ba jabmh xl~k ~k` > ijhjulm`s-

‑^kj~“s |bpts Mlds! j xàobi` ~b ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms t`s`m~!’ sjln Jds js sk` sila`n jmn

saln ~k` ls~ba kbi` lm~b ~k` kbas~`t-

_k` gà~ hbbn jmn kj| ~b d` xàobi`n-

‑Kbx jt` |bp xl~k jm _IH2’ jsf`n _jmntj xk`m sk` kjn glmlsk`n p~~lmh k`t ejof`~ bm-

_k` xjs ojtt|lmh j KF88 _IH-

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! xk|2’

‑Xk`m x` hb bp~ kjwlmh gpm L mbtijaa| ps` ~kls-’ _k` skbx`n k`t ~k` KF88 _IH! ‑Bt

jm I44 Jssjpa~ Ojtdlm`-’

Jm `wla htlm st`jn jotbss k`t gjo`- _jmntj jss`n ~k` x`jbm ~b k`t jabmh xl~k glw` gpaa

dajmf gltlmh ijhjulm s- _k` sal`n ~k` salmh bw t k`t k`jn jmn tlhk~ skbpan`t- _k` ibw`n ~k`

x`jbm ~b k`t djof jmn ~bbf ~k` ijhjulm`s _jmntj kjn kjmn`n k`t- ^k`s` x`m~ lm~b ~k` ~xb

gtbm~ bof`~s bg k`t ejof`~- _k` oal`n ~k` bof`~s oabs`n jmn ul`n p ~k` gtbm~ bg k`t ejof`~

jmn gbaabx`n `w`t|bm` às` bp~ bg ~k` kbps` jmn nbxm ~k` s~`s-

Js sk` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` kbps` sk` k`jtn Njtaj jsf! ‑\bp obilmh ^bi bt jt` |bp s~j|lmh

k`t`2’

‑Kbx ojm L2 L“w` mb~ hb~ j ejof`~ bt dlf`-’ tàl`n ^bi-

‑\bp kjw` mbx-’ Sjpa nlsj`jt`n ~bxjtns kls tbbi! jmn t`~ptm`n xl~k j a`j~k`t ejof`~!

xklok k` jss`n ~b ^bi-

‑^tjmsbt~2’ xjs ~k` m`{~ zp`s~lbm ~kj~ oji` gtbi ^bi-

‑\bp ojm tln` xl~k i` ^bi!’ tàl`n Njtaj-

%%%%%

^k` htbp! xklok lmoapn`n ~kt`` ajth` ib~bt)~tlf`s jmn s`w`m ib~bt)dlf`s! ntbw` ~ktbphk

~k` s~t``~s ~bxjtns bm` bg ~k` ijm| obtbtj~` kbpslmh `s~j~`s ~kj~ `{ls~`n jabmh ~k` dbtn`ts bg

_bp~k O`m~tja jmn Tlokibmn Sjtf Nls~tlo~- ^k` `s~j~`s x`t` sijt~! oa`jm jmn xàa ijlm~jlm`n-

Ibs~ bg ~k` kjdl~j~lbm dabofs x`t` `l~k`t t`gjd slmha` s~bt`| kbi`s bt ~`m"à`w`m s~bt`| ~bx`t

dabofs ha`jilmh xl~k hajss! oa`jm s~ à jmn obmot`~ - @jok s~t``~ jmn tbjn ~k`| ntbw` ~ktbphk

xjs xàa ijlm~jlm`n xl~k ~jtijo6 ~k` b~)kba`s x`t` zplofa| glaa`n jmn t`jlt`n- ^k` jwì`m~sx`t` jhjlm lm ipok d`~~`t s~j~` ~kjm ~k` bm`s lm _bp~k O`m~tja- ^k` ~t``s jmn lm ajo`s dbtn`ts

bg dpsk`s x`t` ajm~`n lm sòlglojaa| ot`j~`n jt`js jmn mb~ eps~ s~loflmh ~ktbphk ~k` jwì`m~s



?8

jmn ~k` tbb~s sal~~lmh ~k` jwì`m~ js ~k`| smjf`n ~ktbphk ~k` htbpmn-

^k` htbp aj|`n okjs` js bm` xbpan tbjt ~ktbphk ~k` `s~j~`s xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp

gbaabxlmh j g`x sòbmns d`klmn- J~ sbi` epmo~lbms ~k`| s~b`n-

_k` abjn`n ~k` glts~ dajmf tbpmn- Sjpa xk`à sjm lm ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` htbp sk` paa`n

~k` ~tlhh`t jmn jli`n ~k` djttà lm~b ~k` jlt- ^k` flof gtbi ~k` jo~lbm xbtflmh jmn ~k` s`m~

ojslmh d`lmh ~ktbxm oa`jt x`m~ lm~b k`t àdbx- K`t fmbxa`nh` bg k`t bxm dbn| jmn ~k` alil~`n

obm~tba sk` kjn bw`t l~! sk` ~`ms`n p ~k` sflm jmn ipsoa`s xklok a`ss`m`n ~k` lijo~ bg ~k`

flof jhjlms~ ~k` àdbx- ^k` dajmf gltlmh ijflmh js ipok mbls` js ~k` t`ja dpaa`~s dp~ xl~k bp~

~k` tlsf bg j dpaa`~ kl~~lmh j olwlaljm js l~ oji` djof ~b `jt~k-

^k` htbp xklok mbx mpid`t`n ~`m ib~btdlf`s! glw` ib~bt)~tlf`s jmn j k`jw| b`m ~b

obmw`t~lda` paa`n p lm ~k` ojt)jtf dàbmhlmh ~b ~kt`` obtbtj~` bxm`n kbpslmh ~bx`t dabofs-

_jmntj ntbw` lm~b ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` oltoa` gbti`n jmn jg~`t sk` kjn abjn`n ~k` gbt~k ijhjulm`!

_jmntj sàò~`n sòbmn! paa`n jmn abof`n ~k` gtbm~ dtjf`- Js sk` glt`n ~k` glts~ tbpmn _jmntj

t`ww`n ~k` `mhlm` klhk jmn tà`js`n ~k` oap~ok jmn ~k` t`jt xk`à s~jt~`n ~b slm- _k` tà`js`n

~k` ~ktb~~a` jmn htjdd`n l~ jhjlm d`gbt` l~ obpan gpaa| t`s`~ jmn ~k` `mhlm` s~jaa! jmn t`ww`n ~k`

`mhlm` klhk jhjlm psklmh ~k` t`ws ~bxjtns ~k` t`n alm`-

Gtbi ~k` obmw`t~lda` oji` ~k` sx``~ sbpmns bg ^k` Kpm~t`ss“ sbmh! ‛^b Nl` Ban ls j _lm“-

Js _jmntj ~bbf ~k` dlf` jtbpmn lm j oltoa`! sk` obpan s`` ^bi abw`n l~-

^bi fm`x xk`m ^lmj kjn jsf`n kli ~b obi` k` fm`x ~k` jt~| xjs hblmh ~b d` gpm! k`

`meb|`n d`lmh jtbpmn ~k` Hl~ks jmn Hjmhtàs! ~k`| fm`x kbx ~b kjw` j hbbn ~li` jmn t`~~|

ipok `meb|`n alg`- ^k` bma| nbxm sln` bg hblmh ~b _bp~k O`m~tja Klhk xjs ~k` Jo`s jmn ~k`

dpaa|lmh k` kjn ntjxm ~k` dtpm~ bg! k` xjsm“~ w t| dlh jmn alf` Mlof jmn ibt` ~kjm alfà| Mlds!

k` kj~`n gbb~djja! k` kj~`n ibs~ sbt~s t`jaa|- Js _jmntj obia`~`n k`t glts~ ~kt`` sl{~| ~k`

htbp lmoapnlmh kli skbp~`n bm` jmn kjag xj| ~ktbphk k`t sòbmn k` sjx ~k` sòptl~| hpjtns

d`hlm ~b ibw` js ~k | kjn s~jt~`n ~b tò`lw` obiajlm~s gtbi ~k` t`sln m~s- Bm j g`x bg ~k` djaobml`s s~bbn jnpa~s xkb x`t` abbflmh nbxm jmht| j~ ~k` so`m` bg ~k` wjtlbps ib~bt w`kloa`s

t`wwlmh `mhlm`s jmn aj|lmh k`jw| tbof w`t| abpn- K` ~j`n Njtaj bm ~k` skbpan`t jmn blm~`n

j~ ~k` sòptl~| bgglo`ts js ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` nbbts-

Njtaj sbf` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑_òptl~|-’

K` htjdd`n ~k` kban s~tj js jaa ~k` dlf`s ntb`n lm~b glts~ jmn paa`n jxj|! j g`x

sàò~`n sòbmn jmn js ~k`| paa`n jxj| `l~k`t xk`à spm js ~k`| sabxa| tà`js`n ~k` gtbm~

dtjf`s bt paa`n xk` al`s js ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` tbp~` bp~ bg ~k` ojt)jtf- ^k` obmw`t~lda`“s t jt

xk`às sjm js l~ a`g~ ~k` ojt)jtf-



Jtbpmn 3?533DM ~k` htbp! xklok kjn j obpa` ibt` dlf`s db~k xl~k jss`mh`ts

t`~ptmlmh kbi` jg~`t oapddlmh bm ~k` ja~`tmj~lw` so`m`! t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` kbps`- ^k` htbp x`t`

jaa ajphklmh j~ sbi` bg ~k` jm~los ~k`| nln-

St`~~| ipok ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` x``f`mn xjs ~k`| sji`! iìd`ts bg ~k` so`m` ojaalmh jmn

hblmh! dp~ ~k` obt` bg ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! ^bi! jmn ~kt`` b~k`t `ba` eps~ f`~ ~k` jt~| ~loflmh

bw`t-

%%%%%

:7 ~k Epxjt :3533JM

Js Njtaj! Jmhà jmn Njil`à xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` nbbt! Sjpa jmn _jmntj x`t` s~jmnlmh lm

~k` ilnna` bg ~k` alwlmh tbbi- Mlds! ^lmj x`t` sj~ bm ~k` sbgj nbxm ~k` d`ntbbi xjaa jmn Jds

xjs sj~ bm ~k` bm` ~kj~ nlwln`n ~k` obgg`` ~jda` jmn ~k` tbeò~bt sot``m jt`j gtbi ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`

tbbi-

Js Njil`à oabs`n ~k` nbbt Jds ~ptm`n sjln! ‑_jmntj! |bp fmbx xkj~- Js Gtbnjt xjs ~k`

ajs~ nj| bg ~`ti gbt ps! x` skbpan hb ~b sokbba ~bibttbx jmn hlw` j o`t~jlm g`x s~pn`m~s bpt

hbbnd|` t`s`m~s-’

‑L kb` ~kj~ lmoapn`s i`- L xbpanm“~ ilmn ~kjmflmh j g`x `ba` xkb m``n ~b d` ~kjmf gbt

~k` ajs~ mlm` ibm~ks bg kàa-’ Mlds xjs silalmh k`t `wla sila` js sk` ijn` j i`m~ja als~ bg

`ba` xkb n`s`tw`n ~kjmflmh- J~ ~k` ~b xjs j Hjt| IoFtpnn`t 7 gbb~ > lmok s bg N`g`mslw`

Djof! js x`jf js ~k` m`{~ hp| xk`m gjolmh sbi`bm` ~tjlm`n lm s~t``~ glhk~lmh jmn xkb kjs

mb~klmh ~b abbs`- Lm sòbmn ajo` xjs _liblm` Sb~~`t j gàabx N`g`mslw` Djof dp~ k` jasb kjn j

gjs~ s`~ bg a`hs xk`m okjslmh ^lhk~ Tò`lw`ts! dp~ alf` IoFtpnn`t xjs x`jf js <0 bg jaa

`ba - Jaa l~ xbpan ~jf` xjs j g`x slia` ggò~lw` flofs jmn pmok s ~b ~k` tlhk~ sb~s bm ~k`

dbn| jmn db~k xbpan d` bm ~k`lt djofs- ^kltn ajo` x`m~ ~b N`~tlo Sb~s ~k` ~`ji“s ijlm _~tlf`

^ktbx`t- _k` kjn s``m N`~tlo tjo~lo` db{lmh lm ~k` H|i jmn k` jasb ~jphk~ sbi` bg ~k`

s~pn`m~s! `sòljaa| lg ~k`| x`t` gtbi ~k` ~`ji- ‛^jf` bp~ j db{`t“s a`hs jmn k`“s |bpts gbt ~k`

~jflmh-“

‑\`jk2’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj! ‑L ojm ~klmf bg j g`x `ba` xkb m``n j hbbnd|` t`s`m~-

^lmj! Jds2’

‑\`jk L ~klmf j g`x `ba` m``n j hbbnd|` hlg~ bg sbi` flmn2’ t`sbmn`n `jok bg ~kì-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` glw` kjn s`m~ j obpa` bg kbpts sbt~lmh bp~ ~k` alwlmh tbbi! Jds! ^lmj jmn Sjpa

kjn hbm` ~b d`n a`jwlmh _jmntj jmn k`t sj~ lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi js abw`ts nb! opnnalmh p ~b `jok



?<

b~k`t- ^k`| kjn sjln mb~klmh gbt ~k` ajs~ glg~``m ilmp~`s! dp~ ~k`| x`t` s~laa `{abtlmh `jok

b~k`t- D`lmh nlsaj|`n bm ~k` sot``m x`t` sbi` j~~`tms okjmhlmh js ~k` ipslo gtbi ~k`

obip~`t okjmh`n jmn ~tjwàa`n ~k` j~k ~k` obibs`t kjn xtl~~`m gbt l~-

_jmntj jsf`n! ‑Kbx nb |bp g`à i| abw`2’

‑Kbx nb L g`à2’ _k` jps`n jmn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ k`t jmsx`t- ‑L g`à xàobi`n! xjm~`n!

spbt~`n-’

_jmntj sila`n j~ ~k` jmsx`t sk` hjw`- ‑L ji sb kj| ~kj~ |bp joo`~`n ~k` bgg`t!

`sòljaa| jg~`t ~k` ajs~ ~`m ibm~ks-’

‑^k` ajs~ ~`m ibm~ks bp~sln` sokbba x`t` hbbn! jmn sbi`~li`s lm sokbba js xàa- ^k` ajs~

~`m ibm~ks x`t` ~k` opailmj~lbm bg ~k` ajs~ sl{ |`jts-’

‑\bp ips~ kjw` kjn sbi` jnw`m~pt`s jmn i`~ sbi` w`t| lm~`t`s~lmh `ba` lmn``n-’

‑Bk |`s! L“aa ~àa |bp sbi` bg ~kì! L“i ~lt`n kpm jmn m``n sbi` sa`` js L xjm~ ~b d` bm

i| d`s~ d`kjwlbpt gbt ~bibttbx jmn ~k` t`s`m~ hlwlmh-’

‑\`s x` skbpan h`~ sbi` sa``6 ~k` x``f`mn kjs d``m ~k` d`s~ jt~| lm zpl~` j xkla`- L

xlsk Ji| jmn Dlaa kjn d``m jda` ~b ijf` l~! L ~klmf ~k`| xbpan kjw` `meb|`n ~kìsàw`s js

xàa-’

^k`| hb~ p jmn _jmntj a`n k`t ~b k`t d`ntbbi jmn xk`m ~k` nbbt xjs oabs`n bm ~k`

bp~sln` xbtan- _k` ~ptm`n ~k` ijlm alhk~ dabof nbxm ~b j abx alhk~ xklok |bp obpan s`` `mbphk

~b `meb| `jok b~k`t-_jmntj sjm k`t tbpmn jabmh xl~k alhk~a| psklmh k`t jotbss ~k` tbbi pm~la ~k` djof bg

k`t fm``s kl~ ~k` `nh` bg ~k` d`n jmn sk` sj~ nbxm- _jmntj s~bbn s~jmnlmh bw`t k`t js sk`

abbf`n p j~ k`t alg` jt~m`t- _jmntj ~k`m a`m~ bw`t jmn paa`n bgg ~k` ~b sk` xjs x`jtlmh- Js

k`t als oji` lm~b wl`x _jmntj jhjlm flss`n k`t! ~kls ~li` xl~k j dl~ ibt` t`sspt`- K`t ~bmhp`

alhk~a| s~tbf`n jotbss k`t als xklok b`m`n jmn a`~ _jmntj“s ~bmhp` lm jmn sk` jasb t`~ptm`n ~k`

gjwbpt- ^k` flss dòji` jsslbmj~`- ^k` jlt ~k`m pmnt`ss`n jmn oalid`n lm~b d`n jmn gàa lm~b

j `jo`gpa sa`` lm `jok b~k`t“s jtis-

%%%%%

Js sk` ntb`n bgg lm~b j `jo`gpa sa`` aj|lmh bm ~k` d`n m`{~ ~b _jmntj sk` xjs

~klmflmh! ‛ L kjw` gbpmn i| alg` jt~m`t! L fmbx L kjw`-“



Okj~`t 0

Ibtb~k :8 ~k Epxjt

_k` b`m`n k`t `|`s jmn sjx nj|alhk~ obilmh ~ktbphk ~k` hjs lm ~k` k`jw| opt~jlms- _k`

alg~`n k`t k`jn jmn abbf`n bw`t j~ ~k` oabof bm _jmntj“s d`nsln` ~jda` l~ nlsaj|`n 3;533DM-

_k` ~k`m abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` tbbi jmn ~kbphk~! ‛Xk`t` ji L2 ^kls lsm“~ kbi`-“ _k` ~k`m abbf`n

j~ ~k` `tsbm sa``lmh d`sln` k`t! ‛ Mbx L tììd`t-“ _k` sila`n js ~k` `w`m~s bg ~k` x``f`mn

gabbn`n djof ~b k`t- _k` ~k`m abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` tbbi ~jflmh `jok l~ì! t`jals`n ~kls xjs mbx

kbi`- _k` sj~ p abbflmh nbxm j~ ~k` `tsbm sa``lmh d`sln` k`t- ^k` `tsbm sk` xjs abbflmh

j~! ~b k`t jm|xj|! xjs ~k` ibs~ d`jp~lgpa `tsbm sk` kjn `w`t s``m jmn l~ xjs mb~ lm ~k` abbfs

n`jt~i`m~ sk` sjx d`jp~|- @jok ~li` sk` abbf`n j~ _jmntj! sk` sjx j d`jp~| ~kj~ xjs ~k`

xkba` `tsbm- _k` sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` obw`ts! s~bbn p xbmn`tlmh xkj~ sk`

skbpan nb jdbp~ obw`tlmh k`t dbn|! dòjps` sk` m``n`n ~k` ~bla`~- _k` xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b ~k`

b`m xjtntbd` jmn abbf`n ~ktbphk ~k` wjtlbps oab~klmh l~ìs kpmh p- _k` gbpmn j dajof

nt`sslmh hbxm xklok sk` sal`n bm jmn ~l`n l~ j~ ~k` xjls~- _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` oabs`n d`ntbbi

nbbt jmn b`mlmh l~- _k` xjaf`n bw`t ~k` obttlnbt ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi bbsl~`- Js sk` `{l~`n

_jmntj“s tbbi sk` mb~lo`n j alhk~ xjs bm lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi jmn zpl`~ ipslo xjs ntlg~lmh

~ktbphk ~k` kbps`- _k` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` dj~ktbbi xklok xjs salhk~a| gpt~k`t nbxm ~k` bbsl~`

xjaa- ^k` tbbi xjs ~xb i`~t`s xln` d| glw` i`~t`s abmh xl~k ~k` skbx`t"dj~k jabmh bm` xjaa! j~bla`~ bbsl~` ~k` nbbt! jmn j slmf bm ~k` bbsl~` xjaa ~b ~k` dj~k- ^k` mbtija dj~ktbbi

ojdlm`~ bw`t ~k` slmf kjn j ilttbt bm l~- _k` sj~ bm ~k` ~bla`~! tj~k`t ~kjm s~bbn js sk` kjn nbm`

p ~b ~k` x``f`mn-

Pbm glmlsklmh sk` s~bbn p jmn ~bbf j kjtn abbf j~ k`t gjo` lm ~k` ilttbt! abbflmh gbt

daìlsk`s jmn ~klmhs ~kj~ x t` mb~ gìlmlm`- _k` sjx ~k` mbtija ~klmh bg ija` gjolja kjlt!

xklok sk` fm`x jaa ija` ~b gìja` ~tjmsh`mn`t`n spgg`t`n gtbi- B~k`txls`! ~k` glts~ ~klmh sk`

obpan s`` x`t` k`t `|`dtbxs mb~ `{jo~a| w`t| gìlmlm` abbflmh- ‛^kj~“s `js| ~b obttò~ xl~k j

jlt bt ~x`ù`ts jmn j ilttbt bt j gtl`mn-“ ^k` bma| b~k`t ija` jsò~! djt ~k` pspja tbdaì bg

~k` l~ì kjmhlmh d`~x``m k`t a`hs! xjs ~k` Jnji“s ja`- _k` abbf`n nbxm j~ k`tsàg- ‛ ^kj~

~klmh ls hblmh!“ _k` ~kbphk~ ~b k`tsàg lm j ij~~`t bg gjo~ xj|-

Xk`m sk` kjn glmlsk`n abbflmh j~ k`tsàg lm ~k` ilttbt! sk` xjaf`n bp~ ~ptmlmh ~bxjtns

~k` nbbt ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi6 k`t litbwlmh s`ms` bg siàa obpan siàa ~k` jtbij bg gt`ska| ijn`

obgg``- L~ xjs alf` j ntph ~b k`t! ~kj~ jmn _lo`n _x``~ Okjl- _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` nbbt lm~b ~k`

alwlmh tbbi jmn b`m`n bma| ~b glmn ^lmj xjs sl~~lmh j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt- _k` obpan s`` sj~ bm

~k` djt xjs j dbxa jmn kjag xj| d`~x``m ~k` dbxa jmn ^lmj“s ibp~k xjs j sbbm- Jabmh sln`

~k` dbxa xjs ~k` gt`` aboja dtbjnsk``~! xklok hb~ nàlw`t`n ~b |bp bt |bp obpan h`~ bm` gtbi j



>:

aboja skb- Bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` o`t`ja dbxa xjs j ‛ajth`“ op bg obgg``-

^lmj alg~`n k`t k`jn jmn ~ptm`n l~ js sk` k`jtn ~k` nbbt b`m- Js Mlds xjaf`n bp~ sk`

glmlsk`n ~k` ibp~k gpaa bg o`t`ja sj|lmh! ‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Mlds! L kb` |bp kjn j hbbn sa`` jmn

L kb` L nlnm“~ xjf` |bp- L nbm“~ s`ì ~b m``n ipok sa`` sb L“i mbtijaa| glts~ p-’

‑Mb |bp nlnm“~ xjf` i`- L ji jm `jta| tls`t! dp~ L nb mbtijaa| m``n jtbpmn s`w`m ~b `lhk~

kbpts j mlhk~ dp~ L“i s~laa dpuulmh gtbi ~k` x``f`mn! jmn ~kjmf |bp! L nln kjw` j hbbn sa``-’

‑Mbx ~kj~“s hbbn ~b k`jt-’ _k` sjx ^lmj sila` jg~`t k`jtlmh k`t tà|-

_k` xjmn`t`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m! sk` ~ptm`n ~b ^lmj jmn jsf`n! ‑Xk`t`“s ~k` obgg``2’

‑Lm ~k` `tobaj~bt! ~k`t`!’ tàl`n ^lmj jmn sk` blm~`n j~ ~k` `tobaj~bt xklok xjs

aboj~`n m`{~ ~b ~k` slmf-

_k` skbof k`t k`jn j~ ~k` gjo~ sk` obia`~à| ilss`n l~ bw`t ~k` x``f`mn- ^k` eph xjs

kjag)glaa`n xl~k dajof obgg``-

‑Ops jt` lm ~k` opdbjtn jdbw` ~k` `tobaj~bt-’

‑^kjmf |bp ^lmj!’ sk` tàl`n jmn b`m`n ~k` nbbt- _k` ~bbf j op bp~ jmn bpt`n ~k`

kb~ s~`jilmh obgg`` lm~b l~- _k` sobb`n ~xb sbbmgpas bg sphjt lm~b ~k` iph jmn! jg~`t

t`~tl`wlmh ~k` ila| gtbi ~k` gtlnh`! bpt`n j al~~a` lm~b ~k` obgg``- _k` ~k`m ibw`n ~b ~k`

dt`jfgjs~ djt jmn sj~ nbxm bbsl~` lmj-

‑Ojm L jsf |bp sbi` zp`s~lbms ^lmj2’

‑\`jk! hb jk`jn-’‑Kbx obi` |bp jt` xkb |bp jt`2’

‑Ojps` l~ g`às tlhk~ ~b nt`ss jmn d` j xbijm! L“i s~laa n`dj~lmh kjwlmh ~k` glmja

b`tj~lbms- ^kj~“s j klabsbkloja zp`s~lbm ~kj~ nb`sm“~ ojtt| eps~ bm` jmsx`t Mlds-’

‑L fmbx! dp~ L kjn ~b jsf sb L ojm ~t| jmn sbt~ bp~ i| bxm g`àlmhs mbx- Ij| L jsf xkb

|bp x`t` d`gbt` |bp nòln`n ~b dòbi` ^lmj2’

‑Xkb xjs L---2’ ^lmj tàl`n- _k` sj~ djof jmn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ ~k` zp`s~lbm jmn ~k`m ~bbf jsl gtbi k`t op- ‑^k` `tsbm L xjs d`gbt` L i`~ Jds jmn Njtaj xjs j w`t| x`jf)xlaa`n! jmn

k|slojaa| x jf `tsbm! tbm` ~b dbp~s bg n`t`sslbm! jmn lm o`t~jlm t`s o~s slilajt ~b Mlof ~k`

~jth`~ gbt jaa ~k` klhk)sokbba dpaal`s- L `{ls~`n! xbpan d` ~k` d`s~ n`sotl~lbm bg i| alg` j~ ~kj~

~li`- L kjn s``m Jds bt js L fm`x k`t Jmmj N`~tlo j g`x ~li`s bm ~k` dps L ~bbf ~b jmn gtbi

sokbba- ^k`m bm` nj|! iln glts~ ~`ti gbpt |`jts jhb ~k` bma| s`j~ jwjlajda` bm ~k` xj| ~b sokbba

xjs bm` m`{~ ~b k`t! xklok L ~bbf- Js ~k` ebptm`| ~b ~k` klhk sokbba ~bbf >0 ilmp~`s! jg~`t :0

ilmp~`s Jds jsf`n i` lg L xjs jatlhk~- L sjln L xjs jmn sk` zpl`~a| sjln ‑\bp“t` j aljt dp~ L nb

pmn`ts~jmn xk|’- L tàl`n ~b ~kj~ s~j~ì`m~! ‑BF! mb L ji mb~ jatlhk~- L kj~` hblmh ~b ~k` klhk)

sokbba! js L ji bm` bg ~k` ijlm ~jth ~s gbt ~k` sokbba dpaal`s-’ L tììd`t ~k` obmw`tsj~lbm i`



jmn Jds kjn ~kj~ nj| js lg l~ kj`m`n |`s~`tnj|’ )

‑L fmbx! db~k i` jmn Njtaj s`` |bp jmn ~k` tbdaìs |bp kjw` `w`t| nj|- Ij| L jsf j

`tsbmja zp`s~lbm! Ebkm2’

‑\`jk! bf-’

’Kjw` |bp `w`t ~kbphk~ jdbp~ mb~ d`lmh j abm`t js ~kj~ ls ~k` xj| |bp jo~ xk`m |bp jt`

lm sokbba! jmn eblmlmh bm` bg ~k` ijm| htbps bg |bpmh `ba`2’

_k` ~k`m ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg o`t`ja jmn xk`m sk` kjn glmlsk`n sk` obm~lmp`n- ’Xkj~!

eblmlmh j hjmh2’

’\`jk! lg ~kj~“s xkj~ |bp xjm~ ~b ojaa l~! ~k`m |`jk! `w`t ~kbphk~ jdbp~ eblmlmh j hjmh2’

’Mb! mb hjmh xbpan `w`t a`~ i` m`jt ~kì-’

’^kj~“s xk`t` |bp jt` xtbmh-’

’Lm xkj~ xj| ji L xtbmh2’

’^k` hjmh L dàbmh ~b! ^k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh! jt` jaxj|s bm ~k` abbfbp~ gbt m`x

bsslda` iìd`ts-’

‑^k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh! L“w` mb~ k`jtn bg ~kj~ hjmh d`gbt`-’ Bm aj~`t ~klmflmh jdbp~ l~

L kjn! dp~ ~k`| x`t` ijlma| dl~s bg s~btl`s L bw`t k`jtn lm ~k` ojm~``m jmn jtbpmn ~k` sokbba-

’^kj~ nb`s mb~ spttls` i`! |bp“w` k`jtn bg ^k` Mbt~k`tm Jo`s! ^k` Tpmm`ts! Dajof Klaa

ibd! |`s2’

’\`jk-’

_k` ~k`m ~bbf j sl bg obgg``- Mlds gbaabx`n spl~ jmn ~bbf j ibp~k gpaa- Jg~`t ~k`| kjn

db~k t ~ptm`n ~k` ops ~b ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt sk` x`m~ bm- ’Tlhk~! ~k` Hjmhtàs jt` sbi`xkj~

nlgg`t`m~ lm ~k` gjo~ x` nbm“~ b`ma| jnw`t~ls`- X` ggò~lwà| sàò~ bpt iìd`ts gtbi ~kbs`

|bpmh `ba` xkb jt` mb~ jgglalj~`n xl~k jm| b~k`t hjmh! jmn x` s``f ~kbs` xkb jt` d`lmh

nlsjnwjm~jh`n d| sbol`~|- X` jt` bm` bg ~k` g`x htbps jmn bthjmlsj~lbms ~kj~ jt` mbm)jt`j

sòlglo- ^k` b~k`t ~xb jt` O`m~tja! xklok L fmbx |bp fmbx jdbp~! jmn O`m~tj ~k` ijlm

balolmh jti bg O`m~tja!’ xklok j~ ~kj~ ~li` xjs pmn`t lmw`s~lhj~lbm d| O`m~tja gbt obttp~lbm-’

’Mbm)jt`j sòlglo2’

’\`jk- X` nbm“~ kjw` j sòlglo jt`j bg ~k` ol~| x` js j hjmh ojaa djs` djt obiijmn

xklok ls aboj~`n lm _bp~k Nbofs Nls~tlo~- X` jaa i``~ lm sijaa htbps j~ iìd`ts“ kbi`s bt

pdalo ajo`s- X` jasb jt` ~k` bma| hjmh ~b b`tj~` lm sijaa pml~s! kltlmh bptsàw`s bp~ ~b b~k`t

hjmhs! mbtijaa| gbt j sijaa g`` aps `{`ms`s! xklok ~b d` kbm`s~ jt` mbtijaa| eps~ ~k` obs~ bg

~k` jiib `{`mnl~pt` aps jm| b~k`t ilmbt okjth`s x` lmopt xk`m x` jt` bm b`tj~lbm-’

’_b a`~ i` h`~ ~kls s~tjlhk~ ^k` Hjmhtàs klt` bp~ ~b b~k`t hjmhs ~b nb xkj~2’

’^b kà sjln hjmhs bp~ xk`m ~k`| m``n l~! ~k` b`tj~lbms tjmh` gtbi jssls~lmh lm jtàj~lw` gbtija b`m xjtgjt` dj~~a` d`~x``m ~xb bt ibt` hjmhs- _bi` bg ~k` b~k`t xbtf x` nb

ij| lmwbaw` ps n`g`mnlmh j ajo` gtbi j~~jof! bt sbi`~li`s l~“s kàlmh lm ~k` ~tjlmlmh bg m`x



>?

tòtpl~s bt kàlmh j m`x hjmh hjlm l~“s g``~-’

I| m`{~ zp`s~lbm xjs ~k` bm` ~kj~ s~jt~`n i` nbxm ~k` j~k ~kj~ kjs a`n i` ~b xk`t` L ji

mbx! alwlmh xl~k i| alg` jt~m`t Jds jmn d`lmh sj~ k`t` lm ~k` kbi` djs` bg ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms-

’Xk| jt` |bp ~àalmh i` ~kls2’

’Ojps` L ~klmf js nb`s Njtaj! ~kj~ |bp xbpan d` jm jss`~ ~b ps- \bp fmbx kbx ~b

nlsj`jt lm ajlm slhk~- X` ~klmf ~kj~ jaa `ba` skbpan d` jaabx`n ~k` okjmo` ~b h`~ d`~~`t!

litbw` lm jaa xj|s! aps ~k` pml~ L jmn Njtaj dàbmh ~b jt` optt`m~a| abbflmh gbt m`x iìd`ts

js x` abs~ ~xb! ~b i`nloja t`~ltì`m~ jdbp~ sl{ ibm~ks jhb-’

’Bf! sbpmns lm~`t`s~lmh-’

’^jaf ~b Njtaj sk` ls optt`m~a| jo~lmh js bpt pml~ iìd`tskl obbtnlmj~bt-’

’Xkb às` jt` iìd`ts2’

’\bp kjw` s``m Jmhà jmn Njil`à jtbpmn-’

’\`jk’

’Jmn j g`x ibt` gtbi ~k` aboja m`lhkdbptkbbns-’

_k` slhk`n! ~bbf jmb~k`t sl bg obgg``! jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑Js x` x`t` h`~~lmh bgg ~k` sokbba

dps Jds sjln ~b i` ‑^kls jg~`tmbbm! jg~`t sokbba! tlmh kbi` jmn ~àa |bpt jt`m~s |bp jt`

hblmh ~b j gtl`mn“s kbps` ~b s~jt~ j sokbba tbeò~ bt sbi`~klmh- ^k`m obi` ~b ~k` mpts`“s bgglo`

jmn jsf gbt Njtaj-’ L nln jmn Njtaj jmn Jds ~bbf i` djof ~b Njtaj“s jmn xl~k ~k` ^xlms

aj|lmh kbs~! ~k` ~kt`` bg ps eps~ s`m~ ~k` `w`mlmh okj~~lmh-‑^b d` kbm`s~ L kjn mb ln`j ~kj~ Njtaj xjs jmja|slmh i| tàl`s jmn t`sbms`s- Njtaj ~k`m

tjmh kbi` jmn jsf`n i| ipi lg L obpan s~j| bw`tmlhk~ js l~ xjs w`t| aj~` jmn js ibs~ bg ~k`

dps`s kjn s~b`n tpmmlmh d| ~kj~ ~li`- Ipi sjln ~kj~ L obpan! sb Njtaj! Jds jmn L obm~lmp`n

okj~~lmh pm~la ~k` `jta| kbpts xk`m L gàa jsa``- Xk`m L xbf` l~ xjs jg~`t ~k` s~jt~ ~li` gbt

sokbba jmn Jds xjs sj~ jotbss gtbi i`- Njtaj kjn ~ban ~k` sokbba ~kj~ L xjs laa jmn xbpanm“~ d`

lm gbt j obpa` bg nj|s- Jds ~k`m ~bbf i` bm j skblmh ~tl jmn ~ban i` xkj~ ~k` t`wlbps

mlhk~ kjn d``m jaa jdbp~- Njtaj! ls j ~tjlm`n |bp~k obpmsàabt jmn kjn s`m~ ~k` `w`mlmhjmja|slmh ~k` jmsx`ts L xjs hlwlmh! sk` xjs jasb abbflmh j~ kbx L jo~`n! i| bs~pt` jmn kbx L

sj~- _k` oji` ~b ~k` obmoapslbm ~kj~ i| ilmn xjs xtbmh gbt ~k` dbn|- Jds `{ajlm`n l~ ~b i`

~kj~ Njtaj ~kbphk~ L xjs w`t| alfà| ^tjms! dp~ sk` xjs pmjda` ~b nòln` xk`t` bm ~k` soja` L

xjs-

‑Jds ~bbf i` skblmh gbt j g`x lò`s bg xbijm“s oab~k`s- Xk`m db~k Jds jmn L hb~

djof ~b Njtaj“s! Jds jmn ~k` ^xlms kà`n i` ~b okjmh` jmn nln i| ijf`p- Xk`m Njtaj hb~

kbi` gtbi xbtflmh j~ ~k` sokbba! sk` xjs jiju`n d| ~k` okjmh` lm i| `tsbmjal~|- Tj~k`t ~kjm

~k` spdilsslw` sk| db| L kjn d``m! ~k` `tsbm ~kj~ sj~ lm k`t alwlmh tbbi xjs j hlta xkb kjn

obmgln`mo` lm k`tsàg- ^kj~ `w`mlmh Njtaj! Jds jmn i` ~tjwàa`n ~b i| kbi`! xk`t` `w`m ipi



sjln sk` lii`nlj~à| mb~lo`n ~k` okjmh` lm i` jmn jht``n ~b a`~ i` d` ~k` `tsbm L xjm~`n ~b

d` tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` `tsbm ~k` xbtan `{ò~`n i` ~b d` d| ~k` k|sloja dbn|- L“w` mb~ abbf`n

djof slmo`- @w`t slmo` ~kj~ nj|! Jds jmn L kjw` d``m lms`jtjda`- k` bma| nbxm sln` ls ~kj~

ipi dòji` w`t| nls~jm~- L kjw` mb ln`j xk|! dp~ l~ ls ~k` bma| ~klmh ~kj~ xjs djn- I| dtb~k`ts

joo`~`n i` js nln njn-’

’Kbx ban ls Njtaj ~k`m2’ jsf`n Mlds-

’48! sk` ls zpl~` ban gbt j d`lmh jm jo~lw` hjmh iìd`t dp~ sk` abw`s ~k` so`m`! ~k` ~ktlaa

bg ~k` okjs`! `~o! `~o-’

’^k` glts~ mlhk~ j~ kbi` jg~`t L hb~ ~b sa``! L nt`ji~ ~kj~ Ebkm xjs d`lmh lof`n bm d| ~k`

dpaal s bma| ~b kjw` ~kls |bpmh hlta aj| lm~b ~kì alf` j d lmh bss`ss n- Jg~ t sk` kjn hb~ tln bg

~k` dpaal`s jmn kà`n Ebkm p! L sjx l~ xjs ~k` m`x litbw`n i`- J~ ~kj~ blm~ L xbf` p-’

‑\bp nbm“~ ilmn i` jsflmh ~k`s` zp`s~lbms nb |bp2’

‑Mb! L nbm“~- L kjw` w`t| al~~a` ~b kln` gtbi `ba` jmn L kln` mb~klmh gtbi i| gtl`mns! L

mbx obpm~ |bp js bm` bg ~kbs`-’

%%%%%

Nptlmh ~k` gbaabxlmh kjag)kbpt ~k` jlt sj~ ntlmflmh obgg``! okj~~lmh jdbp~ d`lmh ~tjms-

Jtbpmn 3<533DM _jmntj jmn Jds j`jt`n gtbi ~k` obttlnbt-

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh! kpmm|!’ Mlds sjln xk`m sk` sjx _jmntj! xkb xjs sbi`xkj~ da`jt|)

`|`n! xl~k Jds d`lmh lm j slilajt s~j~`- ‑Obgg``2’ sk` jsf`n db~k-

‑Bk a`js`! |bp“t` jm jhjaa! Mlds-’

‑\`jk! ~kjmfs Mlds!’ jmsx`t`n Jds js ~k` jlt obaajs`n bm~b ~k` ~xb sbgjs-

_k` x`m~ jdbp~ h`~~lmh ~k` jlt j iph bg obgg``- Jg~`t ajolmh ~k` op nbxm _jmntj a`m~

bw`t jmn htjdd`n ~k` tìb~` ~b ~k` tbeò~bt jmn sxl~ok`n l~ bm- _jmntj sotbaa`n ~ktbphk ~k`

okjmmàs pm~la sk` gbpmn bm` bg ~k` ibt` jnpa~ ojt~bbm okjmmàs jmn s~jt~`n ~b xj~ok ~k` ojt~bbm

d`lmh dtbjnojs~- L~ xjs jdbp~ j ~`ji bg glw` flns xkb kà`n t`sop` jmlijas gtbi njmh tbps

sl~pj~lbms pslmh jdlal~l`s j gtl`mna| hbn hjw` ~kì-

J skbt~ xkla` jg~`t _jmntj jmn Jds kjn j`jt`n gtbi ~k`lt d`ntbbis6 Sjpa s~tbaa`n bp~

w`t| ipok jxjf`- K` abbf`n j~ _jmntj jmn Jds jmn obii`m~`n bm ~k` xj| _jmntj abbf`n!

‑Hbn! |bp abbf alf` skl~! sls-’

‑L g`à alf` skl~- Obi` bm! L“i mb~ alf` |bp- L kj~` ~k` ibtmlmhs!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj jmn!

js Sjpa xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! sk` s~pof k`t ~bmhp` bp~ j~ kls nlsj`jtlmh gbti-

Jds abbf`n p jg~`t sk` kjn kjn j sl gtbi k`t iph bg obgg``- ‑Xk`m nb x` ajm bmkl~~lmh sokbba ~bnj|2’

‑Jtbpmn iln)ibtmlmh dt`jf! jmn np` ~b ~k` `ba` xkb m``n ~kjmflmh L ~klmf x`“n d`~~`t



>0

s~j| pm~la sokbba“s glmlsk`n!’ tàl`n ^lmj jg~`t abbflmh j~ Jds jmn _jmntj-

%%%%%

Sjpa xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` kbps` jg~`t obia`~lmh kls ibtmlmh xjaf jmn sjx ~k` gbpt hltas

sj~ jtbpmn ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt jg~`t ~k`| kjn eps~ glmlsk`n dt`jfgjs~ jmn j op bg obgg``- ^k` hltas

k`jn`n ~b ~k`lt tbbis ~b h`~ t`jn| gbt ~k` nj|-

L~ xjs jtbpmn :35:0DM xk`m sk` jabmh xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hltas xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k`

alwlmh tbbi- _k` xjs x`jtlmh bm` bg _jmntj“s ~lhk~ dajof ^)sklt~s xklok sjln jotbss ~k` gtbm~

‑GPOF I@’ bw`t j sfpaa jmn otbssdbm`s- Pmn`t ~kj~ xjs j gpaa|)i`~ja)dbm`n obts`~ ~kj~ hjw`

k`t j n`glml~` xjls~ jmn kls- _k` xjs jasb x`jtlmh ~lhk~ dajof e`jms jmn k`t ojag)klhk dlf`t

dbb~s- ^k` ijf`p _jmntj! Jds jmn lmj kjn nbm` gbt k`t jmn ~kìsàw`s xjs ~tp` Hb~klo

Ils~t`ss! njtf jmn spa~t|-

Bp~ bg ~k` dap` sk` sjln! ‑L kjw` hb~ ~b h`~ sbi` ~klmhs gtbi kbi`- L jasb g`à sbi`

t`sbmsldlal~| ~b a`~ i| gjila| fmbx L ji jatlhk~ jmn mb~ ~b xbtt| jdbp~ i`-’

Eps~ d`gbt` n`jt~lmh gbt sokbba ~k` glw` gtl`mns sibf`n j Ojidjt j~jt! jmn xk`m ~k`

j~jts x`t` glmlsk`n ~k` htbp gà~ tàj{`n- ^k`| fm`x ~k` Jo`s x t` hblmh ~b d` lm gbt j w t|

dlh skbof-

Eps~ d`gbt` ~k`| xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` kbps` sk` ~bbf bp~ j Uldjtf Oà~jt Otbss jmn okjlm ~kj~kpmh lmsln` k`t xjaa`~! jmn p~ l~ bm-

Js sk` nln _jmntj sjx ~k` otbss jtbpmn k`t mòf jmn sjln! ‑^kj~“s d`jp~lgpa!’

‑^kjmfs sx``~! L xjs hlw`m l~ d| j obpa` bg gtl`mns gtbi Ejttujt- L ~bbf l~ bgg j obpa` bg

x``fs jg~`t a`jwlmh jmn tbils`n i|sàg ~kj~ L xbpan m`w`t x`jt l~ jhjlm pm~la L gbpmn i|sàg!

jmn L ~klmf L kjw` mbx gbpmn i|sàg jhjlm-’ _k` fm`x ~kj~ k`t gjo` xjs jaa kj| sila`s- ‑J~

sbi` blm~ L“aa ~àa |bp jdbp~ sbi` bg ~k` jnw`m~pt`s L kjn lm Ejttujt-’

_k` gbaabx`n ^lmj! Jds jmn Sjpa bp~ bg ~k` nbbt! lm~b jmb~k`t xjti iln ibtmlmh! jmnnbxm ~k` s~`s ~b ~k` ntlw`xj|- Sjpa xjaf`n ~b ~k` hjtjh` nbbts jmn b`m`n l~! ^lmj! Jds jmn

_jmntj xkb kjn obi` nbxm d`klmn Mlds! jg~`t oabslmh jmn aboflmh ~k` gtbm~ nbbt xjaf`n lm~b

~k` djsì`m~ hjtjh`- ^k` gbpt xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k`lt dlf`s x`t` jtf`n jmn fmbof`n ~kì bgg

~k`lt s~jmns xk`àlmh ~kì bp~ bm ~b ~k` ntlw` xj|! xk`t` ~k` gbpt tb`n ~k` dlf`s bm ~b ~k`

flof s~jmns-

_k` okòf`n k`t obiipmloj~lbms tlh jmn ls~ba! sk` ul`n k`t ejof`~ p js ~k` dlf` tln`s

bw`t ~k` x``f`mn sk` kjn gà~ j dl~ oban- _k` eblm`n _jmntj tlnlmh laalbm- ^lmj sxl~ok`n ~k`

àò~tlos bg k`t ::33 Xludjm _~t``~ ^kpmn`t jmn tjii`n flof s~jt~ nbxm- ^k` `mhlm` sbpmn

~kj~ ìjmj~`n gtbi ^lmj“s dlf` xjs sx``~- Db~k Sjpa jmn Jds oalid`n bm~b Il~)dp :333T_{s-



^k` jlt tjii`n ~k` flof`n s~jt~s nbxm-



>8

Okj~`t 7

Js ~k` gbpt dlf`s ntbw` j~ j a`lsptà| jo` ~ktbphk ~k` s~t``~s! k`t `|`s x`t` obms~jm~a|

abbflmh jtbpmn abbflmh j~ ~k` wjtlbps `mwltbmi`m~s! jmn nlgg`t`mo`s d`~x``m _bp~k O`m~tja jmnO`m~tja Nbxm~bxm- ^b k`t _bp~k O`m~tja abbf`n jmn gà~ tpmnbxm! jmn gbthb~~`m- O`m~tja

Nbxm~bxm xjs dtlhk~ jmn oa`jm jmn ~k` ijlm o`m~t` bg ~k` ojl~ja- ^k` tbjns x`t` tb`ta|

ijlm~jlm`n obijt`n ~b _bp~k O`m~tja- ^k` skbs x`t` ~k` dlhh`s~ nlokb~bi| sk` obpan s``!

<0 bg jaa ~k` skbs lm _bp~k O`m~tja kjn oabs`n bt kjn k`jw| sòptl~| gl~~`n ~b ~k` xlmnbxs

jmn nbbts jmn x`t` bg ~k` abx `mn bg ~k` ijtf`~ soja`- ^k` skbs bm ~k` ijlm tbjns bg O`m~tja!

js l~ xjs ibt` obiibma| fmbxm! x`t` bg ~k` dlh n`jt~i`m~ s~bt` okjlms jmn w`t| n`gljm~a|

oj~`t`n gbt ~k` ilnna` jmn p`t ijmjhì`m~ oajss`s! mb~ ~k` xbtflmh bt abx`t oajss`s-

Js ~k`| jtbjok`n ~k` sokbba! ~k`| sjx ~xb bg ~k` sokbba“s s~pn`m~ ibml~bts s~jmnlmh

xj~oklmh ~k` ijlm hj~`- ^k`s` `ba` j~~ì~`n ~b ijf` spt` ~kj~ ~k` sokbba tpa`s x`t` mb~

dtbf`m! jmn bma| jaabx`n wjaln `ba` bgg ~k` ojips6 ~k`| jasb ~tl`n ~b ijf` spt` ~kj~ mb

~tbpdaìjf`ts hb~ lm- ^k` dlf`s ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn jss`n jm bgglo` dabof dàbmhlmh ~b Mlhk~

_òptl~| Obmspa~lmh! j ~b `mn sòptl~| obmspa~jmo|- ^k`| tbwln`n sòljals~ sòptl~| jnwlo`!

~tjlmlmh jmn sòptl~| `tsbmja gbt ~k` i`hj tlok jmn ~k` obtbtj~lbms ~kj~ obpan jggbtn ~b j| ~k`

tlo`s- Js ~k`| jtbjok`n ~k` hj~` s~pn`m~s! xkb bxm`n w`kloa`s! ps`n ~b h`~ bm~b ~k` sokbba

htbpmns! _jmntj lmnloj~`n a`g~ jmn ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` `m~tjmo` xj|- Db~k Jds jmn ^lmj sila`n js

~k`| ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn jss`n ~k` sòptl~| oji`tj! xklok xjs js `t mbtija ‛Bp~ bg Btn`t“-

_k` k`jtn Jds“ wblo` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm- s|s~ì! ‑Xk| nb`s ~k` sokbba kjw` j

oji`tj ~k`t`! l~ s`mns ibt` ~li` bp~ bg btn`t ~kjm l~ nb`s xbtflmh2’

‑Mb ln`j!’ tàl`n _jmntj jmn Sjpa-

_k` mb~lo`n ~k` oji`tj jmn abbf`n j~ l~- ^b k`t! ~k` oji`tj abbf`n js lg l~ kjn d``m p~

bp~ bg btn`t d| j tbg`sslbmja lm ~k` _~t``~ _òptl~| Lmnps~t|-

^k` sokbba l~sàg xjs ijn` gtbi glw` dplanlmhs! ibs~ kjn j~ a`js~ ~kt`` gabbts jmn bm` kjn

sl{- Eps~ d`klmn ~k` ijlm hj~`s xjs j ~kt``)s~bt`| ijlm dplanlmh! ijn` gtbi j obidlmj~lbm bg

dt`ù` dabofs gtbm~`n d| dtlofs! s~` a jmn hajss bm ~k` ~b gabbt- kls dplanlmh obm~jlm`n jaa ~k`

ijlm bgglo`s! obip~`t n`jt~i`m~ jmn ijlm kjaa- Bgg ~b ~k` a`g~! abbflmh j~ ~k` ijlm dplanlmh

gtbi ~k` s~t``~! xjs j ~kt`` s~bt`| s~`à jmn hajss dplanlmh! obm~jlmlmh ~k` aldtjt|! ojm~``m jmn j

g`x oajsstbbis- D`klmn ~k` aldtjt| dabof! js l~ xjs fmbxm! xjs j ajth` sl{ s~bt`| dplanlmh ijn`

ijlma| gtbi dtlofs xl~k jm `{~`mslbm jnn`n ~b ~k` tlhk~ kjmn sln` ijn` gtbi dt`ù` dabofs!

gtbm~`n d| j i`~ja gjsolj- _~t`jilmh gtbi ~kls dplanlmh xjs j ajth` htbp bg s~pn`m~s jg~`t eps~

glmlsklmh sbi` a`ssbm bt b~k`t- _`xlmh gtbi ~k` tbbg xjs s~`ji jmn sibf` gtbi ~k`

pmn`thtbpmn dbla`ts- Mb~ bma| x`t` ~k` dpaf bg ~k` ~`joklmh tbbis lm ~kls dabof! dp~ l~ jasb



obm~jlm`n ~k` ^W s~pnlb ~kj~ ijn` ~k` sokbba sìl)gjibps bm ~k` gbb~djja oltopl~! gtbi k`t`

t`s`m~`ts bg ~k` alw` ij~ok`s ijn` ~k` skbxs- ^b ~k` a`g~ kjmn sln`! d`klmn ~k` ijlm dabof xjs

~k` sbt~s dabof jmn obw`t`n sxliilmh bba! db~k dplanlmhs x`t` obms~tpo~`n gtbi dtlofs-

Jtbpmn ~k` ~b! sbi` 8 i`~t`s p! x`t` j alm` bg xlmnbxs ~kj~ jaabx`n ~k` spm ~b s~t`ji lm~b

~k` sbt~s kjaa jmn sxliilmh bba- D`sln` ~k` sbt~s kjaa xjs ~k` sol`mo` dabof! jhjlm

obms~tpo~`n gtbi s~`à jmn hajss- Obilmh bp~ bg ~kls dplanlmh x`t` ibt` s~pn`m~s- _pttbpmnlmh

~k` sokbba l~sàg x`t` ajth` b`m jt`js bg obmot`~`! ~jtijo jmn htjss- Jabmh ~k` djof g`mo`s

x`t` j alm` bg ~t``s ~kj~ lm j g`x ajo`s oapi`n lm~b sijaa htbw`s! xklok ot`j~`n sijaa jt`js

`ba` obpan nlsj jt lm~b- Tpmmlmh ~k` a`mh~k bg ~k` Mbt~k g`mo` xjs OX>! sps`mn`n sbi`

43 i`~t`s p bm j ga|bw`t- Tpmmlmh nbxm ~k` `js~ g`mo` >3 i`~t`s p! xk`t` l~ otbss`n ~k`

OX> xjs LO8! ~k` ijlm Mbt~k)_bp~k Lm~`tOl~| tbp~`-

_k` xj~ok`n ~k` s~pn`m~s ilaa jtbpmn jmn sjx s~bbn jtbpmn jm `{`mslw` ojt! tbdjda|

dtbphk~ d| sbi` ‛njnn|“! x`t` j htbp bg ~k` gbb~djja“s ~ jis Ok``t A`jn`t _zpjn- ^k` ntlw`t

jmn jss`mh`t“s xlmnbxs x`t` nbxm jmn sl~~lmh lmsln` x`t` _liblm` Sb~~`t jmn Ji| Npmo~lbm-

Jaa bg ~k` hltas x`t` hlhhalmh jmn ajphklmh j~ sbi` pmk`jtn ebf`- _k` sjx ^lmj sxlmh ~k` djof

bg dlf` jtbpmn xklok ojps`n ~k`| htbp ~b s~b ajphklmh- _k` sjx ^lmj xlmf j~ _jmntj! jmn

t`jals`n ~kj~ sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b kjw` sbi` gpm- ^lmj ~k`m t`ww`n ~k` `mhlm` sb l~ t`n)alm`n! ~k`

t`jt xk`à sjm jmn tbnpo`n j ijsslw` oabpn bg sibf`! tpdd`t jmn ~jtijo- ^k` xjs~` hjs ~k`

`mhlm` xjs tbnpolmh obidlmlmh xl~k ~k` s~pgg ~k` djof xk`à xjs tbnpolmh gbti`n j ajth`

oabpn xklok `mhpag`n ~k` hltas jmn ~k` ojt-

^lmj ~ptm`n k`t k`jn jmn sjx ~k` hltas h`~~lmh obw`t`n lm ~k` nps~ jmn jt~loa`s- Jaa ~k`

hltas s~jt~`n ~b obphk js ~k`| dt`j~k`n ~k` mb{lbps hjs`s jmn jt~loa`s- _k` ~k`m tà`js`n ~k`

~ktb~~a`! sàò~`n glts~ jmn paa`n bgg jbabhlslmh ~b ~k` hltas lm j gjf` sbtt| wblo`! ‑Bk! sb sbtt|

gbt ~kj~ |bp ab~-’ _k` ~k`m gbaabx`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp ~bxjtns ~k` ib~bto|oa` jtf lm _~pn`m~

Ojt)jtf D- Js ^lmj jmn `w`t|bm` paa`n jxj|! ~kt`` bg ~k` ban`t hltas ~ptm`n jmn skbp~`n

bdso`ml~l`s ~bxjtns ^lmj jmn ~k` htbp- ^lmj eps~ ajphk`n bp~ abpn jmn skbp~`n djof! ‑_~lofs

jmn _~bm`s ij| dt`jf i| dbm`s! dp~ mji`s xlaa m`w`t kpt~ i`-’

Js ^lmj paa`n jxj| sk` abbf`n djof jmn sjx ~k` _liblm` b`m ~k` hpaa)xlmh nbbt jmn

oalid bp~- _k` t`jn ~k` gjo` jmn dbn| ajmhpjh` jmn xjs jda` ~b ~àa k` xjs jmht| j~ xkj~ ~kj~

^lmj kjn nbm`- Bp~ bg ~k` jss`mh`t s`j~ oalid`n Ji|- Gtbi xkj~ sk` fm`x! gtbi ~k` sokbba

htj` wlm`! Ji| kjn kjn j tpm lm xl~k Jds! bw`t sbi` obpts` xbtf Jds kjn nbm` jmn Ji|

obl`n- Jm lmw`s~lhj~lbm kj`m`n! jmn sk` fm`x xkj~ ~k` bp~obi` kjn d``m! js sk` kjn eps~

jttlw`n lm ~k` sokbba! xjs ~kj~ Jds kjn kjn ~b t`nb ~k` xbtf- Ji| eblm`n _liblm`! js k`

ijtok`n ~bxjtns ~k` htbp-_jmntj spd)wbojals`n! ‑_liblm` jmn Ji| jt` k`jnlmh ~kls xj|-’

_k` ~ptm`n k`t k`jn ~b abbf lm ~k` nltò~lbm ~k` jlt x`t` obilmh gtbi jmn spd)wbojals`n



_k` abbf`n j~ ~kì galoflmh ~kì b`m jmn ajolmh ~kì bm ~k` ~b bg k`t k`jn- ‑L ~klmf L“aa

kjw` ~kbs` js j|i`m~ gbt ~k` ìb~lbmja spgg`tlmh |bp kjw` p~ i` ~ktbphk slmo` L jttlw`n

k`t`-’ _k` ps`n k`t a`g~ kjmn jmn htjdd`n ~k` sotpgg bg kls sklt~- _k` paa`n j~ ~k` sklt~ jmn

alg~`n kls k`jn bgg ~k` htbpmn6 ~k` m`{~ sbpmn xjs j abpn saj js sk` dtbphk~ k`t tlhk~ kjmn

jotbss kls gjo` kjtn- ^k` t`n xà~ ~kj~ s~jt~`n ~b j`jt xjs sj~lsg|lmh! ~b jaa bg ~k` hltas t`s`m~!

`sòljaa| k`t! sk` sjln! ‑^kj~ xjs jt~ j|i`m~ gbt ~k` k|sloja jdps`-’

‑A`~“s a`jw` kli aj|lmh bm ~k` htbpmn ~b obm~ìaj~` kls dpaa|lmh!’ obiijmn`n Sjpa

xl~k jp~kbtl~|-

‑\`jk! |bp jt`m“~ xbt~k l~!’ sk` obii`m~`n lm j ‛lg L `w`t| s`` |bp jhjlm |bp xlaa t`ht`~

l~“ ~bm`- Js sk` s~bbn p sk` ajo`n k`t a`g~ dbb~ d`sln` _liblm`“s xjls~! jmn sxpmh k`t tlhk~

dbb~ w`t| abx ~b ~k` htbpmn jmn s~tpof ~k` htblm jmn jts` jt j kjtn- ‑Bk! L“i sb sbtt|! nln ~kj~

kpt~2’ sk` sjln lm j gjf` sbtt| wblo` iboflmh ~k` w`t| `{ls~`mo` bg _liblm`- _k` zplofa| eblm`n

~k` t`s~ bg k`t gtl`mns js ~k`| psk`n ~k`t` xj| ~ktbphk ~k` otbxn! xkb kjn s~jt~`n ~b nls`ts`!

xjaflmh jxj| gtbi ~k` tbs~tj~` _liblm` lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` sol`mo` dabof-

_liblm`“s gjo` xjs jhbm| js ~k` jlm gtbi ~k` lmept| kl~ kli gpaa gbto`- K` opta`n p lm~b

j djaa oap~oklmh kls htblm! w`t| oabs` ~b sbddlmh xl~k ~k` jlm- Ji| hajt`n j~ ~k` htbp js ~k`|

a`g~ ~k` so`m`- J g`x ibt` bg ~k` hltas jmn dabf`s _liblm` jssbolj~`n xl~k psk`n ~ktbphk ~k`

otbxn js l~ nls`ts`n- J obpa` bg ~k` hp|s x`m~ ~b kli jmn kà`n kli p- ^k` t`s~ hajt`n j~

~k` htbp- Mlds tìbw`n ~k` skjn`s gtbi ~k` ~b bg k`t k`jn! ajo`n ~kì bw`t k`t `|`s jmn

jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ nb |bp ~klmf hp|s2’ _k` ~k`m s~b`n! ~ptm`n jmn ``t`n bw`t ~k` ~b bg k`t m`x

n`slhm`t skjn`s tlhk~ j~ j obpa` bg _liblm` gtl`mns ~k` jlt hajt`n njhh`ts j~ ~k` glw` gtl`mns-

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp js ~k`| x`t` kàlmh _liblm` s~b`n sb ~k`| obpan jasb ~ptm jmn hajt`n

djof- Bm` bg ~k` hp|s ibp~k`n! ‛\bp“t` n jn-“

_k` eps~ ~ptm`n! ajphk`n jmn sjln lm j wblo` ~kj~ ojttl`n! ‑Bk! L“i sojt`n-’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` abbf`n lm j ‛L“i mb~ spt` xj|“ j~ k`t gjo`-

%%%%%

_k` jabmh ~k` k`t gbpt gtl`mns xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` djof bg ~k` _bt~s Kjaa jtbpmn ~k`

_ol`mo` Dabof! js j obpa` bg fmbxm dpaa|lmh kjmh bp~s bg ~k` Gbb~djja ^`ji x`t` t`s`m~

jtbpmn ~k` ~xb nbbts lm~b ~k` dplanlmh- _k` sjx j obpa` bg w`t| hl~klo abbflmh hltas s~bbn

a`jmlmh jhjlms~ ~k` xjaa sibflmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` Ojidjt Olhjt`~~`s- _k` kjn s``m ~k` jlt

jtbpmn sokbba jmn t`jalu`n ~k`| x`t` gtbi ~k` >~k |`jt-

‑Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Jdd`| jmn Oajt` db~k iìd`ts bg j sls~`t pml~! Njtf Ils~sObidj~ _pbt~ Pml~!’ sjln ^lmj js ~k`| jtbjok`n-

‑Kl!’ sjln ~k` jlt-



0:

‑X` sjx |bpt n`jalmh xl~k _liblm` eps~ ~k`m! w`t| mlo`!’ sjln Jdd`|-

‑^kjmf |bp! Mldbaj Oja~bm j~ |bpt s`twlo`!’ sk` sjln lm js gìlmlm` j wblo` js bsslda` sb

mb~ ~b jajti ~k` jlt! ~k`m s~jt`n j~ ^lmj pm~la sk` t`jalu`n xkj~ sk` kjn nbm`-

’L~“s j a`jspt` ~b i``~ |bp Mldbaj!’ tàl`n Oajt`-

‑Nbm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ ~klmhs alf` wblo` kpm!’ sjln _jmntj xk`m sk` t`jalu` xkj~ Mlds kjn

nbm`! ‑jaa iìd`ts bg ~k` Hjmhtàs jt` sot``m`n gbt tbdaìs alf` mb~ joo`~lmh alg` js alg`6

~k`| joo`~ jaa `ba` js ipok js x` nb-’

_k` jabmh xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp eps~ ajphk`n- ‑Bk jmn l~s Mlds mb~ Mldbaj!’ sk` sjln

pslmh k`t mbtija ija` wblo` xk`m sk` kjn s~b`n ajphklmh-

_k` otbpok`n nbxm jmn t`s~`n k`t djof jhjlms~ ~k` _bt~s Kjaa xjaa- _k` abbf`n jtbpmn

jotbss ~k` glàns ~bxjtns ~k` OX- _k` ~kbphk~ ~b k`tsàg! ‛ L xbmn`t lg ipi jmn njn xlaa joo`~

i` mbx bt xlaa L dòbi` alf` j ab~ bg ~k` `ba` L fmbx gtbi ~k` ^tjms okj~ tbbis-“ _k` ~bbf

bp~ k`t SNP tìbwlmh ~k` s~|aps gtbi l~“s kban`t lm ~k` djof- _k` ~j`n ~k` bx`t dp~~bm

xklok ojps`n ~k` s|s~ì ~b dbb~ ~b gpaa ibn` gtbi kbm` ibn`! xklok l~ xjs n`slhm`n ~b s~j|

lm xklas~ l~ xjs mb~ d`lmh ps`n ~b sptg ~k` m`~ bt ps` ~k` :3-; I`hjSl{à M`~Oji-

^lmj xkb xjs s~bbn bbsl~` k`t jsf`n! ‑Kbx abmh kjw` |bp fmbxm kbx ~b glhk~- L sjx

_liblm`“s k`jn ibwlmh lm s|ij~k| js |bpt kjmn oji` lm2’ lm j ~bm` ~kj~ xjs h`mplmà|

lm~`t`s~`n lm fmbxlmh-

‑@w`t| slmo` L alw`n lm Ejttujt! _`ms`l Kpi` b`m`n j nbeb n`nloj~`n ~b lms~tpo~lmhs~pn`m~s lm ~k` xj|s bg xkj~ Kpi` ojaa`n Ijt~lja _~t``~ Glhk~lmh! ~k` kbmbptjda` obidj~ bg

s~t``~ glhk~lmh xjs jmb~k`t mji` k` ps`n j g`x ~li`s- Djslojaa| l~ xjs s~t``~ glhk~lmh pt` jmn

slia`! dp~ k` ~jphk~ ~kj~ pslmh ~k` ~òkmlzp`s lm j tb`t s~t``~ glhk~ xjs jaxj|s ~k` ajs~ t`sbt~!

jmn skbpan m`w`t d` ps`n pma`ss jaa b~k`t i`~kbns kjn d``m ~tl`n glts~- Xk`m L a`g~ Ejttujt

Opddjnjt gtbi ~k` ol~| bg Wlofbt~lj! Tpn`jsk! k` ~jphk~ i` ~k` ijt~lja jt~ bg Ijp|j! ~k`m

P~kptj gtbi M`)P)Djt xkb ~jphk~ i` Ajàat-’

‑Jmn mbx ps jmn Hjmhtà _~t``~!’ jnn`n Jds ~b ~k` als~! ‑jmn L jht`` ~kj~ saj xjs `wla-’_jmntj ~j`n k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t jmn bgg`t`n k`t ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` xk`m sk` abbf`n

j~ k`t- _k` ~bbf l~! ~k` alhk~`t jmn s~pof l~ d`~x``m k`t als- _k` ajo`n ~k` SNP bm ~k` htbpmn

jmn pslmh k`t a`g~ kjmn sk` sklàn`n ~k` gaji` gtbi ~k` alhk~ dt`ù` ~b tàlhk~ ~k` Ojidjt

olhjt`~~`- _k` ~k`m jss`n ~k` alhk~`t djof ~b _jmntj jmn lof`n k`t SNP p gtbi ~k` htbpmn-

_k` b`m`n ~k` M`~Wl`x`t jmn sotbaa`n nbxm ~k` gjwbptl~` als~ sàò~lmh ~k` \bpmh^tjms okj~

tbbi-

Oajt` xkb xjs s~bbn bm ~k` b~k`t sln` bg k`t sjln! ‑L s`` |bp kjw` Mlds kbbf`n-’

’Bg obpts`!’ tàl`n _jmntj ~b Oajt`“s s~j~ì`m~-

Js ~k` m`~ jh` abjn`n l~ jasb jp~bij~lojaa| abhh`n k`t lm~b ~k` sl~` jmn okj~ tbbi- _k`



~k`m dtbphk~ p ~k` ~bpok sot``m f`|dbjtn ~|lmh pslmh ~k` s~|aps ~b s~tlf` ~k` f`|s- _k` abbf`n

nbxm ~k` als~ bg `ba` lm jmn sjx j obpa` bg gtl`mns gtbi _ptjdjm- _k` kjn m`w`t kjn ~k`

obptjh` ~b jo~pjaa| hb bp~ nt`ss`n! pm~la mbx ~kj~ ls- ‛ L ~klmf l~“s ~li` ~b wlsl~ sbi` bg i| ~tjms

gtl`mns lm _ptjdjm-“ _k` ~|`n! ‛Kl jaa“! t`sslmh ~k` `m~`t dp~~bm jmn gbaabxlmh ~kj~! k`t mbtija

ht``~lmh! ‛Eps~ sb i| gtl`mns fmbx! L“i mbx gpaa~li` jmn kjw` d``m slmo` Gtbnjt `w`mlmh-“

_k` ~bbf j ntjx bm ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` `{kjalmh ~k` sibf` jg~`t salhk~a| obphklmh- _k`

~k`m mb~lo`n ^lmj xjs abbflmh j~ xkj~ sk` xjs nblmh-

‑Xkj~ |bp nblmh Mlds2’ jsf`n ^lmj ibwlmh sb sk` obpan otbpok d`sln` k`t-

‑Okj~~lmh lm bm` bg ~k` ^tjmsh`mn`t`n okj~tbbis L ps`-’ Bm ~k` sot``m j`jt`n! ‛_bkl`

sj|s5) \`jk Mlofl- Kbx obi` ~kbphk~ |bp x`t` s~pof dòjps` bg jt`m~s mb~ pmn`ts~jmnlmh222“

_k` ~|`n ~k` tà| ‛Ipi jmn njn nbm“~ fmbx jdbp~ l~! L“i mb abmh`t alwlmh j~ kbi`- L“i

alwlmh xl~k gtl`mns gtbi ~k` Klhk sokbba“-

^lmj abbf`n j~ ~k` sot``m jmn jsf`n! ‑Xkb jt` ~k`s` `ba`2’

‑Ibs~ jt` ^tjms bt gtl`mns bg xkb jt` pmn`t ~k` jh` bg jdbp~ 43 ~b 44! ibs~ bg ~kì jt`

oabs`~ dòjps` bg gjila|- ^k`s` L fmbx jt`m“~-’ Mlds ps`n ~k` s~|aps ~b blm~ ~b glw` bg ~k`

mji`s-

‑L m`w`t fm`x ~k`s` ajo`s `{ls~`n! L xbmn`t kbx ijm| ^tjms Hjmhtàs ps` ~k`s`

tbbis2’

_k` ~bbf j ~kltn ntjh bm ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` ~k`m bgg`t`n l~ ~b ^lmj! xkb ~bbf l~ ~jflmh

gtbi k`t bpok k`t alhk~`t sb sk` obpan tàlhk~ l~- _k` ~k`m `m~`t`n! ‛L“aa d` bmalm` lm ~k` m`{~

g`x nj|s jmn hlw` i| tbgla` j tjnloja t`wls`- D|` jaa“- _k` ~k`m t`ss`n ~k` abh bp~ dp~~bm

xklok xjs gbaabx`n d| k`t t`sslmh ~k` bx`t dp~~bm- _k` xj~ok`n ~k` SNP oabs` jmn t`w`t~ ~b

kbm` ibn -

‑^kj~ ls j mlo` lò` bg ~òkmbabh| Mlds! kbx bx`tgpa ls l~2’ jsf`n ^lmj js sk` saln ~k`

SNP djof lm~b ~k` lmsln` bof`~ bg k`t ejof`~-

‑^kls! l~“s j O>33 S`tsbmja Nj~j Pml~! L“w` jnn`n ~b l~! ~k` ibdla` kbm`! m`~ joo`ss jmn

:3-; I`hjSl{à M`~Oji- _k`“s jasb hb~ j >33hlh iìbt| s~lof jmn ~kt`` `{jmslbm ojtns- L“w`

ijn` spt` l~ kjs tbbi gbt gbpt ibt` ojtns-’

‑^kj~ ls mlo`- L~ ips~ kjw` obs~ j dl~2’ jsf`n ^lmj js ~k` jlt s~bbn-

‑J~ ~k` ajs~ obpm~ L kjw` s`m~ jdbp~ ?333nòfs bm l~! dp~ L ps` l~ jmn i| Nlhl~ja aj|`t

gbt mb~` ~jflmh- L ~klmf ~k` `{`ms` ls xbt~k l~-’

%%%%%

Js apmok~li` jtbjok`n ~k` htbp xjmn`t`n ~k` sokbba htbpmns abbflmh j~ ~k` pspja

s~pn`m~ kjmh)bp~ jt`js gbt o`t~jlm iìd`ts bg ~k` Gbb~djja ^`ji-



0?

^k` dàa ~b lmnloj~` ~k` s~jt~ bg apmok tjmh jmn ~k` htbp k`jn`n bp~ bg ~k` sji` sokbba

hj~` ~k`| kjn ps`n xk`m ~k`| kjn jttlw`n ~kj~ ibtmlmh- Js ~k`| nln! sk` abbf`n j~ ~k` oji`tj!

aboj~`n bm j ~kt`` i`~t` ba` bw`t ~k` s~pn`m~ w`kloa` joo`ss hj~`- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` oji`tj

pslmh k`t fmbxa`nh` bg wjtlbps i`~kbns bg nlsjdalmh sòptl~| oji`tjs almf`n ~b j o`m~tja OO^W

obm~tba tbbi- _k` xjs sòlglojaa| abbflmh gbt jm| ~àa ~ja` slhms bg xkb nlsjda`n l~! js l~ xbpan

alfà| lmnloj~` ~kj~ Mlhk~ _òptl~| Obmspa~lmh xjs jdbp~ ~b h`~ kl~ jhjlm- _k` xjs spttls`n js

~kls xbpan d` ~k` gbpt~k ~li` ~k`| xbpan kjw` d``m kl~ lm ~k` ajs~ ~xb ibm~ks- Gtbi ~k` xj| l~

kjn d``m nlsjda`n sk` fm`x l~ xjs nbm` d| j tbg`sslbmja! tj~k`t ~kjm j s~pn`m~- ‑L“aa sj| ~kls6

xkb`w`t nlsjda`n ~k` oji`tj xjs j tb-’

’K`|! kbx ojm |bp ~àa2’ Sjpa jsf`n-

’L eps~ ojm! Sjpa- \bp fmbx i| glmja |`jt ijebt xjs àò~tbmlos-’

‑Bf!’ k` t`sbmn`n-

K` k`jtn Mlds“ tà| ~klmflmh! ‛Xkj~ nb`s Mlds i`jm l~ xjs nbm` d| j tbg`sslbmja-“

^k` htbp ~ptm`n nbxm ~k` s~t``~ ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm `m~tjmo`! js k` ~ptm`n k` kjn j oabs`

abbf j~ ~k` oji`tj jmn xbmn`t`n xkj~ Mlds fm`x- ‛^kj~ jmsx`t nb`sm“~ jmsx`t jm|~klmh! l~

eps~ b`ms ibt` zp s~lbms- _jmntj sjln sk` ~kbphk~ |bp ~b d` `mlhij xk`m sk` nln ~k`

djofhtbpmn t`s`jtok-“

^k` alhk~s obm~tbaalmh ~k` epmo~lbm xklok lmoapn`n ~k` sokbba `m~tjmo` x`t` t`n- ^k`

gtl`mns otbss`n bm ~k` nljhbmja- Mlds xjaf`n kjmn lm kjmn xl~k _jmntj! sk` xjs mb~ ojtlmh xkb

sjx ~kì ~bh`~k`t- ^lmj jmn Jds xkb x`t` eps~ jk`jn x`t` jasb kbanlmh kjmns js ~k`| a`n ~k`

htbp nbxm ~k` sòbmnjt| tbjn jss`n sijaa skbs ~kj~ oj~`t`n gbt ~k` sòljals~ obaaò~bt

ijtf`~s- _k` hajmo`n lm ~b bm` bg ~k` skb xlmnbxs bma| ~b s`` j tjof obw`t`n lm sijaa bs~jh`

s~jis- ^k` m`{~ skb nbxm xjs jm jm~lzp`s skb jmn bm nlsaj| lm ~k` xlmnbx xjs jm ban

tboflmh okjlt ijn` gtbi Obiibm Dtj~~lss! j mlo` xbbn ~b xbtf gtbi xkj~ sk` pmn`ts~bbn bg ~k` ij~`tlja-

Sjpa xjs eps~ lm ~k` a`jn jmn kàn ~k` nbbt b`m gbt ~k` hltas- Pbm `m~`tlmh ~k` htbp sjx

~xb ~`jok`ts gtbi ~k` sol`mo` n`jt~i`m~ sj~ `j~lmh j i`ja! sk` fm`x xk| ~k`| x`t` sj~ `j~lmh

apmok- _k` zpl`~a| ajphk`n j~ ~k` wjlm j~~ì~ ~b obm~tba ~k` obmspi~lbm bg jaobkba d| ~k`

s~pn`m~ dbn|- ^k` hltas k`jn`n gbt bm` bg ~k` ~jda`s aboj~`n lm ~k` b`m xlmnbx- Sjpa htjdd`n j

glg~k okjlt jmn sj~ d`~x``m _jmntj jmn ^lmj- _jmntj jg~`t sl~~lmh htjdd`n ~k` i`mp! ijflmh j

aj| gbt f``lmh l~ ~b k`tsàg- _k` x m~ ~b htjd l~ jmn! alf` alhk~mlmh! ibw`n k`t b~k`t kjmn jmn

alhk~a| ~lofa`n _jmntj lm ~k` xjls~ jt`j silalmh jaa ~k` ~li`- _jmntj jss`n ~k` i`mp ~b k`t jmn

sk` p~ l~ nbxm bm ~k` ~jda`- _k` alhk~a| flss`n _jmntj bm ~k` ok``f jmn slhmjaa`n gbt ~k` xjl~`t!



xkb xjs s`twlmh j obpa` d| ~k` bbsl~` xjaa m`jt ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` s`j~lmh jt`j! ~b obi` bw`t-

^k` ojgì xjs dtlhk~! xl~k alhk~ s~t`jilmh lm ~ktbphk ~k` b`m gtbm~ jmn ~k` sl{ sb~

alhk~lmh oltoa`s ~kj~ kpmh gtbi ~k` o`lalmh- ^k` ijlm jt`j xjs j hbbn ~x`m~| i`~t`s abmh d| :3

i`~t`s xln` jmn kjn ~`m ~jda`s bg wjtlbps slu`s jmn skj`s! jtbpmn `jok j mpid`t bg okjlts

tjmhlmh gtbi ~xb ~b sl{- Bm ~k` xjaas x`t` kjmhlmh ~k` mbtija il{ bg ajmnsoj`s jmn b~k`t

mbm)n`sotl~ tlm~s bg gjibps lo~pt`s- Kjmhlmh bw`t ~k` ~jda`! m`jt xk`t` ~k` htbp xjs sj~

xjs j ajmnsoj` bg ~k` Abx Djof Ibpm~jlms obw`t`n lm gbt`s~-

^k` xjl~`t xjaf`n bw`t! jsflmh xk`m k` xjs oabs` `mbphk! ‑Jt` |bp t`jn| ~b btn`t2’

_k` tàl`n! lm j ibt` gìlmlm` wblo`! jg~`t abbflmh jtbpmn ~k` ~jda` s``lmh mbns jmn

sila`s lm tà|! ‑\`s x` jt`! ojm L kjw` j ajth` _lo`n Okjl aj~~` a`js`2’

’O`t~jlma| ij“ji-’

_jmntj t`zp`s~`n! ‑Aj~~`! a`js`2’

’Xkl~` obgg``! ~kjmfs2’ sjln Sjpa xk`m ~k` xjl~`t kjn glmlsk`n xtl~lmh Sjpa“s btn`t

nbxm-

^lmj t`zp`s~`n! ‑^xb @jta Ht`|s! dajof a`js`-’

’O`t~jlma|-’ Jg~`t glmlsklmh! ~k` xjl~`t ~ptm`n jmn nlsj`jt`n ~bxjtns ~k` s`twlmh jt`j-

Js k` n`jt~`n sk` sjln! ‑^kjmfs-’

’St`~~| wblo`!’ obii`m~`n ^lmj lm t`sbms` ~b k`t gìlmlm` wblo`-

’^kjmfs ^lmj-’

^k` gbaabxlmh glw` ilmp~`s ~k` glw` gtl`mns zpl`~a| okj~~`n jdbp~ xkb ~k`| kb`n ~b s``

~kj~ jg~`tmbbm- ^k` xjl~`t t`~ptm`n ojtt|lmh j ~tj| bm xklok xjs ~k` glw` ops- K` ajo`n `jok

`tsbm“s ntlmf lm gtbm~ bg ~kì jmn jasb ajo`n nbxm j sijaa aj~` xl~k ~k` dlaa bm-

_k` ~bbf gtbi ~k` lmsln` bof`~ bg k`t ejof`~ k`t xjaa`~- _k` ~k`m lof`n p ~k` dlaa jmn

t`jn ~k` ~b~ja! b`m`n k`t xjaa`~ jmn tìbw`n j ~`m)nòf mb~` jmn kjmn`n db~k ~k` dlaa jmn

ibm`| ~b ~k` xjl~`t! xkb a`g~ jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` ~laa jt`j-

_jmntj ~j`n k`t bm ~k` jti jmn blm~`n j~ ^bi xkb xjs xjaflmh js~ ~k` b`m

xlmnbx! bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` tbjn! ojtt|lmh j gpaa tpofsjof-

_jmntj ojaa`n! ‑^bi-’

_k` sjx ^bi s~b! jmn k` abbf`n jtbpmn gbt ~k` wblo`-

^bi sila`n xk`m k` sjx _jmntj jmn k`t xjwlmh gtbi ~k` ojgì bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k`

tbjn- K` xjaf`n djof ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` ~b ~k` `n`s~tljm otbsslmh m`jt _ptjdjm“s ban o`m~t` bg

Hbw`tmi`m~! xk`t` k` xjl~`n gbt ~k` alhk~s ~b okjmh`- ^k` alhk~s ~ptm`n ~b t`n bm ~k` tbjn jmn

ht``m bm ~k` `n`s~tljm otbsslmh jmn k` otbss`n ~k` tbjn- Jg~`t k` kjn xjaf`n ~b ~k` ojgì“s b`mxlmnbxs k` sjln! ‑Kl! hp|s! ~kbphk~ |bp xbpan s~laa d` tòbw`tlmh gtbi ~k` x``f`mn-’

’Mp~s ijm!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑X` jt` jaa ~bphk`m`n jt~| jmlijas-’ Jaa ~k` gtl`mns x`t`



00

silalmh-

Mlds abbf`n j~ `w`t|bm`! ‑Mb bm` hb~ jm| tbdaìs xl~k bi eblmlmh ps2’

Db~k ^lmj jmn Jds sjln! ‑Mb-’

^k`m _jmntj jmn Sjpa mbnn`n ~k`lt ‛mb tbdaì j~ jaa“ tàl`s-

’^kjmfs hp|s!’ tàl`n ^bi lm j kj| ~bm` bg wblo`- K` oji` lm! ntb`n kls tpofsjof

lm ~k` hj _jmntj jmn Sjpa ijn`! htjdd`n j okjlt gtbi bm` bg ~k` m`jtd| ~jda`s jmn sjln! ‑L“aa

d` djof lm j s o! L m``n ~k` ~bla`~-’ K` ~ptm`n jmn nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` ojgì djof jt`j-

Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s sk` sjx ^bi t`~ptmlmh wlj ~k` s`twlmh jt`j! k` abbf`n p j~ ~k` i`mp

dbjtn jdbw` ~k` obpm~`t! ~jaflmh ~b bm` bg ~k` s~jgg xbtflmh d`klmn ~k` djt- Jg~`t mbnnlmh j

tà| ~b sbi`~klmh ~k` s~jgg iìd`t jsf`n! k` x`m~ nlhhlmh lm~b kls bof`~ ~b ~jf` sbi` ibm`|

bp~- Jg~`t tò`lwlmh sbi` okjmh` k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ~jda` ojtt|lmh kls ntlmf! eps~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k`

xjl~`t ojtt|lmh ~k` tò`l~ bm j sijaa aj~`-

Jg~`t ~k` xjl~`t kjn a`g~ ~k` tò`l~ bm ~k` ~jda`! sk` lof`n l~ p jabmh xl~k k`t okjmh`

jmn sjx j dpslm`ss ojtn klnn`m d`m`j~k ~k` tò`l~- Bm ~k` gtbm~ xjs xtl~~`m ‛S-^-B-“- Bm ~k`

djof xjs xtl~~ m ‟ Lg |bp jmn |bpt gtl`mns jt` abbflmh gbt sbi` tbg`sslbmja xbtf a js` tlmh

bt ìjla i`- ^k` ìjla jnnt`ss sk` tòbhmlu`n js d`lmh j Hkbs~M`~ joobpm~- _k` ~k`m skbx`n

~k` dpslm`ss ojtn ~b _jmntj! eps~ js Jds lmnloj~`n ~b ~k` htbp ~kj~ sk` kjn sb~~`n j htbp bg

ok``ta`jn`t hltas obm~jlmlmh bm` bg ~k` ~jth`~s- Jaa bg ~kì x`t` x`jtlmh ~k` aj~`s~ `{`mslw`n`slhm`t bp~gl~s! xjaflmh ~bxjtns ~k` ojgì k`jnlmh gbt ~k` sokbba-

‑K`t` ~k`| obi`!’ sjln Jds xk`m sk` sjx ~k` htbp-

‑J~ ajs~!’ _jmntj t`sbmn`n sbi`xkj~ kj|! sk` s~bbn p sj|lmh! ‑\bp ~kt`` hblmh ~b

eblm ~k` gpm2’

‑\`jk! xk| mb~2’ ~k` ~kt`` hltas okli`n-

^k` gbpt hltas psk`n ~k` okjlts djof jmn s~bbn p- ^k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` nbbt sb ~k`|obpan xjl~ bm ~k` jwì`m~ bp~sln`- ^k`| s~bbn bm ~k` sbp~k sln` bg ~k` ojgì! ijflmh l~ abbf

alf` ~k`| x`t` xjl~lmh gbt j w`kloa` ~b jttlw`- ^k`| abbf`n j~ ~k` htbp sjpm~`tlmh p ~k` tbjn!

bm` hlta s`ì`n ~b d` ~k` o`m~t` bg j~~`m~lbm- Mlds xkb xjs s~jmnlmh bbsl~` k`t jsf`n! ‑Ls l~

~k` bm` lm ~k` o`m~t`2’

_k` sila`n jmn mbnn`n- ^k` jlt db~k al~ ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`s ~k`| x`t` ojtt|lmh! sk`

~bbf j obpa` bg ntjhs gtbi l~! jsslmh ~kì ~b ^lmj jmn Jds! t`sò~lwà|! xkb nln ~k` sji`-

_j~ lmsln` ~k` ojgì! ^bi jsf`n Sjpa! ‑Xkj~“s hblmh bm2’

’Gpm!’ tàl`n Sjpa! ‑Sj|djof ls j dl~ok-’



Eps~ js ~k` htbp bg hltas jss`n ~k` gbpt gtl`mns! _jmntj jmn ~k` b~k`ts gbaabx`n! j g`x

g``~ d`klmn! pm~la ~k`| xk`t` jabmh sln` ~k` jaa`|xj| ~kj~ tjm nbxm d`sln` ~k` Ojgì- _k` gbto`n

k`t xj| ~ktbphk ~k` hltas xkb s~b`n js sk` htjdd`n Ubæ! xkb xjs j~ ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` htbp!

sajiilmh k`t p jhjlms~ ~k` Ojgì“s bp~sln` xjaa- _jmntj lms`t~`n k`t gbt`jti pmn`t Ubæ“s oklm

lmmlmh k`t jhjlms~ ~k` xjaa-

_k` jps`n xkla` Ubæ“s `|`s gbops`n jmn tòbhmlu`n xkb l~ lmmlmh k`t ~b ~k` xjaa! bma|

~jaflmh xk`m Ubæ gjo` ~ptm`n ~b bm` bg skbof! ‑Mbx xkj~ ji L hblmh ~b nb ~b |bp mbx L“w` a`g~

sokbba! jmn mb abmh kjw` ~b jdln` d| ~k` mb~ k|slojaa| kpt~lmh |bp tpa`-’ Jg~`t j skbt~ jps`

sk` obm~lmp`n! ‑L fmbx xkj~‧’ Alf` Mlds kjn nbm` ~b _liblm` `jtal`t sk` saj`n Ubæ jotbss

~k` gjo`! kjtn- ^k` saj ~kj~ sbpmn`n xjs abpn! `jsla| t`hls~`tlmh lm ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp-

Xklas~ sk` xjs n`jalmh xl~k ~k` Ubæ! Mlds! ^lmj jmn Jds kjn jaa ibw`n ~b ijf` spt`

mbm` bg Ubæ gtl`mns ibw`n ~b ~t| jmn s~b k`t- _k` mbx pmn`ts~bbn ~kj~ k`t gtl`mns x`t` jasb

xàa ~tjlm`n lm jmn t`sò~`n ~k` _~t``~ Glhk~lmh so`m`-

_k` obm~lmp`n lm ~k` sji` ~bm`! ‑Xj~ok gbt i`! Ubæ! j~ mlhk~- \bp xlaa m`w`t fmbx xk`m

jmn xk`t` L xlaa otb p m`{~ jmn m`{~ ~li` L xbm“~ eps~ saj |bp-’ Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n

~jaflmh sk` tìbw`n k`t gbt`jti gtbi pmn`t Ubæ“s oklm jmn a`~ k`t ntb ~b ~k` htbpmn-

Mlds sjx ~k` xà~ ~kj~ _jmntj kjn ojps`n6 sk` jasb mb~lo`n ~kj~ Ubæ xjs mbx abbflmh

w`t| sojt`n- _jmntj jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gtl`mns ibw`n jxj|! djof lm~b ~k` s~t``~ sb ~k`| obpan ~b

t`~ptm ~b ~k`lt ntlmfs jmn Ojidjt olhjt`~~`s lm ~k` ojgì-

Lmsln` Sjpa jmn ^bi bw`tk`jtn xkj~ _jmntj xjs sj|lmh js _jmntj xjs ijflmh spt` ~k`

htbp nlnm“~ spnn`ma| hb n`jg- Sjpa tbaa`n p j Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn al~ l~- ‑Xkj~ jt` |bpt

ajms mbx ~kj~ Klhk sokbba kjs glmlsk`n2’

’Obaa`h`! ~k`m kb`gpaa| xbtf!’ ^bi tàl`n xkla` als~`mlmh ~b _jmntj kjw` k`t

ibmbabhp` xl~k Ubæ- Sjpa xjs sj~ silalmh jmn zpl`~a| okpofalmh js xàa-

Jg~`t ~k` gbpt hltas kjn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ~jda` jmn sj~ nbxm- K` sjln! ‑Tìlmn i` m`w`t ~b

h`~ bm ~k` xtbmh sln` bg |bp ab~-’

’Bf ^bi!’ tàl`n _jmntj! jmn bgg`t`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` Mlds kjn eps~ jss`n ~b k`t!

~b ^bi! xkb joo`~`n l~! ~bbf j ntjx bm l~ jmn obphk`n j dl~-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn glmlsk`n ~k`lt ntlmfs ~k` sl{ gtl`mns k`jn`n djof ~bxjtns ~k` sokbba

jmn ~b ~k` ijlm kjmhbp~ bg j sòlglo htbp bg ~k` Gbb~djja ^`ji! xklok xjs ~k` ijlm ojm~``m-

%%%%%



08

Xk`m ~k` htbp xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ojm~``m j zplof abbf jtbpmn ~k` tbbi ~ban `w`t|bm` ~kj~

htbp ~k`| x`t` abbflmh gbt kjn mb~ p~ lm jm j`jtjmo`! |`~-

^k` ojm~``m xjs alf` jm| b~k`t ojm~``m ) ajth`! b`m ajm xl~k alhk~ s~t`jilmh gtbi

gapbt`so`m~ ~pd`s jmn xlmnbxs jtbpmn ~k` dtlof`n jmn xkl~` jlm~`n xjaas- Jdbp~ j zpjt~`t bg

~k` ~b~ja xjaa xjs dtlof`n gabbt ~b o`lalmh jmn l~ xjs k`t` ~kj~ ~k` gbbn xjs s`tw`n gtbi6

bbsl~` ~k` gbbn s`twlmh jt`j xjs jm b`m glt` `soj`- Lm ~k` b`m `{jms` xjs ab~ bg ~jda`s

xl~k d`mok s`j~s- Lm ~b~ja Mlds `s~lij~`n ~kj~ ~k` ojm~``m xjs jdbp~ kjag gpaa- _k` nln s`` j

obpa` bg ~k` ~`jok`ts sj~ m`jt ~k` nbbt `j~lmh ~k` i`ja bg ~k` nj|-

^k` htbp xjaf`n ~b ~k` gbbn tpm jmn jaa ptokjs`n alhk~ apmok`s- Xk`m ~k`| jaa kjn a`g~

~k` gbbn tpm ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` s`j~s ~k`| sòlglojaa| xjm~`n! ~k` bm`“s ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` sokbba

xjs gbtdlnn`m ~b ps` bm jlm bg j s`w`t` d`j~lmh! nlsk`n bp~ d| ~k` iìd`ts bg ~k` gbb~djja

~`ji- ^k`| xjaf`n jss`n _libm xkb xjs `j~lmh j sjmnxlok jmn bm ~k` ~jda` d`sln` ~k` dbbf

k` xjs t`jnlmh xjs j dajof obgg``- _k` alf`n _libm“s sol`mo` a`ssbms- _k` sjx _libm mbn j

‛kàab hp|s“! xklok xjs t`~ptm`n ~b k`t spttls` d| ^lmj jmn Sjpa-

Jg~`t glw` ilmp~`s sl{ iìd`ts bg ~k` Gbb~djaa ^`ji“s N`g`mslw` ~`ji! jmn ~k`lt

hltagtl`mns! `m~`t`n ~k` ojm~``m gtbi ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` aldtjt|- Js ~k`| jss`n bm` ~jda` xk`t`

j obpa` bg ~k` sijaa`t ~kltn |`jts x`t` sl~~lmh! bm` bg ~k` gbpt~k |`jt iìd`ts bg ~k` htbp

~kt`x j pmok xklok hb~ ~k` ~kltn |`jt tpddlmh kls jti- _k`! xj~ok`n ~k` htbp gtbi xk`m ~k`|

kjn `m~`t`n! jmn ~kbphk~! ‛^bnj| L s~jt~ ~b ~jf` djof ~k` sokbba gtbi ~k` dpaal`s-“ ^k`| xjaf`n~b ~k` gbbn obpm~`t jmn psk`n ~kt`` bg ~k` sòbmn |`jts bp~ bg ~k` xj| js ~k`| x`t` h`~~lmh ~k`

i`ja bg ~k` nj|- Bm` bg ~k` sòbmn |`jts ntb`n kls ~tj| bm xklok xjs kls pnnlmh bg l` jmn

ops~jtn! sk` sjx ~k` gjo` bg ~k` db| xjs ~k` dbxa x`m~- _k` jasb sjx kls gjo` js ~k` dbxa kl~

psln` nbxm jmn f`~ ibs~ bg ~k` ops~jtn xl~klm ~k` dbxa- Bp~ bg ~k` obtm`t bg k`t `|` sk` sjx

^bi sila` j~ ~k` gbt~pm` ~kj~ sòbmn |`jt kjn eps~ tò`lw`n- _k` fm`x xk| js xàa! js Mlof kjn

s``m ^bi ~jflmh j d`j~lmh gtbi IoFtpnn`t! N`~tlo jmn _liblm` bmo` js `{jo~a| ~k` sji` ~klmh

kjn kj`m`n! `{o`~ l~ xjs j aj~` xl~k htjw| bm ~kj~ kjn hbm` jmn l~ kjn hbm` j~ j otbbf`njmha`- ^bi kjn s`m~ ~k` m`{~ ibm~k bgg sokbba tòbw`tlmh gtbi ~k` d`j~lmh- _k` sjx ~kj~ sbi`

bg ~k` hltas ~kj~ kjn d``m xl~k Ubæ `jtal`t x`t` kjmhlmh bgg ~k`lt db|gtl`mns jtis-

^lmj obii`m~`n xk`m sk` nlnm“~ s`` N`~tlo bt _liblm` xl~k ~k` htbp! ‑L kb` _liblm`

jmn Ubæ jt` hblmh ~b d` bf-’ ^k` obii`m~ jmn ~bm` bg wblo` ijn` `w`t|bm` ajphk- Xklok

jhjlm dtbf` jmb~k`t bm` bg ~k` pmxtl~~`m tpa`s bg ~k` ojm~``m! ‛mb ajphklmh pma`ss j~ bm` bg ~k`

Gbb~djja ^`ji“s ebf`s“-

Xk`m ~k` dpaal`s kjn n`jt~`n ~k` gbbn tpm! sk` sjx ~k` ~xb ~`jok`ts d| ~k` nbbt jmn

_libm s~jmn jmn w`t| zplofa| n`jt~! _libm wlj ~k` b`m glt` `soj` jmn ~k` b~k`t ~xb d| ~k`

ijlm nbbt- ^k` sijaa htbp s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k`lt jt`j bg ~jda`s- ^k`| s~b`n n`jn jmn



s~jt`n xk`m ~k`| sjx k`t jmn ~k` b~k`ts sl~~lmh j~ ~k`lt ~jda`- _jmntj jmn k`t sila`n xk`m ~k`|

k`jtn ~xb bg ~k` gbpt gbpt~k |`jt“s okpofa` ~b ~kìsàw`s- ^k` jlt fm`x `{jo~a| xkj~ xjs

hblmh ~b kj`m xk`m ~k` htbp x`t` lm jm jt`j oa`jt bg ~jda`s- IoFtpnn`t! jasb fmbx lm ~k`

sokbba js ~k` Kpmf! gjo` sot`x`n p lm j obidlmj~lbm bg jmh`t jmn obm~ì~ gbt ~k` gtl`mns-

Js ^k` Kpmf jmhtla| ijtok`n ~bxjtns ~k` gtl`mns sk` sjln! ‑@{ops` i` gtl`mns- X` kjw`

jm j` ~kj~ m``ns ~b d` p~ djof lm l~s ojh`-’ _k` fm`x ~kj~ `w`m ~kbphk ~k` Kpmf xjs 7“>! j

zplof ~jth`~`n flof ~b ~k` htblm xbpan dtlmh jaibs~ jm|bm` ~b ~k`lt fm``s- _k` s~bbn p jmn

s~``n lm~b ~k` xjaf xj| jmn ~bbf ~xb s~`s ~bxjtns ~k` Kpmf- D`gbt` k` obpan `w`m ~klmf

jdbp~ t`jo~lmh ~b k`t lml~lja j~~jof xklok fmbof`n ~k` ~tj| k` xjs ojtt|lmh jaa bw`t kls

hltagtl`mn- ^k` hltagtl`mn a`~ hb bg IoFtpnn`t“s jti jmn s~jt`n nbxm j~ k`t tplm`n n`slhm`t

bp~gl~- _k` ~k`m `{òp~`n j bx`tgpa smj flof j~~jof ~jth`~`n j~ ^k` Kpmf“s htblm- ^b k`t

sj~lsgjo~lbm ^k` Kpmf“s gjo` sot`x`n p lm jhbm| js sk` ajmn`n ~k` flof sijof djmh bm ~jth`~-

^k` Kpmf“s kjmns jmn jtis x`m~ ~b tb~ò~ ~k` htblm gtbi jm| ibt` flofs- _k` xjsm“~ ajmmlmh

bm kl~~lmh kli ~k`t` jhjlm! s`m~ k`t kjmns ~b kls k`jn! xklok sk` ntjhh`n nbxm sb l~ obpan i`~

~k` psxlmh bg k`t tlhk~ fm``-

Xl~k ~k` gbto` bg ~k` fm`` kl~~lmh jmn ~k` tà`js` bg ~k` k`jn j sòbmn d`gbt`! ^k` Kpmf

~bbf bgg lm j djof jto jmn ajmn`n lm ~k` ilnna` bg kls gtl`mns xkb x`t` s~jmnlmh s~jtlmh lm p~~`t

skbof js ~kls hlta kjn ~jf`m bm` bg ~k` ajth`t iìd`ts bgg kls g``~- Js ^k` Kpmf ajmn`n k` s`m~

~kì stjxalmh lm~b b~k`t ~jda`s jmn iìd`ts bg ~k` s~pn`m~ dbn| xkb kjn s~bbn ~b xj~ok ~k`

pmgbanlmh glhk~-

Sjpa! xkb xjs xj~oklmh gbt jm| iìd`ts bg s~jgg bt ~k` sokbba ibml~bts! obpan s`` ~k`

fl~ok`m s~jgg xj~oklmh ~k` so`m`- K` sila`n xk`m `w`m ibt` fl~ok`m s~jgg kjn xjaf`n bp~ ~b

xj~ok- Mbm` bg ~kì kjn ibw`n ~b h`~ ~k` ibml~bts bt sòptl~|- ^k` ~`jok`ts xkb kjn d``m

t`s`m~ kjn ijn` ~kìsàw s sojto`- K` t`jals n ~kj~ ~k`| jaa ips~ kjw` t`jals`n ~kls ibtmlmh

jg~`t _liblm`! ~k` skbxnbxm d`~x``m ~k` Hjmhtàs jmn ^k` Jo`s xklok kjn d``m dt`xlmh gbt

sbi` ~li` xjs jdbp~ ~b `{abn`-

K` sjx Mlds s~jmnlmh bw`t ~k` tbm` dt`j~klmh dbn|- Mlds ~k`m fmà~ nbxm ajmnlmh k`t

tlhk~ fm`` lm ~k` ok`s~ jt`j- Mlds“ a`g~ a`h xjs lmmlmh ^k` Kpmf“s tlhk~ jti ~b ~k` gabbt-

^k` Kpmf dalmf`n js k` ~tl`n ~b gbops ~ktbphk ~k` jlm bg ~k` lml~lja flof- Mlds xjl~`n gbt

kli ~b s`` xkb xjs lmmlmh kli ~b ~k` gabbt- K`t gjo` xjs bm` ~kj~ skbx`n p~~`t obm~ì~ gbt

kls `{ls~`mo`- ‑Bbs- Nln |bp slaa |bpt gbbn2 Nb |bp xjm~ i` ~b tpm jmn dp| |bp sbi`

ibt`2’ _k` jps`n-^k` jhbmlu`n szp`jf ~kj~ oji` gtbi kls ibp~k sjln ijn` k`t sila`- ‑L“aa flaa |bp! |bp

bbg-’



0<

‑Bk L“i sb sojt`n- Xàobi` ~b |bpt mlhk~ijt`-’ J~ ~kls blm~ sk` alg~`n k`t s~`à ~b`)

oj`n dbb~ sb js sk` dtbphk~ l~ nbxm l~ lijo~`n kls ijmkbbn- Kls gjo` xjs bm` bg pt` jhbm|

jmn k` s~jt~`n sot`jilmh alf` j hlta-

_jmntj xkb kjn ~ptm`n bm ~k` `mn xjs xj~oklmh ~k` so`m` js ^k` Kpmf“s gtl`mns hb~

~kìsàw`s s~tjlhk~- Bm` bg ~k` htbp kjn d``m apof| jmn kjn tìjlm`n s~jmnlmh abbf`n j~ ~k`

gtl`mns js k` ibw`n ~b hlw` ^k` Kpmf ~k` mò`ssjt| jssls~jmo` k` m``n`n lm n`jalmh xl~k ~k`

`tsbm lmmlmh kli nbxm- _k` abbf`n xl~k j gjo` ~kj~ sjln j~ kli ‛\bp k a kli6 L kà Mlds“

j~ ~k` sji` ~li` sk` s~jt~`n ~b h`~ p- ^k` `tsbm s~b`n skbt~ js k` kjn d``m bm ~k` tò`lwlmh

`mn bg j d`j~lmh nlsk`n bp~ d| k`t dtb~k`t j obpa` bg |`jts jhb jmn k` kjn d``m t`s`m~ xk`m

Sjpa kjn ijsk`n ~k` gbpt~k |`jt `jtal`t lm ~k` |`jt! _jmntj kjn kli t`s~tjlm`n xl~k jm jti abof-

Mlds s~bbn p jmn jg~`t abbflmh j~ ~k` htbp! xkb x`t` eps~ s~jtlmh j~ xkj~ ~kls gìja`

kjn eps~ nbm` ~b bm` bg ~k` ~bphk`s~ iìd`ts bg ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji! xl~k j gjo` xklok sjln

‛xkb“s m`{~“- _k` t`~bbf k`t s`j~ sb sk` obpan obm~lmp` ~b `j~ apmok-

‑\bp fmbx sbi`~klmh Mlds! L“i spttls`n x` kjw`m“~ s``m ~k` Stlmolja bt k`t

jssls~jm~s!’ sjln Sjpa jg~`t sk` kjn sj~ nbxm-

^k` gtl`mns xj~ok`n j obpa` bg iìd`ts bg ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji kà ^k` Kpmf ~b s~jmn

jmn xjaf ~b jm ì~| ~jda` m`jt ~k` xlmnbxs ~kj~ bw`tabbf`n ~k` ajth` glàn d`klmn ~k` sokbba-‑L sjx ~k` ~`jok`ts ijn` ~kìsàw`s w`t| sojto`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑L ~klmf ibs~ `ba` kjw` t`jals`n ~kj~ ~k` Hjmhtàs jmn ^k` Jo`s jt` jdbp~ ~b `{abn`

lm~b b`m xjtgjt`!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Dtlmh l~ bm!’ sk` sjln- ‑Ijf` i| alg` j alwlmh kàa xlaa |bp- Xàobi` ~b ~k` kàa ~kj~ xlaa

d` |bpt alg` gbt ~k` skbt~ ~`ti gp~pt`-’ Jaa bg ~k` hp|s abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sjx ~kj~ sk` i`jm~ l~-

Jg~`t glmlsklmh apmok ~k` sl{ s~bbn jmn k`jn`n bp~ bg ~k` ojm~``m wlj ~k` glt` `soj`-

^bi jsf`n ‑L m``n ~b ntb bgg ~k`s` dbbfs ~b ~k` aldtjt|! xk`t` |bp ab~ k`jnlmh~bxjtns2’

’Nbm“~ fmbx! sbi` ajo` sòapn`n jmn zpl`~ sb x` ojm xjl~ gbt ~k` `mn bg sokbba jmn

glmlsk hlwlmh `ba` ~k`lt t`s`m~s!’ tàl`n Sjpa! ‑ibt` ~kjm alfà| ~b ~k` mbt~k `js~ obtm`t

pmn`t ~k` ol~| xj|-’

’Bf! L“aa xjmn`t jmn glmn |bp!’ t`sbmn`n ^bi-

’Abbf lm~b ~k` ~t``s jmn dpsk`s mb~ j~ ~kì!’ sjln _jmntj js ^bi ~ptm`n jmn a`g~ ~kì-

Js ^bi xjs xjaflmh jxj| ~k` glw` gtl`mns k`jn`n gbt ~k` mbt~k `js~ obtm`t wlj ~k` ibs~

nltò~ tbp~`! xklok ~bbf ~kì jotbss ~k` gbb~djja l~ok`s jmn jtbpmn ~k` s~jnlpi- ^k`| sbbm

t`jok`n ~k` sòapn`n obtm`t xk`t` ~k` ~t``s kjn oapi`n j dl~ ibt` jmn ot`j~`n j sijaa htbw`-



^k` htbpmn obw`t jasb xjs salhk~a| abmh`t htjss jmn abx xbbnajmn ajm~s ~k`s` jmn ~k` ~t``s

s~t`~ok`n jabmh ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` g`mo` alm`- ^ktbphk ~k` hjs lm ~k` ~t``s jmn sktpds! sk` obpan s``

j ~x`m~| i`~t` xln` s~tl bg xjs~àjmn d`gbt` j g`mo` alm` ~kj~ lmnloj~`n ~k` dbtn`ts bg jmb~k`t

Obtbtj~` bxm`n kbpslmh `s~j~`- @w`m ~kbphk ~k` LO jmn OX x`t` t`~~| oabs` ~k` mbls` a`wà

xjs j ab~ abx`t ~kjm sk` kjn `{ò~`n-

Sjpa a`n ~k` htbp ~b ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` j~k ~kj~ a`n lm~b ~k` sijaa htbw`- K` xjaf`n jtbpmn

~k` s~tjaaji +_~tja)aji, dpsk! oabsà| gbaabx`n d| Mlds jmn ~k`m _jmntj! ^lmj jmn Jds dtbphk~

p ~k` t`jt-

‑Kl! _libm!’ sjln Sjpa jmn sj~ klisàg nbxm bm jm ban abh-

_k` sjx _libm sj~ a`jmlmh jhjlms~ jm Jskgbttf ~t``- Kjmhlmh gtbi kls ibp~k xjs j :0oi

s~ìi`n j~jt- Gtbi kls ibp~k oji` j pgg bg daplsk sibf` gtbi ~k` ij~`tlja lm ~k` j~jt“s

dbxa-

^k` htbw` xjs ijn` gtbi ~kt`` Jskgbttf ^t``s! ~xb s~tjaaji dpsk`s jmn j obpa` bg

^tjojti Dptok ~t``s- Jtbpmn ~k` `nh` x`t` j obpa` bg abhs jmn kjag j jaa`~-

‑Bk- Kl jaa- \`jk eblm i` lg |bp xjm~ hp|s---’

_k` sjx _libm abbf j~ k`t jmn kls gjo` sot`x`n p js lg ~t|lmh ~b xbtf sbi`~klmh bp~-

_k` ibw`n ~bxjtns j sòbmn jskgbttf ~t`` jmn sj~ nbxm bm ~k` tbb~s- _k` xjs sbbm eblm`n d|

_jmntj xkb sj~ d`sln` k`t- Jds jmn ^lmj ibw`n ~b ~k` b~k`t abh-

‑Xkb“s ~k` m`x bm` xl~k |bp2’

‑Bk i``~ Mldbaj Oja~bm ‟ bt js sk` t`g`ts ~b d` fmbxm ‟ Mlds!’ tàl`n Sjpa-

‑Xàobi` Mlds!’ sjln _libm- ‑Xklok iìd`t bg ~k` Hbtlaajs kjn |bpt j~~`m~lbm2 L a`g~

xk`m L sjx ~kì jmn |bp ab~ sl~~lmh xk`t` |bp x`t`- L jasb mb~lo`n Njmml jmn Eji`s jasb a`g~

tj~k`t gjs~-’

‑Hjt| IoFtpnn`t! jaljs! ^k` Kpmf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Jg~`t |bpt n`jalmh xl~k _liblm`! L ~bbf l~ pbm i|sàg ~b xjtm ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` s~jgg ~kj~ lg

x` sjx |bp ab~ jmn jm| iìd`t bg ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji lm ~k` sji` jt`j! ~k`| x`t` ~b nlsj`jt- L

jasb kjn j okj~ xl~k ~k` ibml~bts jmn ~ban ~kì ~kj~ lg ~k`| k`jtn bg jm| lmoln`m~s ~k`| x`t` ~b

~jf` ~k`lt ~li` h`~~lmh ~b ~k` sl~`- ^klmhs ips~ kj`m lm ~k`lt bxm xj|! jmn |bp xbpanm“~ xjm~

~b d` bm ~k` tò`lwlmh `mn bg ~k`lt gls~s jmn g``~! ~k`| jt` jaa `{`t~s lm s~t``~ glhk~lmh-’

‑^kj~ xbpan `{ajlm ~k` ajof bg Its IjoGlàns bt jm| bg k`t jssls~jm~s!’ sjln _jmntj js

~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm jmn olhjt`~~` ijflmh `zpli`m~-

‑L sjx ~k` jg~`tij~k bg |bpt n`jalmh xl~k _liblm`! jmn L fmbx L k`jtn _liblm` ot| ‛~k`

Dl~ok Wl{`ms jt` hblmh ~b h`~ sajphk~`t`n“ bt sbi`~klmh slilajt- Mlo` bm` bm ~k` IoFtpnn`t

gtbm~- L fm`x k` kjn l~ obilmh! L eps~ nlnm“~ fmbx xk`m jmn gtbi xkbi- Bk! kls jt`m~s jt`hblmh ~b d` bm ~k` xjtj~k jg~`t ~k`| k`jt jdbp~ ~k` lmoln`m~- Xkj~ nln |bp nb2’

‑Otpsk`n kls htblm jmn gaj~~`m`n kls mbs` lm~b kls gjo`-’ _k` eblm`n `w`t|bm` às` lm



7:

tbaalmh j Ojid`t olhjt`~~`-

‑Bpok! jttttttkkkkkkk!’ t`sbmn`n _libm! kls gjo` xjs slilajt ~b ~k` gjo` Hjt| kjn! xl~k

bp~ ~k` sot`jilmh- ‑^kj~“s j hbbn blm~! |bp“t` m`x jt`m“~ |bp2’ k` jsf`n abbflmh j~ k`t-

‑Mb L ji mb~!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑L ps`n ~b hb d| ~k` mji` Mlokbajs-’

‑Mb! mb xj|---’ _libm“s gjo` xjs bm` bg skbof- ‑Mlokbajs Oja~bm2’

‑\`jk! ~kj~ xjs i`!’ sk` sjln! xl~k j dtbjn htlm- ‑_``lmh js L kjw` mbx bggloljaa|

glmlsk`n i| `{jis L nbm“~ m``n ~b d` k`t`! dp~ ~k` tpa`s s~j~` ~kj~ L ji s~laa j s~pn`m~ pm~la

@dlmjt sb L ~kbphk~ L“n oa`jm kbps` d`gbt` L sj| gpof bgg ~b ~k` sokbbalmh s|s~ì-’

‑Kbx ijm| kjw` t`jn |bp Mlof2’ jsf`n _libm-

_k` hajt`n j~ kli-

‑_btt|--- Mlds!’ _libm obttò~`n klisàg-

‑D`~~`t--- mb bm` |`~! dp~ L“i jmb~k`t Hl~k bt Hjmhtà ~b ibs~ `ba`! db~k sbol`~l`s nb

s`ì ~b d` salhk~a| s~tjmh`-’

J skbt~ xkla` aj~`t ^bi ojaa`n! ‑\bp lm ~k`t` hp|s2’

Xk`m ~k`| kjn k`jtn ^bi“s wblo` Sjpa s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` sijaa oa`jtlmh-

Sjpa jmn ^bi! jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns j`jt`n jmn ^bi xjs ojtt|lmh j gjt alhk~`t)

abbflmh tpofsjof-

‑Bk- Kl _libm!’ sjln ^bi xk`m k` oji` lm~b wl`x-

‑Jg~`tmbbm ^bi nlnm“~ t`jalu` |bp fm`x ~kls htbp!’ sjln _libm lmnloj~lmh Sjpa jmnhtbp-

‑\`jk gbt j g`x ibm~ks mbx!’ t`sbmn`n ^bi-

%%%%%

^k` gtl`mns sj~ ~k`t` gbt ~k` t`s~ bg apmok jmn ~k` jg~`tmbbm sibflmh jmn okj~~lmh- ^bi

kjn ~b hb jg~`t j obpa` bg kbpts np` ~b xbtf ojaalmh kli lm ~b obw`t j sklg~ jmn _libm kjn joajss ~b ~`jok lm ~k` ajs~ `tlbn-

Js ~k` `mn bg sokbba jtbjok`n ~k` gtl`mns k`jn`n gbt ~k` s~pn`m~ ojt jtf jmn ~k`lt

dlf`s- k`| ijn` zpl~` j ab~ bg mbls js ~k`| a`g~ ~k` sokbba gbt ~k` ajs~ ~li`- ^k`| ~ptm n tlhk~

jmn k`jn`n nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn- J al~~a` xj| nbxm ~k` tbjn ~k`| ~ptm`n lm~b jm jaa`|xj|

d`~x` m j obtm t skb jmn jm jjt~i`m~ dabof- ^k` jaa`|xj| a`jn ~b ~k` djof bg ~k` skbs jmn

sbi` hjtjh`s- ^k` htbp jtf`n p lm ~k` `m~tjmo` sb ~k`| obpan abbf gbt ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` `ba`

xkb m``n`n ‛~kjmflmh“-

Js ~k` ajs~ bg ~k` s~pn`m~s x`t` a`jwlmh ~k` gtl`mns kjn sb~~`n mb)bm`-

Mlds sjln! ‑^k`|“w` oklof`m bp~ jmn a`g~ d| ~k` b~k t `m~tjmo jmn hbm` ~k` abmh xj|



kbi`-’

‑\`jk l~ abbfs ~kj~ xj| bt ~k`| jt` s~laa lm sokbba!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj-

^k` htbp ~k`m oalid`n bm ~b ~k`lt dlf`s jmn s~jt~`n ~k` `mhlm`s-

Js sk` xjs oalidlmh d`klmn _jmntj sk` sjln! ‑K`| hp|s ojm x` s~b js~ ilm`- L m``n ~b

h`~ j g`x ~klmhs2’

‑K`|! mb tbda`i!’ jmsx`t`n Sjpa js k` xjs j~ ~k` k`jn bg ~k` gbpt dlf`s k` lmnloj~`n a`g~

jmn paa`n bp~ bm~b ~k` ijlm tbjn k`jnlmh jxj| gtbi ~k` sokbba-

%%%%%



7?

Okj~`t 8

Js ~k` htbp ~ptm`n a`g~ bm~b ~k` tbjn xk`t` sk` ps` ~b alw` sk` spd)wbojals`n! ‑@w`t|bm`!

s`w`m~k kbps` bm ~k` a`g~-’Jaa gbpt dlf`s lmnloj~`n a`g~ jmn paa`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| sabxlmh ~b j s~b eps~ d`sln` ~k`

j~k a jnlmh ~b ~k` g`x s~`s p ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt-

Xk`m sk` kjn oalid`n bgg sk` sjln! ‑Obi` bm `w`t|bm`- Mb bm` ls kbi` jmn L nbm“~ hlw`

j skl~ xkb s``s- L s~laa bggloljaa| alw` k`t` jmn |bp jt` i| gtl`mns-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n `w`t|bm` jmn gbaabx`n k`t p ~k` j~k jmn ~k` ~xb s~jlts ~b ~k` gtbm~

nbbt-

_k` b`m`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt sk` s~``n lmsln` jmn jaabx`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gtl`mns lm- ‑Ijf`

|bptsàw`s j~ kbi` `w`t|bm`!’ sk` sjln jg~`t oabslmh ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- ‑Ojm sbi`bm` s~lof ~k`

f`~~a` bm jmn ijf` sbi` ntlmfs2 L xbpanm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ i| jt`m~s obilmh kbi` jm|~li`

sbbm-’

Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n lm ~k`| sjx ~b ~k` a`g~ bg ~k` gtbm~ nbbt xjs ~k` alwlmh tbbi! xklok

kjn j obpa` bg mlo` abbflmh sbgjs! j hjs `ggò~ glt` lm ~k` glt` ajo` jmn j ajth` Gaj~ sot``m ~à`

jdbw` l~- ^bxjtns ~k` djof bg ~k` kbps` xklok ~k` alwlmh tbbi s~t`~ok`n ~k` a`mh~k bg xjs j

sijaa bgglo` xl~k j obip~`t! tlm~`t jmn xbtf sjo`- ^b ~k` tlhk~ xjs j ajth` nlmlmh tbbi xl~k

j szpjt` ~jda` lm ~k` ilnna`! spttbpmn l~ xjs gbpt okjlts- Bm ~k` xjaa gjolmh ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k`

kbps` xjs j nbbt ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` fl~ok`m! jasb jabmh ~kj~ xjaa xjs j abmh dbbf ojs` glaa`n xl~k

ban gjsklbm`n j`t dbbfs- ^k` aldtjt| obm~lmp`n p ~k` xjaa xklok ijn` ~k` sln` bg ~k` s~jlts

~b ~k` glts~ gabbt! ~kls bm` xjs glaa`n xl~k nlhl~ja mbwàs jmn ibt` j`t dbbfs- ^k` s~jlts p ~b

~k` glts~ gabbt kjn j sbaln abx`t sò~lbm dp~ ~k` glts~ gabbt ajmnlmh kjn j djmls~`t jmn obapims

ijflmh spt` mb bm` gàa bw`t ~k` `nh`-

‑Bf!’ sjln ^lmj jmn Jds! ‑xk`t`“s ~k` fl~ok`m2’

‑^ktbphk ~k`t`!’ sk` sjln jmn blm~`n j~ ~k` nbbt bgg ~k` ajth` nlmlmh tbbi-

‑Jm|~klmh L ojm nb2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`s kpm! ~k`t` ls!’ sk` tàl`n js sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` s~jlts ~b ~k` glts~ gabbt-

Sjpa ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn x`m~ ~b sl~ nbxm lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi- ^k` ps~jlts kjn gbpt nbbts

a`jnlmh bgg ~k` ajmnlmh xklok xjs j oltoa` xl~k ~k` s~jlts d`lmh ~k` ilnna`- Bm ~k` xjaas xklok

x`t` ot`ji| bgg xkl~` x`t` lo~pt`s bg k`t ipi jmn njn jmn Mlof kjwlmh gpm-

_k` a`n _jmntj p ~k` s~jlts- _k` ~ptm`n tlhk~ j~ ~k` ~b bg ~k` s~jlts! tlhk~ jhjlm! b`m`n j

nbbt jmn xjaf`n lm~b k`t d`ntbbi! xklok! js mbtija! xjs j i`ss! oab~k`s la`n lm bm` obtm`t!

dbbfs! mb~ s jmn b~k`t l~ìs lm j sòbmn- ^k` tbbi xjs glw` i`~t`s szpjt` xl~k xlmnbxs jabmh

db~k bp~sln` xjaas- Jabmh bm` xjaa xjs j ajth` xjtntbd`! gtbi ~k` ~b bg xklok sk` htjdd`n



~xb ajth` tpofsjofs jmn ~kt`x ~kì bm~b ~k` d`n- _k` ~bbf ~xb sijaa`t tpofsjofs! xklok x`t`

kjmhlmh gtbi kbbfs bm ~k` sln`-

Js _jmntj xjaf`n p ~k` s~jlts jmn tbpmn ~k` ajmnlmh sk` abbf`n j~ ~k` lo~pt`s jmn

jsf`n! ‑Jt` ~k`s` bg |bp jmn |bpt ipi jmn njn2’

Js sk` xjaf`n jotbss k`t tbbi ~bxjtns ~k` n`sf bm xklok x`t` k`t aj~b obip~`t jmn

b~k`t bgglo` `tlk`tjas sk` ~ptm`n k`t k`jn jmn abbf`n j~ xk`t` _jmntj xjs abbflmh! ‑\`s! ~kj~

bm` ls i| gjwbptl~`!’ jmn sk` blm~`n ~b ~k` bm` kpmh d`sln` k`t tbbi“s nbbt- ^k` lo~pt` xjs

bg Mlof jmn ~xb Ejttujtljm“s j~ j tàlhlbps sl~` sbiàjo` d`jp~lgpa-

_jmntj! s~bbn d`sln` ~k` nbbt xj| jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` lo~pt`- ‑Xkb jt` ~k` b~k`t ~xb2’

jsf`n _jmntj js sk` s~``n lm~b ~k` nbbtxj|! ‑jmn xkj~ nb |bp xjm~ i` ~b nb2’

‑Epi)Gp jmn Xbmh)Ij- ^xb bg i| oabs`s~ gtl`mns! nb |bp tììd`t xk`m Sjpa jsf`n

xk`t` xbpan xjm~ ~b alw`2’ sk` jsf`n! ‑Obpan |bp hb ~b ~k` pmn`t)d`n s~btjh` jt`j jmn h`~ ~k`

oab~k`s |bp glmn ~k`t` jmn glaa bm` bg ~k` ajth` tpofsjofs jmn ~k`m ì~| ~k` opdbjtn ~k`t` lm~b

~k` b~k`t bm`!’ sk` sjln jmn blm~`n ~b ~k` opdbjtn kjmhlmh bm ~k` xjaa-

Js _jmntj s~bb`n sk` saln ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` s~btjh` jt`j b`m sk` tàl`n! ‑\`s L nb! xk|2’

‑I``~ ~k` t`jsbms gbt i` sj|lmh ^k`jdjm lm Ejttujt- ^kj~ lo~pt` xjs ~jf`m d| Epi“s

ipi xk`m x` x`t` wlsl~lmh j ^jddjt _ktlm`- L~ xjs ~k`t` i` jmn ~kì `tgbti`n j Dabbn

Gjila| O`tìbm|- L gbthb~ ~k` pmn`ta|lmh tlmola`s xk`m L a`g~ Ejttujt! jmn ~kj~ ls gtl`mns

kbx`w`t gjt ~k`| jt` gtbi |bp xlaa jaxj|s d` ~k`t` gbt |bp!’ sk` tàl`n js sk` oa`jt`n k`t `ms

jmn `molas gtbi ~k` wjtlbps b~s lm~b bm` bg ~k` sijaa tpofsjofs- _k` t`jok`n p ~b ~k` ~b

skàg jdbw` ~k` n`sf jmn ~bbf nbxm j s~jof bg dpslm`ss ojtns xklok x`t` s~pof ~b bm j slf`!

sk` ajo`n l~ bm ~k` n`sf jmn t`jok`n p jhjlm jmn ~bbf nbxm ~k` ~b bg ~k` slf`- _k` ~k`m

~bbf bp~ j s~jof bg mb~` dbbfs gtbi ~k` skàwlmh pml~s jmn ~k`s` x`t` ajo`n d`sln` ~k` dpslm`ss

ojtns- _k` ajo`n ~k` slf` lm~b ~k` tpofsjof jmn ~kj~ xjs oabsà| gbaabx`n d| ~k` s~jof bg mb~`

dbbfs- _k` ~k`m b`m`n ~k` ~b ntjx bg k`t n sf jmn ~bbf bp~ j abmh ul n xjaa`~! lm xklok

x`t` j gldt` b~lo oji`tj jmn jm `mnbsob` obm~tbaajda` `{~`mn`t- ^k` m`{~ g`x xjaa`~s bp~ bg

~k` ntjx`ts jaa kjn k`t tòlslbm ~bbafl~s lm- ^k`s` x`t` ps`n lm k`t ebd js jm Lmn``mn`m~

_òptl~| obmspa~jm~- Gtbi ~k` sòbmn ntjx nbxm sk` ~bbf j ~x`m~| o`m~li`~t` abmh d| ~`m

o`m~li`~t` xln` d| glg~``m o`m~li`~t` n`` dajof db{ xl~k j ajth` obla bg ~klm ojda`s tb~tpnlmh

gtbi bm` `mn- _k` sila`n js sk` tììd`t`n ~k` gpm sk` kjs kjn xl~k ~kj~ al~~a` db{ bg ~tlofs-

^k` m`{~ l~ì sk` ~bbf bp~ xjs j sijaa AON sot``m jmn ~k` obm~tba db{ gbt ~k` `mnbsob`-

Gtbi ~k` w`t| djof bg ~k` ntjx sk` ~bbf ~k` ~xb okjth`ts xklok x`t` aphh`n lm~b j gbpt

sbof`~ `{~`mslbm dabof- _k` ~ptm`n ~b _jmntj jmn sjln! ‑Obpan |bp pmaph ~k` okjth`t gtbi ~k`

sbof`~ d`klmn ~k` d`nsln` ojdlm`~! jmn ~ktbx i` ~k` `m~lt` pml~2’_k` xj~ok`n _jmntj ibw` jmn sila`n j~ bm` bg ~k` oabs`s~ gtl`mns sk` kjn `{oapnlmh Epi

jmn Xbmh! js sk` pmaphh`n ~k` jnj~bt- _jmntj ~kt`x ~k` jnj~bt ~k`m ~k` okjth`t aj~` ~b k`t



70

xklok sk` ojphk~! tòbmmò~`n ~k` xlt` ~b ~k` aj~` jmn ~k`m ajo`n l~ lm ~k` sji` sln` bof`~ js

~k` `ms jmn `molas- _k` ~k`m ibw`n jtbpmn ~k` okjlt jmn b`m`n ~k` sòbmn ntjx bm ~k`

bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` n`sf xk`t` sk` ~bbf bp~ ~xb kjtn ojs`s bm` hb~ sal`n nbxm ~k` djof bg

~k` optt`m~ tpofsjof- ^k` sòbmn xjs saln lm~b ~k` b~k`t sln` bof`~! j ~kltn kjtn db{ x`m~ lm~b

~k` gtbm~ bof`~-

J~ ~kls ~k` tpofsjof xjs t`~~| ipok gpaa jmn sk` paa`n ~k` ntjx s~tlmh jmn ~k`m oabs`n

~k` ~b jmn oal`n l~ nbxm- _k` ajln ~k` tpofsjof nbxm gaj~ bm ~k` n`sf- _k` ~k`m b`m`n ~k`

sòbmn tpofsjof jmn ajo`n l~ bm ~k` htbpmn- _k` fmà~ nbxm jmn b`m`n ~k` db~~bi ntjx bg

~k` a`g~ kjmn sln`- Gtbi ~k` db~~bi ntjx`t sk` ~bbf k`t ibs~ tlu`n bss`sslbm! j Nà~ [J4333

^jda`~ Obip~`t xl~k gpaa)s``n xltà`ss m`~xbtflmh jmn jm pa~tj)klhk)t`sbap~lbm ~bpok sot``m-

_k` ajo`n ~k` ~jda`~ lm~b l~s tb~ò~lw` djh xklok aj| pmn`tm`j~k l~- ^k` djh xl~k ~k` ^jda`~ lm

xjs saln lm~b ~k` b`m tpofsjof- _k` ~k`m s~bbn jmn nlsobmmò~`n ~k` Aj~b gtbi ~k` kjtn)alm`

m`~xbtf jmn pmaphh`n ~k` bx`t jof gtbi ~k` sl{ aph `{~`mslbm dabof aboj~`n bm ~k` djof bg

~k` n`sf- _k` sal`n db~k ~k` bx`t jof jmn M`~Ojis lm~b ~k` sln` bof`~! ~k`s` l~ìs x`t`

eblm`n d| j xltà`ss ~tjofdjaa ibps`- _k` ~k`m d`m~ nbxm jmn ~bbf j s obmn tb~ò~lw` djh jmn

sal`n ~k` aj~b lm~b ~kj~ jmn ~kls jofjh` xjs ~k`m sal`n lm~b ~k` tpofsjof lm gtbm~ bg ~k`

~jda`~- _k` paa`n ~`m dbbfs gtbi ~k` db~~bi skàg gbtxjtn jmn bp~ bg ~k` skàwlmh pml~! ~k`s`

x`t` ajo`n bm ~k` n`sf! sk` ~k`m ~bbf ~xb NNN ojs`s xklok x`t` klnn`m d`klmn ~k` dbbfs bp~

jmn ~k`s` `mn`n p lm ~k` tpofsjof lm gtbm~ bg ~k` aj~b-‑^kls ls s~laa kjag ì~|! jm|~klmh às`!’ sjln _jmntj sjln js sk` glmlsk`n nlhhlmh ~k`

oab~k`s bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` d`n jmn opdbjtn-

‑\`s! ~k` d`nsln` ~jda`!’ sk` sjln js k` ibw`n! ojtt|lmh ~k` glts~ tpofsjof! ~b ~k`

xjtntbd`! jmn b`m`n l~- _k` d`m~ nbxm jmn ntjhh`n ~k` djs` pml~ xklok xjs klnn`m lmsln` bp~-

_k` htjdd`n ~k` ~b kjmna` dàbmhlmh ~b j tìbwjda` ntlw` nj| jmn paa`n l~ gbtxjtn jmn bp~

gtbi ~k` djs` pml~! sk` nln ~k` sji` ~b ~k` bm` d`m`j~k ~k` glts~- _k` ajo`n ~k` ~xb ntlw`s bm

~k` htbpmn- _k` ~k`m x`m~ ~b ~k` tpofsjof b`mlmh ~k` ~b hblmh lm~b ~k` ijlm bof`~ bg ~k`tpofsjof xk`t` sk` ~bbf bp~ bm` bg ~k` sijaa ul`n xjaa`~s- _k` b`m`n l~ jmn tìbw`n j

otbss)k`jn sot`xntlw`t- _k` ~k`m sxl~ok`n ~k` djs` pml~ bgg- Jg~`t ~k` obip~`t kjn bx`t`n

nbxm sk` nlsobmmò~`n jaa ~k` ojda`s gtbi ~k` djof jmn ~k`m tìbw`n ~k` xkba` djs` pml~ sb

sk` obpan pmsot`x ~k` djof jmn tìbw` ~k` obw`t- Xk`m ~k` obw`t xjs bgg sk` pmsot`x`n ~k`

tìbwjda` klhk s``n aj~~`t ntlw` dj|s jmn ~bbf ~k`m bp~-

‑Ntlmfs*’ xjs ojaa`n p ~k` s~jlts d| Jds-

‑^kjmfs! d` nbxm lm j ilmp~`!’ sk` ojaa`n djof jmn x`m~ djof ~b t`)ajolmh ~k` obw`t bm

~k` djs` pml~-

‑Glmlsk`n!’ sjln _jmntj s~jmnlmh p gtbi d`sln` ~k` d`n-



‑^kjmfs kpm! L skbpan d` nbm` lm j obpa` bg ilmp~`s! L m``n ~k`s` ~xb ntlw`s js ~k`|

obm~jlm i| alg`“s tbeò~s jmn jaa i| `tsbmja nj~j- Ojm |bp ~jf` ~kbs` ~xb tpofsjofs

nbxms~jlts gbt i`2’ _k` blm~`n ~b ~k` ~xb ajth` tpofsjofs- ‑Mb~ ~k`s` ~xb!’ sk` sjln! blm~lmh

~b ~k` ~xb sijaa djhs-

‑Bf!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` k`jw`n bm` bg ~k` ~xb ajth` tpofsjofs bm~b k`t djof jmn

htjdd`n ~k` b~k`t bm` bma| ~b p~ l~ djof nbxm-

_k` glmlsk`n tàjolmh ~k` obw`t jmn saln ~k` djs` pml~ djof lm~b l~s kbi` lm ~k`

xjtntbd`- _k` lof`n p ~k` obia`~`n dj|s jmn s~pgg`n ~kì lm~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` tpofsjof

kbanlmh ~k` ~jda`~ jmn aj~b- _k` htjdd`n k`t sòbmn xjaa`~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` laabx xk`t` sk`

kln l~! jmn s~pgg`n l~ lm~b ~k` lmsln` bof`~ bg ~k` a`j~k`t ejof`~ sk` xjs x`jtlmh- _k` jasb

htjdd`n k`t gjwbptl~` ga`ò` jmn mlhk~ obidj~ ejof`~ gtbi ~k` kbbfs d`sln` ~k` nbbt jmn s~pgg`n

~kì lm~b j ajs~lo djh-

Js sk` a`g~ k`t d`ntbbi sk` htjdd`n ~k` abmh djh ~kj~ sj~ d`sln` ~k` nbbt! k`t x`jbms bg

okblo` xk`m l~ oji` ~b ~k` jti`n oabs` glhk~lmh! k`t skbt~ s~jw`s- ^k` jlt kjn d``m hlw`m ~b

k`t d| Epi jmn Xbmh xk`m sk` kjn a`g~ Ejttujt- _k` ojttl`n ~kì jmn ~k` djhs bp~ jmn a`g~

~kì bm ~k` ajmnlmh- _k` x`m~ lm~b k`t jt`m~s“ d`ntbbi jmn ~b k`t ipi“s d`nsln` ~jda`! xk`t`

sk` b`m`n ~k` ntjx`t! jmn tìbw`n j ajth` xjn bg nòf mb~`s- ^kls ~bb `mn`n p lm ~k` lmsln`

bof ~- Xk`m sk` `{l~`n ~k` tbbi sk` sjx _jmntj ojtt|lmh ~k` sòbmn tpofsjof nbxm ~k` s~jlts-

_k` k`jn`n gbt ~k` dj~ktbbi jmn ~bbf k`t tjubt jmn skjwlmh hà gtbi ~k` opdbjtn- _k` b`m`n

~k` jltlmh opdbjtn jmn ~bbf nbxm bm` bg ~k` mpi`tbps sijaa dj~k djhs lm~b xklok x`m~ ~k`

tjubt jmn hà jabmh xl~k k`t ~bb~kdtpsk jmn j obpa` bg gjo` oab~k`s- _k` ~bbf gtbi k`t ~bxà

kban`t k`t gjo` ~bxà- _k` ~k`m ~ptm`n jmn ~bbf db~k k`t gt`ska| jlt`n dj~k ~bxàs gtbi ~k`

jltlmh opdbjtn! sk` jasb ~bbf k`t ht``m ~bxàalmh tbd` jmn oabs`n ~k` jltlmh opdbjtn nbbt-

_k` xjaf`n bp~ htjddlmh ~k` ~xb sijaa tpofsjofs jmn b~k`t djhs- _k` gbaabx`n _jmntj nbxm

~k` s~jlts jmn ajo`n jaa ~k` djhs d`sln` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- _k` ~k`m ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn eblm`n k`t m`x

gtl`mns kjwlmh k`t ajs~ ntlmf bg obgg`` j~ k`t ban kbi`-

Eps~ js sk` xjs a`jwlmh! sk` lof`n p ~k` mb~`dbbf xklok xjs a`g~ d| ~k` kbm` jmn

xtb~` j mb~` ~b k`t ipi jmn njn )

L ji BF ipi! njn! dp~ L m``n ~b glmn xk`t` L ji spbs`n ~b d` jmn ~k` `tsbm L ji

spbs`n ~b d`-

Nbm“~ xbtt|! L kjw gbpmn sbi` m`x gtl`mns! jmn ~k` s~btl`s |bp k`jt gtbi sokbba jdbp~

~k` lmoln`m~s jt` ~tp`! l~ xjs i` jmn i| m`x gtl`mns oa`jmlmh kbps`- D| ~k` ~li` |bp t`jn ~kls L

xlaa kjw` oa`jm`n bp~ i| djmf joobpm~- Nbm“~ db~k`t ~b abbf gbt i` ‟ |bp xbm“~ glmn i` ‟ xk`m

L ji t`jn| L xlaa glmn |bp- L“w` jasb mlof`n jaa ~k` ibm`| lm ~k` kbps`- b~ja jdbp~ :833nfs- L a`nh` js |bpt

bggstlmh ~kj~ L xlaa t`j| |bp ~k` xkba` spi js sbbm js L ji jda` ~b-



78

Mlof"Mlds

_k` a`g~ ~k` mb~` bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda`! lof`n p ~k` tpofsjof xklok obm~jlm`n k`t aj~b

jmn ^jda`~ obip~`t- _k` ~k`m oabs`n ~k` nbbt bm k`t ban alg` gbt`w`t! sk` ~bbf k`t kbps` f`|s

bgg k`t f`|)tlmh jmn bs~`n ~kì ~ktbphk ~k` a`~~`tdb{- _k` ~ptm`n jmn eblm`n k`t m`x gtl`mns

xkb x`t` s~jmnlmh lm ~k` ntlw`xj| xjl~lmh gbt k`t ~b eblm ~kì- Xk`m sk` kjn oalid`n bm

d`klmn _jmntj sk` abbf`n djof j~ ~k` kbps`! sjn ~kj~ sk` kjn d` m gbto`n ~b tpm)jxj|! dp~ sk`

xjs jasb kj| sk` xjs lm obm~tba bg k`t jo~lbms jmn sk` fm`x xkj~ sk` xbpan d` nblmh- Gbt

sbi` pmfmbxm t`jsbm sk` fm`x ~kls xjs ~k` alg` sk` xjs spbs` ~b a`jn- ^k` t`s~ bg k`t djhs

x`t` ojttl`n d| Jds! ^lmj jmn Sjpa jmn jaa k`t dj~ktbbi `zpli`m~ jmn ajs~lo djh x`t` lm ~k`

db{ bm Sjpa“s dlf -

D| 30533JM ~kj~ nj| sk` kjn ~tjmsg`tt`n ?333nfs sk` kjn k`t ijlm djmf joobpm~ lm~b k`t

_~t``~ Hkbs~ joobpm~ jmn btn`t`n j _~t``~ Hkbs~ N`dl~ Ojtn- _k` sila`n xk`m sk` tììd`t`n

P~kptj ~àalmh k`t! ‛~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ Djmf ls bggloljaa| ojaa`n ~k` :3 ~k Djmf bg @okb ^òk Ol~|-

Jaa Gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~s xk`m ~k`| jt` sbmsbt`n h`~ jm joobpm~ b`m`n jmn ~k` joobpm~ mpid`t

ls |bpt jssxbtn ~b ~k` s|s~ì- ^k` djmf kjs t`hpajt ops~bi`ts! dp~ ~k` `m~lt` p`t

ijmjhì`m~ jt` t`~lt`n _~t``~ Hkbs~s-“ Bp~sln` ~k` s`w`m~k _pttj Mj~lbmja Djmf! sk` okòf`n

k`t _~t``~ Hkbs~ Joobpm~! jmn sjx l~ kjn :>!333 nòfs t`jn| jwjlajda` gpmns- ‛ L m``n ~b ijla

Njil`m jmn ~àa kli ~kj~ L“i mbx j gpaa hkbs~-“J~ oabs` ~b 37533JM! _jmntj jmn k`t ntbw` sabxa| js~ k`t ban kbi` jmn sk` sjx ipi

sl~~lmh lm ~k` okjlt ot|lmh! jm @ddsp sòptl~| w`kloa` xjs jtf`n d`klmn ~k` ojt ipi ps`n ~b h`~

~b xbtf- Njn kjn kls jti xtj`n jtbpmn k`t jmn sj~ bm ~k` b~k`t sbgj xjs j _òptl~| bgglo`t

jmn xjaflmh lm~b ~k` tbbi sk` sjx j sòbmn- _k` gà~ j ~`jt xàa`n p lm k`t `|` xklok sk` kjn

~b xl` jxj|-

‑Kbx abmh d`gbt` |bp ajm ~b s`` ~kì2’ oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì gtbi

_jmntj-‑Mb ln`j- Kbx abmh ls j lò` bg s~tlmh2 Xk`m L ji t`jn| ~b-’

^k` ~xb sjln mb~klmh pm~la ~k`| hb~ djof ~b Kbi` Djs`-

‑_kblmh ~bibttbx-’ _k` kjn j kj| sila` bm k`t gjo`-

‑\`jk! skblmh jmn |bp dòbi` j ~tp` Hjmhtà-’

%%%%%

^k` jlt xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jg~`t jtflmh _jmntj“s dlf` lm ~k` pmn`t)kbps`

hjtjh`- _k` sjx Sjpa abpmhlmh lm bm` bg ~k` jtiokjlts lm gtbm~ bg ~k` gltàjo`- ^lmj jmn Jds



x`t` sj~ j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt! ntlmflmh j kb~ ntlmf jmn zpl`~a| okj~~lmh jmn ajphklmh ~bh`~k`t-

_j~ bm ~k` obig| sbgjs jtbpmn ~k` obgg`` ~jda` xjs Njtaj xl~k k`t djof ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- _j~ bm

~k` gabbt lm gtbm~ bg k`t x`t` ~k` ~xlms! Jmhà jmn Njil`à- _j~ bm bm` bg ~k` b~k`t sbgjs xjs

sbi`bm` sk` kjn s``m kjmhlmh bp~ xl~k ~k` Gbb~djja ~`ji- _k` kjn mb ln`j xkb k` xjs! js sk`

m`w`t ~bbf jm| mb~lo` bg xkb xjs lm ~k` ~`ji- ^k` bma| iìd`ts sk` fm`x ~k` mji`s bg x`t`

~k` ijlm dpaal`s-

_jmntj ~ptm`n ~bxjtns k`t sb sk` obpan ~jf` k`t ejof`~! jmn sjx k`t gjo` jmn ~k` abbf bg

‛xkj~ ~k` kàa ls k` nblmh k`t`2“

‑Bk skl~! x` gbthb~ ~b ~àa |bp Mlds- Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Hjt| _p~k`tajmn! ~k` bma|

iìd`t bg ~k` Wl{`ms mb~ ~b d` j~ ~k` jt~| bw`t ~k` x``f`mn!’ _jmntj t`sbmn`n ~b k`t jmht|

gjo`-

‑Js L ~klmf l~ xbpan d` djn tb~boba ~b hlw` kli xkj~ gbt! L“aa a`jw` l~!’ sk` xkls`t`n

jmhtla| lm _jmntj“s `jt-

Sjpa abbf`n p jmn jtbpmn ~b s`` Mlds sajiilmh ~k` gtbm~ nbbt kjtn! xl~k Mlds bm ~k`

bp~sln`- ‑Hjt|2’ k` jsf`n _jmntj abbflmh zpluuloja-

_jmntj tàl`n xl~k j mbnn`n |`s-

‑Tlhk~-’

’L“aa `{ajlm ~k` bal~los- L“aa a`jw` |bp ~b ~jaf ~b Hjt|-’

’Bf-’

J~ ~kls blm~ k` mb~lo`n Hjt| kjn abbf`n p gtbi t`jnlmh ~k` _pttj Mj~lbmja ^li`s- K`

hp`ss`n Hjt| xjs xbmn`tlmh xk| kls mji` kjn d``m sjln jmn mb bm` kjn sjln kl bt jm|~klmh

às`-

’Hjt|!’ k` sjln! ‑\bp tììd`t _jmntj jsf`n jdbp~ Mlof eblmlmh ~k` Wl{`ms2’

‑\`jk!’ tàl`n Hjt|-

‑Mlof sjln |`s! `{o`~ l~s Mldbaj Oja~bm! mb~ Mlof x` hjlm`n js j iìd`t-’

‑Bk* L bf`n i| k`jn jtbpmn ~k` ojm~``m nbbt jmn sjx |bp ab~ sj~ xk`t` ^k` Hbtlaajs

mbtijaa| sj~! L jasb sjx ^k` Kpmf hb stjxalmh jg~`t ~k` m`x gìja` xl~k |bp kjn ajmn`n ~k`

fm``-’

‑\`s k`t-’

%%%%%

Bp~sln`! Mlds sj~ bm ~k` ~b s~` jmn s~jt~`n ~b tbaa j gt`sk Ojidjt olhjt`~~`-_jmntj xjaf`n bp~ d`klmn k`t! oabs`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn sj~ d`sln` k`t- ‑_btt| kpm x`

skbpan kjw` ~ban |bp jdbp~ Hjt| ~kls ibtmlmh dp~ l~ nln sal i| ilmn-’



7<

‑Xàa j~ a`js~ k` m`w`t kpt~ i` `l~k`t k|slojaa| bt ìb~lbmjaa|- K` eps~ s~bbn ~k`t` jmn

jaabx`n l~ ~b kj`m- Xklok ls eps~ js djn!’ sk` sjln p~~lmh ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` lm~b k`t

ibp~k jmn galof`n k`t alhk~`t ~b alhk~ ~k` ~l- _k` ~k`m ~bbf j n`` ntjx ~ktbphk ~k` Ojidjt

olhjt`~~`-

‑^tp` jmn k` m`w`t xbpan kjw` nbm` jm|~klmh ~b kpt~ |bp!’ tàl`n _jmntj- ‑Js j Hjmhtà

k` t`sò~s jaa alg` `{o`~ ~kbs` x` jt` jln ~b kpt~ bt ~kbs` xkb xjm~ ~b kpt~ ps bt bpt gtl`mns-’

^k`t` xjs j jps`-

‑L hp`ss |bp kjw` mb ln`j obmo`tmlmh hjmh bal~los jmn ~k` t`hpaj~lbms x` js Hjmh

iìd`ts alw` pmn`t j~ ~k` sokbba jmn lm h`m`tja sbol`~|2’ obm~lmp`n _jmntj-

‑Mb L nbm“~- ^k`| m`w`t t`jaa| db~k`t`n i` pm~la mbx-’

‑A`~ i` `{ajlm kbx ~k` |bp~k opa~pt` xbtfs j~ ~k` sokbba jmn ~ktbphkbp~ _ptjdjm- ^k`

Gbb~djja ^`ji bt js ~k`| jt` fmbxm bm ~k` s~t``~s ‛^k` Jo`s“! tpm ~k` s~pn`m~ sln` bg ~k`

sokbba! ~k`| w`~ jaa ~k` kjaa ibml~bts! jmn spok- Js j sln`)alm` sbi` bg ~k` iìd`ts dpaa| ~kbs`

xkb jt` x`jf`t bt ~kbs` xkb s~jmn bp~ js nlgg`t`m~- ^k`| jasb kj~` ~k` Hjmhtàs ‛ojps` ~k`| h`~

~k`lt dp~~s kjmn`n ~b ~kì t`hpajta| xk`m Hjmhtà pml~s jt` klt`n ~b kà b~k`t hjmhs flof ~k`lt

jts`s lm dj~~a`! sbi`~klmh ~b nb xl~k ~kì d`lmh jttbhjm~- _libm jmn j obpa` ibt` ~`jok`ts

dàbmh ~b jm bthjmlsj~lbm ojaa`n O`m~tja xklok ijf`s spt` ~k` wjtlbps hjmhs! xklok ~k` sokbba

kjs s`w`m j~ ~k` ajs~ obpm~! nbm“~ nòajt` b`m xjt xk`m bm sokbba htbpmns-’

_k` abbf`n zp`s~lbmjda| js _jmntj-‑\`s! _libm! x` kjn j sibf` xl~k! k`“s ~k` ijlm obm~jo~ O`m~tja kjs lm ~k` sokbba- Gtbi

xkj~ x` js Hjmhtàs fmbx l~“s jm bthjmlsj~lbm s`~ p d| ~k` ol~| hbw`tmi`m~ jdbp~ :0 |`jts

jhb ~b bw`ts`` ~k` jggjlts bg ~k` |bp~ks jmn |bpmh jnpa~s pm~la jdbp~ ~k` jh` bg 4>- Js _ptjdjm

kjs jaxj|s kjn j klhk `to`m~jh` bg _~t``~ Hjmhs j ab~ bg ~k` xbtf ls j~ ijflmh spt` ~k`| nbm“~

dt`jf ~k` ajxs bg _ptjdjm jmn _pttj- Js db~k ~k` Hjmht as jmn ~k` Jo s jt` iìd`ts x` gbaabx

O`m~tja“s tpa`s obmo`tmlmh glt`jtis jmn ~klmhs alf` ~kj~- Gtbnjt `w`mlmh“s gpm xl~k ~k` W`m~s! jaa

~k` dpaa`~s x` x`t` ojtt|lmh-’‑X`t` dajmfs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! ‑L mb~lo`n ~kj~ xk`m |bp jss`n i` ~k` 88-’

‑\`jk!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑J sokbba tpa` `mgbto`n d| O`m~tja ls ~kj~ ~k` wjtlbps Hjmhs jt`

gbtdlnn`m ~b kà j iìd`t bg ~k` s~pn`m~ dbn| xkb ls mb~ j als~`n iìd`t bg ~k` sji` hjmh-’

‑L s`` mbx! xl~k ~kj~ tpa` xkj~ |bp nln xjs ~k` ibs~ |bp obpan nb-’

‑\`s!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑\bp tbdjda| jat`jn| hp`ss`n ~kj~ ~k` ls~bas x` jaa ojtt| jt` jti`n

xl~k alw` tbpmns-’

‑L jo~pjaa| kjnm“~ mb~lo`n ~b d` kbm`s~-’

‑^kj~ ls j daj~jm~ dt`jflmh bg ~k` tpa`s ~kj~ jaa x`jbms pma`ss |bp jt` k`jnlmh ~b j Xjt

Ubm` bt ~b j gt`` glt` ubm` bt jm jt`j n`slhmj~`n js j alw` glt` jt`j! ips~ d` abjn`n xl~k dajmfs-’



‑Xk| dt`jf ~kj~ tpa`2’ sk` jsf`n! sk` fm`x sk` abbf`n lm~`t`s~`n lm fmbxlmh-

‑J g`x |`jts jhb O`m~tja tjm j htbp ojaa`n O`m~tj- Djslojaa| O`m~tj x`t` O`m~tja“s

balolmh jti- @{o`~ O`m~tj hb~ joops`n bg obttp~lbm! O`m~tja lmw`s~lhj~ n jmn nlssbaw`n ~k`

gbto`- Zp``m _jtjk! bpt a`jn`t! mbx! djof ~k`m sk` kjn eps~ d``m ~tjmsg`tt`n gtbi ~k` Dl~ok

Wl{`ms ~b bm` bg ~k` Obiijmn Pml~s! kjn d``m m`hb~lj~lmh tlwj~à| xl~k ~k` a`jn`tskl bg

O`m~tja ~kj~ skbpan O`m~tj d` nlssbaw`n ~k` Hjmhtàs dòbi` ~k` balolmh gbto`- O`m~tja slhm`n

~k` obm~tjo~ lms~tpo~lmh ^k` Hjmhtàs d` O`m~tja“s balolmh gbto` ~xb ibm~ks jg~`t ~k`

nlsdjmni`m~ bg O`m~tj- Xl~klm ~k` obm~tjo~ jt` lms~tpo~lbms obmo`tmlmh o`t~jlm tpa`s! alf` ~k`

ojtt|lmh bg alw` tbpmns lm bpt x`jbms jmn ~k` bsl~lbmlmh bg kln`s bm ~k` dlf`s bt b~k`t

w`kloa`s x`t` abs~ lm ~k` m`l~k`t xbtans-’

_k` ~k`m bgg`t`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` ~b _jmntj! xkb ~bbf l~ jmn tìbw`n k`t alhk~`t

gtbi k`t bpok sb sk` obpan tàlhk~ l~-

Jg~`t ~jflmh j ntjx _jmntj obm~lmp`n! ‑O`m~tja alf` ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtan t`sò~s ~k`

Hjmhtàs _~t``~ Hjmh gbt ~k` slia` t`jsbm! x` pmn`ts~jmn ~k` t`sbmsldlal~| bg ojtt|lmh

x`jbms jmn alw` jiib- Jaa iìd`ts jt` jasb ~tjlm`n lm kbx ~b kjmna` glt`jtis tjmhlmh gtbi

ls~bas ~b k`jw| ijoklm` hpms t`sbmslda|-’ _k` abbf`n j~ _jmntj xl~k j gjo` sj|lmh kbx obi`-

‑L skbpan sj| jaa Hjmhtàs s`mn ~klt~``m x``f`mns j~ obiijmn p lm _bp~k Nbofs Nls~tlo~

a`jtmlmh kbx ~b d` j Hjmhtà! dp~ xl~k `ba` alf` |bptsàg! l~“s blm~a`ss |bp fmbx kbx ~b

kjmna` j x`jbm jmn kbx ~b n`g`mn |bptsàg- J dlh jt~ bg l~ ls a`jtmlmh kbx ~b d` sjg` xl~k

glt`jtis jmn jasb ijtfsijmskl- L ojm ~tla` ~j j kpijm slu`n ~jth`~! xl~k i| ^jtn Flm`~lo >>

K`jw| Jp~bij~lo! jmn s~b kli n`jn j~ :03i`~t`s-’

‑\bp“aa s~b ibs~ `ba` n`jn xl~k bm` dpaa`~ glt`n gtbi ~kj~ ojmmbm!’ sk` t`sbmn`n

x`jtlmh j sila`- ‑L ~klmf L s`` mbx! dp~ ~kj~ s~laa nbm“~ `{ajlm Hjt| lmsln`-’

‑Hjt|! j gpaa iìd`t bg ~k` Hjmhtàs xl~k bm` jmn j kjag |`jts gtbm~ alm` obidj~

`{`tl`mo` xl~k ~k` _bp~k Dap` Tlnh` Ijpa`ts jmn sl{ ibm~ks xl~k ps ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! kjs j

hbbn s`~ bg a`hs jmn ls jm `{oàa`m~ ^lhk~ Tò`lw`t jmn kjn d``m aj|lmh gbt ~xb |`jts t`wlbps

~b ~k` Jo`s jttlwlmh- Xk`m ~k` gbb~djja ~`ji jttlw`n jg~`t ~k` spii`t kbalnj|s j obpa` bg

|`jts jhb! `w`t|bm` bm ~k` ban ~`ji xjs p~ bm mb~lo` ~kj~ |bp `l~k`t eblm bt x` p~ |bp lm

kbsl~ja- Hjt| xjs hblmh ~b zpl~! k` aj|`n dòjps` k` `meb|`n aj|lmh! dp~ pmn`t ~k` m`x

t`hli` k` gbpmn l~ w`t| nlgglopa~ ~b obm~lmp`- K` xjs sòlglojaa| jsf`n d| ~k` objok ~b s~j| bm

~k` ~`ji- Xl~k ~k` kj~t`n ~k` Jo`s kjw` gbt ps Hjt| f``s kls Hjmhtà iìd`tskl j sòt`~-’

‑Mbx L pmn`ts~jmn!’ sk` sjln-

%%%%%

‑L ips~ sj| sk` kjs sbi` mlo` ibw`s- L k`jt sk` dtbf` kls mbs` xl~k ~k` fm``-’ Hjt| sjln-



8:

Xk`m Mlds jmn _jmntj kjn glmlsk`n ~jflmh bp~sln`! _jmntj b`m`n ~k` nbbt jmn xjaf`n lm

salhk~a| jk`jn bg k`t- Xk`m ~k` nbbt kjn b`m`n ~k` sla`mo` ~kj~ gàa bw`t ~k` tbbi xjs

jajda -

Njtaj ~ptm`n ~b abbf j~ ~k` jlt sj|lmh! ‑Kl Mlds! hbbn nj| L k`jt2’

Js sk` xjaf`n lm sk` sjx ~kj~ Njtaj xjs kbanlmh ~xb abmh a`jsk`s xklok x`t` j~~jok`n ~b

~k` obaajts Jmhà jmn Njil`à xbt`-

_k` kjmn`n k`t ejof`~ ~b _jmntj xkb ~bbf ~kì jmn ~k` skbpan`t kbas~`ts ~b ~k`lt tbbi-

Hjt| sjln! sk` t`jals`n k` xjs ~t|lmh ~b dt`jf ~k` sla`mo` ~kj~ kjn n`so`mn`n! ‑L ips~ sj|!

mlo` fm`` |bpmh‧’ Hjt| jps`n gbt j mb~lo`jda` sòbmn! ‑ajn|’ obm~lmp`n Hjt|-

‑Xk| ~kjmf |bp Hjt|!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑_bi` lm~tbnpo~lbms jt` lm btn`t L ~klmf-’ Sjpa sjln t`jalulmh ~kj~ Mlds kjn d``m ~ban xkb

Hjt| xjs! xjsm“~ hblmh ~b sj| jm|~klmh jmn b~k`t ~kjm kli ~àalmh Hjt| xkb Mlds xjs jmn kjn

d``m xjs jasb mb~ xlaalmh ~b d` ~k` glts~ ~b dt`jf ~k` sla`mo - ‑Mldbaj Oja~bm jasb fmbxm js

Mlds! ~kls ls Hjt| _p~k`tajmn! Hjt| Mlds!’ Sjpa ~k`m jps n gbt j dl~ jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑|`jk!

~kj~“s j hbbn blm~! xk`t` x`t` |bp bm Gtbnjt mlhk~2’

‑L xjs s~pof j~ j gbb~djja `w`m~ jmn s`m~ ~k` `m~lt` x``f`mn oà`dtj~lmh ~k` a`jhp` xlm- L

kjw` ~b aj| j ij{lipi bg ~kt`` ibt` hji`s d`gbt` L ojm d` gt`` bg ~kj~ gpoflmh dpmok bg ~xj~s!’ jmsx`t`n Hjt|-

Mlds eps~ dpts~ bp~ ajphklmh xk`m sk` t`jalu`n Hjt| `l~k`t xjs aj|lmh npid bt k` kjn mb

ln`j xkb sk` kjn d``m- ‑L ~klmf j salhk~a| d`~~`t lm~tbnpo~lbm ls lm btn`t!’ sk` sjln- ‑D`gbt` L

oji` ~b ~k` jt~| bm Gtbnjt L xjs fmbxm js Mlokbajs Oja~bm! ~k` hp|! |bp jmn ~kbs` ~xj~s ps`

~b dpaa| j~ sokbba-’

‑Gòflmh kàa*’ `{oajli`n Hjt|- ‑\bp kjw` hb~ ~b d` flnnlmh-’‑Mb x`“t` mb~ Hjt|!’ lm~`teò~`n _jmntj js sk` xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi-

_k` hp`ss`n aj|lmh jabmh js xk`m sk` abbf`n j~ k`t sk` xlmf`n! ‑~kls ls ~k` sji`

`tsbm-’

‑Gòf! L s~laa nbm“~ dàl`w` l~-’ Xl~k ~kls k` s~bbn jmn xjaf`n js~ ~k` otbss sbgj- Xk`m k`

xjs lm gtbm~ bg k`t k` x`m~ nbxm bm d`mn`n fm``! ‑L jbabhls` ~b |bp Mlof gbt ~k` kàa ~kj~ L

ij| kjw` p~ |bp ~ktbphk-’ Hjt| s~bbn s~loflmh kls kjmn bp~ jmn d`gbt` Mlds obpan sj|

jm|~klmh! ‑jmn xàobi` Mldbaj Oja~bm!’ k` ibw`n jmn xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑L kb` L ojm ojaa

|bp Mlds-’ Js k` ibw`n djof k` x`m~ djof ~b kls mbtija wblo`! ‑~b |bpt m`x alg` js j

Hjmhtà-’



_k` s~bbn ~k`t` lm obia`~` skbof! ‑L xjs hblmh ~b ~àa |bp bgg gbt ojaalmh i` Mlof! dp~

~k`m L t`jalu`n xkj~ |bp x`t` nblmh! o`t~jlma|! `w`t|bm` às` fmbxs i` js Mlds-’

Jds hb~ p jmn k`jn`n gbt xk`t` ~k` obgg`` `tobaj~bt xjs s~bbn! ì~|- _k` ~k`m k`jtn

~k` xj~`t tpmmlmh js sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` la` bg d`jm djhs jmn opsklbms- _jmntj gbaabx`n k`t jmn

sj~ lm ~k` bm` bg ~k` ~xb jti okjlts! oabs`s~ ~b xk`t` sk` xjs sl~~lmh-

‑^kjmf |bp! Mlds!’ tàl`n Hjt| js k` sj~ djof nbxm abbflmh tàl`w`n-

‑Xk`m L sjx |bp L x`t`m“~ spt` xkb |bp x`t`! dp~ s``lmh js |bp x`t` xl~k Sjpa jmn

_jmntj! jmn kjn ~jf`m ‛^k` Kpmf“ klisàg nbxm! L ijn` i|sàg sojto`-’

‑L bma| xjm~`n ‛^k` Kpmf“ jmn N`~tlof! _liblm` xjs jm jnn`n dbmps-’

Js sk` sj~ nbxm sk` ~bbf k`t SNP gtbi k`t bpok jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` okjth` i`~`t! l~ xjs

t`jnlmh jaibs~ ì~|- _k` hb~ djof p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` d`ntbbi xk`t` sk` tìbw`n ~k`

okjth`t dabof gtbi ~k` tpofsjof jmn oal`n ~k` SNP lm~b l~- _k` xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh

tbbi jmn sjx _jmntj kjn mlof`n ~k` la` bg opsklbms xk`t` sk` kjn d``m- ^kls a`g~ ~k` jti

okjlt _jmntj kjn d``m sj~ bm gt``- _k` aphh`n ~k` okjth`t lm~b ~k` gbpt aph xjaa sbof`~ d`sln`

~k` gltàjo` jmn ajo`n ~k` okjth`t jmn SNP xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ibdla`s bm ~k` ijm~à lò`-

_k` sj~ lm ~k` jti okjlt silalmh j~ _jmntj xkb xjs silalmh djof j~ k`t- _jmntj ibw`n sb

~b sl~ d`sln` k`t a`g~ a`h! t`s~lmh k`t k`jn bm k`t a`g~ ~klhk- Jds dtbphk~ bw`t j ~tj| bm xklok

xjs j kb~ ntlmf gbt `w`t|bm`-

^k` obmw`tsj~lbm x`m~ gtbi spdeò~ ~b spdeò~ pm~la Hjt| sjln! ‑I| x``f`mn xjsm“~ jaa

~kj~ djn! L nln ijf` obm~jo~ xl~k j _~t``~ N`ja`t j~ _jip`ja“s oà`dtj~lbm bm _jwtjnj|! jmn

gtbi ~kj~ i``~lmh! jmn k` obm~jo~`n i` |`s~`tnj|- K`s bgg`t`n ps sbi` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtf `w`m

~kbphk x` jt` bma| jssbolj~`s-’

‑Bk! xkb“s ìab|lmh2’ sk` jsf`n

‑Xkb ~k` ~jth`~2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

@w`t|bm`“s k`jn ~ptm`n ~b abbf j~ Hjt|-

‑^k` _~t``~ N`ja`t xjm~s sbi` obip~`t gla`s gtbi jm abx sòptl~| bgglo` dabof lm @djm

Klaa nls~tlo~- K` sjln l~ xjs j|lmh :3!333 `jok iìd`t aps p ~b :3!333 nòf `{`ms`s

joobpm~!’ tàl`n Hjt|

‑Xkb“s ~k` ~jth`~2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑^k` ajx glti bg Epal`~ jmn Njphk~`ts-’

‑Lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln js sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm jmn abjn`n k`t j~jt- _k` ~k`m ~bbf ~k`

alhk~`t xklok xjs ~l`n ~b ~k` jti jmn al~ ~k` gaji` jmn ~bbf j ntjx gtbi ~k` j~jt-

‑Xkj~ ls Kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj jmn ~ptm`n k`t k`jn ~b abbf j~ k`t gjo`-

‑L“i xbmn`tlmh xkj~ ~k` ajx glti ls xbtflmh bm ~b xjttjm~ j _~t``~ Hkbs~ ~`ji hblmhlm!’ sk` sjln- ‑Hjt| nb |bp fmbx xkb ls ìab|lmh2’ _k` ~k`m ~bbf j sòbmn ntjx gtbi ~k`

j~jt- _k` ~k`m bgg`t`n ~k` l` ~b _jmntj! xkb skbx`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt ~~` sk` kjn- _k` ~k`m



8?

~bbf ~k` ajs~ ntjx gtbi ~k` l` jmn ~k`m t`jok`n bw`t jmn ì~l`n l~ lm ~k` jsk ~tj|-

‑^k` _~t``~ N`ja`t sjln L~~sp ^òk ls ~k` ìab|`t- L ~klmf k` kjs ibt` lmgbtij~lbm xk`m

x` joo`~!’ tàl`n Hjt|-

‑Ii!’ sk` sjln! ‑Xkj~ ls L~~sp nblmh ~kj~ xjttjm~s j ajx glti kjwlmh lmgbtij~lbm ~k`|

xjm~-’

‑^tp`!’ sjln ^lmj-

_jmntj t`jok`n p jmn htjdd`n k`t obaajt jmn ntjhh`n k`t k`jn nbxm ~b xk`t` k`t k`jn

xjs! ‑L~“s h`~~lmh aj~`! jmn L“i ~lt`n kpm- L~“s d``m j abmh g`x nj|s!’ xkls`t`n _jmntj lm~b k`t

`jt bw`t j s~lga`n |jxm-

‑\`jk i` ~bb-’ _k` jasb obw`t`n j |jxm- ^k`| hb~ p db~k sj|lmh! ‑Mlhk~ `w`t|bm`!’ js

~k`| ibw`n ~bxjtns ~k` d`ntbbis-

‑Xk`m |bp m`{~ nbxm ~kls xj| Hjt|2’ sk` jsf`n

‑Mb~ ~bibttbx! bm Paa`ji! L“w` hb~ nàlw`tl`s ~bibttbx jmn L ~klmf njn xjm~s i` ~b tpm

sbi` `ttjmns bm Paa`ji ibtmlmh!’ tàl`n Hjt| js k` s~bbn jmn eblm`n Njtaj jmn ~k` ^xlms lm

h`~~lmh ~k`lt ejof`~s gtbi ~k` kbbfs lm ~k` d`ntbbi obttlnbt-

‑Bk |`jk Njtaj- L“i kjwlmh j hltas skblmh ~tl! |bp“t` lmwl~`n-’

‑Bf! tlmh i` lm ~k` ibtmlmh xk`m |bp kjw` nòln`n xk`t` |bp jt` hblmh! jmn x` ~kt``!’

js Njtaj lmnloj~`n Jmhà! Njil`à jmn k`tsàg! ‑_kjaa eblm ~k` gpm- Jmn L d`~ l~ ls hblmh ~b d`

gpm-’

%%%%%

Js _jmntj jmn k`t a`g~ ~k` alwlmh tbbi sk` sjln! ‑L xbpan kjw` ~kbphk~ Njtaj xbpan kjw`

a`g~ ~k` ~xlms j~ kbi` ~bibttbx lg ~k`| kjw` d``m djn-’

‑Mjk! Njtaj xlaa pmlsk ~kì ~bmlhk~ jmn ~kj~ xlaa d` ~k` ajs~ bg l~-’

‑Bf-’ _k` gbaabx`n _jmntj ~b k`t tbbi-_jmntj oabs`n ~k` nbbt bg k`t d`ntbbi ~b ~k` bp~sln` xbtan- _k` ~k`m htjdd`n k`t jtbpmn

~k` mòf jmn flss`n k`t jsslbmj~à| bm ~k` als- _k` t`~ptm`n ~k` lmwl~j~lbm jmn ~k` ~xb bg ~kì

spm jtbpmn pm~la ~k`| db~k gàa bw`t ~k` d`n jmn ajmn`n xl~k k`t bm ~k` db~~bi jmn _jmntj bm

~b- _jmntj lmm`n db~k bg k`t jtis ~b ~k` d`n jmn sj~ bm k`t s~bijok- _k` ~k`m ntjhh`n ~kì

~bh`~k`t jdbw` k`t k`jn- _k` xjs aj|gpaa| glhk~lmh k`t ~t|lmh ~b h`~ k`t kjmns gt``-

@w`m ~kbphk Mlds xjs bma| aj| glhk~lmh _jmntj obpan g`à Mlds“ s~t`mh~k- K`t ipsoa`s

x`t` ~lhk~ jmn xàa ~bm`n- _k` tìbw`n bm` kjmn xk`m ~k` b~k`t kjmn kjn kban bg db~k bg

Mlds“ xtls~s- _k` t`jok`n bw t jmn b m`n j ntjx`t lm k`t d`nsln` ojdlm`~! tìbwlmh j obpa



bg kjmn opggs jmn opgg`n db~k bg Mlds“ kjmns ~b ~k` `mn bg ~k` d`n jaa ~k` ~li` silalmh `wlaa|-

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` mlhk~ xjs gpaa bg lm~`t`s~lmh gpm-



80

Okj~`t ;

^btdjt :;~k Epxjt

_jmntj k`jtn j mbls` gtbi ~k` jt`j jtbpmn k`t xjtntbd`! sabxa| b`m`n k`t `|`s ~b abbf j jlt bg njtf dap` obtns- ‑Pkkiiii! Sjpa*’ k`t ~bm` xjs! ‛xkj~ nb |bp xjm~ lm ~k`t`“-

‑_btt| sls! L m``n ~b glmn ~k` Ekjmm db{-’

‑L~“s lm |bpt d`nsln` opdbjtn-’

‑Bk |`jk! L tììd`t mbx! sbtt|-’ Sjpa tjm bp~ bg ~k` d`ntbbi-

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` nlsj`jtlmh gbti js j laabx xjs ajpmok`n j~ kls djof! xl~k sbi`

bx t d`klmn l~-

‑Xkj~ ~k` kòf*’ `{oajli`n Sjpa js Mlds“ k`jn j`jt`n gtbi pmn`t ~k` obw`ts-

‑_btt| Sjpa- L kjw` mb ln`j xk`t` L hb~ ~kj~ s~t`mh~k gtbi! l~ eps~ kj`m`n!’ t`sbmn`n

Mlds lm jbabh`~lo ~bm`s-

‑Mb~ ~b xbtt|!’ tàl`n Sjpa jmn Sjpa“s k`jn j`jt`n jtbpmn ~k` nbbt gtji`! ‑l~ xjs

bma| j laabx-’

‑Nb |bp ilmn!’ sk` sjln spnn`ma|! ‑~k` Hjmhtàs ij| kjw` j pml s`{ balo| ~kj~ obw`ts

jaa h`mn`ts jmn `to`lw`n! dp~ Mlds kjs a`jn j skà~`t`n alg`! mbx h`~ jmn a`~ ps p bt ~k` m`{~

~klmh ga|lmh xlaa d` i| gls~! jmn |bp“t` |`~ ~b d`j~ i` dtb-’

‑L fmbx- L“i hbm`-’ Sjpa ~k`m t`jok`n lm jmn paa`n ~k` nbbt skp~

Mlds dalmf`n j obpa` bg ~li`s jmn ~k`m tpdd`n ~k` sa`` oa`jt gtbi k`t `|`s-

_jmntj sjln xk`m sk` kjn sj~ p bm k`t àdbxs! ‑? lmok`s a`g~ jmn |bp xbpan kjw` kl~ kls

djof-’

‑^kj~“s mb~ djn gbt `|`s oabs`n jmn bma| k`jtlmh Sjpa“s wblo` jmn gbb~s~`s-’

‑^kj~ lsm“~-’

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` oabof! l~ t`jn :3-?3DM- ‑Xkj~“s ~k` Ekjmm Db{2’

‑L~“s ~k` Wl{`ms ja~`t db{!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Ja~`t db{2’

‑\`jk db~k Sjpa jmn ^lmj gbaabx ~k` Sj~k bg Sj|hjm-’

’Mbx L pmn`ts~jmn- Nb |bp gbaabx l~ ~bb! kpm2’

_jmntj tàl`n js sk` ~bbf ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` gtbi ~k` d`nsln` ~jda` bm k`t sln` js xàa

js ~k` alhk~`t! ‑Mb~ js oabsà| js Sjpa bt ^lmj! dp~ L nb ~jf` jt~ lm ~k` o`tìbml`s jmn tl~`s-

Kbx jdbp~ |bp sx``~2’

‑L nbm“~ gbaabx j sòlglo i|~kbs bt j~k js spok! L il{ jmn ij~ok dl~s gtbi j ab~ bg ~k`

~tjnl~lbmja i|~kbs! `sòljaa| bm`s mj~lw` ~b Ejttujt jmn ~kj~ jt`j-’



_k` sj~ p tb`ta|! ~bbf ~k` kjag)sibf`n Ojidjt olhjt`~~` gtbi k`t sln`“s d`nsln` ~jda`

jsk~tj|! al~ l~! jmn ~bbf j ntjx gtbi l~-

‑Hjttldbm ip ~pmml _jmntj sjm!’ sk` sjln bp~ bg ~k` dap`-

‑Xkj~ nln |bp eps~ sj|! kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj jg~`t ~jflmh j ntjx jmn `{àalmh ~k` sibf`-

’ L abw` |bp! _jmntj lm _~t``~ Ejttujtljm!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑L“i gap`m~ lm jaa Ejttujtljm gtbi ~k`

Klhk s~pgg |bp xbpan s`jf ~b `ba` gtbi jdbw` |bpt s~j~lbm! ~b _~t``~ xklok ls xkj~ ;3 bg

Ejttujt s`jfs-’

‑Dabbn| kàa! |bp jt` j `tsbm bg ijm| ~ja`m~s! Mldbaj!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj js sk` sxpmh

k`t a`hs bp~ jmn s~bbn p- _jmntj tìbw`n k`t dap` dj~k tbd` gtbi ~k` obtm`t bg ~k` d`n jmn

sal`n l~ bm-

‑\bp hblmh ~b h`~ p! L“i ajmmlmh bm ijflmh |bp j al~~a` ibt` gìlmlm` ~bnj|! alf`

apoflmh |bpt `|`dtbxs jmn h`m`tjaa| h`~~lmh tln bg |bpt pmxjm~`n kjlt-’ _jmntj k`jn`n bp~ bg

~k` d`ntbbi jmn jotbss ~k` obttlnbt ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi-

_k` obpan k`jt ~k` tpmmlmh bg xj~`t-

‑Bf kpm-’ _k` sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~! htjdd`n k`t ht``m dj~k tbd` gtbi ~k` obtm`t bg ~k` d`n

jmn sal`n l~ bm- _k` gbaabx`n _jmntj jotbss ~k` jssjh`xj| ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi! xk`m pbm

`m~`tlmh sk` oabs`n ~k` nbbt jmn sj~ bm ~k` sln` bg ~k` dj~k-

_jmntj ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn sjx k`t sl~~lmh bm ~k` `nh` bg ~k` dj~k- _jmntj ~ptm`n djof jmn

~bbf bp~ gtbi ~k` opdbjtn j jlt bg ~x`ù`ts! ~k`m sk` ~ptm`n ~b gjo` k`t jmn sjln! ’Abbf p j~

i` jmn oabs` |bpt `|`s kpm-’

_k` oabs`n k`t `|`s jmn abbf`n p j~ _jmntj xkla` sk` s~jt~`n ~b tìbw` ~k` pmxjm~`n

kjlt gtbi k`t `|`dtbxs-

Jg~`t j skbt~ `tlbn bg skjt slf`s bg jlm! gtbi _jmntj paalmh jmn skjlmh ~k` dtbxs!

sk` s~b`n jmn sjln! ‑B`m |bpt `|`s jmn abbf-’

_k` b`m`n k`t `|`s jmn sjx j ilttbt lm gtbm~ bg k`t gjo` skbxlmh ~k` m`x skj` jmn

s~|a` bg k`t `|`dtbxs- _k` sila`n js k`t `|`s jo~pjaa| abbf`n gìlmlm` tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` i`ss

~k`| kjn d``m-

_jmntj s~bb`n! okòf`n ~k` ~ì`tj~pt` bg ~k` xj~`t xl~k k`t kjmn ~ptmlmh ~k` oban ~j

bgg- _jmntj ~ptm`n djof ~b ~k` opdbjtn jmn ~bbf gtbi ~k` ~b bg ~k` opdbjtn jdbw` ~k` slmf jm

lmo`ms` s~lof! xklok sk` al~ jmn ajo`n lm j kban`t bm ~k` ~bla`~ ols~`tm- _jmntj okòf`n ~k` xj~`t

jhjlm jmn ~ptm`n ~k` kb~ ~j bgg! pm~l`n ~k` dà~ xklok kàn k`t dj~ktbd` oabs`n! l~ sal`n ~b ~k`

htbpmn jmn sk` oalid`n lm~b ~k` dj~k- ‑\bp h`~~lmh lm k`t`2’

‑\`jk-’ _k` pm~l`n k`t dj~ktbd` jmn l~ eblm`n _jmntj“s bm ~k` gabbt- _k` oalid`n lm jmn

sj~ d`~x``m _jmntj“s a`hs- ^k` dj~k xjs spttlslmh dlhh`t ~kjm l~ abbf`n s~bbn abbflmh nbxm j~l~- Db~k bg ~kì kjn ~k`lt a`hs bp~s~t`~ok`n- _jmntj xtj`n k`t jtis jtbpmn k`t xjls~ jmn

mldda`n k`t `jt- _k` sila`n jmn t`jok`n d`klmn k`t jmn s`m~ k`t kjmn nbxm-



88

Jg~`t ~x`m~| ilmp~`s sl~~lmh lm ~k` dj~k `meb|lmh `jok b~k`t“s obijm|! _jmntj jmn k`t

k`jtn j dlf` `mhlm` s~jt~ ~k`m jg~`t l~ t`ww`n klhk ~k`| k`jtn j abpn oapmf jmn ~k` `mhlm` nl`n-

‑Bk otj! ~kj~ nbm“~ sbpmn hbbn’ sjln _jmntj- ‑L xbmn`t xkbs` dlf` ~kj~ xjs2’

‑Dabbn| ~klmh-’ ^k`| k`jtn ~ktbphk ~k` b`m dj~ktbbi xlmnbx-

Db~k bg ~kì sjln ‑Jds!’ lm jmsx`t ~b _jmntj“s zp`s~lbm-

%%%%%

Jg~`t jdbp~ jm kbpt bg tàj{lmh lm j kb~ dj~k _jmntj hb~ bp~! ~bbf j obpa` bg ~bxàs gtbi

~k` jltlmh opdbjtn jmn xtj`n bm` jtbpmn k`t p`t dbn|- _k` a`g~ ~k` sòbmn bm` bm ~k`

oabs`n ~bla`~- Jg~`t _jmntj kjn hb~ bp~! sk` kjn ibw`n djof sb sk` xjs a`jmlmh jhjlms~ ~k`

sab`n `mn bg ~k` dj~k- _k` xjs s~laa silalmh! l~ mb~ kjwlmh okjmh`n slmo` _jmntj kjn glmlsk`n

k`t `|`dtbxs- _jmntj b`m`n ~k` opdbjtn nbbt! tìbwlmh k`t skjwlmh s~pgg jmn sjln xk`m sk`

xjs jhjlm gjolmh k`t! ‑Xbpan |bp alg~ |bpt a`g~ a`h jmn p~ l~ bm ~k` `nh` bg ~k` dj~k a`js`-’

’Bf-’ _k` nln js sk` kjn d``m ~ban ~b- _jmntj ~k`m s`m~ ~k` m`{~ kjag kbpt skjwlmh k`t

a`hs! jtis jmn k`t tlwj~` jt`js- Xk`m _jmntj kjn s~bbn p jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k` jt`j jtbpmn k`t

htblm! sk` hb~ bp~! j~~`n k`tsàg nbxm jmn p~ k`t dj~ktbd` bm- _k` k`jn`n lm~b ~k` d`ntbbi!

jmn obaaò~`n k`t xjsk)fl~ gtbi ~k` ~b bg ~k` nt`ss`t- _k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` dj~k tbbi! jmn sjx

_jmntj! eps~ ~blmh kjlts js ~k`| j`jt`n- _k` tjm j xjsklmh dbxa gpaa bg xj~`t jmn skjw`nk`t gjo` w`t| oabs`-

L~ xjs jdbp~ :?-33DM xk`m ~k` jlt xjaf`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi nt`ss`n jmn t`jn| gbt

skblmh! bma| ~b kjw` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt saji b`m! jmn jm jmmb|`n Jds s~bti lm gtbi ~k`

ntlw`xj|- ^k` alwlmh tbbi l~sàg xjs lm j s~j~` xklok Sjpa xjs sbt~lmh bp~ sabxa|-

‑Xkj~ kj`m`n k`t`2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Sjpa!’ tàl`n ^lmj xkb xjs sj~ j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt-

‑Jtk-’_k` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j- ‑Obgg``! abw`2’

‑Mb ~kjmfs- L“aa nb ps db~k j okjl!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` gbaabx`n k`t lm~b ~k` jt`j jmn

skbb`n k`t bp~-

‑Bk! ~kjmfs-’ _k` xjs x`jtlmh j skbof`n `{t`sslbm bm k`t gjo`- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n gbt ~k`

ijm~a` lò` jmn ~bbf k`t SNP bgg okjth`! bx`tlmh l~ p-

Jds xjs s~bbn bw`t ~k` slmf xjsklmh k`t kjmns- ‑Abbfs alf` L“i mb~ hblmh skblmh

~bnj|*’

‑Bk xk| mb~2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` abbf`n p gtbi sl~~lmh bm ~k` sbgj- _k` ~j`n ~k`

M`~Wl`x`t jmn jg~`t l~ kjn abjn`n jmn nlsaj|`n k`t n`slhm`n DajofM`~ kbi` jh`! xk`t` sk`



abbf`n j~ k`t DajofM`~ lmdb{ xklok xjs ~k` ~b l~ì bm ~k` jh` pmn`t ~k` ~l~a`s-

‑I| dlf`“s ~lilmh okjlm oji` abbs` jmn kjs hb~~`m abnh`n lm ~k` oji ojslmh-’

‑Xjs ~kj~ ~k` oapmf x` k`jtn `jtal`t2’ jsf`n _jmntj xklas~ xjl~lmh gbt ~k` ilaf ~b k`j~

p bm ~k` obbf`t-

‑\`s l~ xjs!’ tàl`n Jds w`t| jmhtla|-

‑Kpm!’ tàl`n ^lmj- ‑\bp“t` tlnlmh laalbm xl~k i`- X` ojm h`~ |bpt dlf` gl{`n aj~`t bt

~bibttbx-’

_k` abbf`n p sj|lmh jg~`t s``lmh j obpa` bg m`x i`ssjh`s! dp~ ~k`| x`t`m“~ gtbi `l~k`t

Epi bt Xbmh- ‑L“aa hlw` |bp j kjmn xl~k l~- L“i t`~~| hbbn xl~k àò~tbmlo jmn iòkjmloja

~klmhs! `sòljaa| sòptl~| s|s~ìs-’ _k` kjn j sila` bm k`t gjo` js sk` b`m`n ~k` ~b bm` jmn

oalof`n ~k` almf ~kj~ s`m~ k`t ~b \bpmh^tjms sl~`- _k` b`m`n ~k` sl~`“s bxm lmdb{ jmn b`m`n

~k` pmt`jn i`ssjh`! l~ t`jn ‟ ‛Kl! L eps~ k`jtn jdbp~ |bpt `{oàa`m~ m`xs! L kb` ~b s`` |bp bm

~k` so`m` sbbm- Ilf`-“

Db~k ^lmj jmn Jds abbf`n j~ Mlds jmn sjln slipa~jm`bpsa|! ‑Xkj~2’

‑\`jk! L dt`jf lm~b j `ba`“s kbps`s jmn ~k`m phtjn` ~k` sòptl~| s|s~ì- L xjs

ajmmlmh bm l~k`t hblmh lm~b ~k` gt àjmo` dpslm`ss ~`s~lmh sòptl~| s|s~ìs bt eblmlmh bm` bg

~k` dlh sòptl~| obijml`s xk`m L glmlsk`n obaa`h`-’ _k` ~k`m ~j`n k`t SNP“s s~|aps bm ~k`

dp~~bm xklok xbpan ~jf` k`t ~b ~k` wjtlbps gbtpi dbjtns jg~`t sk` kjn ijn` j mb~ ~b tà| ~b

Ilf`“s ìjla-

‑Kàa |`jk!’ `{oajli`n Jds- ‑X`“w` gbpmn k`t- ^k` bm` `tsbm x` m``n`n lm ~k` ~`ji-’

Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns Sjpa tììd`t`n xkj~ Mlds kjn sjln |`s~`tnj| j~ sokbba- ‑^kj~“s

kbx |bp x`t` jda` ~b tòbhmlu` j tbg`sslbmja ebd bm ~k` oji`tj-’

’\`jk!’ sjln Mlds jmn mbnn`n- ‑\bp nb fmbx ~kj~ ~b d` ~jf`m s`tlbpsa| lm ~k` _~t``~

Hkbs~ xbtan |bp m``n ~b kban gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ alo`mo`s-’

‑\`s!’ tàl`n _jmntj gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m- ‑Js Hjmhtàs xk`m x` ~ptm :; jaa x` kjw` ~b nb

ls jsf jmn bm` bg ~k` jnpa~ iìd`ts ~b sbmsbts ps-’

‑Jaa bg ~k` Wl{`ms fmbx kbx ~b kjmna` ~kìsàw`s lm j glhk~! db~k xl~k jmn xl~kbp~

glt`jtis- X` jt` tbg`sslbmja! xàa ~tjlm`n jmn xàa jti`n- ^k` KF 88 |bp kjn bm Gtbnjt ls

bm` bg bpt s~jmnjtn glt`jtis gbt ibs~ bg bpt obidj~ xbtf-’ Jds obm~lmp`n! ‑X` jasb ps` I44

Jssjpa~ Ojtdlm`s-’

‑Bpt Jssbolj~` _~t``~ Hkbs~ als~lmh sj|s x` jt` jm jaa)hlta ~`ji!’ sjln Sjpa silalmh js ~k`

m`xs-‑Jm jaa)hlta ~`ji2’

‑\`jk! ~k` ~`ji ps`n ~b lmoapn` eps~ i`! dp~ sl{ ibm~ks jhb Hjt| eblm`n ps js j iìd`t!



8<

x` jt` kbmbtjt| hltas- X` db~k kjw` ~b x`jt dj~~a` ijf`p jmn ~t| ~b abbf js gì js bsslda`-

L~“s flmn bg gpm js x` sojt` ibs~ bg ~k` aboja hjmhs xk`m x` jt` bp~ lm gpaa Hb~k dj~~a` nt`ss!’

sjln Sjpa-

‑L d`~ |bp nb!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑^xb dlh kpaflmh hltas! kbx obi` Hjt| bma| eblm`n sl{

ibm~ks jhb2’ sk` t`zp`s~`n xklas~ abbflmh nbxm ~k` ijlm ~blos nlsaj|`n- Mlds sàò~`n bm`

ojaa`n Obtbtj~` Mb)Mbs-

‑Jsf Hjt| ~kj~! Mlds! k` abw`s ~àalmh `ba` xkb jsf-’

‑Bf js abmh js |bpt ~k`t` ~bb kpm-’ _ojmm`n ~ktbphk ~k` als~ bg wjtlbps Mb)Mbs

‑Bf’! tàl`n _jmntj- Js _jmntj s~jt~`n sk` abbf`n p jmn sjx k`t xjaflmh ~bxjtns ~k`

sbgjs ojtt|lmh ~xb ops db~k kjn s~`ji tlslmh gtbi ~kì- ‑_`w`m ibm~ks jhb! ~k` Dajof _mjf`

hjmh gtbi Mbt~k Klaas x`t` okjaa`mh`n ~b j Xjt Ubm` d| ~k` T`n Xlmh hjmh gtbi X`s~`tm

D`òk`s- ^k` Dajof _mjf`s obm~jo~`n ps! ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms jmn ~xb b~k`t Hjmhtà pml~s ~b

spbt~ ~k`lt a`jn`t(s ajm bg j~~jof- T`n Xlmh hb~ xlmn bg ~k` obm~jo~! sbi`kbx! dp~ kjn mb

ln`j xklok Hjmhtà pml~s kjn d``m ìab|`n- ^k` ajm ojaa`n gbt ~k` Wl{`ms ~b ajpmok jm

jssjpa~ bm ~k` o`m~t` ubm` xl~k Hjt|“s jmn ^|dljs Il~~`m“s pml~s ~b bpt a`g~ jmn tlhk~

t`sò~lwà|- ^k` bw`tjaa ajm xjs ~b kjw` ~k` Wl{`ms jmn ~k` b~k`t pml~s“ jssjpa~ glts~ xl~k ~k`

spbt~ bg ~k` Dajof _mjf`s-’

_k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` sbgj jmn sj~ lm xkj~ kjn dòbi` k`t pspja s`j~ ~k` obtm`t bm` m`jt`s~

~k` xjaa jmn nbbt ~b ~k` d`n tbbi obttlnbt- _k` abbf`n ~ktbphk ~k` abmh als~ bg Mb)Mbs jmn j~~k` `mn kjnm“~ gbpmn jm|~klmh bm ~k` sl~pj~lbm d`~x``m L~~sp jmn ~k` ajx glti- ‛ L xbmn`t xk|

mb~-“ _k` ~j`n ~k` bs~ dp~~bm jmn sotldd`n j i`ssjh` ~b ~k` dbjtn jsflmh ls jm|bm` kjn jm|

lmgbtij~lbm bm xkj~ L~~sp xjs p ~b j~ ~k` ibi`m~- ^k` i`ssjh` jasb jsf`n gbt lmgbtij~lbm bm

~k` Ajx Glti jmn ~k` h`m`tja sòptl~| s`~p j~ ~k` obijm|“s bgglo`s-

‑Bm` tbdaì xjs ~kj~ ~k` T`n Xlmhs ~tl`n ~b sòbmn)hp`ss ~k` ajm jmn ajo`n ~k` dpaf

bg ~k`lt gbto`s gjolmh Hjt|“s pml~- ^|dljs dajs~`n ~ktbphk ~k` n`g`mo`s lm tòbtn ~li`- X` x`t`

~jflmh sbi` glt` gtbi ~k` a`g~ jmn obpan s`` ~kj~ Hjt|“s pml~ gjo`n j ab~ bg ~k` n`g`mo`s- X`jsf`n ^|dljs“ pml~ ~b ~ptm a`g~ jmn ib p bpt jssjpa~ ubm` xklok xjs gjaalmh jjt~! xklas~ x`

ibw`n lm spbt~ bg Hjt|“s pml~! xklok x` nln! lm ~k` `mn ~k` obidlm`n jssjpa~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms

obilmh lm bm ~k` gajmf- ^k` glt` djs` Hjt|(s pml~ jmn ~k` spbt~lmh Dajof _mjf`s kjn s`~ p

tbw`n ~b d` ~bb ipok gbt ~k` T`n Xlmhs! xkb t`~t`j~`n- J~ ~k` ~li` ~k` a`jn`t bg ~k` T`n

Xlmhs kjn ~kbphk~ k` kjn abs~ ~k` dj~~a` djna|-’

Sjpa obm~lmp`n jg~`t alhk~lmh j dapm~! ‑L ~klmf Njtaj obm~jo~`n kli j al~~a` xkla` aj~`t jmn

a`~ kli fmbx k` kjn dabbnl`n ~k` Dajof _mjf`s jmn jaibs~ n`s~tb|`n ~b ~k` ajs~ ijm j klhk

tjmf`n D& Jssjpa~ Pml~- X` jt` ~jaflmh Hjt|(s pml~ xjs jaibs~ jm J)tj~`n Hjmhtà pml~- Gtbi

xkj~ Njtaj sjln kls t`jo~lbm ~b ~kls m`xs xjs ibt` skbof jmn spttls` ~kjm jm|~klmh às`- _k`



jasb jnn`n ~kj~ k` skbpanm“~ d` ~bb nlsjblm~`n js mb~ ijm| hjmhs ojm sj| ~k`| sptwlw`n j

ijebt jssjpa~ d| ~kt`` Hjmhtà pml~s xbtflmh lm obmepmo~lbm xl~k spbt~ gbto`s- ^b glmlsk kbx

Hjt| eblm`n ~k` Wl{`ms ) bma| gbpt iìd`ts bg kls pml~ sptwlw`n! jmn ~k`| kjn j ~xàw` ijm

pml~ ~b s~jt~ xl~k- Bm` iìd`t nl`n d`gbt` Njtaj obpan h`~ ~b kli ~b s~jdlalu` kls xbpmns! ~k`

b~k`t ~xb hb~ j~ok`n p dp~ ~k`| a`g~ jo~lw` s`twlo` jmn kjw` mb~ |`~ t`~ptm`n-’

_k` ~k`m b`m`n k`t DajofM`~ ìjla jmn sàò~`n obibs` i`ssjh` jmn s`m~ bm` ~b

Njil`m sj|lmh ~kj~ sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b `m~`t ~k` Dlu xl~k j m`x ~`ji gtbi ~k` klhk sokbba sk`

x`m~ ~b-

’Lm ~k` sokì` bg _~t``~ Hjmh bal~los jmn ibm`|! kltlmh ~xb J)tj~`n Hjmhtà pml~s jmn j

klhk D&)tj~`n bm` xjs j obp gbt ~k` Dajof _mjf`s- Ijebt fpnbs xl~k ~k` aboja Hjmhs!’ jnn`n

Jds-

’J)tj~`n2’ sk` jsf`n-

’\`jk! Hjmhtà pml~s jt` tj~`n joobtnlmh ~b ~k`lt tbg`sslbmjalsi! ~tjlmlmh jmn djslo

`zpli`m~- ^k` Wl{`ms jt` bm` bg ~k` ~b J)tj~`n pml~s- Hjt|“s xjs jmn ^|dljs“ pml~s ls jasb

tj~`n zpl~` klhka| jmn kjw` j hbbn t`p~j~lbm bm ~k` s~t``~s!’ jmsx`t`n Sjpa-

‑I| m`{~ zp`s~lbm ij| sbpmn s~pln! dp~ xk`t` nb ~k` hjmhs dp| x`jbms jmn

`zpli`m~ gtbi2’

‑Ibs~ hjmhs kjw` d``m lm `{ls~`mo` gbt zpl~` j xkla`! jmn j ab~ bg l~ ls nbm` ~ktbphk

g`mo`s bt ~k` Dajof bt Ht`| ijtf`~s! dp~ sbi` hjmhs hb ~b Dj~~a` Ubm` _pal`s lm ~k` Mbt~k bg

~k` ol~|! xklok ls j ijebt jtis spal`t ~b ~k` hjmhs jmn Hkbs~ obiipml~l`s!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑L fmbx jdbp~ Dj~~a` Ubm` _pal`s-’ _k` ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ jdbp~ ibm`|2’

‑Kbx nb hjmhs b`tj~`! dajof ijtf`~! tjmsbis! jmn b~k`t sìl)a`hja ibm`|)ijflmh

sokì`s!’ tàl`n ^lmj! ‑ibs~ ~t| jmn kln` ~k`t` laa`hja jo~lwl~l`s gtbi O`m~tja jmn ~k`lt

lmw`s~lhj~bts xklok lg ~k` tpibpts L“w` k`jtn jt` ~tp` ~k`m l~ skbpan dòbi` j oji` bg oj~ jmn

ibpaupj! xk`t` O`m~tja jmn ~k` Hjmhtàs jt` ~k` oj~s jmn ~k` Hjmhs jt` ~k` ibpaupjl-’

‑Saps ~k` Hjmhtàs ~klmf sbi` hjmhs jt` jasb sbmsbt`n d| ~k` obts!’ sjln Jds! ‑jmn

Hjt| ~klmfs ~k` Jo`s jt` bm` bg ~kbs`-’

‑L ~klmf sbi` hjmh iìd`ts spa| ~k`lt bxm x`jbms nltò~a| gtbi ~k` obtbtj~`

ilal~jt| spa| o`m~t`s!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑_bi` bg ~k` x`jbms x`“w` s``m kjw` d``m ~bb ibn`tm ~b

d` spal`n d| ~k` b~k`t i ~kbns-’

Jg~`t s`mnlmh ~x`m~| ilmp~`s okj~~lmh jmn ajphklmh j~ sbi` bg ~k` dj~~a`s ~kj~ ~k` Dl~ok

Wl{`ms kjn kjn! jmn sbi` bg ~k` ajo`s sk` kjn ‛phtjn`n“-

_jmntj jmn k`t s~bbn p jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` d`ntbbi ~b glmlsk h`~~lmh t`jn|- ^klt~|

ilmp~`s aj~`t ~k` jlt xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi! db~k abbflmh ntb n`jn hbth`bps Hl~ks-@jok xjs x`jtlmh ~k` bbsl~`! xk`t` sk` xbt` dajof! _jmntj xbt` n`` pta`! jmn xk`t`

_jmntj kjn dajof sk` kjn n`` pta`- ^k` ijf`p xjs bm` bg spa~t| ntb n`jn hbth`bps Hl~k



;:

‑X` t`jn| ~k`m2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk x` jt`!’ db~k Jds jmn ^lmj sjln js ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k`lt tbbi-

‑Xk`t` jt` |bp ~kt`` ~jaflmh i` ~k`m2’

‑^k` Kjtalzpjmls _kblmh Ijaa lm _bp~k S`mlmspaj Nls~tlo~! ~k` d`s~ ijaa ~b hb ~b gbt

Hl~klo oab~klmh bp~a`~s jmn ~k` spttbpmnlmh djof s~t``~s kbps` ~k` d`s~ b~k`t sòljals~ bp~a`~s lm

~k` ja~`tmj~lw` alg`s~|a`s- ^k` bma| tbdaì ls ~kj~ l~ jasb kjs s`w`tja gjibps OKI +Obtbtj~`

Kbpslmh Iìd`ts, bp~a`~s k`jwla| ps`n d| ~k` OKI bss`! xklok h`m`tjaa| ijf` gbt sbi`

lm~`t`s~lmh ~li`s- ^kj~“s j hbbn blm~ kbx ipok ibm`| kjw` |bp hb~ ~b aj| xl~k2’ _jmntj

jsf`n-

‑Ojsk! s`w`m~``m kpmnt`n! lm ~k` djmf! gbpt~``m ~kbpsjmn-’ _k` sila`n j al~~a` js sk`

tììd`t`n t`s`jtok xbtf jmn ~k` b~k`t a`ssbms jmn ~klmhs sk` kjn a`jtm~ gtbi Oji`tbm“s

Tjln`ts-

‑Gbpt~``m ~kbpsjmn*’ `{oajli`n Sjpa jmn k` eps~ s~jt`n j~ k`t! ‑Kbx obi`2’

‑_`w`m ~kbpsjmn gbt sbi` t`s`jtok xbtf L“w` nbm` gbt `ba`- Gbpt ~kbpsjmn nòfs gtbi

~k` sòptl~| phtjn`s! jmn ~kt`` ~kbpsjmn gbt i| jaabxjmo`-’

‑Bf! ~kj~“s njim hbbn j| gbt t`s`jtok xbtf!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑^k` t`s`jtok xbtf lmoapn`n glmnlmh lmgbtij~lbm jdbp~ klhk sòptl~| lms~jaaj~lbms jmn

slilajt-’

‑Bf!’ sjln Sjpa-‑Jm|bm` tpmh Njtaj |`~2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Mb~ |`~-’ tàl`n ^lmj js sk` xjaf`n djof lm x`jtlmh k`t a`j~k`t ejof`~- _k` htjdd`n k`t

ibdla` gtbi ~k` ijm~a` lò`! sk` zplof)nljaa`n Njtaj jmn ~ban k`t xk`t` ~k`| x`t` hblmh-

Js ~k` gbpt hltas xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` kbps` jmn nbxm ~k` s~jlts ~b xk`t` ~k` dlf`s x`t`

f`~- Jds“ dlf` xklok xjs lm lò`s ~b bm` sln` bg ~k` ntlw`xj|- _jmntj jmn ^lmj xjaf`n lm~b

~k` hjtjh` jmn xk`à`n ~k`lt dlf`s bp~ lm~b ~k` gt`sk jlt-

‑Mlds |bp ojm ntlw`!’ sjln _jmntj ~b k`t-‑L“i mb~ a`hja ~b ntlw`-’

‑Alf` x` hlw` j skl~!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj js sk` s~bbn ~k` dlf` bm l~s flof s~jmn! ‑^k` Dl~ok

Wl{`ms jaa tln` sb |bp ilhk~ js xàa h`~ ps`n ~b l~ jmn h`~ sbi` tjo~lo` j~ l~-’ ^lmj saln k`t

habw`s bw`t k`t kjmns-

_jmntj sila`n j~ k`t jmn kjmn`n k`t j jlt bg dlf`t habw`s- _k` p~ ~kì bm jmn ga`{`n

k`t glmh`ts jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns _jmntj“s dlf` xklok alf` ^lmj“s xjs bm l~s flof s~jmn-

‑Bf! j~ sbi` blm~ L“i hblmh ~b m``n j dlf` L hp`ss!’ sk` sjln

‑\`jk! L hp`ss sb!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj! sbpmnlmh j dl~ nlsjblm~`n! xklok sk` lof`n p

bm jmn hjw` k`t j zplof flss bm k`t okòf-



Sjpa s~bbn bm ~k` w`tjmnj jmn sjln! ‑_`` |bp hp|s aj~`t-’ K` ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n djof lm~b

~k` kbps` jmn oabs`n ~k` nbbt-

_k` alg~`n k`t a`g~ a`h bw`t ~k` s`j~ ~jflmh ~k` ib~btdlf` bgg l~s flof s~jmn! ~kls d`lmh k`t

sòbmn ~li` bg tlnlmh! sk` djajmo`n ~k` x`lhk~ d`~x``m k`t a`hs- ^k` glts~ ~li` sk` kjn ntlw`m

l~! sk` xjs bm j jt~| klhk! gpàa`n d| ~k` Ojidjt jmn ~k` `m~t| lm~b ~k` ~tp` pmfmbxm xbtan-

Pslmh k`t tlhk~ dbb~ sk` galof`n bp~ ~k` flof s~jt~- _k` ~k`m s~bbn bm l~ jmn psk`n kjtn jhjlms~

~k` t`sls~jmo` lm ~k` s~jt~`t ib~bt- ^k` `mhlm` ojphk~- Js ~k` `mhlm` glt`n lm~b alg` sk` ~xls~`n

~k` ~ktb~~a` xklok g`n ibt` gpà lm~b ~k` jlt s~t`ji! t`ww`n ~k` `mhlm` ~b ijf` spt` l~ kjn

s~jt~`n- Xk`m ~k` dlf` `mhlm` kjn s`~~a`n lm~b j ptt _jmntj kjmn`n k`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm

s|s~ì- Xklok sk` ajo`n ~k` `jt lò` lm k`t `jt jmn xtj`n ~k` ilotbkbm` djmn jtbpmn k`t

mòf! ijflmh spt` l~ xjs t`s~lmh jhjlms~ k`t wblo` db{- ‑^`s~lmh! bm`! ~xb! ~kt``-’ oji` bw`t

~k` `jtlò`-

‑@w`t|bm` k`jt ~kj~2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk!’ oji` ~k` t`sbms` gtbi ~k` ~kt`` hltas-

^lmj s~tjnna`n k`t dlf` ~k`m alf` k`t! sajii`n ~k` flof s~jt~ nbxm jmn s~jt~`n k`t dlf`-

Jds oalid`n d`klmn ^lmj- _jmntj eblm`n k`t bm k`t dlf`- ^k` ~xb dlf`s“ `mhlm`s t`ww`n lm

pmlsbm! jmn db~k ntlw`ts sàò~`n glts~ h`jt! tà`js`n ~k` oap~ok jmn paa`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| jxj|

gtbi ~k` pmn`t)kbps` hjtjh`! ~k` `mhlm` sbpmns òkblmh bgg ~k` xbbn`m oajn xjaas bg ~k` kbps`

jmn spttbpmnlmh kbps`s- ^k`| ~ptm`n a`g~ lm~b ~k` ilmbt s~t``~ ~kj~ tjm lm gtbm~ bg Sjpa“s jmn

_jmntj“s kbps`- ^kls d`lmh ~k` sòbmn ~li` lm nj|alhk~ jmn mb~ bm j jt~| gpà klhk sk` abbf`n

p jmn nbxm ~k` s~t``~! zpl~` j g`x kbps`s p jmn nbxm ~k` s~t``~ abbf`n js lg ~k`| x`t`

n`tàlo~- _k` obpan s`` ~kj~ `ba` s~laa alw`n lm ~kì gtbi ~k` xjsklmh alm`s bt ojts! dlf`s jmn

flns“ ~b|s ~kj~ sj~ lm gtbm~ hjtn`ms- Kbi` Djs` jmn ~k` bm` bbsl~` x`t` ~k` bma| bm`s ~kj~ s~laa

kjn jaa ~k` xlmnbxs jmn x`t` jlm~`n- Ibs~ bg ~k` kbps`s kjn j~ a`js~ bm` xlmnbx dtbf`m! bt

ibs~ bg ~k` gtbm~ xlmnbxs dbjtn`n p! jg~`t d`lmh dtbf`m d| wjmnjas bt aboja s~t``~ hjmhs-

_jmntj“s wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì- ‑Ibs~ bg ~k` kbps`s bm db~k sln`s

jt` ps`n d| ntph ps`ts bt n`ja`ts js szpj~s bt pa~tj)abx lmobi` gjilal`s!’ _jmntj sjln ~b k`t js

sk` abbf`n jtbpmn j~ ~k` tpm)nbxm s~j~` bg ~k` m`lhkdbptkbbn-

‑Obtbtj~` bal~los jmn tbgl~ ijthlms ips~ d` ijlm~jlm`n! L hp`ss!’ sk` t`sbmn`n k`t

gjo` d`lmh bm` bg ‛xkj~ kjw` ~k`| nbm` ~b n`s`tw` ~kls ~|` bg alg`“-

‑Xkj~“s `w`m xbts` ls ibs~ bg ~k` gjilal`s ps`n ~b xbtf gbt ~k` obtbtj~lbms d`gbt` ebd

op~djofs! bt ~k`| hb~ ~bb ban ~b d` òbmbiloja ~b t`~tjlm lm ~k` m`x xj|s bg nblmh dpslm`ss!’

sjln ^lmj lm t`sbms` ~b k`t s~j~ì`m~-

‑^k` ibt` L s`` bg ~kls sln` bg ol~| alg`! ~k` ibt` L kj~` ~k` obtbtj~lbms jmn ~k` ibt` Lxjm~ ~b h`~ `w`m sbi`kbx-’

‑_mj!’ sjln _jmntj-



;?

_j~ bp~sln` ~k` kbps` bm ~k` tlhk~ kjmn sln` d`klmn ~k` kbps`s bm ~k` ijlm tbjn x`t`

~kt`` h`m~s! jaa abbflmh klhk bm sbi`~klmh- ^k` gtbm~ nbbt sajii`n b`m jmn bp~ s~jhh`t`n j

gìja`! abbflmh js lg sk` xjs bm ~k` psln` bg j klhk! js sk` sapi`n nbxm bm ~k` s~`s ~kj~ a`n

~b ~k` kbps`! kj| jmn obm~`m~`n-

‑Xkj~ h`~s n`ja~ lm ~k`t`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb ln`j!’ jmsx`t`n Jds-

Js ~k` dlf`s sabx`n jmn lmnloj~`n a`g~ j~ ~k` epmo~lbm ~b k`jn gbt ~k` s~jt~ bg LO8! ~k` gbpt

hltas sjx j ~kt``)~tjla`t tbjn ~tjlm ntlwlmh ~bxjtns ~k`m obilmh gtbi ~k` nltò~lbm bg LO8- ^k`

~tpof ntlw`t paa`n ~k` kbtm jmn s~pof kls gls~ bp~ bg ~k` xlmnbx lm sjap~` xk`m k` sjx ~k` hltas

jmn ~k` dlf`s- ^lmj! oabsà| gbaabx`n d| k`t! t`ss`n ~k` dp~~bms ~kj~ sbpmn`n ~k` dlf` kbtms!

t`~ptmlmh ~k` sjap~` pm~la ~k` ~tjo~bt kjn jss`n ~kì- Jg~`t ~k` ajs~ ~tjla`t jss`n! ^lmj xjs ~k`

glts~ ~b jooà`tj~` ~b otbss ~k` tbjn! sk` gbaabx`n jmn jooà`tj~`n nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn-

%%%%%

Js sk` gbaabx`n ^lmj nbxm ~k` tbjn! k`t `|`s x`t` hajmolmh jtbpmn ~jflmh ~klmhs lm! k`t

litbw`n wlslbm s``lmh ~k` al~~a` ~klmhs ~kj~ ijn` ~k` m`lhkdbptkbbn ~lof- Js ~k`| jss`n bm`

obtm`t sk` sjx bm` Jeujtljm h`m~ spd~a`~| kjmnlmh j jofjh` ~b j gìja` gtbi N``dlmj- _k`

jasb mb~lo`n ~k` s~j~` bg ~k` kbps`s! jjt~i`m~s jmn ~`mì`m~ dabofs- _k` fm`x j ab~ bg ~k` tbdaìs x`t` nbxm ~b ~k` obtbtj~lbms“ obm~tba bg ~k` xbtan hbw`tmi`m~ jmn ~k` wjtlbps

obpm~t| hbw`tmi`m~s- _k` sjx ~kj~ db~k sln`s bg ~k` s~t``~ x`t` alm`n xl~k tpm)nbxm jjt~i`m~

obia`{`s! sijaa nlsps`n s~bt`s! jmn n`tàlo~ ~bxm kbps`s- Ibs~ x`t` `l~k`t dptm~ bp~ bt kjn

~k` htbpmn jmn glts~ gabbts xlmnbxs dtbf`m jmn bt ~k`| kjn d``m obia`~à| tìbw`n- Bma| j

g`x sijaa obmw`ml`mo` s~bt`s x`t` s~laa b`m jmn `w`m ~k`s` kjn sbi` gbti bg sot``mlmh gbt ~k`

xlmnbxs- J obpa` bg abx)O)tjmf`n Ilml ijaas jasb tjm ~k` mbtija 47kt s`twlo`- _k` sjx ~kj~

s~bbn oabs` ~b ~k` nbbt lm bm` xjs j sòptl~| `tsbm! tbdjda| ìab|`n jmn ~tjlm`n d| ~kòbtbtj~lbm bxmlmh ~k` s~bt`- ^k` s~t``~ alg` xjs bm` bg sptwlwja ibt` ~kjm jm|~klmh! jmn ~tjsk

tò|oalmh bg ~k` obtbtj~` `moajw`s ~kj~ nb~~`n ~k` jt`j-

^k` ~xb ib~bt)dlf`s ~tjwàa`n nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` s~jt~ bg LO8! ~k`| ntbw`

js~ ~xb bg ~k` d`s~ fmbxm sl~`s lm _bp~k O`m~tja6 _bp~k O`m~tja Gt ` Glt`! jm jt`j xk`t` ~k`

aboja jmn obtbtj~` sòptl~| gbto`s nbm“~ hb pma`ss ~k`| kjw` ijsslw` djofp- ^k` b~k`t xjs

Nljdjaaldb ^òk Obtbtj~` @moajw`- ^k` `m~lt` `moajw` xjs spttbpmn`n d| j ~`m)gbb~ klhk xjaa

~b`n xl~k ojt~ja tjubt xlt` jmn obw`t`n 7<:!>:4szpjt` i`~t`s- Js sk` abbf`n jtbpmn sk`

mb~lo`n ~k` oji`tj bm ~k` ~b bg ~k` xjaa! m`jt ~k` obtm`t bg ~k` xjaa! ~tjof`n ~kì js ~k`|

jtbjok`n jmn js ~k`| jss`n l~ f`~ ~kì lm slhk~- Jdbp~ :33 |jtns gtbi ~k` obtm`t xjs j



;0

ajmn jmn jooà`tj~`n! ~k`| db~k x`t` ~tjwàalmh j~ oabs` ~b 433fk jmn ga`x jss ojts! ~tpofs-

B~k`t dlf`ts oji` bm~b ~k` LO8 jmn ibs~ lg ~k`| obpan t`jok ~k` s``n ~k` jlt xjs nblmh x`t`

ntlwlmh xl~k ~k` gbpt hltas-

Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh 43 flabi`~t`s ~k`| jtbjok`n ~k` dtlnh` ~kj~ obmmò~`n ~k` _bp~k Nbofs

xl~k X`s~`tm Nbofs Nls~tlo~s! ^k`| sjx j slhm ~kj~ sjln ~k` ‛Dtlnh` Oabs`n ) ijebt lmoln`m~“-

^k` nlw`tslbm slhms blm~`n ~b ~k` bgg tji jmn ~k`| blm~`n gpt~k`t p tlw`t! alfà| xbpan a`jn

~kì ~b ~k` m`{~ dtlnh` xklok xjs j ijlm tbjn! mb~ jm LO- ^k` dlf`s sabx`n ~b obi` bgg ~k` LO

sk` lmnloj~`n ~b ~ptm tlhk~ jmn gbaabx ~k` nlw`tslbm slhms- _jmntj sjln bw`t ~k` obii- s|s~ì!

‑^ptm a`g~ k`t` Mlds! ps` ~k` nlsps`n ~pmmàs! l~s zplof`t jmn `jsl`t-’

‑Xkj~! ~k` spd)tjla ~pmmà ~kj~ xjs oabs`n gbt~| |`jts jhb np` ~b xj~`t s``jh`2’

‑\`jk! jmn ~k` s~bt| jdbp~ xj~`t s``jh` ls dbaabofs! mb xj~`t kjs `w`t s```n lm~b ~k`

~pmmà s|s~ì- Gtbi xkj~ ~k` Hjmhtàs jmn b~k`t `ba` lm ~k` fmbx! l~ xjs obs~lmh ~bb ipok

~b ijlm~jlm ~k` ~pmmàs ~b ~k` a`wà bg sjg`~| ~k` Xbtan Hbw`tmi`m~ xjm~`n- _b ~b sjw` ibm`|

~k`| oabs`n ~kì! ~k` iba` `ba` mbx ps` ~k` `m~lt` m`~xbtf bg ~pmmàs! ~k` ban spdsptgjo`

jt`js! s`x`ts jmn ban ~pmmàs ~b alw` lm-’

_k` okjmh`n ~k` lmnloj~bt jmn gbaabx`n ^lmj js sk` ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn k`jn`n p ~k` ijlm

tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` objs~ jmn @js~ _~`wtjm Nls~tlo~! js ~k` dlf`s kjn sabx`n jmn paa`n bgg ~k` glw`

b~k`t dlf`ts k`jn`n tlhk~ jmn gbaabx`n ~k` nlw`tslbm slhms- ^k` ~xb dlf`s ~tjwàa`n nbxm ~k`

ijlm tbjn pm~la ^lmj lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn eblm`n j sòbmnjt| tbjn ~kj~ tjm ~ktbphk j alhk~lmnps~t| lmnps~tlja jtf- Jg~`t j obpa` bg ila`s ~k` tbjn `{l~`n ~k` alhk~ lmnps~tlja jtf jmn

ntbw` ~ktbphk jm jt`j bg xjs~àjmn- _k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx ~k` ~àa)~ja` slhms bg dj~~a`s

d`~x` m wjtlbps gbto s- ^k` xjs~àjmn jt`j xjs obw`t`n lm dptm~ bp~ xtòfs! dpaa`~ tlnn`m

w`kloa`s jmn ib~bt)dlf`s- ^k`| sbbm jtbjok`n ~k` g`molmh ~kj~ ijtf`n ~k` ajmn jt`j

dàbmhlmh ban _~bti jmn gabbn ntjlms bg ~k` Tlw`t _~`wtjm- k` s~bti jmn gabbn ntjlms x`t`

mbx nlsps`n js ~k` tlw`t xjs ijmjh`n ps~t`ji bm ~k` `nh` bg ~k` Abx Djof Gbb~klaas- _k`

xjs jhjlm hajmolmh jtbpmn js ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` tbjn x`t` ~k` djofs bg abx lmobi`jjt~i`m~s jmn szpj~s! il{`n lm xl~k sijaa alhk~ lmnps~tlja pml~s! sbi` x`t` b`m jmn b~k`t

abbf`n oabs`n dp~ ~k`| kjn alhk~s bm lmsln`- ^k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` g`mo` sk` sjx la`s bg kpijm)

npi`n tpddlsk jmn ~k` bnn 40)hjaabm ntpi ibs~ kjn ajdàs ~kj~ kjn gjn`n bt kjn d``m

tìbw`n nàld`tj~à|-

Js ~k` g`mo` obm~lmp`n ~k` hltas oji` pbm jm pmabof`n hj~`! d`lmh kàn salhk~a| b`m`n!

d| la s bg jaa`~s jmn j obpa` bg s ja`n ntpis- k` `m~tjmo xjs mb~ xln` mbphk ~b jaabx

dlf`s ~b ntlw` ~ktbphk j~ s` n! jmn sb db~k dlf s sabx`n! m`hb~lj~`n ~k` b`mlmh jmn obm~lmp`n

gbt j skbt~ xj| j~ ~k` sji` k`lhk~ js ~k` tbjn xj|- ^k`| ~k`m oji` pbm j nbxm)tji ~kj~

xbpan a`jn ~kì nbxm ~b ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` _~bti Ntjlm-



;8

‑Jtk!’ sk` sjln lm t`sbms`- ‑Kbx nb ~k`| sptwlw` ~kbphk! L sjx obip~`ts! ^Ws jmn

alhk~s2’

‑^kj~ s~pgg ls `js| ~b h`~! j~ok ~k` ijlm ojda` jmn dlmhb! bx`t jmn ojda` ^à`"M`~

joo`ss- L~ ls tpibpt`n ~kj~ j obpa` bg ~k` dlhh`t obts tbwln` gbbn skli`m~s gbt ~k` `ba`!

l~“s mb~ obmglti`n bt n`ml`n!’ sjln _jmntj-

_k` fm`x xklok obtbtj~lbms xbpan nb ~kj~! ~k` bm`s almf`n ~b @okb ^òk Lmo- ~k`| kjn

~k` t`p~j~lbm ~kj~ ~k`| ojt`n gbt ~k` `ba` xkb xbtf`n gbt ~kì jmn ~k` `jtal`t obmw`tsj~lbms

xl~k _jmntj jmn ^lijps! ~b k`t i`jm~ ~kj~ l~ kjn ~b d` @okb ^òk Lmo- _k` jasb tììd`t`n

xkj~ Ilmhp kjn sjln xk`m Mlof xjs ~`m! ‛~kj~ jaa ~k` JJJ obtbtj~lbms kjw` nlt~| kjmns

`{o`~ J^@O jmn @okb ^òkmbabh| Lmobtbtj~`n xkbs`“ kjmns x`t` nlt~| ~ktbphk oa`jmlmh p

~k` b~k`t obtbtj~lbms“ i`ss`s-“ _lmo` ~kj~ ~li` sk` kjn nbm` j ab~ t`s`jtok lm~b ~k` dlh glg~``m

I`hjObtbtj~lbms jmn gbpmn ~kj~ ~k` t`p~j~lbm @okb ^òk Lmo jmn obijml`s kjn xjs ~tp`-

@okb ^òk Lmo! jaa ~k` obijml`s pmn`t l~ jmn J^@O jmn l~s gjila| bg obijml`s b`tj~`n js

mbm)tbgl~ obijml`s! jaa ~k`lt tbgl~s hb~ g`n lm~b wjtlbps ^tps~ Gpmns jmn l~ xjs wlj ~kì ~kj~

~k` obijml`s kà`n ~k` nbxm~tbnn`m jmn ~kbs` mb~ ìab|`n d| ~kì-

Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh! zpl~` sabxa|! gbt jdbp~ ~kt`` zpjt~`ts bg j ila` _jmntj sjln! ‑D` xjtm`n

kpm! d` t`jn| ~b gbaabx ^lmj lg sk` jooà`tj~`s- X` jt` w`t| oabs` ~b jm jt`j bg ~k` ~pmmàs ~kj~

g`x `ba` hb ~kbphk wbapm~jtla|- ^k` lmkjdl~jm~s jt` j ab~ ibt` t`jn| jmn xlaalmh ~b flaa |bp

gbt abbflmh j~ ~kì lm ~k` xtbmh xj|! jasb als~`m gbt ilm` bt Jds skbp~ ~b ibw`- A`~ i` glhk~ djof! |bp obmo`m~tj~` bm ntlwlmh-’

‑Bf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n js sk` dtbphk~ k`t obmo`m~tj~lbm ~b ij{ jmn s~jt~`n ~b gla~`t mbls`s

jmn slhk~s-

‑Lg l~ nb`s obi` nbxm ~b kjwlmh ~b jooà`tj~`! kban bm ~b ~k` s`j~ s~tj- Lg L kjnm“~ fmbxm

sòptl~| s|s~ìs sb xàa L xbpan w`t| alfà| d` j tbg`sslbmja o|oa` sotjida`t! xk`m L xjs

alwlmh lm M`)P)Djt L s`m~ ~k` spii`t xl~k j obpa` bg gtl`mns! o|oa` sotjidalmh lm sbi`

bw`thtbxm xbbns-’

‑Bf-’ _jmntj sòt`~a| sila`n ~b k`tsàg lm ~kjmfs ~kj~ Mlds obpan kjmna` j dlf`! `w`m lg l~

xjs j psk dlf`! jmn ~kls xjsm“~ k`t glts~ ~li` bg d`lmh lm j sl~pj~lbm ~kj~ ij| xjttjm~ sbi`

njmh`tbps ntlwlmh-

Jds“ wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obii- s|s~ì! ‑H`~ t`jn|-’

‑Bf!’ Mlds tàl`n-

Js ~k` hltas ntbw` jabmh ~k` ~pmmà ~k`| jtbjok`n j sò~lbm bg ~pmmà ~kj~ kjn b`mlmhs

lm ~k` xjaa xklok a`n ~b tbphk k`xm okjid`ts- ^k` xjaas bg ~k` okjid`ts x`t` djt` tbof! sbi`



kjn alhk~s! b~k`ts mb~- K`t litbw`n s`ms`s flof`n lm! jmn js sk` gbaabx`n ^lmj nbxm ~k`

ilnna` bg ~k` ~pmmà! sk` obpan s`` Jds kjn k`t ls~ba lm k`t kjmns! jmn sk` s`ms`n _jmntj jasb

kjn k`t ls~ba bp~ jmn obof`n- Jds k`jn jabmh xl~k ^lmj“s obms~jm~a| ibwlmh abbflmh lm~b

jaobw`s jmn njtf`m`n jt`js- _k` xjs jasb abbflmh6 k`t litbw`n wlslbm `m`~tj~lmh sbi` bg ~k`

njtf`t jaobw`s jmn jt`js! lm ~k`s` sk` sjx ~``mjh`ts jmn |bpmh jnpa~s mb~ ibwlmh dp~ l~ abbf`n

alf` ibs~ bg ~kì x`t` ojtt|lmh sbi` gbti bg oabs` obidj~ x`jbm bt glt`)jti- Lm ~k` djof bg

bm` jaobw` sk` sjx ~kt`` `ba` otbss jm `m~tjmo` ~b j ~pmmà ~kj~ tjm d`klmn ~k` jaobw`! lm

ilal~jt| s~|a`! ~k`| jaa ojttl`n ~k`lt x`jbms lm j~tba bsl~lbm-

Jg~`t :03)bnn i`~t`s! ~k`| `{l~`n ~k` jt`j jmn x`t` bmo` jhjlm djof lm ibt` mbtija)

abbflmh ~pmmàs alm`n xl~k obmot`~`- Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh jdbp~ j ila`! ~k` hltas oji` pbm jmb~k`t

s~j~lbm)s~|a` ajo` ipok ajth`t ~kjm ~k` bm` sbp~k bg ~k` tlw`t- Gtbi ~k` aj|bp~ jmn nltò~lbm bg

~k` ~pmmàs ~kj~ `{l~`n ~k` s~j~lbm! l~ abbf`n alf` l~ kjn d``m j ijebt epmo~lbm- B~k`t ~kjm ~kj~ l~

xjs w`t| slilajt ~b ~k` bm` sbp~k bg ~k` tlw`t lm ~kj~ l~ kjn ab~s bg `ba`! kbi`s! jmn oklant`m

alwlmh ~k`t`-

‑Mb~ gjt mbx!’ sjln _jmntj lm k`t `jt-

‑^kjmfs kpm-’

Jg~`t j skbt~ nls~jmo` ^lmj ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn jooà`tj~`n p j ~pmmà slilajt ~b ~k` bm` ~k`|

kjn ps`n ~b `m~`t ~k` ~pmmàs! sbp~k bg ~k` tlw`t- L~ xjs nph bp~ bg tbof jmn skbt`n p d| ~k`

~tjlm ~tjof jmn ~lid`t skbtlmh- J~ ~k` ~b! ^lmj jsf`n bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑Xklok

xj|2’

‑Tlhk~!’ sjln _jmntj lm tà| ~b ^lmj“s zp`s~lbm-

‑Tlhk~ l~ ls!’ tàl`n ^lmj

_k` sjx ~k` sabx)ibwlmh ~tjgglo k`jnlmh gbt LO8! jmn gbaabx`n ^lmj lm ~ptmlmh tlhk~-

Db~k dlf`s k`jn`n nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ tjm d`sln` ban k`jw| lmnps~tlja sl~`s! jmn ~k` ban

_~`wtjm kjtdbpt- Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh jdbp~ ila` jmn j kjag! ~k` jlt jss`n j slhm lmnloj~lmh ~k`|

x`t` `m~`tlmh ‛X`s~ Nbofs Nls~tlo~ ) ~k` ~kltn ajth`s~ skllmh ~`tilmja lm ~k` xbtan-“ L~ xjs

`s~lij~`n ~kj~ ~k` glw` dlh skllmh obijml`s jabm` kjmna`n pxjtns bg 733 ilaalbm obm~jlm`ts

`jok `t zpjt~`t ~ktbphk ~k` ~`tilmja- J sijaa`t s`jtj~` slhm d`m`j~k ~k` ajth` ijlm slhm sjln

‛ojt`gpa k`jw| obm~jlm`ts ibwlmh “- ^k` ijlm tbjn ~k` hltas x`t` ~tjwàalmh bm kjn g`molmh bm

db~k sln`s! jmn j~ t`hpajt lm~`twjas x t` oabs`n hj~`s- _`msbts aboj~ n bm ~jaa ba`s obm~tbaa`n

~k` b`mlmh jmn oabslmh bg ~k` hj~`s- Db~k dlf`s sabx`n js j ~`tilmja ~tjo~bt ~bxlmh j obm~jlm`t

otbss`n ~k` tbjn jk`jn bg ~kì! l~ k`jn`n lm~b bm` bg ~k` abmh ~`ti s~btjh` obibpmns- Bm ~k`

sln` bg ~k` obm~jlm`t xjs j abhb gbt Ilal~jt| Stbnpo~lbm Lmnps~tl`s- Js l~ jss`n ~ktbphk ~k`

tlw`t sln` hj~`! ~k` bm` bbsl~` b`m`n jmn xk`m ~k` ~tjo~bt kjn otbss`n ~k` tbjn jmn kjn`m~`t`n ~k` abmh ~`ti s~btjh` obibpmn ~k` hj~` bm ~k` tlw`t sln` kjn s~jt~`n ~b oabs`- _k` sjx

l~ jasb kjn j njmh`t ) `{abslw`s s~lof`t bm ~k` t`jt nbbt jmn ~k` nbbt oj~ok xjs sòpt`n d| j



;<

_òptl~| Dlmnlmh ^j`- J ~x`m~| i`~`t ~jaa ibdla` hjm~t| otjm` ntb`n ~k` kbls~ sòptlmh

otjna` bm~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` obm~jlm`t-

Jg~`t jdbp~ ~`m ilmp~`s ~k` hltas ~ptm`n ~k` dlf`s mbt~k bm~b j ijlm tbjn ~kj~ xbpan ~jf`

~kì ~b LO? jmn bmxjtns ~bxjtns ~k` Kjtalzpjmls ijaa- ^ktbphk bp~ ~k` tln` sk` kjn d``m! lm

jnnl~lbm ~b s``lmh ~k` nlt~)sln`ts xbtan! abbflmh j~ kbx obijml`s jmn obtbtj~lbms nln ~klmhs-

^kls xjs ~k` glts~ ~li` b~k`t ~kjm ~k` gbb~ t`s`jtok sk` kjn nbm` gbt Njil`m sk` kjn d``m jda`

~b jo~pjaa| jda` ~b s`` ~k` xbtan bp~sln` xkj~ ~k` obtbtj~lbms xjm~`n |bp ~b s``-

_k` mb~lo`n ~kj~ j g`mo` tjm bgg ~k` g`mo` bm db~k sln`s bg ~k` tbjn jmn abbf`n alf` l~

nlwln`n ~k` nbofs lm~b ~xb nls~lmo~ jt`js- _k` sjx p jk`jn xjs j gajsklmh slhm lmnloj~lmh

nlw`tslbm lm b`tj~lbm- Eps~ jk`jn bg ~k` slhm x`t` j hj~`n g`mo` jmn ~k` ijlm tbjn obm~lmplmh

d`|bmn ~k` oabs`n hj~`s- ^k` tbjn jss`n ~xb bgglo` dabofs bxm`n d| [btbm` A~n- k`

sf|sotj`ts x`t` ~xb 73)s~bt`| aps jggjlts dpla~ gtbi obmot`~`! i`~ja jmn hajss- Nlsaj|`n bm

~k` tlhk~ dplanlmh xjs [btbm` A~n“s abhb-

Js sk` gbaabx`n ^lmj jtbpmn ~k` nlw`tslbm! sk` ~kbphk~ ~b k`tsàg! ‛ L m``n ~b nb sbi`

s`tlbps t`s jtok xbtf lm~b ~k` obtbtj~lbms ~kj~ kjw` ~k`lt K`jnzpjt~`ts jmn ijebt o`m~t s lm

~k` ol~|-(

Pbm tèblmlmh ~k` ijlm tbjn! ~k` hltas ~ptm`n mbt~k jmn obm~lmp`n ~b ntlw`- Jg~`t j skbt~

xkla` ~k`| ibw`n gtbi X`s~ Nbofs lm~b ~k` Nls~tlo~ sk` abw`n jmn kj~`n lm `zpja i`jspt`! ~k`

Gbt`lhm Zpjt~`t bt Mbt~k T`jok`s Nls~tlo~- _k` abw`n ~k` nls~tlo~ dòjps` sk` obpan hb jmn d`xl~klm ~k` wjtlbps ajmhpjh`s sk` fm`x jmn jasb lof p ~k` s~jt~s bg m`x bm`s- ^k` kj~` sk` gà~

xjs jhjlms~ ~k` hbw`tmi`m~s bg ~k` obm~tbaalmh obpm~tl`s jmn ~k`lt jmn`tlmh ~b ~k` wjtlbps

I`hjObtbtj~lbms- _k` fm`x j~ ~k` m`{~ àò~lbm sk` xjs hblmh ~b hb jmn wb~` dp~ p~ j otbss

jotbss ~k` djaab~! jmn wbln l~- _k` pmn`ts~bbn ~kj~ ~k` xbtan m``n`n ~b okjmh` ~k` xkba`

àò~btja s|s~ì gtbi s|s~ì ~kj~ jaabx`n ~k` Obtbtj~lbms ~b hlw` ~k` wb~`s ~b xkj~ `w`t jt~|

bt `tsbm ~k`| obm~tbaa`n bt fm`x xbpanm“~ kpt~ ~kì- ^b ~k` s|s~ì sk` ~kbphk~ xjs ps`n lm

@okb Obpm~| jmn bm` `tsbm bm` wb~` ~kls xbpan hlw` ~k` `ba` ~k` okjmo` ~b jo~pjaa| obm~tbaxkb xjs àò~`n jmn hbw`tm`n-

Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh ~ktbphk Mbt~k T`jok`s Nls~tlo~ ~k`| ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn k`jn`n gbt LO?-

%%%%%

Js ~k` hltas jtbjok`n ~k` bm)tji bg LO?! ~k`| kjn ~b sabx! js jmb~k`t kban)p xjs

jggò~lmh ~k` bm tji gbt ~k` LO- Js sk` m`hb~lj~`n ~k` sabx ibwlmh w`kloa`s! sk` k`jtn _jmntj

tlmh Njtaj- Js ~k` dlf` xjs ibwlmh tàj~lwà| sabxa|! sk` k`jtn _jmntj ~àa Njtaj jdbp~ ~k` kban

p jmn ~k` @^J bg ~kì j~ ~k` ijaa `m~tjmo`- Jg~`t s`mnlmh gbt~| ilmp~`s lm ~k` hb)sabx ~k`|



jss`n ~k` kban)p! j glw`)~tjla t tbjn ~tjlm kjn ejof)fmlg`n jmn xjs daboflmh db~k sln`s bg ~k`

LO- LO ~tbb`ts! aboja balo` jmn t`sop` x`t` lm j~~`mnjmo` sabxa| oa`jtlmh ~k` djofabh bg

~tjgglo- Xk`m ~k` hltas kjn oa`jt`n ~k` ~tjgglo eji! _jmntj tjmh Njtaj gbt j sòbmn ~li` jmn hjw`

jm pnj~` ~b ~k`lt @^J j~ ~k` Ijaa-

LO? kjn d``m obms~tpo~`n ~b lmoapn` xjaas ~kj~ dabof`n ibs~ bg ~k` wl`x ojts jmn ib~bt)

dlf`s obpan s `- Lm ajo`s ~k` LO s n jabmh ~k` htbpmn dp~ ibt` bg~`m l~ xjs ~`m aps i`~t`s p

spbt~`n bm obmot`~` laajts- ^k` dlf` s`n js~`n ijm| Obtbtj~` `moajw`s! ijm| bg ~kì

kbpslmh ipa~la` sijaa`t obtbtj~lbms lm tàj~lw` `jo`- ^xb bg ~k` ajth`s~ `moajw`s x`t` :33

bxm`n jmn ijmjh`n d| Upa! j spdslnljt| bg J^@O Lmo6 jmn FT[! j spdslnljt| bg O-Lmnps~tl`s-

Js ~k` LO xjs bm ~k` htbpmn js l~ jss`n ~ktbphk ~k` ~xb @moajw`s! db~k sl~`s kjn `{l~s jmn

`m~tl`s ~b ~k` LO bm ~k`lt ajmn! gtbi xkj~ sk` obpan s`` jaa gbpt `{l~s gtbi ~k` LO kjn sòptl~|

okòfblm~s- Abbflmh bw`t ~k` xjaas sk` obpan s`` ~kj~ ibs~ bg ~k` jt`j m`jt ~k` LO abbf`n mlo`!

~`m s~bt`| jjt~i`m~ dabofs ~kj~ abbf`n oa`jm jmn xàa ijlm~jlm`n bm ibs~ x`t` xlmn ~ptdlm`s

jmn jasb ibs~ jjt~i`m~s kjn kjmhlmh ajm~s obilmh gtbi ~k` tbbg ~bs- L~ hjw` ~k` dplanlmhs j

mj~ptja abbf tj~k`t ~kjm kjtn jmn jmhpajt ~kj~ xjs xkj~ `ba` `{ò~`n gtbi ~kj~ ~|` bg

dplanlmh- ^k` LO tbs` bm jmb~k t ga|bw t js l~ `{l~`n ~k` FT[ `moajw`! js ~k` dlf`s oalid`n |bp

obpan s`` ~k` jt`j jggò~`n d| ~k` obtbtj~lbm `{~`mn`n d`|bmn ~k` dbtn`t g`mo`-

Js ~k` hltas m`jt`n ~k` `mn bg LO? ~k`| db~k hb~ lm~b ~k` obttò~ ajm` gbt ~k` `mn bg LO

bgg tjis ~kj~ xbpan ~jf` ~kì bm~b ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ tjm ~b ~k` skblmh nls~tlo~- Jg~`t jdbp~

~`m ilmp~`s bg ntlwlmh ~k`| m`jt`n ~k` skblmh nls~tlo~- Js ~k`| ntbw` nbxm ijlm skblmh

s~t``~! k`t `|`s x`t` galoflmh a`g~ ~b tlhk~ abbflmh j~ ~kls jmn ~kj~! ~k` ijsslw` n`jt~i`m~ s~bt`s!

~k` dbp~lzp`s! jmn jaa ~k` `ba` ~kj~ ~ktbmh`n ~k` s~t``~ jmn spttbpmns ibs~ bg kbpts bg ~k` nj|-

Js ^lmj! xkb xjs salhk~a| jk`jn! jtbjok`n ~k` Kjtalzpjmls _kblmh Ijaa! sk`

lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn ~bbf ~k` gla~`t ajm`- _k` sabx`n jmn s~b`n js ~k` alhk~s okjmh`n jmn

jmb~k`t s`~ x`m~ ht``m! jg~`t xjl~lmh gbt j obpa` bg ilmp~`s js ~k` alhk~s obia`~`n ~k` o|oa`

^lmj jmn k`t jooà`tj~`n js ~k` alhk~s ~ptm`n ht``m- ^k` ~xb dlf`s ~ptm`n tlhk~ bm~b ~k` ijlm

tbjn ~kj~ a`n jtbpmn ~k` `js~`tm jmn mbt~k`tm sln`s bg ~k` _kblmh Ijaa- J~ ~k` glts~ ojt)jtf

`m~tjmo` ^lmj lmnloj~`n a`g~ jmn otbss`n ~k` tbjn lm~b ~k` `m~tjmo`xj|- ^k`| db~k sabxa|

m`hb~lj~`n ~k` dlf` `m~tjmo`6 l~ jaabx`n ib~bt)dlf`s jmn b~k`t ~xb)xk`à`n w`kloa`s gt`` joo`ss

~b ~k` ojt jtfs- _k` gbaabx`n ^lmj js sk` ntbw` ~ktbphk ~k` ojt)jtf ~b ~k` sòbmn gabbt jmn

jtf`n lm ~k` dlf` dj| m`{~ ~b ~k` bm` ^lmj sàò~`n- Jg~`t sk` kjn jtf`n jmn abof`n ~k` dlf`

p! sk` jss`n k`t gbpt ls~ba ijhjulm`s ~b _jmntj xkb ajo`n ~kì jabmh xl~k k`ts lm~b ~k`

i`~ja db{ aboj~`n eps~ pmn`t ~k` gpà ~jmf-

Xk`m ~k` ijhjulm`s xk`t` jxj| lm ~k` kln`s _jmntj s~bbn jmn sjln! ‑Mlo` tln` ~kjmfs!|bp“t` t`~~| hbbn j~ kjmnalmh ~k` dlf`-’



<:

Okj~`t <

‑^kjmfs kpm-’ _k` sila`n jmn eblm`n ~k` ~kt`` hltas js ~k`| xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` alg~ jmn

s~jlts abdd| jmn ~k`m bm~b ~k` htbpmn gabbt ~b i``~ Njtaj jmn ~k` ~xlms- ^k` alg~ abdd| xjs jhbbn gbt~| g``~ abmh d| ~x`m~| g``~ xln`- Jabmh ~k` gpt~k`s~ xjaa gtbi ~k` nbpda` nbbts xklok

a`jn ~b ~k` ojt)jtf x`t` gbpt s`~s bg alg~ nbbts- Lm j sijaa sò~lbm bgg ~b ~k` sln` d`klmn ~k`

nbbts x`t` ~k` s~jlts ~kj~ tjm gtbi ~k` ~kltn gabbt ~b _pd)djsì`m~ 4- Jaa gbpt hltas

slipa~jm`bpsa| k`jn`n gbt ~k` s~jlts nbxm jmn xk`m ~k`| kjn oa`jt`n ~k` ajs~ galhk~ bg s~jlts!

Jds b`m`n ~k` nbbt bm~b ~k` ijlm ojt jtf xklok tjm lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ijlm `m~tjmo`- ^k` gtl`mns

s~jt~`n ~b xjaf jtbpmn ~k` bp~sln` bg ~k` skblmh o`m~t`! xklok xjs obms~tpo~`n bg dtlofs!

s~`à! jmn ~bphk`m`n hajss- ^k` otbxns ibw`n bm jm `dd jmn gabx ~kj~ ibw`n xl~k jm pmfmbxm

obm~tbaalmh ilmn! jtbpmn ~k` gbpt ~k`| s`ì`n ~b jss ~ktbphk ~k` otbxns `ggbt~a`ssa|- ^k` gbpt

hltas tbpmn`n ~k` obtm`t jmn jtbjok`n ~k` ijlm `m~tjmo` Njtaj sjx ~kì js ~k`| sjx k`t!

~k`| ~k`m xjw`n j~ k`t- Njtaj t`~ptm`n ~k` xjw` jmn s~jt~`n ~bxjtns ~kì-

Njtaj ht``~`n ~k` htbp jmn Mlds jsf`n! ‑Xk`t`“s Jmhà jmn Njil`à2’ Xk`t` ~k`|

jo~pjaa| i``~ xjs lm gtbm~ bg j s`~ bg nbbts ~b Nlhl~ja Hjilmh-

‑Bgg tpmmlmh `ttjmns gbt i`-’

‑@{ops` i` a`js`!’ sjln j wblo` bg j xbijm js sk` jtbjok`n ~k` htbp-

‑Bbs! sbtt|!’ `w`t|bm` sjln jmn ibw`n ~b ~k` sln` oabs`s~ ~b ~k` ijlm `m~tjmo`! xk`t`

~k`| kjn j sijaa okpofa`-

‑^k`| xlaa d` eblmlmh ps aj~~`t ~kbphk2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑\`s ~k`| skbpan-’

‑Bmxjtn xl~k ~k` skblmh ~tl ~k`m-’

‑\`jk bm xl~k ~k` skblmh!’ sjln jaa ~k` hltas ~bh`~k`t-

^k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ijaa xjs jaa hajss! db~k ~k` glts~ jmn sòbmn gabbts s~jt~`n salhk~a| jxj|

gtbi ~k` jo~pja gtbm~- Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` ijlm nbbts ~k`| sjx ~kj~ ~k` glts~ gabbt

`n)xj| tjm nbxm lm gtbm~ bg ~k` glts~ gabbt skb gtbm~s! ~k` ilnna` jt`j xjs oa`jt ~b ~k` tbbg!

`{o`~ gbt ~k` dtlnh`s j~ t`hpajt lm~`twjas eblmlmh ~k` ~xb sln`s- Tpmmlmh gtbi ~k` htbpmn ~b ~k`

glts~ gabbt xjs jm p jmn j nbxm `sojaj~bt! j jlt bg obmot`~` djof`n sab`s eblm`n ~k` glts~ gabbt

~b ~k` sòbmn- Bm ~k` sbp~k sln` bg ~k` htbpmn gabbt `n)xj| xjs j dtjmok bg Gtjfs Dpth`ts! j

bpajt dpth`t djt xl~k ~k` OKIs! jmn _pttj Kbi` _~bt s- Bm ~k` mbt~k sln` xjs Ijtf N|~js

Oab~klmh jmn ~k` Ijaa“s _òptl~| Obm~tba-

Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` ijlm nbbts Njtaj ~ptm`n jmn sjln! ‑Xàobi` Mldbaj! ~b

^k` Kjtalzpjmls _kblmh Ijaa-’

^k` _kblmh o`m~t` xjs dtlhk~! s~tl alhk~s kpmh gtbi ~k` pmn`tsln` bg ~k` glts~ gabbt



`n)xj|- ^k` ilnna` bg ~k` xln` `{jms` xjs b`m ~b ~k` htbpmn- ^k` htbpmn gabbt kjn j g`x

xj~`t g`j~pt`s! ab~s bg d`mok s`j~s jmn j obpa` bg b`m jlt ojgìs jmn sijaa s~jaas sàalmh oab~k`s!

oja`mnjts! ojmna`s jmn b~k`t jssbt~`n l~ìs- Jaa ~k` a`wàs x`t` gpaa bg skb`ts jmn sbi`

~``mjh`ts! ibs~ bg xkbi skbpan kjw` d``m j~ sokbba! jmn lg ~k` `npoj~lbm s|s~ì ojt`n xbpan

kjw` ojaa`n l~ dpmflmh-

Ib~k`ts x`t` ntjhhlmh ~bnna`ts bt psklmh pskokjlts xl~k djdl`s bt ~bnna`ts! sbi`

ot|lmh b~k`ts sa``lmh- Bm` ib~k`t xjs sj~ bm bm` bg ~k` d`mok s`j~s! lm k`t jtis xjs j djd|

jmn l~ abbf`n alf` ~k` djd| xjs d`lmh g`n xkla` j salhk~a| ban`t ~bnna`t sj~ oabs` ~b k`t bm j

a`jsk ~l`n ~b kls xtls~-

‑Xk|! ~kjmf |bp Njtaj!’ sk` tàl`n jhjlm! sk` kjn j sila` bm k`t gjo`- _k` xjs jasb

g`àlmh w`t| alhk~ k`jn`n! dp~ sk` ~kbphk~ ~kj~ xjs np` ~b d`lmh ~tp` ~b k`t sàg-

‑St`jt` gbt <3 OKI skblmh! dp~ ~k` d`s~ :3 Ja~`tmj~lw` skblmh lm ~k` `m~lt`

ol~|!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj-

‑^kj~“s lm k`t`!’ jnn`n _jmntj-

‑Jmn :33 ~k` d`s~ ja~`tmj~lw` so`m` bp~sln` bm ~k` djof s~t``~s!’ sjln Jds-

‑Jmn ~k` sòbmn kbi` bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ hjmh!’ jnn`n ^lmj-

Eps~ lmsln` ~k` ijlm nbbts Njtaj nltò~`n ~k` htbp ~b ~k` `sojaj~bts ~b ~jf` ~kì ~b ~k`

glts~ gabbt! ‑L ~klmf j ntlmf ~b oà`dtj~` ~k` bp~gl~~lmh bg Mlds! bm i`!’ sjln Njtaj-

‑^kjmfs Njtaj!’ `w`t|bm` sjln lm t`sbms` ~b Njtaj“s bgg`t-

^k` htbp ~tjwàa`n ~k` ~xb `sojaj~bts ~b ~k` sòbmn gabbt! xk`t` ~k` ojgì Njtaj xjm~`n

xjs- Jdbw` ~k` xlmnbx xjs ~k` slhm xklok t`jn ‛Nìbabh| Ojgì“-

^k` glw` gtl`mns xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ojgì jmn tlhk~ p ~b ~k` s`twlmh jt`j- Bm` bg ~k` ~xb djt

i`m s~jmnlmh d`klmn ~k` djt tòbhmls`n ~k` htbp jmn sila`n- ‑Xàobi` djof! ajnl`s bg ~k`

mlhk~-’ _k` sjx kli abbf j~ `jok bg ~k` htbp xl~k kls `|`s! kls `|`s s`~~a`n bm k`t- ‑J m`x

ajn| bg ~k` mlhk~2’ k` jsf`n lmzpltlmha|-

Njtaj jmsx`t`n ‑\`s jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Mldbaj Oja~bm-’

‑Xàobi` Mldbaj!’ K` xjs x`jtlmh j kj| abbf-

‑Sa`js` ojaa i` Mlds-’

K` sila`n j~ ~kj~- ‑Ojm L ~jf` l~ |bpt mbtija btn`ts ajnl`s2’

‑\`s!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj! ‑Mlds2’

Jg~`t j zplof t`jn bg ~k` ntlmfs i`mp sk` sjln! ‑_lo`n Okjl Aj~~`! a`js`-’

‑O`t~jlma|! L skjaa dtlmh ~kì bw`t ~b |bp-’

‑^kjmf |bp!’ tàl`n Njtaj-

^k` htbp ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns bm` bg ~k` dbb~ks ~kj~ alm`n ~k` xjaa! bbsl~` ~k` djt- Jotbss ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ojgì xjs j slmha lò` bg hajss xl~k ~k` nbbt op~ lm~b ~k` tlhk~ kjmn

sln` bg l~- Eps~ bp~sln` lm j sijaa jt`j obtnbm`n bgg gtbi ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` sòbmn gabbt xk`t` j g`x



<?

s`j~s jmn ~jda`s- ^k` jo~pja ojgì xjs zpl~` ibn`tm)abbflmh xl~k j g`x xjaa`n dbb~ks almlmh ~k`

xjaa `jok bm` kjn j ~jda` jmn ~xb obigbt~jda` d`mok s`j~s- Slo~pt`s bg gjibps sbt~si`m bt

glai s~jts! ibs~ abmh n`jn alm`n ~k` xjaas- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` gabbt jt`j xjs obw`t`n lm j g`x tbpmn

~jda`s jmn okjlts- Jdbw` ~k` glts~ alm` bg lo~pt`s xjs j sòbmn tbx bg glai jmn sbt~s

iìbtjdlalj- Jasb nb~~`n jtbpmn x`t` bs~`ts bg pobilmh `w`m~s ) obmo`t~s jmn g`s~lwjas-

Bm` g`s~lwja bs~`t ojphk~ k`t `|` jmn ~k` `|` bg ~k` htbp l~ xjs jnw`t~lslmh j ~kt``)nj|

ipslo jmn jt~s g`s~lwja lm X`s~ Klaas nls~tlo~- ^k` g`s~lwja xjs oà`dtj~lmh l~s ~`m~k |`jt- Bm ~k`

db~~bi bg ~k` bs~`t xjs ~k` m ~ jnnt ss xk t` ibt` lmgbtij~lbm obpan d` kjn-

_k` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP bx`t`n l~ p bgg ~k` kbm` ibn` jmn ~|`n ~k` jnnt`ss lm jmn

dtbphk~ p ~k` jh s- ‑Ii!’ sk` sjln! ‑sl~` sj|s ~k`| jt` abbflmh gbt `ba` ~b kà s`~p jmn

s~`xjtn ~k` g`s~lwja- L~ ij| d` jx`sbi` gpm ~b hb jmn kà ~kì-’

‑^tp` l~ ij|!’ _jmntj sjln silalmh js sk` jmn Sjpa kjn d``m ~b bm` ipslo g`s~lwja xk`m

sk` xjs w`t| |bpmh-

‑L fmbx bm` ~klmh!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Xkj~“s ~kj~ kpm2’ lmzplt`n Jds-

‑L“i n`glml~à| hblmh! l~“s ~k` g`s~lwja ipi jmn njn kà`n j~ d`gbt` x` ibw`n ~b _bp~k

Obw`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Bk |`jk! l~ ls L tììd`t |bp ~jaflmh jdbp~ l~!’ t`sbmn`n Jds! ‑~k`m L“i jasb hblmh-’‑_ji` k`t`!’ sjln Mlds-

_jmntj mbnn`n k`t jmsx`t-

‑Xk`m ls l~2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

Mlds jasb mb~lo`n j htbp bg OKI ~``mjh ts bp~sln` s~bbn jhjlms~ ~k` tjlalmhs ~kj~

nìjtoj~`n ~k` xjaf jt`j gtbi ~k` b`m ntb ~b ~k` htbpmn gabbt- Js sk` xj~ok`n ~kì sk`

mb~lo`n ~k` ijhjulm` aj~` bg j ls~ba gajsk lm~b wl`x jmn xjs hbm` jhjlm js ~k` gìja` ibw`njmn ~k` ejof`~ sk` xjs x`jtlmh kpmh! klnlmh ~k` ls~ba jhjlm-

‑0~k ~b ~k` 8~k bg Jpjt! ~kt`` x``f`mns ~li`!’ jmsx`t`n Jds-

^k` djtijm xkb kjn ~jf`m ~k` ntlmfs btn`ts xjaf`n bw`t ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k ~k` wjtlbps

ntlmfs bm- ‑_lo`n Okjl Aj~~` gbt ~k` m`x`s~ ajn|!’ k` sjln js k` ajo`n j ajth` op bg gtb~k|

ilaf lm gtbm~ bg k`t- ‑Obgg`` gbt |bp ~xb!’ k` sjln! ajolmh ~jaa ops lm gtbm~ bg _jmntj jmn ^lmj-

‑Dajof ~`j gbt |bp i| n`jt!’ k` sjln js k` ajo`n j iph lm gtbm~ bg Njtaj- ‑Jmn j Aj~~` gbt |bp

Jds-’

‑^kjmf |bp!’ oji` ~k` tà| gtbi jaa glw` hltas-

J~ ~kls k` ajo`n ~k` dlaa bm ~k` ~jda` jmn xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` obpm~`t-



<8

kjmn sln` bg ~k` skb- ^k` ijm s~jmnlmh d`klmn ~k` obpm~`t jsf`n! ‑Ojm L d` bg jssls~jmo`2’

‑\`s L xbpan alf` ~b ptokjs` j jlt bg s~pns gbt i| `jts!’ sk` sjln-

‑O`t~jlma| ij“ji-’ K` s~bbn jmn ~bbf bp~ j ajth` oj~jabhp` jmn gal`n ~b ~k` jh` ~kj~

kjn ~k` nlsaj| lm ~k` xlmnbx! ‑Xklok s~pns xbpan |bp alf`2’ jsf`n ~k` skb jssls~jm~-

‑^k`s` jlt bg s~pns!’ sk` tàl`n jmn blm~`n ~b ~k` l~ìs bm ~k` jh`-

‑L“aa xjl~ gbt |bp xl~k ~k` b~k`ts bp~sln`! kpm-’

‑Bf-’ _k` sila`n js _jmntj a`g~ ~k` skb- _k` sjln jg~`t _jmntj kjn a`g~ ~k` skb- ‑Ojm L

jasb ptokjs` ~kls jt~m`t tlmh s`~-’ _k` blm~`n ~b ~k` s`~ bm ~k` jh`-

‑O`t~jlma|!’ sjln ~k` sja`s jssls~jm~! ‑Xbpan ~k` ajn| alf` ~b d` lò`n mbx2’

‑Sa`js`!’ sk` tàl`n-

J~ ~kls! ~k` sja`s jssls~jm~ t`ss`n j dp~~bm bm ~k` obpm~`t jmn j nbbt lm ~k` djof xjaa

b`m`n! j h`m~ xjaf`n bp~ jmn k`jn`n ~b ~k` obpm~`t jmn jsf`n! ‑Xkj~“s p ^bm|2’

‑^kls ajn| xlsk`s ~b kjw` k`t `jts l`to`n Mlokbajs-’

‑Mb tbdaì!’ sjln Mlokbajs- ‑Xbpan |bp a`js` gbaabx i` ij“ji-’

_k` gbaabx`n Mlokbajs ~b j okjlt xk`t` sk` sj~ jmn Mlokbajs x`m~ jdbp~ t`jtlmh k`t gbt

~k` ~xb l`tolmhs- _k` jsf`n Mlokbajs! ‑Nb |bp pmn`t~jf` lmsotl~lbms k`t` bt xbpan L kjw` ~b

hb às`xk`t`2’

‑X` nb pmn`t~jf` lmsotl~lbms k`t`! xk| nb |bp jsf2’

‑L xlsk ~b kjw` j jt~m`t tlmh s`~ lmsotld`n xl~k sbi`~klmh-’‑Mb tbdaì! eps~ hlw` ~k` lmsotl~lbm ~b ^bm| jmn k` xlaa obia`~` l~ ~bnj|-’

‑^kjmfs-’

Mlokbajs obaa o~`n ~k` ~xb s~pns gtbi ~k` s~bof kàn lm ~k` ntjxs bg ~k` l tolmh jt j jmn

abjn`n ~k` l`tolmh hpm xl~k bm` bg ~kì- K` ijtf`n ~k` blm~s xk`t` k` xbpan lms`t~ ~k`

s~pns-

_k` ~kbphk~ jdbp~ ~k` lmsotl~lbm sk` xjm~`n bm ~k` tlmhs-

Mlokbajs ajo`n ~k` hpm jhjlms~ k`t jts jmn sk` gà~ j salhk~ jmh bg jlm js ~k` l tolmhhpm lms`t~`n ~k` `jt s~pns- ^k`m k` kàn j ilttbt lm gtbm~ bg k`t- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` ~xb s~pns jmn

sila`n- Mlokbajs a`n k`t ~b ~k` obpm~`t xk`t` sk` jsf`n ^bm|! ‑Xbpan |bp a`js` lmsotld` ~k`

jt~m`t tlmhs xl~k sbi`~klmh2’

‑\`jk mb tbdaìs!’ oji` ^bm|“s t`sbms`-

_k` ~k`m xtb~` ~k` lmsotl~lbm nbxm! ‛^laa n`j~k nb ps jt~“ bm ~k` bp~sln` bg db~k jmn lm

bm` xtb~` ‛~b _jmntj gtbi Mlds“! jmn ~k` b~k`t ‛~b Mlds gtbi _jmntj“-

‑L~ xlaa d` nbm` d| jdbp~ 30533JM ij“ji!’ sjln ^bm|-

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! ‑L skjaa d` djof ~k`m-’

‑Sj| gbt |bpt b~k`t ptokjs`s xk`m |bp t`~ptm- Ij| L sj| |bp jss `jsla| jmn xàa2’ sjln



Mlokbajs js sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b a`jw` ~k` skb-

_k` s~b`n jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` Mlokbajs- ‑Xkj~‧Xkj~ nln |bp eps~ sj|2’

‑L~ ~jf`s bm` ~b fmbx bm`-’

‑Jtk!’ sk` sjln js ~k` `mm| ntb`n- ‑Jt` |bp jasb2’

‑L ji! ij“ji! L jss dp~ ~kj~“s jdbp~ l~- Okj~ ~b |bp aj~`t ~kls jg~`tmbbm!’ sjln Mlokbajs-

_k` ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n bp~! silalmh js sk` x`m~- Js sk` jtbjok`n ~k` b~k`ts! ~k` ~xlms

dbpmn`n p! eb|gpa jmn kj| js ~k`| jaxj|s s` i`n-

‑Glmlsk`n |bp ~xb2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑\`s ils~t`ss!’ t`sbmn`n ~k` jlt slipa~jm`bpsa|-

‑Hbbn-’

‑L m``n j ntlmf-’ sjln ^lmj-

‑\`jk! sb nb L!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑A`~(s hb ~b ~k` Klhk Ojgì2’

‑\`jk! a`~s!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

%%%%%

^k` s`w`m gtl`mns xjaf`n ~b ~k` p `sojaj~bt ~kj~ xbpan a`jn ~kì ~b ~k` ijlm o`m~tja

nbi`- Gtbi ~k` sòbmn gabbt ~k`| ~tjwàa`n ~b p j sòbmn `sojaj~bt ~b ~k` Klhk Ojgì- ^k` ojgì

xjs aboj~`n lm ~k` nbi` ~kj~ xjs ~k` otbss tbjns hajss tbbg bg ~k` Ijaa-

^k` ojgì xjs w`t| slilajt ~b ~k` bm` ~k`| kjn sj~ lm |`s~`tnj| nptlmh apmok)~li` j~

sokbba- ^k`| gbpmn j ajth` ~jda` jmn jaa sj~ ~b xjl~ gbt ~k` s~jgg ~b obi` jmn h`~ ~k`lt btn`t-

Abbflmh bw`t ~k` djaobm| g`molmh ~k`| obpan xj~ok ~k` `ba` `j~lmh j~ ~k` b`m jlt ojgì bm ~k`

glts~ gabbt jmn ~k` bm` bm ~k` htbpmn gabbt- Xk`m ~k` xjl~`t oji` bw`t k` ~bbf ~k` wjtlbps

ntlmfs btn`ts xl~k j sila`! jmn xjaf`n jxj| ~b glaa l~-

^k` htbp eps~ sj~ ~k`t` jmn sbjf`n p ~k` j~ibsk`t` bg ~k` Ijaa- Xk`m ~k` xjl~`t

t`~ptm`n! k` xjs ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k glw` s~`jilmh ops jmn ~xb ~jaa hajss`s-

^k` hajss`s x`t` jss`n ~b ^lmj jmn Jmhà jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ops xklok jaa obm~jlm`n j

s~tbmh obgg``! x`t` ajo`n lm gtbm~ bg `w`t|bm` às`-

‑Ok``ts!’ sjln Jds js sk` lof`n k`t op p jmn tjls`n l~ lm ntlmfs ~bjs~lmh gjsklbm! ‑^b

hbbn gtl`mns jmn hbbn ~li`s-’

‑Jht``n!’ t`sbmn`n `w`t|bm` às` jmn dtbphk~ ~k` wjtlbps ntlmfs ~bh`~k`t bw`t ~k`

ilnna` bg ~k` ~jda`- @jok iph bt hajss ~j`n j~ a`js~ ~xb b~k`ts jmn ijn` j oklmf sbpmn-

‑^b ps jaa’ sk` xkls`t`n pmn`t k`t dt`j~k! jmn ~kbphk~! ‛Xkj~ ls hblmh bm! xk| nb L g`à

~kls xj| jmn xkj~ ls kj`mlmh ~b i`-“ ‑Jm|bm` fmbx xk`m ~k` Htjnpj~lbm Stbi ls2’ _k`~bbf j sl gtbi k`t obgg``-

‑L~“s mb~ pm~la ~k` :7~k bg @dlmjt- Xk|2’ jsf`n ^lmj jg~`t sllmh k`t Dajof @jta Ht`|-



<<

‑Bk L kjnm“~ ajmm`n bm hblmh js L xbpanm“~ kjw` kjn j nj~` jmn L ij| kjw` jat`jn|

ibw`n! dp~ mbx L“i ~klmflmh ~k`t`“s gpm ~b d` kjn!’ sk` t`sbmn`n ~b ^lmj“s zp`s~lbm xl~k jm

`wla abbf lm k`t `|`s jmn jm `wla sila` bm k`t als-

‑Kàa |`jk!’ sjln ^lmj-

_k` abbf`n bp~ eps~ ~klmflmh jdbp~ j g`x ~klmhs sk` m``n`n ~b nb! bm` xjs ~b sbmsbt ~k`

t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms sb ~k`| obpan dòbi` gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~s! jmn eblm ~k` tjmfs bg ~kbs` `ba`

sk` ~tpa| abbf`n p ~b- ^k` sòbmn xjs ~b lms~jaa k`t ntlw`s bm Kbi` Djs`“s obip~`t- _k` gà~

j kjmn t`s~ bm k`t ~klhk jmn sk` hajmo`n nbxm jmn sjx l~ dàbmh`n ~b _jmntj- ‛ L sb abw |bp

kpm- L sb abw` |bp-“

‑Nlnm“~ sbi`bm` ibp~k x`“t` n`jn |`s~`tnj|2’ jsf`n Jds js sk` p~ k`t op bg obgg``

djof bm ~k` ~jda`-

‑^k`| nln!’ sjln _jmntj js sk` sl`n k`t obgg``-

‑Nb`sm“~ ~kls |`jt“s tbi kjw` j ~kì` bg sbi`~klmh2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑\`jk l~s gjmo| nt`ss!’ tàl`n ^lmj ~k`m ~jflmh k`t op jmn ~jflmh j ibp~kgpa-

‑Njim L jmn ~k` ~xlms ojm“~ hb!’ sjln Njtaj- _k` mb~lo`n ~kj~ Njtaj xjs abbflmh nbxm

jmn sbi`xkj~ ps`~-

‑L nbm“~ s`` xk| mb~! x` jaa kjw` ~xb lmwl~`s! bm` gbt ~k` `tsbm jmn bm` gbt ~k`lt jt~m`t!

jmn js sl{ bg ~k` Wl{`ms hb ~b ~k` sokbba! ~k`t`gbt` 7 ~lof`~s gbt ps jmn 7 gbt bpt jt~m`ts!’ sk`

sjln! ‑Lg L t`jn ~k` lmwl~`s jmn bs~`ts tlhk~-’‑\`jk ~kj~“s ~k` xj| L t`jn ~kì js xàa!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Kàa |`jk!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj lm kjlm`ss-

‑Js L ji mbx hblmh jmn kjw` j nj~`!$ sk` sjln! jmn sila`n j~ _jmntj xkb sila`n djof! $L

fmbx xkj~ L ji ajmmlmh bm hblmh js-’

‑Xkj~ ~k`m2’ jsf`n _jmntj jg~`t ajolmh k`t ì~| op bm ~k` ~jda`-

‑_jit! j gjibps gìja` xjttlbt gtbi jmol`m~ Ejttujt!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Bf!’ tàl`n _jmntj sbpmnlmh lm~`t`s~`n- ‑Nln _jit kjw` jm| jt~m`ts2’‑L ~klmf sk` nln kjw`! jmn lg i| iìbt| s`tw`s i` tlhk~ L ~klmf sk` xjs joobijml`n d|

`lhk~ b~k`ts L nbm“~ tììd`t ~k` s`{`s! dp~ ~kj~“s mb~ k`jtn ~b glmn bp~!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

Jg~`t ~k`| kjn glmlsk`n ~k`lt ntlmfs! ^lmj jln gbt ~kì jaa- ^k` htbp a`g~ gbt Ijtf N|~js

Oab~klmh! ~k` dlh oab~klmh n`jt~i`m~ s~bt` ~k`| jss`n xk`m ~k`| xjaf`n lm- L~ xbpan d` gtbi

k`t` sk` obpan h`~ ibt` mbtija h`m`tja tpm)bg)~k`)ilaa oab~k`s gtbi! ~k`| x`t` jaa dajof bt njtf

obabpts-

%%%%%



^k` gtl`mns a`g~ Ijtf N|~js Oab~klmh jmn k`jn`n ~b ~k` gjt~k`s~ `n)xj| gtbi ~k`

`m~tjmo`- K`t` ~k`| xjm~`n S`mlmspaj Obidj~ _pal`s! ~k` skb l~sàg sban ilal~jt| sptaps

`zpli`m~ jmn gtbi xkj~ sk` fm`x sbi` glt`jti jmn dajn`n oabs` obidj~ x`jbms- ^kls xjs

~k` ajs~ skb ~k`| ajmm`n bm wlsl~lmh lm k`t` b~k`t ~kjm loflmh p ~k` jt~m`t tlmhs jmn djhs

gtbi Hl~kjh`-

^k` s`w`m gtl`mns dtbxs`n ~k` xlmnbxs jmn sjx bm` bg ~k` ija` ijmlflms xjs ojtt|lmh

jm I43 jssjpa~ ojtdlm`-

_k` sjln! ‑L“i spttls` j~ ~kj~!’ jmn blm~`n j~ ~k` I43-

‑L~ ips~ d` j àa`~ hpm bt sbi`~klmh!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑L“w` mb~ k`jtn bg ~kls skb sàalmh

jssjpa~ htjn` glt` bx`t- ^k`| sàa ls~bas jmn sbi` _IHs jmn jiipml~lbm! dp~ L“w` mb~ k`jtn

jdbp~ ~k` jssjpa~ htjn` x`jbms-’

^k` htbp obm~lmp`n nbxm ~k` skb xlmnbx jmn `m~`t`n ~k` skb- Eps~ lmsln` ~k`

`m~tjmo` ~k`| x`t` joobs~`n d| j skb jssls~jm~ xkb jsf`n! ‑Ojm L kà jm| bg |bp ajnl`s2’

‑Mb~ j~ ~k` ibi`m~! ~kjmfs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

^k` skb xjs w`t| jlt| xl~k alhk~ s~t`jilmh nbxm gtbi ~k` o`lalmh alhk~ ~pd`s- _k`

t`jalu`n ~kj~ sk` fm`x ~kls skb6 sk` kjn d``m k`t` bmo` d`gbt` js Mlof xk`m ~k` Oji`tbm

Tjln`ts kjn ijn` jm bp~)bg)kbpts ptokjs` ojaa- ^k` gabbt sjo` xjs obw`t`n xl~k skàwlmh

pml~s jmn oab~k`s tjofs! xklok obm~jlm`n `w`t|~klmh j ilal~jt| mp~! obpan `w`t xjm~- _k` bma|

t`jaa| xjm~`n j jlt bg sml`t glmh`ta`ss habw`s-

Xk`m sk` kjn dbphk~ ~kì sk` jsf`n! ‑^lmj! ojm |bp! mb! nb |bp ~klmf |bp obpan xlt` j

sijt~ hpm tlh lm~b ~k` jais bg ~k`s` habw`s2’ js sk` xjs p~~lmh ~kì bm-

‑L nbm“~ s`` xk| mb~! L xlaa m``n ~k` ~òkmbabh| ~b nb l~ ~kbphk-’

‑Bf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn ~kbphk~! ‛ @ijla Njil`m Oji`tbm ~b s`` lg k` fmbxs xk t` L

ojm h`~ ~k` ^òk gtbi-“

%%%%%

Eps~ d`gbt` ~k`| obaaò~`n ~k` djhs gtbi Hl~kjh` sk` a`n ~k` htbp djof ~b ~k` ‛Sa`jsjm~

Sajo`s Sa`jsjm~ _iàas“- Xk`m ~k`| kjn jttlw`n sk` sjln! ‑Xbpan |bp ilmn xjl~lmh gbt i` bp~

k`t`! sx``~-’

‑Bf kpm!’ sjln _jmntj abbflmh salhk~a| spttls`n-

_k` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` skb! jmn jln Mlokbajs gbt ~k` `jt s~pns jmn ~k` Sjt~m`t Tlmhs-

‑L kb` |bp jmn |bpt gtl`mns xbpanm“~ ilmn obilmh bp~ oapddlmh xl~k i` jmn ~k` t`s~ bg

~k` A^DH so`m`- Bk |`s! ~jf` ~kls l~“s gtbi j w`t| hbbn jlt bg kjlt nt`ss`ts jmn lijhòbmspa~jm~s lm ~k` djof s~t``~s-’

‑^kjmf |bp- L ~klmf ~k` Wl{`ms ij| ~jf` |bp p bm ~kj~ bgg`t jmn L“aa abbf ~kì p ~bnj|



:3:

lg ~k`t` b`m-’ _k` ojttl`n ~k` ~xb dap` db{`s db~k bg ~kì klnn`m d`klmn k`t djof bp~ bg ~k`

skb jmn sk` jtbjok`n _jmntj- _k` ~k`m x`m~ nbxm bm~b bm` fm`` jmn t`s`m~`n bm` bg ~k`

~xb tlmh db{`s b`m ~b _jmntj jmn sjln! ‑^laa n`j~k nb ps jt~ i| abw`-’ _k` ~k`m ~bbf ~k` tlmh

bp~! skbx`n ~k` lmsotl~lbm ~b _jmntj jmn ajo`n l~ pbm k`t jt~m`t“s tlmh glmh`t-

_jmntj“s ejx ntb`n! xk`m sk` sjx ~k` tlmh- ‑Ls l~ ~k` jt~m`t tlmh x` sjx lm ~k`

xlmnbx2’

’\`s l~ ls! kpm-’

‑Ij| L kjw` ~k` b~k`t db{ a`js`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑\bp ij| kpm!’ tàl`n Mlds

_k` sjx Mlds dtlmh ~k` b~k`t db{ bp~ jmn s~jmn p- Mlds ~k`m jss`n ~k` sòbmn tlmh db{

~b k`t-

_k` ~k`m fmà~ bm bm` fm`` jmn sjln! ‑^laa n`j~k nb ps jt~ i| abw`-’ _k` alf`xls` ajo`n

~k` tlmh bm Mlds“ tlmh glmh`t- _k` ~k`m s~bbn jmn xjs htjdd`n d| Mlds xkb ajm~`n j ijsslw`

flss bm k`t als-

J hbbn ~klt~| sòbmns aj~`t- ’Ptkiii!’ sjln Njtaj-

‑Bbs! sbtt|!’ ~k` jlt jbabhls`n js ~k`| dtbf` ~k` flss-

‑X` kjw` b~k`t ajo`s ~b hb L ~klmf!’ obm~lmp`n Njtaj-‑X` nb- Nbm“~ x`!’ sjln _jmntj! jmn jaa s`w`m hltas xjaf`n jotbss ~k` eblmlmh dtlnh` ~b

Hl~kjh` jmn ~k` djhs ~k`| kjn a`g~ ~k`t`-

Js ~k`| otbss`n ~k` dtlnh` Mlds jsf`n _jmntj! ‑Nb |bp fmbx jm|~klmh jdbp~ ~k`s`

`ba ! Mlokbajs ~k` ijmjh t kjmn`n i` ~k`lt ojtn-’ _k` jss n ~k` ojtn ~b _jmntj! xkb

abbf`n j~ l~-

‑\`s L nb! Gjo` N`slhm! tpm d| Jtjh` jmn lAa`j~k` ~k` ils~t`ss jmn ijs~`t bg Hl~k ijf`)

p jmn kjlt- L~“s bm` bg ~k` ajo`s x` jt` ajmmlmh bm hblmh- ^k` b~k`t ls Tls`ts ~b ~k` Boojslbmjmn ~k` ptokjs` bg |bpt glts~ gbtija Hl~k nt`ss! |bp“aa m``n l~ xk`m L lm~tbnpo` |bp ~b ~k`

Hjmhtàs! m`{~ Hj~k`tlmh- L abw` |bp Mlds!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` sal`n k`t jti ~ktbphk Mlds“

jmn m`s~a`n lm~b k`t jti-

Mlds sila`n j kj| sila`! ‑L abw` |bp ~bb kpm! xl~k jaa i| k`jt~-’

Jg~`t obaaò~lmh ~k` glw` djhs gtbi Hl~kjh` ^lmj sphh`s~`n! ‑Bm` ibt` obgg`` lm

Nìbabh| ~b oà`dtj~` ~k` obia`~lbm bg kjs` bm` bg ~k` skblmh ~tl-’ ^k` ~xlms ojttl`n

ibs~ bg ~k` djhs js ~k`| s`ì`n ~b xjm~ ~b-

‑^k` tlmh ls d`jp~lgpa kpm- ^kjmf |bp sb ipok-’

‑bp“t` xàobi` i| sx``~! L ~kbphk~ l~ xbpan d` j hbbn xj| bg slhmlg|lmh bpt



obiil~i`m~ ~b `jok b~k`t-’ _k` ~kbphk~! ‛ L kjw` sb gbpmn ~k` `ba` L g`à oabs` ~b! mb~ bma| bm

~k` `tsbmja a`wà! dp~ ~k` sltl~pja bm` ~bb-“ _k` sila`n js ~k`| xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` ijlm

`m~tjmo` jmn ~k` `sojaj~bt ~b ~k` sòbmn gabbt-

%%%%%

^k` htbp xjaf`n lm ~b btn`t ~k`lt ntlmfs ^bm| xkb xjs a`m~ bw`t bm` bg ~k` dbb~k ~jda`s

oa`jmlmh l~! ~ptm`n jmn sjln! ‑Kl! xàobi` djof- \bp“t` pspja-’

‑Ii-’ Jg~`t j sòbmn“s ~kbphk~ ~k`| jaa sjln! ‑|`jk-’

^k` gtl`mns ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn k`jn`n djof bp~ ~k` nbbt jmn sj~ lm ~k` jt`j nìjtoj~`n

jt`j lm ~k` gtbm~ dàbmhlmh ~b ~k` ojgì- Xk`m ~k`| jaa kjn htjdd`n okjlts jmn sj~ nbxm- ^k`| jaa

~bbf bp~ `l~k`t ~k`lt ~lms jmn s~jt~`n ~b tbaa j Ojidjt olhjt`~~`s bt ~bbf bm` ~k`| kjn ijn`

`jtal`t jmn al~ ~kj~! slmo` ~k`| kjn a`g~ ~k` kbps` ~kj~ apmok ~li` ~k` gtl`mns kjnm“~ gà~ alf`

sibflmh! `w`m ~kbphk ~k` tpm ~b ~k` o`m~t` xjs tj~k`t s~t`ssgpa-

_k` abbf`n lmsln` ~k` ojgì jmn mb~lo`n ^bm| k`jnlmh ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt ojtt|lmh j ~tj|-

^bm| nlsk`n bp~ `jok bg ~k` ntlmfs ~b ~k` t`sò~lw` hltas jmn jg~`t ajolmh ~k` ~tj| bm j m`jtd|

~jda` htjdd`n klisàg j s`j~ sb k` obpan eblm ~k` hltas jmn sj~ nbxm- ‑\bp hp|s lm~`t`s~`n lm

sbi` gt`àjmo` xbtf2’ jsf`n ^bm|-

‑Lm~`t`s~`n!’ jmsx`t`n Njtaj- ‑Xkj~ ijf`s |bp ~klmf x` xbpanm“~ d`2’

‑\`jk! |bp“t` tlhk~- ^k` It- _il~k xkb ìab|`n i` ~b bgg`t ~k` ebd xjs w`t| sòlglo

jdbp~ xkb L xjs ~b bgg`t l~ ~b! k` sjln bma| bgg`t l~ ~b ^k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! jmn js |bp jt` ~k` bma|

~`ji L fmbx xkb hb d| ~k` mji` ^k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms- _b L mbx bgg`t |bp ~k` ebd-’

‑W`t| lm~`t`s~`n mbx!’ sjln _jmntj- ^k` `m~lt` htbp ~ptm`n ~b abbf j~ ^bm|-

‑^k` ebd `m~jlas ~k` dt`jflmh jmn `m~`tlmh bg jm T'N t`s`jtok o`m~t` bxm`n d|

Mjtluujm Lmo- ^k` oal`m~ xjm~s ~b h`~ kls kjmns bm jm `{`tli`m~ja jssjpa~ tlga` ~kj~ kjs d``m

n`slhm`n jmn ~k` tb~b~|` obms~tpo~`n ~k`t` jmn kbps`n lm j sjg` bm ~k` ~kltn gabbt- It _il~k

nln jasb sj| ~k` obm~tjo~ jsf`n gbt ~xb ~`jis ~b b`tj~` lm j ob)btnlmj~`n gjsklbm! js ~k` bw`tjaa

tjln jasb lmoapn`n ~k` n`s~tpo~lbm bg j sòlglo ajd bm ~k` sji` sl~`-’

‑^kj~ nb`s sbpmn lm~`t`s~lmh!’ Mlds sjln-

‑Kbx ipok ls ~k` ìab|`t bgg`tlmh2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑^k` It- _il~k“s dbss`s hjw` kli sl{ ilaalbm! glw` ilaalbm nòfs bm nàlw`t| gbt ~k`

jssjpa~ tlga` l~sàg! jmn j ilaalbm nòfs gbt ~k` obip~`t ajms jmn alw` glt` ~`s~ t`spa~s- Saps

dbmps`s n `mn`m~ bm b~k`t nj~j t aj~`n ~b ~k` wjtlbps x`jbms tbeò~s-’

‑Mbx ~kj~“s j ab~ bg ibm`| gbt jm jssjpa~ tlga`!’ sjln Jds-‑\`jk L fmbx!’ sjln ^bm|! ‑L“aa a`~ |bp ~klmf jdbp~ l~ jmn ~àa i` |bpt jmsx`t aj~`t-’

‑Bf ^bm|-’



:3?

^bm| hb~ p! htjdd`n ~k` ~tj| jmn nlsj`jt`n djof lm~b ~k` ojgì-

‑Nb x` ~jf` ~k` ebd2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Bma| jg~`t x` nb sbi` s`tlbps t`s`jtok lm~b ~k` ~jth`~ obtbtj~lbm jmn b~k`t lmgbtij~lbm

tàj~lmh ~b ~k` ebd! alf` xkb ls ìab|lmh ps-’ _k` ~kbphk~! ‛Xkb ~k` gpof fmbxs x` jt` jdbp~

~b dt`jf lm~b ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtan- ^k` ibm`| ls àl~`)tj~`n ~`ji g``s! mb~ j ~`ji eps~ s~jt~lmh

bp~- Glw` ilaalbm aps j ilaalbm gbt ~k` ajms! mb~ ijm| obtbtj~lbms ojm jggbtn bt xbpan xjm~

~b j| ~kj~ ~|` bg ibm`|! `sòljaa| ~b j htbp eps~ s~jt~lmh bp~-“

^k` htbp sj~ ~k`t` jmn ipaa`n ~klmhs bw`t lm ~k`lt k`jns! `w`m jg~`t ~k` ntlmfs kjn

glmlsk`n ~k`| obm~lmp`n ~b sl~! ~klmf jmn okj~ jibmhs~ ~kìsàw`s gbt sbi` ~li`-

Nptlmh ~k` ~li` sk` kjn ~jf`m k`t SNP bp~ jmn xjs wl`xlmh wjtlbps jh`s abbflmh gbt

lmgbtij~lbm bm ~k` ebd- ‑L m``n i| obip~`ts ~b nb ~k` t`s`jtok tb`ta|*’ sk` `{oajli`n js

sk` p~ k`t SNP jxj|-

‑^tp`! x` nb m``n ~b d` sj~ dtjlms~btilmh ~klmhs lm j ajo` obmnpolw` bg tbnpo~lw` xbtf-

\bpts bt ilm`2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑Bpts! m`~ joo`ss!’ jmsx`t`n _jmntj-

‑^tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj! ‑|bpts l~ ls ~k`m- _bn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` skblmh ~tl! l~ ojm xjl~-’

^k` htbp s~bbn p jmn js ~k`| x`t` k`jnlmh gbt ~k` `sojaj~bt nbxm ~b ~k` glts~ gabbt!

Njtaj s~pof k`t k`jn jtbpmn ~k` nbbt jmn sjln! ‑^kjmfs ^bm|! ojm |bp p~ ~k` ntlmfs bm j ~jd

gbt ps- Okj~ ~b |bp sbbm-’‑Bf hltas! kjw` gpm jmn ~k` ntlmfs jt` bm ~k` kbps`!’ sjln ^bm|-

%%%%%



Okj~`t :3

Js ~k` s`w`m gtl`mns k`jn`n gbt ~k` `sojaj~bt nbxm ~b ~k` glts~ gabbt! _jmntj jsf`n Njtaj!

‑Xk`t` jt` |bp hp|s jtf`n2’

‑Ojt jtf @ _pd)djsì`m~ :!’ tàl`n Njtaj- ‑Xk`t` jt` |bp ab~ jtf`n2’

‑Ojt jtf J A`wà 4!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

‑Lsm“~ Ojt jtf @ tbpmn ~k` djof bg ~k` skblmh o`m~t`2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑L~ ls- X`“aa i``~ |bp lm ~k` Njaklm Spd ojt jtf lm 43 ilmp~`s- L m``n ~b ijf` j tpm ~b

ilm` glts~ ~b lof p j gt`sk spa| bg Ojidjt jmn sbi`~klmh L kjw` j~ ilm`! xklok ij| d` bg

ps` ~b ps!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj- ‑Jmhà! Njil`à ~jf` ~k` djhs gtbi Mlds jmn _jmntj- X`“aa ojtt|

~kì js L fmbx bma| Sjpa“s ib~bt)dlf` kjs j db{- Db~k ~k` ib~bt)~tlf`s kjw` jasb hb~ db{`s jmn

ojtt|lmh m`~s-’

‑Bf! ~kjmfs Njtaj! Jmhà! Njil`à!’ sk` tàl`n kj|- _k` kjmn`n ~k` djhs ~b Jmhà

jmn Njil`à! xkb eps~ sila`n jmn xk`m ~k` htbp jttlw`n bm ~k` glts~ gabbt ^k` ^xlms gbaabx`n

Njtaj js sk` k`jn`n djof lm~b ~k` skblmh ijaa tb`t-

Mlds! _jmntj! Jds jmn lmj obm~lmp`n nbxm ~b ~k` htbpmn gabbt jmn k`jn`n bp~ bg ~k`

ijlm `m~tjmo` jmn tlhk~ nbxm ~k` bp~sln` bg ~k` ijaa t`)~tjolmh ~k`lt `jtal`t s~`s-

‑^kj~ xjs gpm!’ sk` sjln silalmh jmn xjaflmh kjmn)lm)kjmn xl~k k`t ~tp` abw` _jmntj-

‑^kj~ xjs!’ tàl`n ^lmj xkb alf` Mlds jmn _jmntj! xjs kbanlmh ~k` kjmn bg Jds- _k`hp`ss`n ~kj~ Jds i`jm~ slilajt ~b ^lmj jmn ~k` g`àlmh xjs t`~ptm`n-

‛ L ~klmf L ji d`hlmmlmh ~b pmn`ts~jmn xkj~ l~ i`jms ~b ~k s` ~kt`` jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hp|s

j~ ~k` jt~|! eps~ ~b d` j Hjmhtà jmn j Hl~k- ^k`| joo`~`n i` j~ gjo` wjap` jmn ~k`| h`m`tjaa|

nbm“~ s`ì ~b kjw` jh`mnjs xl~k `ba`- B~k`t ~kjm _jmntj jmn Sjpa! ~k`|“w` fmbxm i` glw`

nj|s jmn |`~ L g`à js lg L kjw` alw`n j alg` ~li` js ~k`lt gtl`mns-“

Xk`m ~k` htbp kjn t`jok`n ~k` nbbts lm~b ~k` alg~ jmn s~jlt abdd|! sk` psk`n ~k` nbpda`)

nbbts b`m! jmn d`gbt` ~k`| obpan sxlmh djof! jaa gbpt hltas jss`n ~ktbphk- _jmntj ~pof`n k`t

tlhk~ jti ~ktbphk k`t a`g~ jti! jmn ajo`n k`t k`jn bm k`t skbpan`t- _k` abbf`n j~ k`t k`jn jmn

sjx ~k` sila` bg kjlm`ss-

‑Alg~ bt s~jlts2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑_~jlts!’ _jmntj jmn k`t sjln ~bh`~k`t-

‑_~jlts l~ ls! ~k`m!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

Js ~k` gbpt hltas t`jok`n ~k` sòbmn gabbt! ~k`| jss`n j htbp bg aj~`)~``m `jta|)~x`m~l`s

i`m xjaflmh nbxm ~k` s~jlts gtbi j klhk`t a`wà-

‑\bp hltas a`sdljms2’ skbp~`n bm` bg ~k` hp|s--

‑_b xkj~ lg x` jt`!’ tàl`n Jds js sk` psk`n ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` a`wà b`m-



:30

‑X`“aa okjmh` ~kj~!’ jmb~k`t bm` sjln- ‑Obi` jmn ~t| sbi` t`ja obof-’

^lmj jmn k`t abbf`n j~ `jok b~k`t eps~ dpts~ bp~ ajphklmh jmn skbp~`n djof js ~k` nbbts

oabs`n-

‑Hp`ss xkj~ db|s- ^k`t` jt` ~xb t`ja obofs k`t`!’ sjln ^lmj jmn jabmh xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`

hltas eps~ dpts~ bp~ ajphklmh j~ ^lmj“s obii`m~-

Eps~ ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` nbbts js ~k`| x`t` sxlmhlmh djof! ~k` gbpt hltas s`jtj~`n xl~k

Mlds jmn _jmntj hblmh ~b bm` sln`! ^lmj jmn Jds ibw`n ~b s~jmn bm ~k` b~k`t- Db~k htbps

ijn` spt` ~kj~ lg ~k` nbbts b`m`n ~k`| xbpanm“~ h`~ kl~ d| ~k` bp~xjtn sxlmh- Jg~`t ~klt~|

sòbmns ~k` nbbts kjnm“~ b`m`n! jaa gbpt hltas s~jt~`n djof ~bxjtns xk`t` ~k`| kjn jtf`n ~k`

~xb dlf`s-

‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b ntlw` bt skjaa L2’ sk` jsf`n _jmntj xk`m ~k`| kjn jttlw`n djof j~ ~k`

dlf`s-

‑Nb |bp ilmn lg L nbm“~ ntlw` abw`! L flmn bg `meb|`n eps~ tlnlmh laalbm gbt bmo`-’

‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b ntlw` sx``~2’ jsf`n ^lmj js sk` s~bb`n ~b t`~tl`w` ~k` ls~ba ijhjulm`s

gtbi ~k` db{ pmn`t ~k` `~tba ~jmf-

‑^kjmfs kpm!’ tàl`n Jds jmn ~bbf ~k` f`|s xk`m ^lmj bgg`t`n ~kì- Jds ~k`m oalid`n

bm jmn flof)s~jt~`n ~k` `mhlm` jmn t`ww`n l~ js ~k` sjtf aphs glt`n-

_k` a`m~ bw`t ~k` gpà ~jmf jmn xj~ok`n js _jmntj b`m`n ~k` kln` pmn`t ~k` gpà ~jmf-

_jmntj saln bp~ ~k` `lhk~ ijhjulm`s jmn kjmn`n k`t! k`t gbpt ijhjulm`s xklok x`t` saln djof lm~b ~k`lt kbi` pmn`t k`t tlhk~ jti l~- ‑^kjmfs kpm!’ sk` sjln js _jmntj saln k`ts djof lm~b

~k`lt kban`t-

_jmntj s~bbn p jmn jaabx`n k`t ejof`~ ~b ntb bw`t ~k` ijhjulm` kban`t! jmn sk` kjmn`n

Mlds ~k` dlf` f`|s-

_k` ~k`m oalid`n bm jmn lms`t~`n ~k` f`| lm~b ~k` lhml~lbm ~ptmlmh l~ ~b ~k` bm bsl~lbm-

_k` ~k`m galof`n bp~ ~k` flof s~jt~ jmn tjii`n l~ nbxm- J~ ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` s~tbf` ~k` `mhlm`

ojphk~ jmn s~jt~`n ~ptmlmh bw`t- _jmntj eblm`n k`t js sk` dtbphk~ ~k` glmh`t ~ls bg k`t sml`t habw`s sb ~k`| obw`t`n k`t glmh`t~ls js ~k` s``ns ~k`| nln bm ~k` LOs jmn OXs i`jm~ k`t

kjmns xbpan gt`ù` xl~kbp~ ~kì-

Jds djof`n k`t dlf` bp~ bg ~k` dj| jmn xjl~`n gbt Mlds ~b eblm k`t lm ~k` ijlm ojt tbp~`)

xj|-

_k` djof`n bp~ bg ~k` dj| jmn ~k` jlt m`hb~lj~`n ~k` tbp~`)xj| k`jnlmh gbt ~k` nbxm

tji- ^k`| kjn ~b s~b jmn xjl~ pm~la glw` ojts! jaa ~tjwàalmh nbxm gtbi ~k` p`t a`wàs! kjn

jss`n ~kì- k` s obmn bg ~k` ojts xjs dajtlmh abpn bpajt _~t``~ Wblo` s~|a` ipslo gtbi l~s

s`jf`ts- Db~k ~k` dlf`s eblm`n ~k` obmwb| k`jnlmh gbt ~k` `{l~-

^k` nbxm tji ntb`n ~kì djof bm ~k` tbjn ~k`| kjn ps`n xk`m jttlwlmh! salhk~a|



j ajth` fl~ok`m xk`t` Njtaj xjs sbt~lmh bp~ ntlmfs- Lm ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` sbgjs jmn jtiokjlts xjs

j abx obgg`` ~jda` xl~k j hajss ~b! d`m`j~k ~k` hajss ~b xjs j skàg bm xklok x`t` j g`x

ijhjulm`s- M`{~ ~b ~k` nbbt bm ~k` mbt~k xjaa m`jt`s~ ~b ~k` djaobm| xjs j ajth` tbeò~bt

sot``m! jmn d`m`j~k l~ xjs j ojdlm`~ xklok obm~jlm`n jm `{`mslw`)abbflmh s~`t`b s|s~ì-

^lmj hb~ p jmn b`m`n ~k` nbbt m`jt`s~ ~k` bm` ~k`| kjn `m~`t`n ~k` alwlmh tbbi d|!

xklok t`w`ja`n j dj~ktbbi! gtbi xkj~ sk` obpan s`` ~k` gabbt xjs j ijtda`)`ggò~ almb- ^k`

fl~ok`m kjn slilajt `ggò~ dp~ abbf`n alf` abofdbjtns- Njtaj oji` djof lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi

ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k ~jaa ops bm! `jok bm` s~`jilmh- _k` ajo`n ~kì bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda` jmn

~bbf bm` k`tsàg- Njtaj ~k`m x`m~ ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt bbsl~` ~k` djaobm|! xklok t`w`ja`n j

sijaa`t tbbi al~ d| nli alhk~s- _k` obpan d` k`jtn tpiijhlmh jtbpmn lm ~k` tbbi bma| ~b t`)

j`jt ì~| kjmn`n! jmn abbflmh tj~k`t jmmb|`n-

‑Xkj~“s p Njtaj! abs~ sbi`~klmh2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑Mb~ abs~! Jds! ilsajo`n! |`jk-’ jmsx`t`n Njtaj-

‑Xkj~ |bp ilsajo`n2’ jsf`n ^lmj js sk` oji` bp~ bg ~k` dj~ktbbi-

‑J ob| bg WSI!’ jmsx`t`n Njtaj-

‑WSI2’ Mlds sl`n ~k` obgg`` jmn ~ptm`n k`t k`jn ~b abbf j~ Njtaj- ‑Nb |bp i`jm

Wlt~pja Sajm Ijf`t2’

‑\`jk w`tslbm 8! L jozplt`n j gpaa xbtflmh ob|! L“w` d``m i`jmlmh ~b dtlmh l~ bw`t ~b

|bpts gbt jh`s! eps~ m`w`t hb~ tbpmn ~b l~-’

‑L xbpanm“~ xbtt| Njtaj L tpm WSI w`tslbm ;- L“w` hb~ j otjof`n ob| jmn ~k` nlsf lijh`

bg ~k` btlhlmja bm i| 73)~`tjhlh kjtn ntlw`- Jabmh xl~k j kàa bg j ab~ bg b~k`t sbg~xjt` jmn

ipslo!’ sk` sjln-

‑Bf!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑L~ eps~ abbfs alf` x` jt` xjl~lmh bm ~k` ~xlms ~b jttlw` ~k`m- Xkj~ b~k`t

sbg~xjt` |bp hb~ Mlds2’

‑Abjns! jdbp~ kjag ~kj~ ntlw` jt` wjtlbps sbg~xjt` jofjh`s tjmhlmh gtbi ~k` aj~`s~ Dajof

Bgglo` ~b ~k` s~jmnjtn bgglo` spl~`s `w`t| obip~`t kjs lms~jaa`n jmn jdbp~ ~`m ~`tjhlhs ls ipslo

L“w` `l~k`t nbxmabjn`n! obl`n bt d``m hlw`m!’ sk` sjln jmn ~bbf jmb~k`t sl jmn ~k`m ajo`n

~k` op djof bm ~k` ~jda`-

‑^`m ~`tjd|~`s bg ipslo! ~kj~“s j ab~!’ sjln ^lmj- ‑Alf` xkj~2’ ^lmj lof`n p k`t op jmn

~bbf j ibp~kgpa- Jg~`t tàjolmh l~ sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm jmn tbaa`n j Ojidjt olhjt`~~`-

‑St`~~| ipok ibs~ h`mt`s `{o`~ ~k` optt`m~ OKI spbt~`n otj! j ab~ bg hbbn tbof!

Kj~ja! hl~klo! njtf d`j~ ~b mji` sbi`-’

‑Xk| kjw` |bp mb~ p~ ~kj~ ntlw` bm ~k` m`~xbtf2’ _jmntj nìjmn`n abbflmh pmkj|-

‑L“w` mb~ kjn ~k` ~li` ~b nb sb6 l~“s mb~ js `js| js |bp ij| ~klmf ~b nb- Gbt bm`! db~kntlw`s jt` kb~)sxjjda` jmn m``n ~b kjw` ~k` dj|s jo~pjaa| p~ lm~b j djs` pml~- ^k`m L m``n ~b

tpm ~k` sòptl~| joo`ss sbg~xjt` ~kj~ ls bma| bm i| ~jda`~-’



:3<

‑_òptl~| joo`ss sbg~xjt`2’ jsf`n ^lmj jg~`t sk` kjn al~ jmn ~jf`m j ntjx gtbi ~k`

Ojidjt olhjt`~~`-

‑\`jk L kjw` ~xb kjtn ntlw`s! j 73)~`tjhlh jmn j ?3- Db~k jt` `mot|~`n pmn`t ~kt``

a`wàs bg 43>;)Xd|~` `mot|~lbm- ^k` sbg~xjt` jaabxs jp~kbtlu`n ps`ts ~b kjw` pmli`n`n

joo`ss ~b db~k ntlw`s-’

‑43>;)Xd|~` `mot|~lbm- L ~kbphk~ ~kj~ a`wà xjs lm~`tmj~lbmjaa| laa`hja!’ sjln Jds-

_k` eps~ sila`n jmn mbnn`n! ‑\`s l~ ls! Jds! l~“s ~b~jaa| laa`hja! dp~ xk`m |bp kjw` jm

bggalm` ob| bg ~kt`` DajofM`~ gbtpi jmn m`xs sl~`s l~“s flmn bg wl~ja ~kj~ ~k`| jt` tb~ò~`n- J

obpa` bg Hkbs~s gtbi _bp~k J~looj jsf`n i` ~b abbf jg~`t ~k` bggalm` djofp bg ~k` sl~`s- L h`~

~k` djofp pnj~`s bmo` j ibm~k- ^k`| spal`n i` xl~k ~k` sòptl~| joo`ss sbg~xjt` jmn

`mot|~lbm- Xl~kbp~ fmbxlmh ~k` jnilmls~tj~bt jssxbtn! bg xklok ~k`t` jt` bma| gbpt! L kjw`

bm` xklok ls gbt~| okjtjo~`ts abmh! |bp ojm“~ pnj~` ~k` djofps- L~“s j jt~ bg ~k` DajofM`~“s

sòptl~| s|s~ì! jmn ~k` sbg~xjt` t`zplt`s |bp ~b okjmh` ~k` jssxbtn `w`t| obpa` bg ibm~ks-’

‑Njim |bp ips~ d` t`sò~`n lm ~k` Hkbs~ obiipml~|!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Mb L“i mb~! L“i jm pmfmbxm jmn ~kj~“s xkj~ tb~ò~s ~k` nj~j- Mb bm` `{o`~ ~k` djofp

sbg~xjt`! ~k` jnilmls~tj~bts! jmn ~kbs` lmoapn` ~k` ~xb hkbs~s xkb jsf`n i`! fmbx L `w`m kjw`

j ob| bg l~- L~“s ~k` s|s~ì ~kj~ ~k` Hkbs~M`~ jmn DajofM`~ ps` ~b tb~ò~ l~sàg gtbi obtbtj~`

lm~tpslbm-’ Mlds ~bbf j sl bg obgg`` jmn p~ ~k` iph djof bm ~k` ~jda`- ‑Lg j obtbtj~lbm xjs

jda` ~b ~jf` ~k` ijlm s`tw`ts nbxm l~ xbpan d` j ijsslw` dabx ~b ~k` obiipml~|- ^b tb~ò~jhjlms~ ~kj~ DajofM`~ jmn Hkbs~M`~ kjs j~ a`js~ glw` djof)p s`tw`ts jaa xl~k ipa~l ~kbpsjmn

obt` gldt` b~lo nj~j almfs ~b ~k` ijlm M`~ nb~~`n ~ktbphkbp~ ~k` xbtan! jmn mb bm` fmbxs xk`t`

jaa glw` jt` aboj~`n- L~ ls tpibpt`n! jmn L i`jm tpibpt`n ~kj~ ~k` Jojnì| kjs bm` djofp

s`tw`t- L kjw` mb ln`j lg ~kj~“s tlhk~ bt xtbmh- L~“s ~k` bm` ~klmh ~kj~ ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~s alf` ~b

f`` ls lmn``mn`mo` gtbi jaa bp~sln` obtbtj~` lmgap`mo`6 ~k` bma| obtbtj~lbms ~kj~ jt`

t`sò~`n jt` ~k` @okb ^òk jmn ~k` J^@O bm`s- Tììd`t ~kls! _~t``~ Hkbs~s jt`

lmn``mn`m~! ~k`| xbtf gbt xkb`w`t ~k`| xjm~ ~b! mb~ ~k` `ba` bt obts ~kj~ bgg`t ~k` ibs~ibm`| bt d`s~ `tfs- \bp h`~ ~k` bnn g`x! dp~ ~k`| jt` mbtijaa| sjajtl`n ~b j obtbtj~lbm bt

kjw` j s~tl`mn jln d| j g`x-’

‑\`jk! ~kj~ ls w`t| ipok alf` ~k` Hjmhtàs lm t`sò~s- X` bma| xbtf gbt ~kbs` xkb x`

t`sò~ jmn alf`!’ sjln _jmntj jmn kjn mbns bg jht`ì`m~ gtbi jaa t`s`m~-

Jg~`t ~`m ilmp~`s bg okj~~lmh! ~k` nbbt gtbi ~k` obttlnbt b`m`n jmn lm xjaf`n Jmhà jmn

Njil`à ojtt|lmh j obpa` bg sijaa tpofsjofs jmn sibflmh Ojidjt olhjt`~~`s- ^k`| kjn kj|

sila`s bm ~k`lt gjo`s! js pspja- _k` eps~ skbbf k`t k`jn salhk~a| jmn sila`n xbmn`tlmh! ‛xk| nb

~k`| m`w`t s`ì ~b abbf nbxm bt nlsjblm~`n-“

‑Mb tbdaìs L kb`! |bp ~xb!’ sjln Njtaj-



‑Mb!’ ~k`| db~k sjln! ‑K` jat`jn| kjn l~ djhh`n jmn t`jn| gbt lofp-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn ~b k`jt!’ tàl`n Njtaj! ‑Xk`m `w`t|bm`“s glmlsk`n ~k`lt ntlmfs a`~“s n`jt~

gbt Kbi` Djs`-’

‑\`jk a`~“s!’ sjln _jmntj jmn ^lmj ~bh`~k`t-

Jg~`t `w`t|bm` kjn glmlsk`n ~k`lt ntlmfs! ~k`| jaa hb~ t`jn| ~b a`jw`- Njtaj xjs ~k` ajs~ ~b

a`jw`6 okòflmh ~b ijf` spt` ~k` abof kjn glt`n xk`m sk` kjn oabs`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- ‑_bi`bm`

hblmh ~b tlmh Sjpa ~b ~àa kli x` jt` bm bpt xj|2’ sjln Njtaj-

Pbm t`joklmh ~k` alg~ abdd|! Njtaj t`ss`n ~k` ojaa dp~~bm- Jg~`t ~k` dàa kjn sbpmn`n!

~k` nbbts b`m`n ~b t`w`ja ~kt`` `ba` jat`jn| lm l~ sb `w`t|bm` otbxn`n lm jmn ~tjwàa`n nbxm

~b ~k` htbpmn gabbt xk`t` ~k` s`w`m gtl`mns hb~ bp~! jmn a`g~ ~k` tìjlmlmh ~kt`` `ba` hblmh bm

nbxm ~b ~k` pmn`thtbpmn ojt jtf-

Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` abdd| ~k` sòptl~| hpjtn xjs s~bbn bp~sln` sibflmh j

olhjt`~~`! sila`n j~ ~kì js ~k` jtbjok`n ~k` nbbt- _k` b`tj~`n ~k` psk kjmna` ~b b`m ~k`

nbbts! jmn a`~ `w`t|bm` bp~ ~k`m gbaabx`n ~kì bp~ lm~b ~k` `jta| `w`mlmh-

Bp~sln`! ~k` hpjtn jsf`n! ‑\bp kjwlmh j aj~` bm` ~bmlhk~2’

‑Stbdjda| N`tlof- Nln ~k` ~xlms hlw` |bp |bpt s~jsk2’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj-

‑\`jk ~k`| nln! ~kls s~pgg ls mlo`- Kjw` gpm ~k`m-’

Jaa ~k` hltas oalid`n bm ~k`lt dlf`s jmn sajii`n ~k` flof)s~jt~`ts nbxm- ^k` flof s~jt~

a`w`t“s lm~`tmja s`twbs dbbs~`n ~k` jo~lbm xklok g`n gpà wjbpt lm~b ~k` o|almn`ts! s`m~ ~k`

okjth` gtbi ~k` dj~~`t| ~b ~k` sjtf aphs xklok glt`n jmn gbto`n ~k` ls~bms nbxm xklok d`hjm

~k` o|oa`-

_jmntj“s wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì sj|lmh! ‑@w`t|bm` k`jt i`2’

‑\`s!’ oji` ~k` tà| gtbi `w`t|bm`-

‑Xklok tbp~`! LO? bt LO:2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑LO: pm~la Mbt~k _~`wtjm ~k`m ~k` ijlm tbjn gtbi l~ ~b X`s~ Nbofs Jtok Dtlnh`! ~k`m wlj

O`m~tja Nbxm ~bxm!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑L~“s ~k` tbp~` L mbtijaa| ps` ~b |bpts-’

‑Bf!’ sjln ^lmj-

Njtaj psk`n k`t ;03 Fjtujf djof! oabsà| gbaabx`n d| Jds xl~k ^lmj tlnlmh laalbm! ~k`m

Jmhà! s~laa ojtt|lmh ~k` tpofsjof! b`tj~`n ~k` s~lof sklg~ gbt k`t ib~bt)~tlf` jmn t`w`ts`n l~ bp~-

Njil`à gbaabx`n spl~ bm k`t ib~bt)~tlf`! ~k`m sk` psk`n _jmntj“s ib~bt)dlf` djof jmn

gbaabx`n ~k` b~k`ts k`jnlmh gbt LO:-

W`t| sbbm jaa ~k` ib~bt)dlf`s jmn ib~bt)~tlf`s x`t` jooà`tj~lmh p ~k` bmtji bg LO:-

Js sk` jtbjok`n 73 flabi`~t`s `t kbpt sk` mb~lo`n ~k` jp~b)h|tb kjn d``m nls`mhjh`n! sk`

~k`m t`)`mhjh`n ~k` jp~b)h|tb! xklok xbpan ijf` spt` ~kj~ lg jmn xk`m sk` kjn ~b obtm`t j~ ~k`s``ns sk` xbpan d` nblmh! l~ xbpan mb~ bw`t a`jm jmn s`mn db~k k`t jmn _jmntj jaa bw`t ~k` LO-

‑Njtaj kbx gjt d`gbt` x` `{l~ ~k` LO2’ sk` jsf`n bw`t ~k` obii- s|s~ì-



:::

‑83 flabi`~t`s tbphka|!’ oji` ~k` tà|-

^k` dlf`s s`n nbxm ~k` LO jtbjoklmh s``ns bg :73 ~b :83 FSK! jmn x`jwlmh ~ktbphk

~k` sabx`t ibwlmh ojts- J g`x ~li`s pslmh ~k` sln` bg ~k` LO xk`t` dtbf`m)nbxm ojts x`t`

spbs`n ~b hb jmn xjl~ gbt lofp d| ~k` dt`jfnbxm obijml`s- Js ~k`| `m~`t`n D`òk`s

Nls~tlo~! _k` ~kbphk~ ‛^kls ls gpm-“ _k` hajmolmh nbxm j~ ~k` s``nbi`~`t jmn sjx l~ xjs

t`jnlmh :83FSK- _k` jasb mb~lo`n ~k` gpà hjph` xjs eps~ bm ~k` t`n jt`j- ‑_jmntj! ~k` gpà ls

h`~~lmh abx!’ sk` sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

‑Bf kpm!’ oji` k`t tà|-

‑Jo~pjaa| ilm` ~bb!’ sjln Jds-

‑Bf l~“s mb~ gjt ~b LO: D`òk`s _`twlo`s xk`t` x` ojm s~b jmn glaa p!’ sjln Njtaj lm

t`sbms` ~b ~k` gpà lssp`s-

W`t| zplofa| ~k`| sjx ~k` slhm lmnloj~lmh s`twlo`s p jk`jn- Js jaa ~k` dlf`s x`t` lm ~k`

bp~sln` ajm` ~k`| jaa lmnloj~`n ~b otbss ~k` LO! sb ~k`| obpan g``n lm~b ~k` s`twlo`s bgg)tji-

^k`| sabx`n js ~k`| jss`n ~k` gjs~)gbbn ajo` jmn sxpmh bgg lm~b ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm xk`t` db~k

Jds jmn sk` s~b`n `l~k`t sln` bg bm` pi-

_jmntj oalid`n bgg! hjw` k`t j zplof flss jmn sjln! ‑Glaa l~-’

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln jmn oalid`n bgg! b`m`n ~k` gpà oj! ~k`m jsf`n bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm

s|s~ì! ‑Xkj~ gpà2’

‑Klhk S`tgbtijmo` kpm!’ oji` ~k` tà| xklok sk` sàò~`n d| htjddlmh ~k` mbuua` gtbi~k` pi- ^k`m sk` lms`t~`n l~ lm~b ~k` ~jmf jmn paa`n ~k` ~tlhh`t xklok s~jt~`n ~k` pi- Bm

~k` b~k`t sln`! Jds xjs nblmh ~k` sji`- ^lmj xjs s~bbn abbflmh j~ k`t silalmh-

_k` ~tl`n ~b hp`ss ~k` t`jsbm! dp~ oji` p xl~k ~bb ijm| jmsx`ts-

‑Ht`j~ lsm“~ l~! kl~~lmh :73)aps flabi`~t` `t kbpt jmn fmbxlmh ~kj~ |bp jt`m“~ hblmh ~b

abbs` obm~tba bg ~k` dlf`!’ sjln Jds-

‑^àa i` jdbp~ l~!’ sk` tàl`n! ~k`m jg~`t ~k` ~tlhh`t oalof`n djof bgg j g`x ~li`s sk`

tàjo`n l~ lm ~k` sab~ bm ~k` pi! ~k`m tàjo`n ~k` gpà oj jmn oalid`n djof bm! flof)s~jt~`n~k` dlf` jmn eblm`n Njtaj j~ ~k` sln` bg ~k` gpà flbsf-

Xk`m _jmntj kjn t`~ptm`n jg~`t j|lmh gbt db~k dlf`s gpà sk` eblm`n k`t tlnlmh laalbm

jmn sjln! ‑\bp jt` nblmh ht`j~ bp~ ~k`t`-’

‑^kjmfs kpm!’ sk` tàl`n jmn! js ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp jooà`tj~`n! sk` jooà`tj~`n jmn

tèblm`n ~k` tbjn ~kj~ xbpan a`jn ~kì djof ~b LO:- W`t| zplofa| jaa ~k` dlf`s x`t` jhjlm

x`jwlmh ~ktbphk ~k` ~tjgglo-

_k` jsf`n bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑Njtaj! xk`t`“s ~k` ~xlms2’

‑Obilmh d`klmn ps ntlwlmh ~tlf`s! ~k`| kjw`m“~ hb~ ~k` jdlal~| ~b x`jw` alf` x` kjw`-

^k`|“aa oj~ok ps p aj~`t- ^k`|“aa obm~lmp` bm LO: pm~la OX> s~jt~s jmn ~k`m ~k`|“aa op~ jotbss



::?

jasb jss`n j obpa` bg ajth` w`kloa` gjo~btl`s! ~k` glts~! aboj~`n bm ~k` sbp~k sln` bg ~k` tbjn!

bxm`n d| _ptjdjm Ib~bts ~k` w`kloa` ijmpgjo~ptlmh spdslnljt| bg Gbtn`m Lmobtbtj~`n jmn ~k`

b~k`t bm ~k` mbt~k sln` d| N\I Htbpmn- ^k` ab~s bp~sln` ~k` gjo~btl`s x`t` jof`n xl~k m`x

ojts jxjl~lmh nls~tldp~lbm ~b n`ja`ts jmn gtjmokls`s- Bp~ bg N\I Htbpmn oji` j w`kloa` ojttl`t

ojtt|lmh ~xàw` sijaa Kjsnj s~|a` ojts! xklok ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn k`jn`n gbt X`s~ Nbofs- ^k`

ntlw`t abbf`n tj~k`t jmmb|`n js sk` jss`n ~k` hltas! dp~ sk` nln sila` jmn xjw`-

Js ~k` dlf`s jtbjok`n ~k` ijlm tbjn xklok xbpan a`jn ~kì ~b ~k` ^tla` _ps`mslbm

Dtlnh`! ~k` sf| xjs dòbilmh bw`tojs~ xl~k njtf oabpns tbaalmh lm gtbi ~k` sbp~k x`s~- Js ~k`

jibpm~ bg alhk~ ntb`n ~k` bw`tk`jn alhk~s s~jt~`n ~b galof`t bm jmn ibt` jmn ibt` ojts

sxl~ok`n ~k`lt k`jnalhk~s bm- Jaa ~kt`` dlf`s sxl~ok`n ~k`lt k`jnalhk~s gtbi slnàlhk~s ~b ijlm

d`ji! jmn ~ptm`n a`g~ jotbss ~k` ijlm tbjn! js ~k` alhk~s ~kj~ xbpan kjw` s~b`n ~kì okjmh`n

~b t`n! jmn jooà`tj~`n nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` ^tla` _ps`mslbm Dtlnh`-

Js l~s mji` sphh`s~`n! ~k` dtlnh` kjn ~kt`` ~bx`ts! xkbs` ~b x`t` oabs` ~b j ~kbpsjmn

i`~`ts ~jaa- Tpmmlmh d`~x``m `jok ~bx`t x`t` ~xb ijsslw` obm~lmpbps ojda`s ~kj~ kjn sijaa`t

ojda`s obilmh gtbi l~ xklok jo~pjaa| spbt~`n ~k` tbjnxj| klhk `mbphk lm ~k` ilnna` ~b jaabx

~k` dlhh`s~ obm~jlm`t skls ~b jss `jsla| pmn`tm`j~k- J~ l~s klhk`s~ blm~ ~k` tbjn xjs >03

i`~`ts jdbw` ~k` tlw`t- ^k` `m~lt` dtlnh` xjs jlm~`n xkl~` jmn abbf`n lit`sslw`- Js ~k` hltas

jtbjok`n ~k` mbt~k`tm ~baa hj~`s jaa ~kt`` dlf`s sabx`n jmn s~b`n lm ~k` zp`p` ~kj~ xjs

xjl~lmh ~b jss- Jg~`t jdbp~ j ilmp~` Njtaj jln gbt jaa ~kt`` dlf`s! jmn xk`m ~k` djt kjn alg~`njaa ~k` dlf`s jooà`tj~`n nbxm ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` bg gaj~ tbjn d`gbt` ~k` tbjn d`hjm ~b sabxa|

tls`- Jg~`t kjag j ila` ~k` gbpt g``~ xln` sps`mslbm ojda`s j`jt`n gtbi ~k` ipa~l ~kbpsjmn

~bmm` obmot`~` djs`s jmn ~k`m ~k` mbt~k djmf bg ~k` tlw`t nlsj`jt`n lm jaibs~ j sk``t oalgg!

dàbx xjs j sijaa ~lnja sla~ d`jok- Js ~k` dlf`s jss`n ~ktbphk ~k` glts~ bg ~k` spbt~ ~bx`ts

bm` bg ~k` ijsslw` sp`t obm~jlm`t skls xjs jsslmh bm ~k` mbt~k sln` bg ~k` o`m~tja ~bx`t!

k`jnlmh bp~ bg X`s~ Nbofs ~bxjtns ~k` ^btju _`j- Bw`tk`jn x`t` ~xb ol~| balo` ob~`ts! bm`

k`jnlmh bw`t ~k` tlw`t gtbi ~k` sbp~k sln` jmn ~k` b~k`t xjs kbw`tlmh bm ~k` sbp~k sln` bg ~kìlnna` ~bx`t-

%%%%%

^k` ~xlms! ntlwlmh xl~klm ~k` s``n alil~s lm ~k` bp~sln` ajm` bg LO:! jss`n j obmwb| bg

~`m abx)abjn`ts `jok ojtt|lmh j xk`à`n jtibpt`n `tsbmja ojttl`t! obilmh bm~b ~k` LO gtbi

~k` epmo~lbm ~kj~ s`tw`n ~k` ol~|“s Mbt~k Jltglàn jmn bt~-

Jg~`t j xkla` ~k` ~xlms jss`n ~k` epmo~lbm xk`t` ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hltas a`g~ LO:! jmn

obm~lmp`n bm ~bxjtns ~k` LO: ~pmmà ~kj~ jss`n pmn`t ~k` tlw`t j~ l~s ibp~k- ^k`| fm`x ~kj~



djttlmh ijebt kban)ps! l~ xbpan ~jf` jdbp~ jmb~k`t >3 ilmp~`s ~b jm kbpt ~b t`jok kbi` djs`-

Js ~k` ~xlms jtbjok`n ~k` ~baa dbb~ks ~kj~ ijtf`n ~k` mbt~k`tm t`jok`s bg ~k` LO ~pmmà

~k`| lmnloj~`n jmn otbss`n lm~b ~k` gjs~ ajm`! js Njtaj kjn jln gbt ~kì ~b kjw` ~x`m~| ebptm`|s

~ktbphk ~k` ~pmmà jmn ~k`| kjn s~laa jmb~k`t :4 bm ~k` optt`m~ ~lof`~- ^k`| sjx ~k` sl{ abx)

abjn`ts ~kj~ Mlds jmn Njtaj kjn s``m js ~k`| a`g~ LO: jsslmh ~ktbphk ~k` ~baa hj~`s n`nloj~`n ~b

~tpofs jmn slilajt-

Njil`à sjln ~b Jmhà bw`t ~k`lt obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑I`m~lbm ~k` abx)abjn`ts ~b

Ils~t`ss xk`m x` m`{~ s`` k`t-’

‑\`jk! ~kj~“s xkj~! :7 abx)abjn`ts! jaa ojtt|lmh ~k` sji` xk`à`n JSOs!’ tàl`n Jmhà

js sk` jss`n ~k` ~baa hj~` jmn sabx`n ~b xjl~ gbt Njil`à ~b jss- Xk`m sk` kjn! db~k bg ~kì

jooà`tj~`n jmn `m~`t`n ~k` ~pmmà- Jg~`t jdbp~ ~xb flabi`~t`s bg ~pmmà ~k`| `{l~`n jmn sjx

gbpt w`kloa` abx)abjn`ts xl~k ~k` sji` abhbs js ~k` b~k`t abx)abjn`ts jtf`n p lm ~k` abmh

~`ti ojt jtf ~b ~k` `js~ bg ~k` LO! ~kls ~li` ojtt|lmh mb JSOs-

Njil`à ~kbphk~! ‛_~tjmh`-“ ‑Jmhà! a`~“s paa bgg j~ ~k` m`{~ epmo~lbm jmn xjl~ gbt ~k`

abx)abjn`ts x` sjx bm ~k` mbt~k sln` bg ~k` tlw`t ~b jss jmn gbaabx ~kì ~b ~k`lt n`s~lmj~lbm- L

xjm~ ~b fmbx xk`t` ~k`| jt` hblmh6 xl~k ~kbs` gbpt l~ ijf`s ~x`m~| w`kloa` ojttl`ts jaa xl~k ~k`

sji` abhb bm ~k` ~tjo~bt sln`- L ~klmf sbi`~klmh ijebt ls d`lmh ajmm`n-’

‑\`jk L ~klmf |bp ij| d` tlhk~! jmn Ils~t`ss nln sj| lg x` s`` sbi`~klmh bp~ bg ~k`

btnlmjt| x` jt` ~b ~t| jmn aboj~` `l~k`t ~k` sbpto` bt n`s~lmj~lbm-’

‑^kj~ sk` nln-’

^k` ~xlms paa`n bgg ~k` LO j~ ~k` m`{~ epmo~lbm jmn xjl~`n gbt ~k` abx)abjn`ts ~b jss

pmn`t ~kì6 ~k`| ~k`m jooà`tj~`n jmn tèblm`n ~k` LO jdbp~ sl{ ojts d`klmn ~k` ajs~ abx)abjn`t-

^k` ~xlms f`~ ~k`lt nls~jmo` sb js mb~ ~b ja`t~ ~k` ntlw`ts ~kj~ ~k`| x`t` d`lmh gbaabx`n! js ~k`|

~bbf ~k` epmo~lbm j~ ~k` s~jt~ bg OX8- ^k`| obm~lmp`n ~b gbaabx ~k` w`kloa`s pm~la ~k`| a`g~ OX8!

~ptm`n a`g~! jmn js ~k` abx)abjn`ts ~ptm`n a`g~ ~bxjtns Xjof`t Lmobtbtj~`n ol~| k`jnzpjt~`ts!

~k` ~xlms obm~lmp`n ~b ntlw` jabmh ~k` ijlm tbjn pm~la ~k`| t`jok`n ~k` `mn xk`t` ~k`| k`jn`n

gbt Kbi` Djs`-

%%%%%

^k` glw` hltas obm~lmp`n bm ~k` ijlm tbjn jg~`t ~k` ^tla` _ps`mslbm dtlnh` pm~la ~k`|

t`jok`n ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ ~k`| xbpan kjw` d``m bm lg ~k`| kjn ~jf`m X`s~ Nbofs Jtok Dtlnh`-

K`t` ~k`| ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn gbaabx`n ~k` ijlm tbjn! pm~la l~ dòji` j sòbmnjt| tbjn- ^k`|

obm~lmp`n bm pm~la l~ glmlsk`n j~ j ^)epmo~lbm xk`t` ~k`| ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn k`jn`n gbt Kbi` Djs`-

%%%%%



‑Glw` ilaalbm aps j ilaalbm dbmps ilmlipi!’ sk` sjln lm t`sbms` ~b Sjpa“s zp`s~lbm-

‑\bp jt`! flnnlmh- Jt`m“~ |bp!’ oji` Sjpa“s t`sbms`-

‑Mb x` jt` mb~!’ sk` sjln- _k` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP jmn bx`t`n l~ p- Jg~`t l~ kjn glmlsk`n

dbb~lmh sk` b`m`n M`~Wl`x`t jmn okòf`n Mlof“s ~xb tsbmja M`~Ijla joobpm~s- Bm` xjs

gbt Mlof“s ban gìlmlm` `tsbmj jmn k`t ban ijlm joobpm~ gbt Mlof- _k` kjn j g`x ebptmjas

ìjla`n ~b ~k`s` joobpm~s tj~k`t ~kjm k`t Hkbs~M`~ joobpm~-

‑_kl~! Hjt|“s j~ ~tjlmlmh ~kls `w`mlmh! jmn kjs j g`x `ttjmns ~b tpm gbt kls gj~k`t

~bibttbx!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑Jm| ln`j kbx abmh ~k` `ttjmns xlaa ~jf` kli ~bibttbx2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑K` ~klmfs ibs~ bg ~k` ibtmlmh! dp~ k` skbpan d` gt`` lm ~k` jg~`tmbbm-’

‑Jk! tlhk~! x` ojm nb sbi` t`s`jtok lm ~k` ibtmlmh jmn L kjw` j g`x ebds ~b nb jm|xj|!

alf` sòpt` ~k` m`~xbtf jmn lms~jaa i| ntlw`s sb x` ojm h`~ ~b i| t`s`jtok xbtf! xklok ij|

tbw` ps`gpa jmn js ls i| tlhk~ js j kban t bg j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ Alo`mo`! ~b phtjn` ~k`

jssbolj~` s~j~ps bg ~k` Wl{`ms ~b j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ ^`ji!’ Mlds sjln-

@w`t|bm` abbf`n j~ k`t lm js~bmlski`m~ j~ k`t s~j~ì`m~-

‑Nbm“~ |bp tììd`t i` sj|lmh L xjs ~klmflmh bg hblmh lm~b gt`àjmo` xbtf2’

‑\`jk L nb!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑\`jk L kjn j ebd bgg`t gtbi Njil`m Oji`tbm! a`jn`t bg ~k` Oji`tbm Tjln`ts xk`m L

kjn glmlsk`n obaa`h`-’

‑X`t` |bp hblmh ~b joo`~2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑L nbm“~ fmbx! l~ xjs n``mn`m~ bm ~k` obtbtj~` bgg`t xklok L xjs klhka| alfà| ~b h`~ j~

~k` `mn bg i| obaa`h` obpts` xklok xjs jaibs~ o`t~jlma| ~b d` `l~k`t sbi`~klmh obip~`t)

tàj~`n bt àò~tbmlos djs`n obpts`-’

‑Kbx obi` |bp kban j gpaa alo`mo` ~kbphk2 \bp“t` bma| ~k` sji` jh` js ps!’ jsf`n Sjpa-

‑Oji`tbm Tjln`ts! L xjs jnw`t~lslmh i| s`twlo`s js j gt`àjmo` kbi` sòptl~| obmspa~jm~

jmn xjs obm~jo~`n d| j Njil`m Oji`tbm6 k` jsf`n i` lg L xbpan ~`s~ ~k` sòptl~| s|s~ì lm kls

kbi`- Gtbi ~k` lml~lja sptw`|! L gbpmn j obpa` bg x`jf sb~s jmn ~k`m xk`m L nln dt`jf lm! L

gbpmn glw` ijebt tbdaìs lm kls kbps`“s bw`tjaa sòptl~| htln-’ Mlds ~bbf k`t ~lm bp~ jmn tbaa`n

j Ojidjt olhjt`~~`! ‑L ~k`m xtb~` j t`bt~ bm ~k` sòptl~| htln jmn js i| mbtija xbtflmh

tjo~lo`! L bgg`t`n ~b phtjn` l~ j~ glw` n ofs `t kbpt aps ~k` obs~ bg jt~s- K` joo`~`n i|

bgg`t! jmn xk`m L ~ptm`n p ~b s~jt~ ~k` phtjn` ~kj~“s xk`m x` i`~ gbt ~k` glts~ ~li`! p ~b ~kj~

blm~ x` kjn d``m ìjlalmh jok b~k`t- Jg~ t ~k` phtjn` ebd xjs glmlsk`n k` jsf`n j obpa` bg

kls gtl`mns! db~k `{`tl`mo`n hkbs~s! ~b ~t| jmn otjof ~k` m`x sòptl~| s|s~ì- ^k`| gjla`n

d`gbt` ~k`| `w`m hb~ lm~b ~k` kbps ! jmn l~ xjs j~ ~kj~ blm~ k` bgg`t`n ~b iab| i` js jt`s`jtok`t! k` jasb lm~tbnpo`n i` ~b ~k` t`s~ bg kls ~`ji- Ibs~ bg xklok L s~laa f`` lm (sìl(

obm~jo~ xl~k! L skbpan ìjla ~kì w`t| sbbm jmn a`~ ~kì fmbx L ji jdbp~ ~b s~jt~ lm ~k` dlu-



::8

Jg~`t ~k` ebd k` ìab|`n i` gbt glmlsk`n! sbi` bg ~k` ~`ji eps~ ntb`n bgg ~k` gjo` bg ~k`

ajm`~ djt ìjla! dp~ ~k | jaa sjln lg ~k`| w`t xbtf lm _ptjdjm bt xk`t` w`t L xjs j~ obaa`h`!

~k`| xbpan obm~jo~ i` jmn lg L xjs ban `mbphk bgg`t i` xbtf js j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~-’

^lmj hb~ p jmn x`m~ ~b sbt~ bp~ ~k` obgg``s- _jmntj! xkb kjn tbaa`n j Ojidjt Olhjt`~~`

bgg`t`n l~ ~b Mlds xkb skbx`n k`t k`ts-

_k` ~k`m obm~lmp`n! ‑I| ebd xl~k ~k` Tjln`ts xjs ~b obmnpo~ sl~` jss`ssi`m~s!

djofhtbpmn glmjmolja t`s`jtok jmn jaa ijmm`t bg b~k`t ~`nlbps ~jsfs! xklok L kjn jat jn| d` m

nblmh gbt j obpa` bg |`jts! k`mo` kbx L i`~ ~k` ~xb gtbi _bp~k J~looj! jmn d` jm `{~tj s`~ bg

`|`s bm ~k` bp~sln` xk`m ~k` tjln xklok ~k`| xk`t` ajmmlmh x`m~ nbxm-’ Mlds ~bbf jmb~k`t

ntjx jmn `{àa`n ~k` sibf`! ‑Bm` bg Njil`m“s ~`ji xjs sb lit`ss`n d| i| xbtf k` bgg`t`n

~b phtjn` i| jssbolj~` s~j~ps ~b j gpaa alo`ms` jmn k` jasb hjw` i` j hlg~! mjià| jm

`{`tli`m~ja ~jda`~ obip~`t! pa~tj)alil~`n lssp`! bma| s`w`m ~jda`~s bg ~kls sò `{ls~`n js bg

~kj~ ~li`! jmn L nbm(~ ~klmf ~kj~ mpid`t kjs hbm` p- ^k` hp| jasb sjln ~kj~ xk`m ~k` ~li` xjs

tlhk~ k` kjn jmb~k`t hlg~ gbt i`- Hbn fmbxs kbx k` hb~ kban bg ~k` ~jda`~! jmn L nbm“~ ojt`- ^k`

obijm| ~kj~ ijn` l~ tbnpo`s j Npja tbo`ssbt w`tslbm gbt h`m`tja sja`! dp~ mb~ ~k` ~tla`)

tbo`ssbt w tslbm L xjs hlw`m! ~k` hp| sjln k` kjn s~ba`m j obpa` xklas~ bm j ilsslbm k` kjn

nbm` d`gbt` k` i`~ i`-’ _k` ~k`m lof`n p ~k` iph jmn ~bbf j sl bg obgg`` ~kj~ ^lmj kjn

ajo`n bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda` lm gtbm~ bg ~k` htbp! jmn obm~lmp n! ‑k` a g~ ~k` Tjln`ts eps~ jg~`t ~k`

ilsslbm xjs obia`~`n! dp~ k` nln sj| ~b i` ~b f`` i| `|`s jmn `jts b`m! jmn ~kj~ k` xbpan d` lm obm~jo~ jhjlm xk m ~k` ~li` xjs tlhk~- K` ìjla`n i` j obpa` bg ibm~ks aj~`t jmn jsf`n

i` ~b nb sbi` t`s`jtok lm~b j ~jth`~ kls optt`m~ ~`ji x`t` ajmmlmh ~b flnmj! ~kj~“s ~k` ajs~

~li` L k`jtn gtbi kli- I| als~lmh bm Hkbs~M`~ sj|s gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ dtjof`~s jssbolj~` pm~la L

ji :;! jmn i| dlt~knj| ls eps~ pmn`t j ibm~k jxj|! dp~ L kjw` jaa ~k` tlwla`h`s jssbolj~`n xl~k

kjwlmh j gpaa hkbs~ alo`ms`! `-h- L ojm sbmsbt jssbolj~`s sb ~k`| ojm phtjn` ~k`lt alo`ms`s ~b

gpaa alo`ms`s! jmn lg L xjm~`n L obpan d` ìab|`n js j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~-’

‑Kàa! |bp t`jaa| jt` j `tsbm bg ijm| nlgg`t`m~ jsò~s!’ sjln _jmntj xkb hjw` k`t j flssbm ~k` gbt`k`jn jmn smphha`n nbxm lm~b k`t jti-

‑^kj~ L nb jht`` xl~k! sls!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑m`w`t~kà`ss |bp jt` s~laa w`t| xàobi`! jmn L

~klmf |bp ij| hlw` ~k` Wl{`ms jm `nh` x` nlnm“~ kjw` d`gbt`-’

_k` mb~lo`n ~k` `wla htlm ~kj~ st`jn jotbss Sjpa“s gjo`-

‑Nb`s jm|bm` kjw` jm| tbdaì xl~k i` lms`t~lmh i| ntlw`s jmn phtjnlmh ~k` m`~xbtf

k`t`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb! L kjw` mb tbdaì xl~k |bp nblmh l~- L kjn ajmm`n ~b dp~ m`w`t hb~ jtbpmn ~b l~!’

sjln Sjpa- ^lmj jasb mbnn`n k`t jtbwja ~b k`t t`zp`s~

‑\bp xjm~ sbi` kà xl~k l~ kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-



‑\`jk! bf!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑\bp ojm s~jt~ d| h`~~lmh i` i| ~xb sijaa tpofsjofs a`js`! jmn

d` ojt`gpa xl~k ~kì-’

_k` x`m~ bw`t ~b ~k` obip~`t jmn sj~ nbxm lm gtbm~ bg l~- _k` ~k`m ilmlilu`n jaa ~k`

b`m nlsaj| ajm`s! b`m`n ~k` obm~tba ajm`- _k` ~k`m sàò~`n jmn b`m`n ~k` lobm ~kj~

dtbphk~ p ~k` als~ bg l~ìs lm ~k` s|s~ìs- J zplof wl`x bg ~k` ijlm s|s~ì ~ban k t xkj~ ~k`

s|s~ì optt`m~a| kjn j Nlhl~ja Nj~j Ntlw` +NNN, ntlw`! bm` 0 ~`tj)hlh klhk s``n aj~~`t ntlw`-

^k` htjklos ojtn xjs hbbn! ~k` sbpmn ojtn xjs mb~ djn! dp~ l~ obpan kjw` d``m d`~~`t- _jmntj

t`~ptm`n ojtt|lmh db~k ~k` tpofsjofs sk` kjn t`zp`s~`n-

_k` jsf`n! ‑Sjpa! |bp m``n jm|~klmh sjw`n d`gbt` L lms~jaa ~k` ntlw`s2’

‑Mb! nb xkj~ |bp m``n ~b! bk6 _jtjk sj|s sk` kb`s |bp `meb|`n ~k` Kjtalzpjmls Ijaa2’

Sjpa tàl`n-

‑L nln ~kjmfs-’ _k` ~k`m ~ptm`n bgg ~k` djs` pml~! jmn bma| xk`m l~ kjn glmlsk`n ~k` skp~

nbxm nln sk` fm`à nbxm sb sk` obpan paa ~k` djs` pml~ bp~- _jmntj jasb fmà~ abbflmh lm~b ~k`

tpofsjofs jg~`t sk` kjn ajo`n ~kì db~k d`sln` k`t- _k` b`m`n ~k` bm` ~kj~ obm~jlm`n k`t

wjtlbps ~bba xjaa`~s! jmn tìbw`n j sijaa ~bba xjaa`~- _k` b`m`n l~ jmn tìbw`n bm` bg ~k`

otbss k`jn`n sot`xntlw`t dl~s jmn k`jns jabmh xl~k j tj~ok`~ kjmna` xklok sk` ps`n ~b tìbw`

~k` sot`xs ~kj~ kàn ~k` obip~`t(s obw`t bm- Xk`m ~k` ojs` xjs pmnbm` sk` tìbw`n l~

obia`~à| jmn ajo`n l~ d`sln` ~k` obip~`t n`sf- _k` ~k`m tìbw`n ~xb bg ~k` gtbm~ jmàs

jmn ~k` i`~ja jmàalmh xklok xjs aboj~`n eps~ d`klmn- Xk`m sk` kjn tìbw`n ~k` gtbm~ jmàs

jmn ~k` i`~ja! sk` b`m`n ~k` b~k`t tpofsjof jmn ~bbf bp~ ~k` ~xb ntlw` dj|s! db~k bg xklok

x`t` obmmò~`n d| j nj~j ojda` jmn j bx`t sal~~`t-

‑Xkj~ jt` |bp nblmh kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

_k` abbf`n j~ _jmntj“s gjo` xklok xjs bm` bg d`lmh w`t| lm~`t`s~`n lm xkj~ sk` xjs

nblmh jmn kbx sk` nln l~- ‑Okòflmh ~k` bsl~lbm bg ~k` bt~ xk`t` L xlaa d` aphhlmh ~k` nj~j

ojda` lm~b-’

‑Bf- Xkj~ ls lm ~k` b~k`t djhs jmn xjaa`~s2’

‑Wjtlbps l~ìs L kjw` dbphk~ jozplt`n bt obms~tpo~`n-’ _k` ~k`m pmnln ~k` ~xb sot`xs

~kj~ kjn kàn ~k`m lm k`t ban obip~`t! sk` ~k`m saln ~k` ~xb obia`~` ntlw` dj|s lm~b ~k` b`m

dj|s bm ~k` obip~`t- Xk m ~k` ntlw` dj|s x`t` gpaa| lm! sk` lms t~`n ~k` sot`xs lm~b ~k`

m`xa|)lms~jaa`n dj|s! jmn sk` ~k`m sot`x`n ~kì db~k p ~lhk~ sb ~k` dj|s xbpanm“~ obi` bp~-

Jg~`t ~k`| x`t` sòpt`n lm ~k` obip~`t sk` obmmò~`n ~k` bx`t sal~~`t lm~b bm` bg ~k` gt``

bx t ojda`s ~kj~ kpmh gtbi j slaw`t db{ aboj~`n j~ ~k` djof jmn ~b bg ~k` obip~`t- ‑^kls

ojda` tbwln`s ~k` ntlw`s xl~k bx`t-’ Jg~`t ijflmh spt` ~kj~ ~k` nj~j ojda` xbpan t`jok ~k`

bsl~lbm bm ~k` ijlm oltopl~ dbjtn jmn mb~ d` ~jphk~! sk` psk`n ~k` nj~j ojda` lm~b ~k` gt`` sab~jmn ijn` spt` ~kj~ l~ ~bb xbpan mb~ obi` bp~ d| jooln`m~-

‑Xkj~ ls ~kj~2’ jsf`n _jmntj jmn sk` blm~`n j~ ~k` htjklos ojtn-



~k` m`x ntlw`s s~laa xbtf`n! jmn kjn d``m lof`n p d| ~k` obip~`t jmn b`tj~lmh s|s~ì- sk`

~k`m t`jok`n bw`t! pmoal`n ~k` ~jda`~ gtbi l~“s tòkjth` dj|! lof`n l~ p! jmn pslmh ~k` s~|aps

xklok sk` ~bbf gtbi l~“s kba`! b`m`n ~k` m`~xbtf b~lbms sot``m- _k` ~k`m sàò~`n N`~ò~ m`x

m`~xbtfs lm ~k` jt`j dp~~bm- ‑Kpm ojm |bp b`m ~k` M`~Wl`x`t jmn!’ Mlds jps`n gbt ~kbphk~

gbt j g`x sòbmns jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑hb ~b Gjwbtl~`s jmn sàò~ Dajof M`~ Ijla _`tw`t! jmn ~àa i`

kbx ijm| m`x i`ssjh`s L kjw`2’

‑Bf-’

Js ~k` n`~ò~lbm tbht`ss kjn glmlsk`n- _k` ajo`n ~k` ~jda`~ nbxm bm k`t aj! jmn ~ptm`n

~b ~k` kbps`“s obip~`t jmn sàò~`n ~k` ijlm ntlw`6 sàò~`n tb`t~l`s xklok sk` ~k`m

okjmh`n ~b m`~xbtf t`jn"xtl~` jmn oalof`n ‛Ja| m`x s`~~lmhs“-

_k` lof`n p ~k` ~jda`~! ~k`m sàò~`n xl~k ~k` s~|aps! ~k` kbps` m`~xbtf! jmn t`ss`n ~k`

sot``m xl~k k`t glmh`t! xklok b`tj~`n ~k` bf dp~~bm jmn obmmò~`n ~k` ~jda`~ xl~k ~k` kbps`

m`~xbtf- _k` ~k`m klhkalhk~`n _òptl~|Joo`ss-~hu jmn obl`n l~ ~b ~k` ijlm obip~`t“s ijlm

ntlw`! xk`m ~k` gla` kjn glmlsk`n ob|lmh! sk` ~ptm`n djof ~b ~k` ijlm obip~`t sàò~`n ~k` gla`

jmn b`m`n l~- ^k` gla` b`m`n lm~b j m`x xlmnbx! xk`t` sk` sàò~`n ~k` `{~tjo~ b~lbm jmn a`~

~k` gla` `{~tjo~ ~b l~s bxm nltò~bt|- Xkla` ~k` gla`s x`t` d`lmh `{~tjo~`n! sk` als~`m`n ~b ~k`

obmw`tsj~lbm ~kj~ xjs kj`mlmh jtbpmn ~k` obgg`` ~jda`-

‑Nb`s jm|bm` fmbx lg ^bi ls j spd bt bg ~kj~ lmoalmj~lbm2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑L ~klmf k` ij| d`!’ tàl`n Jds-

‑Ii!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj! ‑L~ ij| d` gpm ~b ~tjlm j ija`- L“w` mb~ kjn j ijm jmn L fmbx

L“i dl jmn L jasb fmbx ~kj~ ~k` ~xlms xbpan `meb| kàlmh-’ _k` sjx Njtaj abbf j~ ~k` ~xlms

xkb ~b k`t ilmn sila`n `w`m ibt`! l~ s`ì`n-

Db~k Jmhà jmn Njil`à sjln! ‑L~ xbpan d` ab~s bg gpm Ils~t`ss-’

‑Nb`s jm|bm` fmbx kls kbm` mpid`t2’

_k` a`jm~ bw`t jmn xkls`t`n lm _jmntj“s `jt! ‑^bi xbpan abw` l~-’

‑L d`~ k` xbpan- Kjw` |bp hb~ kls mpid`t2’

‑L kjw`!’ sk` sjln jmn sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP! b`m`n ~k` kbm` dbbf jmn sàò~`n H-

xk`m ~k` jh` xjs abjn`n sk` sàò~`n ^bi! xklok b`m`n ~k` obm~jo~ jh` jmn sk` ~k`m

jss`n l~ ~b Njtaj-

Njtaj abbf`n spttls`n xk`m sk` jss`n ~k` SNP bw`t- Bma| xk`m Njtaj kjn abbf`n j~

~k` sot``m! nln sk` t`jals`n xkj~ sk` xjs nblmh! ‑^kjmfs Mlds-’ Njtaj obl`n kls kbm` mpid`t

lm~b k`t kbm` jmn jss`n ~k` SNP djof ~b k`t-

‑Kbx ijm| m`~ijlas2’ Mlds jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Mbm`! kpm!’ tàl`n _jmntj-‑Bf-’ _k` ~k`m x`m~ djof ~b ~k` obip~`t jmn nbpda` oalof`n ~k` ijlm lms~jaa`t tbhtji

xklok dtbphk~ p ~k` lms~jaa sot``m- _k` oalof`n m`{~ jmn ~|`n lm k`t >3)okjtjo~`t



:4:

jakjmpi`tlo jssxbtn jmn kl~ ~k` `m~`t dp~~bm- ^kls jo~lbm ~bbf ~k` lms~jaa`t ~b ~k` m`{~ sot``m!

skbxlmh ~k` tbht`ss djt jmn xklok gla`s xk`t` d`lmh obl`n! j~ sbi` blm~s ab~s bg wjtlbps

gla`s x`t` d`lmh obl`n! j~ b~k`ts bma| bm` gla` xklok ~bbf j g`x sòbmns ~b ob| jmn lms~jaa-

Jg~`t ~k` tbht`ss djt kjn glmlsk`n ~k` obip~`t jp~bij~lojaa| t`dbb~`n l~sàg- Xk`m l~ kjn

glmlsk`n t`dbb~lmh sk` b`m`n ~k` 73 ~`tj)hlh ntlw` lm ~k` ntlw` dtbxs`t jmn nbpda` oalof`n ~k`

gla` mji`n M`~xbtf_òptl~|-obi! l~ xbpan d` ~kls tbhtji ~kj~ sòpt`n ~k` m`~xbtf gtbi

bp~sln` joo`ss- _k` fm`x kbx abmh l~ ~bbf sòptlmh ~k` m`~xbtf j~ k`t ban kbi`- ^kls obip~`t

ls mb xk`t` m`jt ~k` s``n sk` kjn joo`ss ~b l~ xbpan ~jf` j xkla` ~b tpm js l~ xbpan sòpt` `jok

jmn `w`t| bt~ bm ~k` `m~lt` s|s~ì- ^k` tbhtji xbpan jasb sojm ~k` jt`j gbt fmbxm pml~s jmn

sòpt` ~kbs` ~bb- Mlds sbf` bw`t ~k` h`m`tja obmw`tsj~lbm! ‑Ntlmfs jm|bm`2’

‑\`jk ~kjmfs!’ jaibs~ `w`t|bm` tàl`n-

_k` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m! t`glaa`n ~k` obgg`` òpaj~bt jmn ijn` j gt`sk b~

bg obgg``-

Jg~`t ~k` m`~xbtf sòptl~| kjn glmlsk`n! sk` ~ptm`n bgg ~k` obip~`t jmn ajo`n ~k` ~jda`~

bm s~jmnd| lm l~s otjna` jmn eblm`n `w`t|bm` jtbpmn ~k` obgg`` ~jda` okj~~lmh! xklok x`m~ bm

pm~la ~k` `jta| kbpts bg ~k` ibtmlmh-

Jtbpmn 4)lsk `w`t|bm` sjln mlhk~ jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k`lt t`sò~lw` d`ns- Js Jds! ^lmj!

Sjpa! Mlds jmn _jmntj a`g~ ~k` alwlmh tbbi Njtaj ntjhh`n bp~ ~k` _bgj d`n jmn nph bp~ ~k`

d`nnlmh gtbi pmn`t ~k` b~k`t sbgj- Mlds jmn _jmntj pmnt`ss n! jmn ~k`| db~k oalid`n lm~b d`n jmn gàa lm~b j sbpmn kj|

sa``! nt`jilmh a`jsjm~ nt`jis ~kj~ mlhk~-



:40

@^J-’

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln! ‑okj~ ~b |bp sbbm-’ _k` ~k`m nlsobmmò~`n ~k` SNP- ‑Ojm sbi`bm` jss

i` i| ~jda`~ jmn ajo` i| aj~b bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda` blm~lmh j~ ~k` sot``m a`js`2’

‑Bk xk|2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑Skb~bs gbt |bpt _~t``~ Hkbs~ m`~ jh`- Jaa gpaa alo`mo` kban`ts m``n ~b kjw` j kb~b- L~“s

j sòptl~| okòf jmn jaabxs gbt ln`m~lgloj~lbm skbpan sbi`~klmh kj`m bm j ilsslbm-’

Jmhà jss`n k`t! k`t ~jda`~! xklok kjn d``m d`sln` ~k` obip~`t jmn _jmntj ajo`n ~k`

aj~b bm ~k` obgg`` ~jda` gjolmh ~k` sot``m- _k` ~ptm`n ~k` ~jda`~ bm- ‑Xkb“s glts~ gbt ~k`lt

kb~bs2’

‑L“aa hb glts~!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑_~jmn lm gtbm~ bg ~k` sot``m!’ sk` sjln xk`m ~k` ~jda`~ kjn glmlsk`n l~s dbb~ s`zp`mo` jmn

kjn abjn`n ~k` tìb~` obm~tba jmn wl`x`t gbt ~k` aj~b“s lmdpla~ M`~Oji- _k` ~j`n ~k` aj~b

sot``m j obpa` bg ~li`s nbxm ~b jneps~ ~k` jmha` bg ~k` aj~b sot``m xjs j~- Bm db~k ~k` ~jda`~

sot``m jmn aj~b sot``m oji` jm lijh` bg _jmntj s~jmnlmh lm gtbm~ bg j xkl~` djofhtbpmn- ^k`

~jda`~ jasb skbx`n j db{ xklok spttbpmn`n _jmntj“s k`jn jmn p`t skbpan`ts- _k` ~k`m ~j`n

~k` ~jda`~ jmn j oalof sbpmn oji` gtbi ~k` aj~b“s s`jf`ts js ~k` kb~b xjs ~jf`m-

‑M`{~!’ sk` sjln jmn Sjpa s~bbn lm gtbm~ bg ~k` sot``m jmn jhjlm ~k` oalof xjs k`jtn js ~k`

kb~b xjs ~jf`m- L~ ~bbf j obpa` bg ilmp~`s gbt w`t|bm` ~b d` kb~b`n- _k` ~k`m sj~ djof

nbxm bm ~k` sbgj jmn abhh`n lm~b k`t _~t``~ Hkbs~ m`~ joobpm~- _k` ~k`m oalof`n ~k` almf ~b ~kòt`j~` gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ jh` jmn `m~`t`n k`t m`x abh)lm lm~b ~k` sbmsbt db{ jmn obl`n l~ sb ~b

sjw` ~li` xk`m sk` ot`j~`n `w`t|bm`“s joobpm~- ‑Bf `w`t|bm` ~klmf bg kbx |bp xbpan n`sotld`

|bptsàg sflaas)xls`! jmn kbx ipok `{`tl`mo` |bp kjw` kjn js Wl{`ms jmn Hjmhtàs-’

’_jmntj! nb |bp xjm~ ~b hb glts~2’

‑Bf! kpm!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj jmn ~bbf ~k` ~jda`~ xk`m sk` jss`n l~ ~b k`t-

‑Jasb d` kbm`s~- \`jk! ~kj~ sbi`~klmh às` _~t``~ Hkbs~s nbm“~ h`m`tjaa| al`! jmn lg ~k`|

nb ~k`lts j t`jsbm xk|-’Jg~`t _jmntj! ^lmj x`m~ m`{~! jmn js ^lmj glmlsk`n! j fmbof xjs k`jtn gtbi ~k` gtbm~

nbbt- Jmhà xjaf`n bw`t ~b l~ jmn b`m`n l~- _~jmnlmh bm ~k` b~k`t sln` xjs ~k` Sluuj db|

ojtt|lmh glw` ajth` luuj db{`s! ‑Sluujs!’ sjln ~k` db| lm j sbp~k`tm N`pi joo`m~-

‑\`jk ~kjmfs!’ sjln _jmntj xkb xjaf`n bw`t ~jflmh k`t pts` bp~ jmn b`mlmh l~- ‑F``

~k` okjmh`-’ _jmntj ~bbf ~k` luuj db{`s! sk` ~k`m skp~ ~k` nbbt js ~k` db| t`~t`j~`n nbxm ~k`

s~`s jmn djof ~b kls ib~btdlf` j~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` ntlw`xj|-

Dtlmh! dtlmh! dtlmh x`m~ Mlds“ SNP js Hjt| kbm`n! sk` sxl~ok`n ~k` SNP ~b s`jf`t

jmn sjln! ‑Kl Hjt|-’

‑L hb~ xkj~ L ojm lm ~k` xj| bg dpslm`ss jmn ~òkmbabh| ijhjulm`s jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`



s~pgg bm ~k` als~- I| @^J j~ kbi` djs` ls 03 ilmp~`s- ^k` ~tjgglo bm OX; ls kàa jmn gtbi ~k`

~tjgglo t`bt~s sb ls LO:4 jmn OX4? lm ajo`s-’

‑Bf x`“aa s`` |bp xk`m x` s`` |bp ~k`m!’ sk` sjln! ‑bk! ~klmf kbx |bp xbpan n`sotld`

|bptsàg sflaas)xls` jmn d` kbm`s~ xl~k l~- L“aa `{ajlm xk`m |bp h`~ k`t`-’

‑Bf! Mlds!’ sjln Hjt| jmn ~ptm`n bgg kls kbm`-

%%%%%

^k` ~tjgglo xjs sabx ibwlmh gtbi ~k` K|`tijtf`~ epmo~lbm ~b ~k` LO:4 epmo~lbm xl~k

OX;- Hjt| xjs ntlwlmh kls gj~k`t“s A^W +Alhk~ ^tjmsbt~ Wjm, xklok xjs ps`n ~b ijf`

nàlw`tl`s lm- Lm gtbm~ bg ~k` wjm xjs j s~t`ji bg mlm` ajth` nbpda`)nòf`t objok`s-

Jg~`t OX; LO:4 epmo~lbm ~k` ~tjgglo hb~ j dl~ d`~~`t jmn Hjt| ijn` hbbn ~li` jg~`t k`

jss`n ~k` objok`s- kj~ xjs pm~la ~k` LO? LO:4! bw`t ~k` Tlw`t _~`wtjm! epmo~lbm! xk`t` ~k`

~tjgglo sabx`n ~b jaibs~ n`jn sabx! jmn obm~lmp`n pm~la ~k` OX: LO:4 epmo~lbm! xk`t` l~

jooà`tj~`n jhjlm- Hjt|“s gjo` xjs bm` bg jmh`t j~ ~k` ntlw`t“s tpdd`t)mòflmh j~ jm jooln`m~

~kj~ kjn kj`m`n bm ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` o`m~tja t`s`twj~lbm- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` ebptm`| xjsm“~ ~bb

djn jg~ t ~kj~- K` ijn` hbbn ~li` jmn xjs sbbm ~ptmlmh ~k` wjm lm~b ~k` ntlw`xj| j~ Kbi`

Djs`- K` hb~ bp~! htjdd`n ~k` skblmh gtbi ~k` jss`mh`t“s sln`! jmn ~k`m jo~lwj~`n ~k` o`m~tja

aboflmh jmn jajti xl~k ~k` t`ss bg ~k` dp~~bm bm ~k` f`|s k` ojttl`n- K` skbw`n ~kì lm~b ~k`

lmm`t bof`~ bg kls ejof`~- K` oalid`n ~k` s~`s jmn flof`n ~k` nbbt- Njil`à b`m`n l~ jmn a`~

kli lm-

‑Kl Hjt|!’ sjln Njil`à-

‑Kl hp|s!’ k` sjln jmn p~ ~k` gbpt ojttl`t djhs bm ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt jmn htjdd`n j luuj

salo` gtbi ~k` m`jt`s~ b`m db{- ‑@{ajlm xkj~ |bp i`jm~ d| n`sotld` |bptsàg sflaas)xls`!

Mlds2’

‑Jk ~k` ajs~ `tsbm ~b d` phtjn`n gtbi jm jssbolj~` ~b j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~- _~jmn lm gtbm~

bg ~k` sot``m gbt |bpt kb~b jmn L“aa ot`j~` |bpt _~t``~ Hkbs~ m`~ jh`!’ Mlds tàl`n-

Hjt| eps~ abbf`n j~ k`t! ‑Kbx ojm |bp ot`j~` j _~t``~ Hkbs~ m`~ jh`! |bp m``n ~b d` j

gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ ~b nb ~kj~2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑L kban j _~t``~ Hkbs~ alo`mo` jmn kjw` nbm` sb gbt jdbp~ sl{

ibm~ks-’

‑Kbx nb |bp kban j _~t``~ Hkbs~ alo`mo`2’ jsf`n Hjt|-

_k` ~k`m s`m~ ~k` m`{~ ~`m ilmp~`s `{ajlmlmh kbx sk` dòji` j _~t``~ Hkbs~-‑\bp bx` i` glw` nòfs Njtaj!’ sjln Sjpa jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n `{ajlmlmh ~klmhs-

‑L nb j~ ~kj~-’



:4<

t`zp`s~`n- ‑L(aa ijf` j als~ bg ~k` ps`gpa M`~Sjh`s ~b hb jmn abbf j~ xk`m t`s`jtoklmh! alf`

DajofM`~“s _òptl~| Gbtpi! l~ kjs j als~ bg `w`t| obtbtj~lbm jmn xkj~ sòptl~| s|s~ì ~k`| tpm

js s~jmnjtn jmn lg jm| bg ~k`lt sl~`s kjw` d``m phtjn`n jmn ~b xkj~ a`wà-’ _k` ~k`m b`m`n ~k`

s`jtok jh` sb sk` obpan tpm j s`jtok gbt Mjtluujm Lmo“s optt`m~ _~t``~ Hkbs~ sòptl~| tj~lmh!

jmn ~b s`` lg ~k`| x`t` phtjnlmh bt kjn lm ~k` t`wlbps g`x ibm~ks- ^k` s`jtok dtbphk~ djof j

g`x bs~s obmo`tmlmh ~k` optt`m~ sòptl~| tbo`npt`s j~ Mjtluujm“s _ptjdjm sl~`s! dp~ l~ jasb

dtbphk~ djof j tj~lmh bg j klhk 7! xklok i jm~ ~k`| x`t` pslmh j s optl~| s|s~ì ~kj~ lmoapn`n

j g`x jnwjmo`n s|s~ìs- _k` b`m`n bm` bg ~k` glts~ bs~s! jmn j skbof`n `{t`sslbm otbss`n

k`t gjo` xk`m sk` t`jn klhk 7 xl~k j sòptl~| tpmm`t- ‑Ii! lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln pmn`t k`t

dt`j~k- _k` oalof`n ~k` bs~ i ssjh` dp~~bm- ~kls b m`n j m`x sot``m lm xklok sk` ~|`n j

i`ssjh` jsflmh! ‛Kbx obi` j klhk 7 xl~k j sòptl~| tpmm`t! skbpanm“~ l~ d` jm ; bt klhk`t-

Mldbaj Oja~bm-“! jmn bs~`n l~ ~k` dbjtn-

Njtaj x`m~ ~b ~k` obijml`s“ t`hls~tjt ~b ~t| jmn obia`~` j j`t ~tjla ~tjo` bg xkb

bxm`n Mjtluujm Lmo- ^k` sot``m b`m`n xklok xbpan jaabx k`t ~b tpm ~k` s`jtok! lm~b xklok

sk` ~|`n Mjtluujm Lmobtbtj~`n jmn t`ss`n ~k` `m~`t dp~~bm- Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns! bg ~k`

obip~`t jmn m`~ ~klmflmh jmn xbtflmh! ~k` sot``m nlsaj|`n ~k` t`spa~- L~ skbx`n Mjtluujm xjs

bxm`n d| j It jmn Is ^p`djooj- _k` ~k`m npaloj~`n M`~Wl`x`t! xk`t` sk` ~|`n ~k` m`~

jnnt`ss bg Updjm S`tsbms s`jtok `mhlm` jmn tjm j s`jtok gbt It ^p`djooj xklok dtbphk~ p mbt`spa~s sk` jasb ojttl`n bp~ j s`jtok gbt Is ^p`djooj- ^kls s`jtok jasb dtbphk~ djof u`tb kl~s!

~k` t`spa~s spttls`n k`t! js <<-<<<<<<< bg jaa `ba` `{ls~`n lm ~k` xbtan bm sbi` obip~`t

s|s~ì bt jmb~k`t- ‑Mlds! Xkj~ `tsbm s`jtok `mhlm` nb |bp mbtijaa| ps`2’

‑Updjm S`tsbms mbtijaa|! xk|2’ jsf`n Mlds-

‑L“w` eps~ tpm ~k` mji` ^p`djooj ~ktbphk Updjm jmn hb~ u`tb kl~s-’

‑^kj~ nb`s spttls` i`! ^p`djooj ls mb~ j obiibm mji`! l~ obpan d` j gtbm~ mji` gbt

sbi` b~k`t htbp! gajh l~ jmn tlm~ l~- \bp obpan ~t| j Nj~jgb{ s`jtok- L~ s`jtok`s jaa ot`nl~tòbtns gbtis- Ibs~ bg ~k` ijebt obtbtj~lbms ~kj~ bgg`t ot`nl~ ps` l~ jmn ~b j a`ss`t `{~`m~ Gp

Ot`nl~ s`twlo`s-’

‑Bf-’

Hjt| t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` sbgjs jmn ajo`n j ojm bg d``t lm gtbm~ bg `w`t|bm`- K` ~bbf bp~ M`x

^òkmbabh| Ibm~ka| jmn sj~ nbxm xl~k j ojm lm bm` kjmn! ~k` ijhjulm` lm ~k` b~k`t- K` ajo`n

~k` ojm bm ~k` gabbt! ~k`m al~ ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` s~pof lm kls ibp~k jmn b`m`n ~k` ijhjulm`

~b ~k` obm~`m~s jh`! ‑Nb ~k` ijhjulm`s kjw` jm bmalm` jokl`w`s bg djof lssp`s2’

‑^k`| mbtijaa| nb!’ tàl`n Njtaj! ‑Xk|2’



:?:

nlsaj| ^ljips“ _~t``~ Hkbs~ m`~ jh`- ‑Mlds kjw` |bp `w`t k`jtn bg j htbp ojaalmh ~kìsàw`s

Jakj Tjln`ts2’

‑Jakj Tjln`ts*’ `{oajli`n Mlds js sk` otbss`n ~k` obttlnbt k`jnlmh bg ~k` dj~k tbbi ~b

xjsk jmn skjw`- ‑L s`m~ ~xb x``fs xbtflmh gbt ~kj~ htbp! ~kj~“s xk`t` L fmbx ~k` mji`

gtbi!’ sjln Mlds jmn j`jt`n lm ~k` nbbtxj|- ^kt`` x``fs jg~`t ~k` Oji`tbm Tjln`ts ebd kjn

glmlsk`n ^ljips! xkb kjn hlw`m i` ~k` ~jda`~! ìjla`n i`! jmn jsf`n i` ~b nb sbi` m`~

t`s`jtok lm~b j ~jth`~ k` jmn kls optt`m~ ~`ji ~k` Jakj Tjln`ts x`t` hblmh ~b flnmj- ^kj~“s

xkb l~ ls- @ijla kli djof gbt i`! jmn sj| kl gtbi Mlof jmn jnn i| m`x mji` lm dtjof`~s-’

‑Bk! kpm- Bm` tbdaì! L abhh`n bp~ bg |bpt joobpm~2’

‑Mb tbdaì! s`` ~k` okj~ tbhtji lm ~k` djofhtbpmn dtlmh l~ ~b ~k` gtbm~ jmn oalof ~k`

`mwàb` lobm l~ skbpan ~jf` |bp ~b i| dajof m`~ ijla s`tw`t-’

%%%%%

@as`xk`t` lm ~k` ol~|! j skbt~ njtf kjlt`n xbijm sj~ lm j mlo` jjt~i`m~ abbflmh j~ j

obip~`t sot``m t`jnlmh gbtpi i`ssjh`s! pm~la sk` oji` ~b bm` s`m~ d| Mldbaj Oja~bm bm j

sòptl~| tj~lmh lssp` obmo`tmlmh Mjtluujm Lmo- ‑K`| hp|s! L ij| kjw` sbi`~klmh k`t`- \bp

fmbx xk`m Sjpa hjw` ps ~k` Mjtluujm Lmo ebd k` sjln ~kj~ j sòbmn ~`ji x`t` d`lmh ìab|`n

~b s~`ja sbi`~klmh gtbi ~k` sji` sl~`2’‑\`jk!’ sjln jmb~k`t xbijm! xl~k k`t kjlt ~l`n p lm j klhk bm| ~jla! sj~ lm ~k` tbbi

t`jnlmh j ebptmja bm m`x dj~~a` `zpli`m~-

‑_bi`bm` ojaa`n Mldbaj Oja~bm kjs bs~`n j i`ssjh` obmo`tmlmh ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~

sòptl~| tj~lmh bg Mjtluujm Lmo-’

‑Bk xkj~ ls ~k` optt`m~ tj~lmh bg Mjtluujm Lmo2’

‑J klhk 7 xl~k j sòptl~| tpmm`t! ~kj~ nb`s sbpmn j dl~ bgg! L xbpan kjw` `{ò~`n j klhk ;

ij|d` j iln <-’‑\`jk! ~kj~“s h`m`tjaa| xkj~ L xbpan kjw` hp`ss`n!’ sjln jmb~k`t xbijm! xl~k aj~~`n

slaw`t kjlt ~kj~ s~t`~ok`n ~b k`t dp~~bofs-

‑Sbs~ j i`ssjh` djof ~b ~kì! jmn bgg`t ~b `{okjmh` t`s`jtok bm ~k` ~jth`~ jmn ìjla

Mldbaj nltò~a| jmn jsf k`t xjs sk` iab|`n ~b s~`ja sbi`~klmh gtbi ~k` Mjtluujm Lmo sl~`!

D``-’

‑\`jk! bf! Ils~|!’ t`sbmn`n D``-

%%%%%



:?0

~k` sl~`! pslmh ~k` ajs`tnb~ dpla~ lm~b ~k` tbeò~bt tìb~` blm~`n ~b ~k` jt~loa` sk` xjs abbflmh

j~-

Mlds ibp~k`n ‛Gpof!“ jmn sj~ djof! ‑^kj~ jmsx`ts j ab~! mbx L s`` kbx Mjdjm ojm jggbtn

>33ilaalbm nòfs lm ~k` glts~ ~xb |`jts- L~ s~laa nb`sm“~ jmsx`t xkbs` ìab|lmh-’

%%%%%

J~ jdbp~ 3?533JM! Mlds ~ptm`n ~b _jmntj! ‑Ojm L dbttbx |bpt dlf` L m``n ~b hb gbt j tln`

jmn s`` ~k` ~jth`~ sl~` gbt i|sàg-’

‑\`jk |bp ojm! lg |bp ~jf` i` js xàa!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

‑Bf! kpm! skjaa x` hb ~k`m-’

^k` jlt k`jn`n gbt ~k`lt d`ntbbi ~b ~jf` ~k`lt a`j~k`t ejof`~s! obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs

jmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlhs gtbi ~k` kbbfs eps~ lmsln` ~k` d`ntbbi nbbt- ^k`| xjaf`n bp~ ~k`

gtbm~ nbbt jmn b`m`n ~k` hjtjh` sb ~k`| obpan ~jf` _jmntj“s dlf` bp~-

^lmj j`jt`n j~ ~k` nbbt jmn okpof`n j dpmok bg f`|s j~ k`t jmn sjln! ‑^jf` i| dlf`

Mlds!’

‑^kjmfs-’ _k` d`m~ nbxm sb sk` obpan lof p ~k` f`|s ~kj~ x`t` j~ k`t g``~- _k` x`m~ ~b

^lmj“s dlf`! pmabof`n ~k` s~``tlmh abof jmn xk`à`n l~ bp~- _k` sxpmh k`t a`h bw`t jmn ntb`nbm ~k` flof s~jt~ jmn ~bpok`n ~k` ~ktb~~a` pm~la ~k` `mhlm` xjs pttlmh- _jmntj nln alf`xls` jmn

db~k dlf`s s~jt~`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| js lmj ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n djof lm sj|lmh! ‑Kjw` gpm |bp

~xb-’

‑_kjaa x` ~jf` sbi` kb~bs bg ~k` sl~` lg x` jt` hblmh ~b s`` l~2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Mbx ~kj~ ls j hbbn ln`j!’ sk` tàl`n js ~k` dlf`s ~ptm`n tlhk~ bm~b ~k` ijlm s~t``~ ~k`|

jooà`tj~`n- ‑Jmn L fmbx ~k` `tsbm ~b s`` jdbp~ ~k` oji`tj js xàa- X` m``n OX>-’

^k`| gbaabx`n ~k` tbjn! pm~la l~ jtbjok`n ~k` s~jt~ bg OX>- Db~k dlf`s sabx`n jmnjtbjok`n ~k` epmo~lbm ~b k`jn sbp~k sk` xjs kblmh ~b oj~ok ~k` alhk~s d`gbt` ~k`| okjmh`n!

dp~ jg~ t hajmolmh lm ~k` t`jt wl`x ilttbts jmn s``lmh xk`t` _jmntj xjs lm tàj~lbm ~b k`t! sk`

nòln`n ~b sabx jmn s~b j~ ~k` alhk~s-

^k` alhk~s okjmh`n jmn db~k dlf`s sxpmh bm~b ~k` bmtji gbt OX>- ^k`| jooà`tj~`n p

l~! jmn bm~b ~k` OX! ~k`| db~k jooà`tj~`n ~b jtbpmn ::3FSK jmn x`jw`n ~ktbphk ~k` ~tjgglo!

xklok ~kjmfgpaa| x`t`m“~ ~bb djn-

_k` sjln ~b _jmntj bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑@{l~ ~kt``-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

^k`| ntbw` ~ktbphk jm jt`j! bg ~k` ol~|! abojaa| fmbxm js @moajw` Ol~|! ibt` xlnà|



fmbxm js Tlokibmn Klhk Nls~tlo~- Db~k bg ~kì abbf`n jtbpmn js ~k`| ntbw` jmn js gjt js ~k`

`|` obpan s`` xjs ~k` xkl~` jmn dtbxm bg ~k` obtbtj~` `moajw` kbpslmh `s~j~`s! ~bx`t dabofs!

jjt~i`m~s jmn obtbtj~` tpm ijaas jmn skbs- Xl~k ~k` jssbolj~`n Obtbtj~` _òptl~| Okòf

blm~s! Sj~tbas! Tpa s jmn T`hpaj~lbms xklok hbw`tm`n jaibs~ `w`t|~klmh ~k` abojas nln-

_k` d`hjm ~b xbmn`t ~b k`tsàg! ‛Xbpan L kjw` `w`t d``m ~tpa| gt`` `w`m lg ~k`| nln joo`~

Mldbaj“sk` nbpd~`n l~ w t| ipok ‛jmn xbpan L kjw` `w`t gbpmn _jmntj jmn k`t gtl`mns!“ jhjlm

sk` nbpd~`n l~- _k` hajmo`n bw`t k`t skbpan`t jmn abbf`n j~ _jmntj js ~k`| s`n jabmh- _k` sjx

slia` eb| jmn kjlm`ss lm ~k` gjo`-

Js ~k`| jtbjok`n ~k` epmo~lbm ~k`| xjm~`n ~b ps` ~k`| sabx`n jmn ntlg~`n jotbss ~k`

OX ~b ~k` tlhk~ ajm` lm t`jtj~lbm gbt ~k` bgg tji- Db~k dlf`s x`m~ nbxm jmn sabx`n ~b j s~b

d`klmn ~kt`` ojts ~kj~ x t` xjl~lmh gbt ~k` alhk~s ~b okjmh`- ^k` epmo~lbm alhk~s okjmh`n jmn

~k`| ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn ntbw` nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn `m~`tlmh Mbt~k Wjaa`| Nls~tlo~- Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh

gbt jdbp~ ~kt`` ila`s ~k` ijlm tbjn x`m~ pmn`t LO:7 jmn ~k`m jg~`t jmb~k`t ila` sk` sabx`n js

~k` jlt jtbjok`n ^k` S`hh A`hh Lmm- _k` ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` ojt jtf! s~b`n jmn oalid`n bgg

^lmj“s dlf`- ‑Xjl~ k`t` kpm-’ _k` ~k`m xjaf`n lm ~b ~k` pd! xk`t` sk` xjaf`n ~b ~k` djt jmn

xk`m j iìd`t bg s~jgg xjaf`n bw`t- ‑Ls _libm S`~`t lm ~bnj|2’

‑Mb k`“s mb~! ojm L jsf xkb“s jsflmh gbt kli2’ ~k` djtijm jsf`n-

‑^àa kli Mlof Oja~bm xjs abbflmh gbt kli! kjmh bm ojm |bp ~àa i` xk`t` kls kbi` ls! L

m``n ~b s`` kli obmo`tmlmh sbi` _~t``~ Hkbs~ t`s`jtok L“i nblmh-’

‑\`jk! mb tbdaì!’ ~k` djtijm tàl`n js k` tììd`t`n j Mlof Oja~bm gtbi ~k` ajs~

~li` Oji`tbm Tjln`ts xjs ~bh`~k`t- K` a`n Mlds nbxm ~k` djt jmn alg~`n ~k` djt sò~lbm ~kj~

b`m`n ~b jaabx Mlds lm~b ~k` bgglo`- ‑Kls jnnt`ss ls ~k`t`-’ K` blm~`n j~ ~k` xjaa d`sln` ~k`

nbbt bm xjs j abmh als~ bg jnnt`ss`s! j~ ~k` ~b xjs _libm“s kbi` jnnt`ss-

%%%%%

J obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t Mlds oji` bp~- ‑K`(s j~ kbi` lm Wjaa`| Nls~tlo~-’ _k` oalid`n

bm ~b ~k` dlf` jmn flof s~jt~`n l~ js nln _jmntj- Db~k dlf`s paa`n bp~ jmn djof p ~k` tbjn ~k`|

kjn ps`n ~b jttlw` bm- Jg~`t jdbp~ kjag j ila` sk` ijn` j tlhk~ ~ptm jmn s`n nbxm ~k` tbjn js l~

s`ì`n ~b s~t`~ok lm~b ~k` nls~jmo`-

Jg~`t obw`tlmh tbphka| ~`m ila`s sk` paa`n lm~b j sln` tbjn jmn s~b`n bp~sln` j ajth`

s`~ bg hj~`s-

‑Mlo` ajo`!’ sjln _jmntj js sk` sabx`n ~b j kja~ m`{~ ~b k`t-‑Nbm“~ a`~ j`jtjmo`s gbba |bp6 _libm S`~`t ls j xàa t`sò~`n Hkbs~ gtbi j g`x |`jts

djof- ^k` kbps` ls lm kls xlg “s mji -’



:?8

_k` a`jm~ bw`t jmn t`ss`n ~k` ojaa dp~~bm bm ~k` lm~`tobi jmà- Jg~`t j obpa` bg

ilmp~`s j wblo` xjs k`jtn sj|lmh! ‑Xkb ls l~2’

‑_libm S`~`t! l~(s i` Mlof! |bp hblmh ~b a`~ i` jmn j gtl`mn lm-’

‑Bf Mlof!’ tàl`n ~k` wblo` jmn ~k` hj~`s s~jt~`n ~b b`m-

^k` jlt ntbw` p ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn s~b`n lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ijlm nbbt xklok xjs b`m jmn

_libm s~bbn lm ~k` nbbtxj|-

‑Lg L nlnm“~ tòbhmlu` ~k` wblo` L xbpan kjw` sjln gpof bgg-’

J~ ~kls sk` eps~ sila`n- ‑\`jk xàa jaa ~klmhs obmsln`t`n L fmbx l~“s d``m j xkla` slmo` L

ajs~ abbf`n |bp p! sbtt| _libm-’

‑Mb~ ~b xbtt|- Obi` lm ~k` db~k bg |bp-’ _libm sjln jmn ~ptm`n jmn a`n ~k`m ~b ~k` s~pn|-

‑I| m`{~ zp`s~lbm ls kbx ojm L kà |bp Mlof2’

‑L~“s mb abmh`t Mlof! l~s Mlds- Nb |bp s~laa kjw` ~k` klhk)n`glml~lbm nlhl~ja oji`tj2’

‑\`jk L“w` s~laa hb~ ~kj~-’

‑Ij| L dbttbx l~ gbt j xkla`2’

‑L nbm“~ s`` jm| tbdaì xl~k ~kj~! L nbm“~ ps` l~ jmn i| xlg` kjs k`t bxm oji`tj! sb

|`jk-’ Xl~k ~kj~ k` hb~ p! jmn xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b ~k` ojdlm`~ bm ~k` xjaa! jmn hb~ nbxm ~k`

oji`tj! l~s djh- K` jasb htjdd`n j obpa` bg iìbt| ojtns gtbi ~k` opdbjtn l~sàg! js _libm

t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` s`j~ k` jsf`n! ‑Xk| nb |bp m``n l~ Mlds2’

‑X` m``n ~b ~jf` sbi` klhk zpjal~| lo~pt`s bg j sl~` x`“w` d``m jsf`n ~b t`s`jtok-’‑Jm|xj| L kjw` ~klmhs ~b j~~`mn ~b! sb lg ~kj~“s jaa! L ji hblmh ~b kjw` ~b flof |bp db~k

bp~-’

‑Mb xbttl`s! ~kjmfs gbt ~k` oji`tj-’

Js sk` b`m`n ~k` nbbt! _libm ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` djof bg ~k` kbps` jmn nlsj`jt`n-

^k` jlt jg~`t oabslmh ~k` gtbm~ nbbt xjaf`n ~b ~k` xk`t` ~k` dlf`s xk`t` jtf`n jmn flof

s~jt~`n ~k` `mhlm`s- ^k`| ~ptm`n jtbpmn pslmh ~k` tjls`n gabbt d`n lm ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` ~ptmlmh

oltoa` jmn ntbw` p ~k` ntlw`xj| ~bxjtns ~k` hj~`s xklok b`m`n jp~bij~lojaa| js ~k`|jtbjok`n-

Jg~`t jsslmh j ab~ bg `{`mslw` kbps`s jmn j g`x `{`mslw` jjt~i`m~ dabofs ~k`|

jtbjok`n ~k` ~ptmlmh gbt OX:8- L~ xbpan ~jf` ~kì djof ~bxjtns O`m~tja Nls~tlo~ jmn ~k`m

bm~b @djm Klaa Nls~tlo~- Db~k dlf`s s`n nbxm ~k` OX:8 k`t ilmn d`hjm ~b xjmn`t jhjlm!

~t|lmh ~b sbt~ ~klmhs sk` js Mlof kjn s``m! k`jtn jmn jsspi~lbms sk` kjn ijn` jdbp~ ijm|

b~k`t ~klmhs- _k` xjs s~laa pmjda` ~b ijf` s`ms` bg j ab~ bg l~-

^k`| jss`n pmn`t LO:7! jmn jg~`t j g`x ibt` ila`s OX:8 `m~`t`n j ~pmmà- Db~k dlf`s

~tjwàa`n ~ktbphk ~k` ~pmmà! jmn jss`n ~k` epmo~lbm gbt OX< jmn j skbt~ xkla` aj~`t ~k`|

jss`n ~k` epmo~lbm gbt LO4- ^k`| i`th`n gtbi ~k` ~pmmà eps~ d`gbt` ~k` dbjtn`ts bg X`s~



Sjtf jmn O`m~tja jmn ~k` epmo~lbm gbt O`m~tja! xklok xjs aboj~`n w`t| oabs` ~b ‛O`m~tja Gt``

Glt` Ubm`“- ^k`| db~k ~bbf ~k` djof xj|s ~b ~k` d`s~ ajo` ~b ~jf` lo~pt`s bg ~k` Mjtluujm Lmo

T'N o`m~t`! @djm Klaa- ^k`| gbaabx`n ~k` slhms gbt ~k` Glhtb Mlhk~ oapd jmn ~ptm`n a`g~ xk`m

~k`| obpan s`` l~- ^k` tbjn ~bbf ~kì nltò~a| ~b ~k` ojt jtf aboj~`n bm ~k` gjt sln` bg @djm

Klaa-

Jg~`t jtflmh ~k`| xjaf`n p ~k` j~k ~kj~ a`jn ~b ~k` ~b bg jm ban n`g`mslw` ojs~a`“s klaa!

jdbp~ >"0~ks bg ~k` xj| p db~k bg ~kì ntb`n bgg ~k` j~k jmn lm~b ~k` sotpdajmn ~kj~ xjs ~k`

klaa“s obw`tlmh- ^k`| ibw`n nbxm ~k` klaa pm~la ~k`| oji` pbm j `tgò~ sb~ xk`t` ~k`| db~k

sj~! jmn abbf`n alf` j obpa` bg a`sdljms `meb|lmh `jok b~k`t(s obijm|- _k` s~jt~`n ~b ~jf`

lo~pt s jmn wln`b bg ~k` sl~ -

_k` xbtf`n a`g~ ~b tlhk~ lm s~tls ~jflmh kb~bs sb ~kj~ xk`m ~k`| x`t` obidlm`n ~k`|

xbpan kjw` j oabs` lm lo~pt` bg ~k` sl~`- _k` glmlsk`n ~k` glts~ jss jmn kjn glaa`n jaibs~ bm`

obia`~` ojtn- _k` glaa`n ~k` t`s~ d| wln`blmh ~k` ijlm `m~tjmo` jmn kbx ~k` `ba` n`ja~ xl~k

w`kloa`s jmn `ba` lg ~k`| obpan d` s``m- ^k` sòbmn ojtn sk` okjmh`n a`ms gtbi ~k` 43 ~b

:33ii ubbi ~b j 433 ~à`kb~b a`ms jmn ~bbf lo~pt`s bg sòlglo ajo`s ~ktbphk bp~ ~k` sl~`-

_k` obmo`m~tj~`n bm sòptl~| ~bx`ts! jm| hpjtn bs~s! jmn ~k` tbbg bg ~k` dplanlmhs-

Jg~`t ~k`| kjn glaa`n db~k 0hlh iìbt| ojtns xl~k lo~pt`s jmn wln`b! ~k` jlt hb~ p jmn

xjaf`n djof p ~k` sln` bg ~k` klaa jmn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` j~k sb ~k`| obpan xjaf djof ~b ~k` dlf`s-

^k` ntlw` djof xjs dps| js l~ xjs tpsk)kbpt! jmn ~k` ~tjgglo bm ~k` OXs jmn ijlm tbjns

xjs djn! ~kjmfgpaa| mb~ ~`ttlda` d| aboja s~jmnjtns-

Xk`m ~k` jlt kjn jttlw`n djof j~ ~k` kbps`! Jds sjln! ‑Jdbp~ jm kbpt jg~`t |bp ~xb a`g~

D`` obm~jo~`n ps jhjlm jmn sphh`s~`n ~kj~ x` i``~ j~ ~k`lts- X` jttjmh`n ~b h`~ ~b ~k`t` jtbpmn

385?3JM- ^k` jnnt`ss ~k`| hjw` ls lm Htjmn _bp~k Nls~tlo~! ?4 ~b ?> 477 X`s~ ^kltn Jw`mp`-$

‑Jk! bf! skjaa x` hb ~k`m! js l~ ij| ~jf` ps j xkla` ~b h`~ ~b ~k`t`“s js ~k` ~tjgglo lsm“~

ht`j~!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑\`jk ~kj~“s xkj~ x` xk`t` flmn bg ~klmflmh!’ sjln Njtaj- ‑Hjt| |bp“t` tlnlmh xl~k i`-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n Hjt|-

^k` htbp sxl~ok`n bgg ~k` obip~`ts jmn a`g~ gbt ~k` i``~-

%%%%%



:?<

Okj~`t :4

@w`t|bm` hb~ ~k`lt ejof`~s jmn b~k`t l~ìs ~k`| m``n`n gbt ~k` tpm ~b Htjmn _bp~k

Nls~tlo~- _jmntj jmn k`t db~k ~ptm`n jmn x`t` ~k` glts~ ~xb nbxm ~k` s~`s- D`klmn ~kì oji`~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gtl`mns kjla| okj~~lmh jxj|! salnlmh a`j~k`t ejof`~s bm! ijflmh spt` ~k`

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs x`t` xbtflmh tb`ta|! okòflmh ls~bas! sjt` ijhjulm`s! jmn ~k`lt

wjtlbps oabs` obidj~ x`jbms-

J~ ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` s~`s _jmntj ~ptm`n ~b gjo` Mlds- ‑L“i ntlwlmh kpm-’

‑Mb tbdaì! L xjs kblmh ~kj~ |bp xbpan sj| ~kj~!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Bf-’ _jmntj saln k`t ^jtn Flm`~lo >> K`jw| Jp~bij~lo djof lm~b l~ kbas~`t! ~k`m ul`n

p k`t ejof`~ jmn saln k`t kjmns lm~b k`t habw`s-

_k` abbf`n salhk~a| skbof j~ ~k` ojmmbm _jmntj ojttl`n l~ kjnm“~ t`hls~`t`n xkj~ sk`

ojttl`n pm~la mbx- _k` nln ~k` sji` xl~k k`t ?08 Nà~ K`jw|! saln k`t kjmns lm~b k`t sml`t

habw`s! ijflmh spt` ~k` habw` ~bs x`t` obw`tlmh k`t glmh`ts! sk` jasb ijn` spt` ~kj~ k`t fmlg`

xjs saln lm~b k`t dbb~ sojddjtn-

Hjt| ~bbf kls f`|s bp~ jmn n`jo~lwj~`n ~k` jajti bm ~k` wjm! xklok jasb ojps`n ~k`

o`m~tja aboflmh ~b pmabof ~k` nbbts- Hjt| oalid`n lm! s~jt~`n l~ jmn ibw`n ~k` wjm djof j al~~a`

sb ~k` dlf`s obpan h`~ bp~ bg ~k` hjtjh`-

Sjpa a`n ~k` xj|! psklmh kls Il~)dp :333T_{ gbaabx`n d| Njtaj psklmh k`t ;03

Fjtujf- Jmhà flof s~jt~`n k`t _~jt Stbnpo~lbms ;03 ^tlf`- Njil`à jasb s~jt~`n k`t _~jt

Htbpmn :333H ~tlf` wlj ~k` àò~tlo s~jt~- Djmh x`m~ sbi`~klmh i`~jaalo gtbi ~k` hjtjh` jmn

~xb `mhlm`s s~jt~`n- Njil`à xjs ~k` m`{~ `tsbm ~b obi` p ~k` ntlw`xj| oabsà| gbaabx`n d|

Jmhà! ^lmj xl~k Jds tlnlmh laalbm x`t` m`{~! _jmntj oji` p ajs~- ^k` htbp s~b`n j~ ~k`

~b ~b xjl~ gbt Hjt| jmn Mlds-

_k` xjaf`n nbxm jmn oabs`n ~k` hjtjh` nbbts- Hjt| a`~ ~k` wjm tbaa gbtxjtn pm~la ~k`

dpi t xjs jhjlms~ ~k` nbbt k` jal`n ~k` dtjf` jmn oalid`n bp~- Db~k bg ~kì xjaf`n p ~k`

ntlw`xj| ~b ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp-

‑Nb |bp fmbx sbi`~klmh Mlds! jg~`t ~k` ajs~ hji` L ~klmf L“i hblmh ~b kjw` ~b dt`jf

sbi` dbm`s lm N`~tlo~-’

‑Xk|2’

‑K` ~klmfs ~k` ~`ji ls ab|ja hjmh iìd`ts! `w`t|bm` ls! eps~ mb~ ~b kli! jmn gbt ~k` kàa

k` jmn ~k` ~`ji p~ ~k` sokbba ~ktbphk bw`t ~k` ajs~ ~xb |`jts-’

_k` dpts~ bp~ ajphklmh ~b xkj~ Hjt| kjn sjln- Hjt| k`jn`n gbt Njtaj“s dlf` jmn oalid`n

bm d`klmn k`t- _k` oalid`n bm d`klmn _jmntj jmn xtj`n k`t jtis jtbpmn _jmntj“s xjls~ jmn

flss`n k`t mòf-



‑Bk |`jk! L nb mbx*’ sk` `{oajli`n ~k`m okòf`n ~k` sjg`~| jmn b`m`n ~k` dt`òk

salhk~a| ~b okòf gbt j tbpmn! sk` sjx bm` xjs t`s`m~! sk` ibw`n ~k` sàò~bt ~b ~k` glw` tbpmn

dpts~ glt` bsl~lbm-

Jds xkb xjs abbflmh p ~k` s~t``~ sjx Njtaj kjn ibw`n ~b eblm Hjt| bm ~k` obtm`t jmn

kjn skbw`n j ^tlh 48d lm~b kls kjmns! lm k`ts xjs j KF4? Jssjpa~ Ojtdlm`- Hjt| ~k`m tjm lm j

slilajt gjsklbm js Sjpa kjn jmn eblm`n Sjpa lm ~k` nbbtxj|- _k` ~k` sjx Jmhà j`jt jtbpmn

Njtaj“s a`h k`t ^tlh ; sìl)jp~b skb~hpm- _k` fm`x xbpan kjw` j sbaln saph lm ~k` dt`òk jmn

~k` 43 tbpmn ijhjulm`! Jmhà m`w`t ps`n jm|~klmh às`- Njil`à ~k`m jss`n d`klmn k`t pslmh

~k` s~bb`n tpm! sk` k`jn`n jotbss ~k` s~t``~- Jdbp~ ~klt~| sòbmns aj~`t Jmhà ibw`n lm ~k`

sji` nltò~lbm js Njil`à- Njtaj ~k`m ibw`n k`tsàg ~bxjtns j ojt jtf`n bm ~k` sln` bg ~k`

tbjn-

Mlds! xkb xjs abbflmh j~ ~k` so`m` lm ~k` skb sjx bm` xjs ojtt|lmh j a`mh~k bg xbbn!

~xb bg ~k` |bp~ks kjn ^:33 _IHs! jmb~k`t! xkb abbf`n alf` k` xjs ojtt|lmh j \:0 spd)

ijoklm` ls~ba- K` xjs jo~lmh w`t| jhht`sslwà| ~bxjtns j sijaa htbp bg sl{ skb`ts! jmn ~k`

ajs~ ~xb ojttl`n ls~bas- Bm` bg ~k` ~xb pslmh j ^:33 xjs jo~lmh w`t| jhht`sslwà| ~b ~k` ~xb

skb jssls~jm~s xkb x`t` glaalmh j djh xl~k ibm`| jmn olhjt`~~`s- ^k` b~k`t `tsbm ojtt|lmh j

^:33 jabmh xl~k bm` bg ~k` ~xb ojtt|lmh! xkj~ abbf`n alf`! \8 jp~bij~los x`t` xj~oklmh ~xb

xbi`m! bm` mb ban`t ~kjm :7 ij|d` :8 ~k` sòbmn j |bpmh jnpa~! sk` xjs x`jtlmh j dpslm`ss

spl~! ~k` jlt abbf`n ~`ttlgl`n- _k` pmn`ts~bbn xk|! ‛^k`| kjn d``m s`jtj~`n gtbi ~k` t`s~

ban`t abbflmh ilnna` jh`n `ba`- ^k`| db~k spd obmsolbpsa| fm`x ~k`| x`t` jdbp~ ~b d` tj`n

d| j~ a`js~ bm`! ibt` ~kjm alfà| hjmh tj`n-“ ^k` glw` ojtt|lmh glt` jtis x`t` ~k` ijebt ~kt`j~

~b ~k` `ba` lm ~k` skb jmn ~k` `ba` xj~oklmh ~k` so`m`- ‛ L kb` sbi` _~t``~ Hkbs~s jt`

m`jtd| x` ij| m``n ~kì-“

Js Njil`à t`jok`n ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` tbjn sk` gbpmn j h`m~ xl~k abmh xkl~` kjlt

~l`n djof lm j ija` bm| ~jla jabmh xl~k j obpa` bg ~``mjh`ts- Bm` bg ~k` jlt xjs ija`! ~k`

b~k`t xjs gìja`- ^k` gìja` kjn j tbpmn gjo` jmn skbpan`t a`mh~k njtf dtbxm kjlt! l`tolmh

kjuà `|`s jmn xjs x`jtlmh j ^)sklt~ xl~k j abhb jmn pmn`tm`j~k xjs ~k` xbtns Oapd Ilaajmj

_~jgg! gbt`s~ j~~`tm ojibpgajh` ~tbps`ts jmn j jlt bg dlf`t dbb~s- _~loflmh gtbi ~k` ~b bg db~k

k`t dbb~s x`t` ~kt`` fmlw`s- _k` zplofa| nbpda` ~bbf ~k` fmlw`s js ~k`| abbf`n alf` ~ktbxlmh

fmlw`s- ^k` ija` kjn szpjtlsk gjo` xl~k skbt~ ij~~ dajof kjlt jmn dtbxm `|`s6 k` xjs x`jtlmh j

slilajt ~)sklt~ js ~k` gìja` jmn dajof djhhl`s- Bm kls kjmns xjs j jlt bg glmh`ta`ss habw`s- _k`sjx ~k` glhk~lmh fmlg` lm l~s sojddjtn jotbss ~k` sijaa bg kls djof- _k` `s~lij~`n ~k`lt jh`s ~b d`

jtbpmn ~k` sji` js ~k` Wl{`ms“-



:>0

Jmhà eblm`n Njil`à bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k` s~t``~ jmn ~k` gìja` ibw`n ~b eblm

Njtaj j~ ~k` ojt- Js sk` a`g~! sk` sjx sk` xjs ojtt|lmh j xàa f`~ ^tlh 48d _IH- _k` jasb sjx

~k` ija` xjs pslmh ~k` sji` x`jbm- ^k` h`m~ bm ~k` b~k`t xjs ojtt|lmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` jm

IJ>3- _k` mb~lo`n ~k` hp| hpa js k` sjx ~k` ^tlh ; `sòljaa| xk`m ~k` jlt bg ~kì xjs mb~

`{jo~a| ajthà| dpla~- J~ a`js~ ~k` \njt _IH Njil`à ps`n xjs lm f``lmh xl~k k`t dbn|“s

bw`tjaa gtji`-

Jds spnn`ma| t`jals`n sk` obpan k`jt Sjpa s`jflmh ~b Hjt|! jmn xkj~ xjs d`lmh sjln lm

~k` skb- _k` xkls`t`n ~b ^lmj! ‑Ojm |bp k`jt Sjpa! Hjt|! jmn Njtaj! jmn xkj~“s kj`mlmh lm

~k` skb-’

‑\`jk L ojm!’ tàl`n j spttls`n ^lmj-

Mlds xkb kjn d``m xj~oklmh ~k` so`m` lm ~k` skb jmn ~k` htbp bp~sln` sjx ibwì`m~

gtbi ~k` hp| gbtolmh ~k` xbtf`ts ~b glaa ~k` djhs- ‑Ibwì`m~-’

^k` hp| xkb xjs gbtolmh ~k` xbtf`ts ~b glaa ~k` djhs htjdd`n ~kì- _k` k`jtn kli skbp~!

‑H`~ bm ~k` gabbt mbx! |bp N`pi _opi**’ Js ~k`| aj| gjo` nbxm! k` jli`n kls ^:33 jmn glt`n

j dpts~ lm~b ~kì- _k` sjx ~k` jlt epi jmn dbpmo` jtbpmn js ~k` tbpmns kl~ ~kì- ‑Gòf*’ sk`

`{oajli`n- _jmntj xkb xjs s~bbn d`klmn k`t xj~oklmh ~k` so`m` js l~ pmgban`n! fmà~ nbxm jmn

xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑Xàobi` ~b ~k` t`ja xbtan bg ~k` s~t``~s jmn ~k` hjmhs“ kpm- \bp t`jn|

~b ~jf` ~kì nbxm-’

‑\`jk! a`~“s nb l~-’ ^k` ~tjlmlmh P~ktj kjn hlw`m k`t jabmh xl~k k`t mj~ptja nlsolalm` jmn

~k` a`ssbms gtbi ^ljips jmn Njil`m oji` gabbnlmh djof ~b ~k` gbt`-

_k` sjx ~k` ~xb xkb kjn d``m xj~oklmh ~k` ~xb xbi`m htjd `jok bm` jmn ntjh ~kì

sot`jilmh jmn glhk~lmh ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt- ^k` bm` xkb kjn ~k` djhs okpof`n ~kì ~b bm` bg ~k`~xb xj~oklmh ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` `ba`- Xk`m ~k` ~xb kjn ojphk~ ~k` djhs jmn s~jt~`n ~b djof bp~

bg ~k` skb! k` skbw`n kls kjmn lm~b kls ejof`~ bof`~ jmn xl~knt`x j gtjhi`m~j~lbm kjmn

ht`mjn`- K` ~bbf ~k` ht`mjn` p ~b kls ibp~k jmn paa`n jxj|! sk` sjx ~k` sjg`~| djt ga| bgg-

‑Gòf! HT@MJN@*’ sk` `{oajli`n-

‑Kban djof6 ~klmf ~jo~lojaa| Mlds!’ sjln _jmntj s~`tma| lm k`t `jt- ‑Xj| ~bb ijm|

olwlaljms optt`m~a|! tììd`t ~k` olwlaljms jt` ibt` libt~jm~ ~kjm jm|~klmh às`- Js Hjmhtà“s

x` t`sò~ alg`! jaa alg`-’

‑Jds! ^lmj! _jmntj! Mlds! Hjt|- \bp kjw` ~jo~loja obm~tba bg ~k` sl~pj~lbm6 L ojm s`` j g`x

jnpa~s p ~k` tbjn gtbi |bp ojtt|lmh jssjpa~ htjn` x`jbmt|-’



Jmhà“s wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì- ‑Hp|s! Jmhà- I` jmn Njil`à jt`

xl~k j h`m~ ojtt|lmh xkj~ abbfs alf` j IJ>3 xl~k HA +ht`mjn` ajpmok`t,-’

Jds tàl`n! ‑Bf Hjt|-’ _k` ~ptm`n ~b _jmntj jmn Mlds- ‑Xk`m ~k`| h`~ bbsl~` s~b

~kì jmn obm~jlm- ^lmj jmn L xlaa spbt~-’

‑Bf!’ ~k`| db~k tàl`n jmn db~k dtbphk~ ~k` I44 ~b ~k` jssjpa~ bsl~lbm- K`t glts~ glmh`t

xjs bw`t ~k` ~tlhh`t-

‑Jds! Njtaj- Xkj~ ls kj`mlmh lm ~k` skb2’

‑^k` sl{ jt` `{l~lmh xl~k ~xb gìja`s!’ sjln Jds ~ktbphk ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

Js ~k` hp|! kbanlmh ~k` ht`mjn`! djof`n bp~ bg ~k` skb! k` ~kt`x l~ lm~b ~k` sijaa htbp

bg skb`ts- Js k` pmn`tjti ~bss`n ~k` ht`mjn`! ~k` `ba` s~jt~`n ~b ibw` jmn h`~ ~b sbi`

gbti bg tb~ò~lbm d`~x``m ~kì jmn ~k` `{abslbm- Bp~sln` ~k` hp| ~ptm`n jmn eblm`n ~k` ajth`

htbp xklok s~jt~`n ~b ibw` p ~k` s~t``~ ~bxjtns ~k` gtl`mns- ^k` kjmn ht`mjn` `{abn`n! jg~`t

j g`x sòbmns! jmn s`m~ ~k` ~kbpsjmns bg tjubt skjt lò`s bg sktjmà bp~! ~k` ~klm i`~ja bg ~k`

skàw`s jmn s`twlmh n`sf mb~ tbwlnlmh ipok tb~ò~lbm gtbi `l~k`t ~k` obmopsslbm bt ~k`

gtjhi`m~s- Jaa bg ~k` skb`ts x`t` kl~ jmn ibs~ gàa js ~k` obmopsslbm dajs~ kl~ ~kì jmn ~k`|

bw`t djajmo`n- ^k` sjg`~| hajss lm ~k` gtbm~ xlmnbx ~bbf ~k` `m~lt` `{abslbm- Jaa ~k` |bp~ks

s~jt~`n ~b ajphk js ~k` ht`mjn` x`m~ bgg-

Js htbp t`jok`n ~k` dplanlmh bbsl~`! Jds obiijmn`n abpna|! ‑^jf` ~kì nbxm-’

Xk`m Mlds k`jtn ~k` obiijmn! k`t dj~~a` lms~lmo~s flof`n lm jmn sk` ibw`n bp~ lm~b ~k`

s~t``~! oabsà| gbaabx`n d| _jmntj- ^k`| kjn ~k`lt x`jbms j~ ~k` jssjpa~ bsl~lbm! skbpan`t

s~bof lm~b ~k` skbpan`t! glmh`t bm ~k` ~tlhh`t! t`jn| ~b glt`- _k` abbf`n bw`t jmn js sk` t`jok`n

~k` m`jt`s~ sln` bg ~k` tbjn! db~k bg ~kì glt`n j obm~tbaa`n dpts~ jotbss ~k` s~t``~! sb l~ lijo~`n

lm gtbm~ jmn d`klmn ~k` htbp- ^k`| s~b`n lm ~b~ja spttls` jmn skbof-

_jmntj skbp~`n gbtolda| j~ ~k` htbp! ‑Kja~ bt x` xlaa b`m glt`- D| ~k` jp~kbtl~| ajo`n

lm ps d| O`m~tja x` k`t`d| btn`t |bp ~b kja~ jmn sptt`mn`t! x` kjw` |bp spttbpmn`n-’

^k` bm` ojtt|lmh ~k` a`mh~k bg xbbn abbf`n jotbss ~k` s~t``~ j~ ~k` gjs~ jtbjoklmh jlt-

^b Mlds“ spttls` k` sxpmh ~k` lò` bg xbbn j~ ~k` skb nbbt xklok skj~~`t`n ~k` hajss lm ~k`

nbbt gtji`- K` jmn gbpt bg ~k` htbp tpsk`n ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt jmn j bsslda` `soj` tbp~`-

^xb ibt` bg ~k` htbp ibw`n ~bxjtns ~k` jaa`|)xj| jmn x`t` obmgtbm~`n d| ~xb glhpt`s

~kj~ kjn d``m klnlmh lm ~k` skjnbxs6 db~k bg ~kì x`t` ojtt|lmh jssjpa~ htjn` x`jbms- ^k`

t`s~ bg ~k` htbp x`m~ gjo` nbxm bm ~k` sln`xjaf js sk` skbp~`n! ‑Gjo` nbxm! mbx-’

_k` glt`n j sòbmn dpts~ eps~ lm~b ~k` dtlofxbtf jdbw` ~k` nbbtxj|- ^k` gbpt xkb kjn

hb~~`m s~pof ~t|lmh ~b h`~ ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt! s~b`n jmn djof`n jxj| gtbi ~k` nbbt! djof lm~b

~k` s~t``~- _k` sjx ~k` skb alhk~s hb bm jmn ~k`m sk` sjx ~k` jlt s~jmnlmh ojp~lbpsa| lm ~k`nbbt xj| ~b ~k` s~jlts jmn djof tbbi! bm` xjs ojtt|lmh j ls~ba jmn ~k` b~k`t! xkb xjs eps~

d`klmn kli! xjs ojtt|lmh j abmh Sjooj glt` bf`t-



:>8

_k` zplofa| abbf`n p ~k` s~t``~! jmn sjx ~xb ibt` kjn eblm`n Sjpa“s htbp jmn db~k

Sjpa jmn Hjt| x`t` ibwlmh! x`jbms lm ~k` jssjpa~ bsl~lbm nbxm ~k` s~t``~-

_jmntj! xkb kjn k`t djof ~b Mlds! obpan s`` ~kj~ ~k` aboja ol~lu`ms x`t` mbx ntjhhlmh ~k`

lmept`n jmn ~t|lmh ~b glhk~ ~k` glt` ~kj~ kjn s~jt~`n jg~`t ~k` ht`mjn` kjn `{abn`n- ^xb `ba`!

db~k! kbanlmh ls~bas x`t` fmà~ d`klmn j bs~db{ ~jflmh obw`t! jmb~k`t ~xb kjn ~jf`m obw`t

d`klmn bm` bg ~k` jtf`n ojts- k`| abbf`n js lg ~k`| x t` ojtt|lmh N?33s-

J zplof abbf p jmn nbxm ~k` s~t``~ skbx`n ~k` gbpt |bp~ks ~kj~ ~k` skbp~s x`t`m“~

flnnlmh! ~k`| x`t` spttbpmn`n jmn ~k`| jaa abbf`n alf` ~k`| kjn glt` jtis- K` jmn ~k` b~k`t

~kt`` |bp~ks ntb`n ~b ~k`lt fm``s jmn ajo`n ~k`lt kjmns bm ~k` djofs bg ~k`lt k`jns-

‑Jds jmn ^lmj ibw` ~b spbt~ jmn s`jtj~`!’ Njtaj lms~tpo~`n bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm

s|s~ì-

‑Ibwlmh ~b spbt~!’ tàl`n Jds bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

_k` sjx ~k` jlt j`jt jmn ibw` x`jbms lm jssjpa~ bsl~lbm- _k` ~k`m sjln bw`t ~k`

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑L“i ibwlmh xl~k ~xb jt~m`ts-’

‑F-’ slhmjaa`n Sjpa bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

Mlds sjx Njtaj aps k`t m`x jt~m ts ibw` ~b ~k` gjt obtm t bg ~k` ojt ~k`| jaa ~bbf pglt` bsl~lbms jhjlms~ ~k` sln` bg ~k` ojt-

Js _jmntj jmn k`t hb~ ~b ~k` b~k`t optd ~k`| ibw`n ~ktbphk ~k` htbp! ~k`| flof`n ~k`

~xb hpmi`m klnn`m xl~klm ~k` htbp kjtn- ^k` flofs hb~ ~k` t`spa~lmh jlm ibwì`m~s

lmnloj~lmh ~kìsàw`s ~b Jds jmn ^lmj xkb ~b s`jtj~` gtbi ~k` t`s~-

Mlds htjdd`n ~k` l o` bg xbbn gtbi ~k` |bp~k xkb kjn d``m ojtt|lmh l~! ~kt`x l~ bw`t

~k` htbp jmn htjdd`n kls xtls~! ~xls~`n l~ jmn gbto`n kli lmsln` ~k` skb- Js sk` gbto`n kli

~ktbphk ~k` b`mlmh lm ~k` nbbt xlmnbx! ~k` gbto` dps~`n ~k` abof jmn jaibs~ ~bbf ~k` nbbt bgg l~s ~b klmh`s- ^k` h`m~ s~pida`n jmn `mn`n p gjo` nbxm xl~k k`t fm`` nlhhlmh lm~b kls djof

jmn ~k` djttà bg k`t I44 skbw`n lm~b ~k` djof bg kls k`jn- _jmntj ~kt`x ~k` b~k`t ~kt`` lm~b ~k`

t`s~ bg ~k` htbp xk`t` Sjpa jmn Hjt|! jmn j jlt xkb kjn eblm`n ~k` ~jf`nbxm! s~jt~`n ~b sbt~

`ba` d| s jtoklmh ~kì gbt klnn m x`jbms jmn ht`mjn`s-

_k` fm`x ~k` bm` sk` kjn flof`n gà~ ~k` lijo~ js sk` kjn ~jth`~`n ~k` tlds jmn sk` fm`x

~k` bx`t xbpan kjw` dtbf`m sbi` tlds- _k` hajmo`n bp~sln` js ~k` jlt x`t` htjdd`n d| ~k`

djofs bg ~k lt ejof`~s jmn bm` xjs k`jw`n lm~b ~k` jtis bg ~k` ~xb jnpa~s jmn ~k` b~k`t ~b Sjpa

jmn Hjt| xkb db~k tbphka| s`jtok`n ~kì jmn ~k`m gbto`n ~kì db~k ~b ~k`lt fm``s-

_k` abbf`n jtbpmn j~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` so`m` bp~sln` jmn sjx ~k` ~xb hltas! xkb x`t` mbx



k|s~`tloja! d`lmh ~jf`m jxj| d| j obpa` bg xbi`m xkb s~jt~`n ~b obigbt~ jmn ojai ~kì-

Bmo` ~k` hltas kjn d``m ~jf`m jxj|! _jmntj ~ptm`n jmn s~jt~`n ~b tbo`ss ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`

|bp~ks tbphka|! jmn xjs eblm`n d| Njtaj jmn k`t ~xb jt~m`ts-

Lmsln` ~k` skb! Mlds jabmh xl~k ~k` ~xb h`m~s s`jtok`n ~k` bm` sk` kjn lmm`n ~b ~k`

gabbt jmn ~bbf j <ii jp~bij~lo bp~ jmn ~kt`x l~ jotbss ~k` gabbt- ^k`m xl~k ~k` kà bg ~k` skb

bxm`t! ijmkjmna`n kli bp~sln` jmn nbxm ~k` s~t``~ ~b eblm ~k` bm` Jds kjn ~jf`m ~b ~xb

kà`ts! db~k ojtt|lmh @okb IJ)?3 jssjpa~ tlga`s-

^k`m ~k` slt`ms s~jt~`n ~b d` k`jtn! jmn bm` bg ~k` jnpa~s sjln! ‑K`t` obi`s ~k` ol~| t`sop`

jmn sòptl~| s`twlo`s-’

Jmb~k`t jnpa~ sjln ~b Jds! ‑^àa |bpt gtl`mns ~b h`~ bp~ bg k`t`! a`~ ps jmn ~k` balo` n`ja

xl~k ~k` optt`m~ sl~pj~lbm jmn x`“aa sj| |bp xlaa hlw` s~j~ì`m~s aj~`t- \bp hb~ sbi` mpid`t

~k`| ojm obm~jo~ |bp bm2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` sjln lm tà|- ‑JmmjN`~tloChm`~gpaabth-’

‑Gàabx hkbs~! mlo` ~b i``~ |bp! jaa bg |bp2’ k` sjln lmnloj~lmh ~k` t`s~-

‑\`jk n`glml~à|!’ sk` sjln jmn sk` sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑A`~“s dph

d`gbt` ~k` obs h`~ k`t -’

‑\`jk a`~“s!’ tàl`n Hjt|-

^k` `m~lt` htbp nlsj`jt`n djof ~b xk`t` ~k`| kjn jtf`n ~k`lt dlf`s! psklmh ~kì

jxj| sb js mb~ ~b ja`t~ ~k` ol~| sòptl~| gbto`s-

Jg~`t ~k`| kjn hb~ j skbt~ nls~jmo` jxj|! Mlds obm~jo~`n Sjpa“s htbp! ‑X`“aa i``~ |bp j~

Ils~|“s-’

‑Nbm`!’ tàl`n Sjpa- ‑_`` |bp j~ Ils~|“s-’

Mlds oalid`n bm d`klmn _jmntj xkb flof s~jt~`n ~k` dlf` jg~`t kjmnlmh k`t! ~k` I44! sk`

kàn db~k xklas~ _jmntj ntbw` ~k` dlf`-



~jda` jmn sk` okjmh`n ~k` okjmmà ~b Nlhl~ja M`xs-

^k` ~à` xjs p~ bm jmn sbbm nlsaj|`n Nlhl~ja M`xs! bm` bg ~k` ijlm lm~`tmj~lbmja m`xs

okjmmàs- L~ xjs obw`tlmh ~k` `{jo~ s~bt| gtbi db~k j ob~`t jmn htbpmn ot`xs! bm ~k` sot``m

xjs bm` bg ~k` htbpmn t`bt~`ts xkb xjs apof| `mbphk ~b d` lmsln` ~k` `tli`~`t jmn lmsln`

bm` bg ~k` obiijmn w`kloa`s- K` xjs t`bt~lmh bm ~k` nàb|i`m~ bg gbpt bx`t)jtibpt

`zpl`n @okb ^òk Lmo _òptl~| ^tbbs lm~b ~k` ~jth`~ dplanlmh- K` xjs ojtt|lmh j skbpan`t

ibpm~`n oji jmn xjs xj~oklmh ~k` wjtlbps sot``ms xklok x`t` nlsaj|lmh ~k` wl`xblm~ bg ~k`

gbpt ~tbb`ts js ~k`| `m~`t`n ~k` dplanlmh- J~ ~kj~ blm~ l~ xjs op~ djof ~b ~k` jmokbtijm lm ~k`

s~pnlb- ‑Dlaa! xkj~“s l~ alf` bm ~k` s~t``~s2’

‑Sjmnìbmlpi j~ ~k` ib! _òptl~| gbto`s ls `mhjhlmh j sijaa xàa)jti`n htbp bg

gjmj~los ~kj~ abbf js lg ~k`| xk`t` gbaabxlmh sbi`~klmh tàj~`n ~b ~k` ot`j~pt`- L~ abbfs alf` ~k`

_òptl~| gbto`s jt` d`hlmmlmh ~b h`~ ~k` p`t kjmn xl~k ~k` jttlwja bg ~xb Jabi Hpmskls

gtbi @okb _òlja _òptl~|-’ J abpn `{abslbm xjs k`jtn js j jlt bg tbof`~s kl~ bm` bg ~k`

`mì| s~tbmh)blm~s jmn n`s~tb|`n l~-

Mlds ~kbphk~ ‛Xkj~ ~k` Gpof2 J dl~ `{o`sslw` s`mnlmh lm jm Jabi Hpmskls-“

^k` sot``m x`m~ djof ~b skbx ~k` s~pnlb! nlsaj|`n jabmh ~k` db~~bi bg ~k` sot``m xjs j

dt`jflmh m`xs alm` xklok t`jn! ‛J ilml ijaa xjs lmwbaw`n lm j jti`n tbdd`t| jmn `{abslbm“-

^k` jmokbtijm sjln! ‑Lm j dt`jflmh m`xs s~bt| gtbi Htjmn _bp~k Nls~tlo~- @jtal`t ~kls `w`mlmh

j ilml)ijaa xjs lmwbaw`n lm j kban p- ^k` tbdd`ts n`s~tb|`n l~ xl~k xk`m j ht`mjn` `{abn`n

flaalmh s`w`m lmoapnlmh ~k` ijmjh`t jmn lmeptlmh gbpt- ^k` htbp t`sbmslda` kjw` jat`jn| d``m

jtt`s~`n d| @okb ^òk sòptl~| gbto`s jg~`t j aboja htbp bg olwlaljms ijn` sbi` ol~lu`m jtt`s~s-

Mb b~k`ts jt` d`lmh sbphk~ lm obmmò~lbm! dp~ j htbp bg |bp~ks t bt~`n js jssls~lmh lm ~k`

ol~lu`ms“ jtt`s~s kjw` d``m jsf`n ~b obm~jo~ ~k` m`jt`s~ @okb ^òk _òptl~| djs` sb ~k`lt jt~ lm

~k` lmoln`m~ ojm d` a`jtm`n jmn tpa`n bp~ bg gpt~k`t lmw`s~lhj~lbms-’

‑Bk xàa! j~ a`js~ x` s~laa kjw` sbi` hbbn ol~lu`ms!’ sjln D`` lm t`sbms` ~b ~k` s~bt|-

‑^kjmf |bp D``!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Xkj~2’ D`` abbf`n zpluulojaa| j~ _jmntj-

‑^kjmf |bp gbt |bpt obii`m~6 x` jt` ~k` htbp xkb ~k`| jt` ~jaflmh jdbp~-’

‑Bk- Bf!’ sjln Ht`~u- K`t `|`s b`m`n xlnà| lm spttls`- ‑Xkj~ kj`m`n2’

^k` gbpt hltas ~ban Ils~|“s tjln`ts ~k` `w`m~s ~kj~ kjn ~tjmslt`n ~kj~ `w`mlmh-

‑L“i lit`ss`n-’ Ils~|“s gjo` xjs bm` bg d`lmh lit`ss`n xl~k ~k` b`tj~lbm jmn

bp~obi`-

‑Nbxm ~b dpslm`ss d`gbt` x` oklaa jmn `meb| bptsàw`s L ~klmf!’ sphh`s~`n D`` abbf`n

jtbpmn ~k` tbbi j~ `w`t|bm`-‑D`gbt` x` oji` k`t` x` s`m~ ~kls jg~`tmbbm ~t|lmh ~b xbtf bp~ xkb xbpan xjm~ ~b

`l~k`t s~b Mjtluujm gtbi nàlw`tlmh ~k` tlga`! bt ~b sbi`kbx h`~ j ob| bg l~ gbt t`w`ts`



:0?

`mhlm``tlmh- X` x`t` ~ptmlmh p ì~| bm jaa gtbm~s!’ Mlds sjln abbflmh nltò~a| j~ Ils~|-

‑^kj~ nbm“~ spttls` i`! lg ~k` lmgbtij~lbm x` kjw` ls obttò~! Mjtluujm ls bxm`n wlj

~kt`` b~k`t obijml`s jaa bg xklok jt` pmn`t ~k` obm~tba bg ^k` Njtf Dtb~k`tkbbn!’ tàl`n

Ils~| xklas~ abbflmh j~ k`t-

_k` abbf`n w`t| obmo`tm`n j~ ~kls lò` bg lmgbtij~lbm! js gtbi ~k` g`x t`bt~s sk` kjn

t`jn bm DajofM`~! sjln ~kj~ ~k` Njtf Dtb~k`tkbbn x`t` j htbp mb~ ~b d` i`ss`n xl~k-

‑Gtbi xkj~ i| htbp kjw` d``m jda` ~b a`jtm! ~k` tlga` lmobtbtj~`s sbi` s`tlbpsa|

jnwjmo`n s|s~ìs ~kj~ sbi`kbx okjmh` ~k` dpaa`~ lm~b j djaa bg ajsij jmn jooà`tj~`s l~ ~b

s``ns lm ~k` t`jai bg :033g~"s-’

‑Gòflmh kàa*’ Sjpa abbf`n w`t| obmo`tm`n j~ ~kls m`xs-

‑\`jk L ~klmf sb-’ Ils~| abbf`n j~ xk`t` Sjpa xjs sl~~lmh! sk` ~k`m abbf`n djof j~ ~k` t`s~

bg ~k` Wl{`ms- ‑L nbm“~ fmbx kbx ipok |bp hp|s fmbx jdbp~ ~k` ~jth`~ sl~`-’

‑J al~~a`! Mlds jmn _jmntj x`m~ jmn ~bbf j ab~ bg kb~bs bg ~k` sl~`-’ Hjt| xjs silalmh

xklas~ k` xjs abbflmh j~ k`t-

_k` mb~lo`n ~kls jmn sila`n ‛^kjmf |bp“ lm tà|- _k` ~k`m abbf`n djof j~ Ils~|- ‑\`jk!

:3hlhs xbt~k bg klhk zpjal~| lijh`s jmn wln`b-’

‑Kjw` |bp hb~ l~ k`t`2’ jsf`n D`` xkb ~k`m s~bbn p jmn ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt xj|-

_k` okòf`n k`t bof`~s gbt ~k` ~xb iìbt| ojtns- ‑\`s L kjw`-’ _k` skbx`n ~k` ~xb

iìbt| ojtns-‑^kj~“s ps`gpa!’ t`sbmn`n D`` js sk` nlsj`jt`n bp~ bg ~k` nbbt-

‑Kbx ipok nb |bp fmbx jdbp~ bpt ilsslbm2’ jsf`n Jmhàlzp` xkb xjs abbflmh j~

xk`t` ^lmj jmn Jds x`t` sl~~lmh-

‑Mb~ ipok b~k`t ~kjm |bp d``m ìab|`n ~b n`s~tb| j ajd bt sbi`~klmh!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑\`s x` kjw`! ~k` ajd ls obmnpo~lmh t`s`jtok lm~b sbi` gbti bg dlb)x`jbm-’ Ils~| jasb

abbf`n j~ xk`t` ^lmj jmn Jds x`t` sl~~lmh- ‑^k` x`jbm ls w`t| jnwjmo`n jmn lmwbaw`s sbi`

w`t| jnwjmo`n h`m`~lo xbtf-’Jg~`t j dl~ bg j jps` xkla` ntlmfs x`t` sl`n! Ils~| obm~lmp`n! ‑Gtbi xkj~ x` kjw`

d``m jda` ~b a jtm jdbp~ ~k` sl~` ~k` x jbm ls s~bt`n lm j wjpa~ bm ~k` ~kltn gabbt lm ~k` k`jn bg

T'N“s bgglo`! jmn ls tb~ò~`n d| j obpa` bg `mkjmo`n j~~jof nbhs-’

%%%%%

Gbt j obpa` bg kbpts ~k`| dtjlm)s~bti`n jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` lo~pt`s-

‑L ~klmf l~“s ~li` |bp sjx ~k` gjolal~l`s x` kjw` k`t`!’ sjln Ils~|- ‑L ~jf` l~ Mlds |bp

fmbx jdbp~ obip~`ts jmn àò~tbmlos2’



‑\`jk!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Gbaabx i`!’ sjln D``- Db~k D`` jmn Ils~| hb~ p jmn ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt-

‑Mlds ls mb~ ~k` bma| bm` hbbn j~ àò~tbmlos jmn obip~`ts!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑_btt|!’ sjln D``-

‑Mb xbttl`s!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj-

‑Jmhàlzp`! skbx ~k` b~k`ts ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` jjt~i`m~s bm ~kls a`wà-’ Ils~| s~bbn jmn a`n

Mlds jmn ^lmj bp~ bg ~k` nbbt-

‑Bf Ils~|!’ t`sbmn`n Jmhàlzp`-

^lmj jmn Mlds gbaabx`n Ils~| jmn D`` lm~b Jjt~i`m~ ?- ^k`| `m~`t`n ~k` ijlm alwlmh

tbbi jmn sjx D`` s~`lmh bm ~b j tjls`n `n`s~ja ~b sl~ lm j ajln djof okjlt- Jdbw` ~k` okjlt

xjs j obaaò~lbm bg sbi` jnwjmo`n abbflmh àò~tbmlos-

Mlds abbf`n j~ l~ jmn zpluulojaa| jsf`n! ‑M`ptja g``n2’

‑Mb~ zpl~`!’ tàl`n D`` js sk` lof`n p j sijaa gldt` b~lo ojda` jmn sal`n l~ lm~b j

bt~ eps~ pmn`t k`t tlhk~ `jt-

‑M`ptja lmnpo~lbm!’ tàl`n Ils~|- ‑W`t| jnwjmo`n-’

D`` ~k`m lof`n p j s~tjmh` abbflmh l~ì gtbi j skàg d`klmn xk`t` ~k` k`jn t`s~`n- _k`

ajo`n l~ bm k t k`jn jmn ~k`m ibw n l~ jtbpmn salhk~a| js lg s`~~almh l~-

L~ abbf`n alf` j gjsklbm l~ì ~kj~ bm` bg ~k` m`x tlok xbpan x`jt- L~ obmsls~`n bm ~kt``

tbmhs! bm` tpmmlmh nbxm db~k sln`s bg ~k` k`jn jmn bw`t ~k` ~b lm ~k` o`m~t`- _pnn`ma|

spttbpmnlmh D`` j`jt`n j kbabhtjklo t`t`s`m~j~lbm bg j obm~tba s|s~ì-

‑^k` `m~lt` okjlt! ~k` ~kt`` lm~`talmf`n npja tbo`ssbt dbjtns bw`t ~k`t`! jmn ~k` >3>;~`ttj

hlhs bg jo~lw` s~btjh` jt` obmmò~`n ~b j gpaa M`~Nòf spl~` jabmh xl~k j g`x mbm)tà`js`n

lò`s bg sbg~xjt` gtbi sbi` w`t| hbbn gtl`mns bg ilm`!’ t al`n Ils~| xkb xjs s~jmnlmh

d`klmn j ajth` n`sf xklok kjn! xkj~ abbf`n alf` ~b k`t! j M`~ Lm~`tgjo Obm~tba O`m~t - Bm ~k`

n`sf x`t` s`w`m ibml~bts jmn glw` `{~tj obip~`ts jmn wjtlbps b~k`t lò`s bg `zpli`m~ ibs~

bg l~ xjs bgg- ‑\bp t`jn| |`~ n`jt2’

‑\`jk mbx-’

Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns bg zpl`~ js ~k` sbg~xjt` `{òp~`n ~k` wjtlbps gpmo~lbms l~ kjn ~b

nb d`gbt` j `tsbm x`m~ jo~lw` M`~Tlnlmh- Gajsklmh p ~k` sot``m x`t` j s~t`ji bg w`t| gjs~

okjtjo~`ts-

^lmj xkb s~bbn xl~k Ils~| xjs abbflmh j~ ~k` sot``m jmn js ~k` xbtns! obiijmns jmn

jtli`~ ts sotbaa`n p ~k` sot``m- _k` xjs lm skbof js k`t `| s x`t` jo~pjaa| t`jnlmh ~k` xbtns

js ~k`| ga`x p ~k` sot``m! dp~ k`t dtjlm xjs xbtflmh gjs~ `mbphk ~b jo~pjaa| pmn`ts~jmn ~kì-_k` kjn mb ln`j js ~b xkj~ ~k`| i`jm~! dp~ sk` fm`x xkj~ `jok bm` xjs- Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns

sk` abbf`n jxj| jmn dalmf`n j g`x ~li`s jmn ~k`m abbf`n j~ D`` js sk` xjs jasb abbflmh j~ ~k`



bgg ~k` s|s~ì oabm` Ils~|-’

‑Xlaa nb D``!’ tàl`n Ils~| jmn jg~`t j g`x sòbmns bg w`t| zpl`~ mbls`! jm `{jo~

npaloj~` bg D`` j`jt`n6 xklok xjaf`n lm~b ~k` dplanlmh! ~k` sot``m! Ils~| xjs abbflmh j~!

sal~ lm ~xb- Bm bm` sln` xjs ~k` btlhlmja! ~k` b~k`t ) ~k` oabm`- ^k` oabm`“s lijh` t`npo`n ~b j

sijaa xlmnbx lm ~k` ~b a`g~ obtm`t- Lm ~k` ijlm sot``m D`` oalid`n djof bm ~b k`t dlf` jhjlm

jmn k`jn`n bgg nbxm ~k` s~t``~- W`t| sbbm sk` paa`n p bp~sln` j ~jaa bgglo` dabof! x`m~ nbxm

~k` jaa`|xj| jmn jtbjok`n j sijaa nbbt lm ~k` jaa`|xj|! xklok sk` b`m`n jmn xjaf`n lm

~ktbphk- Ils~| ~k`m sjln js D`` xjs `m~`tlmh j tbbi- ‑Bpt djofnbbt lm~b Mjttlujm Lmo-’ Jg~`t

`m~`tlmh j sijaa tbbi! sk` joo`ss`n ~k` `tsbmmà mji` gla`s gbt jaa ~k` `ba` xkb xbtf`n lm

~k` sl~`-

Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s bg lmgbtij~lbm gajsklmh p ~k` sot``m js D`` t`jn ~k` la` bg

`tsbmmà gla s! D`` a g~ ~k` dplanlmh- Bp~sln` jg~`t oabslmh ~k` nbbt sk` ~k`m ntb`n ~k` i`mp

nbxm jmn t`ss`n ~k` w`t| ~b l~ì jmn ~k` kbabhtjklo nlsaj| nlsj`jt`n jmn D`` tìbw`n

~k` kài`~ jmn ~k`m paa`n ~k` gldt`)b~lo ojda` gtbi k`t mòf-

‑^kj~ xjs j hbbn tpm! ls ~k` oabm` s~laa tpmmlmh Ils~|2’

Jg~`t okòflmh ~k` sot``ms! ‑\`s l~ ls D``- L~ abbfs alf` ~k` tbhtji xbtf`n-’

%%%%%

_jmntj jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp gbaabx`n Jmhàlzp`! Tjokà jmn Ht`~u js ~k`| kjn skbxm

~k` htbp ~k` jtibpt| jmn ~tjlmlmh gjolal~l`s ~k`| kjn joo`ss ~b- L~ xjs lit`sslw` obpa`n xl~k

~k` gjo~ ~kj~ ~k`| kjn jm jo~lw` gltlmh tjmh` jmn obidj~ kbps`-

‑Jm|bm` xjm~ ~b kjw` j hb2’ jsf`n Jmhàlzp`-

‑I`**’ db~k Sjpa jmn k`t sjln ~bh`~k`t-

‑Htjd j obpa` bg x`jbms jmn abjn p bm ijhjulm`s jmn ht`mjn`s jmn gbaabx i`! ~k`

t`s~ bg |bp hb lm ~b ~k` gltlmh tjmh` jmn xj~ok ~k` gpm bm ~k` ibml~bts-’

‑Jaa ~k` ~jth`~s jt` ojtndbjtn jmn mbm` bg ~k` jo~lw` x`jbms jt` jti`n!’ sjln Jmhàlzp`

sjln s~jtlmh j~ Htù~-

‑L“aa ijf` spt` mbx-’ _~jtlmh djof ~k`m sk` nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` kbps`-

‑Bf |bp ~xb! kjw` |bp s``m ~k` skbx @okb ^jo~loja2’ jsf`n Jmhàlzp`-

‑\`s x` kjw`!’ jmsx`t`n Sjpa-

‑^t`j~ l~ alf` ~k` kbs~jh` t`sop`- Flof nbbt! ht`mjn`! jmn ~k`m lm jmn skbb~- Bm` klhk! bm`

abx-’

^k` jlt mbnn`n `m~kpsljs~lojaa|-‑Tlhk~ ~k`m! a`~“s aj|-’

Db~k bg ~kì abjn`n p xl~k j KF:3_N `jok jmn <ii klhk)bx`t`n ls~ba! `lhk~



jmn Hjt| hb~ opsklbms bp~ bg okjlts jmn s`~ ~kì p js kls d`n- Mlds htjdd`n ~k` ~jda`~ jmn ~bbf

l~ xl~k k`t ~b ~k` d`ntbbi- ^k` b~k`ts jaa xjmn`t`n ~b ~k`lt tbbis-

Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla`! Jds fmbof`n bm _jmntj“s nbbt jmn jsf`n! ‑\bp ~xb jxjf`2’

‑\`s x` jt`!’ Mlds tàl`n! ‑Obi` lm |bp ~xb-’

Jg~`t Jds jmn ^lmj zpl`~a| xjaf`n lm! Jds jsf`n k`t! ‑Kbx nln |bp fmbx l~ xjs ~k` ~xb

bg ps jmn mb~ eps~ i`2’

‑L k`jtn |bp ~xb xkls`tlmh lm ~k` obttlnbt jdbp~ mb~ xjflmh Sjpa! Hjt|! Njtaj jmn ~k`

~xlms p-’

‑Bf! dp~ kbx nln |bp k`jt ps ~ktbphk j oabs`n nbbt2’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj-

‑L kjw` mb ln`j!’ sk` sjln! ‑dp~ db~k L jmn _jmntj xjm~ ~b ~àa jdbp~ sbi` okjmh`s lm ~k`

~xb bg ps-’

‑Jmn x` ~xb xjm~ ~b ~àa |bp jdbp~ sbi` ~klmhs x`“w` d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi!’ sjln Jds-

‑Bf!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑\bp glts~-’

^k` jlt sj~ bm ~k` ~xb `js| okjlts xklok ~k`| ntjhh`n bw`t ~b ~k` xk`t` ~k` jlt xjs

sl~~lmh-

‑Bf!’ sjln Jds- ‑L~ s~jt~`n j g`x ibm~ks jhb! i| wlslbm kjs hb~~`m gjt sp`tlbt ~kjm l~

ps`n ~b d`- L ojm s`` ~klmhs oa`jta| j~ gjt ht`j~`t nls~jmo`6 i| k`jtlmh kjs jasb hb~~`m gjt d`~~`t- L

obpan k`jt Sjpa! Hjt| jmn Njtaj ~jaflmh nptlmh ~k` ~jf`nbxm! jmn L obpan k`jt j obpa` bg

sòptl~| bgglo`ts ~jaflmh `jtal`t!’ sjln Jds-

‑L“i h`~~lmh slilajt ~klmhs kj`m ~b i`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑L bw`tk`jtn ~k` gìja` glhpt` gtbi ~k` glts~ s~b ~jaflmh ~b ~kj~ obm~tbaa`t! L fmbx xkj~

`soj`n jmn ~k`| xk`t` ~t|lmh ~b obm~jlm l~!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Xkj~ xjs l~2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑L~“s bm` bg ~k`s`!’ Mlds sjln jmn skbx`n `w`t|bm` xkj~ jm jt~ls~“s lit`sslbm bg j

obms`twj~bt abbf`n alf`- ‑L~ abbfs alf` sbi`bm` kjn d``m jda` ~b ntjx bm` gtbi iìbt|-’ _k`

~k`m sotbaa`n ~k` sot``m jmn salhk~a| gpt~k`t nbxm xjs bm` lm xkj~ abbf`n alf` gpaa obidj~ gabx-

‑Kàa- ^kj~ ~klmh abbfs mjs~|!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Gtbi ~k` xtl~` p l~ ls mjs~|! gbpt jtis! ~jla! ibp~k! oajxs! aps sflm ~kj~ ls alf` mj~ptja

jtibpt! jmn l~“s spbs`n ~b d` jda` ~b xl~ks~jmn j gpaa dpts~ gtbi j k`jw| tjla hpm- ^kls ij|

jasb d` bg lm~`t`s~ js xàa! L kjw` ~k` gpaa sòs bg ~k` jssjpa~ tlga`- L~“s gjt mjs~l`t ~kjm `w`m

Ils~| sjln-’

‑Xkj~ Ils~| n`sotld`n x`t`m“~ dabbn| mlo`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑\`jk L fmbx!’ sk` sjln- ‑Xk`m Ils~| sjln l~ xjs j ajsij x`jbm! L tììd`t s``lmh

sbi` bs~s jdbp~ j x`jbm ~kj~ xjs s~ba`m gtbi ~k` Jojnì|! j sòt`~lw` t`s`jtok o`m~t` ~kj~bma| nb`s t`s`jtok gbt _~t``~ Hkbs~s jmn hkbs~ ~`jis- L~s x`jbms jmn `zpli`m~ jt` gjt

sp`tlbt ~b xkj~ ls jwjlajda` bm b`m ijtf`~-’ _k` jps`n ~b joo`~ ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`



:0<

_jmntj kjn d``m sibflmh- ‑^k` x`jbm ls j ajsij jssjpa~ tlga`6 l~“s zpl~` ojjda` bg op~~lmh

~ktbphk m`jta| jaa optt`m~ dbn| jtibpt jmn zpl~` alfà| ~k` jtibpt bg Njttj Wbm“s ilal~jt|

w`kloa`s- ^b hlw` |bp sbi` ln`j bg ~k` ~òkmbabh| jwjlajda` ~b sbi` _~t``~ Hkbs~ ~`jis! Dajof

Alhk~ obj~lmh gbt jtibpt! jtibpt zpl~` ojjda` bg sptwlwlmh j dpts~ gtbi jm IJ s`tl`s

x`jbm-’

‑Gòf*’ `{oajli`n ^lmj! Jds jmn _jmntj ~bh`~k`t-

‑Jmn gtbi xkj~ |bp kjw` n`sotld`n ~b i` l~ sbpmns alf` x` jt` jaa! jaa gbpt bg ps!

pmn`thblmh ~k` jn`~ ~tjmsgbtij~lbm- ^k` bm` ~klmh xklok ls s~tjmh` ~k`t`“s mbm` bg ~k` pspja

sln`)`ggò~s ~kbphk! ~k` lmot`js`n dt`j~klmh! w`t| gjs~ t`jo~lbms jaa ~k` ~li`- L~ abbfs js lg x`

kjw` j xj| bg obm~tbaalmh l~- L“w` d``m g`àlmh slilajt ~klmhs ~b jaa bg |bp! litbw`n k`jtlmh jmn

spok! kbx gjt l~ xlaa hb! L kjw` mb ln`j!’ sk` sjln! ‑L s~pnl`n jn`~s `lhk~ ibm~ks jhb- J obpa`

bg `ba`! mb~ hkbs~s L ij| jnn! jsf`n i` ~b abbf lm~b jn`~s ~b s`` xkj~ kjn jat`jn| d``m nbm`

lm ~k` xj| bg t`s`jtok- L ~klmf xl~k ~k` jli bg tbnpolmh j j`t bt slilajt lm~b x`j~k`t bt mb~

~k` Jn`~ ^tjmsgbtij~lbm obpan d` opt`n bt lg ~k`| obpan s~jw` bgg ~k` dptmbp~ ~kj~ jaa jn`~s

s`ì ~b spgg`t gtbi jg~`t sl{ ~b s`w`m |`jts-’

‑L fmbx ~k` t`s`jtok |bp jt` ~jaflmh jdbp~!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑L xtb~` j h`m`tja s~pnl`s `ssj| bm

jn`~s jmn ~k` alw`s ~k`| a`jn-’

‑Mb~ mlo` ls l~2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj-‑L ~klmf x` f`` ~kls j sòt`~ gtbi `w`t|bm` às` pm~la x` fmbx xkj~ ls kj`mlmh ~b ps

gjt d`~~`t- L“w` ìjla`n ^ljips jmn kjw` jsf`n lg k` xbpan i``~ i`! j~ a`js~ ~b nlsopss sbi` bg

~k`s` ~klmhs-’

^lmj sjln! ‑Mlds! `jtal`t j~ Ils~|“s |bp x`t`m“~ bm j obi` nbxm- L“w` d``m lm `mbphk

obidj~s ~b fmbx ~kj~ xjsm“~ j obi`nbxm-’

‑Mb l~ x`t`m“~! L kjw` j kbdlj bg smjf`s jmn ~k` bm` j~ Ils~|“s gt`jf`n i` j dl~-’

‑Hbbn!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj! ‑L ~kbphk~ l~ xjs s`tlbps-’‑N``mns bm kbx s`tlbps |bp ~klmf j kbdlj ls jg~`t d`lmh dl~~`m d| j _lmmj|jm

Tlnh`k`jn-’

‑\bp“t` flnnlmh!’ sjln Jds js sk` jss`n Jds ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`-

‑Mb L“i mb~! L xjs bp~ a`jtmlmh kbx ~b sptwlw` xl~k j obpa` bg gtl`mns! bm` t`jt`n p

jmn dl~ i` lm ~k` a`h- ^kjmfgpaa| ~k` jnpa~ xl~k ps! Mlidb! kjn j nbs` bg jm~l)w`mbi- ^k`m j

g`x x``fs aj~`t j ~t`` smjf` gjaas bm i` jmn klss`s tlhk~ lm i| `jt jmn L gt`jf- ^kjmfgpaa| np`

~b b~k`t gtl`mns L ijn` bm i| ebptm`|s L“i jda` ~b obm~tba l~ xk`m bm` ls lm oj~lwl~| jmn L ojm

s`` ~k` ojs`-’

Jds jmn ^lmj db~k a`g~ jmn _jmntj jmn k`t aj| nbxm ~b sa``- Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s _jmntj



xjs jsa``! sk` hb~ p jmn ~bbf ~k` ~jda`~ bgg s~jmnd| jmn obmmò~`n ~b ~k` m`~- _k` fm`x ~kj~

k`t ìjla xbpan dtlmh j t`sbms` w`t| zplofa| gtbi ^ljips- L~ nln! bm ~k` sot``m gajsk`n ~k`

i`ss`mh`t xlmnbx! ‛Kl |bp! kbx ojm L kà |bp2“ xjs nlsaj|`n! Mlds ~|`n j t`~ptm!

‛Wblo`22“ ^ljips tàl`n! ‛|`s“ jmn sxl~ok`n bm ~k` wblo` s|s~ì jmn aphh`n ~k` ilotbkbm`

jmn `jtlò` lm~b ~k` ~jda`~ sb mb~ ~b xjf` _jmntj-

‑Kl Mlds!’ sjln ^ljips-

‑Kl ~b |bp ~bb-’

‑L s~laa tììd`t ~k` obmw`tsj~lbms x` kjn xk`m L xjs t`s`jtoklmh ~klmhs gbt Njil`m!

Kbx ipok bg xkj~ x` ~jaf`n jdbp~ ls ~tp`2’

‑Jaa bg l~!’ sjln ^ljips- ‑^k` tpibpts jdbp~ ~k` Jojnì| d`lmh j t`s`jtok o`m~t` ls

jt~a| ~tp`6 l~“s j sokbba gbt ~k` d s~ bg ~k` d`s~ _~t``~ Hkbs~s- \bp Mlds kjw` d``m sàò~`n ~b

j~~`mn- Xkj~ L ji hblmh ~b ~àa |bp mbx ips~ mb~ hb jm| gpt~k`t-’

‑Bm` tbdaì! _jmntj i| alg` jt~m`t bw`tk`jtn j al`p~`mjm~ ~jflmh ~b j obm~tbaa`t lm j

wjm j~ jm lmoln`m~ `jtal`t ~kls `w`mlmh6 x` fmbx @okb ^òk Lmo xjs ~t|lmh ~b n`s~tb| j

Obms`twj~bt-’

^k` almf x`m~ zpl`~6 ^ljips sjln ‑Gòf!’ k` jps`n! ‑Kbx ipok |bp ajmmlmh bm ~àalmh

`w`t|bm` às`2’

‑Jds jmn ^lmj jasb fmbx! jmn ~k`| kjw` d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi xkj~ L ~klmf ij| d` ~k` glts~

slhms bg Jn`~ ~tjmsgbtij~lbm! `{o`~ xl~kbp~ ~k` mbtija sln` `ggò~s bg lmot`js`n `m`th|

dptm-’

‑Kbx gjt nb |bp ~klmf l~“s tbht`ss`n2’

‑Litbw`n wlslbm! k`jtlmh lm Jds! ^lmj! jmn _jmntj! i| t`jo~lbm ~li`s jt` litbwlmh!

ntjs~lojaa|- L“i jaibs~ s``lmh ~klmhs js ~k`| kj`m! jmn t`jo~lmh ~b l~ js xàa-’

‑X` m``n ~b i``~! i`! |bp! _jmntj! Jds! jmn ^lmj- L kjw` sbi` ~klmhs ~kj~ |bp ips~

k`jt! jmn L xlaa a`jw` l~ p ~b |bp kbx ipok |bp ~àa ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp-’ ^ljips jps`n-

‑L“i mb~ `{jo~a| gt`` pm~la ~k` mlhk~ bg Paa`ji :8~k Jpjt- L“i optt`m~a| ~tjlmlmh gbt j ijebt

s~t``~ glhk~ xl~k _ptjdbm-’

‑:8~k Jpjt! ~kj~“s i| dlt~knj|- Xk`t`“s ~k` glhk~ hblmh ~b kj`m2’

‑Oapd Ilaajmj lm Djtlsflm Nls~tlo~!’ t`sbmn`n ^ljips

‑L“aa s`` |bp ~k`m- Okj~ ~b |bp sbbm ^ljips-’

‑L~“s mb~ ^ljips6 L ps` ~kj~ mji` l~ js j obw`t xk`m L ji hkbs~lmh sbi`~li`s6 i| t`ja

mji` jmn ~k` mji` L glhk~ pmn`t ls Tlokjtn Okjmo`t- L kb` ~b s`` |bp ~kj~ `w`mlmh! L“aa a`~ ~k`

dbpmo ts fmbx |bp jmn |bpt gtl`mns xlaa d` obilmh! eps~ hb ~b ~k` ijlm nbbt jmn sj| |bp jt`

hp`s~s bg Tlokjtn Okjmo`t jmn ~k`| xlaa a`~ |bp ~ktbphk- Okj~ ~b |bp sbbm Mlds! jmn dòjt`gpa-’



nltò~lbm ~b hb-

_k` s~jt~`n j dtlsf xjaf jotbss ~k` s~t``~ ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm tbjn- Js sk` jtbjok`n ~k`

ijlm tbjn bm` bg ~k` ~xb ban`t |bp~ks sk` kjn s``m |`s~`tnj| xk`m a`jwlmh gbt Ils~|“s oji`

bp~ bg k`t gtbm~ nbbt jmn ojaa`n! ‑Kjmh bm-’

_k` s~b`n jmn xjl~`n gbt k`t ~b oj~ok p-

‑Kl!’ sk` sjln xk`m sk` kjn ojphk~ p! ‑L“i Ji|! |bp jt`2’

‑Mldbaj Oja~bm! Mlds ~b i| gtl`mns-’

‑Kl Mlds!’ jmn jg~`t j skbt~ jps`! ‑L tììd`t |bp mbx! db~k i` jmn i| dtb~k`t Dlaa

sjx |bp |`s~`tnj| tlnlmh laalbm xl~k _jmntj-’

‑\`jk |bp nln-’

Gtbi xkj~ sk` obpan s`` ~k` oab~k`s x`t` slilajt ~b ~k` bm`s Mlof kjn xbtm! mbm n`sotl~

jmn ~k` sk``t gjo~ sk` xjs ojtt|lmh j tpofsjof sk` abbf`n alf` sk` xjs hblmh ~b sokbba- ‑\bp

bgg ~b sokbba2’

‑\`jk! bm` bg ~k` Ol~|)tpm npis- L xlsk _ji! i| s~ìb~k`t! kjnm“~ nlsj`jt`n- X`

abs~ k`t lmobi`6 sk` xjs j SJ gbt j Tb~btf WS! xklok jln gbt i` ~b j~~`mn ~k` Tb~btf

Jojnì|-’

‑Jm| ln`j xk| sk` a`g~2’

‑Mb! mbm`- Nphhl`! i| njn! nb`s kls d`s~ dp~ l~ lsm“~ `mbphk sbi` x``fs- Dlaa! i| ban`t

dtb~k t! tpm“s ttjmns gbt ~k` n`ja`ts bm ~k` obtm`t bw`t ~k`t ! sb x` ojm h ~ sbi` gbbn bm ~k`

~jda` sbi` nj|s- L fmbx bm` bg ~k` t`hpajts xjm~s ~b h`~ lm ~b i| fmlof`ts-’

‑Djn apof bm ~k` _ji lssp`- \bp hb~ jm p)~b)nj~` kb~b L obpan dbttbx- L“aa p~ ~k`

lo~pt` p bm j g`x ilsslmh `tsbm hjaa`tl s L fmbx bg-’ _k` abbf`n ibt` oabsà| j~ k`t gjo

jmn t`jn ~k` `{t`sslbm jmn ijmm`t js bm` bg d`lmh n`t`ss`n xl~k ~klmhs- _k` nln jasb xbmn`t

lg ~k` klhk sokbba sk` j~~`mn`n xjsm“~ kàlmh ij~~`ts-

‑^kjmfs! ~k` Wl{`ms jt` sbi` bg ~k` d`s~ jmn mlo`s~ `ba` L fmbx-’

‑^kjmfs- K`| nb`s Dlaa j~~`mn sokbba2’

‑\`jk! lg k` ojm d` db~k`t`n ~b-’

^k` jlt bg ~kì s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` obtm`t6 Mlds s~b`n jmn abbf`n p jmn

nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn! ‑Eps~ ~klmflmh xk`t` L ji hblmh ~b hb-’

’L“i hblmh ~bxjtns ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm bm _T;48-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n jmn eblm`n Ji| js sk` xjaf`n sabxa| lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` gpà)

s~j~lbm- Xk`m ~k` jlt t`jok`n ~k` glts~ sòbmnjt| tbjn epmo~lbm bm ~k` bbsl~` sln`! ~k` jlt

otbss`n ~k` ijlm tbjn-

‑Kbx obi` L kjw`m“~ s``m |bp xl~k ~k` Wl{`ms d`gbt` |`s~`tnj| `w`mlmh2’‑L bma| eblm`n ~k` Wl{`ms ajs~ Gtbnjt-’

‑Bk ~kj~ jt~| ~k`| kjn! db~k i` jmn Dlaa kjn d``m lmwl~`n dp~ Dlaa xjs bp~ nàlw`tlmh



:7?

sbi` ntphs! jmn L nlnm“~ g`à alf` sboljalslmh-’

Js ~k` jlt xjaf`n nbxm ~k` sòbmnjt| tbjn ~k` ~|` bg dplanlmh okjmh`n gtbi ~k` xbbn

gjolj slmha` s~bt`| dplanlmhs alf` ~k` bm` ~k` Wl{`m“ alw`n lm ~b j~ a`js~ ~xb s~bt`| dtlof dpla~

sìl)n`~jok`n! jmn ~k` bnn slmha` bm` bm l~s bxm! ~bxm kbps`s- Ibs~ kjn pmn`tkbps` hjtjh`s j

g`x kjn jm ban ojt bt lm ibs~ ojs`s ojt xtòfs! mb~ ipok hbbn gbt ipok b~k`t ~kjm sjt` jt~s-

Lm sbi` ajo`s ~k` sijaa hjtn`ms ~kj~ gjilal`s ~tl`n ~b opa~lwj~` abbf t`~~| mlo`-

‑Mb~ ~b xbtt|! ijm| ibt` jt~l`s ~b d` kjn-’

_k` bgg`t`n Ji| ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` sk` kjn d``m sibflmh! ‑L kjn d`~~`t xjtm |bp l~“s

pt`-’

‑Kàa xk| mb~!’ Ji| sjln jmn s~b`n jmn sj~ bm j abx xjaa jmn s~jt~`n ~b ot|- _k` sj~

d`sln` k`t jmn xtj`n k`t jti jtbpmn k`t sb ~b obigbt~ k`t-

‑Xkj~“s xtbmh! Ji|2’ sk` sjln lm j sbb~klmh ~bm`-

‑L kj~` hblmh ~b sokbba eps~ “ojps` bg xk`t` L alw`! tlhk~ m`{~ nbbt ~b bm` bg ~k` ijebt

ntph n`ja`ts lm ~k` jt`j- L h`~ lof`n bm! ibs~a| mji`)ojaalmh jmn spok- Ibs~ bg ~k` sokbba

~klmfs L ji bm` bg kls xkbt`s! js k` bxms m`jta| jaa bg ~k` m`lhkdbptkbbn! bma| i| kbi` jmn

xk`t` |bp jt` alwlmh jt` gt`` bg kls oap~ok`s! djt Dlaa- L f`` d`lmh jsf`n ~b h`~ j gt`` sjia`-’

^k` ~`jts x`t` s~laa s~t`jilmh nbxm k`t gjo`-

‑^àa |bp xkj~- L“aa b ~b ~k` sokbba bm` apmok~li` jmn x`“aa s`` kbx ~k` dpaal`s kjmna`

sbi`bm` alf` i`-’‑Xbpan |bp nb ~kj~ gbt i`2’

‑\`jk! L xjs jasb ~k` ~jth`~ gbt dpaal`s j~ sokbba- ^kj~ xjs pm~la L kjn glmlsk`n i| `{jis-

Sj| djof ls j dl~ok-’

‑\bp! dpaal`n! mb xj|2’

‑\`jk! jm|xj| |bp kjw` j dps ~b oj~ok- Lg |bp kjw` jm| jojnìlo tbdaìs b bw`t jmn

L“aa s`` lg L jmn ~k` Wl{`ms ojm kà |bp- L xjs j s~tjlhk~)J s~pn`m~ lm j g`x bg i| spdeò~s!

Kls~bt| jmn Okìls~t| d`lmh ~xb-’‑^kjmfs!’ Ji| sjln jmn ~k` ~xb bg ~kì s~jt~`n ~b xjaf jhjlm- ^k`| t`jok`n ~k` gpà)

s~j~lbm! js ~k` sokbba dps xjs eps~ paalmh p-

‑K`| m`{~ ~li` ~k`| hlw` |bp skl~ ~àa i`-’

‑L xlaa! ~kjmfs jhjlm-’

_k` eps~ sila`n jmn s~jt~`n xjaflmh jhjlm- _k` ~ptm`n nbxm ~k` sòbmnjt| tbjn ~kj~ tjm

d`sln` ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm! ~k`m tlhk~ jmn xjaf`n lm~b j obmw`ml`mo` s~bt` ~b dp| sbi`~klmh ~b `j~-

^k` s~bt` xjs j szpjt` skj` lmsln`! xl~k ~k` djofnbbt lm ~k` djof a`g~ obtm`t6 ~k` xjaas

xk`t` alm`n xl~k ijhjulm`s jmn j`ts! `ms! jmn b~k`t ~klmhs j sijaa obmw`ml`mo` s~bt`

mbtijaa| sban- _k` xjaf`n p ~b ~k` oban)ojdlm`~ jmn okbs` j sjpsjh` tbaa- J~ ~k` obpm~`t sk`



jln gbt l~ jmn a`g~ ~k` skb- Jg~`t a`jwlmh ~k` skb sk` obm~lmp`n bm k`t xjaf jmn ~ptm`n a g~ j~

~k` m`{~ sòbmnjt| tbjn epmo~lbm jmn xjaf`n jabmh ~kj~ tbjn-

%%%%%

Jdbp~ kjagxj| ~ktbphk k`t lm~`mn`n xjaf! sk` ~ptm`n j obtm`t jmn gbpmn k`tsàg lm j opa)

n`)sjo! j~ ~k` `mn bg xklok xjs j ajth` dplanlmh- L~ abbf`n alf` j ~tjnl~lbmja ajo` bg xbtskl! l~

kjn j sijaa slt` s~loflmh gtbi ~k` tbbg j~ ~k` gtbm~- _k` kjn s``m j g`x bm k`t xbtan ~tjwàs jmn

t`jn jdbp~ slilajt ajo`s lm tàlhlbps s~pnl`s jmn kls~bt|! dp~ m`w`t s``m bm` p oabs`! sk` k`jtn

slmhlmh gtbi ~k` b`m nbbts-

_k` ~kbphk~! ‛^kj~“s d`jp~lgpa slmhlmh!“ jmn nòln`n ~b ~jf` j abbf lmsln`- _k` b`m`n ~k`

lmm`t nbbts zpl`~a|! ot`~ lm jmn gbpmn j okjlt j~ ~k` djof! jmn eps~ als~`m`n ~b ~k` ipslo! slmhlmh

jmn ~k` ajs~ ~klt~| ilmp~`s bg ~k` s`twlo`-

J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` s`twlo`! js sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b h`~ p jmn a`jw`! sk` ojphk~ slhk~ bg Jdd`|

jasb sj~ j~ ~k` djof- Jdd`| xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg djhhl`s jmn j ajlm dajof skbt~)sa``w`n ~b!

b~k`t ~kjm ~kj~ sk` abbf`n w`t| ipok alf` mbtija! mb~ ~k` Hjmhtà sk` bt~tj|`n lm sokbba- _k`

hb~ p jmn x`m~ ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt xk`t` ibs~ bg ~k` `ba` kjn hbm`- _k` xjmn`t`n bw`t!

``t`n ~kbphk jmn sjx ~k` `ba` xkb kjn d``m sj~ lm ~k` ijlm kjaa okj~~lmh bw`t ntlmfs jmn

dlsopl~s- _k` sjx Jdd`| s~jmnlmh lm ~k` obtm`t! okj~~lmh xl~k ~k` `tsbm xkb d``m s~jmnlmh p

~k` gtbm~ a`jnlmh ~k` s`twlo`- _k` `m~`t`n ~k` sijaa`t kjaa! xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b Jdd`| jmn sjln!

‑Dbb!’ lm k`t `jt-

‑Bk! kl!’ Jdd`| sjln s~jt~a`n! jg~`t ojailmh nbxm! sk` obm~lmp`n! ‑Kl Mlds! nlnm“~ `{ò~

~b s`` |bp k`t`2’

‑Mb L xjs bp~ xjaflmh ~k` jt`j jmn k`jtn ~k` slmhlmh jmn ipslo jmn hb~ ntjxm ~b als~`m-’

‑Sjs~bt! jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Mlds- Mlds! bpt js~bt N|jm` Ijt~~jm-’

‑L~“s j a`jspt` i``~lmh |bp! Mlds!’ sjln N|jm` ~b k`t- ‑Dp~ L skjaa a`jw` |bp jmn |bpt

gtl`mn ~b okj~!’ jmn ~k` js~bt mbnn`n j~ k`t jmn xjaf`n jxj|-

‑\bp xjm~ j ntlmf Mlds2’ jsf`n Jdd`|-

‑\`jk! bf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn gbaabx`n Jdd`| ~b ~k` kj~ok xk`t` ~k` ~`js xk`t` d`lmh

s`tw`n- ^k` kjaa xjs alhk~ jmn jlt| xl~k jdbp~ glg~``m `ba` s~bbn jmn sj~ okj~~lmh jxj|- Jg~`t

h`~~lmh j obgg``! Jdd`| jmn k`t ~ptm`n jmn x`m~ ~b xk`t` ~k` ila|! sphjt jmn dlsopl~s x`t`!

sbt~lmh bp~ ~k` sx``~m`ss jmn obabpts bg obgg`` ~k`| xjm~`n- ^k`m ~k`| db~k xjmn`t`n bp~sln`

wlj ~k` sln` nbbt ~b ~k` kjaa xk`t` Jdd`| al~ j tbaa)p-

‑Xkj~ jt` |bp nblmh k`t` t`jaa|! Mlds2’ Jdd`| jsf`n-‑Kbm`s~a|! L xjs bp~ xjaflmh ~k` m`lhkdbptkbbn jmn ~ptm`n lm~b ~kls s~t``~ ~b s`` lg l~ kjn

jm jaa`|xj| jmn k`jtn ~k` slmhlmh jmn ipslo-’



:70

‑F! L bma| jsf js L ~klmf L ji ~k` bma| Hjmhtà xkb j~~`mns j Oktldljm)djs`n okptok- L

fmbx ^lmj jmn Sjpa jt` db~k Sjhjmb lm bp~abbf- L nln ~klmf ~kj~ xjs ~k` bp~abbf gbt ibs~ bg ~k`

Wl{`ms-’ Jdd`| ~bbf j ntjh jmn ~k`m ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg obgg``-

‑Mb~ i`- L gbaabx ~k` Jejtm jmn ~kj~ jt`j“s gjl~ks ibt` ~kjm ~k` aboja bm`s! dp~ L ji

jaxj|s p gbt a`jtmlmh ibt` jdbp~ ~k` xbtan“s gjl~ks-’

‑Jtk! sb |bp jt` b`m ~b jaa gjl~ks2’

‑\`s lm j xj|- L g`à l~“s j jt~ bg i| ebptm`| ~b a`jtm! obidlm` jmn pmn`ts~jmn jaa gjl~ks-’

‑Lm~`t`s~lmh!’ t`sbmn`n Jdd`| js ~k`| x`t` eblm`n d| jmb~k`t iìd`t bg ~k`

obmht`hj~lbm

‑Kl Jdd`|! xkb“s |bpt gtl`mn2’

‑Kl Jajm! ~kls ls Mlds! sbi`bm` xkb ls xjaflmh ~k` tbp~` bg ~k` `{abt`t-’

‑Tlhk~!’ Jajm sjln jmn sila`n-

‑L ~klmf L kjn d`~~`t h`~ hblmh!’ sk` sjln jmn s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k`

okptok-

‑Kjmh bm Mlds! ojm |bp jss j i`ssjh` ~b ~k` Wl{`ms gtbi ~k` Kli`ms-’

‑\`jk! mb xbttl`s-’

‑^k` Jo`s jssjpa~`n Kli`ms( kbi`djs` |`s~`tnj| `w`mlmh! ^|i`jm jsf`n ~kj~ L obm~jo~

jaa Hjmhtà pml~s jmn ~àa ~kì- ^|i`jm ij|d` `~l~lbmlmh O`m~tja bw`t ~k` jssjpa~! js l~ oji`

nptlmh ~k` tpsk)kbpt jmn ~k`t` obpan kjw` d``m olwlaljm ojspja~l`s- ^kjmfgpaa| w`t| al~~a`njijh` xjs ojps`n jmn mb ojspja~l`s x`t` t`bt~`n- L~ jasb abbf`n alf` ~k` Jo`s x`t` pslmh alw`

jiib gtbi ~k` IHs ibpm~`n bm ~k`lt lofps-’

‑^àa ^|i`jm ~kj~ L xlaa a`~ ~k` Wl{`ms fmbx!’ sk` sjln lm t`sbms` ~b Jdd`|“s s~j~ì`m~

jdbp~ ~k` Jo`s-

‑S`tsbmjaa| L ~klmf ^|i`jm m``ns ~b nòajt` j Xjt ubm` bm ~k` Jo`s ~b glmlsk ~kls g`pn

bmo` jmn gbt jaa!’ Jdd`| sjln-

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln jmn ~ptm`n djof ~bxjtn ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` okptok sb sk` obpan s~jt~ k`t xjaf djof kbi`-

_k` a`g~ ~k` okptok! xjaf`n djof nbxm ~k` ilmbt tbjn! ~ptm`n a`g~! ~k`m a`g~ jhjlm j~ ~k`

ijlm tbjn epmo~lbm jmn obm~lmp`n p l~! abbflmh jtbpmn j~ ~k` wjtlbps ajo`s- Ibs~ abbf`n tpm)

nbxm dp~! j g`x nln abbf ojt`n gbt- _k` otbss`n ~k` tbjn jmn xjaf`n j skbt~ nls~jmo` ~b j

gbb~j~k! ~ptm`n bm ~b l~! jmn xjaf`n ~b j aboja lò` bg b`m ajmn- _k` k`jn`n gbt j d`mok s`j~

m`jt`s~ ~k` tbp~` lm jmn sj~ nbxm sb sk` obpan tàj{ lm ~k` ibtmlmh spm-

^kbphk~s f`~ xkluulmh ~ktbphk k`t ilmn! jaxj|s obilmh djof ~b ~k` sji` g`x! ~k` bm`s

sk` kjn kjn ~kls ibtmlmh xk`m sk` hb~ p- J m`x bm` s~jt~`n ~b obi` ~b ~k` gbt` js xàa! l~ xjs

bg jm ban xbijm lm k`t 83s! jmn ‛Mlof“ xjs xjaflmh ~ktbphk j Djujjt lm mj~lw` sò~lbm bg



Djtjlsk! M`)P)Djt- _k` xjs d`lmh okjs`n d| j obpa` bg `ba`! ‛xkj~ nln sk` sj| ~b i`2“ _k`

~tl`n ~b t`)ojaa ~k` xbtns- K`t `n`~lo iìbt| gbt obmw`tsj~lbms xjs `{oàa`m~ dp~ sk` nln m``n j

t`g`t`mo` blm~- ‛Hb~ l~!“ sk` ~kbphk~- ‛^kj~ L xjs sbi`bm` w`t| libt~jm~ ~b ~k` gp~pt`! jmn ~kj~

L kjn sòlja hlg~s ~kj~ xbpan jaabx i` ~b ~tpa| glhk~ ~k` `wla ~kj~ xjs obilmh- Xk| nln ~kbs`

~xb hp|s jsf i` xkj~ sk` kjn sjln jmn ~ban i` ~b xjl~ gbt ~kì ~b t`~ptm-“

Jg~`t sl~~lmh jmn tàj{lmh lm ~k` jtf gbt jdbp~ ~klt~| ilmp~`s! sk` hb~ p jmn obm~lmp`n p

~k` gbb~j~k ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm tbjn! xk`t` sk` otbss`n l~ jmn xjaf`n p jmb~k`t ilmbt tbjn6

xklok obm~jlm`n slilajt kbpslmh ~b ~k` bm`s bm ~k` s~t``~ xk`t` Kbi` djs` xjs- J~ ~k` b~k`t

`mn sk` ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn xjaf`n nbxm ~k` sòbmnjt| tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` tbjn xk`t` kbi` djs`

xjs-

Jg~`t ~ptmlmh ~k` ajs~ dp~ bm` obtm`t d`gbt` sk` xbpan d` djof bm kbi` s~t``~! sk`

dpi n lm~b Jmnt`s Op~~`ts! sbi`bm` sk` fm`x gtbi ~k` xbtf sk` nln xl~k ~k` Oji`tbm

Tjln`ts-

‑Jmnt`s- Xkj~ jt` |bp nblmh k`t`2’ sk` jsf`n

‑Nb L fmbx |bp2’ tàl`n Jmnt`s abbflmh sbi`xkj~ s~jt~a`n d| ~k` `tsbm s~jmnlmh lm

gtbm~ bg kli-

‑\`s |bp nb! l~s t`s`jtok`t Mlof-’

‑Kàab Mlof22’ K` abbf`n puua`n j~ Mlds-

‑Mb! l~“s mbx Mldbaj Oja~bm bt Mlds-’

‑Bf! sbtt|! L“i tòbmmlmh ~kj~ dplanlmh-’ K` blm~`n bp~ ~k` bgglo` dabof salhk~a| nbxm

~k` s~t``~ bm ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` tbjn-

‑Xkj~ gbt2’ sk` jsf`n

‑J tjln- I| optt`m~ ~`ji kjs lmgbtij~lbm ~kj~ jm `{)jssbolj~` bg ~k` ~`ji“s a`jn`t ls

~tjnlmh lm laa`hja hbbns jmn s`twlo`s-’

‑Alf`2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` sjx j htbp bg `ba` h`~ bp~ bg j ilml)dps jmn xjaf ~bxjtns

~k` gtbm~ nbbt- ^k` nbbt b`m`n jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns xjl~

‑Mb~ spt` `tsbmjaa|! l~ abbfs alf` l~ ij| lmoapn` sajw`s jmn laa`hja o|d`tm`~los! bsslda`

dlbm`~los js xàa-’

‑Bk! mb~ hbbn-’

‑Mb! mb~ hbbn-’

‑L skjaa a`jw` |bp ~b |bpt lm~àalh`mo` hj~k`tlmh!’ sk` sjln-

‑^kjmfs! okj~ ~b |bp sbbm Mlof! sbtt| Mlds!’

‑^kj~“s d`~~`t! |`jk okj~ ~b |bp sbbm-’

Xk`m sk` hb~ djof! sk` `m~`t`n ~k` kbps` wlj ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn sjx sk` d``m bp~ gbt ~kt`` kbpts- ‑Dabbn| kàa!’ sk` sjln! ‑^kt`` kbpts L bma| xjm~`n ~b d` bp~ jm kbpt-’

‑Xk`t` |bp d``m ~k`m2’ jsf`n ^lmj js sk` abbf`n p gtbi abbflmh j~ sbi` x`d m`xs



:78

s~bt| bm sbi` laa`hja dlb~òk ~kj~ xjs d`lmh sban ~b pmspsò~lmh `ba`-

‑Bp~ kjwlmh j xjaf `{abtlmh ~k` jt`j!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- _k` xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b xk`t` sk`

kjn a`g~ k`t aj~b bm okjth` ajs~ mlhk~! lof`n l~ p jmn t`ss`n ~k` bx`t dp~~bm xklok

dtbphk~ ~k` aj~b bp~ bg kld`tmj~lbm- _k` p~ ~k` aj~b nbxm bm ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt-

‑L kb` |bp nbm“~ ilmn L dbttbx |bpt ~jda`~ gtbi |bpt tbbi2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑Mb kpm! eps~ d` ojt`gpa js l~“s ~k` bma| ajo` L kjw` sbi` tbeò~ xbtf-’

‑Bf! L xlaa d`- L“i bma| abbflmh j~ m`xs s~btl`s gtbi bm` bg ~k` s~t``~ m`xs s`twlo`s-

Jg~`t ajs~ mlhk~“s okj~! xk`m L xbf` p L oji` bp~ k`t` jmn gà~ ~k` pth` ~b lof l~ p jmn s~jt~

~b abbf j~ ~k` xln`t xbtan! tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` bm` ~k` j`ts glaa ps xl~k!’ sjln ^lmj! sk` ~bbf j sl

bg obgg``

‑Xklok bm` |bp abbflmh j~! sbi` jt` d`~~`t ~kjm b~k`ts2’

Jds xjmn`t`n lm x`jtlmh k`t obw`tjaas jmn x`m~ s~tjlhk~ bp~ ~k` gtbm~ nbbt xklok sk`

kbbf`n b`m-

_jmntj w`t| sbbm xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` obttlnbt! w`t| ipok jxjf` jmn t`jn| gbt nblmh

sbi`~klmh- Xkj~! sk` kjn mb ln`j |`~- ‑Xk`t`“n |bp hb djd`2’ sk` jsf`n Mlds xk`m sk` sjx

k`t sl~~lmh j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt-

‑Bp~ `{abtlmh kpm- L dpi`n lm~b Jdd`| j~ j aboja Oktldljm okptok!’ tàl`n Mlds- ‑_k`

jsf`n i` ~b jss bm j i`ssjh` ~b |bp hp|s!’ jmn Mlds ~k`m x`m~ bm ~b ~àa _jmntj jmn ^lmjxkj~ Jdd`| kjn ~ban k`t-

‑_kl~!’ sk` sjln! ‑L kb` k` nb`sm“~ d`gbt` ~k` ajs~ hji` bg ~k` s`jsbm! ^|i`jm ls j al~~a`

kb~ k`jn`n j~ ~li`s-’

‑Xkj~2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑Kl kpm!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj jmn zplofa| glaa`n Jds lm bm xkj~ kjn d``m sjln-

Mlds b`m`n M`~Wl`x`t bm ~k` aj~b! abhh`n lm~b k`t M ~Ijla joobpm~ jmn okòf`n k`t m`~ijlas- _k` sjx ~kj~ sk` kjn ~kt`` m`x m`~ijlas6 bm` gtbi Epi! bm` gtbi Xbmh jmn j sji

i`ssjh`- _k` b`m`n ~k` bm` gtbi Epi ‟

L~“s d``m j xkla`- Db~k i` jmn Xbmh kjn ~kbphk~ |bp kjn gbthb~~`m ~k` ~xb bg ps-

Kbx“s ~klmhs! s~laa ~tjwàalmh ~k` xbtan bt kjs |bpt jt`m~s s~b`n2222

Db~k bg ps jt` mbtijaa| bmalm` lg x` mb~ xbtflmh-

Okj~ ~b |bp w`t| sbbm db~k ps kb`-

Epi-

^k` ìjla gtbi Xbmh xjs slilajt! dp~ sk` jnn`n L kb` |bp kjw` gbpmn j jt~m`t2



_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` tà| jnnt`ss`s gbt db~k ~k` ìjlas jmn sjx ~k`| kjn d``m s`m~ gtbi j

DajofM`~ joobpm~ xklok skbx`n ~kj~ ~k`| db~k kjn i`ss`mh`t abhh`n lm-

‑^lmj! ojm L kjw` ~k` ~jda`~ a`js`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑\`jk! mb tbdaìs!’ tàl`n ^lmj! jmn jss`n ~k` ~jda`~ ~b k`t- Jg~`t jsslmh ~k` aj~b

djof ~b lmj! sk` b`m`n ~k` obm~tba jmà! s aò~`n ajmhpjh` b~lbms! jmn okjmh`n ~k` lmp~

s|s~ì ~b Ejttujtljm- _k` ibw`n jmn sj~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k` gltàjo`! b`m`n k`t hkbs~ i`ss`mh`t

jmn s~jt~`n j obmg`t`mo`- _k` ~k`m lmwl~`n db~k Epi jmn Xbmh ~b ~k` obmg`t`mo` tbbi- ^k`|

db~k joo`~`n jmn nlsaj|`n xjs! ‛Kl Mlds22“

_k` lmp~~`n! ‛ABA |bp 4! l~s Mlof!“ ~k`m jg~`t j skbt~ jps` sk` obm~lmp`n ~b sotld`! ‛L“w`

okjmh`n slmo` L a`g~ Ejttujt- L mb abmh`t hb d| ~kj~ mji`! L hb d| ~k` mji` Mldbaj Oja~bm bt

Mlds gbt skbt~-“

‛Mldbaj Mlds Oja~bm!“ tàl`n Epi- ‛Lm~`t`s~lmh mji`! kjw` |bp hbm` gpaa)~li` d| sbi`

okjmo`2“

‛\`s!“ sk` s`m~ djof- _jmntj fmà~ d`klmn k`t jti jmn ~bbf j abbf j~ ~k` ~jda`~ sot``m-

‑Mj~lw` Ejttujtljm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk kpm!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑J~ sbi` blm~ L“aa ~`jok |bp ~k` djslos-’

_k` ~k`m s`m~! ‛Kbx hbbn ls |bpt djslo2“

Db~k bg ~kì s`m~ djof! ‛Mb~ ~bb djn! xk|2“

‛L kjw` gtl`mns k`t` xkb nbm“~ t`jn Ejttujtljm-“

‛Bf!“ xjs s`m~ djof js ~k` tà|-

_k` ~k`m p~ ~k` lmp~ s|s~ì djof ~b djslo jmn s`m~! ‛^kj~“s d`~~`t-“

Xbmh s`m~! ‛Xkb“s xl~k |bp ~k`m2“

‛I| jt~m`t _jmntj ls optt`m~a| t`jnlmh ~k` sot``m js x` okj~-“

‛Jk!“ oji` ~k` tà|-

‛_k` sj|s kl!“ sk` `m~`t`n! ‛Js nb ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms-“

‛_j| kl djof!“ `m~`t`n Xbmh-

‛Kbx jt` ~klmhs bw`t ~k`t`2“ sk` sotld`n-

‛Obpan d` d`~~`t! ~k` obts jt` kpt~lmh j ab~ bg `ba` xl~k tlo` tls`s-“

‛W`t| ipok alf` k`t` `{o`~ ~k`| tln` tbphkskbn bw`t `ba`“s tlhk~s js xàa-“ J~ ~kls

obii`m~ _jmntj sila`n jmn flss`n k`t bm ~k` gbt`k`jn-

‛L kb` sbi`bm` bt j htbp jt` hblmh ~b ~jf` ~k` glhk~ ~b ~k` obts sbbm!“ s`m~ Epi! ‛Js l~

xbm“~ d` abmh d`gbt` ~k`| jaa dp~ tpm ~k` obpm~tl`s bg ~k` xbtan-“

Mlds ~|`n ~k` tà|! ‛L~ xbpan obs~ ~kì ~bb ipok bg ~k`lt tbgl~ ijthlm ~b jo~pjaa| tpm

~k` obpm~tl`s gbt ~k` ~li` d`lmh! Mjdjm kjs d``m ~jf`m bw`t d| Tb~btf ^k`jdjm- L ~klmf j ab~ bg obtbtj~lbms xlaa s`` kbx ~klmhs jm bp~ xl~k ~kì-“

‛^kj~ ls ~tp`!“ tàl`n Xbmh-



:7<

‛_bn ~k` ~jaf jdbp~ obts jmn hbw`tmi`m~s! p ajmmlmh bm wlsl~lmh ps k`t` lm Ejttujt sbbm-

L fmbx j g`x bg ~k` `ba` |bp i`~ j~ ~k` jt~| xbpanm“~ ilmn s``lmh |bp jhjlm jmn sj|lmh kl!“

s`m~ Epi-

‛J~ sbi` blm~ L xlaa!“ sk` tàl`n! ‛L kjw` mb ln`j xk`m ~kbphk- Ls l~ bsslda` gbt |bp ~b

s`mn i` ~k` a`h`mn bg _jit2“

‛\`jk mb tbds! x`“aa ìjla |bp l~ ~bibttbx sbi`~li`-“

Jg~`t jmb~k`t ~x`m~| ilmp~`s bg oj~oklmh p xl~k Epi jmn Xbmh! ~k`| db~k x`t` ~lt`n

jmn m``n`n ~b h`~ sbi` sa`` js ~k` ajs~ g`x nj|s kjn d``m s~t`ssgpa-

_k` p~ ~k` ~jda`~ bm s~jmnd| jmn ajo`n l~ bm ~k` obgg``)~jda`- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n ~b h`~

okjmh`n lm~b sbi` oab~k`s sk` obpan h`~ nlt~| xl~k bla jmn ht`js`- Jg~`t okjmhlmh sk` k`jn`n

bp~sln` ~b eblm Jds xbtflmh bm k`t dlf`-

Xk`m sk` xjaf`n bp~ sk` obpan s`` Jds kjn tìbw`n ~k` gpà)~jmf jmn kjn ~k` ijlm

ntlw`)okjlm bgg ~k` t`jt xk`à- _k` xjs jdbp~ ~b tìbw` ~k` h`jtdb{ obw`t sb sk` obpan gt`` ~k`

okjlm! xklok xbpan jaabx k`t ~b tìbw` ~k` `mhlm` tb`t- _k` obpan s`` ~k` ~lilmh okjlm

ojslmh xjs bgg gtbi k`t j~~jof bm l~ bm ^btdjt ibtmlmh-

‑\bp bp~ k`t` ~b kà Mlds2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑\`s L ji!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Hbbn- Hb jmn h`~ i` ~k` kbls~ gtbi lmsln` ~k` hjtjh`-’

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln xl~k j sila`! ~ptm`n jmn x`m~ lm~b ~k` hjtjh`- L~ gbaabx`n ~k` bp~sln` xjaasbg ~k` kbps`- ^b ~k` tlhk~ js sk` xjaf`n lm xjs jm jt`j ijtf`n bgg d| dajof k`jw| sk``~lmh! sk`

t`jals`n ~kj~ xjs ~k` htbxlmh jt`j- Lm ~k` ijlm jt`j kpmh bm ~k` djof xjaa x`t` ~bba tjofs!

sbi` bg ~k` ~bbas x`t` ilsslmh! sk` t`jals`n ~kj~ ~k`| x`t` ~k` ~bbas Jds xjs pslmh- Sjtf`n ~b

~k` a`g~ x`t` _jmntj“s! Sjpa“s jmn ^lmj“s dlf`s! Eps~ d`klmn ~kì x`t` ajth` gabbt)s~jmnlmh

i`~ja opdbjtns! jaa bg ~kì kjn s~bp~ k`jw| abofs! aboflmh ~k` nbbts oabs`n- _k` kjn jm ln`j

~kj~ ~k`| obm~jlm`n ~k` Wl{`m“s glt`jtis- Aboj~`n m`{~ ~b j ajth` xbtf~jda` xjs ~k` kbls~ Jds

xjm~`n-_k` xk`à`n l~ bp~ ~b ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn abx`t`n ~k` ~xb salmhs! ijflmh spt` ~kj~ l~ xjs

mb~ hblmh ~b tbaa- _k` ~k`m gl{`n ~k` salmhs ~b ~k` `mhlm` dabof js Jds tìbw`n ~k` aboflmh mp~

bg ~k` okjlm stbof`~- Jds xbtf`n j sot`xntlw`t d`klmn ~k` obh jmn a`w`t`n l~ bgg! pm~la l~

ntb`n jxj| jmn x`m~ oajmh bm ~k` ~jtijo- Jds pmdba~`n ~k` ~xb dba~s gtbi k`t sln` jmn

jss`n ~k` ~bba ~b k t sb sk` obpan tìbw` ~k` bm` dba~ bm k t sln` jmn ~k` dba~ j~ ~k` t`jt bg ~k`

`mhlm`-

Jds x`m~ lm~b ~k` hjtjh` jmn ~bbf! gtbi j tjof kpmh gtbi ~k` o`lalmh! j gaj~ ~tbaa`|! xklok

sk` ajo`n bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` ~b Mlds jmn ~k` kbls~- ‑Alg~ ~k` `mhlm` p j obpa` bg lmok`s sb L



ojm sxlmh l~ bp~ jmn ~k`m abx`t l~ ~b ~k` ~tbaa`|-’

‑Bf!’ Mlds tàl`n jmn b`tj~`n ~k` xlmok iòkjmlsi xklok alg~`n ~k` `mhlm` ~kt``

lmok`s! xklok jaabx`n Jds ~k` tbbi ~b paa ~k` `mhlm` bp~! js ~k` `mhlm` sxpmh bp~ sk`

tà`js`n ~k` ~`mslbm pm~la l~ sj~ bm ~k` ~tbaa`|- J~ ~kls blm~ Jds sila`n jmn tìbw`n ~k` salmhs-

Js Jds psk`n ~k` `mhlm` lm~b ~k` xbtfskb! sk` gbaabx`n psklmh ~k` kbls~-

Xk`m ~k` kbls~ xjs d`sln` ~k` ajth` xbtfd`mok Jds tà`js`n ~k` kbls~ iòkjmlsi jmn

ajo`n ~k` x`ddlmh pmn`t ~k` ~tbaa`|! sk` ~k m t`)kbbf`n ~k` x`ddlmh ~b ~k` kbls~“s kbbf- ‑Ojm

|bp alg~ ~k` `m~lt` ~klmh ~b ~k` ~jda` jmn ijf` spt` ~k` xk`às jt` lm ~k` kba`s-’

‑\`jk!’ sk` t`sbmn`n s``lmh ~k` gbpt kba`s lm ~k` d`mok ~b- _k` b`tj~`n ~k` kbls~! jmn

d`hjm ~b alg~ ~k` `m~lt` ~klmh! `mhlm` jmn ~tbaa`|- Xk`m l~ xjs klhk mbphk sk` sxpmh ~k` xkba`

~klmh jtbpmn jmn abx`t`n l~ sb ~k` ~tbaa`|“s xk`às x`t` lm ~k` gbpt kba`s-

Jds x`m~ bp~sln` jmn hj~k`t`n ~k` ~bbas sk` kjn ps`n ~b tìbw` ~k` `mhlm` gtbi ~k`

gtji` jmn ajo`n ~kì bm ~b bg j ajth` i`~ja ~bba db{ xklok sk` xk`à`n bw`t ~b ~k` d`mok

jmn b`m`n ~k` ~kltn ntjx- _k` tìbw`n j oaji ~bba xklok sk` ajo`n bm ~k` ~b bg ~k` `mhlm`

jmn abof`n ~k` stbof`~ ~kj~ b`tj~`n ~k` ojis lm ajo`-

‑Xk| ~k` oaji2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑L kb` l~s hblmh sjw` bm tòjaldtj~lmh ~k` tbof`t jtis xk`m x` p~ ~k` ~lilmh okjlm djof

bm-’

‑Tlhk~-’

D``! d``! d`` oji` gtbi j sijaa db{ bm ~k` xjaa! ~k`m ^lmj“s wblo` xjs k`jtn!

‑Obgg`` |bp ~xb-’

Jds xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~k` lm~`tobi! ~k`m t`ss`n ~k` ht``m dp~~bm jmn sjln! ‑^kjmfs sx``~!

d` tlhk~ p-’

‑Bf kpm!’ xjs k`jtn jg~`t Jds kjn tà`js`n ~k` dp~~bm- Jds ~k`m htjdd`n j ejt bg n`)

ht`js`t jmn ~k` jlt xjmn`t`n bp~ bg ~k` hjtjh` jmn p ~k` s~jlts ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! xklok xjs

s~laa b`m gtbi `jtal`t-

Lmsln` _jmntj xjs s~bbn j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt okblmh w`h`~jda`s! Sjpa xjs sl~~lmh j~ ~k`

obip~`t xbtflmh jmn ^lmj xjs sl~~lmh bm ~k` sbgj abbflmh j~ ~k` nlhl~ja lo~pt`s _jmntj jmn k`t

kjn ~jf`m ~k` nj| d`gbt`- _k` xjs jasb ntlmflmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` j op bg obgg``- ^k`

`tobaj~bt eph xjs ~kt` zpjt~`ts gpaa s~bbn lmwl~lmha| m`{~ ~b ~k` obbf`t-

‑Xkj~ |bp nblmh kpm2’ sk` jsf`n _jmntj js sk` flss`n _jmntj bm ~k` tlhk~ ok``f-‑Nlmm`t kpm!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

’Xkj~2’ sk` jsf`n `{ò~jm~a|-



:8:

‑Xjl~ jmn s``!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

Jds sjln ~b k`t! ‑\bp hblmh ~b xjsk ~kbs` kjmns2’

‑\`jk L ji!’ sk` tàl`n jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` slmf- _k` sobb`n bp~ sbi` bg ~k` n`)ht`js`t

~k`m xjsk`n k`t kjmns jmn ntl`n ~kì bm ~k` ~bxà Jds jss`n k`t-

Jds jmn k`t ~k`m x`m~ jmn bpt`n bp~ ~xb obgg``s- _k` b`m`n ~k` gtlnh` jmn ~bbf bp~ ~k`

ila| ojt~bm jmn bpt`n sbi` lm~b k`t obgg``- _k` ~k`m bgg`t`n ~k` ojt~bm ~b Jds xkb joo`~`n l~

jmn nln ~k` sji`- _k` ~k`m sobb`n ~xb sbbmgpas bg sphjt lm~b k`t op! ~k`m s~ltt`n ~k` obgg``

xkla` xjaflmh ~b bm` bg ~k` jti okjlts jmn sj~ nbxm-

Jds sbbm eblm`n k`t d| sl~~lmh bm ~k` sbgj- _k` lof`n p ~k` nlhl~ja tbeò~bt tìb~` jmn

pslmh l~ sxl~ok`n l~ bm ~k`m sàò~`n bm` bg ~k` `m~`t~jlmi`m~ okjmmàs xklok x`t` skbxlmh j

t``j~ bg sbi` jo~lbm s`tl`s djs`n jtbpmn sbi` àl~` obtbtj~` sòptl~| ~`ji! xkb lm ~kls

`lsbn` xjs kpm~lmh j s`tlja tjls~ jmn iptn`t`t xkb xjs tjijhlmh ~ktbphk ~k` obtbtj~lbm“s

`moajw`s-

Sjpa ~ptm`n tbpmn jmn sjln! ‑Mlds L ij| kjw` gbpmn |bp |bpt dlf`-’

‑Ii!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! hb~ p jmn xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~k` obip~`t- _k` sjx bm ~k` sot``m ~k`

dlf`- L~ xjs j Ojtnntj <03h_[- ‑Bk w`t| mlo !’ sk` sjln xk m sk` sjx ~k` lo~pt`! ‑kbx ipok

jt` ~k`| sàalmh lg gbt2’

‑^k` ìjla ~kj~ l~ oji` xl~k sjln mb~klmh! ~k` `tsbm xkb xjm~s l~ ips~ obaaò~ ~kbphk!’

tàl`n Sjpa-‑Xkb“s sàalmh l~2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑^|dljs Il~~`m!’ tàl`n Sjpa! ‑~k` ìjla sj|s k`“s eps~ phtjn`n jmn xjm~s l~ ~b hb ~b j

hbbn kbi`! k` tììd`t`n kbx ipok ~k` Wl{`ms abw` ~k`lt dlf`s jmn sb x` kjw` glts~ t`gpsja

bm l~-’

‑L“aa ~jf` l~!’ sk` sjln-

‑L“aa ~jf` |bp Mlds!’ sjln ^lmj- ‑L fmbx xk`t` ^|dljs alw`s- L~“s eps~ bw`t ~k` tlw`t lm

X`s~`t Sjtf-’‑Bf- L“aa ìjla kli djof jmn ~àa kli!’ Sjpa t`sbmn`n- ‑Xk`m |bp hblmh ~b h`~ l~2’

‑Xk`m ls hbbn gbt |bp Mlds2’ jsf`n ^lmj

‑Kbx abmh ls ~k` xbtf bm |bpt dlf` hblmh ~b ~jf` Jds2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑J obpa` ibt` kbpts! L xbpan hp`ss!’ tàl`n Jds-

‑^kls `w`mlmh ~k`m L hp`ss!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa-

‑\`jk L ~klmf sb!’ sk` sjln ~k`m t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` jti okjlt ~b glmlsk k`t obgg``- Xk`m Jds

jmn k`t kjn glmlsk`n ~k`lt obgg``s ~k`| db~k xjsk`n ~k`lt ops p jmn tbo``n`n ~b t`~ptm ~b ~k`

hjtjh` xk`t` Jds abjn`n k`t l`! al~ l~! ~k`m ~bbf j obpa` bg ntjhs bm l~- _k` jss`n l~ ~b Mlds

jabmh xl~k ~k` alhk~`t- _k` joo`~`n l~ jmn glmlsk`n l~! sk` jss`n ~k` l` djof ~b Jds-



:8?

‑Bf!’ Jds sjln! ‑L~ s~jt~s xl~k j htbp bg sl{ |bpmhlsk `ba` sabxa| ibwlmh nbxm j

obttlnbt ~bxjtns j dlh s`~ bg nbpda` nbbts! ~k`m spnn`ma| x` jt` lmsln` j tbbi glhk~lmh lm oabs`

obidj~ pslmh x`jbms ~kj~ abbf js lg ~k`| jt` habxlmh- ^k` dlhh`s~ nlgg`t`mo` ls ~kj~ ~k` ~klmhs

x` jt` glhk~lmh! ~k`| mb~ `{jo~a| kpijm- ^k` bm` L“i glhk~lmh ls spl~`n lm sbi` gbti bg k`jw|

jtibpt jmn l~“s sxlmhlmh j s~jgg alf` x`jbm xl~k j hajss ojs` bm ~k` `mn! ~k` ojs` obm~jlms j

sijaa xbti alf` ot`j~pt` ~kj~ abbfs alf` l~ ls xtl~klmh jtbpmn lm jhbm|- L“i daboflmh ibs~ bg ~k`

s~tlf`s jmn nbnhlmh ~k` bm`s L nbm“~ dabof-’

‑Nb |bp tòbhmlu` jm| bg ~k` b~k`t obidj~jm~s2’

‑\`s L nb! lml~ljaa| L sjx bma| ^lmj jmn _jmntj! dp~ L kjn ~k` nt`ji jhjlm ajs~ mlhk~ jmn L

tòbhmlu`n |bp lm l~- ^k` b~k`t ~xb `ba` jt` gpuu|! ~k` tbbi l~sàg ls jasb gpuu| sb ~kj~ nbm“~

kà lm ~àalmh ps xk`t` x` jt`- Xkj~“s s~tjmh` ls ~kj~ |bp jt` glhk~lmh j ajth` ot`j~pt` xl~k ab~s

bg ~`m~joa`s jmn |bp jt` ibwlmh sb gjs~! ~kj~ |bpt s~tlf`s jt` eps~ dapts- L jasb mb~lo`n gbt ~k`

glts~ ~li` ajs~ mlhk~ ~kj~ L s`ì ~b d` zpl`~a| okjm~lmh sbi`~klmh! L nbm“~ pmn`ts~jmn ~k` xbtns!

dp~ L nb fmbx l~“s slilajt ~b ~k` okjm~s ^lmj jmn Sjpa ps` xk`m obmnpo~lmh ~k`lt Sjhjmb

o`tìbml`s-’

‑W`t| lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln! ‑Ojm |bp n`sotld` ~k` b~k`t ot`j~pt`s2’

‑Mb~ t`jaa|! L“i obmo`m~tj~lmh bm ~k` bm` L“i glhk~lmh6 j~ a`js~ bm` bg ~kì ls kpijm jmn

ls glhk~lmh _jmntj-’

Jds d`m~ nbxm jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` bla aph kba` xklok xjs mbx ntllmh ~k` ajs~ bg ~k` bla-‑Mlds ojm |bp jss i` j :3ii japi f`| a`js`-’

‑Mb tbdaì!’ sk` sjln jmn xjaf`n jtbpmn ~b ~k` ~bba db{ jmn gbpmn ~k` ~bba bm ~k` ~b

bg ~k` db{- _k` ~k`m jss`n l~ ~b Jds jg~`t ~jlmh k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t ~b lmnloj~` ~kj~ sk` kjn

gbpmn ~k` ~bba-

Jds mbnn`n jmn ~bbf ~k` japi f`| jmn s~jt~`n ~b tìbw` ~k` gbpt mp~s ~kj~ kàn ~k` otjmf

ojslmh lm ajo`- Jg~`t sk` kjn abbs`m`n ~k` ajs~ bm` sk` abx`t`n ~k` ojslmh jmn ajln l~ bm ~k` ~b

bg ~k` dbxa- _k` glsk`n bp~ ~k` ~lilmh okjlm gtbi ~k` ojslmh jmn sjx ~kj~ j~ a`js~ bm` bg ~kàlmfs kjn dtbf`m jmn j g`x b~k`ts x`t` d`m~- ‑Bf! ~kj~ ij| `{ajlm ~k` `mhlm` bx`t abss L“w`

gà~ js xàa-’

Jg~`t aj|lmh ~k` okjlm bp~! Jds sjx l~ x`t`m“~ eps~ j obpa` bg almfs! ‑Bk xàa L“i hblmh

~b m``n j m`x ~lilmh okjlm! xklok L ij| jsf ^lmj bt |bp ~b h`~ xk`m |bp ~xb hb jmn h`~ |bpt

dlf` aj~`t-’

‑Mb tbdaì! nb`s ^lmj fmbx xk`t` ~b h`~ l~ gtbi2’

‑\`jk! ^|dljs“!’ t`sbmn`n Jds jmn obm~lmp`n d`gbt` sk` obpan jsf6 ‑k`“s bm` bg bpt

ijlm dlf` jt~s spal`t-’

‑Jtk! bf-’



‑Lg k`“s mb~ hb~ bm` lm! k` xlaa fmbx xk`t` ~b h`~ bm` gtbi- Okjmh` bg spdeò~ js jaa bg

bpt dlf`s kjw` j~ a`js~ ~xb klnn`m jt`js xk`t` x` s~bt` bpt glt`jtis jmn js L ji ~k` Wl{`ms

`{`t~ xk`m l~ obi`s ~b xànlmh- L xjs xbmn`tlmh xkj~ ls |bpt t`g`tt`n glt`jti! ibs~ bg ps

alf` ~k` I446 l~“s `ggò~lw` j~ ~k` tjmh`s x` b`tj~` j~ jmn kjs j klhk glt` tj~` xk`m lm gpaa jp~b

ibn`-’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! L kjn m`w`t `w`m kjmna`n j ls~ba b~k`t ~kjm bm`s spal`n xl~k obip~`t

hji`s d`gbt` Gtbnjt mlhk~-’

‑\bp“t` flnnlmh i`- \`~ |bp“t` j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~!’ tàl`n Jds-

‑L fmbx- L“i jm `{`t~ j~ jti`n jmn pmjti`n obidj~! obpa`n xl~k i| s``n! s~t`mh~k

jmn ~bphkm`ss! i`jms L“i ibt` ~kjm ojjda` bg kjmnalmh ntph n`ja`ts bt ~k`lt gtl`mns-’

‑Bf!’ sjln Jds- ‑\bp kjmna`n ~k` I44 t`~~| xàa ~ktbphk L ips~ sj|! |bp“t` j mj~ptja

xl~k glt`jtis L ~klmf-’

‑^kjmfs- L kjw` ~b ~kjmf wlt~pja hji`s gbt ~kbs` sflaas!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! ‑L alf`n ~k` KF L

ps`n bm Gtbnjt jmn ~k` I44 nbm“~ kjmna` ~b djn! dp~ L jasb alf` ~k` bm` skb~ bm` flaa i`~kbns bg

~k` sml`t-’

’_ji` k`t`! L“i ~k` Wl{`ms abmh tjmh` spbt~ bm obidj~ ilsslbms!’ sjln Jds js sk`

tbaa`n j Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jg~`t oa`jmlmh ~k` otj bgg k`t kjmns xl~k j g`x j`t ~bxàs-

‑Xkj~ sml`t tlga` nb |bp ps`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Ubmja Glt`jtis N):333 xl~k jm {433 s~jtalhk~ sob`-’

‑Mlo`-’

‑^kj~“s j hbbn blm~ |bp“w` mb~ s``m bpt jts`mja kjw` |bp2’

‑Mb L“w` mb~!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

Jds ~ptm`n jtbpmn! tìbw`n k`t xjaa`~ gtbi k`t djof bof`~! tìbw`n xkj~ abbf`n alf` j

sijt~ ojtn gtbi l~ jmn lms`t~`n l~ lm~b j sab~ bm ~k` ~b bg ~k` ilnna` i`~ja opdbjtn- _k` ~k`m

t`ss`n k` ~kpid ~b j sijaa sojmm t ~kj~ j`jt`n bm ~k` a g~ nbxm s~tl bg ~k` sji` opdbjtn-

W`t| sbbm sk` k`jtn j zpl`~ oapmf js ~k` i`~ja abbflmh dba~s t`~tjo`n- Jds ~k`m b`m`n jaa ~kt``

opdbjtn nbbts ~b t`w`ja ~k` jts`mja- Mlds xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` xbtf d`mok! sk` ~k`m sjx ~k` bm`

x`jbm sk` abw`n ~b ps` xk`m aj|lmh skbb~)ì)p hji`s-

‑_bi` bm` ips~ bthjmls` h`~~lmh |bp j s`~ bg f`|s jmn sòptl~| ojtns ~bb-’

‑L nlnm“~ ~klmf ~kls x`jbm xjs jwjlajda` ~b ~k` h`m`tja pdalo!’ sk` sjln js sk` ~bbf l~

gtbi ~k` tjof-

‑Xkj~ x`jbm2’ jsf`n Jds! js sk` bf`n k`t k`jn tbpmn ~k` obtm`t! ‑Bk ~k` @okb

IJ4>32 \`jk l~ ls lg |bp fmbx ~k` tlhk~ `ba`- Nb |bp tììd`t ~k` okj~ bm ^btdjt jdbp~

hjmhs! ilsslbms! jmn x`jbms2’‑\`jk L nb!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑I``~ bm` bg ~k` x`jbms Sjpa xjs ~jaflmh jdbp~ xk`m k` sjln k` ~kbphk~ sbi` hjmhs



‑Xkj~ tbp~` |bp ajmmlmh bm ~jflmh2’ sk` jsf`n ^lmj js sk` oalid`n bm d`klmn k`t-

‑LO:4! ~k`m OX;! ^|dljs“ ajo` ls lm ~k` djof s~t``~s bg X`s~`t Sjtf- K` mbtijaa| kjs j~

a`js~ glw` ib~btdlf`s jmn sl{ ojts bt wjms lm ~k` |jtn- K`“s bm` bg ~k` d`s~ i`okjmlos ~k`

Hjmht`as kjw` joo`ss ~b- K` ~tjlm`n Jds-’

%%%%%



:88

Okj~`t :0

Js ^lmj ~ptm`n tlhk~ lm~b ~k` ntlw`xj| bg ^|dljs“! Mlds sjx j alm` bg gbpt ojts jmn ~xb

wjms! bm` bg ~k` ojts xjs j~ s~tjmh` jmha` js lg p klhk bm j ejof bt spbt~s jmn ~xb bg ~k` ojtskjn ~k`lt dbmm`~s p- Db~k bg ~k` wjms kjn ~k`lt djofs klhk`t ~kjm ~k` gtbm~s-

^lmj s~b`n ~k` dlf` jmn Mlds oalid`n bgg- ^lmj eblm`n k`t lm oalidlmh bgg ~k` dlf`- _k`

dtbphk~ ~k` dlf` p bm~b l~s ijlm s~jmn jmn ~k` jlt xjaf`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| ~bxjtns ~k` ~tla`

hjtjh` j~ ~k` djof bg ~k` |jtn-

Js ~k`| jss`n bm` bg ~k` ojts xl~k ~k` dbmm`~ p j wblo` sjln! ‑Ojm L kà |bp ajnl`s2’

‑\`jk!’ tàl`n ^lmj! ‑x`“t` abbflmh gbt ^|dljs2’

‑K`“s lm ~k` hjtjh` h`~~lmh bm` bg ~k` dlf`s t`jn| ~b d` t`~ptm`n ~b l~s ops~bi`t-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sjln ^lmj-

^k` jlt obm~lmp`n ~bxjtns ~k` hjtjh`s j~ ~k` t`jt! xk`m ~k` g`mo` kjn glmlsk`n jmn

~ptm`n a`g~ ~k` |jtn dòji` jjt`m~! l~ xjs zpl~` ajth` xl~k j ajth` wjm sl~~lmh d`sln` ~k` gjt

xjaa! dlf`s jmn dlf` dl~s xk`t` nb~~`n jtbpmn xkj~ `w`t oa`jt htbpmn sjo` ~k`lt xjs! jmn j~

a`js~ gbpt i`m jmn ~xb xbi`m xk`t` xbtflmh bm ~k` w`kloa`s bt a`m~ p jhjlms~ ~k` xbtf d`mok

lm ~k` ilnna` hjtjh`! ~k`| xk`t` jaa x`jtlmh ht`js` obw`t`n oab~k`s jmn bw`tjaas- J ~jaa xàa

ipsoa`n dabf` xl~k nt`jns xjaf`n bp~ xk`àlmh j dlf`! ~k` jlt jtbjok`n k` abbf`n p jmn

sila`n! ‑Kl ^lmj!’ ~k`m k` jps`n! ‑Jtk |bp ips~ d` Mlds2’

‑\`jk! L ji!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

’L hp`ss |bp xjm~ ~b abbf j~ |bpt m`x dlf` ~k`m2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` sjln jmn sila`n-

‑^kls xj| ajnl`s!’

‑Ojm L jsf |bp ^|dljs2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb! ^|dljs ls i| dtb~k`t! L“i _libm- ^|dljs ls lm sln` ~pmlmh j :?33EU[-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n ^lmj jmn sk` ~ptm`n ~b k`jn`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh`

Mlds gbaabx`n _libm ~b ~k` djof ~b ~k` kbps` aboj~`n j~ ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` |jtn- _libm

jtf`n ~k` dlf` k` xjs psklmh p jmn ~ptm`n ~b xjaf ~b j sòbmn bm` aboj~ n m`jtd|-

‑K`t` l~ ls! |bpt dlf`!’ sjln _libm- ‑Ojm L jsf |bp j zp`s~lbm2’

‑\`jk- Mb tbdaì’

‑Jt` |bp ~tjms bt xkj~2’

‑L ji ~tjms6 ij| L jsf xkj~ hjw` l~ jxj|2’

‑Wblo`! ~b d` kbm`s~! dp~ `w`m ^lmj xlaa ~àa |bp ibs~ `ba` xkb i`~ k`t gbt ~k` glts~

~li` ~klmf sk`“s j xbijm- Mbx |bp jsf! |bpt kjlt ls xtbmh! ls mb~ j gìlmlm` op~ l~s mb~ djna|

s~|a`n! dp~ l~“s mb~ gìlmlm`-’



‑Jtk! ~kjmfs-’

%%%%%

^lmj xjaf`n p ~b ~k` dlf` lm ~k` ilnna` bg ~k` hjtjh` jmn p~ db~k k`t kjmns bm ~k` s`j~!

abbf`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑^|dljs-’

‑_kl~! kl!’ sjln ^|dljs jmn k` abbf`n p! ‑Kl ^lmj! kbx(s |bp jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms2’

‑X` jt` glm` ~kjmfs! kbx(s |bp jmn ~k` Tjln`ts2’

‑X` jt` hbbn ~kjmfs- Xkj~ nb |bp ~klmf bg ~k` dlf`2’

‑W`t| mlo`- D`gbt` L gbth`~ Jds m``ns j ~lilmh okjlm gbt k`t dlf`-’

^|dljs s~bbn jmn xl`n kls ht`js| kjmns nbxm kls bw`tjaa ~tbps`ts- K` abbf`n bw`t j~

xk`t` Mlds jmn _libm xk`t` s~jmnlmh ~jaflmh- ^|dljs xjs w`t| ipok alf` kls dtb~k`t xàa

ipsoa`n! ~k` nlgg`t`mo` xjs kls nt`jns t`jok`n kls djofsln` jmn k` kjn j ~tlii`n hbj~``- K`

xjs x`jtlmh j sa``wà`ss ~)sklt~ jmn ~k` bw`tjaas xk`t` ~l`n j~ kls xjls~- ‑D`m!’ k` skbp~`n-

‑\`jk!’ oji` j tà| gtbi pmn`t bm` bg ~k` wjms jmn spnn`ma| j |bpmhlsk abbflmh dabf`

j`jt`n bm j xk`à`n dbjtn- _k` xbpan kjw` sjln D`m xjs mb ban`t ~kjm :7 lg ~kj~! ‑Xkj~

dbss2’

‑Hb ~b ~k` s~bt`s jmn h`~ ^lmj j ~lilmh okjlm gbt!’ ^|dljs ~ptm`n ~b k`t! ‑Xkj~ kjs Jds

hb~ mbx2’

‑Il~)dp :333T_{!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Mb tbdaì dbss-’ D`m nlsj`jt`n nbxm ~k` s~jlts ~b ~k` djsì`m~ s~bt` tbbi-

‑Xkj~“s |bpt ajm gbt ~k` `w`mlmh! ^lmj2’

‑Mb~klmh t`jaa|! xk|2’

‑L xjm~ ~b skbx |bp sbi`~klmh jmn jsf gbt sbi` bsslda` kà gtbi ~k` Wl{`ms2’

‑Bf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

^k` |bp~k t`j`jt`n! ‑\bpt ~lilmh okjlm! ^lmj!’ sjln D`m jmn x`m~ ~b hb djof ~b ~k`

wjm k` xjs xbtflmh bm-

‑D`m |bp hblmh ~b Njtf Ubm` ~kls `w`mlmh2’

‑Ibt` ~kjm alfà|- Xk|2’

‑Ij|d` s`` |bp ~k`t`-’

‑Bk! bf!’ sjln D`m jmn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` xbtf k` kjn d``m nblmh-

_k` lof`n p ~k` ~lilmh okjlm jmn jabmh xl~k ^|dljs xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b xk`t` Mlds jmn

_libm xk`t`-

^|dljs jsf`n! ‑Ntlmfs2’‑\`jk!’ sjln _libm-

‑^kls xj|! ajnl`s!’ sjln ^|dljs a`jnlmh ~kì lmnbbts jmn lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi! xklok xjs



Ubm`- Bp~sln` x`t` j obpa` bg |bp~ks xkb mbnn`n j kàab js ~k` gbpt bg ~kì jtbjok`n ~k`

nbbt- ^|dljs jln gbt Mlds jmn ^lmj“s `m~t|- Jg~`t n`bsl~lmh ejof`~s jmn sln` jtis j~ ~k` oabjf

tbbi! ~k` lmm`t nbbts b`m`n ~b t`w`ja j ajth` tbbi xl~k lm ajo`s ~kt`` s~``n ~l`t`n

aj~gbtis- Jddjf tjmo` xjs d`lmh aj|`n bm ~k` nòfs-

D`m gtbi ~k` xbtfskb xjmn`t`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑Kl-’

‑Kl D`m! xkb“s k`t` ~bmlhk~2’ ^|dljs tàl`n-

‑^k` dbss ls lm j i``~lmh- _bi` aboja bgglolja L ~klmf-’

Bm bm` xjaa xjs j ajth` sot``m hji` bg Dabbng`s~ Jtojn`! Mlds a`m~ bw`t ~b ^lmj jmn

xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑^xb aj|`t hji`! aj~`t2’ jmn blm~`n ~b Dabbng`s~ Jtojn`-

‑\`jk! xkj~ i` jmn |bp2’

‑\`jk-’

‑N`glml~à|-’ Js ^lmj tàl`n ~k` optt`m~ aj|`t kjs kls ajs~ k`ja~k skb~ jxj| jmn ~k`

hji` `mn`n- ^k` klhk sobt` ~jda` j`jt`n jmn skbx`n ~k` ~b sobt` xjs :-4< ilaalbm nòfs!

~kls fln xkb xjs sl~~lmh m`jt d| hb~ p jmn xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~k` hji`-

‑_kl~! xkj~! k` lsm“~ hblmh gbt tòbtn jhjlm!’ sjln D`m-

‑Abbfs alf` l~!’ sjln _libm-

‑^k` hp| ~klmfs k` bxms ~k` hji` jmn xkb `w`t dt`jfs kls klhk sobt` m``ns ~b d` gbto`n

gtbi ~k` ~b d| kli d`j~lmh l~!’ sjln D`m-

‑Jsspilmh Dabbng`s~ Jtojn`!’ Mlds sjln js ^|dljs xjmn`t`n djof xl~k j ~tj| bg sbg~

ntlmfs! ‑ls jm|~klmh alf` Dabbng`s~ LL! L xjs sobtlmh 4-:! 4-4 ilaalbm nòfs m`jta| jaa bg ~k` ~li`

L sj~ jmn s`tlbpsa| aj|`n-’

‑Gpof ~kj~“s hbbn!’ sjln ^|dljs js k` t`~bbf kls s`j~-

‑L ~klmf Jtojn` ls djs`n bm Dabbng`s~ LL!’ sjln D`m js k` ~bbf j haph gtbi kls sbg~ ntlmf-

‑Ojm x` sibf` k`t`2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑\`jk |bp ojm!’ tàl`n D`m-

Xl~k ~kls ~k` jlt t`~tl`w`n ~k`lt ~lms gtbi ~k`lt bpok`s jmn Mlds abjn`n k`t l` jmn

^lmj tbaa`n j Ojidjt olhjt`~~`- ^k`| db~k ~bbf j hbbn ntjh gtbi ~kì-

Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` bg sl~~lmh jmn okj~~lmh jdbp~ wjtlbps spdeò~s! Mlds t`jals`n ~kj~ sk`

m``n`n ~k` ~bla`~ jmn s~bbn ~b k`jn gbt ~k` xbi`m“s abbs-

Js sk` jtbjok`n ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` ~bla`~ jt`j! l~ b`m`n jmn lm~b ~k` tbbi oji` j jlt bg

hltas! xk`m ~k` a`jn bm` kjn jss`n sk` abbf`n djof jmn nbpda` ~bbf k`t gjo`- ‛ Ls ~kj~ ^tjo|

gtbi \bpmh tjms!“ sk` ~kbphk~ jmn obm~lmp`n lm~b ~k` ~bla`~-

Js sk` sj~ bm ~k` ~bla`~ sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP jmn abjn`n \bpmh ^tjms- _k` ~j`n ~k`

s`jtok almf jmn sotld`n ~k` mji` ^tjo| lm~b ~k` s`jtok mji` db{ jmn ~k`m sk` sotld`n X`s~`t Sjtf Nls~tlo~ lm~b ~k` jt`j db{- _k` ~k`m ~j`n ~k` s`jtok dp~~bm jmn jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns

bg ~klmflmh k`t SNP nlsaj|`n ^tjo|“s tbgla` jh`! sk` sotbaa`n ~b xk`t` ~k` `ba` kjn



:;:

lo~pt s p- _k` gbpmn ~k` bm` bg tjo|“s gjo` jmn l~ xjs bt l~ xjs j dabbn| hbbn nb ahjmh`t-

_k` glmlsk`n bm ~k` ~bla`~ jmn tbo``n`n ~b xjsk k`t kjmns- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n djof lm~b ~k` ijlm

tbbi jmn sjx ^tjo| jmn k`t gìja` jt~m`t sl~~lmh bm ~k` glts~ gabbt ~`jt xl~k j obpa` bg b~k`t

|bpmh `ba`-

_k` k`jn`n gbt ~k` ~jda` jmn xk`m sk` xjs oabs` `mbphk sk` xjaf`n jtbpmn jmn ~k`

htbp jmn ~j`n ^tjo| bm ~k` skbpan`t- _k` ~ptm`n jmn gjo`n k`t jmn sk` sjln! ‑Kl! nb L fmbx

|bp2’

‑\bp nb ^tjo|!’ sk` tàl`n! sk` fm`x sk` xjs g`àlmh jmn abbflmh w`t| kj|- ‑Nb |bp

ps` \bpmh ^tjms m`~ sl~`2’

‑L nb! nb |bp2’

‑L nb! L ps` ~b d` fmbx js Mlofl Oja~bm-’

‑Xjaf i` ~b kàa lm j kjmn djsf`~- Xàobi` ~b Njtf Ubm` Mlofl!’ sjln ^tjo|- _k` ~ptm`n

djof ~b ~k` ~jda jmn sjln! ‑Hp|s i` ~ Mlofl gtbi \bpmh tjms-’

‑Kl Mlofl!’ sjln ~k` ija` abbflmh iìd`t- K` xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg njtf dap` e`jms jmn

j dap` ~)sklt~! ‑L“i Tbd`t~ bm` bg ~k` ~kt`` ^tjms i`m ~kj~ ps` ~k` okj~ tbbi-’

_k` s~bbn jmn htjdd`n k`tsàg j s`j~ jmn sjln nbxm! d`sln` ~k` bma| ~tp` xbijm t`s`m~-

‑Kbx obi`! gtbi xkj~ L tììd`t gtbi |bp tbgla` |bp x`t` ~tj`n d| |bpt ipi jmn

njn2’ jsf`n ^tjo|! ‑jmn ij| L sj| |bp abbf w`t|- Ii! Hl~k-’

‑Ipi jmn njn nbm“~ fmbx- L nln j dpmf ajs~ Gtbnjt jmn hb~ lmwl~`n ~b eblm ~k` Hjmhtàs!sòlglojaa| ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms pml~- L“w` mb~ kjn okjmo` |`~ ~b pnj~` ~klmhs bm i| tbgla`-’

^tjo| ~k`m sjln! ‑Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` i| jt~m`t! Jaal _~`w`ms-’ _k` xjs x`jtlmh j

sijt~ spl~! ~k` ~|` |bp xbpan ps` gbt jm bgglo` ebd- ‑sk` jasb ps`s ~k` sl~` jmn ~kj~“s kbx x`

i`~! jmn Glbmj ^tldda`-’ Xkb xjs x`jtlmh j skbt~lsk sflt~! xkj~ abbf`n alf` ~lhk~s jmn j W op~

sa``w`n ~b- ‑Jasb j iìd`t jmn t`hpajt-’

‑L tììd`t okj~~lmh xl~k |bp j g`x ~li`s Glbmj!’ sk` sjln js ^lmj xjaf`n bw`t gtbi

xk`t` sk` kjn d``m sl~~lmh-‑Kl!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Hp|s! i``~ ^lmj j gàabx Hjmhtà jmn jasb j gpaa ~li` otbssnt`ss`t- ^lmj! ^tjo|! Glbmj!

Tbd`t~ jaa ^tjms `ba` gtbi \bpmh ^tjms! jmn Jaal ^tjo|“s jt~m`t jmn jasb j iìd`t-’

‑K`|! jmn kl `w`t|bm`!’ ^lmj sjln jmn ~bbf j okjlt gtbi j m`jtd| ~jda` jmn sj~ nbxm

d`sln` Mlds-

‑L hp`ss |bp mb abmh`t hb d| ~k` mji` Mlofl!’ sjln Tbd`t~-

‑Mb L nbm“~- I| m`x mji` ls Mldbaj Oja~bm bt Mlds gbt skbt~-’

‑Kl Mlds- B~k`t ~kjm a`jwlmh kbi`! kbx obi`2’

‑A`~ i` ~àa |bp j ~ja` bg kbx j |bpmh `tsbm! i| ija` kjag ijn` gtl`mns xl~k _jmntj



Sj~~`tsbm-’ _k` ~k`m ~ban ~k` htbp k`t jmn _jmntj“s ~ja` gtbi xk`m sk` ibw`n ~b _ptjdjm ~b

k`t okjmh`! sk` lmoapn`n ~k` gjo~ sk` xjs jasb j kban`t bg j Gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ alo`mo`-

Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n! ^tjo| sjln! ‑Dabbn| kàa* ^kj~ ls bm` kàa bg j s~bt|! dp~ l~ nb`s

tbw` ~kj~ sbi`xk t` sbi bm` ojt`s gbt ps j~ a`js~-’

‑^k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! xk| nb L ~klmf L“w` k`jtn ~kj~ mji` bm ~k` so`m`- _bi`bm` sjln

sbi`~klmh jdbp~ |bpt pml~!’ sjln Jaal-

^lmj ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ pml~ |bpt sàg! jmn xk| ~k` spl~2’

‑L xbtf gbt ^à`jm [btbm` Hjas`m @js~ _ptjdjm Jt`j Bgglo`! lm ~k` joobpm~s

n`jt~i`m~-’ jsf`n Jaal! ‑Xkj~ pml~! L“i mb~ j Hjmhtà! L“i bm` bg ~k` aboja Hl~ks-’

‑Kbx obi` |bptsàg ^lmj2’ jsf`n Jaal-

‑I| s~bt| ls w`t| slilajt ~b Mlds“ ~ja` `{o`~ L“w` d``m alwlmh gpaa~li` gbt ~k` ajs~ ~kt``

|`jts jmn d``m bm kbtibm`s gbt jaibs~ ~xb jmn j kjag bg ~kj~ ~li`- Jaa ~kjmfs ~b ~k` Hjmhtàs

i`nloja s~jgg-’

Js sk` abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` tbbi! sk` sjx ~k` nbbt m`{~ nbbt ~b ~k` sot``m b`m jmn j

obpa` bg `ba` xjaf bp~! j gìja` jmn j obpa` bg ija`s-

Xk`m ~k` ~kt`` x`t` lm ~k` tbbi! ^lmj ojaa`n ‑_jtjk!’ jmn xjw`s jm lmwl~` ~b k`t- _jtjk

sjx ~k` xjw` jmn mbnn`n ~kj~ sk` kjn s`ì l~ jmn s~jt~`n ~b xjaf bw`t ~b xk`t` ~k` htbp xjs

sl~~lmh-

‑Kl ^lmj! Mlds!’ sjln _jtjk- ‑Xkj~ |bp nblmh k`t`2’

‑H`~~lmh i| dlf` gtbi ^|dljs“! k`“s sj~ bw`t ~k`t`!’ sk` sjln jmn blm~`n j~ xk`t` ~k`t`

x`t` sl~~lmh-

_jtjk abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx ^|dljs sl~~lmh xl~k kls dtb~k`t jmn D`m- ‑Tlhk~! ~kjmfs-’

_jtjk xjaf`n bw`t jmn htjdd`n j okjlt jmn sj~ nbxm jmn s~jt~`n ~b okj~ ~b ~kì-

‑Ntlmfs2’ sk` jsf`n `w`t|bm`

^|dljs! _libm! D`m jmn _jtjk jaa s~jmn p jmn xjaf djof ~b xk`t` Mlds jmn ^lmj x`t`

sl~~lmh- ‑Ij| x` eblm |bp ajnl`s jmn h`m~2’ jsf`n _jtjk ~b ~k` htbp-

‑\`s!’ tàl`n ^tjo|- ‑Kjmh bm! L fmbx |bp- Jt`m“~ |bp ^|dljs Il~~`m gtbi ^'_

Iòkjmlos2’

‑\`s! L ji! L“i ~k` ^ jmn _libm i| dtb~k`t! k`t`! ls ~k` _- D`m k`t` jasb xbtfs gbt ps-

Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` _jtjk Op~k`taj~`! a`jn`t bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh! xklok i|sàg!

_libm! Mlds jmn ^lmj jt` jaa iìd`ts bg-’

‑Xbpan sbi` bm` lm~tbnpo` ps! L mb~lo` xk`m |bp oji` djof |bp k`jn`n k`t` tj~k`t ~kjm

djof ~b ps Mlds!’ sjln _libm-

‑Hp|s! i``~ ^tjo|! Jaal! Glbmj jmn Tbd`t~! L fmbx jaa bg ~kì gtbi ~k` \bpmh ^tjms sl~`L“i j iìd`t bg- L xjs h`~~lmh sbi` ntlmfs-’

‑^b sjw` ìjlalmh |bp xk`m L h`~ djof ~b obiijmn! ^|dljs! ~k` obpmola nòln`n ~b b`m



:;?

~k` jts`mja ~b Djof K`jt~ Hjmh- X` xlaa jasb d` spdslnlslmh ~k` gbpt pml~s jat`jn| ìab|`n

skbpan ~k` _mjf`s ajpmok j Xjt Ubm`-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn ~b k`jt! jm| nlss`m~`ts bm ~k` Obpmola2’

‑\`jk ~k` mbtija bm`!’ obii`m~`n _jtjk-

‑Bk kli!’ ^|dljs sjln jmn skjf`s kls k`jn-

‑L“aa ~àa |bp bm ~k` xj| kbi` Mlds!’ xkls`t`n ^lmj lm k`t `jt-

‑Jm|bm` gbt ntlmfs2’ sk` jsf`n- Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn hlw`m ~k`lt ntlmf btn`ts ~b k`t! sk`

hb~ p jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` djt jabmh xl~k ^tjo|-

‑Kbx kjw` ~klmhs d``m! sbi`bm` sjln ~kj~ |bp kjn d``m lm~b ~k` okj~ tbbi bm Ibtb~k

jmn ~ban `w`t|bm` ~kj~ |bp x`t` gpaa ~li`2’

‑^klmhs kjw` d``m ht`j~! kbx jdbp~ |bp2’

‑\`jk ~klmhs jt`m“~ ~b djn ~kjmfs- L kjn j g`àlmh ~kj~ |bp kjn nbm` j dpmf jmn x`m~ gpaa

~li` xk`m _bkl`)Hpta ~ban i` Ibtb~k `w`mlmh-’

‑Kbx obi` |bp jt` k`t`!’ sk` sjln js ~k` jlt xjl~`n j~ ~k` djt gbt bm` bg ~k` djt s~jgg ~b

s`tw` ~kì-

K` jsf`n! ‑Ojm L kà |bp ajnl`s2’

‑\`s!’ sk` sjln jmn hjw` ~k` btn`t ~b ~k` h`m~-

‑Gbpt x``fs jhb Jaal oji` lm jmn x` s~jt~`n ~b okj~! sk` xjs lm~`t`s~`n lm pmn`ts~jmnlmh

xkj~ l~ i`jm~ ~b d` ~tjms- L ~klmf xbtf kjs j~ a`js~ bm`- X` i``~ j aj~`t ~kj~ x``f jmn x`“w` d``m bp~ bm j g`x nj~`s slmo -’ Js ~k` djtijm ibw`n bgg ~b glaa ~k` btn`t tjo| jsf`n! ‑Kbx

ojm |bp tììd`t ~kj~ btn`t! L kjw` tbdaìs tììd`tlmh gbpt l~ìs ibs~ nj|s2’

‑L kjw` jm `ln`~lo iìbt| gbt obmw`tsj~lbms! l~ nbm“~ ij~~`t kbx l~ obi`s jotbss js abmh

js l~“s sbpmn L xlaa tììd`t l~- L ojm tììd`t obmw`tsj~lbms L kjn glw`! sl{ |`jts jhb-’

‑Dabbn| kàa* L ojm s`` ~kj~ d`lmh sb ps`gpa L |bpt alm` bg xbtf-’

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` hp| aj|lmh Dabbng`s~ Jtojn` kjn sobt`n :-?: ilaalbm Nòfs jmn nl`n! k`

ibw`n bgg ~k` hji` sj~lsgl`n ~kj~ mb bm` xbpan d` jda` ~b d`j~ l~ gbt j xkla` Mlds ~ptm`n ~b

^lmj! ‑_kjaa x`2’

‑\`s! a`~s!’ tàl`n ^lmj- ^k`| db~k hb~ p jmn x`t` eblm`n d| _jtjk xkb s~bbn d`klmn

~kì jmn hb~ t`jn| ~b t`ss ~k` s~jt~ dp~~bm- ^lmj g`n lm ~k` ~xb nòfs m``n`n gbt j ~xb aj|`t

hji` jmn xk`m ~k`| x`t` db~k t`jn|-

‑Bm` tjo~lo` hji` js L“w` mb~ aj|`n jtojn` d`gbt`!’ sk` sjln-

‑\`jk jmn L ~klmf L m``n bm` ~bb! l~“s d``m j xkla` slmo` L aj|`n jtojn`!’ sjln ^lmj-



~k` Hjmhtàs _~jmnlmh btn`ts! ~k`t` lsm“~ ipok x` ojm nb- O`m~tja kjs lmw`s~lhj~`n j obpa` bg

lmoln`m~s dp~ mb bm` kjs `w`t obi` gbtxjtn bt ~k` tbbg kjs nlsj`jt`n bt d``m n`s~tb|`n

d`gbt` O`m~tja obpan i` ~-’

‑Xklok L hp`ss jmmb|s zpl~` j g`x `ba`2’ sk` `mzplt`n-

Jg~`t k`jtlmh ~k` sxl~ok d`lmh sxl~ok`n bm ~k` `tobaj~bt Jds t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` s`j~lmh jt`j

jmn ~bbf bm` bg ~k` b~k`t l`s jmn al~ ~k` `mn jmn ~bbf j ntjh gtbi l~-

‑\`jk l~ nb`s! x` k`t` jt` bm ~k` mbt~k x`s~`tm `nh` bg ~k` jt`j xj~ok`n bw`t d| kli jmn

kls ijlm pml~ ^k` K`jn Obpm~`ts!’ obm~lmp`n ^lmj- ‑K` kjs j obpa` bg boojslbms ~tl`n ~b

obmw`t~ ps gtbi _jtjk“s a`jn`tskl! k` ~klmfs lg k` ojm obmw`t~ ps ibt` pml~s xlaa epi skl jmn

eblm kli- Dp~ s``lmh js k` kjs ~tl`n bm gbpt boojslbms ~b nb l~ jmn gjla`n w`t| ~li`! k`“s hlw`m

p ~t|lmh-’

‑L ~klmf k` eps~ kb`s x` xlaa nlsj`jt jmn jaabx kli ~b obm~lmp` ~b xlm obmw`t~s ~b kls

ojps`!’ tàl`n Sjpa-

‑Xklok ls j ebf` lg |bp jsf i`!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑_bi` `ba` sj| k`“s mb~ klisàg jmn

kjsm“~ d``m klisàg gbt j hbbn obpa` bg |`jts! dp~ mb bm` kjs jm| tbbg bg l~-’

‑Kbx nb`s ~k` Hjmhtà obpmola xbtf2’ Mlds jsf`n-

‑Kbx nb`s l~ xbtf!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑Jm| ij~~`t ~kj~ ij| kjw` j ijebt lialoj~lbm gbt ~k`

`m~lt` Hjmhtà hjmh hb`s d`gbt` ~k` Obpmola jmn ls n`dj~`n jmn ~k`m wb~`n bm d| ~k` dbjtn bg

:: lmoapnlmh ~k` okjlt`tsbm _jtjk! xkb xjs ~k` ojs~lmh wb~` lg bm` ls m``n`n-’

‑L~ ojm ijf` gbt sbi` lm~`t`s~lmh ~li`s ~b sj| ~k` a`js~- Optt`m~a| sj~ bm ~k` obpmola ls j

iìd`t gtbi `jok nls~tlo~ xklok _ptjdjm kjs <! _jtjk jmn bm` t`t`s`m~j~lw` gtbi O`m~tja-

^lib~k|“s jt`j bg lmgap`mo` ls ~k` sbp~k `js~`tm jt`j jmn l~ dbtn`ts ~k` gjt sln` bg ~k` Gt`` Glt`

ubm`-

‑X` js jm J tj~`n pml~ jt` `{ì~ gtbi Hjmhtà nls~tlo~ obm~tba! x` jmsx`t nltò~a| ~b ~k`

obpmola jmn mb~ ~b jm jt`j obiijmn`t-’

Sjpa s~bbn jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` gtlnh` jmn ~bbf bp~ ~k` b`m db~~a` bg Ojdlaaj jmn bpt`n

klisàg j ntlmf- Jg~`t t`~ptmlmh l~ ~b ~k` gtlnh` k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` s`j~s jmn sj~ nbxm ~jflmh ~k`

Ojidjt olhjt`~~` k` kjn d``m sibflmh jmn tàl~ ~k` `mn ~jflmh j ntjh js k` nln-

‑X`“w` d``m jsf`n bm j obpa` bg boojslbms ~b jnwls` ~k` obpmola bg o`t~jlm ij~~`ts

obmo`tmlmh balo| ~bxjtns o`t~jlm ij~~`ts- Jmn x` kjw` j mbm wb~lmh s`j~ bm ~k` obpmola xklok

x` nbm“~ ~jf` p pma`ss x` jt` jsf`n ~b- Optt`m~a| jaa ~k` J tj~`n pml~s jt` pmn`t ~k` mbilmja

obiijmn bg Hju! _jtjk“s tlhk~ kjmn `tsbm bm ~k` obpmola- K` jaabxs ps ~b nb js x` a`js` js

abmh js x` nbm“~ dtlmh ~k` Hjmhtàs lm~b nlst`p~`-’

‑^kj~“s lm~`t`s~lmh- ^k` Hjmhtàs jt` sbpmnlmh ibt` jmn ibt` alf` ~k` Hkbs~ obiipml~|-^k` hkbs~ obiipml~| ps`s j slilajt s|s~ì bg tj~lmh ~`jis jmn `ba`- Lg j ~`ji s~j|s ~bh`~k`t

gbt j~ a`js~ sl{ ibm~ks ~k` ~`ji h`~s als~`n js jm jo~lw` ~`ji! Oji`tbm Tjln`ts! ls optt`m~a| j



:;8

mbm jo~lw` pml~! dp~ ~kj~“s mb~ ~b sj| lg ~k`| hb~ j ilsslbm ~kj~ dtbphk~ ~kì jaa djof ~bh`~k`t ~k`

pml~ s~j~ps hb`s ~b jo~lw` jmn ~k`m Gl{`ts ojm obm~jo~ ~k` ~`ji nltò~a| tj~k`t ~kjm hblmh ~ktbphk

`jok ~`ji iìd`t-’

‑Xkj~ kj`ms lg sbi`~klmh hb`s ~l~s p2’ jsf`n Jds

‑Xkj~ nb |bp i`jm xk`m |bp sj| hb ~l~s p2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Hb`s kbttlda| xtbmh jmn ab~s bg obaaj~`tja njijh` ls ojps`n-’

‑Lg ~k` pml~ sptwlw`s ~k` gpof p! ~k`| hb d`gbt` ~k` obpmola bg àn`ts! ~k` ban`t iìd`ts

bg ~k` hkbs~ obiipml~|! jmn ~k`| ijf` j epnhì`m~! djs`n bm jaa ~k` `wln`mo` ~k`| ojm obaaò~

gtbi ~k` wjtlbps sbpto`s- Spmlski`m~ tjmh`s gtbi j slia` saj bm ~k` xtls~ jmn j glm` ~b ~k`

n`)als~lmh bg ~k` ~`ji jmn ~k` iìd`ts! jmn ~kj~ djm ojm ajs~ gtbi 7 ibm~ks ~b alg`-’

‑Kjtsk! lsm“~ l~!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Ij|d`! dp~ ~k` ojpslmh bg obaaj~`tja njijh` ~b mbm obtbtj~` sl~`s jmn ajo`s ij| `ggò~

~k` h`m`tja bpaj~lbm6 l~ ls abbf`n j~ w`t| nlia|- ^k` _~t``~ Hkbs~s alw` d| j slia` ot`nb ~k`

olwlaljms xkb alw` lm ~k` jt`j nb mb~ xjm~ j obtbtj~` s~tlf` ~b slaa bw`t bm~b jmn lm~b ~k`lt

kbi`s- Ibs~ hkbs~s xlaa ibw` ~b kà j olwlaljm lm nls~t`ss xl~k bp~ ~klmflmh! djt ~k` mbtija

bm`s n`jalmh xl~k ~k` sl~pj~lbm- ^kls àì`m~ ijtfs ~k` ~tp` _~t``~ Hkbs~ obiipml~| js

nlgg`t`m~ ~b ~k` wjtlbps lil~j~lbms |bp xlaa s`` bp~ ~k`t`-’

%%%%%

Jtbpmn :lsk ^lmj jmn Jds sjln mlhk~ jmn xjmn`t`n bgg ~b d`n! Sjpa jasb nlsj`jt`n j

skbt~ xkla` aj~`t a`jwlmh _jmntj jmn Mlds p xj~oklmh jm jnw`m~pt` glai- Jdbp~ ?lsk ~k`| db~k

k`jn`n gbt d`n js sk` fm`x sk` xbpan d` kàlmh Jds ~bibttbx glmlsklmh k`t dlf` t`jlts jmn

gl~~lmh ~k` kln` ~b k`t dlf`-



Okj~`t :7

_jwtjnj| 44mn Epxpt

Mlds jmn _jmntj xbf` j~ 3;50:DM- Mlds sxpmh k`t a hs bp~ bg ~k` d`n6 ~bbf ~k` dapm~

~kj~ aj| m`{~ ~b ~k` jsk~tj| bm k`t d`nsln` ~jda` jmn al~ l~- _jmntj eps~ aj| tb`n p bm k`t

àdbxs-

‑\bp fmbx sbi`~klmh kpm! L“i hblmh ~b ìdtbln`t i| ejof`~ ~bnj|! l~s m``ns nblmh!’ sk`

sjln-

‑^kj~“s ~tp`- Xkj~ |bp hblmh ~b p~ bm l~2’

‑^k` Wl{`ms s|idba jmn ~k` Dajof Gjlt| xklok ls i| `tsbmja s|idba-’

‑^k` Dajof Gjlt|2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` a`m~ bw`t! t`~tl`wlmh ~k` dapm~ sk` kjn p~ bp~ ajs~

mlhk~ d`gbt` ~k` ~xb bg ~kì kjn gjaa`m lm~b j `jo`gpa sa``-

‑L kjw` ~k` lo~pt` bm ~k` ~jda`~! l~s bm` bg ~k` djofhtbpmns L ps`-’

Jg~`t _jmntj kjn al~ ~k` dapm~ sk` sj~ p! s~t`~ok`n jmn sjln! ‑\bp p gbt sbi` obidj~

tjo~lo` kpm2’

‑\`jk n`glml~à|!’ sk` sjln xl~k j sila`- _k` ~ptm`n jmn flss`n _jmntj bm ~k` gbt`k`jn!

htjdd`n k`t dj~ktbd`! p~ l~ bm jmn xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi ~b hb ~b ~k` abb jmn dtpsk

k`t ~``~k- _k` xjs sbbm eblm`n d| _jmntj xkb jasb sj~ bm ~k` abb jmn oa`jm`n k`t ~``~k- Jg~`t

glmlsklmh sk` jsf`n _jmntj! ‑Obgg`` kpm2’‑\`jk! ~k`m h`~ nt`ss`n jmn k`jn lm~b ~k` djof hjtn`m jmn kjw` sbi` gpm sjttlmh-’

‑Bf-’

_k` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh jt`j jmn gbpmn ^lmj sj~ j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt sllmh j op bg

sbi`~klmh- ‑Ibtmlmh!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Ibtmlmh ^lmj!’ sk` sjln! ‑\bp p gbt sbi` sjttlmh ~bnj|2’

‑\`jk L ~klmf Jds ls ~bb- _k`“s jat`jn| p jmn L ~klmf sk`“s nbxms~jlts kjtw`s~lmh sbi`

bg bpt ajm~s-’

Jds j`jt`n j~ ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn js sk` xjaf`n lm sk` sjln! ‑Hbbn kjtw`s~ ~kls o|oa`-’

‑Kbx ijm| ajm~s2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` d`ntbbi ubm`-

‑J hbbn ~klt~|)glw` ajm~s aps gt`sk s``ns gbt jmb~k`t ~kt`` o|oa`s!’ sjln Jds- ‑Xkj~ ls

hbbn ls L ~klmf x` ij| kjw` gbpmn ~k` d`s~ obmnl~lbms j~ ajs~-’

Mlds x`m~ jdbp~ sbt~lmh bp~ ~xb obgg``s6 xk`m glmlsk`n sk` jss`n bm` bg ~k` ops bg

_jmntj-

‑^kjmfs kpm!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj jmn sj~ nbxm bm bm` bg ~k` s~bbas j~ ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt-

Jds sjln! ‑^lmj |bp hblmh ~b eblm i` gbt sbi` sjttlmh! L“i hblmh ~b d`j~ |bp ~bnj|-’

‑Bf kpm!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj- ‑Lm |bpt nt`jis! |bp“w` mb~ d`j~`m i` slmo` L ibw`n lm



:;<

k`t`-’

‑I| apof kjs hb~ ~b okjmh` sbi`~li`-’

‑Mb~ ~bnj| kpm!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj! sk` ~k`m hb~ p ~b gbaabx Jds ~b ~k` djof hjtn`m-

Jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k`lt obgg``s Mlds jmn _jmntj x`m~ ~b ~k`lt d`ntbbi jmn hb~ nt`ss`n lm

slia` djhh|! gt``)gabxlmh oab~k`s- _k` htjdd`n k`t jlt bg skbt~ s~jw`s- ‛ L m``n ~b s`` ~kbs`

`ba` jhjlm sbbm!“ sk` ~kbphk~- _jmntj htjdd`n k`t zpjt~`t s~jgg jmn gbaabx`n k`t bp~ lm~b ~k`

djof hjtn`m-

^k` hjtn`m xjs ajth` ~k` xln~k bg ~k` kbps` aps sl{ g``~ gbt ~k` j~k ~b ~k` djof nbbt j

hbbn 43 g``~ aps abmh- J~ ~k` djof xjs j xbbn`m g`mo` ~kj~ djof`n bm~b j sijaa lò` bg xjs~`

ajmn- Gtbi xk`t` sk` xjs s~jmnlmh sk` obpan s`` ~k` jt`j xjs jasb d`lmh ps`n js j npilmh

htbpmn! lm ajo`s ~k` wjtlbps ajth` bdeò~s kjn d``m s~jof`n bt ibw`n ~b gbti n`g`mo`s jmn

slilajt bsl~lbms- Lmsln` ~k` jo~pja hjtn`m x`t` j obpa` bg pmokdjhs! j s``ndjaa jmn j g`x

b~k`t obidj~ ~tjlmlmh bds~joa`s-

^k` jlt xjti`n p jmn xj~ok`n Jds jmn ^lmj js ~k`| sjtt`n ~bh`~k`t6 ^lmj xjs pslmh j

jlt bg skbt~ s~jggs slilajt ~b k ts“- Jds xjs pslmh j gpaa s~jgg xklok xjs jdbp~ 7g~ abmh- Jg~`t

xj~oklmh gbt jdbp~ glw` ilmp~`s Jds x`m~ gbt j abx s~tlf` xklok ^lmj epi`n bw`t! ~k`m ^lmj

obpm~`t)j~~jof`n d| g`lm~lmh xl~k ~k` tlhk~ s~jgg jmn oj~oklmh Jds bm ~k` sln` bg ~k` k`jn xl~k

~k` a`g~ bm`-

Jds sjln! ‑\bp dl~ok-’‑L f`` ~àalmh |bp xk`m glhk~lmh ~xb x`jbms |bp m``n ~b s`tlbpsa| t`~klmf a`~~lmh ~k`

`mì| h`~ oabs`-’

_k` mbnn`n k`t k`jn lm jht`ì`m~6 js db~k ^lmj jmn Jds a`g~ ~k` tlmh _jmntj jmn k`t

s~``n p-

_jmntj jsf`n! ‑Jt` |bp t`jn| Mlds2’

‑^k` zp`s~lbm skbpanm“~ d`! ji L t`jn|! l~ skbpan d` jt` |bp t`jn| ~b gjo` i`- L ij| kjw`

bma| skjnbx)sjtt`n ibt` bg~`m ~kjm mb~! dp~ L fmbx ~k`s` s~jggs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑Mbx n`g`mn|bptsàg-’ _k` s~jdd`n ~k` a`g~ s~jgg j~ _jmntj“s k`jn jmn sxpmh ~k` tlhk~ j~ k`t abx`t jdnbi`m-

_jmntj epi`n djof jmn sjln! ‑Gòf! |bpt gjs~-’

‑L fmbx!’ sk` t`sbmn`n js sk` t`~ptm`n ~b j t`jn|)s~jmo`-

L~ ~bbf jdbp~ ~x`m~|)glw` sòbmns ~b ajmn ~k` glts~ kl~ bm _jmntj! sk` ps`n db~k s~jggs ~b

~jf` k`t fm``s bp~ d| ~tllmh tj~k`t ~kjm kl~~lmh ~k`t`-

Nptlmh ~k` skbt~ glhk~ _jmntj mb~lo`n j g`x b`mlmhs jmn xkj~ spttls`n k`t xjs Mlds

ps`n k`t dbn| js x`jbms js xàa- ‑@mbphk!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑gòf! |bp jt` hbbn-’

‑Mb L jlm“~!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑L ojphk~ |bp d| spttls`-’

‑^kj~ |bp nln! aps ~k` gjo~ |bp nbm“~ s`ì ~b xbtt| jdbp~ ~jflmh kl~s- \bp a`g~ |bptsàg



b`m bm j g`x boojslbms-’

‑L ij| kjw` abbf`n js lg L xjs b`m! dp~ L xjs t`jn| ~b tò`lw` |bpt obpm~`t)j~~jofs-’

‑L jht`` |bp jt` hbbn Mlds!’ sjln Jds- ‑Bpt t`slsn`m~ `{`t~s lm s~t``~ glhk~lmh jt` Sjpa

jmn Hjt|! jmn L ~klmf |bp obpan d`j~ ~kì `jsla|-’

‑Nbpd~ l~! L“w` skjnbx sjtt`n j ab~! ~kls ls ~k` glts~ ~li` `ba` jt` glhk~lmh djof!’ sk`

sjln

‑L s`tlbpsa| ~klmf lg |bp xbpan d` jda` ~b d`j~ ~kì db~k!’ sjln Jds-

‑Jmn gtbi xkj~ L sjx L kjw` j ab~ ~b a`jtm jdbp~ ~k`s`!’ ^lmj sjln jmn lmnloj~`n sk`

i`jm~ k`t skbt~ s~jw`s-

‑I` jmn |bp Jds2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk! bf!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

‑_kbx i` xkj~ |bp fmbx ^lmj!’ Mlds sjln-

Gbt ~k` m`{~ obpa` bg kbpts ~k` gbpt bg ~k` tjo~ls`n jmn sjtt`n ~bh`~k`t-

%%%%%

Jdbp~ ::5:0DM jaa gbpt gà~ `{kjps~`n gtbi ~k` xbtfbp~-

‑^kj~ xjs bm` bg ~k` ~bphk`s~ xbtfbp~s L“w` kjn!’ sjln Jds- ‑Dp~ L“w` a`jtm~ j ijsslw`

jibpm~ jdbp~ kbx ~b n`ja xl~k `ba` xl~k ~xb x`jbms-’

‑L~ ij| d` jm ln`j lg x` ~klmf jdbp~ ijflmh ~k`s` j salhk~a| ibt` t`hpajt booptt`mo` ~kjm

bmo` lm j xkla`!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑\`jk L jht``!’ sjln ^lmj-

_jmntj fmbof`n bm ~k` dj~ktbbi nbbt xklok xjs oabs`n- ‑Sjpa |bp lm ~k`t`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑\`jk L ji!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa-

‑Kptt| p- ^k`t`“t` gbpt sx`j~| hltas bp~ k`t` m``nlmh j skbx`t-’

‑Bf! L“aa d` glmlsk`n lm j obpa` bg ilmp~`s!’ tà| Sjpa-

%%%%%

Mlds xjaf`n lm~b ~k` alwlmh)tbbi jg~`t p~~lmh k`t skbt~ s~jggs jxj|- _k` k`jn`n gbt ~k`

gtlnh`! hb~ bp~ sbi` oban gla~`t`n xj~`t! bpt`n k`tsàg j hajss jmn ntpmf l~ zplofa|- Xk`m sk`

kjn t`~ptm`n ~b xjl~ gbt ~k` dj~ktbbi-

Sjpa xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` dj~ktbbi lm kls dajof dj~ktbd` jmn k`jn`n gbt kls tbbi ~b h`~

nt`ss`n-J dpts~ bg _law`t Kjmn aj|`n gtbi Sjpa“s ibdla` bm ~k` gltàjo`- _k` xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b

s`` xkb xjs ojaalmh jmn skbp~s- ‑Sjpa! Njtaj“s tlmhlmh |bp-’



:<:

‑\bp jmsx`t l~ Mlds! L“i optt`m~a| lmnlsbs`n j~ ~k` ib-’

‑Bf!’ sk` jmsx`t`n! lof`n p ~k` kbm` jmn galof`n l~ b`m! ~k`m sjln! ‑Kl Njtaj! l~s

Mlds! Sjpa ls optt`m~a| lmnlsbs`n j~ ~k` ib- Kbx ojm L k a2’

‑Kl Mlds! L“i lmwl~lmh jaa ~k` Wl{`ms ~b i| ajo` lm ~k` Abx Djof Gbt`s~ gtbi ~bnj| ‛~la

x` k`jn gbt ~k` g`s~lwja-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n jmn jsf`n! ‑Xk`t` lm ~k` Abx Djof gbt`s~! l~“s flmn bg dlh2’

‑\`jk L fmbx! L“i s`mnlmh |bp ~k` aboj~lbm ob)btnlmj~`s mbx wlj ~`{~-’

D``! D`` x`m~ Sjpa“s kbm` js l~ tò`lw`n j ~`{~! ‑Bf l~“s jttlw`n-’

‑Hbbn! kbx abmh d`gbt` |bp hp|s a`jw`! sb L ojm ~àa Hjt| xk`m ~b i``~ |bp ab~2’ jsf`n

Njtaj-

‑>0 ilmp~`s ~b jm kbpt! x` m``n ~b skbx`t jmn h`~ sbi` oab~k`s ~bh`~k`t gbt ~k` ~tl!’ sk`

tàl`n-

‑Bf! L“aa sj| jm kbpt jmn j kjag ~k`m ~b Hjt|- I``~ kli j~ ~k` ~tpof s~b bm LO0 d`gbt` l~

a`jw`s ~k` ol~|2’

‑Bf! s`` |bp sbbm!’ sk` sjln jmn oabs`n Sjpa“s kbm`-

‑Hp|s! Njtaj“s lmwl~`n ps ~b k`t ajo` lm ~k` Abx Djof Ibpm~jlms pm~la ~k` g`s~lwja-’

‑Nb |bp fmbx lg sk` lmwl~`n Ils~|“s htbp2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

‑_k` nlnm“~ sj|!’ sk` tàl`n6 ~k`m sk` xjaf`n ~b ~k` obip~`t ~b okòf ~k` aboj~lbm Njtaj

kjn s`m~ lm ~k` ~`{~- _k` paa`n p ~k` Ij sbg~xjt`! ~|`n lm ~k` ob)btnlmj~`s jmn ~k` ijsbg~xjt` nlsaj|`n j ajthlsk kbps` j~ ~k` `mn bg j tbjn! ~k` mji` nlsaj|`n jabmhsln` xjs

Htjkji Ob~~jh`- L~ abbf`n js lg l~ xjs aboj~`n bm j oalgg `nh` abbflmh sbp~k! ‛ Mlo` ajo !“ sk`

~kbphk~ js Jds jmn ^lmj glmlsk`n lm ~k` skbx`t-

‑Bpt ~ptm Mlds!’ ojaa`n _jmntj-

‑Bf kpm! obilmh!’ sk` ojaa`n djof jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` dj~ktbbi-

%%%%%

^klt~| ilmp~`s aj~`t `w`t|bm` xjs lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi! ~k`| jaa kjn tpofsjofs! xklok

obm~jlm`n j obpa` bg okjmh`s bg oab~k`s gbt ~k` dt`jf j~ Njtaj“s-

^lmj jsf`n! ‑X` obilmh djof bm _pidjt bt Ibtb~k2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx!’ Mlds sjln- ‑Njtaj nlnm“~ sj|-’

‑L kb` _pidjt js L fmbx x` xlaa m``n ~b h`~ t`jn| gbt ~k` g`s~lwja xl~k ojilmh h`jt-’

‑L ~klmf _jwtjnj| ~k`m xbpan d` d`~~`t!’ sjln Sjpa-

%%%%%



^xb nj|s t`wlbpsa|! Njtaj kjn tò`lw`n jm `mwàb` lm ~k` bs~ gtbi k`t jt`m~“s

ajx|`t- ^k` a`~~`t kjn sjln k` xjm~`n ~b i``~ Njtaj! jmn hjw` j Ib~à eps~ bgg LO0 Epmo~lbm:;

lm j sijaa ~bxm ojaa`n Gbt`s~ _ob`- L~ kjn jasb sjln k` xbpan bma| d` ~k`t` gbt j x``f gtbi ~k`

nj~` tlm~`n bm ~k` a`~~`t jmn ~kj~ xjs ~xb nj|s t`wlbps-

‑Jmhà! Njil`à x` jt` hblmh bm j tbjn ~tl ~b ~k` Abx Djof gbt`s~! x` a`jw` lm kjag jm

kbpt-’

‑\`s Ils~t`ss!’ ~k`| db~k ojaa`n djof gtbi ~k` dj~ktbbi-

%%%%%

Njtaj“s dlf` jmn ~k` ~xb ~tlf`s! dàbmhlmh ~b Jmhà jmn Njil`à! paa`n lm~b ~k` Ib~à

ojt jtf jmn sk` aboj~`n ~k` tbbi lmnloj~`n bm ~k` t`~ptm jnnt`ss- _k` fmbof`n bm ~k` nbbt jmn

~k` nbbt xjs b`m`n d| j h`m~aìjm lm kls iln)~klt~l`s-

‑Njtaj Htjkji2’

‑\`s ~kj~ ls i`!’ sk` jmsx`t`n-

‑^k`m a`js` obi` lm-’

^k` ~xlms jmn k`t xjaf`n lm~b ~k` tbbi! ‑Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Jmhà jmn Njil`à! i|

jt~m`ts lm jaa ~klmhs!’ sk` sjln js ~k` h`m~aìjm abbf`n Jmhà jmn Njil`à p jmn nbxm-

‑Mb tbdaì!’ k` sjln! ‑L ji _libm Htj|sbm bg Htj|sbm Ajx|`ts A~n! L t`t`s`m~ |bpt

gj~k`t jmn ib~k`t jmn kjw` nbm` sb slmo` 43>:! jmn L ji optt`m~a| ~k` tbdj~` bgglo`t bg |bpt

gj~k`t jmn ib~k`t“s ajs~ xlaa jmn ~`s~libm|-’

Gbpt |`jts jhb |bp fmbx |bpt ipi jmn njn pmn`t~bbf j hkbs~ b`tj~lbm jhjlms~ Htlmalmm

Ijmpgjo~ptlmh jmn m`w`t t`~ptm`n-

‑\`s L tììd`t ~kì a`jwlmh-’ _k` ibw`n ~b sl~ bm ~k` d`n jmn xjs eblm`n d| Jmhà

jmn Njil`à- Jmhà sj~ jmn abbf`n bw`t k`t tlhk~ skbpan`t- Njil`à xjs fm``lmh d`klmn k`t

abbflmh nltò~a| j~ _libm bw`t k`t a`g~ skbpan`t-

‑Js xjs ~k` mbti ~k`| obm~jo~`n i` d`gbt` ~k` b`tj~lbm jmn mbtijaa| ~k`| obm~jo~`n i`

jhjlm jg~`t ~k` b`tj~lbm ~b lmgbti i` bg ~k`lt sjg` t`~ptm- M`l~k`t bg ~kì kjs obm~jo~`n i`

slmo` ~kj~ nj| gbpt |`jts jhb- ^k` ajs~ xlaa jmn ~`s~libm| s~j~`n ~kj~ skbpan ~k`| jmn L i`jm

`l~k`t bt db~k mb~ obm~jo~ i| glti wlj sbi` i`~kbn xl~klm gbpt |`jts ~k`m ~k` ajs~ xlaa jmn

~`s~libm| skbpan d` t`jn- ^k` nbopi`m~ obpm~`tslhm`n d| ~kt`` b~k`t ajx|`ts jaa xkb xbtf`n

gbt i| glti j~ ~k` ~li`- ^k` xlaa s~j~`s ~kj~ ~k` `m~lt` `s~j~` xklok lm ~bnj|“s ibm`~jt| ~`tis ls

xbt~k 07-4 ilaalbm nòfs jmn lmoapn`s ~k` jjt~i`m~ |bp optt`m~a| t`sln` lm! j ajth` kbpsàboj~`n lm ~k` Abx Djof Gbt`s~ jmn j gpt~k`t kbps` aboj~`n lm ~k` Oklilaaj Klhkajmns hb`s ~b

~k`lt bma| ~tp` njphk~`t Njtaj ~b nb xl~k js sk` s``s gl~-’



Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n t`jnlmh ~k` a`~~`t sk` p~ l~ djof lm~b ~k` `mwàb` jmn t`)s`ja`n l~-

_k` ajo`n l~ lm ~k` lmsln` bof`~ bg k`t a`j~k`t ejof`~- ^k`m jg~`t obibslmh k`tsàg sk` s~bbn

p jmn xjaf`n bp~ xl~k ~k` ~xlms lm ~bx- ‑\bp ~xb xjl~ k`t`! L“aa d` djof skbt~a|-’

_k` otbss`n ~k` tbjn ~b ~k` djt! jmn b`m`n ~k` nbbt- ^k` lmsln` xjs j njtf djt sk` fm`x

ajo`s alf` Gbt s~ _ob` xbpan kjw - ^k` ijlm ~j tbbi xjs 03g``~ abmh d| j~ a js~ ?3g``~

xln`- D`klmn ~k` djt xjs ~kt`` s~jgg s`twlmh ?3 bnn ops~bi`ts- Ibs~ abbf`n alf` ~tj`ts jmn

`ba` kjtn`m`n d| xbtf lm ~k` gbb~ klaa gbt s~s jmn ibpm~jlms- _libm xjs sj~ bm j djt s~bba

ntlmflmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` j obgg``- _k` xjaf`n ~bxjtns kli j~ ~k` djt- ‑^kjmfs gbt ~k`

lmgbtij~lbm jdbp~ i| lmk`tl~jmo`- L“i k`jnlmh ~b ~k` kbps` mbx! dp~ L xbpan alf` ~b hb jabm`

jmn s`mn sbi` ~li` jabm` xl~k i| ~kbphk~s jmn iìbtl`s-’

‑Mb tbdaì Is- Htjkji! ojm L jsspi` ~kj~ |bp xlsk i` ~b tìjlm js |bpt ajx|`t jmn

ijlm~jlm ~k` bx`t bg j~~btm`| bw`t ~k` skjt`s jmn b~k`t lmobi`s-’

‑\`s ~kjmfs! L skjaa a`jw` ~k` s~j~ps zpb js ls js |bp kjw` s`tw`n i| gjila| xàa bw`t ~k`

|`jts- L ij| kjw` sbi` ibt` `ba` xkb ij| d` lm~`t`s~`n lm |bpt a`hja s`twlo`s-’

‑Xk| ~kjmf |bp Is- Htjkji jmn L abbf gbtxjtn ~b i``~lmh |bp jmn |bpt gtl`mns lm ~k`

m`jt gp~pt`-’

Njtaj ~ptm`n jmn kjn ~xb ntpmf`m i`m dabof k`t `{l~-

‑K`| djd`! |bp xjm~ sbi` obof2’ ~k` a`g~ kjmn dabf` sjln-

_libm ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ~kì jmn sk` sjln! ‑A`jw` l~ _libm! L“w` n`ja~ xl~k ~xj~s alf` ~kls

d`gbt -’ _k` ~k`m ~ptm`n djof jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` hp| xkb kjn sbf`m! ‑L xbpan `{kjps~ |bp

d`gbt` x` hb~ s~jt~`n!’ jmn sk` ~k`m galof`n k`t ejof`~ b`m ~b t`w`ja ~k` t`s`mo bg j \8 ls~ba

jmn d`gbt` kls jt~m`t obpan ibw` sk` htjdd`n kls otb~ok jmn szp`ù`n! ‑I| jnwlo` ~b |bp ls l~

sl~ nbxm jmn gbth`~ jdbp~ i` pma`ss |bp kjw` j n`j~k xlsk!’ Njtaj sjln lm j mb mbms`ms` wblo`

jmn sk` ~k`m psk`n db~k bg ~kì bp~ bg ~k` xj| jmn n`jt~`n ~k` djt ~b t`~ptm ~b ~k` dlf` jmn

~k` ~xlms! xkb kjn jat`jn| s~jt~`n ~k`lt ib~bt)~tlf`s-

Xl~klm gbt~| ilmp~`s bg a`jwlmh ~k` ib~à ojt)jtf! ~k` ~xlms jmn k`t xk`t` bm ~k` tbjn

~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` kbps`- Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh jdbp~ 03 ila`s ~k` ~kt`` bg ~kì jttlw`n j~ j ajth`! slmha`

s~bt`| kbps` sl~pj~`n bw`t abbflmh j d`jp~lgpa wl`x blm~ bm ~k` `nh` bg j oalgg- ^k`| jtf`n ~k`

w`kloa`s lm gtbm~ bg ~k` s~`s ~b ~k` gtbm~ w`tjmnj! xklok xjs ajth` `mbphk ~b kjw` j hjtn`m

~jda` jmn okjlts bm- Njtaj ~bbf ~k` sxl` ojtn! xklok kjn ntb`n gtbi ~k` a`~~`t! bp~ jmn

lms`t~`n l~ lm~b ~k` ojtn t`jn`t- _k` t`ss`n k`t ~kpid ~b ~k` sijaa sojmm`t aboj~`n m`{~ ~b ~k`

ojtn t`jn`t- Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns ~k` nbbt oalof`n jmn b`m`n-

^k` lmsln` bg ~k` kbps` xjs ajth` xl~k jm b`m ajm fl~ok`m aboj~`n bm ~k` a`g~ kjmn sln`

bg ~k` ajth` alwlmh tbbi- ^b ~k` tlhk~ xjs j xjaa xl~k ~xb nbbts bm` p sbi` s~`s ~k` b~k`t bm~k` sji` a`wà js ~k` alwlmh tbbi- Jaa ~k` gptml~pt` xjs obw`t`n d| nps~ sk``~s jmn ~k` jlt

obmnl~lbmlmh xjs s`~ ~b ijlm~jlm ~k` kpilnl~| j~ j a`wà ~kj~ xbpanm“~ n`htjn` ~k` gptml~pt`-



:<0

‑\bp ~xb pmobw`t ~k` gptml~pt` jmn sbt~ bp~ ~k` alwlmh tbbi xklas~ L `{abt` ~k` t`s~ bg

~k` kbps`!’ sk` sjln! jmn ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` abx`t bg ~k` ~xb nbbts- _k` ~lt`n ~k` nbbt jmn

gbpmn l~ abof`n- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` nbbt jmn gbpmn eps~ d`m`j~k ~k` kjmna` j abmh kba`! w`t|

slilajt ~b ~k` abof bm ~k` dj~ktbbi nbbt j~ ~k` jjt~i`m~- _k` ~bbf ~k` f`| bp~ jmn lms`t~`n l~ lm

~k` kba` pmn`t ~k` kjmna` jmn ~ptm`n l~- _k` k`jtn ~k` abof hb oapmf js l~ t`~tjo~`n! sk` ~k`m

~tl`n ~k` kjmna` jmn ~k` nbbt b`m`n ~bxjtns k`t- Lm gtbm~ bg k`t xjs j jssjh`xj| xklok al~ p

js s`msbts n`~ò~`n k`t t`s`mo` lm ~k` nbbtxj|- Njtaj s~jt~`n nbxm ~k` jssjh` xj| jmn jg~`t

glg~| g``~ bg l~ hblmh bm j nbxm htjn` l~ b`m`n p lm~b j ijsslw` tbbi xklok alf` ~k` obttlnbt

al~ p xk`m s`msbts n`~ò~`n ~k` t`s`mo` bg k`t- ^k` tbbi xjs glaa`n xl~k skàw`s pbm skàw`s

bg glt`jtis! `zpli`m~! jtibpt! ~bbas! jmn àò~tbmlo n`wlo`s- _k` xkls`t`n! ‑^kjmf |bp ipi

jmn njn! L abw` |bp db~k ab~s jmn ab~s!’ jmn j ~`jt ~tlofa`n nbxm k`t ok``f-

_k` smj`n djof bp~ bg ~kbs` ~kbphk~s jmn sjln ~b k`tsàg! ‑Wl{`ms k`t`! xk`m2’

%%%%%

Mlds jmn ~k` b~k`ts oabs`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt bg ~k` Kbi`djs`! xjaf`n nbxm ~k` s~`s jmn

x`m~ ~b obaaò~ ~k`lt dlf`s-

‑Kài`~s `w`t|bm`!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑Hbbn blm~!’ ^lmj sjln! ‑X` nb m``n ~b x`jt ~kì xk`m x` a`jw` j ol~| bm jm LO-’‑\bp fmbx L kjw`m“~ hb~ bm`!’ Mlds sjln-

‑Bbs! hbbn blm~ jmn x` kjw`m“~ hb~ j sjt`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑^k`m L sphh`s~ x` hb jmn dp| bm` ~k`m!’ sphh`s~`n _jmntj-

‑Mbx ~kj~“s jm ln`j!’ sk` sjln js sk` xk`à`n k`t dlf` bp~ jmn sj~ bm l~ xjl~lmh gbt

`w`t|bm` às` ~b d` t`jn|-

Xk`m Jds kjn abof`n ~k` hjtjh` nbbts jmn s`~ ~k` jajti! `w`t|bm` s~jt~`n ~k`lt dlf`

`mhlm`s jmn paa`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn bm~b ~k` ijlm s~t``~- Mlds ~kbphk~! ‛ L m``n ~b phtjn`~kj~-“

%%%%%

Jg~`t s`mnlmh jdbp~ ~x`m~| ilmp~`s dtbxslmh ~k` wjtlbps k`jn tb~ò~lbms _ji“s _p`t

Dlf`s kjn bm skbx! Mlds sàò~`n j ajlm dajof gpaa)gjo` kài`~ xl~k j njtf`m`n wlsbt- _k` ~tl`n

l~ bm jmn gbpmn l~ gl~~`n `{jo~a|- Jg~`t j|lmh gbt l~ sk` eblm`n `w`t|bm` bp~sln`6 xk`t` ~k`|

k`jn`n gbt ~k` ~tpof s~b xk`t` ~k`| kjn sjln ~k`| xbpan i``~ Hjt|-

Jg~`t loflmh p LO0 gtbi ~k` s~jt~ ~k`| s`n jabmh l~ pm~la Epmo~lbm :3 xk`t` ~k` ijlm



:<8

‛W`t| hbbn wjap` gbt ~k` slu` bg ~k` i`ja!“ sk` ~kbphk~

Bp~sln` ~k` spm xjs klhk lm ~k` sf| jmn gà~ zpl~` xjti! dp~ j alhk~ dt`ù` xjs jasb

dabxlmh gtbi ~k` mbt~k)`js~- Hjt|! Sjpa! ^lmj jmn Jds xjl~ n gbt ~k` jlt ~b j| gbt ~k` gbbn6

xk`m ~k`| oji` bp~ ~k` htbp xjaf`n ~bxjtns xk`t` ~k` dlf`s x`t` jtf`n- @w`t|bm` okòf`n

~k` okbf`ts jmn `jtlò`s x`t` s~laa lm ajo`! oalid`n bm~b ~k`lt dlf`s! jmn `jok bm` tjii`n ~k`

flof)s~jt~s nbxm jmn a`~ ~k` `mhlm`s lna`-

Hjt| sphh`s~`n! ‑L~ ij| d` j hbbn ln`j ~b s~b gbt gpà jmn xbtf bp~ ~k` tbp~` ~b

Njtaj“s!’

‑Hbbn ln`j!’ Sjpa t`sbmn`n-

Mlds a`n ~k` xj| bp~ bg ~k` ~tpof)s~b! ~bxjtns ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm aboj~`n m`{~ ~b ~k` alm` bg

~baa dbb~ks- ^k` s~j~lbm kjn glg~``m gpà pis! ~kt`` n`nloj~`n ~b t`gpàalmh ~tpofs jmn tbjn)

~tjlm ~tjo~bt pml~s jmn ~xàw` ~b t`gpàalmh b~k`t w`kloa`s- Js glw` pis x`t` mb~ d`lmh ps`n!

`jok dlf` paa`n p d`sln` `jok bm`! obia`~à| glaa`n ~k`lt ~jmfs xl~k klhk `tgbtijmo`- Jg~`t

glaalmh! ~k` glw` ibw`n bp~ bg ~k` xj| bg ~k` pis ~b a`~ gbpt b~k`t ps`ts lm! xkla` Hjt| ~bbf

~k` glg~k pi jmn glaa`n kls ~jmf js xàa-

_jmntj! xkb kjn hbm` lm~b ~k` skb! s~bbn j~ ~k` obpm~`t xjl~lmh gbt Hjt| ~b glmlsk sb sk`

obpan j| bg ~k` gpà- Jg~`t j|lmh gbt l~ sk` oji` bp~sln` jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` dlf`s x`t`

jtf`n- ^k` htbp x`t` kjwlmh j nlsopsslbm bw`t xklok tbp~` xjs d`s~-Js sk` xjaf`n djof Mlds sjln! ‑^kj~ ls ~tp`! L nbm“~ ilmn otbss)obpm~t| xbtf! dp~ L nbm“~

s`jf gbt `w`t|bm`! l~ lsm“~ gpm gbt ibs~ `ba`! aps L ~klmf l~ xlaa d` w`t| kjtn bm ~k` dlf`s

~k`|“t` mb~ s`~p gbt otbss obpm~t| xbtf-’

‑Xkj~ jt` ~k` b~lbms gbt ~k` ebptm`|2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Ntlwlmh ~b Epmo~lbm):; jmn ~k`m k`jnlmh mbt~k wlj Gbt`s~ _ob` ~b Njtaj“s! bt obilmh bgg

j~ Epmo~lbm):0 jmn k`jnlmh mbt~k jmn ~k`m `js~ wlj j ~bxm bg Al~~a` Ilnna`~bm!’ tàl`n Sjpa-

‑X` nbm“~ fmbx ~k` jt`j! L wb~` gbt `js| Epmo~lbm):;!’ sk` sjln-‑Bf ~k`m! Epmo~lbm):; l~ ls ~k`m!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑L eps~ xjm~ ~b s`` Mlds hb otbss)obpm~t|-’

‑Lg ~kj~“s ~k` bma| t`jsbm ~k`m L ojm skbx |bp xk`m x` h`~ ~k`t` bm j psk)dlf` tj~k`t

~kjm j ib~btdlf`- L~“s j ab~ ibt` gpm! aps l~ xbpan hlw` i` jm `{ops` ~b h`~ bm`! L kjn bm` j~

kbi`! dp~ flmn bg gbthb~ ~b dtlmh l~!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds js sk` xjaf`n ~bxjtns k`t dlf`- @w`t|bm`

lof`n p ~k lt kài ~s jmn p~ ~kì bm! js ~k` _pttj Obpm~t| ajx lmnloj~`n jaa `ba` tlnlmh

dlf`s ips~ x jt j kài`~ xk`m bm ~k` LO bp~sln` ~k` ol~| `tli`~`t bt as` k`ja~k jmn w`kloa`

lmsptjmo` ls lmwjalnj~`n-

Jaa ~k` dlf`s s~jt~`n jmn ibw`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` ~baadbb~ks! xk`t` `jok tln`t kjn



~b j| j Nòf ~b h`~ bm~b LO0- ^k` dbb~ks ~kìsàw`s x`t` bm` abmh alm` bg jdbp~ ~x`m~|

sl~pj~`n bm ~k` `m~t|)tji salxj| jmn ~k` LO l~sàg! ~k` dlf`s paa`n p ~b bm` bg ~k` dbb~ks jmn

Mlds sjln! ‑_l{ dlf`s-’

‑_l{ Nòfs!’ oji` ~k` tà| gtbi ~k` b`tj~bt bw`t abpns`jf`ts- _k` ntb`n sl{ nòf

oblms lm~b ~k` kb`t jmn ~k` hj~` alg~`n ~b jaabx ~k` dlf`s ~ktbphk- Jg~`t a`jwlmh ~k` obm~tbaa`n

jt`j bg ~k` ~baadbb~ks! jaa sl{ xbtf`n ~k`lt xj| ~ktbphk ~k` dlf`s“ h`jts jmn jooà`tj~`n nbxm

~k` salxj| jmn bm~b ~k` gjs~)ibwlmh ~tjgglo bg ~k` LO06 jaa ~k` dlf`s x`t` psklmh :83FSK

zpl~` zplofa|-

Js ~k`| ntbw` jabmh ~k` LO sk` xjs d`lmh k`t `w`t bds`twjm~ sàg! mb~lo`n ~kj~ js ~k`|

jss`n bw`t LO:3! ~kj~ `w`m ~ktbphk ~k` ajmnsoj` bg otbs s~j|`n ~k` sji` l~ dòji`

obmsln`tjda| ibt` ilal~jm~ ~k` gpt~k`t ~k`| ~tjwàa`n gtbi ~k` ol~|- Js ~k`| jss`n Epmo~lbm):7!

xklok kjn j sijaa ~bxm aboj~`n eps~ ~b ~k` sbp~k bg ~k` LO! sk` sjx j~ a`js~ ~xb j~tba ojts bm

~k` dtlnh` jmn ~k` bgglo`ts ojtt|lmh k`jw| glt`bx`t-

Jdbp~ jm kbpt aj~`t ~k` dlf` sjx ~k` slhms gbt Epmo~lbm):; jmn j xjtmlmh bg mb ~ptmlmh gbt

7>4flabi`~t`s- Jaa ~k` dlf`s lmnloj~`n jmn ~bbf p ~k` lmsln` ajm` ~kj~ xbpan a`jn ~kì p ~k`

bgg)tji! ~bxjtns ~k` epmo~lbm ~kj~ xbpan p~ ~kì bm ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ tjm m`jt Njtaj“s-

^k` htbp ntbw` lm~b ~k` sijaa ~bxm bg Gbt`s~ _ob`! j ~bptls~ ~tj gbt ~kbs` xlsklmh ~b

`{abt` ~k` ibpm~jlms-

‑_~b k`t` gbt sbi` alhk~ t`gt`ski`m~s!’ sphh`s~`n ^lmj bw`t ~k` obii- s|s~ì-

‑\`jk! ~kj~ xbpan d` jm ln`j!’ tàl`n _jmntj! ‑L nb g`à lm m``n bg j ntlmf jmn j sibf`!

lg mb~klmh às`-’

^k` htbp k`jn`n p ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ tjm ~ktbphk ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` ~bxm jmn gbpmn j

obpa` bg aboja nlm`ts jmn j gjs~ gbbn ajo`! bxm`n d| Fjmmbof-

‑Xklok bm`2’ sk` jsf`n-

_k` kjn jm ln`j xklok bm` xbpan d` okbs`m! `w`t|bm` jht``n mb~ Fjmmbof-

^lmj! js sk` kjn ~k` a`jn! lmnloj~`n a`g~! otbss`n ~k` tbjn jmn jtf`n p lm gtbm~ bg ~k`

nlm`t m`jt ~k` mbt~k sln` bg ~k` ~bxm- ^k` bp~sln` bg ~k` nlm`t xjs w`t| ipok j ibn`tm abbflmh

ptbs`)dpla~ dplanlmh- L~ xjs bbsl~` bm` bg ~k` dlhh`t ib~ as- @w`t|bm` gbaabx n ^lmj jmn

jtf`n p bp~sln` ~k` nlm t! oalid n bgg! a g~ ~k`lt kài`~s bm ~k` s j~s bg ~k` dlf`s jmn xjaf`n

lmsln`-

^k` htbp xjaf`n lm~b ~k` nlm`t! xklok kjn j kbià| g`à ~b l~ js ~k` lmsln` xjs alm`n

xl~k xbbn jmàalmh6 xl~k ~jda`s jabmh ~k` sln` xjaa jmn j obpa` jabmh ~k` gtbm~ xlmnbx- @jok

~jda` xjs obw`t`n xl~k j dap`)jmn)t`n okòf`n ~jdaòab~k jmn kjn j sja~ jmn ``t skjf`t bm lm

gtbm~ bg j i`mp- ^k` htbp xjaf`n p ~b ~k` obpm~`t xklok s~t`~ok`n jabmh ~k` a`g~ xjaa ~b ~k`w`t| djof bg ~k` nlm`t! xk`t` ~xb nbbts xk`t`! bm` ~b ~k` ~bla`~s! ~k` b~k`t ~b ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j-

D`klmn ~k` obpm~`t xjs j ajthlsk ija` x`jtlmh j alhk~ dap` ^)sklt~! dajof ~tbps`ts jmn j dajof



:<<

jtbm- ‑Kbx L ij| L d` bg kà2’ k` jsf`n-

Jds t`sbmn`n glts~! ‑Nb |bp kjw` jm| bejm eplo`2’

‑X` nb-’

‑J hajss bg bejm eplo` a`js`- Kbx ipok!’ Jds jsf`n-

‑Bm` nòf!’ ~k` ijm t`sbmn`n-

Jds ~bbf k`t xjaa`~ bp~! ~bbf bp~ j 0)Nòf mb~` jmn jss`n l~ ~b kli6 k` s~pgg`n l~ lm~b ~k`

bof ~ bg kls jtbm! nph bp~ >)Nòfs okjmh` jmn jss n l~ ~b Jds-

Sjpa sbf` m`{~! $J kji sjmnxlok jmn j iph bg obgg`` a`js`2$

$Bf! ojm L ~jf` ~k` t`s~ bg |bpt btn`ts2$ k` jsf`n-

_k` sbf` m`{~ jsflmh gbt! ‑Ojm L kjw` j oklof`m sjmnxlok jmn j Okjl Aj~~` a`js`-’

Hjt| xjs ~k` m`{~ ~b s`jf! ‑J dbxa bg ~bij~b sbp jmn j gt`sk djhp`~~` a`js`-’

_jmntj sbf` m`{~ jmn jsf`n gbt ~k` sji` js Mlds! `{o`~ k`t ntlmf xjs j obgg``-

^lmj sbf` ajs~ jmn jsf`n gbt j sjajn sjmnxlok jmn jm @jta Ht`| ~`j-

‑^kjmf |bp! a`js` ~jf` j s`j~ jmn |bpt btn`ts xlaa d` xl~k |bp skbt~a|-’ t`sbmn`n ~k`

ijm! xkb xjaf`n bp~ ~b ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j- W`t| sbbm j ilnna`)jh`n xbijm j`jt`n j~ ~k` nbbt

jmn zplofa| abbf`n jtbpmn! sjx mb bm` m`x jmn nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m- Jdbp~ ~`m

ilmp~`s aj~`t ~k` xbijm j`jt`n ojtt|lmh j ajth` ~tj| ~b ~k` ~jda` jmn ajo`n ~k` ~tj| nbxm

jmn s`jfs! ‑Okjl Aj~~`2’ js Mlds lmnloj~`n ~kj~ l~ xjs k`ts! sk` jss`n l~ ~b Mlds- ‑Obgg``2’

db~k Sjpa jmn _jmntj lmnloj~`n ~kj~ xjs ~k`lt ntlmfs jmn jss`n ~kì ~b ~kì! $@jta Ht`|2$^lmj lmnloj~`n ~kj~ sk` btn`t`n ~kj~ jmn joo`~`n l~ js ~k` xbi`m jss`n l~ ~b k`t- ‑\bpt

sjmnxlok`s jmn sbp xlaa d` xl~k |bp skbt~a|-’

Sjpa t`sbmn`n! ‑^kjmfs-’

J obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t! ~k` ijm t`~ptm`n ojtt|lmh j ~tj| ajn`m xl~k aj~`s! sjmnxlok`s

jmn j dbxa bg sbp- K`! alf` ~k` xbijm! s`~ l~ nbxm jmn jss`n ~k` aj~`s jmn dbxa ~b `jok

`tsbm! jsflmh Jds! ‑Nb |bp xlsk ~b btn`t sbi` gbbn ij(ji2’

‑Mb ~kjmfs! L“i zpl~` jaa tlhk~! ~kjmf |bp!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-^k` nbbt ~b ~k` s~t``~ b`m jmn ~xb i`m xjaf`n lm! `jok x`jtlmh j alhk~ dap` skbt~)

sa``w`n sklt~ jmn dajof ~tbps`ts! db~k x`jtlmh balo` hpmdà~s xl~k j <ii jp~bij~lo jmn b~k`t

jssbt~`n balo` `zpli`m~-

^k` ijm abbf`n p jmn sj|s! $Jk _k`tlgg! N`p~|- Kbx ij| L d` bg kà ~b |bp2’

‑Dtljm-’ ~k` ban`t ijm sjln lm t`sbms`! ‑Gbbn jmn ntlmf gbt i|sàg jmn ^kbijs-’

‑Mb tbdaìs-’

^k` ~xb i`m ~bbf j ~jda` lm gtbm~ bg ~k` xlmnbx jmn! jg~`t ~k` ijm glmlsk`n kjmnlmh bp~

~k` gbbn! k` x`m~ bw`t ~b ~k` i`m jmn ~bbf ~k`lt btn`ts! ~k`m nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m-

^k` htbp ~pof`n lm~b ~k` gbbn jmn sla`m~a| glmlsk`n ~k` gbbn6 sk` als~`m`n ~b ~k` _k`tlgg



jmn N`p~| js ~k`| jt` okj~~lmh jdbp~ ~k` h`m`tja kj`mlmhs lm ~k` ~bxm jmn aboja jt`j-

Xk`m ~k` hp|s kjn glmlsk`n `j~lmh! j |bpmh xbijm s~bbn d`klmn ~k` obpm~`t6 silalmh j~

~k` htbp js Hjt| xjaf`n p jmn jln ~k` dlaa6 ~k`m k` gbaabx`n ~k` htbp bp~sln`! oal`n ~k`

kài`~ ~b ~k` dlf`! js xk`m ~k`| kjn a`g~ ~k` LO ~k` ajx jdbp~ x`jtlmh kài`~s mb abmh`t

jal`n- ^k`| jaa ibpm~`n jmn s~jt~`n ~k` `mhlm`s jmn n`jt~`n k`jnlmh mbt~k-

‑Mb~ ~bb gjt mbx ls l~2’ _jmntj jsf`n bw`t ~k` obii- s|s~ì-

‑Mb l~ lsm“~!’ sk` tàl`n jg~`t okòflmh k`t SNP xklok xjs oal`n bm ~b ~k` kjmna`djts!

‑^k` ~ptm)bgg ls mlm`)~b)~`m flabi`~t`s jk`jn jmn bgg ~b ~k` tlhk~-’

Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh ~`m flabi`~t`s Jds sjx j slhm blm~lmh ~b ~k` tlhk~ lmnloj~lmh ~kj~ ~k` nlt~

tbjn xbpan a`jn `ba` ~b ^lid`t ojisl~`! slhmbs~`n js d`lmh >3 ila`s jxj|- Jaa sl{ dlf`s

sabx`n! ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn s~jt~`n p ~k` ?3flabi`~t`s pm~la ~k`| ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n `js~ p ~b

Njtaj“s obpm~t| t`~t`j~-

%%%%%

P j~ ~k` kbps` Njtaj! Jmhà jmn Njil`à x`t` s~bbn lm ~k` fl~ok`m- Db~k Jmhà jmn

Njil`à x`t` nt`ss`n lm obidj~ gj~lhp` ~tbps`ts jmn j ht``m ~lhk~ w`s~ ~b- Db~k ojttl`n

Jojnì| IU70Fs bm skbpan`t s~tjs jmn kjn ~xb `{~tj ijhjulm`s bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` bg ~k`lt

dbnl s-

^k` fl~ok`m xjs j ajth` szpjt` jt`j spttbpmn`n bm ~xb sln`s d| b`m)~b obpm~`ts6 ~k`

bma| xj| lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m! gtbi ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` kbps`! xjs gtbi j s`~ bg s~jlts bm ~k` sbp~k)`js~

sln` oabs`s~ ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- Jabmh ~k` mbt~k)x`s~ xjaa xjs j ajth` gltàjo` xk`t` j mptjmo`

xjs sabxa| ~ptmlmh bm j sl~- ^k` fl~ok`m xjs ijn` gtbi ~k` aboja gbt`s~- @w`m ~k` glt` d`m`j~k

~k` lh xjs aboja n`jn xbbn- J nbbt bm ~k` mbt~k x`s~ xjaa a`jn ~b j sijaa bp~ kbps` xklok

kbps`n ~k` xbbn spa| gbt ~k` glt` ajo`s-

$_kjaa bm` bg ps hb ~b ~k` ijlm tbjn ils~t`ss2$ jsfs Jmhà-

$\`s!’ sk` tàl`n jmn obm~lmp`n jg~`t abbflmh j~ ~k` oabof! ‑Jmhà lg |bp a`jw` mbx |bp

skbpan i``~ ~kì bm ~k` nlt~ tbjn! dp~ hb tlhk~ ~b ~k` epmo~lbm xl~k ~k` ijlm tbjn-’

Js Jmhà a`g~ ~k` fl~ok`m sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! js sk` jss`n ~k` obj~ ~t`` sk`

htjdd`n k`t a`j~k`t ejof`~ jmn saln l~ bm bw`t ~k` _IH- Xk`m sk` kjn `{l~`n ~k` kbps` sk`

k`jtn ~k` dltn sbmh jmn oklt! oklt bg xbbnajmn alg`- K`t ib~bt) ~tlf` xjs lm ~k` hjtjh`! xklok

jasb nbpda`n js ~k` ijlm xbtfskb- _k` sj~ bm ~k` s`j~ jmn kl~ ~k` àò~tlo s~jt~ jmn sàò~`n

t`w`ts` jmn sabxa| paa`n bp~ bg ~k` hjtjh` jmn k`jn`n nbxm ~k` ~tjof ~kj~ a`n gtbi ~k` ~tjof ~kj~ x`m~ ~b ^lid`t ojisl~`-

Js sk` ntbw` j~ jdbp~ >3FSK nbxm ~k` pm`w`m tbjn sk` hb~ j s~tjmh` s`msj~lbm! ~k` kjlt



43:

bm ~k` djof bg k`t mòf s~bbn jmn sk` gà~ w`t| `pkbtlo! js lg sk` kjn eps~ sibf`n j obi`~`

dapm~ j~ bmo`- Js sk` ntbw` sk` g a~ ~k` s msj~lbm nl` jxj| js sk` hb~ gpt~k`t jmn gpt~k`t gtbi!

xkj~ sk` obpan bma| n`glm`n js ~k` sbpto`-

Js sk` ~ptm`n nbxm ~k` ~tjof ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm tbjn! sk` sjx ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hp|s k`jnlmh

p ~k` ~tjof ~bxjtns k`t- _k` ~ptm`n k`t ib~bt)~tlf` jtbpmn jmn xjl~`n gbt ~k`m ~b h`~ ~b k`t

jmn sk` eblm`n ~k` htbp js ~k`| xjw`n jmn jss`n k`t- _k` nltò~`n ~k` htbp p ~k` nlt~ ~tjof

k`jnlmh gbt ~k` kbps` jg~`t jdbp~ ~xàw` ila`s ~k` htbpmn s~jt~`n ~b tls` jmn ~k` ~tjof x`m~ p!

~k` ~tjof gbaabx`n ~k` oalgg `nh` gbt ibs~ bg ~k` tbp~` ~b Njtaj“s-

%%%%%

J~ ~k` kbps` Njtaj jmn Njil`à k`jtn ~k` jtbjok bg ~k` dlf`s jmn xjmn`t`n ~bxjtns

~k` gtbm~ nbbt ~b xàobi` ~k` hp`s~s- Njil`à jmn sk` s~bbn bm ~k` w`tjmnj j~ ~k` ~b bg `lhk~

s~`s p6 l~ jasb kjn j sxlmh s`j~ bm l~ mbx-

^k` hp|s paa`n p jmn jtf`n! oalid`n bgg jmn ~k`m s~jt~`n p ~k` `lhk~ s~`s ~b ~k`

w`tjmnj jmn bmxjtns lm~b ~k` kbps`-

‑Xàobi` ~b i| jt`m~s jmn mbx i| obpm~t| t`~t`j~! `w`t|bm`!’ sk` sjln js ~k`| hb~ ~b

~k` w`tjmnj- ‑Sa`js` kjmh |bpt obj~s bm ~k` obj~ ba`s jmn ijf` |bptsàw`s j~ kbi`! mbtija

Wl{`m tpa`s ja|-’@w`t|bm` ~tjls`n lm sln` jmn n`bsl~`n ~k`lt djhs m`jt ~k` ~xb obj~ ba`s ~kj~ x`t`

aboj~`n m`jt ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- ^k` aj|bp~ bg ~k` alwlmh tbbi kjn d``m salhk~a| okjmh`n gtbi xk`m

~k` ~xlms jmn sk` kjn jttlw`n j obpa` bg nj|s d`gbt`- ^k` sbgjs jmn jti okjlts kjn d``m

ibw`n jtbpmn salhk~a| sb ~b gjo` ~k` ajth` xlmnbx ~kj~ tjm ~k` `m~lt` a`mh~k bg ~k` sbp~k sln` bg

~k` kbps`- ^k` wl`x xjs bm` bg abbflmh bp~ bw`t ~k` ~jaa Xlaajddj lm`s jmn b~k`t ~jaa gbt`s~

~t``s-

Mlds sjln ~b _jmntj! ‑Xkj~ j d`jp~lgpa wl`x-’

_jmntj tàl`n! ‑\`jk |bpt mb~ flnnlmh jt` |bp-’

$Njil`à hb jmn p~ ~k` f`~~a` bm!$ sjln Njtaj jg~`t `w`t|bm` xjs lmsln`

$\`s ils~t`ss!$ t`sbmn`n Njil`à jmn sk` nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m-

Njtaj blm~`n ~b ~k` nbbt p ~k` s~jlts jmn sjln! $^kj~ a`jns ~b ~k` d`n tbbis- Jmn nbxm

~k`t`!$ jmn sk` blm~s ~b ~k` b~k`t nbbt! $~kj~“s ~k` oàajt nbbt-$ Bgg ~b ~k` a`g~ xjs jmb~k`t s`~ bg

s~`s xklok a`n ~b jm b`m ajm fl~ok`m! xk`t` Njil`à xjs t`jtlmh sbi` ntlmfs- Eps~

d`|bmn ~k` xlmnbx xjs j ajth` w`tjmnj xl~k j xbbn`m hjtn`m ~jda` jmn okjlts- _pttbpmnlmh

~k` w`tjmnj xjs j xjls~ klhk tjlalmh- Jaa ~k` lm~`tmja xjaas bg ~k` kbps` x`t` w`t| ipok alf` ~k`



`{~`tmja! ijn` gtbi xbbn jlm~`n xl~k j alhk~ wjtmlsk- @w`t|bm` ibw`n lm~b ~k` s`j~lmh jt`j

jmn sj~ nbxm! ~k`m ~k`| jaa ~bbf bp~ ~k`lt ~lms jmn `l~k`t tbaa`n j dapm~ bt abjn`n j l`- ^k`m

`w`t|bm` sibf`n ~kì jmn tàj{`n jg~`t ~k` abmh ntlw`-

‑Mlo` ajo` |bp kjw` k`t` Njtaj!’ sjln Hjt|! jg~`t Njil`à kjn jss`n bp~ ~k` ntlmfs-

$^kjmf |bp Hjt|!’ tàl`n Njtaj! ‑L ~kbphk~ tàj{ ~bmlhk~ jmn kjw` gpm ~bibttbx jmn ~k`

m`{~ g`x nj|s- ^k`m nòln` xkj~ ~b nb jg~`t ~kj~-$

$Nbm(~ ~k` Gbt`s~ Tjmh`ts ilmn ~kls d`lmh k`t`2$ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` xjs sj~ d`sln` k`t

jt~m`t abbflmh bp~ bw`t ~k` gbt`s~-

$Mb! i| ipi jmn njn xk`t` db~k xbtf`n gbt ~k` _pttj Gbt`s~ Tjmh`ts d`gbt` ~k`|

jss`n jxj|! l~s bm` bg ~k` `tfs bg ~k` ebd! ~k` tjmh`ts h`~ ~b dplan ~k lt bxm kbi`s lm ~k`

gbt`s~ ~k`| xbtf lm- _b ~k`t`gbt` ipi jmn njn dpla~ ~kls ajo`- L~ xjs jss`n ~b i` lm ~k`lt

xlaas-$

$W`t| mlo`!$ Mlds sjln

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` `w`mlmh xjs s`m~ tàj{lmh jmn `meb|lmh ~k` obijm| bg `w`t|bm`- Jdbp~

:3lsk db~k Mlds jmn _jmntj `{ops`n ~kì sàw`s jmn x`m~ ~b d`n- A`~“s eps~ sj| ~k`| nlnm(~

sa`` ipok ~kj~ mlhk~- Js ~k`lt tbbi bw`tabbf`n ~k` oalgg jmn l~ xjs j oa`jt mlhk~-

%%%%%



43?

Okj~`t :8

J~ sbi` blm~ nptlmh ~k` mlhk~ _jmntj abx`t`n k`t k`jn jmn ajln l~ bm Mlds( ok`s~ jmn

~k`| db~k gàa lm~b j t`s~gpa sa``-_k` xjs ~k` glts~ ~b xjf` jmn abbf`n j~ k`t SNP jmn sjx l~ xjs bma| 38-?3DM! db~k sk`

jmn _jmntj ips~ kjw` hb~ bma| j g`x kbpts sa`` dp~ l~ gà~ alf` j gpaa mlhk~s xbt~k- ^k` spm xjs

s~t`jilmh ~ktbphk ~k` xlmnbx! sk` abbf`n nbxm jmn sjx k`t jt~m`ts k`jn t`s~lmh bm k`t

dt`js~s! jmn eps~ aj|lmh ~k`t` xl~k k`t alg` jt~m t sk` t jals`n sk` kjn gbpmn xkb sk` xjs j~

ajs~- _k` alg~`n _jmntj(s k`jn bgg k`t ok`s~ jmn ibw`n j laabx sb l~ xjs pmn`t k`t k`jn jmn

abx`t`n l~ djof jmn sabxa| saln bp~ bg ~k` d`n jmn zpl`~a| xjaf`n jotbss ~k` xbbn`m gabbt- _k`

lof`n p j nt`sslmh hbxm gtbi ~k` djof bg bm` bg ~k` ~xb okjlts! `{l~ n ~k` d`ntbbi jmn

xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` obttlnbt ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi- Xk`m sk` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi sk`

sjx db~k ^lmj jmn Jds aj|lmh jti lm jti bm ~k` opsklbms- _k` otbss`n ~k` alwlmh tbbi ~b ~k`

fl~ok`m jmn ijn` k`tsàg j op bg okjl jmn xjaf`n djof jotbss ~k` alwlmh tbbi ~bxjtns ~k`

w`tjmnj- Js sk` otbss`n djof ~bxjtns ~k` w`tjmnj sk` sb~~`n k`t ~lm jmn j~jt aj|lmh lm ~k`

sji` ajo` js sk` kjn a`g~ l~ ~k` t`wlbps mlhk~- _k` saln ~k` nbbt djof jmn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` gt`sk

oa`jm jlt- _k` ~k`m xjaf`n ~b sl~ bm bm` bg ~k` hjtn`m okjlts jmn ajo`n k`t op bg okjl bm ~k`

~jda` jmn eps~ abbf`n bp~ jotbss ~k` ~t`` ~bs- L~ xjs j d`jp~lgpa slhk~! Njtaj(s gjila| kjn gbpmn j

ibs~ d`jp~lgpa ajo` ~b dplan ~k`t` t`~t`j~- ^k` spm xjs xjti jmn a`jsjm~ jmn sk` xjs j~ `jo`

xl~k k`tsàg xklas~ sk` sj~ ~k`t` jdsbtdlmh ~k` spm(s tj|s-

Jg~`t j xkla`! xklok sk` nlnm(~ ojt` kbx abmh l~ xjs! ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` kbps` saln sla`m~a|

b`m jmn _jmntj zpl`~a| xjaf`n bp~ jmn flss`n k`t bm ~k` ok``f- _k` ibw`n k`t k`jn jmn

flss`n _jmntj djof-

$^kbphk~ |bp x`t` bp~ k`t`! L nls~lmo~a| tììd`tlmh hblmh ~b sa`` bm |bpt dt`js~s ajs~

mlhk~ jmn ~k`m xjflmh ~b glmn j laabx pmn`t i| k`jn-$ sk` skbbf k`t k`jn j~ k`t jaa ~k` ~li`

silalmh-

$^k` spm xbf` i` kpm jmn L obpanm(~ h`~ djof ~b sa``- _b L hb~ p jmn eps~ sj~ k`t` jmn

tàj{`n-$

$Xk`t`(s |bpt ~lm2$ _jmntj jsf`n js sk` xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` ~jda` jmn ajo`n k`t op~` dpi

lm bm` bg ~k` b~k`t okjlts-

$Lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi xk`t` L a`g~ l~ ajs~ mlhk~-$

$Bk hbbn js abmh js l~ mb~ abs~-$

^k` m`{~ ~klmh ~k` ~xb fm`x xjs Njtaj obilmh bp~ da`jt|`n `|`n ojtt|lmh Mlds“ ~lm-

$Xkb(s ~lm2$

$Ilm` Njtaj- L fm`x xk`t` l~ xjs jmn ~kj~ l~ xjs mb~ hblmh ~b d` mlof`n-$



$^tp`! dp~ m`w`t a`~ l~ bp~ bg |bpt slhk~-$

$Bf- Ils~t`ss!$ sk` t`sbmn`n xl~k j klm~ bg ilt~k lm k`t wblo`-

$Xj~ok l~ |bp- Eps~ dòjps` Jmhà jmn Njil`à jt` i| sajw`s nbm(~ i`jm L ojm(~ kjw`

jmb~k`t bm` lm i| s~jda`!$ t`sbmn`n Njtaj ~b ~k` obii`m~- $Jm|xj|! xkj~“s ~k` ~li`2$ jsf`n

Njtaj-

$Nbm(~ fmbx! nbm(~ ojt`!$ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

$Xk`m `w`t|bm` ls jxjf` jmn p! L(aa skbx jaa bg |bp ~k` t`jsbm xk| L jsf`n |bp k`t`-

L~“s lm ~k` djsì`m~-$

$Bk sbpmns lm~`t`s~lmh!$ sk` t`sbmn`n-

$Bk L ~klmf |bp jaa xlaa glmn l~ hbbn jmn lm~`t`s~lmh-$

_bbm jg~`t Njtaj kjn xjaf`n bp~ Njil`à xjaf`n bp~ ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k ? s~`jilmh ops

bg obgg``! j eph bg ilaf jmn j dbxa bg sphjt! $Dt`jfgjs~ ls bm l~s xj| ils~t`ss-$

$^kjmf |bp Njil`à!$ tàl`n Njtaj-

Njil`à ajo`n ~k` ~tj| bm ~jda` jmn ajo`n j op lm gtbm~ bg `jok bg ~k` ~kt`` s`j~`n j~

~k` ~jda` jmn ~k`m ajo`n ~k` ilaf jmn sphjt lm ~k` ilnna` jmn ~k`m sk` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` kbps`-

Jg~`t jdbp~ :3 ilmp~`s db~k Jmhà jmn Njil`à j`jt`n lm ~k` nbbt xj| a`jnlmh gtbi

~k` w`tjmnj db~k ojtt|lmh ~tj|s xl~k s~`jilmh aj~`s la`n klhk xl~k j obbf`n dt`jfgjs~- ^k`|

ajo`n ~k` aj~ s lm gtbm~ bg ~k` `jok tsbm s j~`n- ^k`m Jmhà jsf`n Njtaj! $Ij| x` eblm |bp

ils~t`ss2$

$Bg obpts` |bp ij| hltas! htjd j s`j~ jmn `meb| |bptsàw`s- \bp db~k fmbx |bp mb~

obbflmh ~bmlhk~! nbm(~ |bp2$

$Mb x` nlnm(~ ils~t`ss- Nb |bp mb~ alf` bpt obbflmh2$ Jmhà sjln xl~k j sjn gjo`

j`jtlmh bm db~k bg ~k` hltas-

$Mb- Nbm(~ |bp ~xb gt`~- L(i obbflmh ~bmlhk~ jmn eps~ gbt bmo` mb kà lm ~k` fl~ok`m b~k`t

~kjm ij|d` j dl~ bg xjsklmh p jg~`t nlmm`t- L ji lm~`mnlmh ~b nb ibs~ bg ~k` t` xjsklmh p

d`gbt` x` `j~! ~b hlw` |bp db~k |bp! Jmh a!$ Njtaj sjln abbflmh j~ Jmh a- $Jmn |bp Njil` a-$

Njtaj ~ptm k`t hju` ~b Njil`à- $J dt`jf- L ji mb~ ~k` bma| bm` bm kbalnj| k`t`! |bp ~xb jt` js

xàa-$

$^kjmf |bp ils~t`ss!$ db~k Jmhà jmn Njil`à sjln slipa~jm`bpsa|-

$Jmn jmb~k`t ~klmh! ntb ~k` ils~t`ss! |`s |bp ~xb ij| kjw` bmo` d``m i| sajw`s! dp~

mbx L ~klmf |bp ~xb jt` ibt` ~kjm ~kj~ ~b i` jmn lg L“i mb~ ils~jf`m ~b `w`t|bm` às` js xàa!$

sk` sjln xklas~ silalmh j~ db~k _jmntj jmn Mlds-

$L ~klmf sb!$ Mlds t`sbmn`n-

$Jmn sb nb L!$ t`sbmn`n _jmntj jmn Sjpa js k` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` kbps` ojtt|lmh j hajssbg bejm eplo`-

$Ij| L jssls~ |bp lm t`jtlmh nlmm`t ~kls `w`mlmh Njtaj2$ sk` jsf`n



430

$^kjmf |bp Mlds- L~ xbpan d` j a`jspt` ~b kjw` |bp jssls~ i`-$

Jdbp~ ~x`m~| ilmp~`s aj~`t db~k ^lmj jmn Jds s~pof ~k`t` k`jns bp~ bg ~k` kbps` jmn

abbf`n js lg ~k`| xk`t` s~laa kjag jsa``- $X` jt` ajmmlmh bm hblmh gbt j xjaf d`gbt` dt`jfgjs~-

Jm| bg |bp xjm~ ~b eblm ps-$

$L(aa eblm |bp!$ tàl`n _jmntj! $L m``n j xjaf ~b s`~~a` ~k` ajth` dt`jfgjs~ L(w` eps~

glmlsk`n-$

Db~k Jmhà jmn Njil`à x`m~ ~b s~jmn! dp~ d`gbt` ~k`| obpan Njtaj sjln! $Mb |bp ~xb

s~j| p~- \bp nbm(~ ilmn t`jtlmh dt`jfgjs~ xk`m |bp h`~ djof nb |bp ^lmj! Jds-$

$Mb! l~“s mb tbdaì-$ ~k`| db~k tàl`n-

Jds! ^lmj jmn _jmntj nlsj`jt`n a`jwlmh Mlds! Njtaj! Sjpa xkb ibw`n gtbi s~jmnlmh

eps~ d klmn kls sls~`t ~b ~k` okjlt sk` kjn wjoj~`n! Jmhà jmn Njil` a sl~~lmh lm ~k` xjtm

ibtmlmh spm-

J skbt~ ~li` aj~`t Hjt| j`jt`n jmn eblm`n ~k` htbp bm ~k` w`tjmnj- ‑Xk`t` jt` ~k`

hltas2 Mb bgg`mo` Mlds!’ jsf`n Hjt|-

‑Bp~ kjwlmh j xjaf jtbpmn ~k` aboja jt`j!’ tàl`n Njtaj-

‑Jtk! bf!’ sjln Hjt|-

‑Kjs jm|bm` ~kbphk~ jdbp~ jnnlmh jmb~k`t m`x iìd`t ~b ~k` Wl{`ms2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

‑Mb!’ tàl`n Njtaj-

‑Xkb nln |bp kjw` lm ilmn Sjpa2’ jsf`n Hjt|-‑Ji|! gtbi bw`t ~k` tbjn ~b Kbi`djs`!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa-

Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s bg ~kbphk~! Mlds sjln! ‑L“w` okj~~`n ~b k`t! bm j bm` ~b bm` j obpa`

bg nj|s jhb! L ~klmf sk`“s sbpmn! dp~ tììd`t Sjpa! sk`“s mb~ gtbi ~k` xbtan bg hjmhs! hjmh

wlba`mo`! hpms! jmn spok2’

‑L fmbx! dp~ x` kjn slilajt jt`k`mslbms xk`m _jmntj dtbphk~ p jsflmh |bp ~b eblm

ps!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑~b xklok Hjt|! lg L tììd`t tlhk~! oji` p xl~k slilajt jthpi`m~s jhjlms~

jsflmh |bp-’‑L nln! jmn L ji w`t| kj| ~kj~ L xjs xtbmh!’ sjln Hjt|-

_k` ~bbf j sl gtbi k`t op bg obgg``! xklok xjs h`~~lmh j dl~ oban! sb sk` hb~ p jmn jsf!

‑Jm|bm` gbt ibt` obgg``2’

‑\`jk i`!’ sjln Hjt|-

‑Jmn i`!’ sjln Sjpa jg~`t abbflmh lm kls op-

_k` nlsj`jt`n jmn jg~`t bptlmh bp~ ~k` ajs~ bg ~k` obgg`` gtbi ~k` `tobaj~bt jmn

t`glaalmh l~! sk` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` htbp-

‑L ~klmf l~ xbpan d` j hbbn ln`j!’ sjln Njtaj- ‑L xlaa tbdjda| mb~ d` jtbpmn lm j obpa` bg

|`jts! jmn jaa bg |bp ab~ jt` :8! :; |`jt bans! `w`m Jmhà jmn Njil`à jt` bma| 43-’



‑Mbx ~kj~“s ~tp` Njtaj! jmn l~ xlaa d` j sjn nj| xk`m |bp t`~lt` gtbi jo~lw` obidj~!’ sjln

Sjpa- ‑\bp kjw` d``m jm `{oàa`m~ hpln` bm ~k` xj| ~k` Wl{`ms kjw` htbxm-’

‑Jmn sbbm l~ xlaa d` ~li` gbt ~k` s~pn`m~s ~b dòbi` ~k` ~`jok`ts!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj! ‑jmn

L ~klmf ~k` d`s~ ~`jok`t ls sj~ j~ ~kls ~jda` tlhk~ mbx-’ Njtaj xjs abbflmh j~ k`t xklok sk` lof`n

p bm-

‛Xkj~ nb`s sk` fmbx!“ sk` ~kbphk~- ‛ Nb`s sk` fmbx ~klmhs L nbm“~ jdbp~ i -“

%%%%%

^k` ~kt`` hltas x`m~ bp~ jmn ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` ibpm~jlms jmn xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` gbt`s~

bm j j~k- ^k` gbt`s~ spttbpmnlmh ~k` j~k xjs mb~ js ~klof js ~k` ijlm gbt`s~ jmn a`~ zpl~` j ab~

bg alhk~ ~ktbphk ~k` ~t`` ojmb|- ^kls nln i`jm ~kj~ ~k` htbpmn xjs al~~`t`n xl~k dtjida`s!

g`tms! jmn b~k`t gbt`s~ htbpmn ajm~s! _jmntj xkb xjs a`jnlmh ~k` hltas! s~b`n jg~`t j xkla`

jmn blm~`n jk`jn j~ ~k` j~k! bm l~ xjs j obpa` bg sijaa tjddl~s xklok kjn s~b`n jmn x`t`

abbflmh jtbpmn ~k`m spnn`ma| ~k`| nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` pmn`thtbx~k- Jaa ~kt`` bg ~k` hltas

sila`n jmn obm~lmp`n xjaflmh jabmh ~k` j~k! xklok obm~lmp`n p j salhk~ lmoalm`! pm~la ~k` j~k

`{l~`n ~k` gbt`s~ lm~b jm b`m jt`j bm ~k` `nh` bg ~k` oalgg js l~ ~ptm`n gtbi hblmh Mbt~k @js~ ~b

hblmh lm j ibt` mbt~k`ta| nltò~lbm-

^k` ~kt`` bg ~kì eps~ s~b`n! s~bbn jmn abbf`n bp~ gtbi ~k` wl`xblm~- ^k` wl`xblm~

bw`t abbf`n ~k` Abx Djof Ibpm~jlms xklok xk`t` obw`t`n gbt jdbp~ kjag ~k`lt k`lhk~ lm gbt`s~!

jmn ~k` ~bs bg sbi` bg ~k` klhk`t ibpm~jlms xk`t` smbx oj`n-

$\bp fmbx sbi`~klmh- ^kls ls j d`jp~lgpa ajo` Njtaj kjs k`t`!$ sjln ^lmj js ~k` hltas

s~bbn jmn abbf`n bp~ bw`t ~k` wl`x blm~-

_`~ djof j al~~a` xj| xjs j ~tpmf bg j ~t`` aj|lmh bm ~k` htbpmn gjolmh ~k` wl`xblm~ eps~

lm gtbm~ xjs jm jt`j ~kj~ xjs dajof`m`n jmn ~k` jt`j kjn sbi` s~bm`s spttbpmnlmh l~! lmnloj~lmh

~kj~ ~k` jt`j xjs ps`n js j glt` l~-

$L ips~ dtlmh Mlds k`t` d`gbt` x` hb! sk` ls hblmh ~b abw` l~!$ _jmntj sjln js k`t gjo` xjs

bm` bg ht`j~ kjlm`ss-

Jds jmn ^lmj xjaf`n p ~b ~k` abh jmn sj~ nbxm! Jds obm~lmp`n ~k` ~kbphk~ ~kj~ xjs

hblmh ~ktbphk jaa ~k` hltas“ ilmns! $L xlsk Njtaj kjn ~ban ps jdbp~ l~ sbbm`t- Js L ~klmf l~ xbpan

kjw` dòbi` bpt t`~t`j~ gtbi ~k` kò~lo alg` x` jaa a`jn lm ~k` ol~|-$

$\`jk L fmbx l~ xbpan kjw` d``m mlo` ~b fmbx! dp~ x` fmbx mbx jmn ~kj~“s xkj~ ls

libt~jm~!$ obm~lmp`n ^lmj-

$W`t| ~tp` l~ ls!$ glmlsk`n Jds-Jg~`t sl~~lmh j~ ~k` wl`x blm~ gbt ~k` ~li` l~ ~bbf ~b sibf` j l`- ^k` hltas obm~lmp`n

~k`lt xjaf jmn t`~ptm`n jg~`t ?3 ilmp~`s ~b ~k` kbps`- Xk`m ~k` hltas t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` kbps` ~k`|



438

gbpmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hp|s xk`t` p jmn db~k Mlds jmn Njtaj xk`t` lm ~k` fl~ok`m obbflmh j

hbbn k`jt~| dt`jfgjs~ gbt ~k` hp|s xkb kjn mb~ `j~`m dt`jfgjs~-

%%%%%

Js Jds jmn ^lmj xjaf`n p ~k` s~`s ~b ~k` fl~ok`m! ~k`| db~k jsf`n! ‑Ls ~k`t` jm|~klmh

x` ojm nb2’

^k` fl~ok`m xjs ibn`tm xl~k jm ban xbtan j`jtjmo`- L~ ps`n mj~ptja xbbn gbt ~k` ~bs

jmn jaa ~k` nbbts ~b ~k` opdbjtns nbm` lm j slilajt xj| js xjs ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` kbps` j njtf

wjtmlsk`n lm` bm jaa gbpt sln`s xk`t` abmh xbtflmh sptgjo`s xl~k ~k` s~jlts p aboj~`n lm ~k`

sbp~k `js~ obtm`t m`jt ~k` ijlm gtbm~ nbbt- Ibs~ bg ~k` opdbjtns xklok xk`t` aboj~`n db~k

pmn`t jmn bw`t ~k` xbtflmh ~bs! xk`t` glaa`n xl~k h`m`tja spal`s jmn gbbn- Jabmh ~k` Mbt~k

X`s~ xjaa xjs jm b`m glt` ajo` xk`t` j sijaa glt` xjs dptmlmh pmn`t j ajth` dajof`m`n b~

jmn lmsln` l~ xjs xj~`t xklok xjs s~`jilmh- M`{~ ~b ~k` glt` xjs j sl{ tlmh kbd! jmn pmn`t ~k`

kbd xjs j gpaa bw`m- ^k` bma| ijebt l`o` bg fl~ok`m `zpli`m~ ilsslmh xjs j ilotbxjw`-

Pmn`t ~k` ijlm xlmnbx xjs j nbpda` slmf jmn `{~`mnlmh gtbi db~k sln`s xk`t` ntjlmlmh

sptgjo`s- ^b ~k` tlhk~ bg ~k` slmfs xk`t` j obpa` bg b`m gtbm~ opdbjtns xl~k aj~`s jmn ops

s~jof`n m`j~a|- Jdbw` ~k` aj~` opdbjtn xjs j tjof ~kj~ obm~jlm`n fmlw`s! gbtfs! sbbms jmn

b~k`t fl~ok`m `zpli`m~ p~`mslas-‑Mb~ j~ ~k` ibi`m~!’ sjln Njtaj xkb xjs s~jmnlmh bw`t ~k` obbf`t-

Mlds ~ptm`n jmn a`m~ bw`t ~k` d`mok jmn sjln ~b _jmntj! ‑Nln |bp `meb| |bpt xjaf kpm2’

Jds jmn ^lmj db~k ~ptm`n jmn gbaabx`n _jmntj xkb kjn t`al`n ~b k`t zp`s~lbm d| sj|lmh!

‑\`s L nln!’ jmn sk` xjs x`jtlmh ~k` sila` sk` abw`n- _jmntj xjaf`n bp~ ~b ~k` w`tjmnj xk`t`

`w`t|bm` abbf`n kj| jmn ibs~ x`t` sl~~lmh `j~lmh dt`jfgjs~ bt ntlmflmh-

W`t| sbbm jg~`txjtns db~k Njtaj jmn Mlds xjaf`n bp~ bm~b ~k` w`tjmnj ojtt|lmh jmb~k`t

op bg obgg``- Njtaj xjs ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k ~xb aj~`s! la`n klhk xl~k j obbf`n dt`jfgjs~ bg jobpa` bg sjpsjh`s! `hh! j obpa` bg tjsk`ts bg djobm! d`jms! jmn gtl`n ~bnj~s- Njtaj p~ ~k` ~xb

aj~`s lm gtbm~ bm ^lmj jmn Jds-

Xk`m dt`jfgjs~ xjs glmlsk`n! l~ xjs jtbpmn ::lsk! db~k ^lmj jmn Jds wbapm~``t`n ~b nb

~k` xjsklmh p jmn oa`jt`n jxj| jaa ~k` aj~`s jmn ops- J skbt~ xkla` aj~`t xklas~ ~k` ^lmj jmn

Jds x`t` obia`~lmh ~k` xjsklmh p ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hp|s xjmn`t`n lm gtbi ~k` w`tjmnj jmn sj~

lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi s~laa okj~~lmh jdbp~ hjmhs! xbtan jmn h`m`tja s~pgg- Jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k`

oa`jmlmh lm ~k` fl~ok`m ^lmj jmn Jds eblm`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gtl`mns lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi-

Njtaj s~bbn p! jmn sjln! $Mbx ls ~k` ~li` gbt |bp jaa ~b s`` ~k` t`jsbm xk| L lmwl~`n |bp

k`t` ~kls x``f`mn!$ sk` jps`n jmn ~k`m obm~lmp`n! $Xbpan |bp jaa a`js` gbaabx i`-$



_k` a`jn ~kì ~b ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` djsì`m~! sk` lms`t~`n ~k` f`| lm~b ~k` abof jmn ~ptm`n l~-

^k` abof pmabof`n xl~k j oapmf jmn sk` paa`n ~k` nbbt b`m jmn alf` ~k`| nln bm ~k` glts~ ~li`

Njtaj kjn s``m ~k` jssjh`xj| ~k` alhk~s ~kj~ tjm nbxm ~k` o`lalmh sxl~ok`n ~kìsàw`s bm jmn

laapilm`n ~k` nbxm sab` jssjh`xj|- ^k` jssjh`xj| xjs glg~``m gbb~ jotbss jmn jdbp~ glg~|

gbb~ abmh jmn js `w`t|bm` lm kpsk`n sla`mo` gbaabx`n Njtaj nbxm ~k` jssjh` xj| sk` xjaf`n

lm ~b j tbbi xklok alhk~`n lm j slilajt xj| js ~k` jssjh` xjs j ajth` tbbi jdbp~ :;3 ~b :<3

g``~ abmh d| jdbp~ :03 g``~ bm ~k` mbt~k sbp~k j{ls! ~k` sbp~k xjaa kjn `lhk~ klhk xlmnbxs ~kj~

a`~ lm j hbbn jibpm~ bg alhk~-

^k` slhk~ `w`t|bm` sjx xjs jm jtibpt| gpaa bg x`jbms! ~òkmbabh|! `zpli`m~! jtibpt!

jmn b~k`t ~klmhs _~t``~ Hkbs~s xjm~`n ~b f`` ~kì jalw`- Jaibs~ `w`t|bm` k`jn`n bgg gbt ~k`

x`jbms jlsa`s! dp~ Mlds k`jn`n gbt ~k` `zpli`m~ skàw`s- Js sk` xjaf`n ~k` a`mh~k bg ~k`

skàw`s! sk` abbf`n jmn sjx `zpli`m~ sk` obpan bma| nt`ji bg- _k` tììd`t`n k`jtlmh

tpibpts bg Jojnì| ^òk d`lmh s~j~` bg ~k` jt~ `zpli`m~ lm jaa jt`js bg _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtf-

_k` abbf`n bm lm xbmn`ti`m~ js sk` jss`n j D`~j htjn` A`wà ? ~jth`~lmh jmn lmgbtij~lbm tlh-

Njtaj xjaf`n bw`t ~b k`t jmn sjln! ‑\bp“t` lm k`jw`m L ojm s``-’

^kls obii`m~ gtbi sbi`bm` dtbphk~ k`t bp~ bg ~k` ~tjmo`! ‑Xjs- L xjs lm k`jw`m- Mbx L

ji djof lm t`jal~|- Mbx L xjm~ ~b fmbx xkj~ ~k` jtibpt j~ ~k` djof bg ~k` tbbi ls-’ _k`

k`jn`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` jtibpt- Njtaj xjs js lm~tlhp`n js l~ abbf`n alf` s~t``~ jtibpt

ibs~ bg ~k` obs xbt` xk`m lm ~jo~loja ja`t~s-

Xk`m sk` jttlw`n j~ xk`t` ~k` jtibpt xjs s~bt`n! alf` `w`t|~klmh às` l~ xjs ajdàa`n

‛Dajof Alhk~ _~t``~ Jssjpa~ Jtibpt“! ‑Gòf i`! dajof alhk~*’

‑Xkj~ ls dajof alhk~2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑^k` tpibpts bm DajofM`~ obmo`tmlmh xkj~ Dajof Alhk~ ls! ls l~“s j obj~lmh ~kj~ jaabxs

~k` x`jt`t ~b al~`tj~a| nlsj`jt gtbi jaa jt~lglolja i`~kbns bg wl`xlmh! lmoapnlmh ~k`tib~lo-!’

sk` tàl`n-

‑Gòf i`- Xk`t`“s ~k` a`~~`t L hb~ xk`m L xjs ~ban jdbp~ i| lmk`tl~jmo`!’ sjln Njtaj! jmn

sk` s~jt~`n ~b okòf k`t bof`~s- ‑L tììd`t xk`t` l~ ls mbx!’ jmn sk` nlsj`jt`n p ~k`

obttlnbt a`jnlmh ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi-

_jmntj xjmn`t`n bw`t ojtt|lmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` jm IJ4>3- ‑Xkj~“s ~kj~ kpm! jm

IJ4>32’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb! IJ473 Spas` tlga` xl~k pmn`t sapmh ?3ii ht`mjn` ajpmok`t- Spi Jo~lbm xl~k >

ht`mjn`s-’

‑Hlw“i`!’ sk` sjln-

‑\`jk mb tbdaì! ~k`t`“s jmb~k`t 0 bm ~k` jssjpa~ x`jbm tjofs- Xkj~“s ~k` jtibpt2’jsf`n _jmntj-

‑L~ sj|s dajof alhk~! dp~ L jaxj|s ~kbphk~ dajof alhk~ xjs s~laa lm ~k` w`t| `jta| T'N



X`jbms Oabs` jssjpa~ skb~hpm-

‑O`t~jlma|- Xk| ~kjmf |bp Hjt|!’ Njtaj t`sbmn`n! jmn ~k`m skbp~`n! $^`ji! X`jbms

t`jn|-$ _k` ~k`m jps`n salhk~a| js `w`t|bm` t`jn| ~k` x`jbms! $J~ ~k` b`m sf| lm gtbm~ ~jf`

jli!$ jmb~k`t jps`- ^k` ajs~ obiijmn sk` lssp`n xjs! $Gltlmh alm`! TBOF JMN

TBBBBAAAAA-$ Bm ~kls obiijmn ~k` `m~lt` alm` eps~ paa`n ~k` ~tlhh`ts jmn ~k` obidlm`n

sbpmn xjs n`jg`mlmh dp~ ~k` sila`s sjln l~ jaa- Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns bg gltlmh ~k` alm` s~b`n jmn

`w`t|bm` eps~ ajphk`n bp~ abpn-

Js `w`t|bm` zpl`~`m`n nbxm jg~`t ajphklmh! Mlds alg~`n ~k` 473 ~b k`t kls! k`t ~kpid

sàò~`n ~k` gpaa jp~b)ibn`! sk` ~k`m paa`n ~k` ~tlhh`t aj~` jmn j g`x sòbmns aj~`t ~k` 473

ijhjulm` xjs ì~|- _jmntj xkb xjs s~bbn m`{~ ~b Mlds! alg~`n k`t 473 jmn pas`n glt`n pm~la

~k` :33 tbpmns ~k` 473 ojttl`n gbt `jok djttà xjs ì~|-

Jmhà xjs abbflmh bp~ lm~b ~k` jt`j bg sjo` k`t skb~hpm xjs gltlmh lm~b! Mlds abbf`n j~

k`t jmn Jmhà abbf`n alf` j nì`bmn- Jmhà xjs ip~~`tlmh sbi`~klmh pmn`t k`t dt`j~k! sk`

ojphk~ j dl~ bg l~! ‑_b Okl~)~jt m`hb~lj~` xl~k ~k` xbts~ `wla!’ ~k`m ~k` ajphk~`t bg Hjt| js k`

ì~l`n kls skb~hpm tplm`n xkj~ sk` xjs k`jtlmh-

^lmj nbxm ~k` `mn bg ~k` alm` kjnm“~ tà`js`n ~k` ~tlhh`t bm k`t Oba~jmjt slmo` ~k` btn`t ~b

b`m glt` xjs hlw`m- ^k` `mn bg ~k` djttà xjs habxlmh j npaa btjmh` js ~k` ~xb kpmnt`n tbpmn

db{ ijhjulm` xjs `{kjps~ n jmn l~ s~b`n gltlmh- ^lmj skbp~ n j~ ~k` ~b bg k`t apmhs! ‑I\

GTL@MN_ X@ JT@ HBN_ LM ^K@ XBTAN BG HJMH_-

‑A@^ JAA XKB GJO@ P_ GJO@ P_ G@JT P_!’ skbp~`n Jds js sk` glt`n ~k` ajs~

tbpmn lm k`t ~x`m~| tbpmn ijhjulm`-

‑A@^ ^K@ OBTSBTJ^@ XBTAN G@JT P_!’ Mlds sjln-

‑J_ X@ GLHK^ GBT GT@@NBI!’ sjln Njtaj ~b glmlsk-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn ojai`n nbxm jg~`t ~k` klhk! sk` sjln xl~k jm `wla halm~ lm k`t `|`s

jmn j n`wla“s sila` bm k`t als! ‑Xl~k ~kls ~òk L sj| a`~“s p~ l~ ~b ps`- Xkj~ ~|` bg xbtfskb ls

l~ lm ~k` hjtjh`! Njtaj2’ sk` jsf`n

‑L ~klmf l~“s j h`m`tja! dp~ l~ kjs jaa ~k` mò`ssjt| h`jt gbt j djslo àò~tbmlos jmn ilotb

àò~tbmlos ajd L ~klmf-’

^k` hp|s ~k`m xjaf`n lm ~b ~k` ijlm kbps` jmn sj~ bm ~k` s`j~lmh-

‑J~ ajs~ sbi`bm` xl~k j ilotbàò~tbmlos ajd!’ sk` sjln xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn sj~ nbxm-

‑Xk| kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑L“w` d``m xjm~lmh ~b ibnlg| ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ~b ps` jaa ~k` okjmmàs! tj~k`t

~kjm eps~ bm`-’

‑\bp ~jaflmh jdbp~ ~k` tjnlbs2’ jsf`n ^lmj-‑\`jk! L“i ~jaflmh jdbp~ litbwlmh ~kì!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Kbx2’ jsf`n ^lmj-



4::

‑^k` hjtjh` kjs jm àò~tbmlo jmn Njtaj ~klmfs j ilotb àò~tbmlos xbtfskb-’

‑Kàa |`jk!’ sjln ^lmj sjln jmn ibw`n oabs`t ~b k`t ~b nlsopss ~k` b~lbms gbt ibnlg|lmh

~k` Obiipmloj~lbm _|s~ì-

‑Lg l~ ls j ilotb àò~tbmlos ~k`m L ojm jnn okls ~b ~k` oltopl~ dbjtn ~b jaabx wblo`

jo~lwj~lbm jmn obm~tba!’ sk` sjln-

‑Kbx! |bp m``n ~b d` jda` ~b xtl~` TBI okls gbt ~kj~!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑L fmbx |bp nb! i| ~jda`~ kjs j tbhtji ~kj~ gtbi xkj~ L ojm s`` nb`s `{jo~a| ~kj~! jmn

lmoapn`n xjs ~k` sbg~xjt` gbt `{jo~a| xkj~ x` m``n j obia`~` wblo` obm~tba s|s~ì gbt

obiipmloj~bt! nbxm ~b `tsbm ~b `tsbm sotjida`n wblo` jmn nj~j-’

‑Bk! mlo`! |`jk `{jo~a| xkj~ x` m``n! L jasb sjx ilotb oji`tjs ~kj~ ~tjmsil~ alw` lijh`s

djof ~b j o`m~tja obm~tba o m~t` jmn j~ a`js~ gbpt s~j~lbmjt| obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs! xl~k sòpt`

sotjida`n nlhl~ja jmn L ~klmf bm` kjn ajs`t obii- b~lbms js xàa!’ sjln ^lmj xkb sila`n-

_k` mb~lo`n ~kj~ sk` kjn j haju`n `{t`sslbm jdbp~ k`t `|`s-

Jmhà jmn Njil`à s~bbn p jmn jsf`n `w`t|bm`! ‑Ntlmfs2’

Ibs~ bg ~k` htbp mbnn`n! ‛|`s“ jmsx`ts-

‑L xbpan abw` ~b fmbx xk`t` Njtaj jmn k`t gjila| hb~ ~kls s~pgg gtbi!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑L~“s jm Jojnì| dj~~a` s~bt`!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑\bp sj| ~kj~ alf` L skbpan fmbx xkj~ l~ i`jms! tììd`t |bp“w` d``m hkbs~lmh gbt j ab~

abmh`t ~kjm L kjw`-’‑^tp`! bf- ^k` ~jaf bm ~k` gbtpi dbjtns ls ~kj~ ~k` Jojnì| ls j ~tjlmlmh! t`s`jtok jmn

n`slhm o`m~t` gbt ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtan! l~ ~tjlms àl~` hkbs~s- L~ jasb t`s`jtok`s ~òkmbabh| gbt

~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtan ~b ps` ~b s~j| jalw` jmn ~b obia`~` ~k`lt ilsslbms- _bi` t`bt~s sj| ~kj~

@okb ^òkmbabhl`s s`~ ~k` jojnì| bw`t ?0 |`jts jhb ~b obpm~`t ~k` htbxlmh ~kt`j~ bg _òptl~|

Obiijmn j slilajt s~|a` bg ajo` dp~ l~ ~tjlms `ba` ~b xbtf lm ~k` glàn bg obtbtj~` sòptl~|

jmn slilajt- _ò Obi tàj| bm s~j~` bg ~k` jt~ o|d`tm`~los jmn dtjlmxjsklmh! Jojnì| `ba`

tà| bm ~òkmbabh| jmn ~k` lm~pl~lw`m`ss bg ~k` kpijms-‑Kjw` |bp abbf`n lm ~k` `zpli`m~ skàw`s! j ab~ bg l~ ls Jojnì| ~òkmbabh|- Ibs~ bg

~k` x`jbms abbf @okb ^òk bt _ls~`t Obijm| tàj~`n-’

%%%%%

Lm b~k`t obmw`tsj~lbms- _jmntj sjln ~b Sjpa! ‑Jaa ~kls ~òkmbabh| jmn mb xj| bg h`~~lmh l~

djof ~b ~k` ol~| bt Kbi`djs 2’

‑\`s ~k`| ls!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑L“aa h`~ i| gjila|“s ajx|`t ~b ptokjs` j obpa` bg wjms jmn

x` ~k`m hb jmn lof ~kì p gtbi ~k` ol~|! jmn hj~k`t p ~k` s~pgg x` m``n gtbi ~k` ol~| jmn



dtlmh l~ k`t` jmn dplan bpt s aw`s sbi` obidj~ wjms!’

‑\`jk! x` obpan! dp~ l~ xbpan i`jm j ab~ bg kjtn xbtf gbt ps! `sòljaa| i` js L ji ~k`

bma| `tsbm k`t` xkb ojm xàn!’ sjln Jds-

‑\`jk ~tp`! dp~ L xjsm“~ ~klmflmh bg f``lmh l~ ~b bptsàw`s! Ils~| jmn k`t ot`x skbpan d`

jaabx`n ~b ps` ~k` h`jt js xàa! ~k`| jt` js ipok j jt~ bg ~kls tjln bm Mjtluujm js x` jt`!’ sjln

Njtaj! ‑jmn L fmbx Ils~| ojm xàn! jmn L ~klmf tbdjda| bm` ibt` `tsbm obpan nb l~ js xàa-’

Jmhà jmn Njil`à s~bbn jmn jsf`n! ‑Ntlmfs2’

Ibs~ bg ~k` htbp sj~ xl~k ~kì mbnn`n ~k`lt k`jns- Sjpa sjln! ‑\`jk ~kjmfs-’

‑Bf! jmn nln L k`jt |bp tlhk~ |bp kjw` j obia`~` xbtfskb jmn hjtjh` k`t` js xàa!’

sjln Jds-

‑\`jk! l~“s j hbbn ~`m gbb~ oa`jtjmo` jmn ~k`t` ls j ajth` ojmb| db{ pmn`t ~k` fl~ok`m

xlmnbxs ~kj~ `{~`mns bp~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k` nbbts-’

‑Jmn ~k` jmha` jmn `{~`mn bg ~k` `w`s kà j ab~ lm f``lmh ~k` tjlm bgg xbtf`ts- _ln`

xjaas2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj-

Mlds jmn ^lmj db~k hb~ p jmn sjln ~b Njtaj! ‑Ls ~k` hjtjh` b`m2’

‑\`s!’ tàl`n Njtaj-

‑^kjmfs!’ ~k`| db~k sjln jmn nlsj`jt`n ~bxjtns ~k` gtbm~ nbbt-

Jds ibw`n ~b gbaabx ~k` ~xb sj|lmh js sk` x`m~! ‑L ~klmf L“aa eblm |bp ~xb! kjmh bm-’

Mlds! Jds jmn ^lmj k`jn n bp~ bg ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn ~tl`n ~k` hjtjh` nbbts! xklok b`m`n

~b t`w`ja j ajth` `{jms` bg xbtf sjo` ~k` aj|bp~ gbaabx`n ~k` tbphk aj|bp~ bg ~k` fl~ok`m jmn

alwlmh tbbi! xl~k ~k` jt`j pmn`t ~k` alwlmh tbbi nbxm j g`x s~`s js ~k` gabbt xjs j hbbn gbpt

g``~ abx`t ~kjm bp~sln` htbpmn sptgjo`- Jds abbf`n lm jmn sjx j iòkjmlos k`jw`m! jaa ~k` ~bbas

sk` xbpan m``n ~b ops~bilu` dlf`s jmn b~k`t w`kloa`s ~b sòlglo sòlgloj~lbms-

Mlds sjx ~kj~ jmn xkj~ xjs d`|bmn! nbxm `lhk~ s~`s xjs ~k` t s~ bg ~k` xbtfskb! ~b

`mn obip~`ts jotbss ~k` dbjtn! ~xb nlhl~ja tbeò~bts bm` gjolmh ~k` `js~ jmn ~k` b~k`t gjolmh

~k` mbt~k xjaa! jtbpmn ~k` `nh`s jmn d`m`j~k ~k` xlmnbx! ~kj~ jaibs~ tjm ~k` a`mh~k bg ~k` sbp~k

xjaa! xjs klhk ~òk jmja|~loja jmn sol`m~lglo `zpli`m~! ilotbokl ot`j~lbm `zpli`m~! `à jmn

t`s`ja `zpli`m~ gbt ijflmh jmn ibnlg|lmh tlm~`n oltopl~ dbjtns! jm _ojmmlmh @aò~tbm

Ilotbsob` jmn mpi`tbps b~k`t lò`s bg sol`m~lglo `zpli`m~- ^k` ~kt`` abmh sol`mo` tbbi

s~|a` n`sfs lm ~k` ilnna` sj~ bm hajss sot``m`n opdbjtns obm~jlmlmh d`jf`ts! gajsfs! jmn b~k`t

`zpli`m~ jmn spal`s gbt okìls~t| jmn tàj~`n k|sloja sol`mo`s-

‑L“i lm k`jw`m!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑L m`w`t ~kbphk~ L xbpan d` jda` ~b kjw` joo`ss ~b ~kls ~|` bg sol`m~lglo `zpli`m~-’

‑Xkj~2’ sk` sjln-



4:?

‑Nptlmh i| |`jts j~ sokbba mbt~k bg ~k` tlw`t! L gbpmn ~kj~ L t`jaa| `{oàa`n j~ okìls~t|!

jmn dlbabh|- L kjn ~k` nls~lmo~lbm bg d`lmh ~k` |bpmh`s~ pla ~b kjw` obia`~` :33 joo`ss ~b

~k` sol`mo` ajds! jg~`t sokbba! d| |`jt ;- Hlw` i` j okìloja gbtipaj jmn L“aa d` jda` ~b xbtf

bp~ kbx ~b ijf` l~ sjgà|!’ sjln ^lmj lm tà|-

Bm ~k` `js~ xjaa j~ ~k` obtm`t m`jt`s~ ~k` xlmnbxs xjs j nbbt! sk` b`m`n l~ jmn

xjmn`t`n p ~k` jssjh`xj| js l~ x`m~ p! l~ a`wàa`n bp~ j~ jdbp~ xk`t` sk` ~kbphk~ ~k` alwlmh

tbbi gabbt xjs- _k` b`tj~`n ~k` nbbt kjmna` jmn ~k` nbbt b`m`n lmxjtns jmn xjs aboj~`n

m`{~ ~b ~k` nbbt a`jnlmh ~b ~k` djsì`m~-

‑Xkj~ ~k` kàa! xk`t` nln |bp obi` gtbi kpm!’ _jmntj sjln xk`m sk` kjn xjaf`n

~ktbphk j nbbt ~kj~ kjnm“~ d``m ~k`t` :3 sòbmns d`gbt`-

‑^k` hjtjh` jmn xbtfskbs! x` kjw` j obia`~` sol`mo`! àò~tbmlos! ilotbàò~tbmlos

jmn j obia`~` iòkjmlo“s xbtfskbs! jmn jaa ~k` ~òkmbabh| ls ~b bg ~k` tjmh` s~pgg lg mb~

sbi` `{`tli`m~ja js xàa-’

‑Kàa! bk ijm- X` xk`t` eps~ ~jaflmh jdbp~ kbx ojm ~kls `zpli`m~ d` ps`n ~b kà ps lm

bpt hkbs~ jmn hjmh b`tj~lbms!’ sjln Hjt|-

‑L xbpan sj| x` m``n sbi` sòljals~ ajth` wjm slu`n ~tjmsbt~ bt ~tjmsbt~s! ~k` h`jt jmn

spal`s ~b ibnlg| sjln w`kloa`s! jmn ~k` ijm bx`t ~b jo~pjaa| obia`~` ~k` xbtf!’ sk` sjln-

^k` ~xlms xjaf`n djof gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m ojtt|lmh j obpa` bg ~tj|s bm xklok x`t` ops

obm~jlmlmh `jok iìd`t gjwbptl~` ntlmfs-‑Tlhk~ L ~klmf Mlds kjs eps~ jmsx`t`n ~k` zp`s~lbm!’ t`sbmn`n Hjt|-

‑Xkj~ ~|`s bg wjm |bp ~klmflmh jdbp~ Mlds2’ jsf`n Njtaj-

‑^kt`` ij|d` gbpt mbm)n`sotl~ abmh xk`à djs` klhk ~b`n ~tjmsl~ s~|a` wjms t`jaa|!

mb~klmh ~kj~ gjmo|!’ Mlds sjln-

‑Bf jsspilmh x` ojm h`~ ~kì kbx nb x` h`~ ~kì k`t` jmn tììd`t L“w` hb~ ~k` glts~

aj|bgg hji` bm ~k` _jwtjnj| jmn x` nln sj| x` xbpan k a j~ ~kj~ g`s~lwja gtbi ~k` Ibtb~k!’

‑^k` wjms xbm“~ d` ~b kjtn ~b h`~ js L sjx j sòbmn kjmn ojt ajo` lm ~bxm sàalmh xkj~x` xjm~`n bt x` ojm dp| ~k`m lm ~k` ol~| gbt ok`j`t dp~ ~k`m h`~~lmh ~kì k`t` ls kjtn!’ sjln

Sjpa-

‑Mb l~“s mb~ L“i jdbp~ ~b tlmh Ils~| jmn k`t htbp jmn lmwl~` ~kì k`t`! L ~klmf x` skbpan

s~jt~ ~b xbtf bp~ ~k` tjln tb`t jmn mb~ eps~ sl~ jtbpmn okj~~lmh jdbp~ l~!’ sjln Njtaj-

_k` lof`n p k`t op jmn ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg ~k` _lo`n Okjl Aj~~` jmn sila`n j~ ~k`

^xlms xkb eps~ sila`n djof kj| js `w`t| l~ s`ì`n-

‑Jmn L“w` hb~ ~b hb djof jm|xj|! L m``n i| ~jda`~! l~“s hb~ j tbhtji L m``n k`t` ~b

phtjn` bpt obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì!’ sk` sjln! ‑_b h`~ ~k` wjms L“aa k`jn djof ~b ~k` ol~|

~bibttbx ibtmlmh xl~k j als~ bg ~klmhs x` m``n ~b h`~! i``~ Ils~| jmn k`t htbp jmn ~k`m



obmwb| djof xl~k ~k` wjms-’

Db~k Jds jmn ^lmj j`jt`n lm gtbi ~k` obmo`ja`n nbbt! jmn oji` bw`t jmn sj~ nbxm jmn

s~jt~`n ~b n`slhm ~k` obidj~ wjms xl~k `w`t|bm` às`-

D| ~k` `mn bg ~k` `w`mlmh ~kt`` wjms kjn d``m n`slhm`n jmn j als~ bg ~k` ~klmhs kjn d``m

hb~~`m t`jn|- Hjt| kjn a`g~ gbt ~k` tjo~lo` j~ jdbp~ >lsk jmn xbpan ntlw` bm` bg ~k` wjms djof

~bibttbx- Njtaj kjn tpmh k`t ajx|`t xkb kjn hbm` bp~ ~kj~ jg~`tmbbm jmn ptokjs`n ~kt``

wjms- K` ~k`m kjn ~kì jaa ibw`n d| ~k` n`ja`ts ~b j sòlglo ojt jtf ~b jxjl~ obaaò~lbm lm ~k`

ibtmlmh- K` jasb btn`t`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ij~`tljas ~kj~ xbpan d` ps`n ~b obms~tpo~ ~k` wjms- L~

xjs jaa np` ~b d` obaaò~`n gtbi ~k` wjtlbps gjdtloj~bts-

Mlds sjln k t hbbn mlhk~s j~ jdbp~ ::lsk js sk` xjs g`àlmh ~lt`n jmn xbpan d` nblmh j ab~

bg ntlwlmh ~k` m`{~ nj|-

%%%%%



4:0

Okj~`t :;

^k` m`{~ ibtmlmh j~ jdbp~ 8lsk! Mlds“ SNP jajti x`m~ bgg- _k` a`m~ bw`t jmn ~bbf ~k`

dapm~ sk` kjn ijn` ~k` t`wlbps mlhk~! xklok xjs aj|lmh lm ~k` jsk~tj| bm ~k` d`n sln` ~jda` jmnal~ l~ jmn sk` ~bbf j obpa` bg ~jf`s gtbi l~- Jg~`t `{àalmh ~k` xjs~` gtbi k`t sòbmn ~jf` sk`

hb~ p jmn k`jn`n ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi ~b xjsk! skjw` jmn nb j djslo ijf`p ebd! js sk` t`jaa|

nbm“~ m``n ipok bm- Js gbt ibs~ bg ~k` nj| sk` xjs hblmh ~b d` `l~k`t ntlwlmh gtbi i`~ja

gjdtloj~bt ~b i`~ja gjdtloj~bt! bt àò~tbmlos skb ~b àò~tbmlos skb-

Jdbp~ 38-?3lsk sk` xjaf`n djof ~b k`t d`ntbbi jmn p~ bm k`t a`j~k`t ~tbps`ts jmn j ~)

sklt~ s~|a` ~b- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n gbt ~k` djsì`m~ xk`t` sk` x`m~ s~tjlhk~ ~b xk`t` ~k` dajof

alhk~ jtibpt xjs jmn ~bbf bm` bg ~k` ojs`s6 sk` b`m`n l~ jmn okòf`n ~k` obm~`m~s! xklok

lmoapn`n bm` bp~`t hjti`m~ jmn jaa <? o`tjilo aj~`s- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m xk`t`

sk` ~bbf sbi` dt`jn jmn p~ l~ lm~b ~k` ~bjs~`t- Xklas~ l~ ~bjs~`n sk` xjs xjl~lmh gbt ~k` f`~~a` ~b

dbla sb sk` obpan h`~ jm lms~jm~ obgg`` tj~k`t ~kjm i`sslmh jtbpmn xl~k ~k` òpaj~bt- ‛_jmntj

ips~ kjw` kjn j hbbn mlhk~ js L nlnm“~ k`jt k`t obi` ~b d`n jg~`t L x`m~ ~b sa``!“ sk` ~kbphk~-

_k` ~|`n j zplof ~`{~ i`ssjh`! hlwlmh k`t @^Js j~ ajo`s! ~b Ils~| jmn s`m~ l~- Jdbp~

glw` ilmp~`s aj~`t sk` tò`lw`n ~k` tà| gtbi Ils~|! sj|lmh! sk` kjn tò`lw`n l~ jmn xbpan i``~

k`t j~ k`t sòbmn s~b xklok xjs xk`t` ~k` wjms x`t` jtf`n-

_k` a`g~ ~k` kbps` j~ jdbp~ 8->0DM jmn k`jn`n gbt Gbt`s~ _ob` ~b t`gpà d`gbt` k`jnlmh

~bxjtns _ptjdjm-

%%%%%

3<5:0

_k` xjaf`n p ~k` s~`s bg ~k` kbps` jmn b`m`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! sk` sjx j obpa` bg l~ìs

bg bs~ bm ~k` gabbt! bm` xjs ~k` àò~tlo dlaa! xklok Mlds p~ bm ~k` sln` gbt n`jalmh xl~k xk`m

~k`| hb~ djof- ^k` b~k`t a`~~`t kjn j kjmnxtl~~`m `mwàb` jmn xjs jnnt`ss`n ~b ~k` Dl~ok

Wl{`ms! Hjmhtà pml~! jmn ~k`m ~k` jnnt`ss bg Kbi`djs`- _k` sal`n l~ lm~b ~k` bof`~ bm ~k`

sln` bg ~k` Tpofsjof sk` htjdd`n gtbi k`t tbbi sk` ~k`m sxl~ok`n bgg ~k` aj~b jmn ~jda`~-

Xk`m ~k`| kjn glmlsk`n sxl~oklmh ~kì sàw`s bgg sk` saln ~kì lm~b ~k`lt tb~ò~lw` djhs jmn

~k`m lm~b ~k` tpofsjof! sk` jasb htjdd`n j obpa` bg ~k` NN nlsfs ~b djof sbi` ~klmhs p ~b-

_k` jasb nph bp~ bg k`t b~k`t tpofsjof k`t Nlhl~ja Iìbt| Saj|`t! xk`t` sk` f`~ :43kbpts bg

k`t gjwbptl~` ipslo ~tjofs jmn >3kbpts bg k`t gjwbptl~` ipslo wln`bs- Xk`m sk` kjn hj~k`t`n

jaa ~k` ~klmhs sk` m``n`n sk` pmoal`n ~k` db{ gtbi ~k` jss`mh`t“s s`j~ jmn ~bbf l~ lmsln` ~k`

kbps`- _k` tìbw`n k`t oab~k`s jmn xlhha`n lm~b ~k` dajof alhk~ bp~`t hjti`m~ jmn ~k`m d| j



tbo`ss bg àlilmj~lbm! jmn ~k` gjo~ ~k` aj~`s eps~ nlnm“~ saln` lm~b jm| b~k`t sab~- _k` lms`t~ n

~k` obttò~ o`tjilo aj~` lm~b `jok bof`~- @jok ~li` sk` oabs`n ~k` ~b bg ~k` bof`~ l~ s`ji`n

~b ià~ lm~b ~k` jtibpt ij~`tlja l~sàg- Xk`m sk` kjn glmlsk`n ~k` ~li` xjs 3<5>3 sk` kjn ~b

a`jw` ~k`m bt às` sk` ij| ilss ~k` hp| xl~k ~k` f`|s- Xk`m sk` hb~ p jmn p~ k`t ~tbps`ts!

~b jmn ejof`~ djof bm l~ gà~ js l~ sk` obw`t`n d| j aj|`t bg xj~`t! dp~ sk` nlnm“~ g`à x`~-

K`t m`{~ s~b xjs ~k` ojt)jtf m`jt Ils~|“s xk`t` ~k` ajx|`t sjln k` xbpan i``~ k`t- K`

xjs hblmh ~b d` ~k`t` j~ :3lsk- L~ xjs jaibs~ 3<5>3 xklok hjw` k`t jdbp~ 43 ilmp~`s ~b h`~

~k`t`- _k` ~kbphk~ OX<! ~k`m bgg j~ epmo~lbm :0! l~ xjs jm `jsl`t tbp~`! djt jm| balo` kban)ps!

b~k`txls` l~ xjs bgg j~ :8-

Js sk` xjs ntlwlmh k`tsàg ~b ~k` ojt jtf sk` t`jalu`n xkj~ sk` kjn d``m g`àlmh ~k`

aj~`s ips~ d` mjm|~` ~òkmbabh| dabbn| jnwjmo`n mjm|~` ~òkmbabh|- _k` fm`x! ‛ Mjm|~`

~òkmbabh| ls s~laa lm l~s `jta| s~jh`s- L~ i`jm~ ~kj~ jaa ~k` tpibpt sk` kjn k`jtn jdbp~ ~k`

jojnì| d`lmh 40 ~b ?3|`jts ibt` jnwjmo`n ~kjm ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ajm`~! xjs tbdjda| ~tp`- “

%%%%%

_k` jttlw`n j~ ~k` ojt jtf j~ 3<50; sk` sjx Ils~| jmn ~k` hltas xjl~lmh j al~~a` nls~jmo`

jxj| gtbi xk`t` ~k` ~kt`` wjms x`t` jtf`n- _k` sjx ~k` ajx|`t s~jmnlmh d`sln` ~k` dap`

~tjmsl~ jmn sabxa| ntbw` ~bxjtns kli- Js sk` jtbjok`n! ~k` h`m~ s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns

k`t- _k` s~b`n jmn oalid`n bgg! pmnblmh k`t ejof`~ sb k` obpan s`` k`t ls~ba jmn ~k`m ijn`

spt` k`t kjmns xk`t` bdwlbps ~b kli-

Xk`m ~k` h`m~ xjs oabs` `mbphk k` jsf`n! ‑Mldbaj Oja~bm2’

‑\`s ~kj~“s i`!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Ojm |bp ~àa i` x`t` Is Njtaj Htjkji ls a`js`2’ jsf`n ~k` h`m~-

‑_k` ls optt`m~a| s~j|lmh j~ k`t aj~` gjila|“s gbt`s~ t`~t`j~ lm ~k` Abx Djof Gbb~klaas!’ sk`

tàl`n-

‑^kjmf |bp! jmn ij| L sj| |bp fmbx ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtan L t`sò~ |bpt jo~lbms ~kls

nj|! k`t` jt` ~k` f`|s gbt ~k` ~kt`` wjms! L skjaa a`jw` |bp ~b ~kì jmn kb` ~kj~ i| obijm| ls

jda` ~b obmnpo~ dpslm`ss gbt |bp j~ sbi` ~li` lm ~k` gp~pt`-’ K` sjln jmn kjmn`n bw`t ~kt`` s`~s

bg f`|s jmn j dpslm`ss ojtn! xklok t`jn! Htj|sbm Ajx|`ts A~n-

K` ~k`m eps~ xjaf`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg j ojt xklok xjs s~bbn d`sln` ~k` `{l~6 sk` ~k`m

~bbf bp~ k`t SNP jmn tjmh Ils~| bm l~! sj|lmh xk`m l~ obmmò~`n! ‑Kl! l~s Mlds! L kjw` ~k`

f`|s-’ _k` nlsobmmò~`n ~k` kbm` jmn xjl~`n gbt ~k` htbp ~b jttlw`-

J obpa` bg ilmp~`“s aj~`t ~kt`` dlf`s jtbjok`n gtbi ~k` b~k`t `mn bg ~k` ojt)jtf-Xk`m ~k` dlf`s kjn jttlw`n jaa glw` hltas hb~ bgg jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns k`t-

Htù~ jsf`n k`t! ‑Xk`t`“s Hjt|2’



4:8

‑Nbm“~ fmbx ~kls ls ~k` bma| ~li`n jblm~i`m~ x` kjw` ~bnj|-’

Jg~`t jdbp~ glg~``m ilmp~`s Hjt| ~ptm`n p- Xk`m k` kjn oalid`n bgg! k` sjln! ‑Kl! sbtt|

gbt d`lmh aj~` ~k` ~tjgglo bw`t ~k` X`s~ Nbofs Jtok Dtlnh` xjs j~ j s~jmn s~laa-’

‑Bf a`~“s h`~ ibwlmh ~k`m! L“w` hb~ `w`t|~klmh x` m``n gtbi kbi` djs` lm ~k` tpofsjof

jmn ojs`-’ Mlds kjmn`n bp~ ~k` ~kt`` s`~s bg f`|s ~b Hjt|! D`` jmn Tjokà! `w`t|bm` kà`n

abjn Hjt|“s dlf` lm~b ~k` djof bg ~k` dap` wjm- Xk`m l~ xjs lm jmn sòpt`n- Ils~|! Htù~!

Jmhàlzp` jmn k`t a`n ~k` ~kt`` wjms nbxm ~k` 7 gabbts ~b ~k` htbpmn gabbt- ^k` glts~ s~b gbt ~k`

htbp xjs bm` bg ~k` ~xb s~`à gjdtloj~bts-

%%%%%

^k` lofp gtbi db~k ~k` s~`à gjdtloj~bts x`m~ alf` oabofxbtf- @jok bm` kjn jaa ~k`

~klmhs ~kj~ kjn d``m jsf`n gbt! ~k` s~`à aj~`s! tbpmn djt! ~k` szpjt` djt! jmn ~k` ij~`tljas jmn

spal`s gbt ~k` B{| ~btok jmn xàn`t! t`jn| ~b d` abjn`n lm~b ~k` djof bg ~k` wjms- ^k`

àò~tbmlos skbs x`t` jasb w`t| kàgpa! db~k bg ~kì kjn t`jt`n ~k` btn`ts d`gbt` ~k`| kjn

`w`m ~ptm`n p jmn ~k` bm` bg ~k` skb s~jgg `w`m kà`n Hjt| jmn Mlds abjn ~k` ptokjs`s lm~b

~k` wjm-

^k` m`{~ s~b xjs ~b ntb bgg Hjt|“s dlf` j~ kbi` js aj~`t bm lm ~k` x``f h`~~lmh ~k` wjms

djof gtbi Njtaj“s xbpan d` j tbdaì lg Hjt| kjn kls dlf` p ~k`t` js xàa- Mlds kjn jat jn|jht``n ~b a`mn Hjt| k`t dlf` gbt ~k` ij~ok bm _jwtjnj|-

%%%%%

Hjt| jmn Mlds i`~ p xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp j~ ~k` ~tpof s~b xk`t` `w`t|bm` glaa`n

~k`lt gpà ~jmfs! jmn k`jn`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` Abx Djof ibpm~jlms-

Hjt| sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑Lg |bp hltas xjm~ ~b h`~ bm jmn s``n p! Lnbm“~ ~klmf Htù~ bt D`` t`jaa| ilmn! nb |bp2’

‑Mb!’ db~k bg ~kì tàl`n-

‑Bf! ~kjmfs Hjt|-’ ^k` gbpt dlf`s jooà`tj~`n jxj| gtbi ~k` wjms! k` obm~lmp`n xk`m

~k` dlf`s kjn hbm`! ‑L~ xlaa ~jf` j obpa` bg kbpts j~ ~kls s``n! dp~ xkb ojt`s-’ K` a`m~ bw`t

jmn nph kls Nlhl~ja _~btjh` `m bp~ jmn aphh`n l~ lm~b ~k` tjnlb jmn sxl~ok`n l~ bm- Xk`m ~k`

ipslo s~jt~`n ~k` ebptm`| nlnm“~ db~k`t kli-

%%%%%



Xk`m ~k` wjms jttlw`n j~ ~k` kbps`! Jds! ^lmj jmn sk` x`t` jaa xjl~lmh gbt ~k` ~kt`` wjms

~b jttlw` sb ~k`| obpan pmabjn ~k` àò~tbmlos jmn spal`s s~tjlhk~ lm~b ~k` xbtfskbs- Ils~|

jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hltas x`t` lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi okj~~lmh jmn ajmmlmh ~k` tjln jmn glmjalslmh ~k`

ajms gbt ~k` wjms-

Xk`m Htù~ kjn jtf`n p jmn oalid`n bp~ sk` k`jn`n lm~b ~k` kbps` ~b sj| kl ~b

`w`t|bm`! jasb ~b h`~ j ntlmf- D`` x`m~ s~tjlhk~ lm~b ~k` xbtfskbs jmn s~jt~`n ~b kà pmabjn

~k` spal`s- _k` jasb ijn` spt` `w`t|~klmh xjs ~ln| jmn kjn j kbi` gbpmn- ^k`| jasb s~jt~`n

~b ijf` jm lmw`m~bt| bg jaa ~k` l~ìs lm ~k` hjtjh` jmn ~k` s~pgg ~k`| kjn dtbphk~- _jmntj jmn

^lmj kjn ibw`n sbi` bg ~k` ibt` ps`gpa ~bbas gtbi ~k` jtibpt| lm~b ~k` ajds gbt `js| joo`ss!

jmn jasb ~`s~lmh ~k` s|s~ìs-

Jdbp~ 7lsk! ~kj~ `w`mlmh! `w`t|~klmh xjs jxj| jmn `w`t|bm` hj~k`t`n bm ~k` W`tjmnj

xk`t` Ils~| jmn Njtaj obbf`n jm `{oàa`m~ djtd`zp`-

%%%%%

Bm ^btdjt Mlds xbf` p `jta| jmn nòln`n ~b ~jf` j xjaf jabmh ~k` oalgg `nh`-

_k` xjaf`n m`jt ~k` oalgg `nh` pm~la ~k` gbt`s~ ~klmm`n jmn b`m`n lm~b ~k` sijaa oa`jtlmh

xklok abbf`n bp~ bw`t ~k` ~bs bg ~k` ~t``s lm ~k` wjaa`| ~kj~ s~t`~ok`n gtbi lmsln` ~k`

ibpm~jlms ~b js gjt js ~k` `|` obpan s``- _k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx ~k` glt` l~ jmn abh jmn

xjaf`n ~b ~k` abh ~b sl~ nbxm jmn abbf bp~ bw`t ~k` so`m`- _k` abbf`n bp~ sbp~k! k`t `|`s

sojmm`n ~k` ijm| ibpm~jlms ~kj~ xk`t` wlslda`! ibs~ kjn j obw`tlmh bg gbt`s~ pm~la j~ a`js~ kjag

xj| p ~k`lt sln`s! sbi` kjn ~k` ajs~ w`s~lh`s bg smbx gtbi ajs~ xlm~`t“s dlh gt`ù`! ~kls jt`j

kjn- W`t| sbbm sk` k`jtn j ~xlh otjof jmn ~k`m ~k` tps~a` bg a`jw`s jmn ~k` xbtn! ‑Njim-’

‑Ls ~kj~ |bp kpm2’ sk` ojaa`n bp~-

‑L~ ls djd`!’ oji` ~k` tà| oabsà| gbaabx`n d| _jmntj- ‑L xjs ~t|lmh ~b sm`jf p bm |bp

jmn spttls` |bp-’

_k` eps~ sila`n jmn xk`m _jmntj xjs d`sln` k`t! opnna`n k`t- _k` xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt!

‑L xlaa jaxj|s glmn |bp _jmntj! lg |bp nlsj`jt`n bt xk`t` flnmj`n! L xbpan ibw` k`jw`m

jmn kàa ~b glmn |bp jmn t`sop` |bp- \bp fmbx ~kj~ nbm“~ |bp-’

‑\`s L nb jmn L xbpan nb ~k` sji` gbt |bp lg ~k` ~jda`s xk`t` ~ptm`n-’

^k`| db~k sila`n jmn xk`m ~k`lt ibp~ks i`~! sk` s~tbf`n k`t ~bmhp` jabmh ~k` als bg

_jmntj xkbs` ibp~k b`m`n jmn ~k`lt ~bmhp`s aj|`n kln` jmn sm`jf d`~x``m `jok b~k`t“s

ibp~ks- Xk`m ~k`| dtbf` ~k`| db~k eps~ sj~ jmn abbf`n bp~ bg ~k` oa`jtlmh-

‑Xkj~ jt` |bpt ajms gbt ~k` nj| djd`2’ jsf`n _jmntj-‑^k` m`{~ g`x nj|s xbtflmh bm ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! jsspilmh L kjw` `w`t|~klmh L

m``n! l~ skbpan ~jf` i` jdbp~ jm kbpt ~b xtl~` 7 okls! jmn ~k`m jmb~k`t kbpt ~b gl{ jmn obj~



4:<

~kì-’

‑L fmbx Jds ls hblmh ~b m``n j ab~ bg kà ~bnj|! xl~k ~k` ibnlgloj~lbms gbt ~k` wjms- Nb

|bp fmbx xkj~ sk` ls ajmmlmh2’

‑\`jk L nb- \bp x`t` ~k`t` ~bb2

‑L fmbx!’ tàl`n _jmntj! ‑dp~ ~klmhs alf` xkj~“s m``n`n jmn ~k` ajmmlmh x`m~ xàa bw`t

i| k`jn-’

‑Bf- K`t`“s ~k` djslo ajm gbt ~k` w`kloa`s! ~k` dap` wjm ls hblmh ~b d` xk`t` x` f`` j

ab~ bg ~k` glt` bx`t jmn ~k` ibdla` obiijmn djs` xklok ls hblmh ~b alw` j~ kbi` djs`- ^k`

xkl~` bm` ls hblmh ~b d` jm `zpli`m~ jmn jiipml~lbm s~bt`! jmn alw` xl~k Ils~| jmn k`t

htbp- ^k` t`n bm` ls j sòbmn obiijmn w`kloa` jmn h`m`tja bgglo`- Db~k ~k` obiijmn

w`kloa`s jt` hblmh ~b kjw` j~ a`js~ ~xb s~j~lbms lm ~k` djof jmn bm` lm ~k` gtbm~! xl~k ~k` gtbm~

kjwlmh js ipok joo`ss js ojm d` tbwln`n d| ~k` alil~`n sjo`- L ~klmf Jds ls ajmmlmh bm

h`~~lmh js ipok nbm` d`gbt` ~k` x``f`mn jmn ~k`m glmlsklmh ~k` xbtf `l~k`t nptlmh bt jg~`t ~k`

g`s~lwja kjs glmlsk`n-’

‑Bf! a`~“s hb ~k`m!’ sjln _jmntj js sk` s~bbn p jmn ~ptm`n jmn bgg`t`n Mlds! k`t kjmn ~b

kà k`t p-

‑^kjmf |bp njtalmh!’ Mlds sjln xl~k j klm~ bg j ibof`t| bg jm p`t oajss wblo`-

‑Kjt kjt!’ sjln _jmntj! jmn ~k` ~xb bg ~kì xjaf`n djof kjmn lm kjmn! xk`m ~k`| hb~ ~b

~k` kbps` ~k`| gbpmn ^lmj jat`jn| p jmn eps~ xjaflmh nbxm ~k` gtbm~ s~`s- Bm ~k` xj| djof Mlds kjn lof`n p j mlo` dtjmok xklok sk` xbpan ps` ~b ijf` j nbbt s~b gbt ~k` xbtfskb

nbbt-

‑Kl |bp ~xb!’ sjln ^lmj js sk` jss`n ~kì-

‑Kl ^lmj!’ sk` sjln jmn s~jt~`n p ~k` s~`s ~bxjtns ~k` kbps`- Xk`m ~k`| hb~ lmsln` ~k`|

db~k ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m ~b l~k`t h ~ bt ~b ijf` j obgg``- ‑L~ abbfs alf` ^lmj hb~

k`t` glts~!’ sk` sjln xk`m sk` sjx ~k` òpaj~bt xjs jdbp~ ~xb ~kltns gpaa-

‑_b L hp`ss |bpt k`jnlmh ~b ~k` xbtfskb mbx2’ jsf`n _jmntj-‑Mb! L“i bm kbalnj|! jmn L lm~`mn ~b `meb| l~ js xàa js xbtflmh! aps ~k` xbtf L“i nblmh

lsm“~ ~kj~ kjtn jmn L kjw` ~k` tbhtji jmn obnlmh gbt ~k` okl jat`jn| xtl~~`m-’

Jg~`t obaaò~lmh ~k`lt obgg``s! ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` w`tjmnj! xk`t` D`` jmn Jmhàlzp`

xk`t` sl~~lmh-

Jg~`t s~`lmh gtbi ~k` kbps`! D`` ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn sjln! ‑Kl |bp ~xb-’

‑Kl D``! Jmhàlzp`!’ sjln _jmntj-

D`` kjn jm IJ473 tb`n p jhjlms~ k`t okjlt jmn Jmhàlzp` kjn jm KF4< Jssjpa~

tlga` kpmh gtbi ~k` djof bg k`t okjlt- Jmhàlzp` ~ptm`n jmn jsf`n! ‑Xk`t`“s |bpt x`jbms2’

‑Tlhk~ k`t`!’ sk` sjln blm~lmh ~b D`` jmn k`ts- ‑^klmf jdbp~ l~ nb x` m``n ~b ojtt|



jm|~klmh ibt` ~kjm j ls~ba xk`m sbi` bg ~k` `ba` k`t` jt` ojtt|lmh jssjpa~ x`jbms- _kbpan

jm|~klmh s~jt~ x` xlaa kjw` `mbphk ~li` ~b h`~ ~b ~k` djsì`m~ jmn h`~ bpts! jmn spttls` ~k`

jts` kba`s xk`m ~k`| h`~ nbpda` ~k` a`wà bg glt`bx`t spnn`ma|-’

‑^tp`!’ sjln D``-

‑L hp`ss |bpt k`jnlmh lm~b ajd ~bnj| ~k`m Mlds2’ sjln Jmhàlzp`-

‑\`jk! lm j dl~! L xlaa d` k`jnlmh ~kj~ xj|!’ sk` tàl`n! jmn pmsk`j~k`n k`t fmlg` jmn

s~jt~`n ~b xkl~~a` nbxm ~k` dtjmok sk` kjn gbpmn-

‑Xkj~“s ~kj~ gbt2’ jsf`n D``-

‑J nbbt s~b gbt ~k` nbbt ~b ~k` ajds!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Hbbn ln`j! l~ m``ns l~!’ sjln Jmhàlzp`-

D`` hb~ p jmn lof`n p k`t IJ473 jmn sjln ~b ~k` ~kt``! ‑L“i k`jnlmh gbt ~k`

xbtfskb ~b s~jt~ bm ~k` opdbjtns gbt ~k` O jmn O w`kloa`- L kb` Jds ls p sbbm js L m``n ~b

fmbx ~k` sòlgloj~lbms gbt ~k` db{`s-’ D`` nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` ijlm kbps`-

^k` ~kt`` bg ~kì eps~ sj~ bm ~k` w`tjmnj gbt j xkla` sbjflmh lm ~k` spm- Xk`m sk` kjn

glmlsk`n ~k` nbbt s~b sk` hb~ p jmn sjln! ‑Okj~ ~b |bp ~xb aj~`t-’

Xk`m sk` xjs lmsln` sk` k`jn`n ~b ~k` a`g~ kjmn sln` jmn s~jt~lmh d`sln` ~k` jtibpt|

nbbt sk` ~j`n ~k` `m~lt` xjaa sb sk` obpan aboj~` ~k` nbbt- _k` ~k`m gbpmn ~k` obmo`ja`n

kjmna` ~kj~ b`m`n l~! jmn b`m`n ~k` nbbt6 sk` ~k`m s~pof ~k` nbbt s~b lm ajo` ~b kban ~k`

nbbt b`m- _k` ~k`m xjaf`n nbxm lm~b ~k` ajd jmn xbtfskb jmn gbpmn ~kj~ ~xb bg ~k` djs`)

s~j~lbm pml~s kjn d``m s`~ p bm ~k` sln` t`jn| ~b ~`s~ ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì- ^lmj xjs sj~ j~

~k` obip~`t ojaldtj~lmh ~k` Nlhl~ja slhmja sb ~k` ~`jis Obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì obpan lof p

~k` djs`)s~j~lbm slhmjas-

‑Jtk! Mlds! ojm |bp kà k`t`! L“i ~t|lmh ~b ojaldtj~` ~k` djs` s~j~lbm ~b bpt

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì- ^k` obiipmloj~lbm obm~tba db{`s xbm“~ joo`~ ~k` nlhl~ja slhmja-’

‑Tlhk~! `w`t ~kbphk~ l~ ij| d` ~k` obiipmloj~lbm obm~tba db{`s ~kj~ jt`m“~ ojaldtj~`n

obttò~a| ~b ~k` djs` s~j~lbm!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Mb L kjnm“~ ~kbphk~ bg ~kj~-’ ^lmj ~k`m psk`n k`tsàg jabmh ~b xk`t` ~k` ~`s~

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì xjs s`~ p jmn lms`t~`n j sijaa sot`xntlw`t6 sk` ~bbf gtbi k`t bpok!

lm~b ~k` ojaldtj~lbm kba`- _k` ~ptm`n l~ j zpjt~`t ~ptm jmn k`jtn ~k` ~`s~ slhmja gtbi ~k` djs` pml~-

‑Hb~ ~k` ~`s~ slhmja mbx-’

‑Tlhk~! ~li` gbt ~k` t`ja ~`s~!’ sk` sjln! jmn ajo`n ~k` ilotbkbm` s|s~ì lm ajo` jmn

sjln! ‑Kl ^lmj-’

‑K`jtn ~kj~ Mlds!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj xk`m sk` k`jtn k`t wblo` bw`t ~k` `jt lò` sk` xjs

x`jtlmh- ‑Hbbn! Mbx L fmbx l~“s ~k` obiipmloj~lbm obm~tba db{`s-’_k` ajphk`n jmn xjaf`n bw`t ~b k`t tpofsjof jmn ~bbf bp~ ~k` ^jda`~ obip~`t jmn djs`

s~j~lbm! ajo`n l~ bm ~k` o`m~tja d`mok m`jt`s~ ~k` SOD oltopl~ xtl~`t jmn aphh`n lm ~k` bx`t-



44:

_k` ~k`m dbb~`n l~ p jmn tjm k`t ob| bg Klhk ^pObn`t- _k` ~k`m abjn`n ~k` Okl xtl~`t

tbhtji jmn ~k`m s`m~ ~k` m`{~ obpa` bg kbpts okòflmh ~k` obn` jmn ~k` nj~j gla`s! jg~`t

t`jnlmh ~ktbphk ~k` obn` sk` xjs kj| xl~k l~ jmn kl~ ~k` tpm f`|- ^k` Klhk ^pObn`t obila`t

tjm! obila`n ~k` tbhtji xklok ~k`m tjm jmn obila`n ~k` nj~j gla`s- L~ jsf`n ~b kjw` ~k` ojda`

~kj~ xbpan obmmò~ ~k` okl xtl~`t ~b ~k` obip~`t lms`t~`n! xklok sk` nln jmn xtb~` bm` okl

pslmh k`t wblo` j~~`tm gla`s gtbi bm` bg ~k` nlo~j~lbm tbhtjis sk` ps`n-

Xk`m ~k` obn` kjn d``m xtl~~`m Mlds pmaphh`n ~k` okl xtl~`t jmn ~bbf ~k` okl ~b bm`

bg ~k` sjt` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs jmn b`m`n l~- Lmsln` sk` sjx ~kj~ xk`m ^lmj kjn n`slhm`n

~k` s|s~ì- _k` kjn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ phtjn`s jmn kjn lms~jaa`n j dajmf okl kban`t bm ~b ~k`

oltopl~ dbjtn- _k` lms`t~`n ~k` okl jmn sxl~ok`n l~ bm- Js j jt~ bg ~k` ~`s~ obn` bm ~k` okl l~

kjn d``m tbhtjii`n ~b t`sbmn ~b ~k` tlijt| wblo` d| sj|lmh kl- Mlds sbf` lm~b ~k`

ilotbkbm` jmn als~`m`n ~b ~k` t`sbms` bw`t ~k` s`jf`t sk` kjn aphh`n lm! sk` k`jtn ~k`

xbtn kl ìl~~`n gtbi ~k` s`jf`t! jmn xk`m sk` k`jtn ~kj~ sk` sila`n js kjs` bm` kjn xbtf`n!

mbx ~b sbt~ bp~ ~k` obiijmn obn`s- _k` dbb~`n p ~k` m`jt`s~ obip~`t kblmh ~k`t` xbpan d`

jm lmw`m~bt| bg ~k` spal`s lm ~k` ajd-

Jds xjaf`n ~ktbphk jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` xbtfskb-

‑Ibtmlmh Jds!’ sk` sjln js sk` jss`n-

‑Bk! ibtmlmh Mlds! sbtt|! ila`s jxj|!’ t`sbmn`n Jds xl~k j s~jt~-

‑\`jk L hp`ss`n-’^k` obip~`ts kjn mb~ bma| jm lmw`m~bt| dp~ jasb kjn sbi` jnwjmo`n tbhtjis jmn

tbeò~s s~bt`n bm ~kì- ^k` jtoklw` ~kj~ ojphk~ k t `|` xjs ojaa`n ObiijmnStbo`ssbtObnlmh-

@{òpj~jda`Nj~jGla`! sk` nbpda`n oalof`n ~k` gla` xklok dtbphk~ p j als~ bg ~k` b~k`t gla`s

s~bt`n lm ~k` jtoklw`- _k` ~k`m kl~ ~k` `{~tjo~lbm dp~~bm jmn `{~tjo~`n ~k` jtoklw` ~b ~k`

obip~`t- Xk`m l~ xjs glmlsk`n sk` ~bbf j abbf j~ ~k` nj~j gla` obnlmh jmn t`jals`n ~kj~ ~k` gla`s

kjn ~k` jdlal~| ~b a`jtm xkj~ `jok obiijmn i`jm~ jmn xkj~ l~ skbpan nb- Mlds ~kbphk~!

‛ Sp~~lmh ~kls obnlmh bm ~b ~k` TBI okls ~b jo~lwj~` ~k` s|s~ì jmn ~k` obnlmh bm~b ~k` Stbo`ssbt l~ skbpan i`jm ~kj~ x` kjw` ~b~ja obm~tba bg ~k` s|s~ì- ^k` zp`s~lbm lsm“~ xk`~k`t bt

mb~ l~ xbtfs! l~“s xk`~k`t bt mb~ ~k` tbhtjis jt` obij~lda` xl~k bpt s|s~ì-“

Mlds s`m~ ~k` m`{~ ~kt`` kbpts hblmh ~ktbphk ~k` obnlmh jmn ~k` obii`m~s-

D| ~k` `mn bg ~k` ~kt`` kbpts Mlds ~kbphk~! ‛Xkb `w`t xtb~` ~kls fm`x xkj~ ~k`| x`t`

nblmh! jmn ~k`|“w` jasb gbaabx`n ~k` d`s~ tjo~lo` lm ~k` obii`m~lmh bg ~k` tbhtji-“

%%%%%

Js Jds xjaf`n lm~b ~k` xbtfskb! sk` sjx D`` kjn op~ ~kt`` bg ~k` sk``~s bg 0ii s~`à



44?

‑L nbm“~! L ~klmf Ht`~u ilhk~ ~kbphk!’ sk` tàl`n-

D`` k`jn`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` wjm jmn jsf`n k`t js Ht`~u oji` bp~-

‑Xkj~ jdbp~ ~k` jo~pja gtji` xbtf2’ jsf`n D`` js Ht`~u ojttl`n ~k` glts~ jmà djof ~b

~k` xbtf d`mok-

‑X`“aa kjw` ~b op~ lm~b ~k` gtji` xbtf jmn xàn l~ djof xk`m ~k` jtibpt`n s~`à kjs d``m

xàn`n lm~b ajo`-’ Jds tàl`n-

_k` ~bbf k`t obtna`ss jmha` htlmn`t jmn ijn` ~k` glts~ op~ bm ~k` opdbjtns- Jg~`t jaa ~k`

op~s kjn d``m glmlsk`n jmn sk` kjn bsl~lbm`n ~k` opdbjtn nln sk` s~jt~ ~b xàn ~k` aj~`s

~bh`~k`t-

Jtbpmn iln)jg~`tmbbm! ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` hp|s xjmn`t`n lm jmn jsf`n lg ~k`t` xjs jm|~klmh

~k`| obpan nb ~b kà! Jds kjn j abjn bg ebds t`jn| bg ~kì ~b nb- _jmntj xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ~òk

ajd tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` xbtfskb jmn jsf`n Mlds ~k` sji` zp`s~lbm-

’Bg obpts` ~k`| ls! ojm |bp hb ~b ~k` jtibpt| jmn obaaò~ jaa ~k` ~òkmbabh| ~kj~ |bp ~klmf

xbpan d` ps`gpa ~b ps xk`m bm b`tj~lbm!’ sk` sjln-

‑Jm|~klmh sòlglo2’

‑Mb! eps~ ps` |bpt obiibm s`ms`!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

Bw`t ~k` m`{~ g`x nj|s `w`t|bm` xjs lmwbaw`n lm ibnlg|lmh ~k` w`kloa`s jmn ~òkmbabh|-

%%%%%

Bm Gtbnjt `w`mlmh nptlmh ~k` xlmn nbxm! Hjt| hb~ p jmn sjln! ‑Tlhk~ hp|s L“i hblmh ~b

sj| d|` jmn s`` |bp ab~ bm Ibtb~k j~ ~k` g`s~lwja-’

‑Bk tlhk~ |bp k`jnlmh djof mbx ~k`m!’ sjln Ils~|-

‑\`jk! L kjw` j aj|bgg hji` L“i aj|lmh lm ~bibttbx `w`mlmh!’ sjln Hjt|-

‑D|` ~k`m! s`` |bp bm Ibtb~k ~k`m!’ `w`t|bm` sjln-

%%%%%

Jdbp~ :3lsk lm ~k` `w`mlmh _jmntj! Mlds! Sjpa! Jds jmn ^lmj xjmn`t`n bp~ bm~b ~k`

w`tjmnj jmn sj~ pmn`t ~k` s~jts abbflmh p jmn bp~ lm~b ~k` pmlw`ts` jdbw`- _jmntj sjln! zpl~`

bp~ bg ~k` dap`! ‑L xbmn`t xkj~ l~ ls alf` bp~ ~k`t`! lm ~k` pmlw`ts` L i`jm2’

‑J w`t| klabsbkloja zp`s~lbm gbt |bp kpm! ~kj~!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds-

‑L fmbx! sbi`~li`s L nb ~klmf jdbp~ ~klmhs ~kj~ lm~`t`s~ i`! L xbpan abw` ~b fmbx xkj~

FT[ ls ilmlmh bm ~k` sòbmn ibbm! jmn xkj~ @okb ^òk Lmo ls nblmh bm ~k` ~kt`` btdl~ja

aj~gbtis ~k`| kjw` lm btdl~ bg ~k` ajm`~!’ sk` sjln-



‑^kbs` ~klmhs jt`m“~ `js| ~b glmn bp~!’ sjln ^lmj-

Js ~k` obmw`tsj~lbm xjs kj`mlmh sk` obm~lmp`n ~b abbf p j~ ~k` s~jts xbmn`tlmh xkj~

xjs bp~ ~k`t`! d`|bmn ~k` sòbmn ibbm jmn ~k` oabs` btdl~- _k` kjn k`jtn sbi` `ba` sj| ~kj~

~k` hjaj{| xjs bw`t >-0 ilaalbm alhk~ |`jts jotbss! dp~ b~k`ts kjn sjln ~kj~ ~k` hjaj{| xjs bma|

~k` s|s~ì Njttj Wbm xjs lm-

‑\`jk! xàa! xkb ojt`s! js L kjw` jaa i| oabs`s~ gtl`mns jabmh jxj| gtbi `w`t|bm` às`! L

xjs ~klmflmh xkb“s p gbt j al~~a` kpm~lmh ~tl2’ _jmntj jsf`n-

‑\`jk!’ sjln Jds! ‑I`- L m``n j dt`jf! <0 bg ~k` xbtf ls nbm` eps~ ~k` al~~a` ~klmhs alf`

p~~lmh ~k` jm as djof jmn spok! jmn ~k` wjms jt` t ~~| ipok glmlsk`n-’

‑L kjw` n`glml~à| glmlsk`n ~k` xbtf bm ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì jmn l~ xbtfs alf` j

nt`ji!’ sjln Mlds xkb htjdd`n k`t kjmn jmn szp`ù`n l~-

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sjx k`t abbflmh bp~ bw`t ~k` gbt`s~ jmn ibpm~jlms! silalmh- K`t

`m~lt` gjo` xjs bm` bg pt` kjlm`ss-

‑Bk |`jk! xkj~ |bp nbm` ~b ~k` s|s~ì2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑^k` s|s~ì kjn gbpt okjmmàs L“w` ~jf`m ~k` ~kt`` sjt` bm`s jmn ijn` bm` j tlwj~`

okjmmà bt j h`m`tja jmmbpmoì`m~ okjmmà! ~k` b~k`t ~xb `l~k`t ~tjmsil~ j nj~j s~t`ji gtbi

jm| ~òkmbabh| x` ojtt| bt ~k`| ojm d` `{~tj obiipmloj~lbm okjmmàs- L“w` jasb jnn`n j

obia`~` wblo` jo~lwj~lbm jmn obm~tba s|s~ì ~b l~ jabmh xl~k j ojttl`t slhmja ~tjmsilsslbm! ~kj~

jaabxs ~k` b~k`ts ~b fmbx xkb“s bm jmn tò`lwlmh-’

‑Wblo` jo~lwj~lbm2’ jsf`n Jds sbpmnlmh spttls`n-

^lmj tàl`n! ‑^k` s|s~ì t`zplt`s ~kj~ `w`t|bm` kjs ~k`lt bxm obiipmloj~lbm db{ js l~

t`zplt`s j fmbxm wblo` ~b obm~tba l~! dp~ a`~s sj| |bp! Jds! xjm~`n ~b okj~ ~b i` bm j tlwj~`

ij~~`t! |bp xbpan sj| obiipmloj~` ^lmj `mn! jmn ~k` obiipmloj~lbm obm~tba db{ xbpan b`m

j tlwj~` okjmmà d`~x``m |bp jmn i`-’

‑Jtk! L h`~ |bp mbx! sb lg L xjm~ ~b okj~ ~b sj| Mlds! _jmntj jmn |bp! L xbpan sj|

Obiipmloj~` Mlds `mn!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

_k` abbf`n bw`t ~b xk`t` Sjpa xjs sl~~lmh jmn sjx k` xjs kj|! w`t| kj|-

‑Mb!’ Mlds sjln! ‑L“aa dtl`g `w`t|bm` bm Ibtb~k j~ ~k` g`s~lwja dp~ ~k` `mn obiijmn

glmlsk`n ~k` obiijmn! pslmh |bpt `{jia` |bp xbpan sj| obiipmloj~` Mlds! ^lmj! _jmntj `mn

jmn ~kj~ xbpan b`m ~k` okjmmà ~b ~k` ~kt`` bg ps jmn jasb b`m ~k` t`~ptm okjmmà! ~k` ojttl`t

slhmja ojttl`s j ab~ bg lmgbtij~lbm lm l~-’

‑Xkj~ jdbp~ ~k` nj~j okjmmàs ~kbphk2’ Jds jsf`n! ‑_btt| gbt jaa ~k`s` zp`s~lbms-’

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t b~k`t ~xb gtl`mns jmn sjx ~k` sji` kjlm`ss js sk` nln lm k`t abw`_jmntj-

‑Nbm“~ d`! l~ a`~s i` jmn ^lmj fmbx xkj~ ~k` htbp xlaa xjm~ ~b k`jt xk`m x` jt` hlwlmh



440

~k` dtl`glmh- ^k` nj~j okjmmàs! bm` ls n`nloj~`n ~b alw` wln`b g``n! jaa ~k` dajof alhk~ jtibpts

kjw` gl~~lmhs gbt j sijaa klhk n`glml~lbm oji`tj- @jok spl~ kjs ~xb ojs`s bm` ls ~k` jtibpt jmn

~k` b~k`t ls ~k` ~òkmbabh| b~lbms jwjlajda`! xklok lmoapn` jm `{~`tmja _ijt~ sob` KPP!

^k`tib jmn PW lijh` lm~`mslgl`ts! ~jth`~lmh sob`! gpaa djmn tjnlb obiipmloj~lbm jofjh`-’

‑Xk| jt`m“~ x` pslmh ~kbs` lms~`jn bg bpts!’ jsf`n Jds abbflmh w`t| spttls`n-

‑Sbsl~lbm Aboj~bts! jaa bg ~kì kjw` j bsl~lbm aboj~bt lmdpla~ jmn pm~la L fmbx gbt spt`

xkbs` tò`lwlmh ~k` nj~j L“i mb~ xlaalmh ~b ps` ~kì! l~ obitbils`s bpt lmn``mn`mo` ~b kjw`

sbi`bm` bp~sln` ~k` htbp fmbxlmh xk`t` x` jt`-’

‑Sp~ l~ ~kj~ xj|! L nb jht`` xl~k |bp-’

‑@w`t|~klmh às` ls kjtn xlt`n lm~b ~k` spl~ wlj ~k` k`jn dabof! ~k` kài`~ kjs jaa ~k`s`

gpmo~lbms js xàa! dp~ L fmbx gbt j gjo~ L kj~` x`jtlmh j kài`~! L nb ojps` L kjw` ~b- Bw`t ~k`

ajs~ obpa` bg nj|s L“w` dòbi` joops~bi`n ~b k`jtlmh ~k` xbtan jmn mj~pt`! tj~k`t ~kjm ~k`

ol~|! jmn x`jtlmh j kài`~ p~s j k|sloja djttl`t d`~x``m i` jmn ~k` xbtan!’ Mlds sjln-

‑^k` kpm~lmh ~tl ~bibttbx xkj~ skjaa x` nb! ps` ~k` dlf`s bt hb bm gbb~2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑L sj| a`~s hb `{abtlmh! ~k`t`“s kpmnt`ns bg gbb~j~ks sbi` slhmbs~`n sbi` mb~! bp~

~k`t`! a`~s hb `{abtlmh! i| SNP kjs j Sbsl~lbm Abof s|s~ì lm dpla~ jmn l~ tòbtns `jok abof

jp~bij~lojaa|-’

‑^k`t` |bp hb ~k` `tgò~ hpln`- Xkj~“s ~k` t`sba~l~lbm Mlds2’

‑J obpa` bg i`~`ts L ~klmf! l~ lsm“~ ipok ibt`! L s`m~ j ab~ bm ~k` SNP jmn ijn` spt`l~s kjn jaa ~k` phtjn`s jmn L f`` ~k` sbg~xjt` pnj~`n jp~bij~lojaa|- J m`x pnj~` obi`s

bmalm`! L h`~ l~-’

‑L“w` nbm` sbi` `{abtlmh bw`t ~k` ajs~ obpa` bg nj|s6 ~k` kp~ eps~ p ~k` xj| kjs ~`m

ibpm~jlm dlf`s lm! pmps`n!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑Jmn L“i d`~~lmh |bp xbm“~ d` jda` ~b dp| ~k`s` gbt

abw` mbt ibm`|-’

‑\`jk! sbi`xkj~!’ sk` sjln sbpmnlmh lm~`t`s~`n lm ~k` gjo~-

‑Jmn x` jaa x`jt gpaa Dajof Alhk~! js L ~klmf x`“n d`~~`t h`~ ps`n ~b l~! js L ~klmf x` xlaa d` x`jtlmh l~ j ab~ bw t ~k` m`{~ g`x x` fs-’

‑\`jk ibt` ~kjm alfà|!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑Xàa lg x` jt` hblmh dlf`)kpm~lmh ~k`m L ~klmf x` jaa

skbpan h`~ sbi` sa``-’

‑L jht`` ^lmj!’ sjln Jds jmn hb~ p xl~k ^lmj-

‑X`“aa obi` lm j dl~!’ Mlds sjln-

‑Bf! mb~ ~bb abmh ~kbphk!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Bf!’ Mlds sjln jmn jabmh xl~k _jmntj x`m~ djof ~b abbflmh bp~ lm~b ~k` mlhk~“s sf|- _k`

xbmn`t`n! ‛xkj~ ls bp~ ~k`t`! mb bm` obpan ~àa jm|bm` xkj~ aj| d`|bmn bpt bxm obm~tba! dp~

l~“s ~k` paa bg ~k` pmfmbxm ~kj~ ijf`s l~ jaa ~k` ibt` `{ol~lmh jmn sòlja lg |bp glmn sbi`~klmh



jijulmh-“ Jdbp~ ~`m ilmp~`s aj~`t db~k _jmntj jmn Mlds hb~ p jmn x`m~ lmsln`-



448

Okj~`t :<

38533DM _jwtjnj|

Mlds jmn _jmntj xbf` js Mlds“ SNP aj|`n ‛Abs~ N j~k Ijtf“ d| ^k` Gjaa`m Tjw`m- _kàlg~`n k`tsàg ~b k`t àdbxs jmn flss`n k`t jt~m`t! _jmntj! bm ~k` gbt`k`jn sj|lmh! ‑L abw` |bp

kpm-’

‑^k` g`àlmh ls t`~ptm`n!’ tàl`n _jmntj jmn sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~ bg ~k` d`n- _k` ~k`m

t`jok`n gbt k`t Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn al~ l~-

_k` ~k`m eblm`n _jmntj lm ~jflmh k`t Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn alhk~lmh l~ js xàa- _k` ~k`m

sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~ jmn jg~`t ~jflmh j ntjx bm l~! sk` htjdd`n k`t dj~k tbd` jmn p~ l~ bm- Jg~`t

~kls xjs bm sk` lof`n p k`t dbb~s jmn SNP! xklok x`m~ lm~b k`t Hjmhtà bpok- _k` ojttl`n

~kj~ jmn xjl~`n gbt _jmntj ~b eblm k`t-

_jmntj zplofa| eblm`n k`t js ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` jtibpt|- Js sk` jss`n ~k` nbbt gbt Jds

jmn ^lmj sk` fmbof`n bm l~ jmn b`m`n ~k` nbbt- _k` sjx ^lmj“s k`jn alg~ jmn sila`- _k` nln ~k`

sji` gbt Sjpa“s tbbi- ^k` jlt obm~lmp`n gbt ~k` Jtibpt| jmn glts~ k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m jmn

sxl~oklmh ~k` obgg`` `topaj~bt bm-

^k` jlt k`jn`n gbt ~k` jtibpt| jmn xk`t` ~k` Dajof Alhk~ x`t` s~bt`n- Pbm jttlwja

Mlds ~bbf gbpt bg ~k` ajth`t ojs`s nbxm jmn jss n bm` ~b _jmntj- _k` ajo`n ~k` b~k t ~kt`` bm

~k` htbpmn jmn t`~tl`w`n ~k` sijaa`t ojs`s ~kj~ jlt`n xl~k ~k` ajth`t ojs`s- ^k` ajs~ bm` sk`

~bbf bp~ sk` okòf`n ~k` mji` jmn gbpmn ls xjs k`ts- _k` mb~lo`n _jmntj xjs abbflmh j~ k`t

s~tjmhà| js lg ~b jsf ‛Xkj~ jt` |bp nblmh2“

‑L xbt` ~kls xk`m L x`m~ ~b h`~ ~k` wjms jmn L ~klmf l~“s d`~~`t ~kj~ x` `jok kjw` bp~ bxm

s`jtj~` spl~` tj~k`t ~kjm okjmhlmh spl~s!’ Mlds sjln js ^lmj! Jds jmn Sjpa j`jt`n- ‑Hbbn j

zplof dtl`glmh bm xkj~ L“w` gbpmn bp~ gtbi x`jtlmh j spl~ `jtal`t ~kls x``f- ^k` x`~)spl~

hjti`m~ kjs <? bof`~s lm jmn xlaa bma| joo`~ ~k` obttò~ lò`! mb b~k`t lò` xlaa sab~ lm~b

~kj~ bof`~- Jasb ajdà |bpt ojs`s! L“i mb~ spt` dp~ L nbm“~ ~klmf i| spl~ ls ~k` sji` slu` js l~

xjs xk`m L ~bbf l~ bp~ ~k` glts~ ~li`- Jasb |bp ojm“~ x`jt jm|~klmh ~kj~ li`n`s dbn| k`j~!

k`mo` i` mb~ x`jtlmh i| gbtis-’

^k` ~kt`` hltas! jmn Sjpa jabmh xl~k Mlds jaa b`m`n ~k`lt ojs`s jg~`t xtl~lmh ~k`lt mji`s

xl~k j `tijm~ ijtf`t- Gtbi lmsln` ~k` ojs` ~k`| jaa ~bbf ~k` bp~`t hjti`m~ jmn pm~l`n ~k`lt

nt`sslmh hbxms jmn sal`n ~k`lt a`hs lm~b ~k` ~tbps`t sò~lbm bg ~k` spl~-

Jds xjs ~k` glts~ ~b kjw` paa`n ~k` ~b bw`t k`t k`jn jmn ~pof`n lm ~k` bw`taj- _k`

lof`n p bm` bg ~k` ajth`t aj~`s jmn ~tl`n l~ lm ~k` tlhk~ dt`js~ bof ~ l~ jmn xk`m l~ nlnm“~

saln` lm sk` ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n j~ Mlds-



Mlds abbf`n djof j~ k`t jmn sjln! ‑Tììd`t xkj~ L sjln jdbp~ l o`s bma| hblmh lm~b

sòlglo bof`~s! l~“s j tbo`ss bg àlilmj~lbm ibt` ~kjm jm|~klmh-’

_k` mbnn`n js sk` tììd`t`n xkj~ Mlds kjn sjln `jtal`t jmn ~k`m ~tl`n l~ lm ~k` b~k`t

bof ~ jmn gbpmn l~ saln lm s~tjlhk~ jxj| xl~k mb t`sls~jmo`- _k` ~k`m s ja`n ~k` ~b jmn gbpmn

~kj~ ~k` jt`j xk`t` ~k` aj~` kjn d``m spnn`ma| dòji` j w`t| wlolbps il{ bg hjti`m~ jmn

sbi`~klmh às`- ‑Xkj~ ~k`| kàa*’ sk` `{oajli`n jmn xjs eblm`n d| _jmntj! ^lmj jmn Sjpa-

‑Gtbi xkj~ L xjs jda` ~b glmn bp~ gtbi ~k` obip~`ts lm ~k` ajd jt` ~kj~ ~k` aj~`s jt`

ijn` gtbi mjm|~`s! j hbbn gbt~| aps |`jts d`|bmn jm|~klmh x` kjw` mbx- ^k`| kjw` jm lmdpla~

s`msbt ~kj~ n`~ò~s gjs~ ibwlmh lmobilmh bdeò~s jmn ~k`| ~k`m abof ~bh`~k`t jmn gbti j s~lgg

jt`j jtbpmn ~k` sl~`- @{o`~ ~kls jt`j jasb kjs j dl~ bg hlw` lm l~- ^k` bm` spl~ bm nlsaj| xk`m

Njtaj skbx`n ps ~k` jtibpt| nlnm“~ kjw` ~k` mjm|~`s bx`t sbpto` xklok ls dbn| k`j~- L“i mb~

spt` xkj~ x`jbm ~k`| ojm n`g`mn jhjlms~! dp~ L d`~ l~“s hblmh ~b d` ibs~ bg ~bnj|“s s~t``~ glt`

jtis- L ~klmf j ab~ bg ~k` bm`“s k`t` jt` jnwjmo`n `mbphk ~b d` j ~kt`j~ ~b ~k` x`jt`t!’ Mlds sjln

js sk` sab~~`n ~k` ajs~ lò` jmn lof`n p bm` bg ~k` lò`s gbt _jmntj“s djof jmn s~jt~`n ~b

kà k`t h`~ sbt~`n-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` xjs sbt~`n sk` b`m`n ~k` ~òk db{ jmn xjs gbaabx`n d| `w`t|bm` às`!

sk` abbf`n j~ _jmntj xkb kjn j al~~a` sila` bm k`t gjo` js lg sk` xjs klnlmh sbi`~klmh- ‑Xkj~

|bp klnlmh kpm2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Bk mb~klmh `{o`~ mbx L dòbi` ~k` `{`t~- Xk`m |bp jmn ~k` b~k`ts x`t` dps| jmn

|bp nlnm“~ m``n i` L oji` nbxm k`t` jmn a`jtm~ jdbp~ ~k` ~òk bm ~k` jtibpt xbtf`n!’ tàl`n

_jmntj js sk` d`m~ nbxm jmn t`~tl`w`n ~k` gbt`s~ j~~`tm ojibpgajh` bp~`t- _k` p~ l~ bm jmn

~k`m xtj`n k`t p~lal~| dà~ jtibpt k`t xjls~- Bm ~b ~kls sk` lof`n p jmn oal`n j sijaa db{

xl~k j bx`t okjth`t kba` jmn ~xb sijaa l`s s~loflmh bp~- Lm~b ~k`s` sk` aphh`n ~xb ~pd`s

~kj~ abbf`n alf` ~k`| x`t` s`xm lm~b ~k` ojibpgajh` aj|`t xk`m sk` sxl~ok`n l~ bm j sijaa

nlsaj| j`jt`n jmn ~k` bw`t spl~ sktpmf ~b gl~ k`t dbn|- ‑J tlil~lw` `mwltbmi`m~ja s|s~ì!

xklok skbpan f`` |bp kb~ bt obba-’

‑^kj~ L“i mb~ sb spt` bm kpm- Bm Ibtb~k xk`m L xjs ibwlmh ~k` s~pgg jtbpmn L m`w`t

bmo` gà~ kb~! L ~klmf ~k` mjm|~`s n`ja j ab~ xl~k bpt dbn| bw`tk`j~lmh-’

‑^kj~“s njim ps`gpa!’ sjln Jds js sk` jasb sxl~ok`n ~k` `mwltbm db{ bm-

_k` sbbm eblm`n ~k` b~k`t gbpt! sk` ~k`m ~bbf nbxm j obia`~` alhk~ x`lhk~ x`ddlmh s`~

jmn b`m`n ~k` ijlm tpofsjof jmn ntb`n j sa``lmh djh lm jmn ~b ~k` db~~bi sk` gl{`n j d`n

tbaa- Lm~b ~k` ijlm sò~lbm sk` b`m`n jmn jof`n tb`ta| ~kt`` 4>kt bm` nj| gbbn jofs- ^k`

mldda`s jmn b~k`t `js| ~b `j~ l~ìs sk` ijn` spt` xjs lm ~k` bp~`t bof`~s! lm ~k` ijlm sò~lbmsk` ajo`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gbbn l~ìs! ~k` m`{~ l~ì xjs j obia`~` sptwlwja jof- _k` jasb

lof`n p j sijaa glts~ jln fl~ jmn sjx _jmntj kjn sab~~`n ~k` obia ~` glts~ jln jof lm ~b k`t



44<

tpofsjof-

‑L ~kbphk~ l~ d`~~`t lg bm` bg ps ojttl`s j obia`~` glts~ jln fl~ jmn js |bp eps~ sab~~`n ~k`

obia`~` sptwlwja fl~ kbi` jmn Sjpa! Jds jmn ^lmj jt` sàò~lmh `zpli`m~- L ~kbphk~ L xbpan

ojtt| ~kj~-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n jmn sk` ~k`m lof`n k`t ajs~ l~ì j sijaa oal xklok sk` gl~~`n ~b ~k` ~b

bg k`t x`ddlmh djof! ~kls sk` fm`x xbpan ojtt| ~k` x`jbm sk` xjs hblmh ~b ~jf`- ^k` m`{~

~xb l~ìs gtbi ~k` ~òk ojs` x`t` ~k` k`jn tlh gbt ~k` KPP sk` fm`x sk` xbpan ~jf` lm j

ilmp~` jmn ~k` sòbmn sijaa db{! `{o`~ ~kls bm` kjn j obp` bg nj~j aphs js xàa js ~k`

tòkjth` bt~- Pbm oabs` lmsò~lbm sk` sjx ~kj~ l~ gl~~`n mloà| ~bh`~k`t xl~k ~k` `mwltbm db{

jmn abbf`n js l~ ibt` obpan d` jnn`n- _k` ~k`m aphh`n lm ~k` ~xlm ojda`s ~kj~ tjm gtbi ~k`

k`jn tlh- ^k` ajs~ l~ì bp~ xjs ~k` sijaa db{ bg ~tlofs ~kj~ sab~~`n bm~b ~k` k`jn a`g~ kjmn sln`

bg ~k` tlh- _k` abx`t`n ~k` jo~pja `|` lò` sb l~ xjs obw`tlmh k`t `|` jmn l~ xjs js lg sk` xjs

pslmh k`t ~xb `|`s ~b s``! mb~ eps~ ~k` `|` pmobw`t`n- ‛L“i lit`ss`n ~kls ~òk ls hblmh ~b ijf`

js a`~kja bm ~k` dj~~a` glàn-“ _k` alg~`n ~k` `|` lò` jmn sjx _jintj xjs jasb gl~~lmh ~k` k`jn

tlh-

Jg~`t _jmntj kjn gl~~`n l~! jmn ~k` okòf`n l~ xbtf`n! sk` ibw`n ~b kà k`t xl~k gl~~lmh

~k` x`ddlmh- _k` alg~`n ~k` x`ddlmh tlh sb Mlds obpan oal`n lm ~k` gtbm~ gl{lmhs- _jmntj ~k`m

oal`n ~k` ~xb j~ ~k` djof- Mlds ~k`m alg~`n _jmntj“s jmn jaabx`n k`t ~b nb ~k` sji`- D| ~k`

~li` ~k` jlt kjn glmlsk`n oallmh ~k` b~k`t bpok`s ~b ~k`lt p~lal~| dà~s ^lmj jmn Jds kjn db~k eps~ a g~ k`jnlmh gbt ~k` jlsa`s xk`t` ~k` sml`t tlga s xk`t` f`~-

Xk`m ~k` jlt x`t` t`jn| ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` jlsa`s ~k`| xjm~`n jmn xjaf`n ~bh`~k`t

pm~la ~k` jlsa` xl~k ~k` IJ473s bm xk`t` _jmntj ~ptm`n nbxm! `{o`~ sk` f`~ hblmh- ^k`

x`jbm sk` xjm~`n xjs j obidj~ obibpmn dbx! xklok lg ~k` s~j~s bg ~k` obip~`t x`t` tlhk~

xbpan i`jm ~k` jttbxs xbpan d` glt`n xl~k gbto`s oabs` ~b ;33ads xklok xl~k ~k` jttbxs sk`

kjn s``m d`sln` l~! x`t` wlolbps abbflmh- _k` lof`n p ~k` dbx jmn okòf`n ~k` djajmo` jmn

gbpmn l~ m``n`n sbi` s~jdlalulmh! jmn sk` lof`n p j slmha` skbt~ tbn jmn gl~~`n ~k` ~b ~k` gtbm~-^k` m`{~ l~ì xjs j sijaa nlhl~ja sob` xklok sk` gl~~`n ~b ~k` bgg sln` jmn ijn` spt` ~k`

obmmò~lbm d`~x``m l~ jmn ~k` dbx xjs hbbn- Xk`m ~kj~ xjs s`~ sk` lof`n p j zplw`t bg

jttbxs jmn sk` s~tj`n ~kj~ ~b ~k` tlhk~ kjmn sln` bg k`t jof- _k` ntb`n ~k` `|` lò` lm~b

ajo` jmn sjx j ~jth`~lmh t`~loa` lm jnnl~lbm ~b ~k` t s~ bg ~k` l~ìs lm k`t wlslbm- ^k` bm` l~ì

sk` obaaò~`n gtbi ~k` `mn bg ~k` jlsa` xjs j ~xb gbb~ abmh ijok`~` xklok sk` saln jabmh xl~k

l~“s sojddjtn nbxm ~k` a`g~ sln` bg k`t djofjof-

^k` ajs~ ebd ~b nb xjs ~b glaa ~k` xj~`t db~~a`s- _k` eblm`n Sjpa! Jds! ^lmj jmn _jmntj! jaa

bg ~kì abbf`n alf` ~k`| x`t` t`jn|- Jds abbf`n j al~~a` jmmb|`n xl~k sbi`~klmh-



Jds! ^lmj jmn Sjpa s~bbn jmn xk`m Mlds kjn jss`n ~kì ~k` x`ddlmh jmn jofs- Jds

alf` Mlds kjn lof`n p j obpa` bg 4>kbpt tj~lbm jofs jmn ì~l`n ~k` obm~`m~s bm~b ~k` gabbt

jmn sab~~`n ~k` smjofs lm~b ~k` tlhk~ sln` bof`~ jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` gbbn l~ìs x`m~ lm~b ~k`

ijlm bof`~- _k` kjn jat`jn| ajo`n j sa``lmh djh lm~b ~k` w`t| db~~bi jmn tbaa ij~~ ~b ~k`

pmn`tsln`- ^k` m`{~ l~ìs db~k sk` jmn ^lmj sàò~`n x`t` j g`x bg ~k` sptwlwja l~ìs ~kj~ x`t`

aboj~`n bm ~k` djof xjaa-

Xk`m ~k` ~kt`` djof)jofs x`t` jof`n sk` alg~`n k`t x`ddlmh s`~ jmn sk` s`~ jmn

bsl~lbm`n l~ gbt obigbt~! sk` nln ~k` sji` gbt ^lmj jmn Sjpa- Jaa ~kt`` k`jn n gbt xk`t` ~k`

sml`t tlga`s x`t` s~bt`n- _k` kjn jm ln`j bg sk` jmn ^lmj xjm~`n- _k` xjaf`n ~b k`t m`x tlga`

~k` @okb 48 sml`t tlga`- Xk`m sk` xjs lm gtbm~ bg l~ sk` lof`n l~ p jmn ~bbf gtbi ~k`

opdbjtn d`m`j~k ~k` salmh jmn j~~jok`n l~ ~b ~k` tlga`- _k` sapmh l~ jmn ~k`m obaaò~`n sl{

ijhjulm`s bg ?3 tbpmns jmn sab~~`n ~kì jaa lm~b ~k` gtbm~ bpok`s- _k` lof`n p j s`w`m~k jmn

sab~~`n ~kj~ kbi` lm~b ~k` x`jbm tàjolmh ~k` bm` sk` kjn ì~l`n bm _pinjt bm ~k` gltlmh

alm`-

_k` abbf`n j~ ^lmj xkb xjs kbanlmh j U4 jmn silalmh- Sjpa xjs ojtt|lmh j Oba~jmjt ^N)

8! bm` bg ~k` ibt` mjs~| x`jbms Oba~jmjt obms~tpo~`n- L~ xjs bma| :3ii dp~ ~k` s~jmnjtn

tbpmns x`t` glm s~jdlalu`n njt~s-

‑^òk ~li` L ~klmf!’ sk` sjln jmn ~ptm`n k`jnlmh gbt ~k` skàw`s kbanlmh ~k` wjtlbps l~ìs

bg x`jbm ~òkmbabh|-

^lmj jmn Sjpa zplofa| ojphk~ k`t p jmn ^lmj sila`n j~ k`t- ^k`| `m~`t`n ~k` jlsa` xk`t`

^lmj sàò~`n j PW {433 sob`- _k` s~b`n lm gtbm~ bg j gpaa sijt~ sob` ibnlgloj~lbm gbt ~k`

@okb _`tl`s bg x`jbms- _k` lof`n bm` p jmn sab~~`n ~k` pml~ ~b ~k` tlhk~ kjmn sjln- _k` ~k`m

ijn` spt` ~k` pml~ xjs abof`n lm~b ajo` js bm ~k` sln` bg ~k` tlga` xjs j sijaa nj~j bt~ xklok

ijttl`n p ~b ~k` nj~j bt~ bm ~k` sijt~ sob`- Xk`m l~ xjs abof`n kbi` sk` ntb`n ~k` KPP

bw`t k`t tlhk~ `|` jmn bm ~k` nlsaj| xjs bg ~k` tbbi- Xk`m sk` sjx ~k` lijh` sk` ~kbphk~!

‛_bi`~klmh ls xtbmh2’ _k` htjdd`n ~k` kjmna` mb~klmh xjs nlsaj|`n bm ~k` sot``m- ‑Xkj~ ~k`

kàa ls xtbmh2’ sk` sjln-

‑Xkj~“s p kpm2’ jsf`n ^lmj

‑^k` sijt~ sob` L“w` jnn`n lsm“~ xbtflmh-’

‑^t| aphhlmh l~ lm!’ tàl`n ^lmj js sk` paa`n ~k` skbt~ ojda` j~ k`t a`g~ kjmn sln`- ‑^k`

jtibpt kjs j xlt` dpla~ lm~b `jok jti ~kjm tpms gtbi ~k` obm~jo~ jns lm ~k` jais ~b ~k`

obip~`t! jmn jasb aph lm ~k` nj~j ojda` gtbi ~k` KPP-’

‑Hbbn blm~!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~bbf ~k` ~xb ojda`s jmn aphh`n ~kì db~k lm- ^kls ~li`

xk`m sk` htjdd`n ~k` kjmna` bm ~k` @okb 48! bm ~k` nlsaj| j`jt`n j ~jth`~ tlmh jmn jaa ~k`t`s~ bg ~k` lmgbtij~lbm obilmh gtbi ~k` sijt~ sob`- ‑^kls sot``m ls j i`ss-’ ^k` sot``m lm

gtbm~ bg k`t tlhk~ `|` okjmh`n salhk~a| xk`m sk` tà`js`n ~k` ls~ba htl- _k` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k`



‑Jht``n! ~kj~“s j hbbn b`tj~lbmja nls~jmo`!’ sjln ^lmj-

_k` ~ptm`n jmn s~jt~`n bm~b ~k` ~tjof ~ktbphk ~k` `nh` bg ~k` gbt`s~- ^k` ~tjof ~bbf ~kì

bm j Mbt~k)@js~`ta| tbp~` jxj| gtbi ~k` kbps`- Js sk` `m~`t`n ~k` gbt`s~! sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP

jmn ~bbf j bsl~lbm abof jmn sjw`n ~k` obbtnlmj~`s- _k` obpan s`` jk`jn ~kj~ ~k` gbt`s~ xjs

h`~~lmh njtf`t jmn n`ms`t- Alhk~ s~laa hb~ ~b ~k` htbpmn dp~ l~ xjs obmsln`tjda| a`ss ~kjm j~ ~k`

`nh`-

‑\bp fmbx hp|s! ~kls ~òkmbabh| ls hblmh ~b ijf` ps bm` bg ~k` ibs~ n`jna| pml~s ~k`

Hjmhtàs kjw` bm ~k` tbs~`ts!’ sjln _jmntj-

_k` ~k`m ibw`n bp~ sabxa|! abbflmh jtbpmn- Jg~`t ~tjwàalmh ~`m i`~t`s! _jmntj gbaabx`n

abbflmh jtbpmn gbt jmlijas-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg kbpts bg gbaabxlmh n`jn ~tjofs! _jmntj sjx jm pal~ jmn ntb`n ~b ~k`

fm`àlmh bsl~lbm jmn dtbphk~ ~k` tlga` ~b k`t skbpan`t jmn t`jt`n ~b glt`-

‑Pal~! >33! :3 b“oabof!’ sk` sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì sb sk` xbpanm“~ sojt`

jm| b~k`t jmlijas lm ~k` jt`j-

‑\bpt sb~! |bpt flaa! _jmntj!’ sjln Jds-

_jmntj fm`x ~kj~ ~k` b~k`t ~xb ~kbphk~ ~k` sji`-

Mlds t`jnl`n k t dbx js _jmntj kjn sjln ‛@af >33“ sb ~kj~ l~ jli`n a`g~ sb ~kj~ skbpan ~k`

skb~ mb~ d` gj~ja! ~k` àf xjs alfà| ~b ibw` ~b ~k` a`g~ jmn h`~ mjla`n d| jm jttbx- _k` nbpd~`n

~k` jttbx xjs t`jaa| mò`ssjt|! dp~ ~k` okjmo` xjs ~k`t` ~kj~ _jmntj ilss`n bt ~k` jmlija

ibw`n spnn`ma| l~ xbpan d` n`jn-

‑Bf!’ _jmntj t`sbmn`n js sk` dt`j~k`n sabxa| jmn lm j obm~tbaa`n gjsklbm- _k` szp`ù`n

~k` sajof bp~ bg ~k` ~tlhh`t- _jmntj jps`n ~b t`jn| k`t dt`j~klmh! tà`js`n ~k` sjg`~| oj~ok jmn

s~jt~`n ~b szp`ù` ~k` ~tlhh`t- ^k` okìlojas lm ~k` dlmjt| tbpmn `{abn`n ~k` dpaa`~ nbxm ~k`

djttà! ~k`t` xjs j ipgga n otjof js ~k` dpaa`~ joo a`tj~`n jss`n ~k` s``n bg sbpmn- Eps~ jk jn

bg ~k` dpaa`~ xjs j oabpn bg okìloja sibf`- ^k` m`{~ sbpmn xjs ~k` zpl`~ ~xjmh bg dbxs~tlmh

js Mlds abbs`n k`t jttbx- ^k`t` xjs j ~kpn js ~k` dpaa`~ s~tpof ~k` sfpaa bg ~k` pal~ jmn ~k` pal~

ntb`n nbxm n`jn- ^k` jttbx ga`x nbxm ~k` a`g~ sln` jmn ~k`m ~kpnn`n lm~b j ~t``-

‑Xk| ~k` jttbx skb~2 I| sb~! i| flaa2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑A`~“s sj| l~ xjs lmsptjmo`- L~“s d`~~`t ~b flaa ~k` jmlija bp~tlhk~ ~kjm ~b kjw` l~ nl` lm jlm

dòjps bg jm lmept| ~kj~ x` ojps`n- Jmn! lg |bp mb~lo`n! i| skb~ xjs nbxm ~k` a`g~)kjmn sln`!

sji` k`lhk~- ^k` dlhh`s~ nlgg`t`mo` ls i| jttbxs `{jmn xk`m ~k`| kl~ sbi`~klmh! ijflmh jmjs~| i`ss bg ~k` jt`j ~k`| kl~-’ Mlds ~k`m htjdd`n bm` gtbi k`t zplw`t jmn b`tj~`n ~k` stlmh

jo~lbm bm ~k` `{jmn`ts-



4??

‑Jm|xj|! a`~“s hb jmn h`~ |bpt oj~ok jmn jofjh` l~ gbt ~k` ~tl djof!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑\`jk a`~“s!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn sk` s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~b xk`t` ~k` flaa kjn ntb`n oabsà|

gbaabx`n d| Mlds jmn Jds-

Xk`m ~k`| jttlw`n j~ ~k` flaa sl~`! ~k`| sjx ~k` i`ss ~kj~ _jmntj“s dpaa`~ kjn a`g~-

‑JS@[ tbpmn kpm-’

‑Bk! mjs~|!’ t`sbmn`n Jds js sk` abbf`n j~ ~k` i`ss-

^k`| s`m~ ~`m ilmp~`s hp~~lmh jmn t`jtlmh ~k` jmlija gbt ~tjmsbt~- L~ xjs kpmh gtbi j

abxlsk dtjmok jmn bsl~lbm abof`n sb ~k` htbp obpan lof l~ p xk`m ~k`| t`~ptm`n ~b ~k`

kbps`-

^k` m`{~ g`x kbpts x`t` pm`w`m~gpa- ^k`m ~k`| jtbjok`n j oa`jtlmh jmn sjx ~xb n``t

htjulmh- D`gbt` jm|bm` obpan sj| jm|~klmh! Mlds nt`x jm jttbx jmn Jds ntb`n ~b j fm`àlmh

bsl~lbm jmn kjn t`jnl`n k`t tlga`- Mlds nt`x ~k` dbx s~tlmh djof jmn jli`n j~ ~k` oabs`s~ bm` ~b

~k` `nh` bg ~k` oa`jtlmh! j gtjo~lbm bg j sòbmn aj~`t! sk` kjn tà`js`n ~k` dbx s~tlmh jmn s`m~

~k` jttbx bm l~s xj|- Jds paa`n ~k` ~tlhh`t jmn ~k`t` xjs j ipgga`n otjof- ^k` ~xb n``t

sapi`n nbxm n`jn-

‑Abbfs alf` x` kjw` nlmm`t jmn j ojisl~` ~b dbb~!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑\`jk l~ abbfs ~kj~ xj|!’ sk` sjln-

Js ~k` htbp jtbjok`n ~k` oa`jtlmh ~k`| obpan s`` ~kj~ l~ kjn d``m ps`n js oji sl~`! jnjtf`m`n jt`j lm ~k` ilnna` lmnloj~`n xk`t` j glt` kjn d``m al~ ~k`t`- _pttbpmnlmh ~k` jt`j x`t`

j g`x abhs jmn s~bm`s-

‑L“aa h`~ bm xl~k dp~ok`tlmh bm` bg ~k` flaas!’ sjln Jds-

‑_jmntj! ^lmj! Sjpa jmn i` xlaa hj~k`t glt` xbbn jmn mp~s jmn jasb ~t| ~b glmn sbi`

xj~`t!’ sk` sjln-

‑Xj~`t2 L nbm“~ k`jt jm|!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Eps~ dòjps` |bp ojm“~ k`jt l~! nb`sm“~ i`jm l~“s mb~ lm ~k` jt`j- W`t| g`x `ba` dplan jglt` l~ xl~kbp~ j xj~`t sbpto` m`jtd|-’

‑^kj~“s ~tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Jds-

Sjpa kjn jat`jn| ntb`n kls jof bgg jmn s~bbn t`jn| ~b hb xl~k k`t- ‑^lmj! _jmntj! |bp

~xb obilmh ~b kà i` hj~k`t glt`xbbn jmn w`h`~jda`s gbt nlmm`t2’

‑\`jk!’ sjln _jmntj! tà`jslmh ~k` jof jmn epilmh p- ^lmj nln ~k` sji`-

_k` oal`n k`t dbx ~b ~k` x`ddlmh js ~kls ibtmlmh sk` kjn lms~jaa`n ~k` sijaa oal ~kj~

oji` xl~k ~k` x`ddlmh- L~ jaabx`n gbt `js| ~tjmsbt~ gbt j x`jbm xl~kbp~ j salmh! f``lmh db~k

~k` kjmns gt``-

‑Tlhk~ k`t` d`hlms |bpt glts~ a`ssbm lm sptwlwja :3:!’ sjln Mlds- ‑^k` glts~ a`ssbm ls `js|6



~t| mb~ ~b h`~ abs~ jmn mb~ ~b tpm bp~ bg gbbn- L~“s bm` bg ~k` t`jsbms L jof`n ~kt`` nj|s“)xbt~k

bg tj~lbms ~kls ibtmlmh- Dp~ lg |bp nb h`~ abs~ ~k`m ~k` jt`j |bp jt` lm xlaa ibt` ~kjm alfà| d`

jda` ~b tbwln` `mbphk sps~`mjmo` gbt `ba` ~b sptwlw`- Obi` bm! xkj~ nln ~k` kpm~`t)hj~k`ts

bg ~x`m~| ~kbpsjmn |`jts jhb alw` bm2’

‑Mp~s! gtpl~s jmn ~klmhs!’ jmsx`t`n Jds-

‑\bp nbm` ~kls d`gbt` Jds2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑L fmbx djslo sptwlwja! i| njn ls j kpm~`t jmn hb`s ~b ~k` Mbt~k xjs~àjmn gbt`s~ ~b kpm~

gtbi iln ~b aj~` gjaa `w`t| |`jt!’ tàl`n Jds-

‑Jk! Bf!’ sk` sjln-

‑^kj~“s bm` bg ~k` t`jsbms L sjln L xbpan dp~ok`t ~k` flaa gbt nlmm`t-’

_k` sila`n jmn xjaf`n bgg lm~b ~k` gbt`s~- ‑Glts~ ebd ls ~b glmn j xj~`t sbpto` js l~ xlaa

tbwln` ps xl~k xj~`t jmn ~k`t` skbpan d` nlda` ajm~s m jtd|- Slof jm|~klmh! dp~ `j~ mb~klmh!

pma`ss Jds bt L kjw` oa`jt`n l~ js `nlda`- Bf |bp ~kt``2’

‑\`s!’ sjln jaa ~kt`` jmn gbaabx`n Mlds bp~ bg ~k` ojisl~` jmn nbxm ~k` klaa-

Jg~`t xjaflmh jdbp~ ~`m i`~t`s! sk` s~b`n jmn slhmjaa`n gbt sla`mo`- Jg~`t als~`mlmh sk`

obm~lmp`n xjaflmh jmn sjln! ‑Xj~`t ls ~kls xj| L ~klmf-’ Kjwlmh ~tjwàa`n m`jta| j kpmnt`n

i`~t`s! ~k` htbp oji` pbm j sijaa hpaa| lm xklok tjm j s~t`ji- Ibs~ bg ~k` gbt`s~ kjn j~ok`s

bg htbpmn ajm~s! dp~ sl{~| ~b s`w`m~| i`~t`s nbxmklaa gtbi ~k` s~t`ji xjs j ht`j~ ijss bg

htbpmn ajm~s- _k` s~``n bw`t ~k` hpaa| jmn s~bb`n jmn htjdd`n j kjmngpa bg t`n d`ttl`s

gtbi j dpsk jmn j~` bm`- _k` ~k`m jss`n sbi` ~b ^lmj! _jmntj jmn Sjpa sj|lmh! ‑Ej~~jt d`ttl`s!

zpl~` eplo| jmn sx``~ jo~pjaa| gbt ~kls ~li` bg |`jt-’ ^k` ~kt`` `jok ~bbf bm` jmn b`n l~ lm~b

~k`lt ibp~ks- ^k`| sila`n j~ ~k` eplo| jmn sx``~ ~js~`-

‑Eps~ xjmn`t jmn lof xkj~ |bp ~klmf xlaa d` `nlda`- \bp“t` mb~ hblmh ~b a`jtm lg |bp

nbm“~ ~t|-’

‑Bf!’ ~k`| jaa sjln jmn s~jt~`n ~b kpm~ jtbpmn ~k` jt`j-

‑Nbm“~ gbth`~ ~k` glt`xbbn-’

‑Bf kpm!’ sjln _jmntj-

^lmj eps~ mbnn`n js sk` xjs `mhtbss`n lm loflmh jaa ~k` d`ttl`s-

‑Nbm“~ ~jf` ~bb ijm| ^lmj- ^k` aboja jmlijas `j~ l~ js xàa- K`t`“s |bpt sòbmn a`ssbm6

a`jtm ~b alw` lm kjtibm| xl~k ~k` `mwltbmi`m~- Nbm“~ ~jf` ~bb ipok bt |bp ij| ojps` tbdaìs

~b ~k` aboja jmlija alg`-’

‑Bf!’ ^lmj sjln jmn s~b`n- _k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sb~~`n j ~jaa dpsk! xl~k ~klmhs

kjmhlmh gtbi ~k` dtjmok`s- ‑Ls ~kls `nlda` Mlds2’

‑Okpof i` bm`!’ Mlds tàl`n xk`m sk` sjx xkj~ ^lmj xjs abbflmh j~- ^lmj lof`n bm`



4?0

jmn ~kt`x l~ ~b Mlds xkb! jg~`t b`mlmh ~k` bp~`t ojs`! mbnn`n ~b ^lmj-

Jg~`t ~klt~| ilmp~`s bg hj~k`tlmh xbbn! Sjpa! _jmntj jmn sk` kjn jtigpas- ^lmj kjn

jat`jn| hbm` djof! ntjhhlmh j obpa` bg ajth` abhs ~b f`` ~k` glt` hblmh bw`tmlhk~- ^k` ~kt``

xjmn`t`n djof ~b s`` ^lmj! pmn`t Jds“ lms~tpo~lbm! oa`jtlmh ~k` glt` l~ bp~ jmn p~~lmh ibs~ bg

~k` dptm~ xbbn lm j la` oabs` ~b ~k` l~- _k` d`m~ nbxm! ~bbf k`t fmlg` jmn sotj`n bm` bg ~k`

abhs ^lmj kjn dtbphk~ djof- _k` sbbm kjn j sijaa la` bg s~tls! sk` p~ ~kì lm ~k` ilnna` bg

~k` njtf`m`n jt`j- _k` ~bbf k`t galm~ jmn s~`à gtbi k`t jof jmn sotj`n j g`x salw`ts bg ~k`

ajth` slaw`t dabof bgg- Pslmh ~k` s~tlf`t s~tl jmn fmlg`! sk` ojps`n sjtfs ~b epi jmn ~k`s`

ojphk~ ~k` slaw`t s~tls jmn ~kj~ ojphk~ ~k` ijn` ~k` la` bg xbbn s~tls sibpan`t- _k` ~bbf

sbi` bg ~k` sijaa ~xlhs sk` kjn dtbphk~ djof jmn ot`j~`n j |tjiln jtbpmn ~k` ìd`ts- _k`

d`m~ oabs` jmn alhk~a| da`x bm~b ~k` flmnalmh- ^k` ìd ts s~jt~`n ~b habx t`n jmn ~k`m sijaa

gaji`s a`j~ jmn d`hjm ~b alof jtbpmn ~k` ~b bg ~k` |tjiln- Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns! ~k`

~xlhs s~jt~`n ~b sibf` jmn ~k`m dptm- _k` p~ sbi` ibt` salhk~a| ajth`t ~xlhs jtbpmn ~k` djs`

bg ~k` glt`! ~k`m sj~ djof jmn xjl~`n gbt ~k` glt` ~b oj~ok tb`ta|-

‑Xk`t` nln |bp a`jtm kbx ~b nb ~kj~2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` sj~ djof-

‑Lm _lmmj|j jmn Tpn`jsk! L fmbx glw` ibt` i`~kbns bg glt` alhk~lmh- L nlnm“~ nb ipok

xk`m L xjs lm _ptjdjm! dp~ L ~klmf ~kj~ xjs nbxm ~b i| n`t`sslbm jmn jasb ~k` dpaa|lmh-’

‑Jm|xj|! |bp jt` mbx ~`joklmh sbi` xlaalmh plas ~k` sflaas |bp fmbx!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Jmn jasb a`jtmlmh m`x bm`s js xàa! L kb`!’ sjln Jds-‑Bk |`jk L ji!’ Mlds t`sbmn`n- ^k` |tjiln obaajs`n j al~~a` sb sk` p~ ~k` ~xlhs gtbi

~k` djs` lm~b ~k` gaji`s- ^k`s` zplofa| ojphk~ jmn s~jt~`n ~b dptm wlhbtbpsa|- ‑Xàa x` jt`

hblmh ~b m``n j ab~ ibt` xbbn! `ba`-’

Jds sjln! ‑^k` i`j~ ls dp~ok`t`n jmn kpmh- Obi` bm _jmntj! ^lmj- A`~“s hb h`~ ~k`

xbbn- Tììd`t x` xlaa m``n j ab~ js ~k` glt` m``ns ~b d` dptmlmh jaa mlhk~-’

‑Bf!’ sjln db~k ~k` hltas- Sjpa! _jmntj jmn ^lmj gbaabx`n Jds js sk` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k`

oji sl~`-‑Jds! _jmntj!’ Mlds ojaa`n- ‑Hb jmn glaa ~k` ì~| xj~`t db~~a`s-’

‑Hbbn blm~!’ Jds sjln-

_k` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` jofs xk`t` jmn htjdd`n ~k` gbpt ì~| db~~a`s- ^k`t` xjs j

~kpn jmn j tps~a` js j xj~`t db~~a` ajmn`n m`jt k`t- Jds abbf`n j~ l~! ~k`m j~ k`t! xkb xjs

silalmh! ‑Glaa ilm` a`js`! L“i p~~lmh ~k` ~`j bm-’

‑Xkj~ x` hb~ ~`j)xls`2’ sk` jsf`n

‑Mj~pt`“s bxm Ej~~jt D`tt| ~`j!’ tàl`n Mlds-

‑Mlo`- Mb~ kjn ~kj~ d`gbt`-’



‑Mlo` okjmh` gtbi ~k` mbtija s~pgg!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds js sk` s~ltt`n ~k` il{~pt` bw`t ~k`

glt`- ‑Ojm |bp abbf gbt sbi` xbbn gbt j sl~ jmn s~jmns2’

‑\`jk mb tbdaì!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn a`g~ ~k` ojisl~` k`jnlmh gbt ~k` xj~`t- ^k` b~k`ts

x`t` jat`jn| kpm~lmh gbt hbbn slu`n abhs jmn ibt` d`ttl`s! mp~s jmn tbb~ w`h`~jda`s- _k` ojaa`n

~b ~k` ~kt`` bg ~kì! ‑Obi` k`t` |bp ~kt``! L xjm~ ~b skbx |bp sbi`~klmh-’

^k` ~kt`` bg ~kì oji` bw`t jmn abbf`n j~ xkj~ sk` xjs abbflmh j~-

^lmj jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ ls l~2’

‑J mj~ptja k`td hjtn`m! |bp“aa glmn hjta`m pmn`t ~kj~ ajm~! dtlssji s~ìs! htls~k a`jw`s

~k`t`! jmn sjth a`jw`s ~k`t`!’ Jds tàl`n! ‑L ~klmf Mlds ls hbbn j~ ijflmh spt` `ba` jt` sjg`-

L“i ibt` bg j ajm~ glmn`t-’

Xk`m ~k` htbp xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` ojisl~` ~k`| sjx ~kj~ sk` kjn j op jmn gtbi ~k`

op oji` s~`ji-

‑Kjw` j ntlmf jmn j dt`jf gbt j dl~! ~k`m s~jt~ nlmm`t! xklok ls tbjs~ n``t jmn j w`h`~jda`

s~`x L ~klmf-’

Jaa bg ~k` xbtf`ts x`m~ jmn htjdd`n ~k`lt ops gtbi d`sln` ~k` glt`-

‑Ii! w`t| mlo`-’ Jg~`t a`~~lmh ~k` ~js~` s`~~a`! Jds obm~lmp`n! ‑eps~ ~k` tlhk~ sx``~m`ss

jmn ~jmh-’

‑L kjw` ~b jnil~ ~kj~ ~bb! l~ ls j hbbn ~`j!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑^kjmfs hp|s! L“i eps~ kj| `w`t|bm` alf`n l~!’ Mlds sjln

‑X` m``n abjns ibt` xbbn! |bp ojm m`w`t! mb~ kjw` `mbphk xbbn gbt jm b`m glt`-

Xkj~`w`t x` nbm“~ ps` xlaa h`~ okpof`n lm ~k` ibtmlmh d`gbt` x` a`jw`!’ sjln Jds-

‑Bf!’ sjln ^lmj! Sjpa jmn _jmntj- ^k` ~kt`` s~bbn p jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k`lt ~`js jmn

nlsj`jt`n lm ~k` s`jtok gbt xbbn-

Jds ntjhh`n j ajth` s~bm` bp~ jmn ~l`n j sijaa jibpm~ bg dblalmh xj~`t bw`t ~k` ~b ~b

xjsk l~- _k` ~k`m hb~ bp~ ~k` k`tds jmn jss`n bm` lò` bg ~k` dtjmok`s sk` kjn obaaò~`n ~b

Mlds xkb abbf`n j~ l~ jmn mbnn`n k`t jtbwja-

Mlds hb~ p jmn obaaò~`n ~k` ijok ~` gtbi ~k` sln` bg k`t jof- _k` sxpmh ~k` ijok`~`

jmn op~ ~k` dtjmok xk`t` xjm~`n sb sk` obpan ijf` ~k` sl~- _k` sàò~`n ~xb s~ptn| dtjmok`s

gtbi ~k` xbbn la` jmn skjt`m`n ~kì- _k` ~k`m s~pof ~k` s~jmns lm~b ~k` `jt~k `l~k`t sln` bg

~k` glt`- _k` ~ptm`n ~bxjtns xk`t` ~k` i`j~ xjs kpmh! sk` xjaf`n bw`t ~b l~! jmn sàò~`n j

hbbn slu` lò`- _k` psk`n ~k` sl~ ~ktbphk l~ jmn dtbphk~ l~ djof ~b ~k` glt`- _k` ajln ~k` sl~

bm ~k` s~jmns jmn sj~ djof nbxm-

Jds kjn p~ sbi` ibt` bg ~k` sijaa`t dtjmok`s jmn abhs bm~b ~k` glt`- ^k` gaji`s jg~`t ~k`| ojphk~ nln eps~ ~bpok ~k` i`j~ lm ajo`s dp~ ~k`| nl`n nbxm jg~`t j skbt~ xkla`-

_k` ~bbf ~k` k`tds Jds kjn t`jt`n jmn ntb`n ~kì lm~b j i`ss ~lm xl~k j dl~ bg xj~`t



4?8

lm jmn s~jt~`n ~b k`j~ ~k` il{~pt` xklas~ ~k` ~xb bg ~kì s~jt~`n ~b t`jt` ~k` w`h`~jda`s jmn

b~k`t l~ìs gbt ~k` s~`x-

‑Mlds!’ sjln Jds bp~ bg ~k` dap`-


‑Lg x` kjnm“~ jsf`n |bp ~b eblm ~k` Wl{`ms! xkj~ xbpan |bp kjw` nbm`2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! ibt` ~kjm alfà| hbm` ~b obaa`h` jmn ~k`m ibt` ~kjm alfà| hbm` ~b xbtf gbt

bm` bg ~k` obtbtj~lbms L spbs`-’

‑Mb~ xbtf lm ~k` gt`àjmo` lmnps~t|2’

‑L~ xbpan kjw` n``mn`n bm ~k` bgg`ts xk`m L xjs m`jt a`jwlmh obaa`h`! L fmbx Njil`m

xbpan kjw` bgg`t`n i` j hbbn jofjh` gbt i` ~b xbtf gbt kli! dp~ js L sjln L nbm“~ fmbx! xj|

~bb ijm| wjtljda`s ~b `w`m s~jt~ xbtflmh l~ bp~-’

_k` ntb`n ~k` glts~ dj~ok bg w`h`~jda`s lm~b ~k` i`ss ~lm- ‑Oj~ok ~k` gj~ ntllmh- X`

ojm ps` l~ ~bibttbx gbt dt`jfgjs~-’

‑^tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Jds js sk` htjdd`n j i`ss ~lm jmn ojphk~ ~k` gj~ js l~ ntl`n bgg ~k`

i`j~-

‑Xjs~` mb~!’ Mlds sjln-

‑Xjm~ mb~!’ t`sbmn`n Jds xl~k j sila`! ‑L s`` x` hb~ ~jphk~ d| slilajt ~`jok`ts Mlds-

I| gj~k`t jmn2’

‑Mlidb! gtbi Tpepmlwj k` xjs alwlmh lm _lmmj|j! j d`jp~lgpa obpm~t| bg gbt`s~s ajf`sjmn ibpm~jlms! jmn j ab~ bg lo` jmn oban! jmn Opddjnjt gtbi Tpn`jsk-’

‑Bk! L d`~-’

‑Dp~ j `tgò~ ajo` ~b a`jtm sptwlwja ~òkmlzp`s gtbi-’

‑W`t| ~tp`!’ sjln Jds-

^k` jlt sjx ^lmj jmn Sjpa6 db~k x`t` abbflmh obmo`tm`n! xjaflmh djof ~b ~k` ojisl~`

ojtt|lmh zpl~` j g`x dtjmok`s- ‑Xk`t`“s _jmntj2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑X` gbpmn sbi`~klmh jmn _jmntj ls ~t|lmh ~b aboj~` ls ib~k`t!’ sjln Sjpa-‑Xkj~ nln sk` glmn2’ Mlds jsf`n-

‑^kj~ l~“s x` jt`m“~ spt`! l~“s sijaa! gptt| jmn kjs dtlhk~ dajulmh t`n `|`s!’ sjln ^lmj js

sk` ntb`n ~k` abhs lm ~k` la`- Sjpa eblm`n ^lmj lm ntblmh ~k` xbbn k` kjn bm~b ~k` la`6 k`

~k`m sj~ m`jt ~k` glt` jmn ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg xj~`t gtbi kls db~~a`-

Jg~`t jdbp~ glg~``m ilmp~`s _jmntj xjmn`t`n djof lm~b ~k` ojisl~`! j dl~ n`sbmn`m~- ‑L

xjsm“~ jda` ~b glmn l~s ib~k`t! dp~ L“w` a`g~ l~ m`jt ~k` s~t`ji-’

‑Bk! xkj~ ~k` sijaa djaa bg gpt!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑\`s-’ ^k`m ~k` glw` bg ~kì k`jtn j xklm` obilmh gtbi nbxm ~k` sab`- ‑Kàa! L ojm“~

a`~ l~ nl` bp~ ~k`t`! l~ lsm“~ tlhk~!’ `{oajli`n _jmntj! js sk` hb~ p-



Mlds w`t| zplofa| gbaabx`n k`t bp~ bg ~k` ojisl~ jmn nbxm ~k` sab`- Aj|lmh bm ~k`

htbpmn m`jt ~k` s~t`ji xjs ~kls ht`| djaa bg gpt- _k` xjaf`n p jmn nbxm ~k` s~t`ji abbflmh

gbt j n`jn jmlija6 sk` ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn t`~ptm`n ~b _jmntj sj|lmh! ‑L ojm s`` jm|~klmh- Bf!

~jf` l~ djof ~b oji ~kls `w`mlmh x`“aa nb j s`jtok gbt l~s ib~k`t ~bibttbx-’

_jmntj sjln! ‑Bf!’ lm t`sbms` jmn d`m~ nbxm jmn lof`n l~ p jmn ojttl`n l~ djof ~b ~k`

oji- ‑L nbm“~ ~klmf x` xlaa glmn kls ib~k`t! L ~klmf sk` ij| kjw` gjaa`m bgg j oalgg bt d``m

flaa`n sbiàjo` jmn ~k` |bpmh bm` kjs xjmn`t`n k`t` bm l~s bxm-’

‑Ibt` ~kjm alfà|! dp~ |bp m`w`t fmbx-’

‑Xàa jm|xj| xklas~ k`“s xl~k ps! L“i hblmh ~b ojaa kli Njtjps!’ sjln _jmntj js ~k`|

xjaf`n djof lm ~b ~k` ojisl~` ojtt|lmh ~k` sijaa djaa bg gpt- _k` p~ Njtjps nbxm jmn Njtjps

otjxa`n j skbt~ nls~jmo` jxj| jmn eps~ aj| ~k`t` jdsbtdlmh ~k` k`j~ h`m`tj~`n d| ~k` glt`- Jg~`t j

xkla` k` sj~ p jmn abbf`n j~ `jok bm` lmnlwlnpjaa| jmn x`m~ ~b `jok jmn hjw` ~kì jaa j sab|

x`~ flss xl~k kls ~bmhp`-

@w`t|bm` obphk`n! sj~ jmn xl`n jxj| ~k` sjalwj- ‑Bf! L ~klmf |bp ij| d` tlhk~

_jmntj!’ Mlds sjln-

%%%%%

J xkla` aj~`t xk`m ~k` s~`x jmn ~k` n``t i`j~ xjs obbf`n! sk` ~bbf k`t ijok`~` jmn

ojtw`n bgg j okpmf- _k` hjw` l~ ~b Njtjps ~b `j~! xkb ~pof`n lm~b l~ tjw`mbpsa|- _k` eps~ sila`n

jmn ojtw`n bgg j g`x sijaa`t okpmfs! ajolmh j lò` lm `jok bg ~k` i`ss ~lms- _k` bpt`n sbi`

bg ~k` s~`x lm~b `jok bg ~k` i`ss ~lms jmn t`glaa`n `jok `tsbm“s op xl~k t`n d`tt| ~`j- Xk`m

sk` xjs glmlsk`n! sk` ojaa`n! ‑Nlmm`t `w`t|bm`-’

_jmntj jmn Jds xjmn`t`n djof lm~b ~k` ojisl~` gtbi ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` s~t`ji! db~k

Sjpa jmn ^lmj xjaf`n bw`t gtbi sl~~lmh bm ~k` htbpmn abbflmh p j~ ~k` ~t`` ojmb|-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn s~jt~`n `j~lmh! Sjpa jsf`n! ‑Kbx xbpan |bp t`jo~ ~b i` jsflmh Ji|

~b eblm ~k` Wl{`ms2’

‑L xbpan kjw` mb tbdaì xl~k l~ lg `w`t|bm` às` ls bf xl~k l~!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑Xkj~ jdbp~

|bp kpm2’ sk` jsf`n Mlds xkb xjs sj~ d`sln` k`t `j~lmh-

‑Sjpa jat`jn| fmbxs i| jmsx`t- Hjt|! Njtaj! ^k` ^xlms jmn L kjn j okj~ jdbp~ l~ xk`m

|bp ~kt`` x`m~ `{abtlmh-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

‑I` ~bb js abmh js mb bm` kjs ijebt t`s`twj~lbms!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑_ji` k`t`!’ sjln Jds jg~`t sxjaabxlmh j ibp~kgpa bg gbbn! ‑@{oàa`m~ gbbn Mlds! |bpkjw` `{oàa`n |bptsàg jhjlm-’

Jg~`t ~k` i`ja xjs glmlsk`n! ^lmj obii`m~`n! ‑^kj~ xjs ~k` glts~ i`ja L“w` kjn ~kj~“s



4?<

d``m obbf`n bw`t jm b`m glt -’

‑Kbx obi` |bp jt` sb fmbxa`nh`jda` jdbp~ sb ijm| ~klmhs Mlds2’ Sjpa jsf`n-

‑L~s ~klmhs L“w` lof`n p bm i| ~tjwàs- Xk`m i| gjila| ibw`n ~b j m`x ol~| L ijn`

gtl`mns xl~k ~k` abojas tj~k`t ~kjm i| bxm `ba`- L ~klmf L obpan b`tj~`! opa~ptjaa| ~kj~ ls! lm j~

a`js~ 73 obpm~tl`s jmn L fmbx kbx ~b da`mn lm jmn mb~ s~jmn bp~ alf` j ~bptls~- L jasb fmbx `lhk~

ajmhpjh`s gap`m~a|! bm` ajmhpjh` sìl)gap`m~a|-’

‑Gòf! |bp“t` flnnlmh Mlds*’ `{oajli`n Jds- ‑L kjw` tbdaìs xl~k Sbt~hppa`! ~kj~“s

lmot`nlda`-’

‑Kbx ijm| obpm~tl`s ojm |bp b`tj~` lm ~b~jaa|2’ jsf`n ^lmj js sk` p~ k`t op nbxm

ì~|-

‑4? xl~kbp~ ijebt tbdaìs! ?8 lg L“i w`t| apof|- L~ ~jf`s i` jdbp~ ~kt`` ibm~ks ~b lof

p jmn pmn`ts~jmn j ajmhpjh` ~b d` gap`m~- L“aa ~àa |bp j s~bt| jdbp~ bm` sokbba L j~~`mn`n- ^k`

~`jok`t ~kj~ ~bbf ps gbt ~k` mj~lw` ajmhpjh` oajss`s xjs jm jttbhjm~ dl~ok! sk` ~kbphk~ k`tsàg sb

ipok d`~~`t ~kjm ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` oajss- L dtbf` lm~b k`t kbps` jmn ~bbf sbi` lo~pt`s6 L xjs

ajmmlmh bm kpilalj~lmh k t bm i| ajs~ nj|- Bk L nln ps` i| sflaas gbt ~klmhs alf` ~kj~!’ sk` xjs

mbnnlmh k`t k`jn lm jmsx`t ~b jm pmsbf`m zp`s~lbm! ‑dp~ sk` n`s`tw`n l~- Bm i| ajs~ nj| lm

sokbba! L xjs ibwlmh ~k` m`{~ nj|! L kjn k`t ajs~ jmn L sj~ xk`t` L mbtijaa| sj~ j~ ~k` djof bg

~k` oajss- Jdbp~ glw` ilmp~`s gtbi ~k` `mn bg oajss L s~bbn jmn obiijmn`n k`t ~b skp~ ~k` gòf

p! lm ~k` mj~lw` ~bmhp`! jmn ~b ~tjmsaj~` xkj~ L sjln jooptj~à|- L `ja`n bgg j abmh alm` bg sx`jt ~`tis ~kj~ bma| j `tsbm gap`m~ obpan t`ja bgg jmn j~ s``n js xàa! sk` s~bbn ~k`t` skbof`n- Hlw`

k`t np` sk` nln ~tjmsaj~` sbi` bg ~k` s~pgg- Js ~kj~ xjs i| ajs~ oajss bg ~k` nj| xk`m ~k` dàa

tjmh L nlsj`jt`n xl~k ~k` oajss ~ktbmh js ~k`| a`g~ ~k` oajss jmn xjs hbm`- L nb xlsk L obpan

s`` sbi` bg i| gtl`mns gtbi ~kbs` obpm~tl`s-’

‑Xkj~ |bp ~klmflmh jdbp~ kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` ajo`n k`t jti jtbpmn k`t xjls~-

‑Bk mb~klmh- Eps~ tìlmlsolmh jdbp~ ~li`s s`m~! gtl`mns ijn` jmn abs~-’ _k` slhk`n jmn

obm~lmp`n! ‑Xk`m L h`~ djof ~b ~k` kbi` djs` L ips~ ~t| jmn glmn ~kì jhjlm jmn j~ a`js~ ìjla~kì lg mb~klmh às`-’

‑Xk`m _jmntj sphh`s~`n jsflmh |bp ~b eblm ps! L kjw` ~b jnil~!’ sjln Jds! ‑L nln jaibs~

ajphk! dp~ L tììd`t`n xkj~ _jmntj kjn d``m alf` xk`m |bp glts~ eblm`n ~k` sokbba-’ Jds

jps`n gbt j ibi`m~ ~b obaaò~ k`t ~kbphk~s jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑Dp~ mbx L s`` ~kj~ jsflmh |bp ~b

eblm ps xjs bm` j ht`j~ ln`j- L ~klmf L ojm s jf gbt j~ a`js~ `w`t|bm` k`t`6 x` kjn d``m abbflmh

~b dt`jf lm~b ~k` tbg`sslbmja xbtan bg Hkbs~s jmn @al~` _òlja Gbto`s ~|`s bg I`to`mjt|

xbtf- X` kjn j djslo ln`j ~kj~ |bp m``n`n ~b d` j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ jmn x` fm`x x` obpan h`~

sbmsbt`n d| Njtaj bt jm| bg ~k` s~jgg j~ obiijmn- ^kj~ xjs jdbp~ ~k` spi ~b~ja bg bpt hkbs~

`mwltbmi`m~ fmbxa`nh`! x` fm`x jdbp~ ~k` m`~ sl~`s jmn b~k`t s~pgg! dp~ x` kjn mb ln`j kbx ~b



`w`m s~jt~ ~b bthjmls` j ebd gtbi ~k` s~jt~ ~b ~k` `mn-’

‑\`jk x` kjn ajmm`n obidj~ b`tj~lbms gtbi ~k` ^jo~loja a`wà- X` m`w`t t`jaa|

~kbphk~ jdbp~ kbx ipok xbtf hb`s lm~b jm b`tj~lbm gtbi ~k` s~tj~`hlo a`wà! x` m`w`t m``n`n

~b- L ~klmf bw`t ~k` ajs~ obpa` bg x``fs L fmbx L“w` a`jtm~ j ab~ `sòljaa| jaa ~k` b~k`t ~klmhs

|bp ips~ obmsln`t xk`m ajmmlmh jm b`tj~lbm gtbi ~k` s~tj~`hlo a`wà- L ~klmf x` jaa t`jals`n

jg~`t ~kj~ Paa`ji ~kj~ x` s`tlbpsa| ajof`n lm ~k` t`s`jtok sflaas jmn fmbxlmh xk`t` ~b abbf jmn

xk`t` ~b p~ M`~ zp`s~lbms!’ ^lmj obm~lmp`n- ‑Jmn ~b d` kbm`s~! L `tsbmjaa| ~klmf |bp ijf` j

ht`j~ abbflmh gìja` hkbs~! lg L kjnm“~ d``m nj~lmh Jds L xbpan n`gljm~a| hb gbt |bp! Mlds-’

‑^kjmfs ^lmj- Xk`t`“s Njtjps2’ sk` jsf`n-

Jg~`t j zplof abbf jtbpmn xl~k ~k`lt k`jns jmn `|`s _jmntj sb~~`n Njtjps eps~ d`klmn k`t

a`hs! ‑D`klmn |bpt a`hs kpm!’ sk` sjln-

‑Bk! ~k`t` |bp jt`- Obi` k`t`!’ sk` sjln lm j obigbt~lmh ~bm`- Njtjps jnn`n jmn

epi`n bw`t k`t a`hs jmn opta`n p lm gtbm~ bg Mlds“ s~bijok-

‑L ~klmf |bp kjw` ijn` j m`x gtl`mn Mlds!’ sjln _jmntj-

Jg~`t ~k` obiib~lbm bg ~t|lmh ~b glmn Njtjps ^lmj obm~lmp`n! ‑Jmn ~k`m ~b glmn ~kj~ |bp

mb~ bma| pmn`ts~bbn ~k` xbtan bg ~k` hkbs~ dp~ jasb t`sò~`n l~ `mbphk ~b jo~pjaa| pmn`ts~jmn

~kj~ ~b sptwlw` lm l~ |bp ips~ d` sflaa`n lm ijm| bg ~k` jt`js x` jat`jn| pmn`ts~bbn! ~kj~ xjs

~bb hbbn ~b d` ~tp`-’

‑L jht`` xl~k ^lmj kpm!’ sjln _jmntj js Jds ibw`n bm` bg ~k` abhs jmn ajo`n j sòbmn

bm l~ sb ~k` ìd`ts xbpan k`j~ jmn nt| l~! ‑|bp jt` bm` hbbn abbflmh hlta xl~k ~k` sflaas jmn

j~~l~pn` ~b dbb~-

‑Gtbi ~k` glts~ nj| L sjx |bp lm sokbba! L gàa lm abw` xl~k |bp Mlds! dp~ js L sjln mb~ xl~k

~k` ija` w`tslbm bg |bp! dp~ gtbi |bpt s~btl`s! |bp kjn j ht`j~ alg` jmn ab~s bg gpm j~ ~li`s! dp~

~k` gìja` sln` bg |bp- L nlnm“~ t`jals` j~ ~k` ~li` ~kj~ |bpt gjila| x`t` ~tjwàalmh obm~tjo~bts

gbt @ddsp- ^kj~ L bma| gbpmn bp~ aj~`t- Db~k ^lmj jmn Jds xlaa ~àa |bp! ~k`| kjn ~b sbi`~li`s

jaibs~ k|slojaa| kban i` djof dòjps` L xjm~`n ~b hb jmn tb~ò~ |bp gtbi ~k` dpaa|lmh! dp~

np` ~b ~k` tpa`s hjmhs kjw` ~b jdln` d| xk`m j~~`mnlmh ~k` sokbba! i`jm~ L xjsm“~ jda` ~b-’

‑Js L sjln j ajs~ x``f kpm! xkj~ |bp nln xjs jaa |bp obpan nb!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑L ~klmf l~“s j

s~pln tpa`-’

‑Ls l~! dp~ o`m~tja sj|s l~ sjw`s ~k` sokbbas gtbi d`lmh tjls`n ~b ~k` htbpmn d| ~k` nlgg`t`m~

hjmhs tb~ò~lmh mbm)hjmh iìd`ts eps~ ‛ojps` ~k`| alf` ~kì bt j~~joflmh b~k`t hjmhs! ‛ojps`

~k`| jt` tb~ò~lmh sbi`bm` ~k` glts~ hjmh kj~`s-’

‑\`jk bf!’ sk` sjln js sk` glaa`n k`t i`ss ~lm jmn ntb`n lm sbi` a`jw`s sk` kjn

obaaò~`n `jtal`t- _k` ~k`m ajo`n l~ d`~x``m j obpa` bg sijaa tbofs jmn ntjhh`n sbi` bg ~k`ìd`ts sb ~k`| x`t` pmn`t ~k` i`ss ~lm k`j~lmh l~-

‑Bm j obpa` bg boojslbms L kjn ~b s~b i|sàg gtbi apilmh j g`x bg ~k` dpaal`s gbt ~k`



4>:

skl~ ~k`| p~ |bp ~ktbphk- L kjn d``m jda` ~b api Hjt| j g`x ~li`s! dp~ js iìd`ts bg ~k`

Hjmhtàs jmn jasb ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms x` m``n`n ~b f`` j abx tbgla`! js x` sòlglojaa| jt` mb~

`{jo~a| alf`n d| ^k` Jo`s- Nb |bp fmbx sbi`~klmh! m`{~ Hjmhtà hj~k`tlmh L nb ~klmf sbi`bm`

skbpan dtlmh p ~k` lssp` bg ^k` Jo`s jmn xkj~ ~k` gpof jt` x` hblmh ~b nb jdbp~ ~kì2’ sjln

Jds-

‑L ~klmf Hjt| ls jat`jn| ~b a`jw` ~kì jg~`t ~k` glmja ij~ok!’ sjln ^lmj js sk` ~bbf bp~ j

djh bg ijssjlii`t silalmh-

‑Nb`s jm|bm` fmbx kbx k` lm~`mns ~b a`jw` ~k` Jo`s2’ jsf`n Sjpa- K` sjx ~k` djh jmn

jasb sila`n-

‑Mb L nbm“~ ~klmf k`“s ijn` jm| ajms |`~- L ~klmf k` xjm~s ~b h`~ ~ktbphk ~k` aj|)bgg

hji`s jmn jo~pjaa| h`~ ~b ~k` glmja glts~!’ tàl`n ^lmj js sk` b`m`n l~ jmn ~bbf ~k` sl~ jmn

s~pof j g`x bm l~ jmn kàn l~ bw`t ~k` k`j~ jmn sijaa gaji`s ~kj~ x`t` aloflmh jtbpmn ~k` tb`n

abh-

‑^kj~ xlaa d` lm~`t`s~lmh6 x` jt` ajmmlmh bm spbt~lmh ~k` ~`ji lg ~k`| nb h`~ ~b ~k`

glmja js L fmbx ~k` ij~ok xlaa d` aj|`n j~ ^k` _ptjdjm Nbi`2’ Mlds jsf`n-

‑Bk n`glml~à|!’ sjln ~k` ~kt`` hltas-

‑Nb`s jm|bm` fmbx xk`m ~k` m`{~ Hjmhtà hj~k`tlmh xlaa d`2’ jsf`n ^lmj! ‑l~“s d``m j

xkla` slmo` ~k` `m~lt` hjmh i``~ p-’

‑L ~klmf _jtjk“s bthjmlslmh j hj~k`tlmh iln)Jpjt L ~klmf bm :<~k bt 43~k Jpjt!’ tàl`n_jmntj-

‑L kb` sb dòjps` l~ xbpan d` j hbbn ~li` gbt ~k` tbdaìs sbi` bg ~k` Mbt~k _~`wtjm

pml~s kjw` d``m kjwlmh xl~k ~k` aboja hjmh bpaj~lbm! l~ xjsm“~ jlt`n jmn okj~~`n jdbp~ j~ ~k`

ajs~ obpmola i``~lmh- Xklok obi` ~b ~klmf jdbp~ l~ xjs bw`t sl{ ibm~ks jhb-’

‑Xkj~ x` nlnm“~ h`~ ~ban jdbp~ ~k` ajs~ obpmola i``~lmh2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑Xkj~ ajs~ i``~lmh! ~k` ajs~ bm` x` hb~ ~ban jdbp~ xjs sl{ ibm~ks jhb!’ sjln _jmntj!

‑dòjps` |bp fmbx lg L fmbx bg j obpmola i``~lmh L jaxj|s ~t| jmn hb-’‑\bp tììd`t xk`m x` hb~ |bpt dlf` Mlds!’ sjln ^lmj js sk` ~bbf ~k` sl~ bgg ~k` glt`

jmn ~bbf j dl~` gtbi ~k` `mn ijssjlii`t- _k` ~k`m bgg`t`n ~k` sl~ ~b Jds xkb ~bbf ~k` m`{~

bm` jmn ~bbf ~k` sl~ jmn bgg`t`n Sjpa ~k` ajs~ bm`- K` ~bbf l~ jmn ~k`m kàn l~ sb ^lmj obpan p~

~kt`` ibt` bm- K` ~k`m kàn l~ bw`t ~k` glt`-

‑\`jk! _jtjk xjs j~ ~k` oapd ^|dljs ~bbf ps ~b! sk` kjn eps~ d``m lm j i``~lmh xl~k j

aboja hjmh dbss! jdbp~ ~k` Hjmhtàs spbt~lmh kls hjmh lm l~s tbdaìs xl~k ~k` b~k`t aboja

hjmhs-’

‑\`jk! sk` kjn ~k` obpmola“s jtbwja ~b b`m ~k` jtibpt| ~b ~k` hjmh jmn ~b spdslnls`

~k` gbpt pml~s ~k` hjmh kjn ìab|`n lm spbt~!’ sjln ^lmj-



‑^kj~ x`t`m“~ bm ~k` jh`mnj bg ~k` ajs~ i``~lmh L x`m~ ~b bt fm`x jdbp~!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑^kj~“s mb~ alf` _jtjk ~b mb~ ìjla J)tj~`n pml~ obiijmn`ts jdbp~ obpmola i``~lmhs!’

sjln Jds xk`m sk` kjn ì~l`n k`t ibp~k- ‑^kjmf |bp kpm! ~kj~ kjs mloà| oj`n ~k` nj|-’

‑\`s l~ kjs jmn w`t| ~tp`! ~kls nb`s m``n ~b d` dtbphk~ p w`t| sbbm!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Xkj~“s ~kls jdbp~ pml~s gtbi ~k` mbt~k bg ~k` _~`wtjm kjwlmh tbdaìs2’ Mlds jsf`n-

‑\`jk! |bp skbpan fmbx ~kls js l~ obpan i`jm j g`x Hjmhtà a`n xjt ubm`s- _bi` bg ~k`

hjmhs gtbi ~k` Mbt~k _ln` kjw` d``m p~~lmh ~k` d`j~s bm sbi` bg ~k` Hjmhtà pml~s ~kj~ b`tj~`

lm ~k` jt`j- Ibs~ kjw` xl~k ntjxm sbp~k bg ~k` tlw`t- J g`x tbjns jxj| ls jmb~k`t Hjmhtà pml~!

~k` Ij~~`tkbtms! j oabs` jssjpa~ ~`ji!’ obm~lmp`n Jds-

Jg~`t j g`x ibt` kbpts bg okj~~lmh jdbp~ hjmhs! lssp`s sbi` hjmhs kjw` xl~k b~k`ts jmn

~k` Hjmhtàs jmn kbx ~k`| gl~ lm ~b ~k` _ptjdjm hjmh so`m`- ^k` htbp ~k`m d`nn`n nbxm lm~b

~k`lt sa``lmh djhs jmn okj~~`n xklas~ xj~oklmh ~k` glt` js l~ sabxa| dptm~ ~ktbphk ~k` xbbn-

Js `w`t|bm` xjs sabxa| ntlg~lmh bgg ~b sa`` Mlds sphh`s~`n! ‑Lg |bp xjf` okòf ~k` glt`!

hlw` l~ j s~lt jmn l~ g``n ibt` xbbn-’

‑Bf!’ oji` `w`t|bm`“s tà|-

%%%%%



4>?

Okj~`t 43

Lm ~k` ibtmlmh! Jds xjs ~k` glts~ ~b xjf` jmn sk` s~ltt`n ~k` glt` ~b alg` jhjlm- _k` ~k`m

s~pof sbi` xj~`t bm gbt j kb~ ntlmf- _k` xjmn`t`n bw`t ~b ~k` ~xb kpmh flaas sk` obpan s`` ~k`bm` sk` kjn dp~ok`t`n xjs sibf`"jlt nt|lmh mloà| jmn ~k` b~k`t kjn glmlsk`n ntllmh dabbn

gtbi ~k` ntl- _k` ~k`m k`jn`n ~b ~k` stlmh ~b glaa ~k` xj~`t db~~a`s- Njtjps! xkb abbf`n alf` k`

kjnm“~ ibw`n ~k` `m~lt` mlhk~! s~t`~ok`n jmn abbf`n bw`t j~ k`t- K` hb~ ~b kls gbpt a`hs jmn

gbaabx`n k`t nbxm ~b ~k` s~t`ji s~loflmh kls mbs` lm~b ~k` xj~`t- K` aj`n p j hbbn ntlmf bg

~k` gt`sk oban xj~`t- _k` glaa`n ~k` xj~`t db~~a`s jmn ~k`m ~k` jlt xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` ojisl~`-

Mlds jmn _jmntj xk t` db~k s~lttlmh jmn xk`m sk` kjn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ojisl~` Mlds s~t ~ok`n

jmn |jxm`n k`tsàg jxjf`-

‑Abbfs alf` x` kjw` jaa ijn` j gtl`mn!’ sjln Mlds abbflmh j~ k`t jmn Njtjps-

‑_b xkj~“s ~k` ajm ~k`m gbt ~k` nj|2’ jsf`n Sjpa js k` b`m`n kls `|`s-

‑Mb~ hb~ bm` b~k`t ~kjm x` kjn d`~~`t h`~ djof js ~bibttbx ls ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` g`s~lwja

s`~p- L xbpan alf` ~b h`~ ~b ~kj~ jg~`t j hbbn mlhk~s sa`` lm j tb`t d`n!’ sjln _jmntj-

^lmj ~k`m b`m`n k`t `|`s jmn sjln! ‑Xkj~ ls ~k` ~li`2’

‑Jdbp~ 37533 L ~klmf!’ Jds tàl`n- _k` ~ptm`n jmn lof`n p bm` bg ~k` i`ss ~lms sb sk`

obpan bpt j dl~ bg ~k` obaaò~`n gj~ lm~b l~- _k` ~k`m ajo`n ~k` i`ss ~lm lm ~k` sji` aboj~lbm js

Mlds kjn ps`n ~k` t wlbps w`mlmh ~b k`j~ p ~k` ajs~ ~`j- Pslmh ~k` kpm~lmh fmlg` ~k`| jaa kjn

~jf`m js j jt~ bg ~k` djslo sptwlwja `zpli`m~ sk` op~ `lhk~ s~tls bg i`j~ gtbi ~k` dp~ok`t`n

ojtojss jmn s~jt~`n ~b gt| ~kì- Js ~k` i`ss ~lm xbpan bma| jaabx k`t ~b gt| ~xb lò`s j~ j ~li`

Sjpa jmn ^lmj hb~ ~k` glts~ ~xb lò`s! jg~`t ~k`| x`t` ~kbtbphka| obbf`n- Mlds x`m~ jdbp~

dblalmh p sbi` \jaaljiilpi ~`j gtbi ~k` g`x j~ok`s bg \jaaljiilpi sk` kjn gbpmn m`jt ~k`

s~t`ji- Jtbpmn 3;533DM ~k` htbp dtbf` oji d| obw`tlmh ~k` glt` l~ jmn jasb ibwlmh ~k`

abhs jmn ajolmh ~kì lm ~k` pmn`thtbx~k- Js ~k` htbp a`g~ Mlds bsl~lbm abof`n ~k` sl~` sb lg

~k`| xjm~`n ~b ~k`| obpan t`~ptm ~b l~ `jsla|- ^k`| k`jn`n djof lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` kbps`6

~k`| sbi`~li`s kpm~`n! sbi`~li`s mb~- ^k` tbp~` Mlds a`n ~k`m bm ijn` spt` ~k`| lof`n p

_jmntj“s flaa-

J~ jdbp~ 3?533JM ~k`| jttlw`n djof j~ ~k` kbps` jmn jaa glw` kjn j flaa ~b ~k`lt mji`-

Njtjps abw`n ~k` t`~ptm! dbpmnlmh jtbpmn! kàlmh lm ~k` kpm~lmh xk`m k` xjs jda` ~b-

‑Glts~ ebd xk`m x` h`~ djof ls ~b sbi`kbx t`s`tw` ~k` i`j~!’ _jmntj sjln js ~k` htbp

m`jt`n ~k` kbps`-

‑\`jk ~kj~“s ~tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds- ‑X` kjn d`~~`t dp~ok`t ~k` i`j~ d`gbt` x` a`jw` jmn

t| x` ojm glmn j gt`ù`t dlh `mbphk ~b ~jf` jaa ~k` i`j~- L ~klmf ~k` dp~ok`tlmh skbpan d` nbm`



bp~ gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps`- L~ xlaa sjw` bm ~k` i`ss-’

‑Jht``n! L“aa hlw` |bp sbi` kà xl~k l~!’ sjln ^lmj! jmn xjs gbaabx`n d| db~k _jmntj

jmn Jds jht``lmh ~b kà! js l~ xbpan h`~ l~ nbm` zplof`t- _bi` bg ~k` xbtf obpan d` a`g~ gbt

~bibttbx-

Js ~k`| jtbjok`n ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps`! ~k` gtbm~ nbbt b`m`n jmn D`` oji` tpmmlmh

bp~ bg l~ jmn xjs oabsà| gbaabx`n d| Jmhàlzp`-

‑Xkj~ ~k` kàa ls hblmh bm2’ _jmntj sjln ~b Mlds-

‑\`jk xkj~2’ t`sbmn`n Mlds jmn Sjpa

‑Kàab hp|s!’ D`` sjln js sk` tjm js~ ~k` htbp-

‑Hbbn kpm~ L s``````‧!’ Jmhàlzp` sjln js sk` s~jt~`n ~b tpm jg~`t t`hjlmlmh k`t gbb~ gjaa

djajmo` jg~`t ~tllmh bgg ~k` ajs~ s~` jmn jaibs~ ajmnlmh bm jaa gbpts-

^k` htbp ntb`n ~k` gbpt flaas jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` dp~ok`t`n i`j~ j~ ~k` gbb~ bg ~k` s~jlts

p ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- Js ~k`| s~jt~`n p ~k` s~`s Jmhà jmn Njil`à oji` bp~ bg ~k` nbbt jmn

~k` a`j~ bw`t ~k` tjlalmhs `wla halm~s jmn sila`s aj|lmh lm ~k`lt gjo`s- ^k` s~jt~`n jg~`t D`` jmn

Jmhàlzp`

Js jaa glw` xjaf`n lm ~b ~k` ijlm kbps` ~k`| sjx Njtaj jmn Ils~| xk`t` sj~ a`hs

lm~`t~xlm`n jmn kjmn lm kjmn- Htù~ jmn Tjokà xk`t` bp~ bm ~k` w`tjmnj-

‑W`t| s~tjmh`!’ Mlds zpl`~a| sjln ~b mb bm`-

Njtjps dbpmn`n bw`t ~b xk`t` Ils~| jmn Njtaj x`t` sl~~lmh-

Ils~| alg~`n k`t k`jn jmn s~jt`n j~ Njtjps js k` dbpmn`n bw`t jmn hlw` ~k`m db~k j sab|

flss- _k` sjln jg~`t sap~~`tlmh jmn xllmh k`t ibp~k- ‑Kl kpm~`ts! |bp“w` t`~ptm`n xl~kbp~ jm|

flaas jmn ~kls ls m`x2’ jsf`n Ils~| zp`s~lbmjda| abbflmh j~ ~kì-

‑Mb glw` flaas! x` a`g~ ~kì bp~sln` ~b sjw` obm~jilmj~lbm bg ~k` kbps`- \`jk i``~ Njtjps

x` gbpmn lm ~k` gbt`s~ oabs` ~b xk`t` x` oji`n ajs~ mlhk~!’ Mlds sjln

‑Jm| ln`j xkj~ sbt~ bg opd2 Jmn l~“s mb~ j hbbn ln`j ~b ~jf` xlan jmlijas gtbi ~k`

mj~ptja `mwltbmi`m~-’ Ils~| jsf`n js sk` hb~ p bgg Njtaj! xkb jasb hb~ p jmn xjaf`n bw`t ~b

_jmntj-

‑A`~“s eps~ sj| l~ jnb~`n ps!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~k`m sjln jg~`t hlwlmh Njtjps j ~j bm ~k`

mbs` xl~k k`t glts~ glmh`t- ‑Kjw` kli gbt j xkla` xklas~ L jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ps hb jmn h`~ oa`jm`n

jmn dp~ok`t ~k` flaas-’

‑Tlhk~! ~kjmfs Mlds! L“aa ~t| jmn glmn xkj~ sbt~ bg opd l~ ls- L xbpan sj| l~s sbi` gbti bg

xbag opd! dp~ x` kjw` ~kt`` nlgg`t`m~ xbaw`s lm ~k` ibpm~jlms jmn gbt`s~s!’ sjln Njtaj js sk`

xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` dbbf skàw`s-‑Lg jm|bm` xjm~s ~b g``n kli ~k`| ojm! l~ nb`s kjw` sbi` ~``~k sb x`“w` d``m g``nlmh kli

w`t| glmà| op~p tjx i`j~ gtbi ~k` flaas-’



4>0

‑Xk`t` jt` |bp hblmh ~b dp~ok`t ~kì2’ jsf`n Ils~|-

‑Bp~sln` L ~klmf xbpan d` d`~~`t!’ Mlds tàl`n-

‑@{oàa`m~! |bp xjm~ jm| kà2’ jsf`n Ils~|-

‑\`jk! ibt` kjmns ~k` d`~~`t js x` jt` ajmmlmh bm kàlmh ~b s`~p j g`s~lwja gtbi

~bibttbx- Bk |`s! |bp hp|s jt` lmwl~`n ~b eblm ps lg |bp xlsk!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑L~“s ~k` g`s~lwja i|

ipi jmn njn kà`n j~ sb L“i hblmh ~b kà jmn ij|d` oj~ok p xl~k gtl`mns jmn ~klmhs-’ _k`

gbaabx`n Mlds jmn _jmntj nbxm ~k` tji ~b ~k` Jtibpt|-

%%%%%

Jg~`t jdbp~ ~x`m~| ilmp~`s jaa glw` kpm~`ts j`jt`n gtbi ~k` jtibpt| lm ~k` dj~k tbd`s

~k`| kjn xbtm |`s~`tnj| ibtmlmh- ^k`| jaa nlsj`jt`n p ~b ~k` d`ntbbis ~b p~ sbi` ibt`

jtbtlj~` oab~k`s bm! ~k`| ~k`m jaa oji` jmn sj~ nbxm gbt j sibf` jmn j dl~ bg tàj{lmh d`gbt`

~k`| s~jt~`n dp~ok`tlmh jmn sflmmlmh ~k` flaas- Jg~`t _jmntj kjn glmlsk`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`

sk` kjn tbaa`n sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m jmn okòf`n ~k` obgg`` ijoklm` xjs bm- ‑Obgg``

hp|s2’ _jmntj jsf`n-

‑Okjl a`js`! ~kjmfs kpm!’ jmsx`t`n Mlds-

‑\`jk ~kjmfs _jmntj!’ db~k Jds jmn ^lmj tàl`n-

‑\bp nlnm“~ kjw` j okblo` djd`! ~kj~“s xkj~ L ji nblmh6 lg |bp xjm~ sbi`~klmh às` |bpnb l~**’ _jmntj sltl~`na| sjln xl~k j sila` bm k`t gjo`-

Mlds hb~ p jmn k jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m jmn sila`n js sk` jss`n _jmntj- _k` ajo`n k`t

kjmn bm k`t tlhk~ dp~~bof jmn hjw` l~ j szp`ù` j~ ~k` sji` ~li`-

‑Bk! ii!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn ~ptm`n ~b s`` Mlds xlmf j~ k`t-

‑L“aa ~klmf jdbp~ l~ kpm-’

Mlds abbf`n aj|gpaa| nbxm! js sk` fm`x _jmntj xjs aj|lmh! dp~ Mlds xjm~`n ~b h`~ ~k`|`s bp~ bg k`t-

‑L~“s mb~ hblmh ~b xbtf kpm!’ sjln _jmntj xl~k j sila`-

‑Bf ~k`m!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! jmn obm~lmp`n ~b t`jt` j op bg Okjl gbt k`tsàg-

‑\bp ~xb jt` ~xb t`ja abw`ts jt`m“~ |bp!’ sjln Njtaj xk`m sk` jmn _jmntj t`~ptm`n

ojtt|lmh ~k` obgg``“s- Njtaj sj~ djof nbxm s~laa kbanlmh Njtjps jmn ojtt|lmh j dbbf-

‑Njtjps obi` k`t`!’ sk` sjln- Njtjps epi`n nbxm gtbi Njtaj“s aj jmn ~bbf ~xb

dbpmnlmh epis jmn ajmn`n lm k`t jtis-

‑Tlhk~! xkj~ L ojm ~àa |bp l~ kjs jm Jadlmb xbag“s `|`s jmn ~k` ^lid`t xbag“s opd gpt-

^kj~“s jdbp~ js gjt js L ojm ~àa |bp-’



‑Ii! lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln- ‑Xàa jm|xj|! xk`m L“w` glmlsk`n ~kls L“i hblmh ~b h`~ ~k`

dp~ok tlmh jmn oa`jmlmh tbo`ss s~jt~`n-’

‑\`jk ~tp`! `sòljaa| xl~k ~k` g`s~lwja s`~p s~jt~lmh ~bibttbx!’ sjln Njtaj- ‑Bm` dbmps

~k` wjms jt` t`jn| ~b hb! ~k`| jaa mbx kjw` ojilmh h`jt jmn h`m`tja bp~nbbt spal`s abjn`n!

jaa ~kj~“s hb~ ~b hb bm ls bpt sòljals~ h`jt! jtibpt jmn x`jbms-’

‑^kj~“s jm `js| ebd gbt ~bibttbx ibtmlmh!’ sjln Jds-

Pbm glmlsklmh k`t okjl! sk` hb~ p jmn nlsj`jt`n lm ~b ~k` Jtibpt|- _k` k`jn`n gbt j

sijaa sò~lbm m`jt ~k` gjt~k`s~ obtm`t! sk` kjn s``m xkj~ abbf`n alf` sbi` h`m`tja sptwlwja

`zpli`m~ jmn lmoapn`n xjs j dp~ok`tlmh jmn sflmmlmh fl~- _k` htjdd`n j obia`~` fl~ jmn jasb

j obpa` bg skjt fmlw`s- _k` ~k`m x`m~ ~b xk`t` sk` kjn p~ k`t fl~ jmn ~bbf k`t ijok`~` jmn

s~jt~`n djof p ~k` tji- _k` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` jssjh`xj|! sk` sila`n j~ `w`t|bm` jmn ~ptm`n

~bxjtns ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- _k` xjaf`n p ~k` s~jlts jmn ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt- Bp~sln` sk` k`jn`n gbt

~k` hjtjh` jmn gbpmn bm` bg ~k` ajth`s~ ~jts! sk` ajln l~ bm ~k` htbpmn lm gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps`- _k`

~bbf _jmntj“s flaa ajln l~ bm ~k` ~tj! sk` sxpmh ~k` ijok`~` jmn tìbw`n ~k` k`jn! ~kls xjs

zplofa| gbaabx`n d| k`t tìbwlmh ~k` kbbgs bg ~k` Pal~- _k` ajo`n ~k` ijok`~` bm ~k` htbpmn

jmn ~bbf ~k` ajth`t bg ~k` ~xb fmlw`s ntjhhlmh l~ nbxm ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` ok`s~ jmn s~bijok xjaa-

^k` dajn` `jsla| salo`n ~ktbphk ~k` sflm jmn ipsoa`- W`t| zplofa| sk` kjn j op~ tpmmlmh gtbi

~k` djs` bg ~k` mòf ~b ~k` jmlija“s `mls-

_k` abbf`n p jmn sjx _jmntj kjn j`jt`n bm ~k` w`tjmnj jmn xjs s~bbn xj~oklmh k`t

xbtf- _k` s~b`n jmn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh` jmn ~bbf j ajth` dpof`~ jmn j jlt bg habw`s- _k`

xjaf`n djof jmn sal`n k`t kjmn lm~b ~k` lm~`tmja ojwl~| jmn paa`n ~k` hp~s! apmhs jmn k`jt~

bp~ ~k`| ntb`n lm~b ~k` dpof`~- _k` t`jok`n lm gbt j sòbmn ~li` jmn paa`n ~k` dabbn w`ssàs

gtbi ~k` mòf jmn alid ipsoa`s- ^k` ajs~ |jmf paa`n ~k` obabm jmn ~k` dajnn`t ~pd` jxj|-

_k` ~k`m abbf`n p jmn sjx Jds jmn Njtaj x`t` s~bbn xjl~lmh gbt ~k` ojtojss sb ~k`|

obpan s~jt~ sflmmlmh l~-

%%%%%

Jds jmn Njtaj xjaf`n bp~ jmn k`jn`n nbxm ~k` s~jlts! xklas~ Njtaj xjl~`n gbt Mlds ~b

glmlsk tbo`sslmh ~k` glts~ jmlija Jds xjaf`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh` jmn obaaò~`n j sòbmn jmn ~kltn

~jt jmn ajln bm` bg ~kì bm ~k` htbpmn gbt Njtaj jmn j sòbmn gbt j ~kltn s`~ bg `ba` ~b xbtf

bm-

Jg~`t aj|lmh bp~ ~k` ~kltn ~jt sk` x`m~ djof ~b kà Njtaj jmn js Mlds jss`n ~k` mbx

hp~~`n jmlija ~b ~kì sk` tììd`t`n! ‛^k` kln` gtbi |`s~`tnj|s nlmm`t-“ _k` k`jn`n djof lm~b ~k` kbps` jmn nbxm ~b ~k` Jtibpt|! xk`t` ~k`| kjn p~ ~k`lt s~pgg- _k` ~bbf bp~ ~k` sflm

sk` kjn sflmm`n gtbi |`s~`tnj|s nlmm`t jmn k`jn`n djof ~b ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` kbps` xl~k l~-



4>8

_k` xjaf`n js~ Njtaj jmn Ils~| js ~k`| tìbw`n ~k` sflm gtbi ~k` sòbmn jmlija- _k`

xjaf`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh` jmn ~bbf glw` `hs jmn j a`mh~k bg obtn- _k` oji` bp~ jmn sk` gbto`n ~k`

glw` `hs lm jmn j~~jok`n ~k` sflm ~b gbpt bg ~k` `hs d| l~s gbpt alids jmn ~b ~k` glg~k d| l~s

mòf- _k` ~k`m xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` hjtjh` jmn obaaò~`n j s`~ bg bw`t ~tbps`ts jmn sal`n ~kì

bw`t k`t ~tbps`ts- Js sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b xjaf bp~ sk` sjx ^lmj jmn _jmntj s~jmnlmh bp~sln`

xjl~lmh gbt k`t-

‑\bp ~xb k`t` ~b kà bt xj~ok2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` hjtjh`-

‑Kà lg |bp ojm ps` ps!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk L ojm! gbaabx i` jmn!’ sk` abbf`n j~ ~k` jlt jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑|bp ij| xjm~ ~b p~

bm sbi` bw`t ~tbps`ts! dòjps` sotjlmh ~k` gj~ gtbi ~k` lmsln` bg ~k` sflm ls mb~ a`jsjm~ jmn

ls tj~k`t siàa|-’

‑Bf!’ sjln ~k` jlt jmn ~k`| k`jnlmh lm~b ~k` hjtjh`-

Jds xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` djh xjs jmn ~bbf bp~ ~xb gj~ sotj`ts! sk` tjm k`t ~kpid jotbss

~k` `nh` jmn gà~ xkj~ sk` xjm~`n ~b g`à! j w`t| skjt dajn`- _k` abbf`n nbxm ~k` `nh` jmn

sjx ~kj~ l~ xjs lmot`nlda| glm`! jmn ~k` `nh` bm db~k sln`s xjs balsk`n- _k` ~ptm`n jmn sjx

db~k ~k` hltas s~jmnlmh xjl~lmh jok x jtlmh j jlt bg bw`t ~tbps`ts- _k` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~kì

jmn sjln! ‑Xkj~ x` jt` hblmh ~b nb ls sotj` ~k` ajs~ bg ~k` ipsoa`s jmn gj~ gtbi ~k` lmsln` bg

~k` sflm-’

_k` fmà~ nbxm jmn ajo`n ~k` sotj`t j~ j w`t| skjaabx jmha` jmn ~bbf j glai bg ipsoa`jmn gj~ gtbi ~k` sflm- ‑^kls xlaa ~jf` j xkla` js mb gj~ bt ipsoa` ojm tìjlm js l~ xlaa s~jt~ ~b

nòbibs` jmn xlaa s~lmf ~b klhk k`jw`m-’

Js ~k` ~kt`` xjaf`n ~bxjtns xk`t` Jds kjn `hh`n bp~ ~k` glts~ sflm _jmntj jsf`n!

‑Xkj~ jt` ~k` ps`s gbt ~k` sflms2’

‑Ps`s jt` ijm|!’ tàl`n Mlds js sk` xjaf`n bw`t jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k` hp~~lmh tbo`ss bm

jaa gbpt ojtojs`s- ‑_flms bm sbi` ntpis jt` ijn` gtbi jmlija sflms- _bi` opa~pt`s ps` sflms

gbt oab~klmh! o`tìbmlja sl~pj~lbms- ^k` ps`s j sflm ojm d` p~ ~bb jt` mpi`tbps-’Jds abbf`n j~ xk`t` Mlds kjn d``m xbtflmh jmn sjx Sjpa xjs lm ~k` tbo`ss bg hp~~lmh

~k` ajs~ jmlija-

‑L oji` bw`t ~b sphh`s~ ~kj~ x`!’ Mlds lmnloj~`n ~k` jlt bg ~kì! ‑X` skbpan abbf j~

dp~ok tlmh ~k` ojtojss s-’

‑^kj~ xbpan d` j hbbn ln`j- Kbx jdbp~ j ajth` glt` ~b oà`dtj~` j w`t| spoo`ssgpa x``f L

~klmf!’ sk` sjln js sk` xjaf`n xl~k Mlds ~b ~k` ajs~ ~jt-

D``! Tjokà! Jmhàlzp`! Jmhà jmn Njil`à t`~ptm`n jg~`t ~k`| kjn glmlsk`n xkj~ `w`t

kjn d``m kj`mlmh- Jds s~b`n jmn ~ptm`n ~b ~k` glw` jmn sjln! ‑X` jt` hblmh ~b alhk~ j glt`

jmn ~k`t`gbt` x` m``n xbbn ab~s bg xbbn-’



‑Bf!’ tàl`n D`` jmn Jmhàlzp` jmn ~k`| db~k mbx kjn sila`s bm ~k`lt gjo`s- ^k` glw`

eps~ nlsj`jt n lm~b ~k` gbt s~ spttbpmnlmh ~k` kbps -

Jg~`t ~k` glw` kjn hbm` Jds ~ptm`n jmn nt`x k`t kpm~lmh fmlg`- _k` lof`n p bm` bg ~k`

jmlijas jmn tlmh`n ~k` klmn zpjt~`ts xl~k ~k` ~l- _k` ~k`m ajo`n ~k` kjmn ojtt|lmh ~k` fmlg`

jhjlms~ ~k` sln` jmn xl~k ~k` a`g~ kjmn sk` htl`n ~k` a`h m`jt ~k` kl jt`j- _k` ~k`m paa`n ~k`

a`h jxj| gtbi ~k` dbn|- _k` ~k`m glmlsk`n ~k` op~ jmn ~k`m pslmh j obmsln`tjda| ibt` t`sspt`

sk` salo`n ~ktbphk ~k` ipsoa` jmn ~`mnbms sk` zplofa| t`jok`n ~k` eblm~ jmn k`t` sk` paa`n l~

jxj|-

‑_kjaa L!’ sjln Sjpa gtbi jdbw` k`t-

_k` abbf`n p jmn sjx Sjpa s~bbn ~k`t` ojtt|lmh ~k` ijok`~`- ‑\`jk ~kjmfs!’ sk` sjln

jmn tìbw`n k`t kjmn-

Sjpa d`m~ nbxm jmn jg~`t ajolmh ~k` `nh` bg ~k` dajn` xk`t` k` xjm~`n ~k` op~ ~b hb- K`

sxpmh p jmn dtbphk~ ~k` dajn` nbxm kjtn jhjlms~ ~k` eblm~! xklok oji` jjt~ gpaa| xk`m Sjpa

~ptm`n ~k` dajn` sb xln`mlmh ~k` hj- ‑L ~klmf Mlds t`g`ts k`t i`~kbn! dp~ ~k` ijok`~` xbtfs

j~ hblmh ~ktbphk eblm~s sb xàa xk| mb~ ps` l~-’

‑Gbt ~kls xbtf! Sjpa ~k` sijaa`t dbmlmh fmlg` ls j dp~ok`t“s t`g`tt`n x`jbm! xl~k j

tjubt skjt fmlg` L ojm s~tl ~k` i`j~ jxj| jmn ~k`m f`` ~k` eblm~ lm~jo~ tj~k`t ~kjm bsslda|

skj~~`t`n- ^k` w`t| jo~lbm bg j sxlmh dtlmh bsslda` lmk`t`m~ `ttbts- Sjpa nlnm“~ |bp mb~lo` L

sxl~ok`n dajn`s xk`m L oji` ~b jo~pjaa| b`mlmh ~k` hp~s p-’

Sjpa xjaf`n bw`t ~b xk`t` Mlds xjs dp~ok`tlmh j ojtojps- Mlds kjn ibw`n gtbi ~k` klmn

zpjt~`ts ~b ~k` gbt` a`h jt`j! xk`t` sk` ijn` jm lml~lja n`` op~ jmn nt`x l~ jtbpmn ~k` ~b bg

~k` skbpan`t jmn djof ~b ~k` bbsl~` sln`- _k` ~k`m paa`n ~k` alid jxj| jmn glmlsk`n ~k` op~-

_k` ~k`m s~tbf`n ~k` dajn` ~ktbphk j sòbmn ~li` jmn xjs j~ ~k` eblm~ jmn j zplof xbtf bg ~k`

dajn` jtbpmn ~k` eblm~ l~ oji` jxj|-

‑\bp ps` ~k` k`jw| dajn`s xk`m |bp xjm~ tlds bt ~kj~ s~|a` bg i`j~ ijn` p-’

‑Bk!’ k` tàl`n js k` t`jalu`n ~kj~ ~k` wjtl`~| bg fmlw`s jm ban gjsklbm`n dp~ok`t kjn kjn

xjs gbt nlgg`t`m~ ebds lm ~k` t`jtj~lbm bg i`j~-

Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` bg xj~oklmh Mlds jmn Jds dp~ok`t ~k` jmlijas! k` sjx ~k` glw` hltas

obaaò~lmh xbbn kjn hj~k`t`n zpl~` j la` jmn k` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` l~ xjs jmn hj~k`t`n p jm jti

gpaa bg ~xlhs jmn sijaa dtjmok`s- K` ijn` j la` jmn pslmh kls dbb~ fmlg` k` ijn` skbt~ op~s

~kj~ ojps`n j sijaa dl~ bg ~k` dtjmok ~b tbaa jxj|! j skbt~ xkla` aj~`t k` kjn glw` jmn pslmh kls

alhk~`t k` al~ ~kì- K` ps`n ~k` sijaa`s~ ~xlhs ~b ijf` spt` ~k` flmnalmh s~j|`n al~ jmn xk`m

~k`s` x`t` dptmlmh xàa k` ps`n ~k` salhk~a| dlhh`t ~xlhs jmn tbht`sslwà| ajth`t dtjmok`spm~la ~k` glt` xjs xàa al~ jmn xjs kb~ `mbphk ~b nt| bp~ sbi` bg ~k` b~k`t abhs-



4><

Xkla` ~k` glt` xjs h`~~lmh s~jt~`n Jds xjs xj~oklmh Sjpa xl~k Mlds- _k` sjln! ‑L m`w`t

t`jalu`n kbx hbbn l~ g`às ~b jo~pjaa| d` ~`joklmh ~k` sflaas i| njn ~jphk~ i` ~b b~k`t `ba`!

`sòljaa| ~kbs` xlaalmh jmn xjm~lmh ~b a`jtm-’

Ht`~u xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` jlt jsflmh xk`m sk` xjs oabs` `mbphk! ‑\bp ajmmlmh bm

obm~lmplmh ~k` sotjlmh j~ ~k` g`s~lwja2’

‑\`jk! x`“aa kjw` ~b np` ~b ~k` bssldlal~| bg nòbibsl~lbm jmn ~k` siàa j~~tjo~lmh

sojw`mh`ts jmn ojttlbm `j~`ts-’

‑\bp ~kbphk~ jdbp~ kbx |bp jt` hblmh ~b hb jdbp~ l~2’

‑Mb! b~k`t ~kjm ps` ~k` sji` s|s~ì bg aj|lmh l~ bp~ jmn sotjlmh l~ ~kj~ xj|!’ sk`

tàl`n jg~`t s`mnlmh j obpa` bg sòbmns ~klmflmh jdbp~ l~-

‑Xk| mb~ ps` ~k` sln` bg ~k` wjms- Jaa |bp jt` hblmh ~b m``n ls j s~ptn| gtji` jmn |bp

ojm ~l` ~k` sflm ~b l~ jmn sotj ~kj~ xj|-’

‑^kj~ ls j hbbn ln`j Ht`~u!’ sk` tàl`n js Mlds xjaf`n ~b xk`t` _jmntj kjn s~bbn p-

Mlds ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn sjx Jds jmn Ht ~u db~k k`jnlmh gbt ~k` hjtjh` ~b dplan ~k` tlh

~k`| xbpan m``n xk`m j~ ~k` g`s~lwja- _k` ibw`n d`klmn k`t jmn htjdd`n k`t jtbpmn ~k` xjls~

jmn hjw` k`t j flss bm ~k` ok``f-

_jmntj ~ptm`n jmn flss`n k`t djof- _k` ~k`m paa`n jxj| jmn k`jn`n lm~b ~k` kbps` xl~k

^lmj ~b h`~ oa`jm`n p-_k` gbaabx`n k`t sb sk` obpan s~jt~ ~k` nlmm`t-

%%%%%

Jtbpmn 38533JM ibs~ bg ~k` gtl`mns x`t` bp~sln`! bma| Mlds jmn _jmntj x`t` lmsln` dp~

~k` xlmnbxs bg ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j x`t` b`m jmn ~k` alil~`n ipslo sàò~lbm gtbi k`t Nlhl~ja

Saj|`t obpan d` k`jtn aj|lmh gtbi ~k` xlmnbxs-^k`m ~k`| k`jtn ~k` sbpmn jm jtbjoklmh ib~btdlf`! sk` xbmn`t`n! ‛xkb obpan ~kj~

d`2“

K`t zp`s~lbm xjs sbbm jmsx`t`n xk`m Hjt| j`jt`n jtbpmn ~k` ajs~ d`mn jmn sabx`n-

K` jtf`n p xl~k ~k` b~k`t dlf`s jmn ~k` ~kt`` wjms! sj|lmh- ‑_btt| hp|s gbt mb~ ~àalmh |bp L

xjs obilmh djof ~kls `w`mlmh! ~k` objok kjs ntb`n i` gtbi ~k` ~`ji gbt ~k` m`{~ hji` bma|!

k` xjm~s i` djof gbt ~k` glmja! `sòljaa| jg~`t ajs~ mlhk~s `tgbtijmo`! :? bg bpt 40 blm~s

gtbi i| djaa kjmnalmh sflaas-’

‑_x``~! Hjt|!’ sk` ojaa`n gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m! ‑L“aa d` bp~ lm j ilmp~`-’ J skbt~ ~li` aj~`t

_jmntj jmn k`t j`jt`n gtbi ~k` gtbm~ nbbt ojtt|lmh j ajth` tbjs~lmh ~tj| xl~k j hbbn slu`n



bt~lbm bg i`j~ bm! sk` ~bbf l~ ~b ~k` glt` ~k`m obw`t`n l~ xl~k j ajth` i`~ja aln- _k` ajo`n l~ bm

~k` kb~ ìd`ts j~ ~k` sln` bg ~k` glt` jmn pslmh j s~lof sk` sotj`n sbi` bg ~k` ìd`ts sb ~k`|

x`t` spttbpmnlmh ~k` ~tj|- _jmntj j`jt`n ojtt|lmh j sjn` xklok sk` ~bbf jmn lof`n p

ibt` jmn ntb`n ~kì bm~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` tbjs~lmh ~tj| jmn aln- _k` ps`n ~k` sjn` jmn psk`n

l~ oabs`t ~b ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` glt` sb l~ xbpan s~j| kb~ jmn obm~lmp` ~b obbf ~k` eblm~-

Njtaj nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` kbps` jmn zplofa| t`~ptm`n xl~k j ~tjnl~lbmja obgg`` ijflmh

eph xklok sk` ajo`n j~ ~k` nh` bg ~k` glt` bm bm` bg ~k` kb~ s~bm s-

‑^àa ps ~k` abx nbxm jdbp~ ~kj~“s kj`mlmh j~ sokbba2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑Bf! L xlaa! hlw` i` j okjmo` ~b oklaa ~kj~“s j kjtn tln`-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj-

Jg~`t Hjt| kjn kjn j ntlmf jmn j sibf` k` obm~lmp`n! ‑\`jk! ^k` Jo`s xjm~ j|)djof

dlh ~li`! tpibpts kjw` l~ ~kj~ Ubæ jmn Ji| jt` ajmmlmh sbi`~klmh gbt db~k |bp jmn Jds!

_jmntj- Jmn _liblm` xjm~s kls skjn`s djof! Mlds-’

‑K` ojm kjw` ~kì lg k` ojm ~jf` ~kì gtbi i`!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds-

‑L ~kbphk~ ~kj~ xbpan d` |bpt jmsx`t ~b ~kj~-’

Jaa bg ~k` Wl{`ms ajphk`n j~ ~k` obii`m~- Ils~| ~k`m sjln! ‑Xk`m |bp hp|s hb k`jn ~b

k`jn! lmwl~` ps js ~kls dpmok sbpmn alf` ~k` m``n j hbbn s~t``~ floflmh-’

‑^k`| nb

‑\`jk! dtlmh l~ bm Jo`s! X`“w` flof`n ~kì j g`x ~li`s lm j xjt ubm`s! a`~s nb l~ oabs`

jmn `tsbmja!’ sjln Njtaj silalmh gtbi xkj~ k` obpan s``-

‑Gtbi xkj~ L“w` k`jtn! _libm ls ajphklmh j~ ~k` obiajlm~s! sj|lmh ~k`| dtbphk~ ~k` jlm

bm ~kìsàw`s gbt d`lmh dpaal`s! jmn ~kj~ `ba` xkb dpaa| sbi`~li`s h`~ ~k`lt obi`pjmo`-

Dp~ k` xlaa ijf` spt` jm| ~klmh ~k` Jo`s ajm ls js jdbw` dbjtn js k` ojm ijf` spt` l~ ls-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn ~b k`jt!’ sjln Jds-

‑\bp fmbx x` jt` jaa ajmmlmh bm obilmh ~b ~k` dlh hji` l~sàg!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑Mb! L xjs kblmh |bp xbpan nb ~kj~!’ k` tàl`n silalmh j~ ~k` gjo~ ~kj~ xk`m ~k` ajs~

hji` xjs bw`t k` obpan ~àa N`~tlo~ xkj~ k` ~kbphk~ bg kli! xklok xjs a`jsjm~- K` sila`n js

k` ~kbphk~ bg xkj~ k` fm`x N`~tlo~ xbpan xjm~ ~b nb ~b kli jmn lg l~ oji` nbxm ~b j glhk~ ~kj~

~k` ~xj~ xbpanm“~ s~jmn j okjmo` jhjlms~ kli- ‛\bp“w` m`w`t i`~ Hjmhtà _~t``~ p oabs` jmn

`tsbmja d gbt` kjw` |bp N`~tlo~! bk ~kls ls hblmh ~b d` sb ipok gpm-“

‑A`~ _libm fmbx ~kj~ lg ~k` Jo`s xjm~ ~b obi` h`~ j lò` bg ps ~k`m jaa ~k`| kjw` ~b nb

ls jsf gbtijaa| jmn mloà|!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑\`jk jmn x` xlaa d` kj| ~b joobiibnj~` ~kì!’ db~k Sjpa jmn Mlds sjln-^k` t`s~ bg ~k` `w`mlmh xjs s`m~ sl~~lmh jtbpmn ~k` glt` `meb|lmh `jok b~k`t“s obijm|-



40:



Okj~`t 4:

Bm Ibtb~k ibtmlmh Njtaj xbf` jabmh xl~k jaa ~k` gtl`mns j~ jdbp~ 37533! jmn sbbm eblm`n

lm ~k` kps~a` jmn dps~a` bg `ba` h`~~lmh nt`ss`n! kjwlmh ntlmfs! jmn eps~ h`m`tjaa| ijflmh spt`

~k` kbps` xjs t`jn| ~b d` a`g~ jhjlm ij|d`! gbt zpl~` j xkla`-

^k` ~xlms st`jn ~k` nps~ sk``~s bw`t ~k` gptml~pt` xklas~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp xjs

ijflmh spt` ~kj~ ~k` kbps` xjs oa`jm jmn ~ln|-

Jtbpmn 3;533 `w`t|bm` djt Hjt|! D``! Tjokà jmn Njtjps! xkbi kjn jat`jn| a`g~ lm ~k`

wjms! hj~k`t`n jmn kjn j ajs~ sibf` d`gbt` n`jt~lmh gbt ~k` G`s~lwja- Njtaj xjs ~k` ajs~ `tsbm

~b xjaf bp~! sk` ~ptm`n jmn oabs`n ~k` nbbt! sk` ~k`m t`ss`n k`t ~kpid bm ~k` sojmm`t xklok

tà`js`n ~k` sxl` ojtn gtbi ~k` t`jn`t xklok sk` ~k`m tìbw`n jmn ~k` s|s~ì abof`n ~k`

nbbt- _k` sila`n jmn xjaf`n nbxm ~k` s~`s jmn ~bxjtns k`t dlf`- @w`t|bm` s~jt~`n ~k`lt

ib~bt)dlf`s bt ib~bt)~tlf`s jmn ntbw` nbxm ~k` nlt~ ~tjof jxj| gtbi ~k` kbps`-

%%%%%

Jaa ~k` dlf`s paa`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh` aboj~`n bm ~k` ijlm tbjn eps~ mbt~k bg ~k` Gbt`s~

_ob`- Jg~`t glaalmh ~k` ~jmfs jmn j|lmh gbt ~k` gpà ~k`| jaa k`jn`n bp~ k`jnlmh gbt _ptjdjm-

Js ~k` htbp jtbjok`n ~k` epmo~lbm gbt LO0 Mlds sabx`n jmn ajo`n k`t kài`~ bm k`t k`jnjmn ijn` spt` ~k` oklm s~tj xjs ~lhk~! ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp nln ~k` sji` jmn ~k`m ~k`| jaa

~ptm`n bm~b LO0 jmn jooà`tj~`n nbxm ~k` bmtji- ^k` htbp xjs sbbm jsslmh ~k` sabx`t

ibwlmh ojts jmn wjms-

%%%%%

Js ~k` ib~bt)dlf`s jmn ib~bt)~tlf`s jtbjok`n ~k` bp~sflt~s bg _ptjdjm ~k`| sjx slhms

lmnloj~lmh ~kj~ ~k` LO: Dtlnh` bw`t ~k` _~`wtjm xjs oabs`n np` ~b wl~ja ijlm~`mjmo`-

‑Bf! xklok tbp~` ~k`m2’ Mlds jsf`n-

‑LO? ~k`m OX4? ~k`m OX;!’ tàl`n Hjt|-

‑Xk`t` jt` |bp Hjt|2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` lmnloj~`n ~b paa tlhk~ jmn otbss lm~b ~k`

ilnna` ajm` gtbi ~k` bp~sln`-

Ils~| xjs jat`jn| lm ~k` ilnna` ajm` jmn jss`n _jmntj js sk` paa`n lm-

Mlds oabsà| gbaabx`n _jmntj jmn lmnloj~`n jhjlm ~b paa lm~b ~k` lmsln` ajm`-

‑Eps~ jsslmh ~k` ~tpof s~b mbx!’ tàl`n Hjt|

‑Bf!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑Okj~ ~b |bp lm j skbt~ xkla` ~k`m-’



40?

‑\`jk okj~ ~b |bp lm j dl~!’ t`sbmn`n Hjt|-

^k` htbp jtbjok`n ~k` lm~`tokjmh` epmo~lbm d`~x``m LO0 jmn LO?! Njtaj! xkb xjs lm

~k` a`jn bsl~lbm lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn sal`n jotbss ~k` LO jmn `m~`t`n ~k` sal)tbjn- ^k` tbjn

djmf`n salhk~a| js l~ ~bbf gjs~ ibwlmh ~tjgglo gtbi LO0 ~b LO?- Njtaj sabx`n pbm `m~`tlmh ~k`

obtm`t jmn sal`n jotbss ~k` tbjn ~bxjtns ~k` obtm`t- _k` hajmo`n lm k`t t`jt wl`x ilttbt jmn

mb~lo`n ~kj~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp s~t`~ok`n djof d`klmn k`t- _k` jooà`tj~`n bp~ bg ~k` obtm`t

jmn lmnloj~`n a`g~ ~b `m~`t LO?-

Mlds! xkb! xjs m`{~ lm alm` jooà tj~`n jmn jss`n Njtaj xk`m sk` kjn paa`n bw`t jmn

d`hjm ~b ibw` ~bxjtns ~k` t`jt bg ~k` htbp-

Jg~`t Njtaj kjn paa`n bw`t! sk` dòji` ~k` a`jn jmn sk` jooà`tj~`n ~b :83FSK- ^k`

nls~jmo` d`~x``m LO0 jmn OX4? ga`x js~ jmn ~k` lm~`tokjmh` epmo~lbm xjs sbbm jtbjoklmh-

_k` lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn paa`n jotbss lm~b ~k` m`jtsln` ajm`! sk` sabx`n ~k` dlf` ~b :33FSK jmn

`m~`t`n ~k` sal)tbjn- ^k` obtm`t xjs j abmh gjs~ obtm`t ~kj~ kjn ~k` sal)tbjn gtbi ~k` bbsl~`

sln` bg ~k` LO eblm l~ eps~ jg~`t ~k` j`{- _k` paa`n jtbpmn ~k` obtm`t jmn ~xb ibt` ib~bt)dlf`s

eblm`n ~k` htbp js l~ jooà tj~`n bp~ bg ~k` obtm`t jmn sal n bm ~b ~k` OX- _k` paa`n bw`t

jmn sabx`n salhk~a| ~b jaabx Jds ~b ~jf` ~k` a`jn bsl~lbm

Jds xkb xjs eps~ d`klmn k`t lm ~k` obmwb| ~bbf ~k` a`jn js ~k`| eblm`n ~k` OX4?- ^k`

htbp bw`t~bbf j > ~tjla`t tbjn ~tjlm! ~xb bg ~k` obm~jlm`ts dàbmh`n ~b Tb~btf ~k` b~k`t ~xb

x`t` dajmf jmn kjn mb abhb bt lmnloj~lbm bg xkb bxm`n ~kì-@jok sln` bg ~k` OX xjs xjaa`n jmn jaa ~kj~ |bp obpan s`` bw`t x`t` ~k` ~bs x`t` ~t``s-

Js OX4? ot`s~`n j tls` ~k`| hb~ ~k` glts~ slhk~ bg X`s~ Klaas Nls~tlo~- J~ ~k` sji` ~li` ~k`| jasb

ojphk~ ~k`lt glts~ hajmo` bg ~k` Dap` Tlnh` klaas! xklok jt` j s`~ bg abx klaas dp~ ~k`| kjn j

nls~lmo~lw` dap` tlnh` ~b ~k`m! np` ~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` klaas d`lmh ijn` gtbi j dap` zpjt~u ilm`tja-

Js ~k` htbp s`n lm~b X`s~ Klaas Nls~tlo~ ~k`| jss`n ~k` glts~ bg ijm| P`t oajss jmn @{ò

`moajw`s-

Jaa ~k`| obpan s`` bw`t ~k` xjaas x`t` alm`s bg ~t``s! dp~ ~k`| fm`x gtbi ~k` ~à` tbhtjis ~kj~ ~k` kbps`s klnn`m d`klmn ~kì dàbmh n ~b sbi` bg ~k` ibs~ bx tgpa `ba` lm

~k` ol~|- ^k`s` `ba` kjn `l~k`t ijn` ~k`lt ibm`| gtbi xbtflmh lm ~k` obtbtj~lbms bt wlj a`ss

a`hja i`jms- @w`m xl~k ~k` ipa~l)ilaalbm nòf djmf djajmo`s ~k`| kjn! sbi` x`t` s~laa w`t|

jo~lw` lm obtbtj~` jggjlts- Ibs~ bg ~kì nln w`t| al~~a` jo~pja xbtf6 ibs~ bg ~k`lt ~li` xjs s`m~

lm tlwj~` lm~tlhp` jmn `slbmjh` jhjlms~ b~k`t iìd`ts bg ~k` `moajw`s tj~k`t ~kjm ~k`

obtbtj~` bt hbw`tmi`m~ja wjtl`~|-

‑^k` ^bggs“ nls~tlo~!’ sjln Jds bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-

‑Mb~ `{jo~a| Jds! Mbt~k jmn Mbt~k Tlnh` Nls~tlo~s jt` ^bgg nls~tlo~s! mb~ ~kls jt`j bg X`s~

Klaas! salhk~a| p`t oajss |`s! dp~ mb~ ^bggs-’



‑Nb L kjw` ~kls tlhk~2 Nb`s Tlokjtn O alw` lm ~kls nls~tlo~!’ jsf`n Jds js sk` sjx ~k` dlf`

sabx ~b jaabx j ojt ~b paa lm~b ~k` ilnna` ajm` jmn bw`t~jf` j sabx`t ibwlmh wjm-

‑^kj~“s xkj~ ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ tpibpt ilaa kjs l~ js!’ sk` jmsx`t`n- ‑Bm` w`t| ~tp` hkbs~

gjo~ ls ~kj~ lg |bp sòljals` lm `slbmjh` bt lm slilajt alm`s bg _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtf! |bp ijf` spt`

|bp kjw` j~ a`js~ bm` jjt~i`m~ lm ~k` spttbpmnlmh obiipml~l`s! ibt` bg~`m j obpa` j~ a`js~-

Jaa xl~k gpaa| `zpl`n sjg` tbbis jmn `soj` tbp~`s! ajmm`n! tjo~lo`n jmn sòpt`-’ _k`

obm~lmp`n js sk` eblm`n ~k` gbpt `tsbm alm` ~kj~ tjm d`klmn Jds- ‑L“w` k`jtn sbi` lm~`t`s~lmh

s~btl`s bm DajofM`~ jdbp~ ~k` s~pgg jmn kj`mlmhs k`t` lm Lm~tlhp` Ol~|-’

‑Lm~tlhp` Ol~|2’ jsf`n Sjpa kls wblo` sbpmnlmh js lg k` xjs w`t| lm~`t`s~`n lm fmbxlmh

jdbp~ ~k` jt`j-

‑\`jk! l~“s ~k` mji` ~kj~ ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ obiipml~| kjs hlw`m ~kls jt`j jmn ~k`

sbpmnlmh spbt~ obiipml~l`s!’ sk` jmsx`t`n- ‑Ibs~ bg ~k` jt`js _~t``~ Hkbs~s kjw` mji`n

jt` o`m~t`s gbt xbtf lm ~k` ol~|! Obidj~ Ijaa lm ~k` mbt~k Lmnps~tlja Nls~tlo~s bg Mbt~k Obw`!

X`s~`tm D`òk`s! Ipfjt- L~“s ~`m szpjt` dabofs bg obidj~ jmn dj~~a` tàj~`n `zpli`m~ s~bt`s!

T'N o`m~t`s! Dj~~a` ^tjlmlmh htbpmns! jmn ~k` bma| xj| ~b h`~ lm~b ~k` M`xdtjm Obidj~

nls~tlo~! 4: szpjt` ila`s bg gt`` glt` ubm`- ^k`t` jt` s~btl`s bg `m~lt` Hkbs~ ~`jis nlsj`jtlmh

lm ~k` M`xdtjm Obidj~ nls~tlo~-’

‑E`slpi!’ sjln Sjpa sbpmnlmh sbi`xkj~ skbof`n-

‑Bk jmn nbm“~ ps` ~kj~ xbtn lm ~k`t`- L~“s tpibpt`n ~kj~ ~k` ajs~ `tsbm ~b nb sb xjs

wlsl~`n d| j xtjl~k ~kj~ hb`s d| ~k` mji` bg E`slpi!’ sk` tàl`n

‑\bp“w` hb~ ~b d` flnnlmh Mlds!’ sjln Jds-

‑Mb sk`“s mb~!’ sjln Ils~|-

%%%%%

Xk`m ~k` htbp oji` bgg ~k` OX; ~k`| ntbw` ~ktbphk ~k` s~t``~s ~bxjtns ~k` ajth` jtf

~k`| fm`x xbpan d` kbanlmh ~k` g`s~lwja- ^k`| sjx sbi` slhms gbt ojt jtflmh jmn gbaabx`n bm`

jmn `m~`t`n ~k` ijlm ojt jtf djt ~k` bm` almf`n ~b ~k` J~ka`~los s~jnlpi- ^k` jtf l~sàg xjs j

ajth` i`jsptlmh `jsla| 03 kò~jt`s- Otlss)otbsslmh l~ x`t` gbb~ j~ks jmn o|oa`)~tjofs! k`nh`

tbxs jmn ~t``s alm`n sbi` bg ~k` j~ks- _ijaa oapis bg ~t``s nb~~`n ~k` jtf jabmh xl~k sijaa

ibpmns jmn sijaa bmns6 ~k`s` x`t` tlmh`n xl~k ajm~s ~kj~ xbpan obmo`ja jmlija alg`- Bm ~k`

mbt~k`tm sln` xjs j ajth` j~ka`~los s~jnlpi jmn jssbolj~`n ojt)jtflmh- J sfj~`)jtf jmn j

obpa` bg oklant`m“s aj| jt`js x`t` jasb aboj~`n lm ~k` jtf- ^k` sfj~`)dbjtn jtf xjs m`jt j

sijaa`t ojt)jtf-^k` htbp sabx`n jmn s~b`n m`jt ~k` tjlalmhs- ^k`| jaa oalid`n bgg jmn sk` s~t`~ok`n

jg~`t ~k` tln`- _k` xjaf`n xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp bm~b ~k` jo~pja jtf ajmn xk`t` ~k`| jaa sj~



400

nbxm ~b xjl~ gbt ~k` wjms ~b jttlw`-

J al~~a` nls~jmo` jxj| ~k`| obpan s`` j sijaa la` bg ~klmhs6 l~ abbf`n alf` sbi`bm` xjs

jasb paalmh ~k`lt kjlt bp~ xjl~lmh gbt sbi`~klmh ~b jttlw`-

^lmj sj~ jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` h`m~ lm ~k` ilnna`! k`t litbw`n wlslbm sjx l~ xjs ^li! k`t

dtb~k t jmn k` abbf`n alf` k` xjs sibflmh sbi`~klmh- Xk`m ~k` wjms jttlw`n ~k`| jtf`n p

jabmh sln` ~k` ib~bt)dlf`s jmn ib~bt)~tlf`s- Hjt|! D`` jmn Tjokà oalid`n bp~ jabmh xl~k

Njtjps xkb eps~ epi`n bp~ jmn dbpmn`n bw`t ~b xk`t` ~k` htbp xjs sl~~lmh- K` x`m~ ~b ~k`

sijaa hj d`~x``m Mlds jmn _jmntj jmn sj~ nbxm-

Jds jmn sk` hb~ p jmn ~k`| xjaf`n ~b ~k` wjm Hjt| kjn d``m ntlwlmh- Jds saln ~k` sln`

nbbt b`m jaabxlmh k`t lm~b ~k` wjm- _k` d`m~ nbxm jmn b`m`n bm` bg ~k` pmn`t xbtf ~b

opdbjtns t`~tl`wlmh j obpa` bg obbf`ts jmn ~k` ~`j jmn obgg`` ijflmh `zpli`m~-

^lmj bw`tk`jtn Mlds sj|! ‑^kj~ hp| s`tlbpsa| m``ns ~b oklaa bp~- L sx`jt k`“s hblmh ~b

dpts~ j dabbn w`ss a sbbm-’

‑Ibt` ~kjm dabbn| alfà|! js L ~klmf k`“s i| ban`t dtb~k`t!’ sk` sjln xk`m sk` t`~ptm`n

xl~k ~k` obbf`ts! jmn ntlmf ijflmh `zpli`m~- Jds ojttl`n j ajth` xj~`t ojttl`t jmn ~k`

obm~jlm`t bg iphs- Xk`m ~k` jlt kjn sj~ nbxm Jds glaa`n ~k` ~xb f`~~a`s jmn j g`x sòbmns

aj~`t ~k`| x`t` bm ~k` obbf`ts d`lmh k`j~`n-

J abx abjn`t paa`n lm~b ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf jmn xjs gbaabx`n d| j sòbmn bm` jmn ~k`m~k` mbs` bg j ~kltn j`jt`n lm ~k` `m~tjmo` xj|- @jok xjs s~jof`n xl~k g`molmh jmàs jmn ~k`

g``~ m``n`n ~b s~jmn ~kì p-

^li lof`n p kls dlf` jmn o|oa`n bw`t ~b ~k` hj~` lm~b ~k` ijlm jtf! xk`t` k` pmabof`n

~k` hj~` jmn hjw` ~k` ntlw`t bg ~k` a`jn abtt| j sk``~ bg j`t xl~k xkj~ abbf`n alf` j ajm

ntjxm bm l~- ^k` ntlw`t oalid`n nbxm jmn xjs eblm`n d| ~k` b~k`t ntlw`ts jmn j ij~` xkb

oalid`n nbxm gtbi ~k` ojd bt ~k` ~kltn ~tpof-

Xk`m ^li kjn glmlsk`n n`jalmh xl~k ~k` ntlw`t! sk` obpan s`` ~k` tàl`g bm k`t dtb~k`t“sgjo`- _k` ojaa`n ~b kli pslmh k`t ban ija` wblo`! ‑K`| ij~`! obi` oklaa xl~k ps gbt j dl~! ~k`

abtt| ntlw`ts fmbx xkj~ ~k`| jt` nblmh! sb a`jw` ~kì ~b l~-’

^li ~ptm`n jmn ~kbphk~ gbt j sòbmn jmn xjaf`n xl~k kls dlf` bw`t ~b ~k` htbp- Js ^li

jtbjok`n sk` obmglti`n k`t `jtal`t sps`sslbms jdbp~ kli sibflmh js d`~x``m kls glmh`ts

xjs Ojidjt- ‑Kl! i| mji` ls ^li Htlggl~ks-’

‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b ~t| sbi`~klmh j al~~a` s~tbmh`t!’ sjln Tjokà jmn jss`n kli bm` bg k`t

Ojidjt il{`s sk` sibf`n- _k` fm`x Tjokà bma| `w`t p~ j g`x s~tjmns bm ~bdjoob lm k`ts-

‑^kjmfs!’ sjln ^li jmn sj~ nbxm lm j hj ~k` db~k Tjokà jmn Htù~ kjn ijn` lm ~k`

oltoa`- ‑Jk! L s`` |bp kjw` ~`j jmn obgg`` ijflmh gjolal~l`s2’



‑\`s x` nb! xbpan |bp alf` j ntlmf2’ sk` lmzplt`n-

‑\`s L xbpan ~kjmfs-’

‑Bbs bpt ijmm`ts- _btt|!’ sk` sjln jhjlm pslmh k`t ija` wblo` tj~k`t ~kjm k`t mbtija

gìja` bm`- ‑Jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` Sjpa! Jds! Mlds! _jmntj! Ils~|! D``! Tjokà! Jmhàlzp`!

Htù~! Hjt|! Njtaj! ~k` ~xlms Jmhà jmn Njil`à jmn ajs~a| Njtjps- Bk jmn i|sàg ^lmj-’

_k` obpan s`` kls gjo` xjs bm` bg ‛L fmbx ~kj~ wblo`“- ^li b`m`n kls ibp~k js lg ~b sj|

sbi`~klmh ~k`m k` s~b`n jmn ~kbphk~ gbt j sòbmn jmn jsf`n! ‑^kj~“s ~k` wblo` bg i| ilsslmh

dtb~k t- Kbx ~k` kàa ojm |bp fmbx ~kj~ jmn ililo l~2’

‑^kjmfs dtb!’ sk` sjln abbflmh tj~k`t jmmb|`n j~ kls obii`m~s- ‑Abbf j~ i`!’ sk`

obm~lmp`n! ‑|bpt `|`s nbm“~ nò`lw` |bp! l~ ls i`! Ebkm- \bp kjw` j hbbn iìbt| gbt xkj~ i|

wblo` sbpmn`n alf`-’

‑Jt` |bp spttls`n ~k` x``f d`gbt` |bp a`g~ ~k` tbxs |bp jmn ipi kjn- Xkj~ ~k` gòf2’

‑L“w` d``m alwlmh gpaa ~li` js ^lmj slmo` L ibw`n bp~-’

^li eps~ s~jt`n j~ k`t- ^k`m jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns k` sjln! ‑Bf! x` xlaa kjw` ~b oj~ok

p!’ ~k`m k` jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ kjw` |bp hb~ ~b ntlmf2’

‑Okjl! ~`j! obgg``! ojmmjdls ~`j!’ sjln Mlds! js ^li ~bbf j ntjx! ~k`m obphk`n jmn

sap~~`t`n j obpa` bg ~li`s-

@w`t|bm` t`s`m~ sila`n j~ kls t`jo~lbm-

‑Ojmmjdls ~`j a`js`!’ tàl`n ^li-

‑Mb tbdaì!’ sjln Ils~| js sk` ntb`n j sobb bg mbtija ~`j jmn j sobb bg htbpmn

ojmmjdls lm~b j sijaa ~`jb~ jmn jnn`n kb~ xj~`t- Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s ~k` dt`x xjs t`jnl`n jmn

bpt`n lm~b j op- Ils~| ~k m jss n ^li ~k` op! tjls`n l~ ~b `w`t|bm` jmn ~bbf j sl-

‑_~tjmh` ~js~`! dp~ mlo`!’ sjln ^li jg~`t ~js~lmh l~-

‑L fmbx g`s~lwjas jmn L jasb fmbx ~kj~ ~k` `tsbm ~b jsf jdbp~ kàlmh bp~ bw`t bm` ls

`l~k`t ~k` sl~` ijmjh`t bt sbi`bm` obmmò~`n xl~k ~k` obiil~~``!’ sk` sjln abbflmh tj~k`t

lmzpltlmha| j~ ^li- ‑Jmn L“i hp`sslmh ~kj~ |bp jt` ~k` sl~` ijmjh`t2’

‑\`s L ji! jmn xkj~ ojm |bp bgg`t ~k` g`s~lwja2’ jsf`n ^li abbflmh j~ `jok iìd`t bg

~k` htbp js lg k` xjs s~pn|lmh ~kì-

‑Gbpt~``m gl~ `ba`! habdjaa| almf`n d| j obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì ~kj~ ojm d` j~ok`n lm~b

m`jta| jaa m`~xbtfs! sòptl~| gbt ~k` mlhk~s! s~`xjtns jmn h`m`tja kà `ba`- Jaa x` jsf ls gbt j

sijaa jt`j ~b t`sln` xklas~ ~k` g`s~lwja ls kj`mlmh2’ sk` jsf`n- ‑X` xbpan obiip~` ~b ~k`

sl~` dp~ x` alw` lm _bp~k O`m~tja nls~tlo~-’

‑Xkj~ ~|` bg sòptl~| obpan |bp bgg`t2’ jsf`n ^li-

‑X`“t` jaa _~t``~ Hkbs~s!’ tàl`n Ils~|-‑^kj~ okjmh`s j g`x ~klmhs ~k`m!’ sjln ^li xl~k j sila`- ‑L kjw` mb tbdaì j~ jaa xl~k

|bp kàlmh- X` nb m``n j ~tjlm`n sòptl~| ~`ji ~b j~tba ~k` sl~` bw`t ~k` x``f`mn- L“aa obmglti



408

l~ xl~k ~k` okjlt! dp~ L ojm“~ s`` jm| tbdaìs! |bp kjw` jaa hb~ _~t``~ Hkbs~ lns2 Js bm` bg bpt

mpid`t xjs j _~t``~ Hkbs~ bmo` jmn ls s~laa als~`n js lmjo~lw`-’

‑\`jk x` nb!’ sjln Sjpa-

J~ ~kls ^li hb~ p jmn jss`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`! jg~`t ~jflmh j sòbmn ~jf`! ~b Htù~

xkb jss`n l~ djof ~b Tjokà- ^li xjaf`n ~b xk`t` kls s~pgg xjs! obaaò~`n l~ ~bh`~k`t jmn

xjaf`n djof ~b xk`t` ~k` htbp xjs sl~~lmh-

Pbm ^li“s t`~ptm xl~k kls s~pgg! Hjt| sjln! ‑Xàa jm|xj|! `mbphk xl~k ~k` oklaalmh!

skjaa x` sòpt` ~k` sl~`-’ Hjt| s~bbn p jmn ntb`n kls ejof`~ xk`t` k` kjn d``m sl~~lmh js ~k`

spm kjn j`jt`n jmn ~k` oabpns x`t` d`hlmmlmh ~b nlsslj~`-

‑^tp`!’ sjln ^li lm t`sbms` ~b Hjt|“s sphh`s~lbm- ‑Glts~ ebd ls ~b sòpt` ~k` ot`x jmn

sl~` bgglo` jt`js jmn ~k`| jt` db~k jtbpmn ps mbx-’

‑Xkj~ ls ~k` sl~pj~lbm xl~k ~k` ojt)jtfs2’ jsf`n Ils~| js sk` jasb eblm`n Hjt| lm

s~jmnlmh- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp jasb s~bbn p jmn ntb`n ~k` ejof`~s ~k`| kjn d``m x`jtlmh-

‑X` obm~tba db~k ojt jtfs jmn x` jaxj|s oabs` ~kì ~b ~k` h`m`tja pdalo js l~ h`~s

kò~lo js kàa bw`t ~k` x``f`mn- ^k` Nls~tlo~ Obpmola b`ms p ~k` J~ka`~los s~jnlpi ojt jtf!

jmn b`tj~`s j ilmldps s`twlo` gtbi ~k`t` ~b k`t` gbt ~k` nlsjda`n jmn lmglti! `~ o`~`tj- ^k` ajm

ls ~b f`` jaa w`kloa`s ~kj~ xlaa d` k`t` ~k` xkba` x``f`mn lm ~k` sijaa ojt jtf jmn bma| ps` ~k`

ijlm gbt nàlw`tl`s jmn js j ~tjn`t `m~tjmo`! b~k`t ~kjm ot`x)tàj~`n w`kloa`s-’

‑Hbbn js x` xlaa d` m``nlmh joo`ss ~b ~k` wjms jmn dlf`s! js ~k` wjms jt` bpt ibdlaòbiijmn o`m~t` jmn lg x` m``n ~b h`~ ajo`s x` m``n ~k` dlf`s!’ sjln Mlds js sk` hb~ p jmn

xjs eblm`n d| _jmntj- ^k`| db~k ntb`n ~k`lt ejof`~s bm ~k` htbpmn jmn obw`t`n Njtjps! xkb

~k`m xtlhha`n bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` ejof`~s-

_k` sjx j sijaa t`n wjm kjn paa`n lm~b ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf jmn ntlw`m ~bxjtns ~k` b`m

hj~`- L~ ntbw` bm~b ~k` jtf jmn k`jn`n gbt xk`t` ~k` htbp x`t` s~jmnlmh jtbpmn- _k` sjx jmn

tòbhmlu`n ~k` ntlw`t js Oàlj jmn ~b k`t Oàlj“s gjo` xjs bm` j ht`j~ kjlm`ss- _j~ lm ~k`

jss`mh`t“s s j~ xjs j sijaa hlta! xkb lmj t obhmlu`n dp~ sk` tììd`t`n ~k` |bpmh hlta js j djd| opi ~bnna`t-

^k` gtl`mns xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` glts~ s~jof bg g`molmh xjs jmn Sjpa ntjhh`n ~k` glts~ lò`

bg K`ttls bgg ~k` la` jmn jabmh xl~k Hjt| ~k`| ojttl`n l~ djof ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ajln l~ bm ~k`

htbpmn-

Mlds jmn _jmntj xjaf`n ~b xk`t` li xjs okj~~lmh xl~k ~k` m`x jttlwja- Mlds jsf`n!

‑\bp hb~ j ajm bg ~k` sl~` sj|lmh xk`t` ~k` g`molmh hb`s2’

‑\`jk L kjw`!’ tàl`n ^li! ‑Oàlj! i``~ Mlds jmn _jmntj! L ~klmf2’

‑\`s! kàab Oàlj! ~k` ajm a`js`!’ sjln _jmntj-



^li xjaf`n ~b xk`t` k` kjn ntb`n kls s~pgg jmn ~bbf bp~ bm` bg ~k` ajms- K` ~k`m

kjmn`n l~ ~b k`t jmn sjln! ‑Hlw` ~k` ot`x jt`j `mbphk tbbi ~b kbps` |bpt ~`m~s jmn ~k` wjms-’

‑Bf! x`“aa a`jw` ~k` wjms bm ~k` ojt)jtf sln` tj~k`t ~kjm dtlmh ~k`m bm~b ~k` glàn-’

‑Tlhk~ sb kbx jt` |bp hblmh ~b nb ~kls ~k`m2’ jsf`n ^li-

‑Sjtf ~k` wjms `mn ~b `mn xl~k ~k` dap` bm` bm ~k` `mn!’ sk` sjln-

‑Xk| ~k` dap` bm` bm ~k` `mn2’ jsf`n ^li js k` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` g`molmh la` jmn sjx

sl{ jlts xbtflmh bm ojtt|lmh g`mo` jmàs gtbi ~k` m`jt`s~ la`s ~b ~k` ot`x jmn sl~` bgglo`

jt`js-

‑^k` dap` bm` ls ~k` ijlm obiijmn o`m~t` jmn kjs d``m bp~gl~~`n xl~k j L_X ibpm~ lm

~k` nbbt- L~“s d``m `zpl`n xl~k j dà~ g``n ~b :3!333 tbpmns bg JS@[ jiipml~lbm!’ tàl`n

_jmntj- ‑X` bg ~k` Hjmhtàs kjw` j sj|lmh t`jt` gbt ~k` xbts~! jmn kb` gbt ~k` d`s~-’

‑X``bpok*’ `{oajli`n ^li- ‑Xkj~“s ~k` L_X2’

‑J IJ83L_X!’ sk` sjln-

‑IJ83*’ `{oajli`n ^li! jmn s~jt`n j~ ~k` jlt- ‑^kj~“s j ilal~jt| htjn` x`jbm-’

‑X` fmbx!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Njtaj“s ipi jmn njn kjn jm jtibpt| s~bof`n xl~k ilal~jt| x`jbms jmn `zpli`m~

gtbi j ajo` fmbxm js ~k` Jojnì|- Xklok bm ~k` DajofM`~ Gbtpi i`ssjh` dbjtns ls jm T'N

o`m~t` gbt ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~s!’ sk` sjln js db~k k`t jmn _jmntj abbf`n j~ ~k` ajms jmn xbtf`n

bp~ gabbt jt`j gbt ~k` `lhk~ ~`m~s jmn jt`j jtbpmn ~kì-

‑L ~jf` l~ |bp fmbx xkj~ ~k` kàa |bp jt` nblmh ~k`m2’

‑\`s! m`jta| jaa Hjmhtàs pmn`thb ~klt~``m x``fs djslo ~tjlmlmh j~ Obiijmn lm _bp~k

Nbofs- Nptlmh bpt ~li` ~k`t` x` jt` ~jphk~ ~b d` sjg` jmn s`mslda` jtbpmn jaa x`jbms gtbi

slia` fmlg`s ~b ~k` K_Xs ~kj~ jt` s``m bm ~k` djof bg sbi` lof)ps!’ sjln _jmntj js sk`

ojttl`n j obpa` bg g``~ ~b ~k` hj~` jmn ntb`n bm` ~k`t`- _jmntj ~k`m s~jt~`n ~b xjaf nbxm ~k`

k`nh` jmn j skbt~ nls~jmo` aj~`t sk` ntb`n ~k` sòbmn bm`- _jmntj ~k`m t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` la` bg

g``~ jmn ~bbf ~xb ibt`- Js ^li jmn k`t htjdd`n j obpa` bg g``~ `jok! ~k`| gbaabx`n _jmntj

xkb obm~lmp`n! ‑@w`m ~ktbphk ilm` jmn Sjpa“s ipi jmn njn x`t` jat`jn| iìd`ts jmn kjn

nbm` djslo ~tjlmlmh! x` db~k obia`~`n l~ xl~k j ~tjlmlmh ojnt`- Mlds kjsm“~ dp~ sk` kjs

obmsln`tjda` fmbxa`nh` bg ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ so`m`-’

‑Kbx ipok nb |bp fmbx bg ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~ so`m` ^li2’ _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` ajm jmn

ntb`n j sòbmn bm` js j ijtf`t bg j epmo~lbm bgg ~k` bp~`t g`molmh-

‑Kjmh bm! xbpanm“~ l~ d` `jsl`t ~b kjw` ~k` wjms lmsln` jmn j tbp~` bp~ ~b ~k` ijlm jt`j!’

sphh`s~`n ^li! ‑jmn j al~~a` dl~- Ebkm xjs j _~t``~ Hkbs~ bmo`- ^kj~ xjs pm~la k` kjn jm jooln`m~

xklok kjs i`ss`n p kls a`h- Xk`m |bp i``~ kli |bp“aa pmn`ts~jmn L ~klmf-’‑Nln |bp fmbx ~kj~ bma| j Gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ ojm sbmsbt `ba` ~b dòbi` _~t``~

Hkbs~s2’



40<

‑\`s L nln fmbx ~kj~! xk|2’

‑L sbmsbt`n jaa ~k` Wl{`ms! L“w` d``m oajsslgl`n js j Gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ gbt ~k` ajs~ sl{

ibm~ks- Jmn L s`m~ jaibs~ `lhk~``m ibm~ks a`jtmlmh ~k` so`m` gtbi j iìd`t xk`m L alw`n lm

M`)P)Djt-’ _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` wjms jmn ~k` m`x ln`j jmn ~k` k`nh ! ‛^k` k`nh` ls hblmh ~b

ijf` l~ flmn bg jmmb|lmh ~b h`~ lm~b ~k` wjms-“ ‑L jht`` xl~k |bp ^li- Kpm a`~s ibw` ~kì sb

~k`| jt` lmsln` ~k` `tli`~`t-’

_jmntj s~b`n jmn ntb`n ~k` ~xb g``~ sk` xjs ojtt|lmh jmn jsf`n! ‑_ji` btn`t bg

wjms ~kbphk2’

‑\`s!’ sk` tàl`n jmn s~jt~`n ~bxjtns ~k` t`n wjm- _jmntj sbbm ojphk~ k`t p- ‑L ~klmf

x` m``n ~b jlm~ ~kì ~kbphk-’

‑\`jk x` nb!’ tàl`n _jmntj- _jmntj ~k`m b`m`n ~k` ntlw`t“s sln` nbbt bg ~k` xkl~` wjm-

_k` b`m`n ~k` t`n wjm“s nbbt jmn gbpmn ~k` f`|s s~laa lm ~k` lhml~lbm- _k` sila`n jmn

oalid`n lm! sk` ~ptm`n ~k` f`|s jmn ~k` `mhlm` s~jt~`n- _k` oabs`n ~k` nbbt jmn sàò~`n t`w`ts`

sb sk` obpan sabxa| djof l~ bp~ jmn tlhk~ sb ~k` mbs` xjs blm~lmh j~ ~k` hj~`- ^li xjaf`n ~b ~k`

hj~` jmn b`m`n l~ js sk` sàò~`n glts~ jmn sabxa| jooà`tj~`n- Js sk` jss`n ~k` xkl~` wjm

_jmntj t`w`ts`n bp~ jmn gbaabx`n k`t- _k` ~ptm`n bm~b ~k` glàn jmn ~bbf j xln` oltoa` tbpmn

jmn jtf`n p jabmh sln` ~k` k`nh` tbx xk`t` l~ eblm`n ~k` bm` ~kj~ obia`~à| tlmh`n ~k` jtf-

D`|bmn xklok xjs j skjt ibpmn ~kj~ xjs j n`~`tt`m~ ~ ~b ~kbs` xkb alf`n ~b tplm ajo`s! xl~k

w`kloa`s- _k` t`w`ts`n l~ sb ~k` djof kjn `mbphk tbbi ~b b`m! dp~ mb~ ipok ibt`- Hjt| kjn epi`n lm~b ~k` dap` wjm jmn kjn ntlw`m ~kj~ bm` bm~b ~k` jtf! jg~`t _jmntj kjn jtf`n xl~k j

slilajt jibpm~ bg tbbi d`klmn k`ts- Hjt| bsl~lbm`n ~k` dap` wjm j~ ~k` gtbm~-

_k` abof`n ~k` ntlw`t“s sln` nbbt jmn ~bbf ~k` f`|s gtbi ~k` lhml~lbm- _k` sjx Sjpa

ojtt|lmh ~xb g``~ xjaf nbxm js~ ~k` ntlw`ts sln`- Abbflmh lm ~k` t`jt wl`x ilttbt sk` sjx kli

ntb bm` gbb~ j~ obtm`t ijn` d| ~k` k`nh`tbx spttbpmn`n ~k` ojt)jtf jmn ~k` bm` ~kj~

obia`~à| tlmh`n ~k` jtf- Sjpa ojaa`n ~b ~k` ~kt`` ntlw`ts! ‑Jm| okjmo` |bp ojm ibw` gbtxjtn

j obpa` bg g``~ js x` m``n ~b ntb j g`mo` jmà d`klmn k`t` jmn jabmh ~k` k`nh` tbx bm ~k`tbjn-’

@jok wjm ~k`m ibw`n gbtxjtn d| j obpa` bg g``~ xl~k Hjt| ibwlmh glts~ ~k`m _jmntj jmn

ajs~a| sk` ibw`n k`t wjm- Jds jmn ^lmj sab~~`n ~k` glts~ g`mo` jmà lm ajo` xklas~ Ht`~u jmn

D`` ojttl`n ~k` sòbmn bm` nbxm d`sln` ~k` wjms- Mlds ibw`n bw`t jmn hb~ bp~ bg ~k` ijlm

salnlmh nbbt-

Hjt| eblm`n Sjpa lm ojtt|lmh g``~ jmn oals xklas~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp ojttl`n g`mo`

jmàs-

J ~jaa hp|! xl~k ht`| xlt| kjlt jttlw`n jmn jsf`n! ‑Nb |bp xjm~ i` ~b nb jm|~klmh2’ Bm

kls djof xjs jm jobps~lo hpl)ntji-



Js _jmntj jmn sk` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` mbx obmsln`tjda| t`npo`n la` bg g`mo` jmàs!

^li ~ptm`n ~b gjo` kli- ^k`| ~bbf ~k` m`{~ jmà jmn k`t litbw`n k`jtlmh k`jtn ^li jmn

Oàlj ~jaflmh jtbpmn ~k` lml~lja djs`! ‑Mb! ~k`s` hp|s kjw` wbapm~``t`n ~b kà s`~ p! s~`xjtn!

tbwln` sòptl~| jmn dt`jf ~k` g`s~lwja jmn jaa ~k`| jsf gbt ls j sijaa jt`j gbt ~kì ~b s~j|-’ _k`

x`m~ djof ~b obmo`m~tj~lmh bm xkj~ _jmntj xjs nblmh xl~k ~k` b~k`t `mn bg ~k` g`mo` jmà-

%%%%%

Jg~`t j g`x kbpts bg g`mo` jmà sklg~lmh jmn `tò~lmh! ~k` ot`x jt`j! _l~` Bgglo` jmn ijlm

_~`xjtns jt`j x`t` ~b~jaa| sòpt`n- Lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ot`x jt`j xjs ~k` djof s~jh` jt`j gbt _~jh` :

jmn d`sln` ~k` s~jh` xjs ~k` glts~ bg ~k` ~xb d``t ~`m~s ~kj~ b`tj~`n bm sl~`- _jmntj jmn sk`

xjaf`n lm gtbi p~~lmh p ~k` ajs~ jmà ~b sòpt` ~k` H`m`tj~bt gbt _~jh` :! ~k` D``t ^`m~!

Ot`x jt`j jmn _l~` jmn _~`xjtn Bgglo` ~k`| xj~ok`n Njtaj jmn Ils~| aj|lmh kbps`! sb ~b

s`jf- ^k`| x`t` pslmh ~k` t`n wjm js l~ xjs n`slhm`n ~b d` ps`n js jm jt`j ~b alw` gtbi- Lm ~xb

la`s bp~sln` ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j! xklok kjn d``m ~jt`n bgg sb `ba` xjaflmh d| bm ~k` s~t` ~

obpanm“~ abbf lm x`t` ~k` ~`m~s jmn `w`t|bm`“s `tsbmja fl~- ^k` sln` nbbt bg ~k` dap` wjm xjs

b`m jmn db~k ~k` s~j~lbms x`t` t`jn| jmn bx`t`n p d| ~k` lm~`tmja bx`t! ~k` j`tlja xjs jasb

p jmn ~tjmsil~~lmh-

Oàlj xjs `tò~lmh j obpa` bg sijaa ~`m~s lm~b xklok sk` hp`ss`n j ab~ bg ~k` ~klmhs

jtbpmn ~kì x`t` hblmh- J skbt~ nls~jmo` jxj| xjs ~k` glt` l~6 Ht`~u kjn obms~tpo~`n xkls~ ~k`

glw` kjn d``m kpm~lmh- Lm l~ xjs j sijaa glt` ~kj~ xjs k`j~lmh jm ban gjsklbm`n f`~~a`! xklok xjs

kjmhlmh gtbi j kbbf ~kj~ xjs gl{`n ~b gbpt ba`s ~kj~ oji` gtbi ~k` obtm`ts- ^k` f`~~a` xjs

oabs` ~b dblalmh j~ ~kls blm~- Ils~| xjaf`n bp~ gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j silalmh j~ ~k` jlt xjs

~k`| xjaf`n lm- _j~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` jat`jn| x`t` Jmhà! Njil`à! jmn Sjpa- Hjt| xjs obilmh

bp~ bg ~k` xkl~` wjm- Jds xjs s~bbn xl~k Oàlj kàlmh k`t pmabjn k`t wjm jmn `tò~ ~k` ~`m~s

jmn hjuuldbs-

^lmj jttlw`n lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j gtbi ~k` ~bla`~s bw`t ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` ojt)jtf jmn

sjln! ‑L kjn gbthb~~`m kbx ipok gpm l~ xjs d`lmh j~ ~k` g`s~lwja nptlmh s`~ p-’

^kt`` |bpmh bm`s jmn Njtjps tjm js~ jmn lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j-

^li xjaf`n p jmn sjln! ‑L~“s oa`jt`n |bp hp|s ojm s~j|! Oàlj kjs mb tbdaì jmn ~k`

okjlt sjln! l~ kàs lm f``lmh o`t~jlm `ba` gtbi ojilmh js ot`x-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn ~b k`jt!’ ^lmj sjln- ‑Xkb ls ~k` okjlt ~kls |`jt2’

‑Nb |bp tììd`t Dlh Ijaaj2’‑\`s-’ ^k`m js sbi`~klmh njxm`n bm k`t! sk` sjln! ‑_k`“s mb~2’

^li mbnn`n- ‑_k`“aa d` k`t` ~kls jg~`tmbbm-’



47:

‑L~ xlaa d` hbbn ~b s`` k`t jhjlm-’

Db~k _jmntj jmn Mlds abbf`n j~ k`t jsflmh ~k` sji` zp`s~lbm! ‛xkb“s ~kls2“

‑Dlh Ijaaj! ls j ajth` njtf sflmm`n xbijm gtbi Oklww`tj- _k` ps` ~b abbf jg~`t ~k`

|bpmh`t bm`s! i| ajs~ |`jt k`t` xjs Xlaabb“s glts~- Oàlj kjn k`t mlm` ibm~ks jg~`t bm` gjlt jmn

~k` gbaabxlmh bm` xjs i| gjila|“s hbbn d|`! x` ibw`n ~b _bp~k Kjtdbpt Nls~tlo~! ~xb ibm~ks

jg~`txjtns! x` m`w`t ijn` jm| ibt`- ^li ls gbpt |`jts ban`t ~kjm i` jmn ~kt`` nj|s jg~`t L

ibw`n bp~ ^li ibw`n djof ~b ~k` jt`j jmn L hp`ss wbapm~``t`n jhjlm-’

‑\bp sjln kl ~b Oàlj |`~2’ jsf`n ^li k`t

‑Mb~ |`~! L“w` d``m flmn bg dps|-’ _k` ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` Oàlj kjn s~bbn p-

Mlds! _jmntj jmn li xjaf`n ~b ~k` glt` jt j jmn sj~ nbxm- _k` abbf`n d`m`j~k ~k` glt`

l~ jmn t`hls~`t n ~kj~ ~k` htjss kjn d``m tìbw`n! sk` abbf`n jtbpmn gbt l~ jmn gbpmn l~ kjn

d``m ajo`n pmn`t ~k` xkl~` wjm- _k` a`m~ lm jmn sjln zpl ~a| ~b _jmntj! ‑Hbbn ln`j! x` m` n ~b

tììd`t ~kj~ xk`m kjwlmh jm b`m glt`-’

‑\`jk!’ tàl`n _jmntj js ~k` jlt sj~ nbxm jmn Njtaj xjaf`n bp~ ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k

abjns bg ops bm-

^lmj xjaf`n ~bxjtns xk`t` Jds kjn eps~ ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn hb~~`m sbi`~klmh gtbi ~k`

b`m sln` nbbt bg ~k` wjm- ‑Oàlj! kl! L“i mb~ spt` lg |bp xbpan tììd`t i` gtbi s`w`m |`jtsjhb2’

‑^li sjln ~kj~ sbi` bm` x` ps` ~b fmbx xjs djof- Xàobi` djof-’ Oàlj abbf`n k`t p

jmn nbxm lm jm jtbwlmh ijmm`t- ‑Xkj~ mji` nb |bp hb d| mbx2’

‑^lmj jmn a`~ i` lm~tbnpo` i| jt~m`t Jmmj N`~tlo! Jds ~b `w`t|bm`-’

Oàlj abbf`n j~ ~k` jlt jmn skbbf k`t k`jn j~ ~k` slhk~! ‑^kbs` ajs~ obpa` bg |`jts

d`gbt` |bp ibw`n L fm`x sbi ~klmh xjs xtbmh! dp~ L xbpan m`w`t kjw` hp`ss n l~ xjs |bp

d`lmh tjms-’ Oàlj ~ptm`n ~b gjo` k`t jmn ojaa`n! ‑Xlaabb! k`t` mbx-’^k` ~kt`` |bpmhs~`ts ~kj~ kjn d``m aj|lmh jtbpmn ~k` sl{ ijm ~`ji xbtflmh ~k` tlhk~

kjmn sln` bg ~k` ~tjn`t hj~` tjm bw`t! Njtjps ~tb~~lmh j~ Xlaabb“s k`à-

‑L xjm~ |bp ~b i``~ sbi`bm` xkb kjs obi` djof ~b ~k` g`s~lwja jg~`t s`w`m |`jts! sb |bp

s`` `ba` nb obi` djof jmn sk`“s dtbphk~ ibs~ bg ~k` hp|s lm dajof js gtl`mns jmn kà`ts-’

Xlaabb abbf`n j~ ^lmj jmn sjln! ‑Kàabbb gtl`mn-’

‑Xkbs `~2’ jsf`n Oàlj ~b Xlaabb-

‑^kj~“s Njtjps! k`“s j Dl~ok Wl{`m!’ ^lmj sjln-

‑Bf! xkj~ sòl`s ls k`2 L xbpan sj| gtbi ~k` obabptlmh jmn jibpm~ bg gpt! k`“s mb~ pt`

dt`jn nbh-’



^k` htbp xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` ~`js x`t` d`lmh sbt~`n jmn sj~ nbxm jtbpmn ~k` glt` l~-

_k` gà~ sbi`bm` ~j k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t! sk` ~ptm`n jmn sjx _jmntj xjs bgg`tlmh k`t j

Ojidjt olhjt`~~`- _k` ~bbf l~ jmn tìbw`n k`t alhk~`t gtbi k`t bpok jmn al~ ~k` `mn-

Jds jmsx`t`n Oàlj“s zp`s~lbm jdbp~ xkj~ sòl`s Njtjps xjs! ‑X` jt`m“~ spt`- K` kjs

~k` `|`s bg jm jadlmb xbag! dp~ ~k` obabpt bg j ^lid`t Xbag opd- X` gbpmn kli lm ~k` Abx Djof

Gbt`s~! mb slhk~ bg l~s ib~k`t jmn k`“s mb~ d``m abmh bg ~kls xbtan d| kls slu`-’

‑^kj~ L xbpan jht`` xl~k! dp~ jadlmb `|`s xl~k ^lid`t Xbag opd gpt-’ Oàlj jps`n gbt j

dl~ jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑^kj~“s mb~ j obidlmj~lbm L“w` k`jtn bg d gbt`! jsf Iàjmlm` xk`m sk` h ~s

k`t xklok skbpan d` sbi` ~li` ~bnj|! sk`“s jm `{`t~ lm ~klmhs bp~ bg ~k` btnlmjt|-’

_k` sjx ~k` ~kt`` |bpmh`t bm`“s `|`s alhk~ p j~ ~k` i`m~lbm bg Iàjmlm` jttlwlmh-

‑^kj~“s j mji` L“w` mb~ k`jtn d`gbt`2’ sk` jsf`n Oàlj-

‑Mb! sk` wbapm~``t`n ~k` gbaabxlmh |`jt ~b |bpt ajs~ bm`- K`t! k`t kpsdjmn! Jnji! Jntljm

jmn Oj~k|! kjw` kà`n s`~ p jmn sk` jmn k`t jt~m`t Htlggl~ bthjmlu` ~k` Oklaa)Bp~ Ubm`-

Jntljm kjs gbt ~k` ajs~ obpa` bg |`jts abbf`n jg~`t jaa ~k` |bpmh bm`s nptlmh ~k` s`~ p! xk`m

~k` gjlt xjs b`m jmn sl~` dt`jf-’

‑\bp sjln kpsdjmn Jnji jmn ~k`m jt~m`t Htlggl~2’ sk` jsf`n k`t abbflmh h`m`tjaa|

lm~`t`s~`n-

‑\`s! Jnji xjs bm` bg sl{ d|s~jmn`ts ~kj~ x`t` hpmm`n nbxm lm j aboja pd xk`m bm` bg

~k` aboja otli` dbss`s ~bbf bgg`mo` j~ sbi`~klmh bm` bg ~k` `ba` ntlmflmh kjn nbm`- Mb bm`

kjs `w`t d``m jtt`s~`n gbt l~ jmn L ~klmf ~k` ojs` ls optt`m~a| j oban ojs`- ^k` aboja @okb ^òk

_òptl~| kjw` d``m t`hpajta| t`)abbflmh j~ ~k` gla`s! dp~ s~laa kjw` mb~ gbpmn jm|~klmh m`x ~b ~àa

~kì xklok htbp k` kjn lss`n bgg-’

‑^kj~“s mb~ hbbn!’ sjln Jds js Njtaj jss`n k`t j op bg obgg``-

‑Mb!’ sjln Oàlj jmn Ils~| jss`n j op ~b k`t-

‑Jntljm ls gpm ~b d` jtbpmn!’ sjln ~k` gìja` bg ~k` b~k`t ~xb-

‑^kj~“s Nbttls jmn ~k` h`m~ ls Ijtlof- \`jk- Jntljm abbfs jg~`t ~k` oklant`m xklas~ x` jt`

p~~lmh ~k` g`s~lwja ~bh`~k`t jmn ~k`m abbfs jg~`t ~kì jmn kàs lm ~k` flns“ jt`j xk`m ~k`

g`s~lwja ls b`m- K` abw`s ~kì xl~k jm pmdtlna`n jsslbm- \bp ips~ kjw` kjn sbi` jnw`m~pt`s

bw`t ~k` |`jts jmn kbx ls Nbilmlo2’

_k` sila`n xk`m sk` tììd`t`n k`t |bpmh`t dtb~k`t Nbilmlo- ‑^b d` kbm`s~ L kjw` mb

ln`j- L“w` mb~ sbf`m ~b ipi! njn bt Nbilmlo slmo` L ibw`n bp~! ~kt`` |`jts jhb-’

‑Xkj~*’ `{oajli`n Oàlj abbflmh w`t| skbof`n jmn ~k`m k`t gjo` x`m~ ~b bm` bg mb~ d`lmh

w`t| a`js`n xl~k k`t- ‑\bp“w` mb~ s``m |bpt ipi lm ~kt`` |`jts! kbx obi`2’ ^k` ~bm` Oàlj

ps`n! sk` fm`x sk` xjs d`lmh ~ban bgg! sk` n`s`tw`n l~- _k` fm`x ~kj~ ipok-‑^k` ajs~ obpa` bg x``fs d`gbt` L ibw`n bp~! jaa i` jmn ipi ps` ~b nb xjs tbx jmn

jthp` bw`t ~k` s~pln`s~ bg ~klmhs! jmn ~b d` kbm`s~ L“w` mb~ m``n`n ~b- ^k` Wl{`ms jmn Hjmhtàs



47?

kjw` hlw`m i` ibt` bg j gjila|! L fmbx ipi m`w`t joo`~`n i` js ^lmj! sb xk| gbto` ~kbs`

xkb nb mb~ joo`~ ~b joo`~-’

Oàlj sj~ ~k`t` ~klmflmh jdbp~ xkj~ sk` kjn sjln jmn sjln! ‑\`jk! |bpt tlhk~! dp~ l~ jlms

i` ~kj~ ~k` sl~pj~lbm `{ls~s lm ~k` glts~ ajo`-’

‑J~ sbi` blm~ L xlaa obm~jo~ ~kì! L fmbx sbi`~klmh xlaa kj`m ~kj~ L xlaa m``n ~b-’

J kbtm sbpmn`n gtbi ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf js j sj~)tl~ s~|a` ojt paa`n p- _k` abbf`n bw`t

jmn sjx j xbijm h`~ bp~ bg ~k` jss`mh`t“s s`j~ jmn sk` lii`nlj~à| mb~lo`n k`t `|`s x`t`

t`n! jmn sk` jasb kjn ajth` djhs pmn`t k`t `|`s- _k` mpnh`n Jds xkb xjs jasb abbflmh j~ ~k`

xbijm-

Oàlj abbf`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑Ià-’ ^k`m js Ià s~``n bw`t ~k` djt Oàlj“s gjo` x`m~ gbt

d`lmh kj| ~b s`` k`t ~b bm` bg d`lmh w t| obmo tm`n j~ k t s~j~`- ‑Xkj~ ~k` k aa ls p2’ sk`

jsf`n js k`t gtl`mn oji` jmn sj~ d`sln` k`t-

‑Jntljm jmn L kjn j ijsslw` tbx jmn k` xjaf`n bp~! k`“s mb~ jmsx`tlmh i| ojaas! jmn j

t`bt~ gtbi j gtl`mn k` xjs s``m a`jwlmh ~k` ^tjm \bp~k O`m~t` xl~k j gtl`mn jmn obpa` bg

`ba` fmbxm ~b d` jssbolj~`n xl~k tlwwb~k-’

Jotbss ~k` glt` l~ db~k Mlds jmn _jmntj abbf`n w`t| obmo`tm`n j~ k`jtlmh xkj~ Ià xjs

~àalmh Oàlj-

‑Jntljm ls j mlo` fln! ~kj~ jthpi`m~ xjs s`tlbps ~b kjw` kli a`jw` kbi` jmn d``m s``mxl~k bm` bg ~k` tbdaìs ~kls jmn ~k` m`jtd| nls~tlo~s kjw`- ^tlwwlb~k ls ~k` dbss bg j tàj~lwà|

bx tgpa bthjmlu`n otli` gjila|- K`“s spbs ~b spbt~ bm` bg ~k` aboja hjmhs! L ~klmf l~“s ~k`

Dap` Nljibmns jmn L ojm ~àa |bp ~k`| jt` mb~ alf` d| ~k` abojas j~ jaa!’ sjln ^li abbflmh w`t|

obmo`tm`n j~ ~k` m`xs

_k` abbf`n j~ kli jmn jsf`n! ‑Jm| ln`js kbx obi`2’

‑Mb! x` ~t| jmn s~j| bp~ bg l~! dp~ sbi`~li`s ~k` tbdaìs bg ~k` aboja jt`js slaas bw`t

bm~b ~k` g`s~lwja!’ tàl`n ^li jmn k` ~k`m ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg obgg``-_k` abbf`n j~ kli jmn gà~ _jmntj ~j k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t- _k` ~ptm`n k`t k`jn ~b abbf j~

_jmntj! jmn sk` kjn j xbttl`n abbf lm k`t `|`s- ^k` gjo` Mlds xjs paalmh xjs! ‛L fmbx! ~jaf ~b

|bp aj~`t“-

Njtjps jnn`n bw`t jmn aj| d`sln` k`t tlhk~ k`à- _k` bw`t k`jtn Oàlj sj| ~b Ià! ‑Ojm

|bp kjw` j abbf j~ ~k` p d`sln`- L“i sbtt| L“w` mb~ d``m lm~tbnpo`n2’

‑Mldbaj Oja~bm! `w`t|bm` ojaas i` Mlds! _jmntj Sj~~`tsbm i| jt~m`t jmn ~kls ls Njtjps! j

xbag bg sbi` flmn! dp~ ~kj~“s jaa x` ojm xbtf bp~-’

‑J xbag! L xbpan sj| |bp kjw` j ^lid`t Xbag p gtbi ~k` obabpt bg ~k` gpt!’ sjln Ià

‑\`s! L xbpan jht`` dp~ k` jasb kjs ~k` `|`s bg jm Jadlmb Xbag! dajulmh t`n!’ sjln Njtaj-



‑^k` Jadlmb ls jaxj|s xkl~` gtbi ~k` s~jt~! mb~ j alhk~ ht`|- Ojm L ~jf` j abbf2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` sjln silalmh js Ià“s `{t`sslbm kjn alg~`n salhk~a|-

Ià hb~ p jmn xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` glt` ~b xk`t` Njtjps xjs aj|lmh loflmh kli p d| ~k`

sotpgg bg kls mòf- Ià ~k`m b`m`n ~k` tlhk~ `|` jmn abbf`n j~ l~- _k` obpan s`` kbx njtf ~k`

`|` xjs- P)pm~la ~kls blm~ sk` kjn t`jaa| mb~ abbf`n j~ Njtjps“ `|`s- _k` ajo`n kli djof

nbxm jmn t`~ptm`n ~b k`t s`j~ ~klmflmh- Jg~`t sk` kjn sj~ nbxm! sk` sjln! ‑L xbpan sj| gtbi ~k`

`|`s jmn ~k` obabpt bg ~k` gpt jtbpmn ~k` `|` sbof`~ |bp kjw` sbi`~klmh ~kj~ L kjw` bma| k`jtn

jdbp~ gtbi i|~ks jmn a`h`mns-’

‑Xkj~ nb |bp ~klmf k` ls ~k`m2’ jsf`n Njtaj js sk` sj~ d`sln` ^li-

‑Jm Jmhà Xbag-’

_k` mb~lo`n kbx Njtaj abbf`n j~ Ià js lg ~b sj|! ‛\bp ips~ d` flnnlmh“-

‑Mb L“i mb~- L“w` s``m ~k` `|`s bg Jadlmb xbaw`s jmn ~k`| jt` obmsln`tjda| dtlhk~`t t`n

~kjm ~kbs`- ^k`| L xbpan sj| jt` j ijpw` ibt` ~kjm j t`n xklok gtbi ~k` i|~ks ls ~k` obabpt

`ba` sj| ~k` |`s bg ~k` Jmhà xbaw`s jt - L“aa okòf xk`m L h`~ kbi`! L“w` hb~ ~b hb ~b ~k`

aboja _òptl~| _~j~lbm jmn hlw` ~kì j s~j~ì`m~ jdbp~ Jntljm“s nlsj`jtjmo`- L“aa d` djof aj~`t

~kls jg~`tmbbm jmn Htlggl~ xlaa d` k`t` ~kls `w`mlmh-’

_jmntj jmn k`t hb~ p jmn x`t` eblm`n d| Jmhà jmn Njil`à js xàa js Sjpa jmn Hjt|-

Xk`m ~k` htbp kjn `{l~`n ~k` ot`x jt`j Njtjps dbpmn`n bw`t jmn Hjt| sjln! ‑^kls

obpan d` s`tlbps-’

‑L fmbx!’ sk` tàl`n- Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n sk` fm`x k`t gjo` xjs bm` bg ‛L“i ~klmflmh

gòf bgg“- ^k`| jttlw`n j~ ~k` la` bg g`molmh! g``~ jmn obmmò~bts- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` ajm s``lmh

~kj~ ~k` g`molmh tjm jaa ~k` xj| jabmh ~k` k`nh`tbx jmn kjn j hj~` jmn @i`th`mo| hj~` j~ ~k`

`m~tjmo` xj| lm~b ~k` jtf- _k` jasb abbf`n gbt ~k` m`{~ la` bg g`mo` jmàs jmn sjx ~kì m`jt

~k` ilnna` bg ~k` m`{~ s~t`~ok bg k`nh` tbx- ‑Bf ~k`m! ~kls la` gtbi ~k` H`m`tj~bt `m ~b js gjt

js x` ojm h`~ ~kì- ^k` ajm lmnloj~`s jm @i`th`mo| hj~` jmn `ba` hj~` xk`m ~k` gbb~j~k

obi`s ~ktbphk ~k` k`nh` tbx-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n Sjpa js Hjt| jmn kli lof`n p j jlt bg g``~ `jok k`jnlmh ~bxjtns ~k`

h`m`tj~bt `m- Sjpa ntb`n bm` bg kls g``~ j~ tbphka| ~k` tlhk~ nls~jmo` gbt j g`mo` jmà-

Jmhà saln ~k` ~b jmà bgg jmn ntjhh`n l~ ~b xk`t` l~ xbpan eblm ~k` g`molmh bg ~k`

h`m`tj~bt `m- _k` xjs oabsà| gbaabx`n d| Njil`à jmn ~k`m _jmntj-

J |bpmh xbijm! mb ban`t ~kjm ij|d` 44 xjaf`n ~b xk`t` sk` xjs ntjhhlmh j g`mo`

jmà bgg ~k` s~jof- _k` jsf`n! ‑Kl L“i A`lj- \bp m``n jm| k a2’

‑\`jk! htjd sbi` bg ~k` obmmò~bts jmn glmh`t ~lhk~`m ~k`m bm ~k` g`mo` jmàs!’ sk`

t`zp`s~`n‑Mb tbds!’ tàl`n A`lj js ^li xjaf`n bw`t ojtt|lmh j ajm jmn j ojm bg sbi`~klmh-

‑Jm| bg |bp xjm~ ~b hlw` i` j kjmn ijtflmh bp~ xk`t` ~k` ijtzp``s jmn bx`t alm`s jt`



470

hblmh2’

‑\`jk L xlaa!’ tàl`n A`lj-

‑Bk! kl A`lj- L s`` |bp“w` i`~ ~k` m`x ot`x jmn w`t| alfà| ~k` sòptl~| gbt ~kls |`jt“s

g`s~lwja-’

A`lj abbf`n j~ ^li xk`m sk` kjn s~bbn p- ‑Xkj~*’

_k` s~b`n jmn sila`n j~ k`t! ‑_b! x` jt` sòptl~| mbx2’

‑\`jk! eps~ kjn j zplof okj~ xl~k Njtaj jmn sk` sj|s ~kj~“s xkj~ |bp hp|s nb- \bp jssls~

b~k`t hjmhs jmn tbwlnlmh sòptl~| ls bm` bg ~k` ebds |bp“w` d``m ojaa`n ~b nb-’

Hjt| xjaf`n djof jmn ~bbf ~xb ibt` g``~ sj|lmh! ‑\`jk L fmbx L kjw`! L“i mb~ spt`

jdbp~ ~k` Wl{`ms dp~ L bma| eblm`n `lhk~ ibm~ks jhb-’

^li mbnn`n js Mlds ~bbf ~k` g`mo` jmà sk` xjs paalmh ~b d` ~k` m`{~ jmà lm ~k` okjlm-

_jmntj jmn sk` alg~`n l~ sb l~ xjs w`t~loja jmn _jmntj ntb`n k`t `mn lm~b ~k` gbb~ d`sln` k`t-

Mlds ntjhh`n ~k` oabs`s~ gbb~ bw`t jmn saln ~k` g`mo` jmà lm~b ~k` kba` lm ~k` gbb~- Xk m ~kj~

xjs nbm` _jmntj k`jn`n djof gbt ~k` la` jmn ~bbf ~k` m`{~ jmà- Jmhà! xkb xjs ~k` m`{~

`tsbm lm ~k` okjlm! ntjhh`n j jmà ~b xk t` Mlds xjs s~jmnlmh! xjl~lmh gbt ~k` m`{~ jmà sb

sk` obpan ntb ~k` jmà `mn m`jt`s~ k`t lm~b ~k` sòbmn kba` bg ~k` gbb~-

J m`x h`m~ jss`n k`t jmn xjs ojtt|lmh ~k` djh bg obmmò~bts jmn k` s~jt~`n ~b eblm ~k`

g`mo` jmàs ~bh`~k`t-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` htbp! bg s`w`m gtl`mns ~k` sl{ Wl{`ms jmn j m`x hp| ~b ~kì! kjn glmlsk`n ~kt``

`m~lt` la`s bg jmàs ~k`| t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j- ^k` m`x hp| xjs ojaa`n T`lm`t jmn kjn

d``m k almh j~ ~k` g`s~lwja gbt gbpt | jts-

Djof j~ ~k` ot`x jt`j xk`t` j g`x m`x gjo`s! bm` xjs j ajth` ajn| xkb w`t| n`glml~à|

oji` gtbi ~k` obm~lm`m~ bg Baalj~k- ^lmj! Jds! Ht`~u! Tjokà jmn Jmhàlzp` xjaf`n djof lm eps~ d`klmn k`t jmn k`t htbp- lmj ijn` j d`` alm` gbt ~k` ajn| gtbi Baalj~k jmn xk`m sk` xjs

oabs` `mbphk! ~k` jlt! jg~`t sk` sjx ~k` xbijm“s `|`s b`m lm skbof ~k`| ìdtjo`n js gtl`mns

nb-

Xlaabb s~jt~`n ~b epi p jmn nbxm js j xkl~` @ssujm ~|` ib~bt)ojt paa`n p- _k`

abbf`n bw`t jmn sjx oalid bp~ bg ~k` ntlw`t“s s`j~ j xbijm- ^li hb~ p jmn ojaa`n! ‑Oàlj!

FjWbm jmn Ebkm jt` k`t`-’

‑@{oàa`m~!’ oji` Oàlj“s tà| gtbi ~k` jt`j bg ~k` ot`x jt`j ~kj~ xjs Oàlj“s ubm`- ^li

xjaf`n ~b ~k` hj~` jmn b`m`n l~- ^k` ojt ntbw` bm jmn js l~ jtbjok`n ~k` `m~tjmo` ~b ~k` ot`x

jt`j Jmhàlzp` b`m`n ~k` hj~`- L~ ntbw` lm jmn jtf`n p d`sln` j m`x ib~bt)ojtjwjm jmn



Oàlj“s Wjm- Bp~ gtbi ~k` jss`mh`t nbbt oji` j ajth` s~bof| h`m~-

^li xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` jt`j jmn sjln! ‑Kl Ebkm-’

‑Kl ijm-’ _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` xj| k` xjaf`n jmn t`jals`n k` xjs xjaflmh bm otp~ok`s!

xk`m k` ~tjwàa`n js~ ~k` djof bg ~k` ojt sk` abbf`n j~ ~k` a`hs- ^k` tlhk~ a`h xjs gl{`n xl~k j

obpa` dap` i`~ja kjabs jmn tbns ~kj~ x`m~ lm~b kls a`h jmn j s`~ jasb kàn ~k` kjabs jjt~-

_k` ~ptm`n ~b s`` ^li sl~ djof nbxm jsflmh! ‑Ls k` ~k` lmjo~lw` hkbs~2’

^li mbnn`n jmn sila`n-

‑L ojm s`` xk| k`“s bm ~k` lmjo~lw` als~-’

Ebkm sj~ bm bm` bg ~k` s`j~s jmn ~bbf bp~ bg kls bof`~ j ~lm! slilajt ~b ~k` bm` sk` s~bt`n

k`t Ojidjt lm- ‑Oàlj! oj~ok!’ sjln Ebkm jmn ~k`m gtbi ~k` b~k`t bof`~ oji` j dap` djh jmn l~

xjs ~k`m lm ~k` jlt k`jnlmh gbt xk`t` Oàlj xjs s~jmnlmh- Oàlj ojphk~ l~ jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` glt`

~b eblm`n Ebkm jmn FjWbm lm sl~~lmh nbxm- Gtbi ~k` djof bg ~k` @ssujm oji` ~xb |bpmh hltas

bm` jtbpmn ~k` jh` bg Xlaabb jmn ~k` b~k`t |bpmh`t d| j g`x |`jts- Gtbi ~k` sji` bof`~ js

~k` ~lm! oji` j djh lm xklok xjs j ht``m ij~`tlja slilajt ~b ~k` xj| Ojidjt abbf`n-

_k` bgg`t`n k`t kjag glmlsk`n Ojidjt olhjt`~~` ~b Ebkm! xkb joo`~`n l~ s~loflmh l~ lm kls

ibp~k jmn ~k`m alhk~lmh ~k` ~l- K` ~bbf j ntjx jmn kls gjo` sot`x`n p j dl~ js ~k` pt`

Ojidjt sibf` dptm~ kls ~ktbj~-

‑Xkj~ |bp hb~ lm k`t`2’ jsf`n Ebkm js k` jss`n l~ djof-

‑Spt`! L ~jf` l~ |bp il{2’

‑\`jk-’

Js Oàlj abbf`n alf` sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b tbaa j Ojidjt il{ sk` jsf`n! ‑Kbx ipok nb L bx`

|bp Ebkm2’

‑Gbt~|! ~kjmfs-’

Oàlj ~bbf k`t pts` gtbi ~k` tlhk~ kjmn bpok bg j jlt bg oab~k bpok`s- Gtbi ~k` pts`

oji` j ~x`m~| Nòf mb~` xklok hb~ jss`n ~b Ebkm-

_k` k`jtn _jmntj zpl`~a| smbt~ jmn sk` abbf`n j~ k`t- K`t gjo` xjs bm` bg d`lmh jmht| j~

sbi`~klmh- _jmntj ~k`m t`jals`n sk` xjs abbflmh j~ k`t jmn sila`n- _jmntj hb~ p jmn xjaf`n ~b

xk`t` ~k` ~`m~s kjn d``m ntb`n d`mnlmh nbxm ~b lof bm` p- _jmntj ~k`m ibw`n j skbt~

nls~jmo` jxj| ì~lmh ~k` obm~`m~s bm ~k` gabbt sb sk` obpan s~jt~ ~b p~ l~ p-

_k` ~k`m k`jtn Ebkm“s wblo` sj|! ‑Xkj~ jt` x` nblmh jdbp~ sòptl~| `sòljaa| xl~k ~k`

sl~pj~lbm bm ~k` s~t``~s j~ ~k` ibi`m~2’

‑I``~ ~k` sòptl~|!’ sjln ^li- ‑^k` Hl~ks jmn ~k` glw` m`x xbi`m-’

Ebkm abbf`n j~ k`t jmn jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ a`wà bg ~tjlmlmh kjw` |bp ab~ hb~2’

‑X` jaa kban gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ Alo`mo`s jmn js ^li p~ l~ `lhk~ bg ~k` Hl~ks kjw` nbm`Hjmhtà djslo ~tjlmlmh jmn L s`m~ :;ibm~ks a`jtmlmh nltò~ gtbi ~k` so`m`!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Xl~kbp~ fmbxlmh xkj~ Hjmhtà djslo ~tjlmlmh obmsls~s bg- Mb xbttl`s- L t`~~| ipok tpm



478

~k` sòptl~| jmn ~k` s~`xjtns k`t`-’

_k` mbnn`n js Njtaj kjmn`n k`t! k`t iph xl~k j s~`jilmh ntlmf lm-

‑^kjmfs Njtaj-’

Iàjmlm` jmn j sòbmn xbijm! sk` hp`ss`n xjs Htlggl~ js ~k`| x`t` xjaflmh kjmn lm

kjmn! `m~`t`n ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ~k`| db~k oji` jmn sj~ d`sln` k`t- ‑Gtbi ~k` dbbfs L kjw`! L

ji obmgltilmh ~kj~ Njtjps ls jm Jmhà Xbag-’

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t lm skbof- _k` kjn k`jtn bm` i|~k jdbp~ ~k` xkl~` gptt`n xbag! xkbs`

`|`s dptm`n xl~k j n`` t`n- ‑Lg Njtjps ls! ~k`m xk| i` jmn _jmntj! ~k`lt ips~ d` `ba` xkb

n`s`tw` kli ibt` ~kjm x` nb-’

‑^k` bm` ~klmh L fmbx gtbi ~k` i|~ks ls ~kj~ ~k`| sàò~ w`t| ojt`gpaa| jmn ~k`| fmbx lg

|bp jmn ~kbs` jtbpmn jt` bg j hbbn k`jt~-’

Htlggl~ abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` glt` j~ ~k` wjtlbps `ba` jmn ~b k`t sk` abbf`n t`jaa| kj|- ‑L

kb` |bp nbm“~ ilmn i` jsflmh! dp~ L bw`t k`jtn |bp jmn Oàlj ~jaflmh `jtal`t jmn sbi`~klmh

^li sjln j xkla` djof- Xkj~ kjs d``m hblmh bm lm ~k` aboja jt`j2’

Iàjmlm` sj~ djof jmn sjln! ‑^k` jthpi`m~ i` jmn Jntljm kjn xjs bw`t i` nj~lmh

Htlggl~- L“i dl! dp~ xklas~ Jntljm“s njn xjs jalw` L kàn ~kj~ sln` bg i` lm okòf! k` nl`n j

obpa` bg |`jts jhb jmn L a`~ hb! L“w` d``m xl~k Htlggl~ gbt à`w`m ibm~ks mbx jmn x` jt`

gtl`mns glts~ jmn gbtìbs~! jmn s`{pja jt~m`ts sòbmn-’

_k` mb~lo`n Iàjmlm` szp`ù` Htlggl~“s kjmn! ~k` sijaa ibwì`m~ bg ~k` kjmn szp`ùlmhibs~ `ba` ilss`n! sk` kjn d``m ~tjlm`n ~b mb~lo`! jmn ~b pmn`ts~jmn kbx ~k`| xbpan t`jo~ lm

sl~pj~lbms- ^b k`t ilmn js abmh js ~k`| fm`x ~k` b~k`t xjs sjg`! ~k`m ~k`| xbpan d` s~tbmh jmn

kàgpa-

‑Xkj~ ls hblmh bm lm ~k` aboja jt`j- Ls ~kj~ bm` bg ~k` aboja s~t``~ hjmhs ls tpmmlmh bp~ bg

obm~tba! ~k`| jt` `{~bt~lmh ibm`| gtbi dpslm`ss`s! sj|lmh lg ~k`| nbm“~ j| ~k`m ~k` db|s jt`

hblmh ~b wlsl~- ^k` db|s jt` j ibd bg ~x`m~| aboja |bp~ks! klhk jmn abbflmh ~b xtòf sbiàjo`-

L fmbx j ab~ bg ~k` aboja ~tjn`ts kjw` d``m obiajlmlmh ~b ~k` jp~kbtl~l`s jdbp~ l~- L kjw` mb ln`jxkj~ kjs kj`m`n slmo`! L k`jtn ~kj~ j obpa` bg x``fs jhb-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n jmn abbf`n j~ k`t jt~m`t ~t|lmh ~b xbtf bp~ xk| ~k` smbt~ jmn gjo`-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP jmn bx`t`n l~ p! sk` okòf`n ~k` bx`t djt!

xklok xjs jaibs~ gpaa- _k` obmmò~`n l~ ~b ~k` M`~- _k` xjs hblmh ~b ~xb ajo`s! bm` xjs ~k`

DajofM`~ Gbtpi gbt _ptjdjm! jmn ~k` b~k`t xjs ~b bs~ jm jnw`t~ gbt ~k` g`s~lwja bm ~k` \bpmh

^tjms sl~`- ^k` i`ssjh` ~b ~k` DajofM`~ Gbtpi sl~` xjs hblmh ~b jsf gbt lmgbtij~lbm jdbp~ ~k`

sl~pj~lbm lm ~k` jt`j- Xk`m ~k` ~xb i`ssjh`s x`t` bs~`n sk` skp~ k`t SNP nbxm-

Iàjmlm` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` Oàlj xjs s~jmnlmh ~klmflmh jdbp~ sbi`~klmh-

Htlggl~ jsf`n xk`m Iàjmlm` xjs hbm`! ‑Xkj~ x`t` |bp nblmh ~k`t`2’



‑Sbs~lmh j i`ssjh` ~b DajofM`~ jmn jasb ~b j \bpmh ^tjms sl~` L dàbmh ~b! L“w` bma| d``m

bp~ j obpa` bg x``fs jmn L abw` l~-’

‑Bf- Ij| L sj| ~kj~ |bp nb abbf w`t| hbbn alf` ~kj~! dp~ ~k` skjnbx obpan nb xl~k sbi`

n`jalmh xl~k-’

‑L fmbx!’ sk` tàl`n silalmh! ‑dp~ ~kj~ obi`s lm j xkla` xk`m L“w` d``m jda` ~b `jtm ~k`

ibm`| L xlaa m``n ~b obia`~` ~k` ~t`j~i`m~s-’

‑Kbx gjt jt` |bp ajmmlmh bm hblmh2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! j~ ~k` ibi`m~ L“i `{abtlmh alg`! kjwlmh j abwlmh jt~m`t! jmn jaa ~klmhs

Hl~k-’ _k` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg Okjl- ^kls dtbphk~ k`t p! gtbi ~k` lml~lja ~js~` l~ xjsm“~ okjl sk`

hb~ gtbi ~k` ojgìs sk` ps`n-

‑L ojm s`` gtbi ~k` xj| |bp eps~ paa`n p! |bp“w` eps~ kjn sbi` bg Dlh Ijaaj“s slo`n

Okjl2’ jsf`n Htlggl~ js sk` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa jsxàa-

‑\`jk! L fmbx i| Okjl! dp~ ~kls bm` kjn j slo`n ~js~` jaa bg l~s bxm-’

%%%%%

^lmj! Jds! Ht`~u! Tjokà jmn Jmhàlzp` xjaf`n lm ~ktbphk ~k` `m~tjmo` ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j-

_k` sjx Dlh Ijaaj s~jmnlmh okj~~lmh ~b Njtaj- Lm Njtaj“s kjmns xjs j ~pd bg sbi`~klmh- ^lmj

x`m~ s~tjlhk~ ~bxjtns Dlh Ijaaj jmn xk`m sk` xjs oabs` `mbphk sk` sjln! pslmh js oabs` ~b

|bpmh Ebkm“s wblo` js sk` obpan tììd`t! ‑Kl Dlh Ijaaj-’

Dlh Ijaaj ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n k`t lm ~k` `|`s jmn sk` sjln! ‑L tììd`t ~kbs` `|`s! Ebkm

Htlggl~ks bt xkb `w`t ~kj~ `tsbm dòji`! obi` k`t` jmn hlw` i` j dabbn| kph- L~ ls sb hbbn ~b

s`` |bp- Xkj~ ~k` kàa dtlmhs |bp djof2’

‑X` sjx jm jnw`t~ gbt l~ lm j ojgì x` ps` lm ~k` Kjtalzpjmls Ijaa! _bp~k S`mlmspaj

nls~tlo~!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑jmn L hb d| ~k` mji` ^lmj mbx-’

‑\`s! i| |bpmh ajn|! xkj~ ls ~kls L k`jt gtbi Oàlj jdbp~ |bp mb~ s`jflmh ~b |bp“t`

ipi-’ Dlh Ijaaj abbf`n j~ k`t lm j w`t| nlsjtbwlmh xj|- _k` jasb sj~ nbxm bm jm ì~| s`j~

jmn kjn j |bpmh hlta tpm p jmn jaibs~ epi lm~b k`t aj- ‑Kjmh bm Nìl~t`! a`~ i` h`~ s`~~a`n

glts~-’ Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns Dlh Ijaaj sjln! ‑Mbx L“i t`jn|-’ Nìl~t` jaibs~ oalid`n jmn xjs

alg~`n lm~b Dlh Ijaaj“s aj-

‑\`jk! L“w` jat`jn| kjn ~k` aò~pt` gtbi Oàlj- L xlaa L tbils`! dp~ l~ kjs ~b d` lm i|

bxm ~li`-’

‑K`| L fmbx- _bi`~klmh alf` ~kls ntlw`s ibs~ gjilal`s jjt~ lm sbi` gbti bt jmb~k`t! dp~

bm` ~klmh L nb fmbx |bpt ipi jmn njn xlaa jaxj|s abw` |bp lm sbi` sijaa xj| jmn j sliaà`~~`t ~àalmh ~kì ~kj~ |bp jt` bf jmn ~kj~ ~k`| jt` ~kbphk~ jdbp~ tà`js`s sb ipok ~`mslbm l~“s

pmdàl`wjda`- W`t| g`x `ba` fmbx ~kj~ L kjn j njphk~`t ~kj~ t`dàa`n jhjlms~ i` xk`m sk`



47<

xjs :> jmn nlsj`jt`n- X` kjn kjn sbi` sajmhlmh ij~ok`s bw`t ~k` t`wlbps obpa` bg

ibm~ks- ^k`m bp~ bg ~k` dap` L tò`lw` j a`~~`t ~ktbphk ~k` ban gjsklbm`n bs~! l~ kjn d``m

gbtxjtn`n bm gtbi i| t`wlbps jnnt`ss- L obm~jo~`n ~kì jmn sjln ~kjmfs jmn lmwl~`n ~kì

k`t`- ^k` a`~~`t xjs gtbi i| njphk~`t! l~ sjln sk` xjs sbtt| gbt ~k` ~klmhs sk` kjn sjln! l~ jasb

~ban i` sk` xjs xbtflmh jmn kjn d``m alwlmh xl~k j jt~m`t gbt glw` |`jts- ^k` tàl`g L gà~

fmbxlmh sk` xjs bf jmn mb~ n`jn xjs ijsslw`-’

‑\`jk L d`~!’ sk` tàl`n jmn xjs kjmn`n j iph d| Ils~|! xkb jasb kjmn`n Ijaaj k`t

op-

‑\bp a`g~ xk`m! s`w`m |`jts jhb mbx! jmn ^li oji` djof ~kt`` |`jts jhb mbx- _b xkj~

kjw` |bp d``m p ~b lm ~kbs` ~kt`` bnn |`jts2’

‑Abjns! L mbx tpm xl~k ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! j Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh pml~! ~k` `m~lt` pml~ jt`

k`t` kàlmh- L ji jasb alwlmh xl~k i| alg` jt~m`t-’

Bw`t k`t skbpan`t oji` Jds“s k`jn jmn sk` ajm~`n j zplof flss bm k`t ok``f- ‑Kl! xkb

ips~ d` Ijaaj-’

‑\`s L ji! jmn |bp ips~ d` ^lmj“s alg` jt~m`t2’

‑^kj~“s i`! L“i fmbxm js Jds! l~“s skbt~ gbt Jmmj N`~tlo-’

Mlds hb~ p jg~`t glmlsklmh k`t okjl jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` _jmntj xjs aj|lmh kbps` ipi!

xl~k ~k`t` fl~- ‑Xkj~“s p kpm2’ sk` jsf`n jg~`t sk` kjn d`m~ nbxm-‑Xkj~ Ebkm jmn Oàlj eps~ nln ~k` `{okjmh` bg ibm`| gbt Ojidjt- ^k` spal`s ~k`

Hjmhtàs kjw` x` obpan n`s~tb| ~k` m``n gbt n`ja`ts jmn j|i`m~- L~“s bm` bg i| `~ kj~`s-’

‑Jtk! kbx nb`s `w`t|bm` às` g`à jdbp~ ~k` spdeò~2’

‑L fmbx Sjpa jmn ^lmj spbt~ i`! Jds ls sl~~lmh bm ~k` g`mo`! Hjt|! Njtaj nbm“~ fmbx-’

_k` sj~ nbxm eps~ bp~ sln` ~k` nbbt! _jmntj oji` bp~ bg ~k` nbbt jmn eblm`n k`t- ‑_b L sj|

hb jmn h`~ j ajth` jibpm~ jmn ijf` ~kls g`s~lwja! gbt ~k` ot`x! j gt`` Ojidjt g`s~lwja-’

_jmntj sj~ ~k`t` ~klmflmh jdbp~ ~k` ln`j! ‑\`jk xk| mb~- L fmbx _N Pml~ Mlm` kjw` jobpa` bg ajth` htbxlmh tbbis jmn j obpa` ibt` sl~`s spa| ~k` b~k`t pml~s! jmn lg m``n d` L

ojm jaxj|s p~ j t`zp`s~ lm ~b obiijmn-’

_k` sila`n- ‑L ~klmf sbi` bg ps obpan nb xl~k j t`glaa- L fmbx L obpan-’

‑^kj~“s s`~~a`n ~k`m h`~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` g`mo` jmàs p jmn L“aa hb jmn sbt~ bp~ sbi`

Ojidjt-’

%%%%%

J obpa` bg kbpts aj~`t 83 bg ~k` g`molmh xjs p jmn ~k` ~xb htbps x`t` g`àlmh ~k`



kjtn xbtf! ^lmj! Jds! _jmntj jmn k`t a`ss sb ~kjm ~k` t`s~- ^b Jmhà jmn Njil`à l~ xjs js lg

~k`| kjn s`m~ ~k` jg~`tmbbm alhk~a| xbtflmh bp~ ~k` xj| ~k`| ibw`n ~k` jmàs jtbpmn- _k`

skbbf k`t k`jn j~ s``lmh ~kì ojtt| jmn sklg~ ~k` jmàs `ggbt~a`ssa|-

_jmntj kjn a`g~ jm kjag jm kbpt `jtal`t bm ~k` ilsslbm ~b hj~k`t j ajth` zpjm~l~| bg Ojidjt

gbt ~k` ot`x jmn jasb ~b kjw` j okj~ xl~k j obpa` bg aboja pml~s jdbp~ ~k` sl~pj~lbm lm ~k` jt`j-

Xk`m ~k` htbp kjn jttlw`n djof lm ~k` ot`x jt`j ~k`| sj| Ijaaj! Ils~| jmn Njtaj sj~

jtbpmn ~k` glt` l~ `jalmh sbi`~klmh jmn ntblmh ~kì lm~b j ajth` dbxa- ^k` ~kt`` bg ~kì

x`t` ajphklmh j~ sbi`~klmh- J ajth` abmh ~`m~ kjn hbm` p jabmh ~k` g`mo` bg _~jh` :“s djof

s~jh` jt`j- Oàlj“s jt`j abbf`n ~ln| jmn j obpa` ibt` ~`m~s kjn stpmh p lm ~k` ibp~k bg bm`

xjs A`lj jmn aj|lmh lmsln`! k`jn lm ~k` nbbtxj| xjs j h`m~- Mlds `s~lij~`n kli ~b d` jdbp~

A`lj“s jh`- ^k` gtbm~ bg ~k` b~k`t ~`m~ xjs ul`n oabs`n-

_k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` gtbm~ bg k`t ~`m~ jmn htjdd`n k`t op gtbi ~k` `m~tjmo`- _k` ~ptm`n jmn

k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j- Bm j abmh! s~tbmh ~jda` xjs j ajth` ptm! xtl~~`m bm ~k` sln` x`t` ~k`

xbtns ‛Dlh Ijaaj“s _lo`n Okjl Ptm“! j slhm bm ~k` ~b sjln! ‛Kà |bpt sàg“- _k` nln eps~ ~kj~!

sk` b`m`n ~k` ~j jmn bpt`n j iph gpaa jmn jg~`t oabslmh ~k` ~j sk` xjaf`n bp~ ~b ~k` xk`t`

~k` glt` xjs jmn sj~ d`sln` Ijaaj- _k` sjln jg~`t ~jflmh j sl bg ~k` kb~ _lo`n Okjl! ‑Ijnji!

ij| L sj| L alf` |bpt _lo`n Okjl- L~“s hb~ j ~xjmh ~k` b~k`t Okjls nbm“~ kjw`-’

‑Sa`js` l~“s `l~k`t Dlh Ijaaj bt eps~ Ijaaj! jmn ~kjmf |bp- L ijf` l~ i|sàg gtbi slo`s

jmn k`tds L htbx j~ kbi`- ^k`t` jt` sb ijm| m`x gjo`s ~kls |`jt xkj~ xl~k ~k` gtl`mns ^lmj

dtbphk~ jmn ij| L jsf! |bp jt`2’

‑Mldbaj Oja~bm! L“i fmbxm d| m`jta| `w`t|bm` js Mlds-’

‑Mlds l~ ls ~k`m-’

Njtaj s~bbn p loflmh p ~k` dbxa jmn sk` ~l`n l~ lm~b j ajth` sjpo`jm ~kj~ xjs bm j

ajth` htlaa bw`t ~k` glt`- Njtjps oji` jnnlmh lm xl~k gbpt b~k`t nbhs ~xb sijaa ~`ttl`t ~|` jmn

~xb ajth`t a`jm! |bp obpan s`` ~k` bx`t lm ~k` jlt“s dbnl`s- D`klmn ~k`m oji` j |bpmh xbijm

mb ban`t ~kjm k`t- _k` xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg e`jms jmn j w`s~ s~|a` ~b- _k` kjn ~b k`t `jt j

ibdla` jmn xjs ~jaflmh ~b sbi`bm` jdbp~ jt~ bt sbi`~klmh slilajt-

Xk`m ~k` xbijm kjn jttlw`n sk` sj~ nbxm d`sln` k`t ~jflmh bp~ j sijaa djh bg ~bdjoob

jmn j sijaa ajs~lo djh- Gtbi ~k` sijaa ajs~lo djh sk` ~bbf j zpjml~| bg Ojidjt jmn ~k`

xbijm s~jt~`n ~b ijf` j Ojidjt il{-

_k` ~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm jmn sjln! ‑Tj~k`t ~kjm ps` |bpts! ps` ilm`! L“w` hb~ ibt` obilmh

sbi`~li` lm ~k` m`{~ obpa` bg kbpts-’

‑^kjmfs ij~`- \bpt m`x jt`m“~ |bp- L“i Klml~j jmn ~k` ~xb sijaa nbhs jt` ilm`- ^k` bm`

xl~k ~k` dtbxm mbs` ls Kliis ~k` b~k`t ls Ijàs~tpi- ^k` b~k`t ~xb dàbmh ~b ~xb bg ~k` hp|s~jaflmh ~b ^li-’ Klml~j ~k`m abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx j ab~ bg m`x gjo`s- ‑Bf- Xk`m nln ~k`

g`s~lwja hjlm sb ijm| m`x `ba`2’



48:

‑\`jk! L“i fmbxm js Mlds! jmn |`s |bp kjw` ^lmj Htlggl~ks ~b ~kjmf gbt ~k` spnn`m

lmot`js` lm kà`ts-’

^li xjaf`n djof lm abbflmh t`jaa| kj| jmn spttls`n- ^li xjaf`n ~b xk`t` sk` xjs

sl~~lmh jmn sjln ~b k`t jg~`t k` kjn fmà~ nbxm! ‑X`“w` m`w`t hb~ ~k` g`mo` ~b ~k` bsl~lbm l~ ls

mbx pm~la iln ^btdjt- L xbm“~ jsf! dp~ gòf i` |bp ab~ xbtf gjs~-’

Ijaaj ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn jsf`n! ‑Kbx ipok ls nbm` ~k`m ^li2’

‑X`“w` eps~ hb~ ~k` oklaa bp~ jt`j ~b g`mo` jmn ~k`m ~k` lm~`tmjas jmn sòpt` obibpmns ~b

sbt~-’

‑^kj~ ls hbbn! jsspilmh ~k` ijtzp``s obi` ~bibttbx ~k`m x` skbpan kjw` ~kì p d|

Paa`ji jmn ~k`m ~k` ajs~ obpa` bg nj|s glmlsklmh bgg!’ sjln Ijaaj-

‑^kj~“s ~k` kb`! L kb` ~k` g`molmh obijm| nàlw`t ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` g`mo`s ~bibttbx! x`

jt` sl{~| jmàs nbxm jmn ~k`| kjw`m“~ nàlw`t`n ~k` abx g`molmh x` m``n gbt ~k` jt`mj!’ sjln

^li-

‑Bf- Tlmh ~kì ~bibttbx apmok ~li` lg ~k`| nbm“~ jttlw` lm ~k` ibtmlmh-’

_k` abbf`n j~ Njtaj jmn jsf`n! ‑Xkj~“s gbt nlmm`t jmn xkj~ ls ~k` s~j~ps bg ~k` i`j~ x`

dtbphk~ djof2’

‑Pal~ skbpan`t jmn w`h`~jda`s- ^k` i`j~ ls j~ j aboja t`s~jptjm~ gt`ùlmh! Iàjmlm` jmn

Htlggl~ ~bbf ~k` ab~ jmn ntb`n l~ lm~b j gtl`mn“s ok`s~ gt`ù`t-’

‑Pal~ _kbpan`t- Kbx obi`2’ jsf`n Klml~j‑J g`x bg ps bw`t ~k` x``f`mn x`m~ kpm~lmh jmn dtbphk~ djof glw` flaas- X` dp~ok`t`n!

jmn sflmm`n ~kì d`gbt` x` a`g~ xk`t` x` x`t`- Jds L fmbx ls hblmh ~b s`mn sbi` ~li`

oa`jmlmh ~k` sflms xklas~ x`“t` k`t`-’

Klml~j abbf`n jmn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ sbi`~klmh jmn ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Kbx ipok nb |bp xjm~ gbt

j sflm2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! |bpt d`s~ d`~ ls ~b ~jaf ~b Jds jdbp~ l~-’

Klml~j ~k`m abbf`n nbxm s``lmh ~k` wjtlbps l~ìs bm k`t aj sk` s~jt~`n ~b ijf` j Ojidjt il{ gtbi spa| lm Mlds“ ~lm- _jmntj xjaf`n djof lm silalmh jmn ojtt|lmh j tpofsjof ~kj~

abbf`n tj~k`t gpaa- Js sk` xjaf`n js~ k`t _jmntj s~b`n jmn bma| xk`m sk` xjs abbflmh p j~

k`t jt~m`t nln _jmntj ajo` j flss bm k`t als- _jmntj ~k`m xjaf`n ~b ~k` ~`m~ jmn ~bbf bgg ~k`

sijaa tpofsjof- _jmntj ajo`n l~ lmsln` ~k` lmm`t ~`m~ jmn ~bbf j djh gtbi l~ ojtt|lmh l~ ~b xk`t`

sk` xjs sl~~lmh- _k` ~bbf gtbi k`t bpok j oa`jt djh jmn jss`n l~ ~b k`t sj|lmh! ‑\bpts kpm-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` tàl`n silalmh-

Klml~j abbf`n j~ ~k` djh jmn sjln! ‑Kbx ipok ls lm ~kj~ djh2’

‑Jaibs~ ~xb bpmo`s! l~“s xkj~ bpt ~lms ~jf`!’ tàl`n _jmntj- ‑Jtk! L s`` |bp sibf`! xàa

kjw` j t`s`m~ gtbi ~k` aboja Hjmhtàs-’ _jmntj ~bbf j djh gtbi ~k` ajth` bm` jmn hjw` l~ ~b



Klml~j sj|lmh! ‑Eps~ nbm“~ sàa l~-’

Klml~j abbf`n j~ ~k` djh jmn s~jt~`n ~b sj| sbi`~klmh ~k`m _jmntj op~ k`t bgg! ‑^k`

Hjmhtàs h`~ Ojidjt gt``! jmn x` htbx `mbphk ~b xl` bp~ ~k` m``n gbt n`ja`ts jmn ~k` sìl

laa`hja ~tjn` lm l~! jmn bpts ls j ab~ s~tbmh`t ~kjm |bp h`~ bm ~k` s~t``~s-’ _jmntj ~k`m abbf`n j~

Ebkm jmn Oàlj jmn sjln! ‑K`t` gbt ~k` jlt bg |bp! eps~ pmn`t ~xb bpmo`s `jok-’

‑\bpt flnnlmh*’ `{oajli`n Ebkm xklas~ k` xjs abbflmh w`t| xln` `|`n j~ ~k` djh lm kls

aj-

‑Mb! j~ sbi` blm~ bw`t ~k` m`{~ obpa` bg x``fs hlw` i` j als~ bg jaa ~k` obt` ot`x

sibf`ts jmn L“aa hlw` l~ ~b X`s~`t Sjtf _aln`ts- ^k`| kjw` jht``n ~b spa| ~k` obt` ot`x xl~k

gt`` Ojidjt- ^k`| jabmh xl~k _N Pml~ Mlm` xlaa d` tbwlnlmh spbt~ gbto`s skbpan x` m``n l~

bw`t ~k` m`{~ obpa` bg x``fs-’

‑^kj~“s j hbbn blm~ L m``n ~b ~jaf ~b |bp jdbp~ ~k` sòptl~| jttjmhì`m~s gbt ~k`

x``f`mn!’ sjln Ebkm-

‑Kjw` ~kj~ okj~ jg~`t nlmm`t L ~klmf!’ sk` tàl`n-

%%%%%

_j~ lm ~k` b`m nbbt bg ~k` dap` wjm xjs Mlds- _k` aln k`t ls~ba kbi` jmn xjs jdbp~ ~b

s~jt~ ~`joklmh _jmntj jdbp~ ~k` Obiijmn jmn Obm~tba! jmn ~k` sptw`laajmo` b~lbms ~k`| mbx

kjn-

Ebkm kbdda`n bw`t jmn a`m~ jhjlms~ ~k` nbbt jmn jsf`n! ‑Kbx ipok nb |bp hp|s fmbx

jdbp~ ~k` optt`m~ sl~pj~lbm spttbpmnlmh ~k` Dap` Nljibmns2’

‑@mbphk ~b fmbx lg ~k`| obi` ojaalmh bw`t ~k` x``f`mn! ~k`| xlaa kjw` ~k` w`t| skjt

~klm `nh` bg ~k` s~lof xl~k ps jmn ~k` b~k`t aboja pml~s- Xk`m L a`g~ L wlsl~`n j obpa` bg aboja

pml~s jmn jsf`n ~kì jdbp~ ~k` optt`m~ sl~pj~lbm! xklok ls ~kj~ O`m~tja kjs nòajt`n ~k` `m~lt`

hjmh S`tsbmmj mbm Htj~j- Xklok i`jm“s d`lmh s``m lm jm|~klmh tàj~`n ~b ~k` Dap` Nljibmns

jmn `{ò~ ~b d` tìbw`n gtbi ~k` h`m`)bba!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑L jsf`n |bp!’ jmn Ebkm xjs abbflmh j~ Mlds! ‑`jtal`t jdbp~ ~k` a`wà bg ~tjlmlmh `ba`

kjn- \bp sjln sbi`~klmh jdbp~ Hjmhtà Djslo ^tjlmlmh! xkj~ nb`s ~kj~ lmwbaw`2’ jsf`n Ebkm

xklas~ k` xjs abbflmh j~ _jmntj-

‑Djslo ^tjlmlmh lmwbaw`s mbtijaa| j ilmlipi bg ~`m ijm pml~s a`jtmlmh kbx d` j pml~!

d`lmh sjg` jtbpmn glt` jtis gtbi ~k` ls~bas x` jaa ojtt| ~ktbphk ~b ~k` K_Xs- X` jasb a jtm

kbx ~b tb~ò~ bpt)sàw`s lm db~k tjmh`n jmn p oabs` jmn `tsbmja db~k xl~k bpt gls~s jmn b~k`t

obidj~ x`jbms-’‑Bf! kbx jdbp~ sòptl~| tbo`npt`s2’

_jmntj xjaf`n ~b ~k` nbbt otbpoklmh nbxm! jmn tàl`n! ‑^k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms jt` ijlma| j



48?

oabs` jssjpa~ pml~! dp~ x`“w` alf` jaa ~k` b~k`t pml~s kjw` j djslo pmn`ts~jmnlmh bg sòptl~|

tbo`npt`s-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn! l~ jnw`t~s i| bxm lssp`s jdbp~ ~k` `m~tjmo` hj~`s!’ sjln Ebkm jmn k` ~bbf j

ntjx gtbi ~k` Ojidjt il{ k` xjs ojtt|lmh- ‑Xkj~ jdbp~ ~k` h`m`tja a`wà bg `zpli`m~2’

‑X` jaa xbtf bm j habdja obiipmloj~lbms m`~xbtf ~kj~ ls tbp~`n ~ktbphk ~k` obiijmn

jmn obm~tba o`m~t` lm ~k` wjm!’ Mlds tàl`n- ‑X` jt` jasb `zpl`n xl~k s~j~` bg ~k` jt~

`zpli`m~ ~jf`m gtbi ~k` jtibpt| d`m`j~k ~k` gbt`s~ t`~t`j~ bg Njtaj“s jt`m~s- X` jaa kjw` j

obia`~` s`~ bg! lmoapnlmh jaa ~k` ~òkmbabh|! Dajof Alhk~ jtibpt! IJ s`tl`s x`jbms jmn

JS@[ jiipml~lbm! x` jasb kjw` joo`ss ~b s~jmnjtn jiipml~lbm-’

‑^k` db{ k`t`!’ sjln _jmntj xklas~ sk` ~j`n ~k` opdbjtn d`sln` ~k` `m~tjmo`-

‑Obm~jlms j IJ83L_X xl~k j dà~ g``n ~b :3333 tbpmns bg :3ii dlmjt| JS@[ jiipml~lbm-

X` t`jt` gbt ~k` xbts~ jmn kb` gbt ~k` d`s~! jmn ~k` xbts~ m`{~ x``f`mn xlaa d` ~k` Dap`

Nljibmns obilmh nbxm ibd kjmn`n-’

‑Dajof Alhk~ |bp sj|2’ jsf`n Ebkm-

‑\`jk!’ Mlds tàl`n jmn joo`~`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` _jmntj jss`n k`t- ‑X` gbpmn 40

obia`~` s`~s j~ ~k` t`~t`j~ jmn dtbphk~ ~kì jaa djof- ^k` ajm ls ~kj~ jaa `ba` bm sòptl~|

np~| x`jt j s`~ jmn |bp ps` k`t` js ~k` djs` gbt ~k` sòptl~|-’

Ebkm abbf`n lm~b ~k` wjm jmn sjx ~k` ibml~bts jmn obip~`t s~j~lbms- ‑Ojm L ~jf` l~ jaa

~k` opdbjtns jt` x`jbms jmn spok ~|` `zpli`m~2’‑Ibs~ jt`! ~k` opdbjtns pmn`t ~k` d`mok obm~jlm sptw`laajmo` jmn obiipmloj~lbms

`zpli`m~-’

Ebkm ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n jotbss ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ~k` jt`j eps~ bp~sln` jmn abbf`n js lg xjs

~klmflmh jdbp~ sbi`~klmh-

Bp~sln` ~k` ot`x jt`j x`t` j obpa` bg ~k` aboja ~tjwàa`t w`kloa`s! ~k`|! gtbi xkj~ sk`

kjn d``m ~ban d| ^li jmn Njm! kà`n lm nòbtj~lmh ~k` sl~` jmn ~k`| bthjmlu`n ~k` jt~ hjaa`t|-

Klml~j kjn k`t Tpn`jskljm ntpi bp~ jmn xjs aj|lmh l~ xl~k j obpa` bg b~k`t ntpii`ts- _k`tììd`t`n djof ~b ~k` ~xàw` ibm~ks sk` kjn s`m~ xl~k Opdjnjt- ‛ L~ xbpan d` t`jaa| hbbn ~b

i``~ kli jhjlm- L fmbx k` xlaa kjw` j ab~ bg m`x s~btl`s jmn d`j~s- “

‑Kpm!’ sjln! _jmntj js Ebkm kbdda`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg kls gjila|“s ~`m~-

‑_btt|! ila`s jxj|! eps~ ~klmflmh jdbp~ ~li`s s`m~ xl~k b~k`t gtl`mns-’

‑Bf! |bp x`t` hblmh ~b ~`jok i` jdbp~ ~k` wjm2’

‑\`s L xjs! xjsm“~ L-’

^lmj jmn ^li sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt`! Jds xjs t`jnlmh bm` bg ~k` aboja j`ts lm ~k`lt ~`m~-

‑_b |bp hblmh ~b ~àa i` jdbp~ xkj~ |bp kjw` d``m p ~b ~k`m2’



‑\`s L ji- \bp fmbx jdbp~ ~k` tbxs jmn spok i` jmn ipi kjn-’

^li mbnn`n kls k`jn lm tà|-

‑^k` ibi`m~ L oabs`n ~k` nbbt ~k` ajs~ ~li`! j x`lhk~ alg~`n jmn Jds xlaa ~àa |bp L xjs sb

ipok ibt` kj|- J obpa` bg x``fs aj~`t jg~`t _jmntj jmn Sjpa“s ipi jmn njn“s gpm`tja! i`

jmn Jds ibw`n lm ~b ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms Kbi` Djs` lm _bp~k O`m~tja-’ _k` ~bbf j ntjx bm ~k`

Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn x`m~ ~b bgg`t l~ ~b k`t dtb~k`t-

‑Mb ~kjmfs! sls!’ sjln ^li! ‑L sibf`! dp~ L ojm“~ ~jf` j pt` bm`! l~ tls i| ~ktbj~ ~b

lò`s- kjmfs jm|xj|-’

_k` sila`n j~ k`t dtb~k`t jmn jsf`n! ‑\bp hb~ |bpt t`s`m~ gtbi _jmntj jmn ~k` t`s~ bg

~k` Wl{`ms2’

‑Xkj~ ~k` djh bg Ojidjt2’ jsf`n ^li js k` ~bbf bp~ kls ~bdjoob bpok! kls abmh

olhjt`~~` j`ts jmn sijaa djh bg Ojidjt-’

‑\`s-’

^li mbnn`n! ‛|`s“- ‑L obpanm“~ dàl`w` l~ xk`m sk` ntb`n l~ lm~b i| aj- Kbx obi`

jm|xj|! |bp jaa kjw` ajth` ~lms2’

‑\`jk! l~“s bm` bg ~k` `tfs bg d`lmh j Hjmhtà x` h`~ Ojidjt gt``-’

^li skbbf kls k`jn! jmn s~jt~`n ~b tbaa j Ojidjt il{- ‑L obpanm“~ kà dp~ mb~lo` ~kj~ jaa

bg |bp jt` ojtt|lmh ls~bas! kbx obi`! L ~kbphk~ l~ xjs mb~ `til~~`n pmn`t sbi` tpa`s |bp hp|s

alw` d|-’

‑Mb |bp ojm ojtt| j ls~ba js abmh js l~“s bma| abjn`n xl~k dajmfs- Bpts jt`m“~ x` jaa ojtt|

alw` jiipml~lbm-’

^li abbf`n j~ k`t lm skbof! ‑Xkj~! |bp jt` ojtt|lmh alw` jiipml~lbm gbt ~kj~! ojmmbm-’

K` xjs abbflmh j~ ~k` Oba~ [?? >> ijhmpi pmn`t k`t jti l~

_k` abbf`n j~ kli jmn sila`n! ‑\`s- @w`m ~kbphk l~ ls pmbgglolja! ~k` Hjmhtàs jo~ js

O`m~tja“s balo` gbto`- L nbm“~ fmbx bg j slmha` s~t``~ hjmh ~kj~ ojm ij~ok j Xjt Ubm` Hjmhtà

gbto`-’

‑Kbx obi` sbi` bg ~k` s~t``~ hjmhs! gtbi xkj~ L fmbx jt` t`~~| hbbn-’

_k` skbbf k`t k`jn! ‑^b pm~tjlm`n `|`s |`s ~k`| ij| s`ì hbbn! ab~s bg wlo~btl`s jmn

spok- \`s2’

^li mbnn`n kls k`jn ~b k`t zp`s~lbm-

‑<3 bg jaa Hjmhtàs xk`m ~k`| eblm s`mn ~klt~``m x``fs alwlmh j~ obiijmn lm _bp~k

Nbofs a`jtmlmh kbx ~b d` j Hjmhtà- Js jt~ bg ~k` ~tjlmlmh x` jt` ~jphk~ ~b xbtf js j ~`ji! x`

h`~ ~jphk~ kbx ~b jo~ jtbpmn jaa x`jbms! d` ~k`| glt` jtis bt fmlw`s- J ajth` jt~ ls h`~~lmh gl~

jmn xk`m |bp jt` ~k`| kl~ |bp xl~k Hjmhtà _~t``~! bpt bxm obidj~ gbti! l~ xjs n`slhm`n ~b d``ggò~lw` jmn mjs~|- ^k` glts~ tpa` |bp h`~ ~ban ls ~k`t` jt` mb tpa`s ~b s~t``~ glhk~lmh- L~“s w`t|

~tp`! lg j flof ~b ~k` htblm xbtfs j~ s~blmh `ba`! ~k`m j flof ~b ~k` htblm kj`ms- Mlds ~bbf



480

nbxm j sl{ gbb~ gbpt lmok 403ads n`g`mslw` gbb~djja aj|`t lm ~xb ibw`s- _k` ajmn`n j flof ~b

~k` htblm jmn ~k`m dtbphk~ k`t fm`` p jmn l~ obmmò~`n xl~k kls gjo`- Mlds ls j ~tjlm`n s~t``~

glhk~`t js xàa! sb ~k` dpaa| xjs apof| js ~kj~ obidlmj~lbm kjs d``m fmbxm ~b flaa `ba`-’

‑L d`~!’ sjln ^li abbflmh lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg Mlds- K` ~k`m ip~~`t`n! ‑Tìlmn i` m`w`t ~b

h`~ bm ~k` xtbmh sln` bg ~k` Hjmhtàs-’

‑Bf- Kbx“s ipi! njn jmn Nbilmlo2’

‑Ipi jmn njn jt` bf! L nbm“~ fmbx jdbp~ Nbilmlo! L m`w`t t`jaa| ~jaf ~b kli pma`ss k`

lofs ~k` kbm` p xk`m L tlmh jmn ~kj~ ls tjt`-’

Jmhà xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` glt` ojtt|lmh j ~tj| bg ops-

^k`m j gjs~ d`j~ lof`n p gtbi ~k` ntpii`ts bp~ sln` jmn sk` s~jt~`n ~b sxj| lm ~li` ~b

~k` d`j~- ^li eps~ sj~ d`sln` k`t- _k` xjs ~klmflmh jdbp~ sb ijm| ~klmhs! dp~ sk` gà~ hbbn js

sk` kjn s`tlbpsa| ~kbphk~ ~kj~ xk`m sk` xjaf`n bp~ sk` xbpan m`w`t s`` ^li jhjlm! mb~ s``lmh

Nbilmlo xjs jasb mb~ j hbbn ~klmh ~b kj`m! dp~ ~kj~ obpanm“~ d` jwbln`n ~kbphk-

Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s bg eps~ sl~~lmh ~k`t`! ^li sjln! ‑L kjw` ~b jnil~ ~kbphk |bp nb abbf

hbbn sj~ ~k`t`! jsf |bp j `tsbmja zp`s~lbm sls2’

‑\`jk! L kjw` mb sòt`~s! sòt`~s a`jn ~b ils)~tps~ jmn b~k`t tbdaìs-’

‑\bpt ~l~s! jt` ~k`| t`ja! jmn kbx gjt nb |bp lm~`mn ~b hb2’

_k` sj~ ~k`t` jmn abbf`n j~ k`t ban`t dtb~k`t- ‑^k`| jt` t`ja- Xk`m L kjn glmlsk`n Djslo

^tjlmlmh! L xjs s``m d| bm` bg ~k` nbo~bts ~k` Hjmhtàs kjw` joo`ss ~b jmn k` xtb~` ~k` t`sotl~lbm gbt i` jmn kjs sjln ~kj~ k` xjs kj| ~b xtl~` j t g`ttja ~b jm| i`nloja nbo~bt

zpjalgl`n ~b ~t`j~ ~tjms `ba`- L“w` d``m bm ~kì `w`t slmo`-’

^li skbbf kls k`jn jmn sjln! ‑L kjw` ~b jnil~ |bp nb abbf w`t| hbbn sls! |bp abbf gl~!

s~tbmh jmn obmgln`m~- Mb~ alf` ~k` xj| L tììd`t Ebkm! k` xjs x`jf! ~liln jmn ajof`n

obmgln`mo`! dp~ L ojm s`` xk|! Oàlj kjs okj~~`n ~b i` jdbp~ d`lmh ~tjms jmn kbx l~ ijf`s

`ba` g`à- ^k` g`s~lwja kjn j ~tjms xbijm wbapm~` t gbt j obpa` bg |`jts d`~x``m ps a jwlmh

jmn i` obilmh djof- _k` a`g~ ~k` |`jt d`gbt` L oji` djof ~b kà- Mb bm` kjs k`jtn gtbi k`t slmo`-’

‑Bf- Xk`m Njtaj ~ban i` jmn Jds jmn L x`m~ skblmh! L nt`ji~ Ebkm xjs d`lmh lof`n

bm jmn j hlta nt`ss`n js j Hl~k ajln lm~b ~kì jmn soj~~`t`n ~k` j~~jof`ts- Xk`m L abbf`n p L

sjx ^lmj abbflmh djof j~ i`-’

^li skbbf kls k`jn salhk~a| silalmh js Jmhà jss`n db~k kli jmn k`t! j kb~ ntlmf-

‑Njim! l~“s hb~ j dl~ ml|!’ sk` sjln jmn ojaa`n ~b Jds! ‑Kpm ojm p jss i` i| ejof`~2’

Jds hb~ p jmn ojttl`n k`t ejof`~ ~b k`t jmn obm~lmp`n bm bp~ bg ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn s~jt~`n

~b xj~ok j obpa` bg `ba` xkb kjn s~jt~`n ~b ~xlta ~klmhs- _k` p~ l~ bm jmn sjln! ‑Kbx jdbp~

|bp! |bp“w` tbdjda| kjn sbi` jnw`m~pt`s |bptsàg2’



^k` m`{~ obpa` bg kbpts xjs s`m~ okj~~lmh jmn ~àalmh `jok b~k`t ~k`lt jnw`m~pt`s jmn

gpm-

‑L“aa sj| ~kls ~k` Hjmhtàs sbpmn alf` j ht`j~ dpmok bg `ba`!’ sjln ^li-

‑X` jt`! jmn ~k` g`s~lwja ot`x ~k`| jasb sbpmn alf` j hbbn htbp! eps~ alf` L tììd`t`n

~kì jmn ~k` g`àlmhs jt` ~k` sji` js L kjn xk`m ipi jmn njn kà`n-’

‑L fmbx! ~kbs` g`àlmh“s nbm“~ eps~ hb jxj|!’ sjln ^li jmn k` xtj`n kls jti jtbpmn kls

sls~`t jmn hjw` k`t j kph bg xàobi` kbi`-

Mlds jmn _jmntj sj~ lm ~k` nbbt xjt bg ~k` Obiijmn jmn Obm~tba wjm xj~oklmh lmj jmn

^li- ‑L~“s hbbn ~b s`` ^lmj g`àlmh ~k` xj| sk` nb`s mbx! sk` xjs w`t| jt`k`mslw` jdbp~

xkj~ jxjl~`n k`t xk`m sk` nln t`~ptm! sk` ~kbphk~ k`t ipi jmn njn kjn obi` djof jmn kjn

d`hpm ~b wbapm~` t jhjlm!’ sjln _jmntj

‑Xàa l~“s mlo` ~b s`` sb ijm| `ba` kj|!’ sk` tàl`n silalmh- ‑^bibttbx ls hblmh ~b

d` gpm glmlsk ~k` g`molmh jmn L ~klmf x` kà p~ ~k` ijtzp``s p-’

‑^kj~ xlaa d` lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln! ‑L“w` s``m wjtlbps ijtzp``s p- L xbmn`t xkj~ s~|a`

xlaa d` k`t`-’



488

Okj~`t 44

@jta| ~k` gbaabxlmh nj| Mlds! _jmntj jmn Njtjps x`t` sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` l~ kjwlmh kjn

~k` ajs~ sòptl~| sklg~ bg ~k` mlhk~- ^k` spm kjn d``m p gbt j obpa` bg kbpts xk`m ^lmj jmnJds“ ~`m~ nbbt b`m`n jmn ^lmj s~``n bp~-

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh |bp ~xb!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh ^lmj!’ sjln _jmntj-

_k` mbnn`n k`t kàab jmn blm~`n ~b ~k` s~laa s~`jilmh f`~~a`-

^lmj“s `|`s al~ p js sk` htjdd`n k`t iph gtbi ~k` `m~tjmo` ~b ~k` ~`m~ jmn sjx ~k` obgg``

jmn b~k`t l~ìs sj~ bm j sijaa ~jda` d`sln` ~k` glt` ajo`-

‑X` nln j dl~ bg j sfl tjln nptlmh bpt sklg~! jmn gbpmn j obpa` bg sajds ~kj~ xlaa s`tw` js

sbi`xk`t` ~b p~ ~k` f`~~a`s jmn ~k` ~jda` gbt ~k` obgg``! jmn b~k`t ntlmf ijflmh s~pgg-’

‑Mlo` ln`j!’ sjln ^lmj sk` htjdd`n j s`j~ d`sln` k`t- ‑\bp ~xb `meb|lmh l~ k`t`2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑@w`t slmo` |bp hp|s jsf`n i` ~b eblm L“w` abw`n l~! L sjln ~b Htlggl~

|`s~`tnj|! L“i `meb|lmh alg`! kjwlmh j jt~m`t jmn jaa ~klmhs Hl~k jmn Ja~`tmj~lw`-’

‑_ji` k`t`! |bp“t` j ab~ kjl`t ~kjm |bp x`t` ajs~ x``f!’ sjln _jmntj jg~`t ~jflmh j

ibp~kgpa bg obgg``-

^lmj d`m~ nbxm jmn sbt~`n bp~ k`tsàg k`t glts~ obgg`` bg ~k` nj|- ‑L fmbx! s``lmh ^li xjs

j spttls`! dp~ l~“s sb hbbn ~kj~ ~k` btlhlmja ot`x kjsm“~ okjmh`n ~kj~ ipok lm s`w`m |`jts-’

Jm kbpt aj~`t j obpa` bg ~tpofs paa`n p lm ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf lm gtbm~ bg ~k` hj~`! ~k`

~xb ntlw`ts jmn ~xb ij~`s oalid`n bp~- ^k`| xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` ot`x jt`j js sk` s~bbn p jmn

s~jt~`n ~bxjtns ~k` hj~` ~b a`~ ~kì lm- _k` s~b`n xk`m sk` sjx ~k`m xjaflmh ~bxjtns ~k`

ot`x jt`j jmn sj~ djof nbxm ~jflmh j sl bg k`t obgg``- _k` ~k`m gà~ ~k` x`lhk~ bg ~k` f`~~a` jmn

k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j ~b t`)glaa l~-

_k` k`jtn ~k` a`jn hp| sj|! ‑Kl! |bp hb~ j ntlmf bm lm ~k`t`2’

‑\`jk lm j sòbmn!’ sk` tàl`n js sk` ~ptm`n ~k` ~j bgg! bg ~k` mbx jaibs~ ì~| xj~`t

ojttl`t- _k` xjaf`n djof bp~ ojtt|lmh ~kì jmn gbpt ops sk` ~bbf gtbi ~k` ~jda` kjmhlmh bm`

bg ~k` f`~~a`s bw`t ~k` glt` l~-

‑L nbm“~ tììd`t |bp! xk`t`“s ^li2’

‑_~laa sa``lmh!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑Kjmh bm-’ Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns! ‑\bpt E`gg jt`m“~ |bp2’

‑\`jk! kbx nb |bp fmbx ~kj~2’ jsf`n E`gg abbflmh w`t| `ta`{`n-

‑L“i ^li“s sls~`t"dtb~k`t gtbi s`w`m |`jts jhb! L xjs fmbxm js Ebkm Htlggl~ks-’

E`gg abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sjln jg~`t tòbw`tlmh kls ibp~k gtbi ~k` gabbt! ‑^kj~“s sbi`

okjmh`-’

‑\`jk L fmbx!’ sjln ^lmj js sk` hb~ p jmn jsf`n! ‑\bp ab~ xjm~ j ntlmf2’



‑\`jk a`js`! ~kjmfs!’ tàl`n E`gg-

Jm kbpt aj~`t ^li“s ~`m~ nbbt b`m`n jmn j w`t| da`jt| `|`n ^li j`jt`n jmn sjln!

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh oji`ts- Hbn |bp“t` p `jta| sls-’

‑L fmbx L nbm“~ m``n ipok sa``-’

^li ~k`m abbf`n j~ _jmntj jmn k`t jmn jsf`n! ‑Jm| ~klmh ~b t`bt~2’

‑Mb! `js| mlhk~- Nln j dl~ bg sfl tjlnlmh jmn hb~ j sijaa ~jda` gbt ~k` obgg`` jmn s~pgg jmn

j obpa` bg sajds gbt ~k` f`~~a`s jmn jms ~b sl~ bm-’

^li mbnn`n jsflmh! ‑Ls ~k` xj~`t kb~2’

‑_~lof l~ bm ~k` glt` jmn l~ xlaa d`!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Kl ^li!’ sjln E`gg js k` xjaf`n djof lm gtbi ~k` ~bla`~s-

‑Bk! |bp jt` k`t`-’ ^li s~bbn p jmn ibw`n ~k` s`w`m g``~ ~b j gt`` okjlt- K` a`m~

gbtxjtn jmn kpmh ~k` gpaa`s~ f`~~a` bm ~k` kbbf-

‑Xkb“s hb~ ~k` f`|s gbt ~k` hj~` ^li2’ jsf`n E`gg jg~`t ^li kjn ~jf`m kls glts~ ibp~kgpa

bg obgg``-

‑Mlds kjs ~kì!’ tàl`n ^li-

_k` sila`n j~ E`gg xkb abbf`n tj~k`t jmmb|`n! ‑Xk| nlnm“~ |bp sj| |bp kjn ~kì2’

‑\bp m`w`t jsf`n!’ sk` tàl`n- _k` ~k`m jss`n ~kì ~b E`gg xkb s~bbn jmn ntjhh`n ~k`

b~k`t ntlw`t xl~k kli- J obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t ~k` ~xb ~tpofs“ `mhlm`s s~jt~`n! sabxa| ~k`|

ntbw` bm~b ~k` sl~` jmn jtf`n p eps~ bp~sln` ~k` ot`x jt`j- ^k` jlt xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` ot`x

jt`j jmn hjw` ^li ~k` f`|s-

‑^kjmfs!’ tàl`n ^li-

‑Xkj~ ls ~k` sl~pj~lbm jdbp~ ot`x gbt p~~lmh p jmn ~jflmh nbxm ~k` ijtzp``s2’ jsf`n

E`gg

‑I``~ |bpt ot`x!’ tàl`n ^li jmn blm~`n j~ ~k` ~kt``! ‑xl~k b~k`ts- ^k`| kjn 83 bg

~k` g`mo` p d| 8 ajs~ mlhk~-’

‑83*’ `{oajli`n E`gg! ‑^kj~ ls hbbn- Lg |bp“t` ~kj~ hbbn! ~k`m x` skbpan kjw` ~kì p

d| ~kls `w`mlmh-’

‑\`jk! skbx ps bm` jmn x`“aa nb ~k` t`s~! lg |bp xjm~ ~b sp`twls` ~k` obialoj~`n bm`s

alf` ~k` s~jh` : jmn 4 jmn ~k` Hjaa`t|-’

Jg~`t ~klt~| ilmp~`s ~k` glts~ slhms bg Oàlj jmn Ijaaj h`~~lmh p kj`m`n- xl~k Xlaabb

j`jtlmh gtbi k`ts jmn Oàlj“s ~`m~ jmn ~k` t`jt nbbt ~b Ijaaj“s wjm b`mlmh- Xk`m Xlaabb

kjn j`jt`n sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` glt`! l~ tpddlmh k`t `|`s! sk` sjln! ‑Kàab gtl`mns-’ Njtjps

jnn`n bw`t ~b Xlaabb jmn sk` d`m~ nbxm jmn hjw` Njtjps j s~tbf`! ~kls hb~ Njtjps ~b hlw` k`t j sab| flss lm tà|-

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh `ba`! jmn L ~klmf l~ xlaa d` j glm` nj| js xàa!’ sjln Ijaaj-



48<

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Dlh Ijaaj!’ sjln ^lmj xkb xjs silalmh! ~kj~ kjnm“~ d``m bgg k`t gjo`

slmo` sk` hb~ p-

%%%%%

J obpa` bg kbpts aj~`t ~k` ~xb ~tpofs kjn n`bsl~`n ~k`lt obm~`m~s bg `hs! ojda`s!

dpmna s bg wjtlbps obabpt n ojmwjs`s jmn ba` s o~lbms lm s`w`m aboj~lbms jtbpmn ~k` sl~`- Mlds

jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms jmn Tjln`ts! ilmps Ils~| jmn Njtaj js ~k`| kà`n lm ~k` ot`x jt`j

jmn ijmm`n ~k` O'O! jabmh xl~k j g`x bg ~k` b~k`t ot`x x`t` hj~k`t`n jtbpmn bm` bg ~k`

slmha` ba` ijtzp``s- L~ ~bbf ~k` htbp jm kbpt jmn j kjag ~b p~ ~k` jo~pja ijtzp`` p-

Xk`m l~ xjs gpaa| p jmn jaa ~k` sln`s x`t` bm Hjt|! Sjpa jmn j g`x bg ~k` ot`x x`m~ bgg

xl~k ~k` sòbmn ntlw`t jmn ~k` ~xb ij~`s ~b `tò~ ~k` ~xlm ba` ijtzp``s- L~ a`g~ ~kt`` slmha`

ba` ijtzp` s ~b d` tò~`n-

Js ~k` htbp bg ~xàw` gtl`mns jmn E`gg xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` glts~ bg ~k` la`s x`t`! sk`

sphh`s~`n! ‑A`~s p~ ~xb p jmn ~k`m ~k` glts~ ~b glmlsk s~jt~s ~b p~ ~k` ~kltn p-’

^lmj ojaa`n djof js sk` a`n Jds! Jmhà jmn Njil`à jmn Jmhàlzp` ~bxjtns ~k` sòbmn

la`! ‑Bf Mlds-’

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t jmn s~pof k`t ~bmhp` bp~ js sk` xjaf`n bgg-

Ht`~u jabmh xl~k Tjokà kjn jat`jn| s~jt~`n ~b sbt~ bp~ ~k` ba`-‑_a`nh` kjii`t! L fm`x L kjn gbthb~~`m ~b lof sbi`~klmh p!’ sk` sjln jmhtla| ~ptmlmh

~bxjtns ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ~k` ~bbas lm ~k` xkl~` wjm-

Xk`m sk` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j sk` sjx Iàjlm` jmn Htlggl~ db~k bm ~k`lt fm``s

jlm~lmh slhms gbt xk`m ~k` g s~lwja xjs b`m- ^xb ibt` m`x gjo`s x`t sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt`

ntlmflmh j ntlmf- _k` saln ~k` sln` nbbt b`m jmn t`jok`n lm! ~jflmh ~k` ~xb sa`nh` kjii`ts

gtbi ~k` ~bba jt`j- _k` ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn sjx ^li k`jn ~bxjtns ~k` hj~` js j ~tpof ojtt|lmh

sbi` ~bla`~s kjn jttlw`n-_k` ojttl`n ~k` ~xb sa`nh` kjii`ts djof ~b ~k` htbp jmn kjmn`n bm` ~b D`` xkb sxpmh

l~ jmn l~ lijo~`n ~k` ~b bg j s`~jnjt slf`- _jmntj xjs kbanlmh l~ pm~la l~ xjs lm ~k` htbpmn-

_k` obm~lmp`n ~b xjaf ~b xk`t` E`gg jmn ~k` sòbmn htbp x`t` h`~~lmh ~klmhs t`jn|- Jmhà

sila`n js sk` jtbjok`n jmn k`jn`n ~b ~jf` ~k` sa`nh` kjii`t gtbi k`t-

Xk`m sk` kjn t`~ptm`n _jmntj xjs kbanlmh ~k` ~kltn slf` xklok xbpan jo~ js ~k` djs` bg

~k` ba` Tjokà jmn Ht`~u x`t` ntjhhlmh ~k` wjtlbps zpjt~`t sò~lbms bp~ sb ~k`| x`t` lm ajo`

jtbpmn ~k` ba`-

E`gg xjaf`n ~b ~k` k`jn bg ~k` ba` jmn s~jt~`n ~b j~~jok ~k` gbpt s~`à ojda`s ~kj~ xbpan

spbt~ ~k` ba` xk`m l~ xjs p- ‑Mlds!’ sbf` E`gg js k` abbf`n p! ‑ojm |bp tpm ~k` gbpt



ojda`s bp~ jmn ~k`m ~jf` gbpt slf`s jmn ajo` ~kì j~ zpjt~`t blm~s-’

_k` mbnn`n k`t tà| jmn xjaf`n ~k` ojda` ~kj~ tjm nbxm ~k` jo~pja ba` l~sàg- Xk`m sk`

kjn ijn` spt` ~k` ojda` xjs mb~ ~jmha`n D`` jmn _jmntj xjaf`n ~b xk`t` sk` xjs s~jmnlmh-

‑Xk`t`“s ~k` m`{~ slf` hblmh E`gg2’ jsf`n _jmntj js E`gg xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` htbp-

‑St`~~| oabs` ~b xk`t` |bp jt` s~jmnlmh- Sajo` j slf` j~ zpjt~`ts ~k` ba`-’ K` ~k`m

~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` sòbmn `tò~lbm ~`ji-

J obpa` bg kbpts aj~`t ~k` jaa dp~ bm` bg ~k` ijtzp``s x`t` p jmn ~k` glts~ dj~ok bg

~bla`~s kjn jttlw`n jmn d``m sl~`n lm ~k` djof s~jh` jt`js bg ~k` gbpt `tgbtijmo` s~jh`s jmn ~k`

Hjaa`t|- ^xb kjn jasb d``m ajo`n lm ~k` ot`x jt`j- Bm` bg ~k` jlt kjn d``m s`ja`n sb l~ obpan

d` ibw`n ~b ~k` s~`xjtn jt j m`jt ~k` ijlm hj~`- ^k` ~bla`~s ~k` pdalo xbpan ps` x`t` jttlwlmh

bm Gtbnjt-

Xk`m _jmntj jmn sk` xjaf`n djof lm ~k`| sjx Ebkm xjs sj~ lm ~k` obiijmn jmn obm~tba

w`kloa` jmn s~bbn bp~sln` x`t` j jlt bg m`x xbi`m- ^k` a`g~ bm` bg ~k` jlt kjn ibps`|

obabpt`n kjlt! sk` xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg njtf dap` obtns jmn j dajof alhk~ ga`ò` ejof`~- ^k`

b~k`t xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg e`jms! j dlflml ~b jmn sk` kjn t`n kjlt ~kj~ t`jok`n k`t skbpan`ts-

_k` obpan s`` Ils~| sl~~lmh lm ~k` jss`mh`ts s`j~ `{ajlmlmh sbi`~klmh ~b ~k` ~kt``-

Njtaj xjaf`n djof lm gtbi sbi`xk`t` lm ~k` ijlm glàn jmn xjs gbaabx`n d| j obpa`

ibt` m`x `ba`- ‑Ntlmfs |bp ~xb2’

_k` skbbf k`t k`jn ~b oa`jt l~ jmn tàl`n! ‑^kjmfs Njtaj! Okjl a`js`-’

^k` jlt xjaf`n ~b xk`t` Xlaabb jmn Fj~`tlmj x`t` sl~~lmh jtbpmn ~k` glt`! Njtjps xjs

aj|lmh d`~x``m ~k` ~xb okjlts-

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` slhk~ jmn sphh`s~`n ~b _jmntj! jg~`t ~k`| kjn sj~ nbxm! ‑_kjaa x` a`~ ~k`

jlt bg ~kì d` lm okjth` bg Njtjps xklas~ ~k` g`s~lwja ls mb~ b`m ~b ~k` pdalo- L~ xbpan f``

kli dps| jmn kb`gpaa| bp~ bg ilsokl`g jmn xbpan hlw` ps ~k` ~li` ~b h`~ ~k` g`s~lwja tb`ta|

s`~ p-’

‑\`jk! L nbm“~ s`` xk| mb~!’ tàl`n _jmntj! ‑Oàlj! kbx nb |bp ~klmf Xlaabb jmn

Fj~`tlmj jt` hblmh ~b ~jf` d`lmh t`sbmslda` gbt Njtjps xklas~ ~k` g`s~lwja ls mb~ b`m ~b ~k`

pdalo2’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! ~k`| skbpan d` sp`twls`n! dp~ Fj~`tlmj jmn Xlaabb jt` db~k lm~àalh`m~ jmn

kjw` d``m jtbpmn jmlijas gbt jaa ~k`lt alw`s- A`~ ~kì kjw` kli ~bnj| jmn jsf ~kì jhjlm

~bibttbx jmn `jok nj|-’

_k` mbnn`n js nln _jmntj j~ ~k` hbbn jnwlo` Oàlj kjn eps~ hlw`m ~kì-

_k` sjx ~k` ~xb xbi`m ibw` jxj| gtbi ~k` wjm- Xk`m ~k`| kjn sk` sjx ~k` t`n kjlt`n

xbijm xjs ojtt|lmh j Nà~ ?08 lm j sln` kbas~`t- ^k` ibps`| obabpt`n kjlt`n bm` xjs jasbojtt|lmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` j Oba~jmjt Sbalo` _`twlo` Jp~bij~lo- Ebkm oalid`n bp~ jmn xjs

gbaabx`n d| Ils~|-



4;:

^k` t`n kjlt`n bm` jsf`n! ‑Xl~k ~k` m`x ~òkmbabh|! xkj~ xbpan kj`m lg sbi`~klmh

xjs ~b boopt2’

‑^kj~“s `js|! |bp kjmn jaa ~jo~loja obm~tba bw`t ~b ~k` sòptl~| gbto`s jmn ~k`| n`ja xl~k

~k` sl~pj~lbm- Kl L“i _jmntj jmn ~kls ls i| jt~m`t Mldbaj jasb fmbxm js Mlds-’

‑Ojtba Klaa! _~t``~ Hkbs~ jmn L xbtf js j dbpmo`t j~ j aboja mlhk~ oapd-’

‑Tp~k ^liis j ~`ji iìd`t xk`m x` h`~ bgg`t`n _~t``~ Hkbs~ xbtf-’

‑Jmn gbt ~k` ajs~ g`x |`jts ~k` g`s~lwja“s sòptl~| gbto`- I``~ ~xb iìd`ts bg ~k` m`x

jmn litbw`n sòptl~|-’

‑Kl! L hp`ss x`“t` hblmh ~b d` xbtflmh ~bh`~k`t ~k`m bw`t ~k` x``f`mn-’

‑L~ flmn bg abbfs ~kj~ xj|!’ sk` tàl`n js Ijaaj kjmn`n k`t jmn _jmntj j op bg kb~

slo`n Okjl-

_k` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa jmn sila`n j~ ~k` d`jp~lgpa ~js~` bg ~k` ntlmf- ‑Xkj~ jt` |bpt

~kbphk~s gbt ~k` sòptl~| bw`t ~k` x``f`mn! Ebkm2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑J~ a`js~ bm` `tsbm lm obiijmn jmn obm~tba- L xbpan alf` ~b kjw` ~xb! dp~ L ~klmf ~k`

mpid`ts jt` bma| hblmh ~b jaabx bm` lm ~k`t`- ^k`m sal~ ~k` `m~lt` gbto` lm~b ~xb jmn kjw` `jok

xbtf js j obidlmj~lbm bg s~j~lo sòptl~| bm ~k` hj~`s jmn j~tbas jtbpmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` sl~`!’

tàl`n Ebkm! ~k`m Njtaj kjmn`n kli j ~k`tija iph- ‑^kjmfs Njtaj-’

‑Mb tbdaì Ebkm!’ sjln Njtaj js sk` kjmn`n bp~ ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ops bm ~k` ~tj| sk` xjs

ojtt|lmh-

%%%%%

^k` jg~`tmbbm xjs s`m~ tàj{lmh lm ~k` ot`x jt`j ^lmj jmn Jds xjs bp~ jmn jdbp~

i``~lmh ~k` aboja pml~s- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms x`t` sj~ lm ~`m~ ibp~ks bt jtbpmn ~k` glt`- Oàlj

xjaf`n lm jg~`t t`~ptmlmh xl~k Iàjmlm` gtbi j aboja ajo` xklok s~bt`n jlm~ gbt `ba` jg~`t

~k`| kjn glmlsk`n xl~k l~- ^k` o`m~t` jasb jo~`n js j ajo` xk`t` `ba` obpan hb jmn h`~a`g~bw`t jlm~-

_k` gà~ sbi`bm` ~j k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t! jmn ~k`m j wblo` jsflmh! ‑\bp ~xb dps|2’

‑Mb!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

_k` ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ~k` wblo` jmn sjx l~ xjs Iàjmlm`- ‑Mb!’ sk` tàl`n jmn abbf`n

jtbpmn ~b s`` j la` bg tò|oa`n xbbn jmn j hbbn ~x`m~| jlm~ ojms bg wjtlbps obabpt- ‑Tlhk~

~k`m! xkj~ nb x` m``n2’

‑^kj~ ab~!’ tàl`n Htlggl~ js sk` sj~ djof blm~lmh ~b j als~ bm ~k` g`mo`-

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` als~ jmn sjx l~ kjn jdbp~ ~x`m~| l~ìs bm- ‑Kbx jt` ~k` slhms d`lmh

ajo`n2’



‑^k` bm`s bm ~k` hj~`s jt` d`lmh gl{`n d| s~tl ~l`s jmn ~k` bm`s gbt lmsln` jt` `l~k`t d`lmh

gl{`n xl~k s~tl ~l`s bt kjii`t`n bm~b bs~s jmn ~k`m ~k`| jt` kjii`t`n lm~b ~k` htbpmn!’

tàl`n Oàlj-

‑Xk`t`“s ~k` bs~s ~k`m2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` fmà~ nbxm jmn lof`n p j jlm~ dtpsk jmn

nl`n ~k` ~l lm~b ~k` t`n jlm~-

‑X` ijf` ~kì js x` m``n ~kì!’ tàl`n Iàjmlm` js sk` jmn _jmntj k`jn`n bgg djof

~b ~k` ojt jmn ~k` jlm~ lm ~k` dbb~-

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` als~ jmn nòln`n ~b s~jt~ bm ~k` slhm gbt ~k` _fj~` Dbjtn s~jh`-

Ibs~ bg ~k` jg~`tmbbm xjs s`m~ ot`j~lmh ~k` slhms ~kj~ x`t` m``n`n-

%%%%%

Gtbnjt 0~k Jpjt 3<533DM

Aj|lmh bm ~k` d`nnlmh ij~ Mlds xjs abbflmh bp~ jotbss ~k` ot`x jt`j- Db~k Ebkm jmn

FjWbm x`t` eps~ jdbp~ p! ~k`| alf`n ~k` aj~` mlhk~s jmn kj~`n ~k` `jta| ibtmlmhs! sk` obpan s``

~kj~ d` ~k` s~j~` bg ~k`lt `|`s- Fj~`tlmj jmn Nìilj x`t` db~k sj~ bm sijaalsk okjlts `j~lmh

~k`lt dt`jfgjs~s-

Lmsln` ~k` lmm`t ~`m~ xjs j sijaa la` bg oab~k`s jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` `tsbmja h`jt ~k` jlt

ps`n- ^k`lt ls~bas x`t` abof`n lm ~k` obiijmn jmn obm~tba wjm-

_a``lmh d`sln` k`t xjs _jmntj jmn j~ ~k` gbb~ bg ~k` jlt xjs Njtjps xkb jnn`n p

d`~x` m ~kì abbflmh j~ ~k` jlt xk`m k` xjs j~ ~k` nbbtxj|- _k` sxbt` sk` sjx j gjo` xk`t`

~k` ipuua` skbpan kjw` d``m jmn l~ sila`n j~ k`t- Njtjps ~k`m k`jn`n bp~ lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j-

Njil`à“s k`jn j`jt`n lm ~k` nbbt xj| jsflmh lm j abpn wblo`! ‑Nb |bp ~xb xjm~

obgg``2’

‑^kjmfs Njil`à- \bp“w` eps~ xbf`m sa``lmh d`jp~| k`t`-’ _k` sila`n j~ k`t- ‑Sa`js`-’

‑K`|! L k`jtn ~kj~!’ oji` gtbi ~k` sa``lmh gbti m`{~ ~b k`t-

‑Bk! |bp jt` jxjf` ~k`m!’ sk` sjln t`)alhk~lmh ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` sk` xjs sibflmh-

_jmntj tbaa`n bw`t bm ~b k`t djof jmn abbf`n p j~ ~k` tbbg bg ~k` lmm`t ~`m~-

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t jt~m`t xkb xjs kj|! silalmh jmn abbf`n w`t| tàj{`n- _k` jss`n

_jmntj ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn alhk~`t ~k`m Njil`à j`jt`n jhjlm lm ~k` nbbt- _k` xjs

ojtt|lmh ~xb ops `jok xjs s~`jilmh-

_jmntj tbaa`n bw`t jmn sklg~`n salhk~a| sb sk` xjsm“~ `{bslmh k`tsàg ~b ~k` g`s~lwja

otbxn- _k` ~k`m a`~ bp~ j api` bg sibf` jmn sila`n ‛~kjmfs“ j~ Njil`à- _jmntj tbaa`n bw`t

bm~b k`t gtbm~ t`joklmh bp~ ~b ~jf` k`t op gtbi Njil`à sk` ~k`m sl`n l~ js l~ gà~ kb~ gtbikbanlmh ~k` op d| l~s kjmna`- Ebkm xjs sj~ obbflmh bm j obpa` bg hjs obbf`ts ~k` gt|lmh jm k`

xjs pslmh oji` bgg jmn k` ~bbf bp~ j obpa` bg s~tls bg sbi` i`j~- L~ x`m~ lm~b j tbaa xklok



4;?

^li lof`n p jmn k` ~k`m k`jn`n gbt ~k` jlts ~`m~-

K` fmà~ nbxm jmn ~bbf j dl~` gtbi ~k` tbaa! jsflmh xk`m k` kjn glmlsk`n kls ibp~kgpa!

‑Mb tbdaìs ajs~ mlhk~2’

‑Mbm` x` k`jtn bgg! ~k` Hjaa`t| xjs p aj~`! dp~ l~ xjs zpl`~ ipslo jmn slmhlmh!’ sk`

tàl`n-

‑Bf! x` skbpan kjw` ~k` Nls~tlo~ lmsò~bt bm sl~` j~ jdbp~ ?-?3 >lsk! xklok ~`ji ls bm2’

_k` sj~ jmn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ l~! jmn tàl`n! ‑L“i mb~ spt` L ~klmf l~“s ~`ji ~xb-’

‑Tlhk~!’ sjln ^li! ‑Jm| okjmo` xk`m L hb tbpmn xl~k ~k` `tsbm sbi`bm` gtbi sòptl~|

obi`s xl~k i`-’

‑L xbpan kjw` ~kbphk~ sbi`bm` xbpan d` gt`` ~b!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~k`m s~jt`n j~ kli-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns k` a`g~ ~k` jlt ~b h`~ p- _k` ntjhh`n ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ~`m~

nbxm! sl~~lmh p xk`m l~ xjs- _k` paa`n ~k` sa``lmh djh gtbi k`t a`hs jmn sjln! ‑L m``n j

skjw` ~bnj| xl~k bp~ gjla! L“w` a`~ l~ hb ~xb nj|s! mb ibt`-’ _k` htjdd`n k`t jm~s jmn sal`n

~kì bw`t k`t a`hs jmn ~k`| x`t` eblm`n d| k`t ~tbps`ts- ‑L jasb m``n ~b h`~ sbi` xjsklmh nbm`!

~kls L“w` kjn bm j obpa` bg nj|s js xàa jmn L jlm“~ hb~ j oa`jm bm`-’

‑\`jk |bpt mb~ ~k` bma| bm` xkb m``ns ~b nb sbi` xjsklmh! sb nb L- L xbmn`t kbx ijm|

bg ~k` b~k`ts jt` jasb lm ~k` sji` sl~pj~lbm-’

J g`x ilmp~`s aj~`t _jmntj tbaa`n ~k` gtbm~ p jmn s~``n bp~ jmn lm~b j jlt bg sjmnjas

Oàlj kjn hlw`m k`t j obpa` bg nj|s `jtal`t-Js sk` s~``n bp~ sk` sjln! ‑L ~klmf ~bnj| L“i hblmh djt` gbb~! i| g``~ x`t` ~bphk`m`n

bmo`! L ~klmf ~k`| m``n ~b h`~ djof ~k`t`-’

Ebkm ojaa`n ~b ~k` jlt! js Mlds d`m~ nbxm jmn ul`n ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ~`m~ p! ‑Dt`jfgjs~

hp|s!’ sk` abbf`n j~ xk`t` ebkm xjs obbflmh jmn sjx j obpa` bg tbaas slilajt ~b ~k` bm` ^li

kjn eps~ kjn-

‑^kjmfs Ebkm!’ sjln _jmntj js sk` xjaf`n ~bxjtns kli jmn ~bbf ~k` ~xb tbaas-

_k` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` _jmntj xjs s~jmnlmh `j~lmh j ibp~kgpa bg tbaa! _jmntj ~bbf ~k`sòbmn tbaa sk` xjs kbanlmh jmn jsf`n FjWbm! ‑Nb |bp fmbx lg jm|bm` kjs j ? i`~t` a`mh~k bg

obtn! L xjm~ Njtjps bm j a`jn ~kls x``f`mn-’

‑Jsf Oàlj bt Iàjmlm`- \`jk ~kj~“s j hbbn blm~ xk`t` ls Iàjmlm` jmn Htlggl~- L“w` mb~

s``m ~kì ~kls ibtmlmh-’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! x` x`t` p okj~~lmh pm~la jdbp~ :! ~k`m i` jmn _jmntj ~bbf j j~tba jmn

~k`| kjn hbm` xk`m x` hb~ djof!’ sk` tàl`n jg~`t glmlsklmh k`t ibp~kgpa- ‑Xkj~“s ~k` i`j~2’

‑L ~klmf l~“s gtbi ~k` i`j~ |bp hp|s dtbphk~- _k` dtbphk~ ps sbi` |`s~`tnj| jmn sjln

sbi` ibt` skbpan d` obilmh ~bnj|!’ tàl`n FjWbm

^k` jlt mbnn`n ~kjmfs jtbpmn j sòbmn ibp~kgpa jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` Obiijmn jmn



Obm~tba Wjm-

Tp~k xjs s~`lmh bp~ js ~k`| jtbjok`n jmn sjln! ‑\bp ~xb xjm~ |bpt ls~bas2’

‑\`jk! ~kjmfs Tp~k!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` alof`n k`t glmh`ts jg~`t glmlsklmh ~k` tbaa-

Tp~k ~ptm`n s~`lmh djof lm~b ~k` wjm jmn obpan d` k`jtn b`mlmh ~k` opdbjtn d`sln`

~k` jiib s~bt`- _k` ~k`m t`j`jt`n jmn kjmn`n ~k` jlt ~k`lt ls~bas jmn jiipml~lbm dabofs-

Jmn hb~ ~k` btn`t xtbmh-

‑^k` >> ls _jmntj“s!’ sk` sjln xk`m sk` sjx Tp~k kjn jss`n k`t _jmntj“s ls~ba-

‑Bbs! sbtt|!’ sjln Tp~k xl~k j salhk~ okpofa` lm k`t wblo`! sk` ~k`m otbss`n k`t jtis jmn

hb~ ~k` ls~ba“s tlhk~- ‑L“i spttls`n |bp ps` ~kj~ ojmmbm!’ jsf`n Tp~k abbflmh j~ _jmntj-

‑L“w` gbpmn ~kj~ xk`m sbi`bm` ls abbflmh nbxm ~k` djttà bg j x`jbm ibt` ~kjm ojjda`

bg dabxlmh ~k` djof bg j k`jn bgg ~k`| jt` w`t| obial`m~ xk`m L xjm~ ~kì ~b nb ~klmhs-’

‑^kj~ L ojm pmn`ts~jmn!’ sjln Tp~k js ~k`| ~kt`` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` Ot`x Jt`j-

‑Nb |bp fmbx xkj~ kj`m`n ~b Iàjmlm` jmn Htlggl~-’

‑\`jk! ~k`| hb~ j ojaa gtbi sbi` sòptl~| `tsbm jmn ~k`| a`g~!’ tàl`n Tp~k js sk`

s~b`n jmn okòf`n ~k` nbbt bg ~k` ~bla`~-

_jmntj jmn k`t obm~lmp`n xjaflmh ~bxjtns ~k` ~tjn`ts ubm` d`~x``m _~jh` : jmn ~k`

^k`j~t` jt`j- Js ~k`| xjaf`n ~k`| jss`n ^li xkb abbf`n alf` k` xjs glhk~lmh xl~k bm` bg ~k`

sijaa ijtzp``s bxm`n d| `ba` obmmò~`n ~b ~k` g`s~lwja-

_k` mb~lo`n ^li abbf jtbpmn jmn s~jt~`n ~b tpm ~bxjtns ~kì skbp~lmh! ‑Mlds- _jmntj-

Kjmh bm ij~`s-’

K`jnlmh gtbi ~k` Oklaa Bp~ Ubm` xjs Jmhà jmn Xlaabb! Njtjps xjs xjaflmh j~ Xlaabb“s

k`à

^k`| db~k s~b`n jmn xjl~`n gbt ^li ~b oj~ok p- Bp~ bg dt`j~k ^li sjln! ‑Xbpan |bp

ilmn k`jnlmh gbt ~k` oklaa bp~ ubm` jmn glmlsk ~k` s`~ p ~k`t`! Iàjmlm` jmn Htlggl~ jt`m“~ lm

jmn jt` alfà| mb~ ~b d` lm ~bnj|-’

‑Xkj~“s kj`m`n! ~k`| wjmlsk`n ajs~ mlhk~- Tp~k sjln ~k`| kjn kjn j kbm` ojaa jmn eps~

a`g~-’

Jmhà sila`n j~ ~k` jlt js ~k`| jss`n-

_jmntj ~ptm`n jmn sjln! ‑Njtjps k`à-’

Njtjps xjaf`n jxj| gtbi Xlaabb“s k`à jmn jnn`n ~b xk`t` ~k` jlt x`t` s~jmnlmh jmn

sj~ d`sln` _jmntj“s k`à-

‑Gtbi xkj~ Htlggl~ ~ban i` xk`m sk` tjmh! Jntljm“s d``m s``m xl~k ~k` a`jn`t bg ~k` Dap`

Nljibmns jmn xjs s``m d`lmh ~k` `|`s js k` obaaò~`n tb~ò~lbm ibm`|! l~“s `w`m bm sòptl~|

oji`tj gbb~jh`-’‑Gòf i`- ^k`| alfà| ~b d` lm j~ jaa bw`t ~k` x``f`mn2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Nbm“~ fmbx!’ tàl`n ^li- ‑L“aa sbt~ sbi`~klmh bp~! dp~ obpan |bp ~xb hb jmn kà s`~p



4;0

~k` Oklaa Bp~ Ubm`2’

‑Mb tbdaì!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj jmn ~k` jlt ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` Ubm`-

‑L“aa s`mn j ob| bg ~k` jt`j ajm ~b |bp lm ~k` m`{~ g`x ilmp~`s!’ ojaa`n ^li js ~k`|

xjaf`n jxj|-

Js ~k`| xjaf`n jxj| sk` sjln mbnnlmh jmn silalmh j~ j iìd`t bm` bg ~k` s~jaas xkb xjs

s`~~lmh p! ‑L xbmn`t jdbp~ xkj~ ^li kjs eps~ sjln- L ~klmf Jntljm ls d`lmh a`n tj~k`t ~kjm hblmh

xlaalmha|! xkj~ xl~k xkj~ Iàjmlm` xjs sj|lmh ajs~ mlhk~-’

Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns _jmntj sjln! ‑L jht``! dp~ L jasb ~klmf k` ij| d` t`dàalmh js

xàa- ^b kjw` j njn jmn ~k`m abbs` kli wlba`m~a| jmn ~k`m ~b kjw` |bpt ipi s~jt~ s``lmh jmn

sa``lmh xl~k xbi`m ojm d` zpl~` j skbof ~b ~k` s|s~ì- L“w` fmbxm Hjmhtàs hb bgg ~k` tjlas

np` ~b a`ss-’

‑Dabbn| kàa*’ sk` `{oajli`n- ‑Xkj~ kj`m`n2’

‑Bm` hp| fm`x kls njn xjs lm ejla gbt iptn`tlmh j Obtbtj~` _òptl~| ‛hbbm“! xkb x`

glmn bp~ nptlmh ~k` ~tjla kjn d``m tpmmlmh j sijaa tb~ò~lbm tjof`~ lm ~k` aboja dpslm`ss`s- Ipi

nb`sm“~ nlwbto` njn! dp~ s~jt~s s``lmh db~k i`m jmn xbi`m- ^k` hp| x`m~ bgg ~k` tjlas jmn kjn

j m`twbps dt`jfnbxm- K` jaibs~ flaa`n klisàg xl~k kls ls~ba j g`x x``fs aj~`t- I|s~lzp` gtbi

~k` Njtf I|s~s Obidj~ _pbt~ Pml~ ~jaf`n kli lm~b hlwlmh k`t kls ls~ba jmn ~k`m dòji` kls

d`s~ gtl mn- I|s~lzp` ntbw` kli gtbi O`m~tja Nls~tlo~ ~b Hjmhtà Obiijmn ~kt` ~li`s j x``f

~b s`` bm` bg ~k` obpmsàabts ~k` Hjmhtàs kjw`- L ~klmf l~“s ~li` x` a`~ |bp lm~b ~k` xkba`sòt`~- Bma| ~k` J tj~`n pml~s fmbx ~k` gpaa lo~pt`-’

_k` abbf`n j~ k`t jmn x`m~ ~b sj| sbi`~klmh-

‑X` xbpan kjw` ~ban |bp xk`m |bp x`t` lm~tbnpo`n ~b ~k` hjmh! l~“s ~k` ~tjnl~lbmja ~li`

gbt ~àalmh iìd`ts x` ~ban ^lmj xk`m sk` xjs lm~tbnpo`n-’

‑Bf! L“aa a`~ |bp bgg mb~ ~àalmh i`! |bp hb~ jm| b~k`t sòt`~s2’

‑Mb- Bggloljaa| ~k` Hjmhtàs jasb lmoapn` :8 gpaa I`to`mjt| Obiijmns jmn :88 \bp~k

G``n`t htbps! ~k`s` htbps g``n ~tjlm`n `tsbmja nltò~a| ~b ~k` i`to`mjt| obiijmns- X` jasbkjw` jm pmn`t :>s sò~lbm ojaa`n ~k` \bpmh Hjmhtàs- Jotbss ~k` dtbjn ~k` tpa`s `jok htbp

alw`s pmn`t jt` ~k` sji`! x` ojt` gbt ~k` al~~a` `ba`- _``f iìd`ts gtbi ~kbs` nlsjnwjm~jh`

d| sbol`~|-’

_k` sila`n j~ Klml~j xkb kjn eps~ xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` Hjaa`t| sbi`xkj~ ~k` xbts` gbt ~k`

ajof bg sa``- ‑Ibtmlmh-’

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh!’ t`sbmn`n Klml~j tj~k`t sa``la| js sk` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` ot`x jt`j-

D`klmn ~k` Hjaa`t| xjs Klml~j“s ~tpof jmn kbi`-

_jmntj obm~lmp`n xk`m sk` t`jalu`n sk` xjs als~`mlmh! ‑^k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh kjs bw`t

::33 iìd`ts st`jn ~ktbphk bp~ _ptjdjm jmn ~kj~ nb`sm“~ lmoapn` ~k` spbt~ `tsbmja jmn ~k`



hp|s j~ obiijmn- ^k` t`jsbm ~k` _~t``~ Hjmh ls mb~ js dlh j~ ~k` b~k`t htbps ls ~k`

`mwltbmi`m~ k`t` lm _ptjdjm- ^k` w`t| mbt~k jmn sbi` bg ~k` x`s~`tm sln` j ab~ bg ~k` `ba`

xkb xbpan eblm ~k` s~t``~ hjmh eblm ~k` |bp~k g``n`ts- ^k` s~t``~ hjmh nb`s kjw` pml~s lm ~k`s`

jt`js! dp~ x` kjw` ibt` lm ~k` sbp~k- Ibs~ bg ~k` i`to`mjt| obiijmns kjw` ~k`lt djs`s lm ~k`

mbt~k bg ~k` ol~| jtbpmn ~k` M`xdtjm Obidj~ Nls~tlo~- Ibs~ bg ~k` obiijmns kjw` j g`x |bp~k

g``n`ts g``nlmh nltò~a| lm~b ~k` tjmfs! ibs~ bg ~k` |bp~k g``n`t pml~s g``n nltò~a| ~b j o`m~tja

bba jmn ~k` obiijmns s aò~ gtbi ~k`t`-’

‑Xkj~ jdbp~ ~tjlmlmh jmn jaa ~k` spbt~ s`twlo`s ~kj~ xbpan d` m``n`n2’

‑Hjmhtà Djslo ^tjlmlmh jal`s ~b jaa! jaa Hjmhtàs skbpan pmn`t~jf` djslo ~tjlmlmh- Bma|

j tjt` g`x jt` n`ì`n mb~ ~b m``n l~! |bpt bm` bg ~kbs`!’ tàl`n _jmntj js ~k`| t`jok`n ~k`

Oklaa Bp~ Ubm`-

_k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn sjx bm` ubm` kjn jat`jn| gpaa| s`~ p jmn xjs sìl b`m gbt

dpslm ss- J sòbmn xjs s ~~lmh p- ^k` jt`j“s h`m`tj~bt xjs lm ajo` jmn ~k` ~xb jt`js gbt ~k`

~bla`~s ~kj~ xbpan d` ps`n d| ~k` pdalo x`t` t`jn| lg ì~| jmn j~ ~k` b~k`t `mn xjs bm` bg ~k`

`m~t| hj~`s-

Js sk` glmlsk`n abbflmh jtbpmn sk` sjx bp~ bg ~k` obtm`t bg k`t `|` sk` sjx j ajth` ipa~l)

obabpt`n wjm ntlwlmh sabxa| jotbss ~k` glàn! lm gtbm~ xjs xjaflmh Njm xkb xjs x`jtlmh j klhk

wlsldlal~| w`s~- Xk`m k` kjn jttlw`n k` sjln! ‑^li s`m~ i` xl~k ~kls gbt |bp ~xb jmn k` jttlw`n

js L xjs obilmh jotbss-’

‑^kjmfs Njm!’ sk` tàl`n jmn sjx _jmntj xjs jat`jn| okj~~lmh ~b ~k` ntlw`t bg ~k` wjm-

_k` xjaf`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑Kl-’

‑Kl! L xjs eps~ ~àalmh |bpt obaa`jhp` L“i ~kls jt`j!’ sjln ~k` h`m~! xl~k j w`t| k`jw|

_lmmj|jm joo`m~- K` blm~`n ~b ~k` jt`j xklok sjln! ‛Oj~s s``fs Nbh“- ‑I| mji` ls Klìaltf-

L xjs xbmn`tlmh xk`t` ls Iàjmlm` bt Htlggl~2’

‑Gtbi ~k` t`bt~s x`“w` k`jtn! Ià“s sbm xjs s``m ~b d` lmwbaw`n lm jm bp~ajx`n hjmh

jmn ~k` aboja sòptl~| ojaa`n k`t ajs~ mlhk~ jmn x`“w` mb~ s``m `l~k`t bg ~kì slmo`!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Bf- Kjs i| jt`j d``m ijtf`n bp~2’ `mzplt`n Klìaltf-

‑Gtbi ~k` gjo~ bm` kjs s`~ p L ~klmf x` ojm jsspi` l~ kjs!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Jmn |bpt lm ~k` gjt obtm`t- Bma| bm` ibt` ~b jttlw` jmn ~kj~ abbfs alf` j s~jaa tj~k`t ~kjm

jm jo~pja jt`j!’

K`lialtf oalid`n bp~ jmn s~t`~ok`n sj|lmh xk`m k` kjn glmlsk`n! ‑^kj~ ls j abmh ntlw`-’

‑Xk`t` x`t` |bp d`gbt` |bp oji` k`t`2’ sk` jsf`n lm `tgò~ _lmmj|jm-

K`lialtf abbf`n j~ k`t w`t| spttls`n- ‑^kj~“s `tgò~ _lmmj|jm- L a`g~ Sbt~ Gt``~bm

|`s~`tnj| ibtmlmh- L~“s bw`t j ~kbpsjmn ila`s gtbi ~k`t` ~b k`t`-’‑L fmbx!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑L alw`n lm _lm|j gbt j kjag j |`jt jmn L kjw` j ~ja`m~ gbt loflmh

p ajmhpjh`s-’



4;8

K` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` jt`j xjs jg~`t j g`x sòbmns bg abbflmh j~ l~ k` k`jn`n djof gbt

kls wjm-

%%%%%

Js _jmntj jmn k`t xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j ~k`| sjx Iàjmlm` xjs ot|lmh jhjlms~

Oàlj“s skbpan`t jmn Htlggl~ xjs s~bbn d`klmn k`t xl~k k`t kjmns bm Iàjlm`“s skbpan`ts

obigbt~lmh k`t- _jmntj abbf`n j~ k`t jmn ojphk~ k`t j~~`m~lbm jmn lmnloj~`n ‛Ojm L kjw` j okj~

xl~k |bp“ ~b k`t- Htlggl~ ibw`n jxj| jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` jlt-

‑Xkj~“s p xl~k Iàjmlm`2’ sk` jsf`n

‑^k` aboja sòptl~| gbto` sj|s ~kj~ lg Jntljm ls lof`n p xl~k jm| fmbxm Dap` Nljibmn

~k`m k` ls hblmh ~b d` ~t`j~`n alf` j hjmh iìd`t!’ tàl`n Htlggl~-

‑Gòf i`*’ zpl`~a| `{oajli`n _jmntj- ‑Jaa L kb` ls ~kj~ lg k` ls sb~~`n ~k`m l~“s d| j

Hjmhtà pml~ jmn mb~ Ol~| _òptl~|- Kpm ojm L dbttbx |bpt SNP- L“aa ìjla ~k` aboja pml~s jmn

hlw` ~kì j k`jns p bm ~k` sl~pj~lbm xl~k Jntljm- Lg ~k`| obi` lm~b obm~jo~ xl~k kli ~k`| xlaa

bgg`t kli j ajo` js j tbd`! dp~ k` xlaa d` ~t`j~`n js j gpaa Hjmhtà! `w`t|bm` ls- Nbm“~ ~àa

Iàjmlm` L nbm“~ xjm~ ~b tjls` k`t kb`s jmn ~k`m l~ mb~ kj`m-’

‑\bp xbpan nb ~kj~ gbt Iàjmlm`2’ jsf`n Htlggl~ sbpmnlmh w`t| spttls`n j~ k`t bgg`t-

‑\`s Htlggl~- ^k` Hjmhtàs tòtpl~ gtbi ~kbs` `ba` nlsjnwjm~jh`n d| sbol`~|! gtbik`jtlmh Iàjmlm` ~jaf! Jntljm kjs d``m nlsjnwjm~jh`n d| sbol`~|- X` pmn`ts~jmn ~kj~ l~ ls mb~

`js| ~b obi` ~b ~`tis xl~k ~k` n`j~k bg j gjila| iìd`t `sòljaa| j abw`n gj~k`t! jmn ~k`m!

mb~klmh jhjlms~ |bp Htlggl~! ~b glmn bp~ |bpt ipi ls dl)s`{pja jmn sk` ls nj~lmh xbi`m ojm s`mn

ibs~ `ba` bgg ~k` tjlas- ^k` Hjmhtàs ojt` gbt jaa `sòljaa| ~k` al~~a` `tsbm! ~kbs` mb~ jda` ~b

n`g`mn ~kìsàw`s bt h`~ lm bw`t ~k`lt k`jns- L~ sbpmns alf` Jntljm kjs hb~~`m lm bw`t kls k`jn-’

_k` ~bbf bp~ k`t SNP jmn kjmn`n l~ ~b _jmntj jg~`t dbb~lmh l~ p- ‑L“i hblmh ~b hb jmn

kjw` j skjw`-’

‑Bf-’ _jmntj b`m`n M`~Dtbxs`t jmn x`m~ ~b k`t Hjmhtà ìjla jnnt`ss jmn gtbi ~k`

o`m~tja s`tw`ts sk` sàò~`n ~k` wjtlbps pml~s lm ~k` jt`j jmn s`m~ ~kì jm ìjla `{ajlmlmh ~k`

sl~pj~lbm obmo`tmlmh Jntljm jmn jsflmh ~kj~ ~k`| f`` jm `|` bp~ gbt kli- Jg~`t s`mnlmh l~ sk`

skp~ l~ nbxm jmn sjx Mlds xjs abbflmh lm j ilttbt gl{`n ~b ~k` g`molmh jmn lm gtbm~ bg k`t xjs j

dbxa-

‑^kj~ ojm mb~ d` gpm gbt k`t!’ sjln Htlggl~- ‑Xlaa |bp glmn bp~ lg ~k` nb glmn kli-’

‑Stbdjda| mb~!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑L~“s d`~~`t ~kj~ `ba` bp~sln` ~k` pml~ nbm“~ fmbx- ^k`

i`ssjh` xlaa d` t`jn jmn n`ja~ xl~k d| ~k` `ba` xkb m``n ~b t`jn l~-’



Htlggl~ sj~ ~k`t` jmn sjln! ‑L xlsk L kjn kjn ~k` Hjmhtàs lm Palm- ^k`| kj~` `ba` alf`

i`! a`sdljms! L“w` fmbxm ~kì ~b ~bt~pt`! tj` jmn n`htjn` ~k` a`sdljms jmn hj|s- L xbm“~ hb

djof `w`t! xàa mb~ pm~la x` h`~ d`~~`t ~t j~i`m~ ~kjm x` nb mbx- Djs~jtns- L xj~ok`n ~kì js

~k` ~bbf jxj| bm` bg i| d`s~ gtl`mns eps~ dòjps` sk` kjn d``m bp~~`n d| k`t `{)db|gtl`mn-’

‑^kj~“s mb~ tlhk~ j~ jaa-’ _k` xjs w`t| jmht| lmsln`! ‛Xk| nb `ba` nb ~kj~ kj~` `ba`

alf` Htlggl~! L d`~ ~k`| xbpan kj~` `ba` alf` Mlds jmn ^lmj- Mb! ~kj~ ls xtbmh-“

%%%%%

Mlds! _jmntj! Njtjps jmn li x`t` jaa xjl~lmh j~ ~k` ijlm hj~` gbt ~k` Nls~tlo~ Lmsò~bt

~b jttlw`-

K` xjaf`n p jmn sila`n j~ ~k` ~kt`` `ba` xjl~lmh gbt kli- ‑Hbbn jg~`tmbbm ^li!

ajnl`s-’

‑Jg~`tmbbm!’ t`sbmn`n ^li- ‑_kjaa x`-’

‑\`s! a`~s-’ ^k` htbp a`n d| ^li s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm D``t ^`m~ jmn _~jh`

:- _~bbn bp~sln` ~k` h`m`tj~bt `moabspt` xjs Dtjo! ~k` k`jn àò~tloljm! xkb sila`n js ~k`|

xjaf`n js~- ^li obms~jm~a| okj~~lmh ~b kli! jmsx`tlmh zp`s~lbms jmn jaa ~k` b~k`t ebds ~k` _l~`

Ijmjh`t kjs ~b nb xk`m ~k` Nls~tlo~ Lmsò~bt ls bm sl~`-

Jdbp~ kjag xj| tbpmn ^li jmn Hjwlm s~b`n jmn Hjwlm jsf`n Mlds jmn _jmntj! ‑^li

sj|s ~kj~ |bp ~xb jt` ~xb iìd`ts bg ~k` m`x sòptl~| ~k` g`s~lwja kjs dtbphk~ lm- L nbm“~ s`ì

~b kjw` jm| n`~jlas-’

‑^kj~ xbpan d` dòjps` x` x`t` bma| ìab|`n js sòptl~| xk`m ~k` g`s~lwja gbpmn bp~

~kj~ ~k` gbpt~``m iìd`ts bg ~k` sòptl~| ~`ji jaa kban Gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ alo`mo`s- Jasb mlm`

iìd`ts! lmoapnlmh ps ~xb! jt` iìd`ts bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh jmn jt` als~`n bm ~k`

O`m~tja Nj~jdjs`s js _òptl~| ~tjlm`n-’

‑Xàa xl~k ~kj~! L“i kj|- \bp ips~ fmbx bg ~k` sl~pj~lbm bm ~k` s~t``~s jtbpmn k`t`2’

‑X` nb! jmn x` jt` t`jn| skbpan ~k`| ~t| jm|~klmh- Jaa ~k` s~`xjtns kjw` d``m dtl`g`n

jdbp~ ~k` sòptl~| tbo`npt`s lm ajo` gbt ~kls g`s~lwja!’ sk` sjln- ‑Gtbi xkj~ x` kjw` d``m jda`

~b glmn bp~ ~k`| `l~k`t nbm“~ fmbx ~k` gjlt kjs j m`x sòptl~| ~`ji bt ~k`| ~klmf ~k`| xlaa d`

jda` ~b dtpsk xkj~ `w`t sòptl~| ls t`s`m~ jsln`- Xklok lg ~k`| ~t|! ~k`| xlaa glmn bp~ ~kj~ l~“s

~kì h`~~lmh ~k` tbphk `mn bg ~k` s~lof-’

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` ~bpt x`m~ xl~kbp~ lmoln`m~ jmn xk`m ~k` htbp jttlw`n djof j~ ~k` ijlm

hj~`! Hjwlm sjln! ‑L kjw` mb tbdaì lm jaabxlmh |bp ~b b`m jmn hbbn apof bw`t ~k` x``f`mn-’

‑^kjmf |bp!’ tàl`n ^li-‑Obiijmn jmn Obm~tba! Mlds- X` jt` oa`jt`n ~b b`m-’

‑\`jk!’ oji` djof bw`t ~k` `jtlò` gtbi jaa ~k` hp|s lm ~k` ot`x jt`j xkb obpan k`jt



4;<

k`t obii`m~s jdbp~ b`mlmh-

^k` ~kt`` xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn gbpmn ~k` s~`xjtn jmn sòptl~| dtl`glmh kjn

eps~ s~jt~`n jmn sb ~k | eblm`n ~k` djof bg l~-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` glts~ sklg~ kjn eps~ glmlsk`n! _jmntj jmn k`t kjn xjaf`n lm gtbi obia`~lmh ~k`lt

ajs~ j~tba ~k`| sjx Jds! Tp~k jmn Ojtba x`t` jaa sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` xl~k j kb~ ntlmf- Ebkm xjs

sj~ lm ~k` obiijmn jmn obm~tba w`kloa` js k` kjn wbapm~``t`n ~b obw`t ~k` bw`t glw` kbpts ~k`

g`s~lwja xjs b`m ~kls `w`mlmh-

_k` obaajs`n lm~b bm` bg ~k` s`j~s jmn xjs! sk` fm`x `w`t|bm` obpan s``! w`t| kj|

lmn``n- ‑^kls ls ht`j~! L xlaa kjw` ~b ~kjmf ^lmj gbt sphh`s~lmh obilmh-’

‑L~ ls ht`j~! lsm“~ l~!’ sjln Tp~k-

^k`m bw`t ~k` s`jf`ts lm O'O oji` Njtaj“s wblo` sj|lmh! ‑Obm~tba! Hj~` ~xb- X` kjw`

j htbp bg |bp~ks ~t|lmh ~b dajh ~k`lt xj| bm~b ~k` sl~`! jmn gtbi xkj~ L ojm s`` sbi` bg ~kì

jt` joflmh j~ a`js~ sln` jtis-’

Jaa bg ~k` `ba` sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` sj~ p xl~k xkj~ Njtaj kjn eps~ sjln-

Ebkm ~k`m sjln! ‑^kjmf |bp hj~` ~xb! i`ssjh` tò`lw`n jmn pmn`ts~bbn- Sj~tba ~`jis!

Obm~tba- K`jn gbt Hj~` ~xb-’‑Obm~tba! Sjpa- Bm tbp~` ~b Hj~` ~xb mbx- @^J 4 ilmp~`s-’

‑Obm~tba! Hj~` ~xb- Glt` Jtis Wlslda`-’

‑Ibw`!’ obiijmn`n Ebkm jmn jaa ~k` `ba` jtbpmn ~k` glt` k`jn`n gbt ~k` wjm! Jds

epi`n p lm~b ~k` b m sln` nbbt jmn sj~ lm ~k` ntlw`t“s s`j~- Ojtba` gbaabx`n Jds lm~b ~k`

jss`mh`t“s s j~ xk`t Mlds mb~lo`n sk` ntb`n k`t ls~ba jmn okòf`n ~k` dt jok jmn

ijhjulm`-

_k` skbbf k`t k`jn js sk`! _jmntj jmn Tp~k oalid`n lm~b ~k` djof Ebkm kjn sklg~`n s`j~s~b ~k` t`jt bm` sb jaabxlmh joo`ss ~b ~k` ijlm x`jbms s~bt`- _k` b`m`n ~k` opdbjtn nbbt jmn

sk` d`hjm ~b tìbw` ~k` x`jbms s~bt`n-

Js sk` xjs nblmh ~kj~! Ebkm sjln! ‑Ojt)jtf hj~` h`~ ~k` ot`x jt`j wjm `{l~ b`m-’

^k` m`{~ sbpmn xjs Jds s~jt~lmh ~k` `mhlm` jmn ntlwlmh p ~k` skbt~ ntlw`xj| d`gbt`

`{l~lmh lm~b ~k` ijlm jt`j-

^k` `m~lt` g`s~lwja xjs mbx jdsbap~à| njtf jmn zpl`~! js ~k` sòptl~| dtl`glmh kjn sjln

~kj~ ~k` sòbmn ~tbpda` kj`ms flaa ~k` sbpmn jmn ~k` alhk~s! bma| ~k` h`m`tj~bts jt` ~b tìjlm

tpmmlmh- _k` t`jalu`n ~k` mbls` b~k`t ~kjm ~k` h`m`tj~bts jmn wjm“s `mhlm` xjs ~k` t`wàa`ts

pmn`ts~jmnlmh ~kj~ sbi`~klmh xjs hblmh nbxm bt jdbp~ ~b hb nbxm-



Js Jds `{l~`n ~k` tbjn! Ebkm sjln! ‑@IP hj~` >! O'O! h`~ ~kj~ hj~` b`m-’

_k` jss`n _jmntj Jds“s sml`t tlga` xklok _jmntj ~bbf jmn ajo`n d`klmn xk`t` Jds

xjs ntlwlmh-

^k` m`{~ x`jbm xjs j KF44 _IH xklok _jmntj ~bbf jmn ps`n l~ ~b ~j Ojtba bm ~k`

skbpan`t- _k` ~k`m ~bbf bp~ j sòbmn KF44 jmn xk`m _jmntj kjn ~ptm`n djof sk` jss`n l~ ~b

_jmntj- ^lmj j`jt`n lm ~k` nbbt jmn ~bbf ~k` m`{~ x`jbm lm k`t kjmns xklok xjs jm IJ73-

^k` gbaabxlmh x`jbm xjs j sòbmn IJ73 xklok sk` jss`n ~b _jmntj- _k` pmoal`n k`t dbx

js ^lmj epi`n bp~ jmn nlsj`jt`n jmn sk` jasb ~bbf j kjmngpa bg mbtija jttbxs-

%%%%%

Js _jmntj oalid`n lm d`klmn Mlds sk` b`m`n ~k` opdbjtn kbanlmh ~k` IJ83 jmn

oal`n djof ~k` nbbt- Mlds kjmn`n k`t Jds“s sml`t tlga` xklok sk` ajo`n d`klmn Jds- _k`

jasb htjdd`n j KPP jmn jss`n l~ ~b Jds xkb xjs jdbp~ ~b s~jt~ ~k` `mhlm`- Jds ~bbf l~ jmn

sal`n l~ bw`t k`t k`jn jmn ~k`m x`m~ djof ~b ntlwlmh ~k` wjm bp~-

_k` ~ptm`n djof jmn Mlds kjmn`n k`t j KF44 xklok sk` ps`n ~b ~j Ojtba bm ~k`

skbpan`t- Ojtba ~ptm`n jtbpmn sk` sjx Ojtba“s gjo` xjs bm` bg skbof js Ojtba ~bbf ~k` KF-

Ojtba ojttl`n bp~ ~k` s~jmnjtn sjg`~| tbo`npt` xl~k ~k` x`jbm- _k` ~ptm`n djof jmn sk` sjx

Mlds xjs kbanlmh j sòbmn KF- ^kls x`m~ ~b Tp~k xkb xjs abbflmh bp~ ~k` xlmnsot``m lm ~k`

ilnna`- _k` ~bbf ~k` IJ73 Mlds jss`n k`t js ^lmj epi`n lm~b ~k` b`m nbbt jmn kpmh bm js

Jds ntbw` bp~ bg ~k` b`m @IP hj~`- _jmntj jss`n ^lmj ~k` IJ73 jmn ~kj~ xjs oabsà|

gbaabx`n d| k`t KPP pml~ xklok sk` ~bbf jmn nlsj`jt`n gtbi ~k` nbbt- Tp~k gbaabx`n ^lmj

bp~ bg ~k` b`m sln` nbbt-

_k` ~ptm`n djof jmn ~bbf ~k` sòbmn IJ73 Mlds xjs kbanlmh! sk` sjx Mlds pmoal k`t

dbx js sk` ~ptm`n jmn htjdd`n k`t KPP jmn jabmh xl~k Ojtba ~k`| db~k nlsj`jt`n bp~ bg ~k`

sln` nbbt- _k` epi`n bp~! ibw`n tlhk~ jmn fmà~ nbxm- _k` ajo`n ~k` KPP bw`t k`t k`jn jmn

obmglhpt`n l~ gbt ~k` sijt~ almf- ^k` sot``m lmsln` ~k` KPP nlsaj|`n ~k` Klhk gt`zp`mo| lmgtj

t`n wl`x bg ~k` jt`j- L~ skbx`n ~k` htbp bg ~x`m~|! ~x`m~| glw` `ba` sbi` s`w`m abbf`n alf`

~k`| x`t` ojtt|lmh jmn x`t` jo~lmh w`t| jhht`sslwà| ~bxjtns ~k` hj~` s~jgg jmn Njtaj-

_k` abbf`n jabmh ~k` g`mo` alm` jmn sjx s~`xjtns a`jnlmh ~k` `ba` jxj| gtbi ~k` jt`j

jmn b~k`ts x`t` jasb dtlmhlmh lm `{~tj gabbn ajis! xklok sk` fm`x obidlm`n xl~k ~k` ajis

bm ~k` wjm xbpan ijf` ~k`lt alw`s nlgglopa~ xk`m ~k`| ibw`n ~b sòpt` ~k` jt`j-

Ebkm“s wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑Jaa `ba` t`bt~-’

‑_jmntj k`t`! t`jn| |bp h`~~lmh i| oji Ebkm2’‑\`s L ji!’ tàl`n Ebkm-

_k` ~k`m abbf`n j~ ~k` wjm jmn sjx Ebkm sj~ lm ~k` nbbt b`tj~lmh ~k` IJ83! jmn sk`



4<:

obpan s`` Jds t`s~lmh k`t sml`t tlga` bm ~k` dbmm`~ bg ~k` wjm- _k` sjx Mlds kjn ibw`n oabs`

~b ~k` g`mo` jmn xjs s~jmnlmh dbx ntjxm djof! jttbx mb~ok`n- _k` ~kbphk~ ‛ L kb` ~kj~“s mb~

bm` bg k`t sòlja jttbxs-“

J g`x sòbmns aj~`t sk` k`jtn Ebkm“s wblo` obiijmn! ‑Mbx!’ jmn ~k` gabbn alhk~s oji`

bm jmn laapilmj~`n ~k` jt`j xl~k alhk~- ^k` obi`msj~bts ~bbf ojt` bg ~k` lml~lja hajt` jmn

jaabx`n k`t ~b wl`x xkj~ xjs kj`mlmh- _k` obpan s`` ibs~ bg ~k` htbp djt ~k` s`w`m x`t`

spnn`ma| abbflmh w`t| sojt`n jmn ibs~ kjn ~k`lt kjmns sklànlmh ~k`lt `|`s gtbi ~k` alhk~ jmn

~k`| x`t` abbflmh jtbpmn lm~b ~k` mbx l~ok dajofm`ss- _k` fm`x ~kj~ bma| `ba` ~tjlm`n lm

pmn`ts~jmnlmh ~k` s~t``~ xbpan fmbx kbx ~b t`jo~ ~b ~k` nlgg`t`mo`s lm alhk~-

Bm` `tsbm ojphk~ k`t `|`! k`! alf` ~k` t`s~ xjs sklànlmh kls `|`s! dp~ k` nlnm“~ abbf js

sojt`n js ~k` t`s~- L~ xjs js lg k` kjn d``m hlw`m sbi` ~tjlmlmh jmn ~ktbphk ~kj~ hjlm`n ~k`

nlsolalm` mb~ ~b abbf sojt`n dp~ obm~tbaa`n- _k` sjx ^lmj jmn Ojtba ibw` oabs`t ~b ~k` htbp-

Eps~ lmsln` ~k` g`mo` alm` xjs Hjt|! Sjpa jmn Njtaj- Njtaj xjs ojtt|lmh k`t KF48 jmn xjs

abbflmh jtbpmn j~ ~k` sl~pj~lbm d`|bmn ~k` g`mo`-

Ebkm“s wblo` oji` jhjlm ~kls ~li` bw`t j i`hjkbm`! ‑@w`t|bm` bm ~k` gabbt! jais p!

a`hs otbss`n j~ ~k` jmfa`s!’ k` jps`n salhk~a| ~b a`~ ~k` lms~tpo~lbms slmf lm jmn obm~lmp`n!

‑MBX-’

^k` s``n xklok ~k` sojt`n htbp x`m~ gjo` nbxm lit`ss`n `w`m k`t! sk` ~k`m t`jalu`n

~kj~ ~kls xjs mb~ j jt~ bg ~k` h`m`tja ajm gbt ~k` htbp jmn ~kls xjs ~k` glts~ ~li` ~k`| kjnn`ja~ xl~k ~kls ~|` bg sl~pj~lbm jmn sk` fm`x ~k`| x`t` w`t| sojt`n- Pmfmbxm gbto` xl~k

pmfmbxm glt`bx`t jaa ~k`| obpan s`` xjs j glhpt` lm ~k` sln` nbbt bg ~k` wjm jmn k` abbf`n alf`

k` xjs b`tj~lmh sbi` gbti bg x`jbm- _k` sjx ^lmj jmn Ojtba` ibw` jmn j~ ~k` sji` ~li`

sk` sjx Njtaj! Sjpa jmn Hjt| ibw` bp~ gtbi ~k` g`s~lwja-

_k` ijlm~jlm`n k`t bsl~lbm jabmh xl~k Tp~k! Mlds jmn Jds- _k` sjx ^lmj sxlmh ~k` dp~~

bg k`t IJ73 jmn l~ tìbw`n ~k` a`hs bg bm` bg ~k` hp|s xkb kjn tìjlm`n n`gljm~a| s~jmnlmh

kls x`jbm xjs sbbm bm ~k` la` m`jt ~k` g`mo` alm` js ^lmj d`m~ nbxm jmn sjln sbi`~klmh w`t|gbto`gpa lm~b ~k` hp|“s `jts- Bm` hp| x`m~ ~b pmok Njtaj xklok sk` dabof`n jmn dtbphk~ k`t

fm`` p jmn ~k` bx`t d`klmn ~k` lijo~ gbto`n ~k` hp| ~b galmok jmn ~kls jaabx`n Njtaj ~b

ja| j xtls~ abof jmn gbto`n kli jhjlms~ ~k` g`mo` jmn alf` ^lmj sjln sbi`~klmh ~b kli- Ibt`

~kjm alfà| obmo`tmlmh kbx s~pln k` xjs d`lmh-

^lmj k`jtn Njtaj“s i`ssjh` lii`nlj~à| a`jwlmh ~k` _fj~`dbjtn s~jh` jmn tpmmlmh gbt

xk`t` ~k` Wjm xbpan d` a`jwlmh ~k` ot`x jt`j- _k` sjx l~ a`jw` ja~`tlmh k`t j~k ~b lm~`to`~ l~-

_k` epi`n bm jmn htjdd`n ~k` kjmna` eps~ jdbw` ~k` nbbt- _k` ~bbf ~k` IJ73 _jmntj jss`n

k`t jabmh xl~k k`t KPP- Jg~`t ~k` wjm kjn a`g~ ~k` g`s~lwja jmn kjn ~ptm`n k`jnlmh jtbpmn lm j



ajth` jto ~bxjtns ~k` sl~` bg ~k` lmoln`m~- _k` epi`n nbxm jmn x`m~ ~b htbpmn- _k` ajo`n k`t

KPP bw`t k`t k`jn jmn ntb`n l~ lm~b ajo`-

Pbm sxl~oklmh l~ bm sk` xjs jda` ~b s`` ~k` xkba` so`m` gbt ~k` glts~ ~li`! ~k` klhk

gt`zp`mo| lmgtjt`n aji tbwlnlmh `mbphk alhk~ gbt ~k` lmgtjt`n oji`tj ~b ps` jmn xbtf- ^k`

so`m` xjs bg j ajth` htbp bg `ba` ibs~ bg ~k` ban`t bm`s x`t` s~jmnlmh lm j htbp ~b bm`

sln`! sk` hp`ss`n ~k`| kjn ibw`n ~b ~k`t` xk`m ~k` skl~ kl~ ~k` gjm- _k` obpan s`` lmsln` ~k`

g`mo` alm` xjs Njtaj xkb xjs mbx kbanlmh k`t KF48 jmn d`sln` k`t xjs Sjpa jmn Hjt|! db~k

bg ~kì kjn ~k`lt ls~bas bp~- _k` abbf`n bw`t ~k` glàn jmn sjx _jmntj jmn Ojtba epi bp~- ^k`

jlt st`jn bp~ gtbi ~k` n`jt~pt` blm~- _jmntj fm a~ jmn alg~`n ~k` IJ73 ~b k`t skbpan`t- Mlds

xjs ~k` ajs~ `tsbm bp~ d`gbt` Jds ~ptm`n ~k` wjm jtbpmn jmn k`jn`n djof ~b ~k` ilnna` bg ~k`

jt`j xk`t` sk` ~ptm`n jmn ijn` spt` Ebkm xjs lm j bsl~lbm ~b obiijmn ~k` so`m`- _k` sjx

Jds oalid bp~ jmn htjd k`t _ml`t tlga` pslmh ~k` dbmm`~ bg ~k` Wjm js j t`s~ sl~`-

_k` k`jtn Ebkm“s wblo` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì btn`t! ‑Jaa `ba` t`bt~-’

‑Ebkm! ^lmj- _`~ jmn t`jn|-’

Jg~`t j obpa` g`x ibt` sòbmns xklas~ ~k` s~`xjtns n`ja~ xl~k ~k` glmja t`jtj~lbm

lmsln` ~k` g`s~lwja sk` k`jtn Ebkm obiijmn! ‑Mbx’ jmn ~k` ~`m gabbn ajis lmsln` ~k` g`s~lwja

x`m~ bm jmn ~k` gbpt jdbw` ~k` nbbt bg ~k` wjm x`t` sxl~ok`n bm- ^k` alhk~ obi`msj~bts lm ~k`

KPP ijn` spt` sk` xjs mb~ dalmn`n- _k` sjx ~k` lms~jm~ ~k` alhk~s x`m~ bm ~k`| jaa bg ~k`

htbp dtbphk~ ~k`lt jtis jmn kjmns ~b sklàn ~k`lt `|`s gtbi ~k` w`t| dtlhk~ alhk~s- ‛ ^k` alhk~ ls

nblmh mb~klmh gbt ~k`lt mlhk~ wlslbm!“ sk` ~kbphk~-

_k` s~bbn jmn ibw`n pslmh j s~bp`n tpm jmn jhjlm x`m~ ~b htbpmn j hbbn dl~ oabs`t ~b

~k` htbp- _k` sjx Ojtba jasb ibw` jmn hajmo`n j~ xk`t` _jmntj xjs jmn sk` xjs s~laa fm`àlmh

xl~k ~k` IJ73 lm ~k` t`jn| bsl~lbm-

Xk`m Ebkm obiijmn`n ~k` htbp ~b ~k`lt gjo`s sk` bma| ibw`n xk`m ibs~ bg ~kì kjn

hbm` gjo` nbxm- Pbm t`joklmh ~k` so`m` sk` dtbphk~ ~k` skbpan`t s~bof bg k`t IJ73 tbpmn

jmn lijo~`n l~ xl~k ~k` djof bg bm` hp|“s a`hs ~kls ojps`n kli ~b obaajs` jmn sk` ajo`n k`t

gjo` w`t| oabs` ~b kls k`jn jmn sjln! ‑L dabbn| xàa kb` |bp ab~ jt`m“~ Dap` Nljibmns! ojps` lg

|bp jt`! |bp“t` lm j ab~ bg skl~-’ D`gbt` sk` s~bbn p sk` htjdd`n ~k` hp|“s ls~ba jmn ~kt`x l~

~bxjtns ~k` hj~`- _k` abbf`n j~ xk`t` l~ kjmn ajmn`n jmn sjx bm` bg ~k` s~`xjtns lof l~ p jmn

ajo` l~ xl~k ~k` b~k`t ls~bas jmn fmlw`s- _k` s~bbn jmn sjx bm` hp| kjn kls gjo` jhjlms~ ~k`

g`mo` kbanlmh kli ~k`t` xjs Njtaj xkb xjs kjwlmh j g`x xbtns xl~k kli-

_pnn`ma| lm jibmhs~ ~kì x`t` ibt` hp|s jaa bg ~kì x`jtlmh mlhk~ ojibpgajh` jmn

ojtt|lmh slilajt jssjpa~ x`jbms- ^k`m Mlds“ wblo` oji` bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì!

‑Aboja Hjmhtàs jt` mbx bm sl~`- Kjmn obm~tba ~b ~kì bma| xk`m ~k`| kjw` jo~lw` obm~tba bg ~k` sl~pj~lbm- Njtaj abof ~k` hj~` xk`m |bp h`~ djof lmsln`! x`“aa f`` ~kj~ hj~` oabs`n pm~la

~bibttbx-’



4<?

_k` ~k`m k`jtn Njtaj“s wblo` tà|lmh! ‑Obmglti`n xlaa nb xk`m mb~ kbanlmh ~kls hp|-’

_k` sjx bm` bg ~k` m`x Hjmhtàs ~jf` ~k` hp| gtbi Njtaj jmn k` xjs k`jw`n lm~b ~k` ilnna` bg

~k` b~k`ts xl~k ls~bas- ^k` hp| sk` xjs s~jmnlmh bw`t abbf`n p jmn ~k` abbf lm kls `|`s ~ban j

~ja` jaa bg l~s bxm ~b k`t! k` g`jt`n xkj~ xjs obilmh! k` fm`x xkj~ xjs hblmh ~b kj`m w`t|

sbbm- _k` abbf`n j~ kli xl~k j dl~ bg l~|! dp~ ~k` ajx xjs ~k` ajx! _~t``~ Hjmhs ~kj~ x`m~ bp~

bg obm~tba x`t` lmw`s~lhj~`n jmn lg ~k`| x`t` gbpmn ~b kjw` dtbf`m ~k` tpa`s ~k`m O`m~tja xbpan

jss j epnhì`m~! bma| lm ~k` ibs~ `{~tì` ojs` xbpan ~k`| jss S`tsbmj mbm htj~j epnhì`m~-

K` fm`x ~kj~ xk`m k` xjs ~jf`m jxj| k` xjs `ggò~lwà| n`jn js ~k` Hjmhtàs x`t` t`mbpm`n

gbt mb~ d`lmh w`t| s|ij~k`~lo lm sl~pj~lbms alf` ~kls-

_k` gà~ sbi`bm` ~j k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t! abbflmh jtbpmn sk` sjx j sòbmn hp| kjn

jttlw`n- ^k` jlt kjn ~jf`m obm~tba bg ~k` hp|- _k` ibw`n djof jmn ~bbf p j obw`tlmh bsl~lbm-

_k` sjx Njtaj! Sjpa jmn Hjt| t`~t`j~ djof lmsln` ~k` hj~` jmn sk` sjx Njtaj abof ~k` hj~`

oabs`n- _k` s~bbn jmn k`jn`n gbt xk`t` ~k` wjm xjs jtf`n- _k` s~``n p lm~b ~k` b`m sln`

nbbt jmn sjx Ebkm sj~ j~ ~k` djof silalmh j~ sbi`~klmh! ibt` ~kjm alfà| ~k` `ggò~lw`m`ss bg

~k` m`x sòptl~|-

%%%%%

Js Jds xjs ntlwlmh ~k` wjm! w`t| sabxa| pmn`t s~`xjtn `sobt~! djof ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j Mldsjmn _jmntj db~k sila`n j~ `w`t|bm` jmn ~k`m s~``n bgg jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` Hjaa`t|- @jtal`t lm

~k` `w`mlmh nptlmh ~k`lt sòptl~| sklg~! ~k`| kjn s``m Klml~j sj~ xl~k j g`x b~k`t `ba` jmn ~k`|

jaa kjn Tpn`jsk`jm ntpis oabs` d|-

Js ~k`| s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` Hjaa`t| Xlaabb! Fj~`tlmj jmn Nbtls tjm xl~k p j

kj| Njtjps bm kls a`mh~k bg obtn a`jn- _k` d`m~ nbxm jmn ijn` j gpss bg Njtjps jmn Njtjps

hjw` k`t j flss lm t`~ptm- ‑Xlaabb ojm L kjw` ~k` a`jn! x`“t` bgg np~| jmn L xjm~ ~b `meb| ~k`

obijm| bg i| jt~m`ts-’‑\`jk mb tbdaì! ojm x` abbf jg~`t kli ~bibttbx2’ jsf`n Fj~`tlmj-

‑Bg obpts` |bp ojm!’ sk` tàl`n jmn Xlaabb kjmn`n k`t ~k` `mn bg ~k` a`jn- Js ~k`|

xjaf`n bgg Njtjps xjaf`n j~ k`t k`à- ^k` ~kt`` tjm bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg _~jh` 4-

‑Kpm!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑\`s njtalmh!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑L“i mb~ spt` dp~ L ~klmf Jntljm xjs lm ~k` htbp x`“w` eps~ s~b`n-’

‑Xkj~ ijf`s |bp sj| ~kj~2’

^k` ~kt`` s~b`n j~ bm` bg ~k` ~tjn`ts s~jaas lm ~k` @js~ ^tjn`t Ubm`- _k` lof`n p j

mòfajo` jmn jsf`n _jmntj! ‑Xkj~ nb |bp ~klmf2’



‑Gbt |bp bt i`! L alf` ~k` otbss |bp x`jt-’

_k` sila`n jmn tììd`t kbx sk` kjn hb~~`m l~! ‛ L xjm~ ~b wlsl~ ~kbs` ~xb! glmn jii`tlj

jmn ~k` b~k`ts j~ sbi` blm~-“ ‑Mb L ~kbphk~ gbt |bp- L ~klmf l~s spl~s |bp-’

_jmntj ~bbf l~ jmn abbf`n j~ lm ~k` ilttbt jmn sila`n j~ k`t jt~m`t“s okblo` l~! nln spl~

k`t-

_k` sila`n j~ ~k` s~jaa bxm`t xkb xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~k` jlt jmn jsf`n! ‑\bp ~xb xl~k ~k`

sòptl~| ot`x2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Kbx ipok gbt ~k` mòfajo`2’

‑Bm ~k` s~jaa! xl~k xkj~ |bp ab~ nln ~kls `w`mlmh |bp n`s`tw` l~- ^kj~ hjmh kjs d``m ~k`

ojps` bg j ab~ bg tbdaìs gbt ~k` aboja jt`j-’

_k` mb~lo`n ~k` w`mbi ~k` ~tjn`t ps`n xk`m k` xjs ~jaflmh jdbp~ ~k` hjmh- ‑^kjmfs-’

_k` tà`js`n ~k` oj~ok jmn ajo`n l~ jtbpmn _jmntj“s mòf jmn oabs`n ~k` oj~ok- _k` abbf`n j~

k`t jt~m`t lm ~k` ilttbt-

‑^kjmf |bp kpm!’ sjln _jmntj jmn hjw` k`t j alhk~ flss bm ~k` als-

^k`| db~k sila`n jmn a`g~ obm~lmplmh ~bxjtns ~k` hjaa`t|- Js ~k`| jss`n bm` bg ~k` gbbn

w`mnbts bm sl~`! _jmntj sphh`s~`n! ‑Gbbn! L“i kpmht|-’

‑_ji` k`t`!’ sk` sjln js k`t s~bijok ijn` htpidalmh sbpmn-

^k`| db~k s~b`n jmn eblm`n ~k` djof bg ~k` zp`p`- Xk`m ~k`| hb~ ~b ~k` gtbm~ ~k` _fj~`)

jtf _~jh` kjn eps~ s~jt~ ~b aj| jmn ~k` wblo` gtbi ~k` slmh`t xjs klhk l~ok`n sot`ìs tj~k`t

~kjm jo~pja xbtns bt a|tlos- _jmntj“s jti sal`n ~ktbphk k`ts jmn ~k` jlt jss`n ~k` ijtzp``-

_~bbn m`jt ~k` djof xjs ~k` s~jh`“s s~`xjtn! ~k`| mbnn`n j~ kli-

K` abbf`n djof jmn ijn` ~k` slhm bg ‛Jtk“ ~b ~k` ipslo jmn slmhlmh- ^k`| jtbjok`n

~k` Hjaa`t| jmn sjx Klml~j jmn k`t ~xb nbhs sj~ bm ~k` htbpmn- _j~ bm j Tpn`jsk`jm Ntpi xjs

j ~jaa h`m~! k` xjs w`t| zpl`~a| aj|lmh j d`j~- _k` abbf`n j~ kli aj| jmn t`jalu`n! ‛ L m``n ~b

aj| jhjlm-“

Klml~j s~bbn xk`m sk` sjx ~k` ~kt`` jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~kì sj|lmh xk`m sk` xjs oabs`

`mbphk! ‑Xkj~ ~k` kàa kj`m`n `jtal`t2’

‑X` kjn jm lmo`n`m~ j~ Hj~` ^xb! ~k` bx`t jmn sbpmn d`lmh flaa`n x`t` js j tòjp~lbm-

L~“s djof ~kbphk!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑\`jk L fmbx- L sjx kbx |bp abbf`n j~ Eji`s! nb |bp aj| Mlds2’

‑L nln j obpa` bg |`jts jhb-’ _k` sila`n j~ k`t sj|lmh! ‑Jm| s`sslbms ~bibttbx L obpan

eblm lm bm2’

‑\`jk Eji`s ls ajmmlmh j obpa` bg xbtfskbs ~bibttbx jg~`tmbbm `w`mlmh-’

‑L“aa d` k`t`!’ sk` sjln- ^k` gbpt ~k`m xjaf`n lm~b ~k` jo~pja Hjaa`t| jmn dtbxs`n ~k``{kldl~s-



4<0

%%%%%

J xkla` aj~`t jg~`t jaa ~k` t`w`ja`ts kjn d``m oa`jt`n gtbi ~k` sl~`! _jmntj jmn k`t x`t`

xjaflmh djof ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j xk`m _jmntj s~b`n jmn abbf`n bp~)sln` ~k` g`molmh- _jmntj

sjln! ‑Kpm abbf j~ ~k` `tsbm sj~ ~k`t`-’ _k` blm~`n j~ kli-

_k` abbf`n bw`t jmn sjx ~k` h`m~ sl~~lmh ~k`t`- ‑L xbmn`t lg ~kj~“s Jntljm! gtbi xkj~ |bp

sjln `jtal`t ~bnj| L ~klmf k` obpan d`-’

‑L“i spttls`n k`“s sj~ ~k`t` jmn mb~ sbiàjo` xjti-’

‑_bi` `ba` m``n sjo` jg~`t xkj~ kj`m`n ~bmlhk~- X` ojm“~ fmbx xkj~ xjs hblmh

~ktbphk kls ilmn nptlmh ~k` ~jf` nbxm- L ojm hp`ss dp~ ~kj~“s gtbi sbi`bm` ~tjlm`n lm obidj~-’

^k` ~kt`` s~jt~`n ~b xjaf jhjlm jmn sk` sjln! ‑L kb` k`“s hblmh ~b d` jatlhk~ bp~ ~k`t`-’

‑L xbpan kjw` ~kbphk~ sb- L kb` k`“s hb~ sbiàjo` ~b hb js L nbm“~ ~klmf k`“s hblmh ~b

d` obilmh lm k`t`-’

_k` abbf`n k`t js lg ~b jsf ‛xk|2“

‑Iàjmlm` jmn Htlggl~-’ k`t gjo` xjs ‛\bp skbpan fmbx kpm“-

‑Bk! |`jk L gbthb~ ~kls kjs d``m spok j ht`j~ mlhk~ L gbthb~ ~kj~ ~kls lsm“~ tpm d| ~k`

Hjmhtàs- \bp“aa d` spttls`n j~ kbx ijm| dlh `w`m~s x` nbm“~ h`~ ~b ~kls ls i| glts~ ~tp`

g`s~lwja-’

^k` ~kt`` xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ~k`| sila`n j~ `w`t|bm` xkb xjs sj~ jtbpmn

~k` glt`-

Ijaaj xjaf`n lm eps~ d`klmn ~k` jlt sj|lmh js sk` jss`n ~kì! ‑S`ba` bg ~k` g`s~lwja x`

ijn` ~kls `w`mlmh `w`m xl~k ~k` tbdaìs! bw`t ~kt`` ~kbpsjmn nòfs xklok i`jms ~bibttbx

jmn _pinjt“s ~jflmh jt` tbgl~ gbt m`{~ |`jt-’

@w`t|bm` jtbpmn ~k` glt` okbtps`n! ‑\`jk-’ @w`t|bm` abbf`n w`t| kj| j~ ~k` m`xs-



Okj~`t 4?

Mlds aj| lm ~k` ~`m~! d`sln` k`t xjs _jmntj! xkb alf` k`t! kjn abw`n ~k` Gtbnjt `w`mlmh-

‑Lg ~bnj| ls jm|~klmh alf` |`s~`tnj|! ~k`m l~ xlaa d` w`t| hbbn!’ sk` sjln-

‑\`jk!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

_k` sj~ p js ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ~`m~ tps~a`n- ‑Xkb ls l~2’

‑Ebjmmj! L“w` hb~ |bpt xjsklmh lm j djh! L“aa a`jw` l~ bp~sln` ~k` ~`m~-’

‑Bf Eb! ~kjmfs!’ ojaa`n _jmntj-

_k` htjdd`n bm` bg ~k` ot`x ~bs jmn sal`n l~ bw`t k`t k`jn! jg~`txjtns sk` b`m`n ~k`

nbbt jmn dtbphk~ ~k` djh lm- _k` oabs`n ~k` gtbm~ jmn sbt~`n ~k` oa`jm oab~k`s lm~b ~xb la`s- _k`

~bbf bm` bg k`t ~kt`` oa`jm dtjs jmn jm~s s`~s jmn p~ ~kì bm! ~k`s` x`t` eblm`n d| ~k` oa`jm

~tbps`ts jmn j oa`jm ot`x ~b-

_jmntj sbbm eblm`n k`t lm h`~~lmh nt`ss`n jmn ~k` jlt `{l~`n ~k` ~`m~ xl~k Njtjps bm kls

a`jn- Njil`à kjmn`n ~kì db~k j obgg`` js ~k`| xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` glt` l~-

^lmj xjs sj~ abbflmh w`t| obm~`m~`n j~ ~klmhs jmn kbx ~k` ajs~ g`x x``fs kjn xbtf`n bp~-

‑Kl |bp ~xb! kjw` j hbbn `w`mlmh ajs~ mlhk~2’

‑Ht`j~ ~kjmfs-’

‑L xbmn`t xkj~ ~bnj| xlaa dtlmh2’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk ~tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Ijaaj gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j-Jg~`t sk` kjn sj~ nbxm! sk` jsf`n! ‑Xkj~ ls ~k` ~li`2’

‑385?0!’ tàl`n Ijaaj! ‑L“w` mb~ d``m ~b d`n |`~ jmn L xbm“~ hb ~b d`n pm~la `ggò~lwà|

Ibtb~k xk`m L“i kbi` jmn kjn j dj~k- L“aa d` djof ^btdjt ~b kà dt`jf ~k` g`s~lwja-’ _k`

xjaf`n bp~ jmn sj~ jtbpmn ~k` s~laa hblmh glt`- ‑L kjw` ~b jnil~! ~kls ls ~k` glts~ |`jt L“w` d``m ~b

xk`m x`“w` mb~ kjn ~b tàlhk~ ~k` glt` j~ a`js~ bmo`- \bp ab~ f`` sbi` s~tjmh` kbpts ~kbphk- L

mb~lo`n _jmntj sa``lmh |`s~`tnj| jmn |bp nbu` js xàa Mlds-’

‑L~“s sbi`~klmh ipi jmn njn ~jphk~ db~k i` jmn Sjpa xk`m x` x`t` al~~a`-’

_k` sjx Sjpa jmn Hjt| xjaf djof lm gtbi j j~tba bg ~k` sl~` jmn Sjpa ajo`n kls kjmns bm

_jmntj“s skbpan`ts jmn abbf`n abwlmh j~ kls sls~`t-

Kjwlmh obia`~`n ~k`lt aj~`s~ oltopl~ bg ~k` sl~` Sjpa jmn Hjt| db~k xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k`

Ot`x jt`j jmn sjx ^lmj! Mlds! jmn _jmntj kjn jaa xbf`m-

Ebjmmj ~k`m a`g~ ~k` ~bla`~ jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` Ot`x jt`j-

Sjpa xjaf`n sb k` xjs d`klmn kls ~xlm sls~`t jmn abbf`n nbxm j~ k`t- _k` abbf`n p j~

kli jmn sila`n- ‛^k` bma| xj| ~kls obpan d` d`~~`t ls kjwlmh ipi jmn njn jalw`!“ k` ~kbphk~-

K` ~k`m abbf`n j~ kls sls~`t“s jt~m`t jmn sk` xjs jasb silalmh abbflmh lm~b ~k` glt`-



4<8

K` ibw`n jmn ~bbf ~k` s`j~ d`sln` _jmntj jmn sila`n js Njil`à xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k`

fl~ok`m ojtt|lmh j ~tj| xl~k sbi` ops bm-

Ebjmmj jasb sj~ nbxm jmn sjln! ‑^kls kjs d``m ~k` d`s~ g`s~lwja `w`t- L“w` m`w`t s~`xjtn`n

j g`s~lwja xklok kjs ~k` wld` ~kls bm` nb`s-’

‑Xkj~ ls ~k` wld`2’ jsf`n Ijaaj js sk` xjaf`n bp~ gtbi ~k` fl~ok`m ojtt|lmh j obpa` bg

ops- _k` jss`n bm` ~b Mlds! xkb mbnn`n ‛~kjmfs“-

‑L~“s nlgglopa~ ~b n`sotld`! dp~ L“i g`àlmh js lg L ji sjg` jmn j ab~ bg ~k` pm~`ts jt`

`meb|lmh l~ ibt` ~kls |`jt js xàa-’

‑L“w` kjn obii`m~s lm ~k` lmgbtij~lbm ~`m~ jdbp~ ~k` m`x sòptl~| s|s~ì lm ajo`- J g`x

`ba` kjw` jsf`n xkb gbpmn ~k` `ba` lm dajof6 ~k`| jt` obpt~ bps! kàgpa jmn w t|

tbg`sslbmja- Jaa L nb ls sila` jmn sj|! ‛L fmbx! x` kjw` ~b ~kjmf bm` bg ~k` js~ iìd`ts gbt

~k` kà“-’ Ijaaj ~k`m ~bbf j sl gtbi k`t op jmn jsf`n! ‑P pm~la ~kls x``f L“w` m`w`t k`jtn

~k` mji` Hjmhtà _~t``~ hjmh! jmn |`~ sbi` bm` sjln |bp hp|s kjw` ::33 aps iìd`ts! kbx

obi`2’

Hjt| xjs ~k` glts~ ~b tà|! ‑^k` slia`s~ t`jsbm ls ~kj~ x` nbm“~ jnw`t~ls` js b~k`t hjmhs

nb b~k`t ~kjm x` jt` jaa iìd`ts bg ~k` Hl~k opa~pt`- Ibs~ bg bpt iìd`ts obi` gtbi `l~k`t

gjilal`s bg t`wlbps iìd`ts bt ~k` dtb~k`t bt sls~`ts bg optt`m~ iìd`ts! x` jasb ~jf`

iìd`ts gtbi ~kbs` nlsjnwjm~jh`n d| sbol`~|-’

Ebjmmj abbf`n j~ Hjt| xl~k j gjo` ~kj~ jsf`n ‛xkj~“- _k` jsf`n! ‑Nlsjnwjm~jh`n d|sbol`~|2’

‑\`s Ebjmmj!’ _jmntj tàl`n- ‑I| jt~m`t Mlds jttlw`n j~ ~k` sokbba ibs~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms

j~~`mn`n ~`m ibm~ks jhb jmn dòji` ~k` b~k`t ijebt s~t``~ hjmh j~ ~k` sokbba gjwbptl~` ~jth`~-

Tpa`s bg ~k` sokbba i`jm~ x` x`t` pmjda` ~b lm~`tw`m` js ~k`| x`t` jasb dpaa|lmh j g`x b~k`t

iìd`ts bg ~k` s~pn`m~ bpaj~lbm! dp~ mbm` ~b ~k` a`wà bg Mlds“ spgg`tlmh- J~ ~kj~ blm~ x`

bma| fm`x k`t ija` sln`- _k` ij| kjw` xjaf`n bp~ xl~k ~b ijtfs dp~ ~kj~“s np` ~b lm~àalh`mo`jmn s~t`mh~k bg okjtjo~`t! dp~ d| d`lmh dpaal`n sk` ls nlsjnwjm~jh`n d| ~k` sokbba opa~pt`-’ _k`

~bbf j ibp~kgpa jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑Js ls bpt xj| L jsf`n `w`t|bm` xkj~ ~k`| ~kbphk~ jdbp~ ps

lmwl~lmh Mlds ~b eblm ps- @w`t|bm` kjn mb tbdaì jmn sb L dtbf` lm~b kls ajo` jmn abbf`n j~

~k` `tsbm Mlds ls! l~“s mbx ~kj~ L glmn bp~ sk`“s ls ^tjms jmn l~“s ~k`m L pmn`ts~jmn ~k`

n`t`sslbm sk` s`ìs ~b d` spgg`tlmh gtbi-’

_k` gà~ ~k` kjmn bg k`t jt~m`t szp`ù` k`t kjmn lm jm jggò~lbmj~` ijmm`t-

‑Obi` ~k` `mn bg `{jis jt~| ~b xklok x` lmwl~`n db~k Mlds jmn ^bi! bm` bg ~k` b~k`t

gjwbptl~` ~jth`~s! jmn l~“s ~k`m x` jsf k`t ~b eblm ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! sk` joo`~s jmn k`t` x` jt`

mbx-’



Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n Sjpa sjln! ‑Xk`m x` h`~ kbi` x` jt` ajmmlmh bm jsflmh jmb~k`t

iìd`t nlsjnwjm~jh` d| k`t sokbba! gtbi jotbss ~k` s~t``~ ~b ps- _k` abs~ k`t ipi j obpa` bg

|`jts jhb! njn ls ~ì xbtf`t jmn sbi` nj|s Dlaa! k`t dtb~k`t! s~j|s bgg sokbba ~b abbf jg~`t

Njil`m jmn jm| bg ~k` b~k`t ~xb |bpmh bm`s xkb ls laa- X` fmbx sk` ls d`lmh dpaal`n js sk`

bma| eblm`n ~k` sokbba j obpa` bg |`jts jhb! jmn d`gbt` sk` xjs j~~`mnlmh Tb~btf Jojnì|!

dp~ np` ~b k t ipi“s nlsj`jtjmo sk` kjn ~b ~tjmsg`t- _k` xjs ~k` SJ ~b ~k` St`sln`m~ bg ~k`

~k`m Tb~btf jmn mbx t`sln`m~ bg Mjdjm- X`“w` i`~ k`t ban sokbba gtl`mns gtbi ~k` Tb~btf

Jojnì|! j dpmok bg s~pof p ~bggs j g`x x`t`m“~ dp~ ~kj~ xjs ~b nb xl~k xk`t` ~k`lt gjilal`s

jmn ~k` opa~pt` ~k`| ht`x p lm- L fmbx sk`“s d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi n`t`sslbm xklok L ~klmf kjs

hb~~`m ~b ~k` blm~ xk`t` sk`“s ~kbphk~ jdbp~ sploln`- ^kj~ xbpan n`wjs~j~` ~k` gjila|-’ Sjpa

~bbf ibp~kgpa bg kls ntlmf-

‑^kj~ ls sbi`~klmh x` js Hjmhtàs nb bpt d`s~ ~b jwbln jmn j~~ì~ ~b s~b! d`gbt` l~ kl~s

~k` spgg`ts!’ sk` sjln- ‑L alf` Ji| j ab~ jmn L fmbx l~ xbpan n`wjs~j~` i` lg sbi`~klmh djn xjs

~b kj`m- L xbpan s~jt~ j kpm~ jmn hb jg~`t ~k` t`jsbm gbt l~! jmn lm ~kls ojs` l~“s j bm` Jdlahjla

Ilaa`t jmn k`t gtl`mns- J Hjmhtà bm ~k` xjt j~k ls d`s~ jwbln`n-’

%%%%%

Jg~`t Mlds jmn _jmntj“s glts~ sklg~ bg ~k` nj|! ~k` jlt a`g~ ~k` ot`x jt`j jg~`t ~k` sklg~

okjmh`n jmn x`t` ojphk~ p d| Jds jmn ^lmj-

^lmj jsf`n! ‑Xk`t` |bp ~xb hblmh2’

‑^b aj| sbi` Tpn`jsk`jm ntpis!’ sk` tàl`n silalmh j~ ~k` jlt-

‑\bp hblmh ~b eblm ps2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk! xk| mb~!’ tàl`n Jds-

J g`x ilmp~`s aj~`t ~k`| jttlw`n j~ ~k` Hjaa`t| jmn gbpmn Eji`s jmn ~k` b~k`ts eps~

h`~~lmh t`jn|-

Klml~j xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` djof bg ~k` sijaa htbp s`~~lmh p jmn jsf`n! abbflmh w`t|

kj| ~kj~ Mlds jmn _jmntj kjn d``m jda` ~b ijf` l~- ‑\bp hblmh ~b eblm ps ~bnj|2’

‑\`s L ji!’ sk` tàl`n jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t` j la` bg ntpis x`t` s~bbn- _k` lof`n bm`

p jmn aj|`n ~k` ~kt`` ijlm d`j~ ~|`s- _k` ijn` ~k` gjo` xklok sjln! ‛~kls ls xàa s~tpmh“-

_k` eblm`n ~k` b~k`ts xklas~ j g`x `ba` ~xlta`n Sbl jmn b~k`t l~ìs jotbss ~k` ijlm

g`s~lwja hb`t“s tbp~`)xj|- Bm` bg ~k` sijaa htbp xjs ~xltalmh j 0g~ s~jgg-

Jg~`t mb ibt` ~kjm glw` ilmp~`s j g`x ibt` `ba` kjn eblm`n ~k` htbp ntpiilmh jmn

Eji`s s~jt~`n ~k` xbtfskb- _k` als~`m`n ~b xkj~ Eji`s xjs ~àalmh ~kbs` xkb kjn m`w`t aj|`n d`gbt - K` s~jt~`n ~k` glts~ d`j~ jmn jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s ~k` htbp x`t` aj|lmh ~k` djs` d`j~

jmn Eji`s aj|`n ~k` bw`t d`j~s jmn jss`n l~ ~b Klml~j xkb jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` jss`n ~b k`t-



4<<

@w`t|~klmh Opdjnnjt kjn ~jphk~ k`t jmn jaa ~k` g`àlmhs sk` kjn gà~ xk`m sk` aj|`n!

t`~ptm`n- _k` aj|`n ~k` bw`t d`j~ gbt j hbbn ~klt~| sòbmns ~k`m jss`n l~ djof ~b Eji`s- Jg~`t

j skbt~ xkla` k` dtbphk~ ~k` d`j~ ~b j glmlsk jmn s~jt~`n j sòbmn d`j~ xklok sk` fm`x jmn

ij~ok`n Eji`s d`j~ gbt d`j~! t`sbms` gbt obpm~`t t`sbms`-

Jg~`t k` kjn dtbphk~ ~kj~ d`j~ ~b j oabs` k` jsf`n! ‑\bp fmbx bg jm| d`j~s2’

‑\`jk! `{o`~ L nbm“~ fmbx kbx `js| ~k`| xlaa d` gbt `w`t|bm` js L xjs ~jphk~ ~kì d|

mj~lw` Tpn`jsk`jm-’

‑Xkb ojt`s! s~jt~ sabx jmn x`“aa ~t| jmn lof ~kì p-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n jmn sila`n js sk` aj|`n ~k` glts~ djs` mb~` jmn ~k`m aj|`n ~k` ijlm

d`j~ sabxa| gbt j hbbn sl{ tpms jmn ~k`m xk`m sk` obpan s`` w`t|bm` kjn l~ sk` s~jt~`n ~b h`~

gjs~`t- Eji`s jmn Xj|m` ~bbf bw`t aj|lmh ~k` djoflmh d`j~ jmn a`~ k`t ga|-

%%%%%

Lmsln` ~k` Hjaa`t| j ~jaa njtf sflmm`n h`m~ k`jtn ~k` xbtf skb s~jt~ jmn jg~`t j obpa` bg

d`j~s kjn glmlsk n k` k jtn j ~tjnl~lbmja d`j~ bg ~k` `js~`tm ~tld`! kls ~tld`- ^kls `tsbm fm`x ~k`

d`j~ x aa! k` xjaf`n bp~ jmn sjx ~k` ntpii`ts aj|lmh jmn d`klmn ~k`m x t` j htbp bg `ba`

~xltalmh Sbl jmn b~k`t l~ìs lm ~li` xl~k ~k` d`j~s-

K` xjaf`n ~b ~k` `mn bg ~k` sìl)oltoa` htjddlmh klisàg j okjlt js k` x`m~- Eps~ js k` sj~nbxm k` pmsapmh kls ntpi! ~jflmh l~ gtbi l~s djh- Js ~k` gìja` bbsl~` kli kl~ j t`sbms` jmn

obpm~`t)t`sbms` sò~lbm bg ~k` d`j~! Eji`s jmn ~k` b~k`ts aj|`n ~k` obpm~`t t`sbms` ~k`| kjn

d``m ~jphk~! {o`~ k` aj|`n ~k` ~tjnl~lbmja obpm~`t)t`sbms ! ~k` bm` b~k`t ~tld`s jmn gjilal`s

ps`n ~b slhmja ~k`| kjn k`jtn ~k` i`ssjh`-

K` abbf`n j~ `jok `tsbm s``lmh ~k` `{`tl`mo`n bm`s! k` oji` ~b t`s~ bm ~k` ajs~ `tsbm

lm ~k` alm`! jmn sk` xjs ~k` a`jn`t bg ~k` oltoa` gbt ~kls d`j~ jmn jss`n ~k` a`jn ~b kli gbt j

xkla`- K` aj|`n jmn ~k` lm~`msl~| bg ~k` aj|lmh tbs` ~b j xkba` m`x a`wà- Jg~`t j hbbn ilmp~`k` jss`n l~ djof ~b k`t jmn sk` dtbphk~ l~ ~b j kja~- Jg~`t l~ xjs glmlsk`n jaa bg ~k` htbp jmn

b~k`ts s~jmnlmh jtbpmn als~`mlmh oaj`n ~k` d`j~ jmn ~k` ~xb a`jn`ts-

Bm` bg ~k` `{`tl`mo`n aj|`ts sjln! ‑^kj~ xjs lmot`nlda`- \bp fmbx jm| hbbn d`j~s ~kj~

|bp xjm~ ~b ~`jok ps ij~`2’

‑\`jk L kjw` j g`x!’ k` sjln jmn s~jt~`n ~b sabxa| aj| j d`j~-

%%%%%

Mlds abbf`n j~ ~k` m`x jttlwja jmn k jtn ~k` d`j~ s~jt~- _k` lms~jm~a| fm`x ~k` d`j~ js bm`



bg ~k` Tpn`jsk`jm d`j~s sk` kjn a`jtm~ nptlmh k`t jmn Opddjnjt“s wlsl~s ~b kls kbi` ~tld`- Js

k` aj|`n sk` sjx lm kli ~k` s~|a` bg ~k` aj|`t! j s~|a` sk` kjn s``m bma| Opddjnjt ps`- _k`

sila`n lmxjtna| js bm` bg k`t gtl`mns gtbi k`t ~tjwàs xjs sj~ bbsl~` k`t! aj|lmh xl~k k`t

xl~kbp~ fmbxlmh xkb xjs bbsl~` kli-

Jg~`t ~k` d`j~ xjs glmlsk`n sk` s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` djof bg ~k` htbp- _k`

ajo`n ~k` ntpi xk`t` ~k` sjt s kjn d``m jmn fmà~ nbxm d`sln` kli jmn jsf`n kli lm gap`m~

Tpn`jsk`jm! ‑Nln |bp fmbx j h`m~ xkb x`m~ d| ~k` mji` Mlof Oja~bm2’

‑L nln fmbx j h`m~ d| ~kj~ mji` j w`t| glm` aj|`t jmn s~pn`m~-’

‑Dabbn| kàa! l~ ls! Opdd`! L“i ~k` m`x jmn litbw`n Mlof bt js L ji ojaa`n mbx! Mlds-’

Kls `|`s b`m`n lm spttls` jmn s~b`n aj|lmh ~k` m`{~ d`j~ xklok Eji`s kjn s~jt~`n-

‑Xk`t` ~k` kàa ls |bpt ntpi-’ K` nlnm“~ abbf w`t| kj| j~ ~k` gjo~-

‑L hjw` l~ ~b Ejttlmj xk`m L a`g~6 L kb` sk` s~laa kjs l~2’

‑_k` nb`s jmn sk` s~laa aj|s k`t k`jt~ bp~ bm l~- _k` m`w`t sjln xk`t` sk` hb~ l~ gtbi-’

_k` sila`n js sk` tììd`t`n Ejttlmj! sk` oji` ~b ~k` htbp xl~kbp~ j ntpi jmn sbi`

s`sslbms sk` xjsm“~ jda` ~b aj| js jaa ~k` sjt`s kjn d``m ~jf`m d| b~k`t aj|`ts! dp~ xk`m sk`

nln aj| sk` xjs hbbn-

‑_k` xbpanm“~ kjw` fmbxm l~ xjs i` pma`ss sk` obpan tòbhmlu` ~k` j~~`tms bm l~! L a`g~ l~

~k` nj| bg n`jt~pt` j~ 30533-’

Opddjnjt sila`n j~ ~k` t`s`m~ Mlof kjn hlw`m j gàabx ntpii`t! ~k` ntpi k` kjn ijn`

kli! ‑Xk| a`jw` l~ d`klmn2’

‑Obi` jmn i``~ sbi` w`t| sòlja `ba`! L fmbx bm` xlaa w`t| n`glml~à| xjm~ ~b i``~

|bp-’

Opddjnjt s~bbn p jmn bm` bg ~k` `ba` xj~oklmh jsf`n kli! jg~`t sbi` às` kjn lof`n

p ~k` ajs~ sjt` ntpi! ‑Ojm L2’ jmn sk` lmnloj~`n sk` xjm~`n ~b aj|-

‑\`jk!’ tàl`n Opddjnjt jmn kjmn`n kls ntpi ~b k`t- _k` sj~ lm ~k` s`j~ k` kjn wjoj~`n-

Js ~k` jlt ibw`n bgg! sk` tàl`n! ‑Xk`m L a`g~ L m`w`t ~kbphk~ L xbpan kjw` ~k` okjmo`

~b aj| jhjlm jmn L kjw`m“~ pm~la mbx d``m lm j bsl~lbm ~b aj|- Xk| ojtt| sbi`~klmh ~kj~ |bp

jt` m`w`t hblmh ~b ps` jhjlm2’

‑\`jk! ~tp`- \bp xbpan kjw` kjn x`lhk~ lssp`s xl~k ibwlmh! jmn |bp nlnm“~ ibw` ~b

_ptjdjm gtbi Tpn`jsk2’

_k` abbf`n bw`t ~b xk`t` _jmntj xjs sl~~lmh jmn sjx Njtjps aj|lmh d`sln` k`t! k` abbf`n

jsa``- ‑Mb! L x`m~ ~b _bp~k J~looj jmn gtbi ~k`t` ~b M`)P)Djt- ^k`m ~b k`t` jmn ~k` kàa ~kj~

xjs ~k` klhk sokbba L xjs s`m~ ~b! dp~ ~ktbphk ~kj~ L i``~ i| alg` jt~m`ts _jmntj jmn Njtjps-’

_k` ~k`m abbf`n jtbpmn gbt ^lmj jmn Jds xkb x`t` j skbt~ nls~jmo` jxj| tjo~lolmh jmna`jtmlmh kbx ~b ~xlta Sbl-

Xk`m ~k` jlt kjn jttlw`n j~ xk`t` _jmntj xjs sl~~lmh sk` sjln! ‑Kpm! L xjm~ |bp ~b i``~



‑Hbbn `w`mlmh |bpmh ajn|!’ sjln _jmntj xk`m ~k`| kjn jttlw`n-

‑Kpm i``~ Okab` gtbi ^tjms)\bp~k- Okab` i``~ _jmntj jmn Njtjps-’

‑Kl!’ t`sbmn`n Okab`- ‑Kbx obi`2 Bm |bpt tbgla` |bp sjln |bp x`t` ~tj`n d|

gjila|-’

‑^kj~“s i| ban bm`! L pnj~`n l~ eps~ pmn`t ~kt`` x``fs jhb! jmn L p~ p j obpa` bg m`x

lo~pt s! bm` bg ~k` m`x i`! jmn j sòbmn bg _jmntj jmn i`- Kpm x` m``n ~b h`~ j m`x bm` bg

jaa ~kt`` bg ps-’ _k` lmnloj~`n sk` i`jm~ Njtjps js xàa-

‑L“w` d``m flmn bg dps|! abbflmh jg~`t ipi jmn i| |bpmh`t dtb~k`t- ^k`| jt` ~kjmfgpaa|

jxj| gbt j g`x nj|s xklok kjs hlw`m i` ~k` dt`jf L m``n`n- _``lmh |bpt bs~ jdbp~ k`t` hjw`

i` ~k` lmo`m~lw` ~b obi`-’

‑Jmn l~“s hbbn ~kj~ |bp nln! ~k` ibt` ~tjms `ba` xkb obi` bp~ ~k` d`~~`t l~ ls gbt

`w`t|bm`!’ sjln _jmntj-

^lmj! Jds jmn Opddjnjt xjaf`n lm~b ~k` ~`m~ ojtt|lmh j obpa` bg ~tj|s bg dpth`ts jmn

ntlmfs-

‑L ~klmf bp~sln` jmn `meb| ~k` spm!’ sphh`s~`n Jds-

‑\`jk! xk| mb~!’ sk` sjln-

^k` htbp xjaf`n bp~ jmn gbpmn j sb~ xk`t` ~k`| obpan s`` ~k` s~jh`- ‑Hp|s i``~ Okab`

j gtl`mn gtbi ^tjms)\bp~k- Okab` i``~ ^lmj j gàabx ~tjms xbijm! Jds k`t jt~m`t jmn

Opddjnjt j gtl`mn bg ilm` gtbi Tpn`jsk-’

‑^k` a`jspt` ls jaa ilm`! ilss!’ t`sbmn`n Opddjnjt-

^kls ijn` Okab` dapsk j n`` otlisbm jmn abbf jxj| lm ìdjttjssi`m~-

‑Nbm“~ d` ìdjttjss`n kpm!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑Opddjnjt p~ lm~b xbtns xkj~ L fmbx L xjs

~klmflmh jmn L“i o`t~jlm Jds xjs ~klmflmh slilajt-’

‑Ij| L sj| gtbi j h`m`~lo xbijm“s `tsò~lw` |bp abbf hbbn lm ~kj~ nt`ss! l~ spl~s |bp!’

sjln Jds-

‑Mb~ `w`m i| ~tjms gtl`mns sj| ~klmhs alf` ~kj~!’ t`sbmn`n Okab` jmn sk` dapsk`n jhjlm-

‑Kpm! L xbpanm“~ d` k`t` ~bnj| lg l~ x`t`m“~ gbt ~k`s` `ba`- \bp d`lmh k`t` ls `{oàa`m~

d`gbt` L x`m~ gpaa ~li` L ~kbphk~ L xbpan m`w`t i``~ ~k` `ba` L okj~ ~b- _lmo` obilmh bp~! L“w`

i`~ ^tjo|! Tbd`t~ jmn Glbmj j g`x x``fs jhb! j~ Njtf Ubm` \bp~k O`m~t`-’

‑\`jk L fmbx ~kbs` hp|s! ~k`| sjln ~k`| xbpan ~t| jmn ijf` ~kls `w`mlmh jmn ~bibttbx!’

tàl`n Okab` silalmh jmn abbflmh w`t| kj|-

‑Gbbn!’ sjln Jds jmn kjmn`n obw`t`n xjti db{`s ~b _jmntj jmn k`t- Opddjnjt ~k`m

jss`n jtbpmn ~k` ntlmfs

‑L~ xlaa d` hbbn ~b s`` ~kì jhjlm!’ sjln ^lmj-‑\`jk ~kj~“s ~tp`!’ sk` sjln jmn sk` ~k`m ~bbf j ibp~kgpa js j h`m~ xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` ~`m~

abbflmh gbt sbi`bm` jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` htbp-



?3?

‑Okab`! |bp sjln |bp xbpanm“~ ibw`-’ Kjd`m)tln` sj~ nbxm d`sln` Okab` jmn hjw` k`t j

flss bm ~k` ok``f-

‑_btt|! L i`~ j gtl`mn gtbi ~k` \bpmh ^tjms sl~`- Mlds i``~ Kjd`m)tln`-’

_k` abbf`n j~ kli jmn sila`n! ‑X`“w` jat`jn| i`~-’

‑Kbx2’ `mzplt`n Okab` `{ò~lmh jm jmsx`t-

‑Tììd`t L wbapm~``t js j s~`xjtn jmn ot`x gbt ~k` g`s~lwja!’ tàl`n Kjd`m)tln`-

‑\`jk L“w` dps| pm~la ~bnj|-’

‑I``~ gbpt iìd`ts bg ~k` g`s~lwja sòptl~| ~`ji-’

Okab` s~jt`n lm skbof j~ Kjd`m)tln` jmn sabxa| ~ptm`n jmn s~jt`n j~ Mlds- ‑L m`w`t ~bbf

|bp gbt d`lmh sòptl~| `tsbmja-’

Jaa gbpt hltas sila`n j~ Okab`- ‑\bp m``n ~b t`jn ilm` jmn ^lmj“s tbgla`s! x` jaa jt`

iìd`ts bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh- L eblm`n xk`m L x`m~ gpaa ~li` jmn kjw`m“~ abbf`n djof

slmo`-’

‑L n`glml~à| xbpan kjw` m`w`t ~jf`m |bp gbt `w`m ~klmflmh jdbp~ s~t``~ hjmhs bt jm|~klmh

~b nb xl~k ~k` s~t``~ opa~pt` Mlds- \bp m`w`t s~tpof i` js d`lmh ~kj~ xj| lmoalm`n-’

‑^k` ~li` xk`m |bp jmn i` okj~~`n Okab`! j ab~ bg l~ xjs ~k` n`t`sslbm ~jaflmh- L“i j

gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ jmn kjw` d``m gbt jaibs~ s`w`m ibm~ks! L fmbx `ba` alf` Njil`m Tp~kbps`

jmn ^ljips-’

Mbx l~ xjs Kjd`m)tln` ~ptm ~b s~jt` j~ Mlds- ‑Kbx2’ k` jsf n- ‑^kbs ~xb jt` mji s j~~k` ~b bg ~k`lt hji`- L“i als~`n js jm jssbolj~` jmn L xlaa tìjlm bm` pm~la L ji t`jn| ~b

dòbi` j gpaa- Ebkm kjs jat`jn| sjln k` ls xlaalmh ~b d` i| sbmsbt-’

_k` ~k`m ~ban Kjd`m)tln` jmn Okab` kbx sk` i`~ Njil`m jmn ^ljips-

J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` ~ja` sk` sjln! ‑X` kjw` j sòptl~| sklg~ ~b h`~ t`jn| gbt-’

‑^tp` jmn L kjw` j s~`xjtnlmh sklg~ ~b h`~ t`jn| gbt-’ @w`t|bm` hb~ p jmn abbf`n j~

Okab` sj~ bm ~k` htjss- Kjd`m)tln` sjln ~b k`t! ‑\bp obilmh kpm2’

Okab` abbf`n p j~ `w`t|bm` jmn sjln! ‑Bk sbtt|-’ _k` ~k`m s~bbn p jmn htjdd`n Kjd`m) tln`“s kjmn jmn ~k` htbp xjaf`n djof jtbpmn _~jh` : ~b ~k` Ot`x jt`j jmn ~k lt sklg~s-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` s~`xjtn jmn sòptl~| dtl`glmh gbt ~k` ajs~ sklg~ glmlsk`n Kjd`m)tln`! Okab`!

Wjt~bphkl)tbs` _jmntj jmn Mlds jaa xjaf`n bp~ js j tbwlmh ~`ji- Wjt~bphkl)tbs` xjs sl{ gbb~

~kt`` lmok`s ~jaa jmn ~bx`t`n bw`t ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp- _k` oji` gtbi Klb~l~` jmn k`t Djslo

xjs mb~ dtlaaljm~! dp~ sk` fm`x N``dlmljm t`~~| xàa- Okab` jmn Kjd`m)tln` x`t` kjmn lm

kjmn js xjs _jmntj jmn k`t- _~jh` : xjs pmn`thblmh j djmn okjmh` jmn sb xjs aj|lmh tjmnbi



ipslo ~tjofs gtbi j NN aj|`t-

^li xjs s~jmnlmh lm ~k` `m~tjmo` ~b D``t ^`m~ : lm kls a`g~ kjmn xjs j ajs~lo hajss bg

xkj~ `w`t d``t ~k` djt xjs sàalmh jmn j dpth`t xjs lm ~k` b~k`t- ^li sila`n jmn mbnn`n j~ ~k`

htbp js ~k`| xjaf`n js~- _jmntj jmn sk` db~k mbnn`n j tà|6 ~k`lt gjo`s x`t` bm`s bg eb| jmn

kjlm`ss-

_k` sjln! ‑L nbm“~ fmbx xkj~ obpan d` d`~~`t! L“i k`t` xl~k i| jt~m`ts jmn j gtl`mn gtbi

~k` bm` ajo` ~kj~ kjs f`~ i` sjm` bw`t ~k` js~ ~`m ibm~ks ~k` ajs~ ~kt`` x``fs L“i mb~

lmoapnlmh jmn kjw` ~k` bssldlal~| bg i``~lmh ibt`-’

‑Mb~ ipok!’ sjln Okab`- ‑L“i ~t|lmh ~b xbtf bp~ xkj~ kjs okjmh`n lm |bp! |bp x`t`

jaxj|s j hbbn `jt lm ~k` tbbi! j `tsbm j ab~ bg ps ~ptm`n ~b gbt sbi`bm` ~b skbp~ jmn tjm~ j~-

^k` jnwlo` |bp hjw`! hjw` j ab~ bg ps j dbbs~ `sòljaa| lm i| ojs` jmn j flof p ~k` jts` lm

^tjo|“s ojs`-’

_k` abbf`n zp`s~lbmjaa| j~ Okab`-

‑Xkj~ |bp nbm“~ fmbx2’

‑Mb! ~kls ls ~k` glts~ L“w` k`jtn bg i` hlwlmh ^tjo| j flof-’

‑\`jk! mb~ jo~pjaa| lm ~k` okj~ tbbi! xk`m |bp i`~ k`t j~ Njtf Ubm`- Lg sk` h`~s k`t`

~bmlhk~ L ~klmf |bp“t` s`` xkj~ L i`jm-’

Mlds dtbf` jxj| gtbi _jmntj jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` Hjaa t| jmn Eji`s xkb xjs sl~~lmh

bp~ sln` ~`mslbmlmh j ntpi- ‑Eji`s-’

Eji`s abbf`n p jmn tàl`n! ‑\`s Mlds-’

‑\bpt okblo`! lof i` ~xb ntpis jmn s`~ ~kì jsln` L“aa j| gbt ~kì ~bibttbx jg~`t L“w`

d``m ~b j ojsk blm~-’

‑Bf-’ Eji`s sila`n- ‑Dtlmh i` 43nòfs gbt `jok! jmn aj| xl~k i` Xj|m` jmn j obpa`

bg b~k`ts xk`m ~k` glt` skbx ls bm-’

‑Nbm`! L“aa ijf` spt` Opddjnjt ls jasb ~k`t`-’

Eji`s sila`n j~ k`t s~j~ì`m~-

‑L“aa lof ~kì p aj~`t! L xjm~ ~kì gbt ~bmlhk~ lm ~k` ot`x jt`j-’

‑\`jk! L“i hblmh ~b d` ~k`t` js xàa-’

_k` a`g~ Eji`s jmn ojphk~ ~k` htbp p js ~k`| jss`n ~k` _fj~` dbjtn s~jh` jmn ~k`

Kpm~t`ss obw`t djmn ~kj~ xjs aj|lmh-

Js ~k`| jtbjok`n Hj~` > Tp~k xkb xjs ~kj~ Hj~`“s sòptl~| sjx ~kì jmn sila`n- _k`

xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~kì jmn sjln zpl`~a| ~b k`t! ‑L fmbx L sjx Jntljm `jtal`t ~bnj|! jmn L sx`jt k`

a`g~ xl~k j obpa` bg `ba` nt`ss`n lm slilajt gjsklbms-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑_jmntj jmn L sjx kli ajs~ mlhk~ jg~`t ~k` g`s~lwja oabs`n sj~ bm bm`bg ~k` ibpmns jmn x` fmbx k` sa`~ ~k`t` ajs~ mlhk~-’

‑Xàa L kb` k`“s bf mbx-’



?30

_k` sila`n j~ k`t sj|lmh! ‑Lg k` nln ~k`m L ~klmf k` xlaa d` sjg` jmn dtbphk~ djof ~b ~k`

s~tjlhk~ jmn mjttbx-’

^k` htbp ibw`n bm gtbi ~k` hj~` jmn `m~`t`n ^tjn`ts Ubm` 4- Lm ~k` ajth` jt`mj ~kj~

s`jtj~`n ^tjn`t Ubm` : gtbi Ubm` 4 xjs j epnhlmh xbtfskb- ^k`| sjx ^lmj jmn Jds

xj~oklmh! ~k`| db~k kjn xtj`n ~k` jlt bg bl jtbpmn ~k`lt xjls~s jmn ~poflmh ~k` `mns lm~b

~k` ~tbps`ts- Ibs~ bg ~k` s~jaas x`t` b`m jmn ~k`| s`ì`n ~b d` nblmh j hbbn ~tjn` js ibs~ kjn

zpl~` j g`x `ba` lm ~kì-

‑Tìlmn i` kpm! L xjm~ bm` bg ~k` sflt~s gtbi k`t` js j iìbt| tìlmn`t-’

‑L ~kbphk~ |bp kjn jm `ln`~lo iìbt|-’

‑Gbt obmw`tsj~lbms! lmwbawlmh i` kpm- L tììd`t `w`t|~klmh às` lm ~k` sji` xj| js

`w`t|bm` às`-’

_jmntj“s gjo` abbf`n js lg sk` xjs hblmh ~b sj| sbi`~klmh dp~ sk` sjln mb~klmh- Js ~k`|

xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` Ubm` ~k`| oji` pbm ~k` sòbmn D``t ~`m~ jmn ~k` `m~t| ~b ~k` Oklaa Bp~

Ubm`- S`ba` x`t` s~t`jilmh ~ktbphk ~k` ijsslw` jtokxj| obilmh lm gtbi Hj~` ?! ~k` sòbmn

ijlm hj~`- Xjaflmh nbxm ~k` j~k ~kj~ kjn d``m ijn` d| ~k` `ba` xjaf`n Glbmj! Tbd`t~! Jaal

jmn j obpa` bg m`x gjo`s-

_k` ~j`n Okab` bm ~k` skbpan`t jmn blm~`n ~b ~kì- _k` dbpmo`n p jmn nbxm t`jaa|

kj| ~k`| kjn ijn` l~ jmn sk` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~kì-

Bm` bg ~k` ~xb sòptl~| i`m xbtflmh ~k` d``t ~`m~ xjaf`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑Mlo` ~jf` nbxmajs~ mlhk~-’

‑^kjmfs! mb~ ~b `{o`sslw` L kb`-’

‑Mb ~k` dbss sj|s ~kjmfs js xàa! k`“s d``m kjwlmh ~tbpda` gtbi ~k` hjmh jmn L ~klmf ~k`

~jf` nbxm tìbw`n ~k` k`jn bg ~k` hjmh!’

Mlds sila`n j~ ~k` m`xs! jmn ~kbphk~ ‛ L m``n ~b obm~jo~ S ~`t jdbp~ xkj~ kj`m`n ~b ~k`

hp|s ~k`| ~bbf jxj|-“

Okab` xjaf`n djof xl~k ~k` htbp bg glw` jmn ~k`m sk` t`jalu`n bm` bg ~k` ~xb m`x gjo`sxjs ^tjo|! sk` xjs mbx w`t| Hl~k js xjs Jaal lm j`jtjmo`- Glbmj xjs x`jtlmh k`t pspja s~|a`

bg oab~klmh ilml sflt~s! t`w`jalmh ~b jmn j jlt bg abx k`à`n obpt~ skb`s k`t kjlt xjs lm j jlt

bg dpmok`s jmn k`t ijf` p xjs mb~ ~b k`jw|! dp~ |bp fm`x sk` xjs jg~`t sbi`~klmh às`-

Tbd`t~ xjs x`jtlmh j jlt bg e`jms! j djhh| ~)sklt~! jmn j jlt bg xjaflmh dbb~s- Jaal jmn ^tjo|

x`t` Hl~ks! ajlm jmn slia`! ~k`| db~k x`t` x`jtlmh njtf ht``m abmh gabxlmh sflt~s! jmn j ~b

~kj~ klm~`n j~ xkj~ xjs dàbx- ^k` ajs~ hlta xjs lm h`m`tja `w`t|nj| x`jt bg j jlt bg gìlmlm`

alhk~ x`lhk~s jmn j ~b! k`t skb`s x`t` j jlt bg gaj~s-

‑Mlds!’ sjln Jaal kj| ~b s`` k`t gtl`mn- ‑^kls ls j spttls` L ~kbphk~ |bp alw`n bw`t

_bp~k O`m~tja2’



‑\`jk L nb! dp~ ^lmj obi`s gtbi ~kls jt`j jmn k`t ipi jmn njn ps` ~b wbapm~``t k`t`-

X` sjx jm jnw`t~ ~kj~ tìlmn`n k`t jdbp~ l~- Gtl`mns jaabx i` ~b lm~tbnpo` i| alg` jt~m`ts

_jmntj jmn Njtjps-’

_jmntj xjaf`n bw`t jmn sjln! ‑Kl gtl`mns-’

‑Kpm! i``~ ^tjo|! k`t jt~m`t Jaal! Tbd`t~ jmn Glbmj jmn j m`x `tsbm2’

‑\`s! i``~ Ejofl`! ~kls ls k`t glts~ ~li` bp~!’ sjln Jaal-

‑Kpm! lg |bp xjm~ ~b s~j| jmn okj~! L ojm xjmn`t ~kls jt`j jmn i``~ |bp djof k`t`! Jds

jmn ^lmj jt`m“~ ~bb gjt jxj| js k`t` obi` Njm jmn A`lj-’

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` tbp~` ^lmj jmn Jds x`t` xjaflmh jmn sjx A`lj jmn Njm db~k k`jnlmh

~bxjtns ~k` oklaa bp~ ubm`- Gtbi d`klmn ~k`m j`jt`n Jds jmn ~k`m sk` sjx ^lmj a`jwlmh bm`

bg ~k` ~tjn`t s~jaas- ‑Bk! |`s! L ojm s`` ~kì mbx- Bf! okj~ ~b |bp lm j dl~ ~k`m-’

^tjo| b`m`n k`t `|`s lm kjlm`ss j~ ~k` m`xs ~kj~ ^lmj xjs jasb m`jt d|-

‑\`s! w`t| mlo` ^tjo|!’ sk` sjln abbflmh ^tjo| p jmn nbxm-

‑^kjmf |bp!’ tàl`n ^tjo|- ‑I``~lmh |bp jmn ^lmj ~kj~ `w`mlmh jmn ~k`m okj~~lmh ~b

^|dljs! _libm jmn _jtjk ~ban i` xk`t` L skbpan d` jmn L mbx alw` js j iìd`t bg ~k` aboja

Hl~k obiipml~|-’

_k` sila`n j~ ~k` m`xs js oabofxls` sòptl~| j~tba xjaf`n p- ^lmj sjx ~k` htbp!

‑Kàab! L m`w`t `{ò~`n ~b s`` |bp ab~ k`t`-’

‑_mj!’ t`sbmn`n ^tjo|-

‑Mb Okab` alw`s lm ~k` jt`j jmn ~ban ~k` tbbi bm` `w`mlmh jdbp~ l~- Jaal jmn Tbd`t~ sjx

sbi` jnw`t~s jmn k`t` x` jt`-’

‑Gtl`mns! i``~ Jds i| jt~m`t-’

‑Kl Jds!’ sjln Glbmj-

_k` sjx Ejofl` j~ ~k` djof ~t|lmh mb~ d` mb~lo`n jmn sk` sjln! ‑Nbm“~ ~t| jmn kln` Ejofl`!

^lmj! Jds! i``~ Ejofl` ~kls ls k`t glts~ ~li` bp~-’

‑^kj~ ls hbbn ~b k`jt!’ t`sbmn`n ^lmj js sk` abbf`n j~ Ejofl` s~bbn eps~ d`klmn Tbd`t~!

xkb ibw`n jsln` ~b t`w`ja Ejofl` xkb xjs dapsklmh j otlisbm-

‑\bpmh ajn|! ij| L sj| |bp abbf abwà| lm ~kj~!’ sjln Jds-

‑^kjmf |bp!’ oji` Ejofl`“s zpl`~ tà|-

‑Eps~ dòjps` L kjw` hbbn k`jtlmh nb`sm“~ i`jm `ba` ojm ~jaf zpl`~a| jtbpmn i`!’

t`sbmn`n Jds silalmh- ‑Nbm“~ d` gtlhk~`m`n! ^lmj jmn! L“i mb~ spt` xl~k |bp Mlds! spgg`t`n

~k` sji` m`tw`s ~k` glts~ ~li` bp~- Nb |bpt ipi jmn njn fmbx jdbp~ |bp2’

‑Mb! L kjn ~b okjmh` j~ Tbd`t~s d`gbt` obilmh k`t`!’ tàl`n Ejofl` js _jmntj! Kjd`m)

tln` jmn Wjt~bphkl)tbs` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` jtok)xj|-Kjd`m)tln` xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` htbp jmn htjdd`n Okab` jtbpmn ~k` xjls~ jmn sila`n j~

k`t gtl`mns- K` ~k`m hjw` k`t j flss bm ~k` ok``f-



?38

‑W`t| mlo`!’ t`sbmn`n Glbmj ~b ~k` flss-

‑Apof| |bp Okab`!’ sjln ^tjo|-

‑^kjmfs hp|s!’ sjln Okab`- _k` ~k`m hjw` Kjn`m)tln` j flss lm tà|-

‑X` xlaa s`` |bp jtbpmn! dp~ L ~klmf x` kjw` sbi` j~tbaalmh ~b nb!’ sk` sjln jmn ~k`

htbp n`jt~`n ~k` jt`j-

Js ~k` htbp n`jt~`n _jmntj xkls`t`n lm Ejofl`“s `jt! ‑\bp abbf d`jp~lgpa! lg |bp h`~

jm| ~tbpda` gtbi ~k` `ba` k`t`! glmn ~k` m`jt`s~ `tsbm x`jtlmh j klhk)wlu jmn h`~ ~kì ~b

obm~jo~ _jmntj bt Mlds-’

_k` sjx Ejofl` sila` js sk` a`g~ jti lm jti xl~k Mlds-

%%%%%

::5?3JM

_~bbn bp~ sln` ~k` _~jh` : ijtzp`` x`t` Mlds! _jmntj jmn Njtjps! Kjn`m)Stln`!

Wjt~bphkl)tbs`! Gtjmf! @aa` jmn E`mml x`t` ibwlmh ~k` g`s~lwja hb`ts bp~ bg ~k` ijtzp``- Oàlj

kjn jat`jn| dpuu`n ~k` jlt xl~k k`t gapgg| nps~`t- ^kls ijn` Mlds zpl`~a| okpofa` js l~ eps~

s``m mj~ptja ~kj~ ~kls `tsbm xl~k j gapgg| nps~`t xbpan eps~ obi` p ~b |bp jmn hlw` |bp j

nps~lmh jaibs~-_~bbn ~b ~k` sln` bg ~k` ijtzp`` x`t` j obpa` bg h`m~s j al~~a` xbts` ~k` x`jt gbt jaobkba

obmspi~lbm jmn Gtjmf jsf`n ~kì ibw` ~bxjtns ~k` `{l~- Mlds gbops`n lm bm ~k` obmw`tsj~lbm

d`~x` m ~k` ~kt `-

‑Xbpan |bp a`js` ibw` ~bxjtns ~k` `{l~! ~k`t`“s hblmh ~b d` mb ibt` ipslo ~bmlhk~

ij~`s“ ~li` ~b hb kbi`-’

‑^k`t`“s jaxj|s hblmh ~b d` ibt` ipslo lg x` sj| sb!’ t`sbmn`n bm`! ~k`m sj|lmh!

‑Obi` bm xk`t`“s ~k` m`{~ djmn-’‑^k`t`“s mb ibt` djmns ij~`! |bp kjw` ~b a`jw` ~k` sl~`!’ sjln Gtjmf jmn bm` ~tl`n ~b

ibw` jtbpmn kli ~bxjtns ~k` s~jh`! xk`t` ~k` Fli jmn Alji xjs glmlsklmh tìbwlmh ~k` ajs~

djmns zpli`m~-

Mlds ibw`n lm bm` ib~lbm ~bxjtns Gtjmf jmn xjs sbbm s~jmnlmh d`sln` kli daboflmh bm`

bg ~k` jlt xklas~ ~k` b~k`t xjs dabof`n d| Gtjmf- ‑Xbpan ~k` h`m~s a`js` alf` ~b ibw` ~bxjtns

~k` `{l~! l~“s ~li` gbt |bp ~xb ~b hb kbi` jmn hb ~b sa`` L ~klmf- X` kjw` ibt` ipslo jmn

`w`m~s kj`mlmh ~bibttbx-’

^k` h`m~ xkb xjs lm gtbm~ bg k`t sxpmh kls gls~ j~ k`t k`jn- _k` sjx ~k` j~~jof jmn

ibw`n k`t k`jn bp~ bg ~k` xj|- ‑_lt xl~k ~k` jibpm~ bg jaobkba |bp kjw` obmspi`n ~kls



?3<

‑J dl~! xk|2’

‑^bibttbx ls ‛Ajnl`s Nj|“ jmn Okab` kjs jnil~~`n sk`“s mb~ ~kj~ hbbn j~ ijf`)p-’

‑\`s L s``!’ tàl`n _jmntj- ‑L ~klmf ~k` ojmwjs ~kj~ ls Okab` xlaa abbf k`t d`s~ ~bibttbx!

|bp s~j|lmh bm sl~` ~bmlhk~ kpm2’

‑Mb!’ tàl`n Okab`-

‑H`~ k`t` js `jta| js |bp ojm js j g`x bg ps jt` hblmh ~b d` x`jtlmh ~k` sji` ~tjnl~lbmja

Hjmhtà ijf`)p-’



Okj~`t 4>

_pinjt 3;533DM

_j~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` x`t` Mlds! Ijaaj! Oàlj jmn Tp~k- _jmntj! Njtjps jmn ^lmj kjn ~jf`m

~k` 385?3 j~tba- ^k`| kjn tbdjda| s~b`n ~b okj~ js sbi` bg ~k` ojgìs jmn `j~`tl`s kjn

jttlw`n lm ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf jmn kjn ojttl`n spal`s jotbss ~k` glàn- ^k` jlt xjaf`n djof lm~b

~k` ot`x jt`j ojtt|lmh j obpa` bg ajth` djhs bg tbaas-

‑J t`s`m~ gtbi ~k` Dbx`t Ojgì!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑^kj~“s hbbn bg ~kì!’ Mlds sjln jmn sk` a`m~ gbtxjtn jmn s~ltt`n ~k` glt` djof lm~b alg`-

_k` s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` la` bg xbbn d`sln` ~k` fl~ok`m- ^k` la` xjs mb~ ~kj~ dlh jmn

obpan nb xl~k t`s~boflmh- _k` d`m~ nbxm jmn lof`n p j obpa` bg ~lid`t dabofs jmn j obpa`

bg ajmfs- _k` t`~ptm`n ~b k`t s`j~ ajolmh ~k` ajmfs bw`t ~k` g`x gaji`s jmn ~k` dabofs d`sln`

~k` glt` l~- ‑X` m``n ~b t`s~bof ~k` xbbn la` ~bnj|-’

‑Nb ~kj~ xk`m Njm h`~s p!’ sjln Ijaaj-

Lm~b ~k` Ot`x jt`j xjaf`n j kj| Okab` jmn Kjn`m)tln` gbaabx`n k`t lm- ‑Hbbn

ibtmlmh oji`ts jmn gtl`mns-’

‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Okab`!’ sk` tàl`n jmn Njtjps xjaf`n lm gtbi aj|lmh xl~k Kliis jmn

Ijàs~tpi js ~k`| oji` lm jk`jn bg Klml~j jmn Dtjlm! db~k bg ~kì kjn sa`~ lm ~k` Hjaa`t| js

sòptl~| gbt ~k` `{kldl~s-‑Hbbn ibtmlmh!’ sjln Klml~j js sk` sj~ nbxm- ‑Ot`j~bt nb L kj~` ~k` `jta| ibtmlmhs-’

‑L~ xjs zpl~` mlo` ~kls ibtmlmh s``lmh ~k` spm obi` p!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑L nbm“~ ilmn s``lmh ~k` spm p! dp~ L ~k`m hb ~b d`n!’ tàl`n Klml~j-

‑Jtk! bf!’ sjln _jmntj ~k`m sk` lof`n p ~k` gpaa f`~~a` jmn kpmh l~ bm ~k` kbbf bw`t ~k`

glt`-

%%%%%

:35:0DM

Oàlj jmn Mlds t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ijlm ojt)jtf jg~`t obaaò~lmh Oàlj wjm“s xbt~k bg xbbn

gtbi j aboja dplanlmh sl~`! Njm xjs j s~`à gjdtloj~bt j~- Jg~`t Oàlj kjn jtf`n p oabs` ~b ~k`

hj~` lm! sk` oalid`n bp~ jmn b`m`n ~k` sln` nbbt- _k` htjdd`n j obpa` bg ~k` ajth` jaa`~s jmn

jg~`t sk` kjn b`m`n ~k` k`ttls g`molmh sk` ojttl`n ~kì ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn ntb`n ~kì

jhjlms~ ~k`m bp~sln` g`mo`-

_k` ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn sjx _jmntj xjs xbtflmh bm Okab`“s ijf`)p gbt Ajnl`s Nj|- Js

sk` kjn xjaf`n lm sk` kjn s``m j obpa` bg ~k` ot`x x`jtlmh abmh nt`ss`s ~kj~ lg ~k`| kjn ~l~s



?::

abbf`n hbbn bm ~kì-

Opddjnjt xjaf`n lm x`jtlmh kls ~tjnl~lbmja ~tldja oab~k`s jmn bw`t kls skbpan`t xjs kls

ntpi- ‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Mlds!’ sjln Opddjnjt jmn ~k`m! ‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Ijaaj! _jmntj! Okab`-’

‑Ibtmlmh Opddjnjt!’ sjln Ijaaj js sk` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` fl~ok`m- ‑Bk! |bpt djof! ~kj~

xjs zplof-’

‑\`jk ~k` xbbn xjs jat`jn| la`n jmn t`jt`n-’

‑Njm“s xbtf ls hbbn gbt ~kj~!’ sjln Oàlj js sk` ojttl`n jm jtigpa bg bgg op~ skbtlmh jmn

slilajt-

Sjpa jmn Hjt| db~k xjaf`n lm jmn Hjt| k`jn`n gbt kls ~`m~ jmn htjdd`n kls k`jn djmn-

‑L“aa sj| ~kls!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑sbi` bg ~k` bp~gl~s jmn nt`ss`s jt` gpm jmn w`t| lijhlmj~lw`-’

‑Gtbi xkj~ L kjw` s``m L fmbx!’ Mlds sjln js sk` k`jn`n bp~ bg ~k` ot`x jt`j- _k` xjs

kblmh ~k` s~jaa xk`t` sk` xjm~`n ~b dp| k`t tìlmn`t nt`ss gtbi xjs b`m-

J g`x ilmp~`s aj~`t sk` sjx ~k` gtbm~ p jmn ~k` bxm`t xjs ajolmh tjofs jmn oab~k`s

tjlas bp~sln`- ‑Hbbn ibtmlmh!’ sk` sjln js sk` jtbjok`n jmn sjx ~k` sflt~ sk` xjm~`n- Eps~

d`klmn l~ xjs ~k` `{jo~ bbsl~ bg ~k` bm` sk` xjm~`n-

^k` bxm`t“s xlg` oji` bp~ gtbi j ojtjwjm j~ ~k` djof bg ~k` s~jaa jmn xjaf`n ~b xk`t`

sk` xjs s~jmnlmh abbflmh j~ ~k` ~xb sflt~s- ‑Ojm L kà2’

‑\`s- Mb! L“aa ~jf` db~k ~kjmfs-’

^k` bxm`t xjaf`n djof lm jmn sjln! ‑Hlw` ps ~klt~| gbt ~k` jlt jmn L“aa ~ktbx lm j obpa`bg ~bs gbt jm `{~tj ~`m-’

‑Nbm`! mbx ~b okbbs` ~k` tlhk~ ~bs-’

‑^kj~ ls `js|!’ sjln ~k` xlg` jmn sk` a`n k`t ~b j tjof xk`t` slilajt ~bs ~b ~k` sflt~s x`t`

kpmh p- ‑K`t` |bp hb! ~k` t`gò~ ~xb! jmn lg ~kls spm kbans x` jt` hblmh ~b d` lm gbt j hbbn

jg~`tmbbm jmn `w`mlmh-’

‑L kb` sb! l~ abbfs alf` ~k` s~jaas jmn ot`x jt` h`~~lmh lm~b ~k` ibbn gbt ‛Ajnl`s Nj|“-’

_k` ~bbf bp~ gbt~| nòfs jmn kjmn`n l~ ~b k`t jmn a`g~ ojtt|lmh ~k` ~xb sflt~s jmn ~xb ~bs-Js sk` xjaf`n djof sk` sjx Eji`s jmn Opddjnjt sj~ bp~sln` ~k` Hjaa`t| okj~~lmh jmn

`meb|lmh ~k` spm- _k` k`jn`n gbt ~k` jlt jmn sjln! ‑Ibtmlmh Eji`s-’ _k` ~bbf bp~ k`t xjaa`~

~jflmh gbt~| nòfs bp~ jmn kjmnlmh ~kj~ ~b Eji`s-

Eji`s ~bbf ~k` ibm`| jmn sila`n jsflmh! ‑\bp hblmh ~b eblm ~k` xbtfskbs ~kls

jg~`tmbbm2’

‑L xlaa lg L ojm- X` jt` ajmmlmh bm `m~`tlmh Njtjps lm ~k` nbh skbx jmn ~`ji ~xb kjw`

~k` sòptl~| sklg~ ~kls jg~`tmbbm-’

‑Jtk! bf! x` kb` ~b s`` ~k`m!’ sjln Eji`s-

_k` ~ptm`n jxj| jmn s~jt~`n djof gbt ~k` ot`x jt`j! Eji`s jsf`n Opddjnjt! ‑Jt` |bp lm j



bsl~lbm ~b kjw` j wlsl~bt jg~`t ~k` spii`t ls bw`t2 L“i ajmmlmh bm ~bptlmh db~k Jgttjnja jmn

Baalj~k ~b a`jtm sbi` m`x d`j~s-’

_k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ot`x jt`j jmn sjx Okab` xjs sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` l~ lm j abmh! w`t|

t`~~| sflt~ jmn ~b ~kj~ |bp obpan s ` oa`jwjh`! dp~ l~ xjs spd~a - _k` ~bbf j hbbn abbf j~

Okab`“s ok`s~ jmn t`jals`n ~k`| x`t` gbtis jmn mb~ mj~ptja- ^k` ijf`)p Okab` xjs x`jtlmh

xjs spd~a` jmn xl~kbp~ fmbxlmh sk` xjs ^tjms l~ xbpan d` nlgglopa~ ~b ~àa- _jmntj kjn nbm` jm

`{oàa`m~ ebd bg nblmh k`t ijf`)p- _k` sjx _jmntj djoflmh bp~ bg ~k` ~`m~- ‑Kpm L kjw` j

spttls` gbt |bp-’

_jmntj“s `|`s al~ p jmn sk` s~bbn xjl~lmh gbt k`t spttls`-

_k` ~bbf bp~ bg ~k` djh ~k` sflt~ jmn ~b obidlmj~lbm- _k` abbf`n j~ l~ jmn sjln- ‑^kj~“s

|bpts lsm“~ l~2’

‑Mb! ~k`| kjn ~k` `{jo~ bbsl~` sflt~ d`klmn ~k` bm` L xjm~`n! xklok ls jasb lm ~k` djh

xl~k j slilajt ~b-’

‑^kjmf |bp kpmm|!’ sjln _jmntj abbflmh w`t| kj|- ‑X`“w` nbm` Okab`“s ijf`)p gbt

~k` nj|! |bpt m`{~ kpm-’

‑Tlhk~ ~k`m skjaa x`-’ _k` gbaabx`n _jmntj jg~`t ~jflmh k`t sijaa ijf`)p djh gtbi ~k`

lmm`t ~`m~- ‑\bp nln j hbbn bm Okab`“s ijf`)p- Lg |bp nlnm“~ fmbx sk` xjs ~tjms L xbpan kjw`

sjln sk` xjs j t`ja hlta-’

‑^kjmf ^lmj gbt ~k` djs`! L kj~` nblmh ~kj~ dl~- L `{oà j~ ~k` glmlsklmh ~bpok`s! L“i nblmh

slia` Hjmhtà ijf`)p ~bnj| gbt ~k` ~xb bg ps- Jds jmn ^lmj L ~klmf jt` nblmh ~k` sji`-’

Jg~`t ~klt~| ilmp~`s sl~~lmh lm ~k` okjlt lm gtbm~ bg ~kt`` sijaa ilttbts sk` xjs glmlsk`n-

_jmntj jmn k`t ~k`m nlsj`jt`n jmn okjmh`n lm~b ~k` g`s~lwja sflt~s jmn ~bs- _k` oji` bp~ glts~

jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` s`j~ d`sln` Okab`- ‑^kj~ ls j mlo` sflt~ jmn ~b!’ sk` sjln-

‑^kjmfs Mlds!’ tàl`n Okab` abbflmh w`t| kj|! ‑Dlh Ijaaj kjs jat`jn| obiil~~`n bm

l~ ~bb jmn |bp abbf w`t| g`s~lwja lm ~kj~-’

‑^kjmf |bp! L g`à lm j g`s~lwja ibbn!’ sk` sjln-

_jmntj sbbm `{l~`n ~k` ~`m~ jmn nln ~k` gtbm~ p6 sk` eblm`n k`t jmn Okab` jtbpmn ~k` glt`-

Dlh Ijaaj oji` bp~ bg ~k` fl~ok`m jt`j ojtt|lmh j ~tj| bm xklok x`t` gbpt iphs jaa bg

~kì s~`jilmh xl~k gt`ska| ijn` kb~ Okjl- _k` jss`n `jok j op jmn ~k` sj~ nbxm js xàa-

‑Xk`t`“s Njtjps2’ sk` jsf`n _jmntj-

‑^lmj! Jds! Xlaabb! jmn Fj~~`tlmj ~bbf kli gbt j xjaf6 kb`gpaa| k` xlaa d` hbbn gbt ~k`

nbh skbx-’

‑X` ojm dp~ kb`!’ sk` sjln jmn ~bbf j sl gtbi ~k` op- _k` sila`n xk`m ~k` sx``~

slo`s jmn gajwbpts bg Dlh Ijaaj“s Okjl sal`n nbxm k`t ~ktbj~- ‑Ijaaj L m``n |bpt tò`l~! Labw` ~kls Okjl-’

Ijaaj sila`n lm tà| sj|lmh! ‑Bf! bm bm` obmnl~lbm |bp ab~ obi` m`{~ |`jt jmn `jok |`jt



?:?

jg~`t ~kj~ bt tbwln` ps xl~k js hbbn j sòptl~| s`~p-’

‑^k` d`s~ jmsx`t x` ojm hlw` ls x`“aa ~t|- L m`w`t hb~ ~k` glhpt`s gbt |`s~`tnj|“s

~jflmhs2’

‑Jsf W``! L“w` mb~ `w`m d``m ~ban ~kì `l~k`t! dp~ gtbi k`t gjo` js sk` a`g~ ~b hb kbi`

xl~k ~k` `w`mlmh“s ~jflmhs! xjs w`t| ipok bm` bg kjlm`ss-’

‑Jmn ~kj~ kjlm`ss ls ojps` x` ~bbf |`s~`tnj| bw`t :0!333 nòfs! ~kj~ kjs jln gbt m`{~

|`jt-’

Ijaaj sila`n j dlh sila`! ‑J~ ajs~ x` jt` sàg spgglol`m~ jmn ~bnj|“s ibm`| ls tbgl~ ~b d`

abphk`n lm~b ~k` aboja obiipml~|-’

W`` xjaf`n ~b ~k` glt` l~ jmn sj~ nbxm! kjla| silalmh j~ ~k` m`xs- ‑^k` ibm`| jsln`!

~kls |`jt kjs kjn j nlgg`t`m~ wld` ~b ~k` g`s~lwja- @w`t|bm` ls kjwlmh j ab~ ibt` gpm-’

‑Nbm“~ fmbx! L“w` kjn obii`m~s gtbi ~k` g`s~lwja hb`ts jmn ~k`| kjw` sjln ~k`| g`à

sjg`t ~kls |`jt ~kjm ~k`| kjw` bw`t ~k` js~ g`x |`jts- ^b d` kbm`s~ l~“s |bp hp|s ~kj~ kjw` kjn

~kj~ `ggò~! sbi` kjw` jsf`n |bp xkb hp|s jt` jmn lg ~k`| ojm ìab| |bp ~b sòptl~| ~k`lt

`w`m~s-’

_jmntj p~ k`t op bm ~k` htbpmn jmn sjln! ‑Njim L xlsk x` kjn fmbxm! x` obpan kjw`

p~ ~bh`~k`t j nlsaj| bg ~klmhs! jmn tbdjda| dtbphk~ lm j obpa` bg `ba` ~b d` j gtbm~ `mn gbt

ps-’ Jg~`t j g`x sòbmns bg ~klmflmh _jmntj sjln! ‑Ojm |bp tììd`t xkb jsf`n |bp2’

‑Mb!’ tàl`n Ijaaj-‑Bf- ^àa |bp xkj~! L“aa hlw` |bp obiijmns mpid`t jmn h`~ ~k` `ba` ~b tlmh ~k`m! l~“s

~k` d`s~ `ba` ~b `mzplt` bgg-’

%%%%%

:4533DM

^`ji ~xb jmn ~k` s~`xjtn sklg~ ~kj~ xbpan d` xbtflmh xl~k ~kì x`t` lm ~k` s~`xjtn jt`j d`lmh dtl`g`n d| Ebkm jmn Mlds- J~ ~k` mn bg ~k` dtl`glmh Ebkm sjln! ‑Kjw` gpm bp~ ~k t` jmn

tììd`t ~k` sòptl~| ~`jis jmn `ba` jt` ~k`t` js j n`~`tt`m~ ~b ~kbs` xkb alf` ~b ~kl`g bt

dajh-’

_j~ lm ~k` s~`xjtns x`t` Jaal jmn Tbd`t~! js db~k sjln ~k`| xbpan wbapm~``t- _j~ d`sln`

Jaal xjs ^tjo| jmn Okab` xjs xl~k Kjn`m! Ejofl` jmn Glbmj x`t` s~bbn j~ ~k` djof xl~k ^lmj

jmn Jds- Ejofl` xjs lm j abmh s~tjlhk~ wàw`~ ij~`tlja sflt~! ^tjo| kjn a`m~ l~ ~b k`t jabmh xl~k

~k` ~b sk` xjs x`jtlmh js ~k` bp~gl~ sk` kjn bm |`s~`tnj| `w`mlmh xjs k`t bma| bm`! b~k`t ~kjm

bnn jssbt~i`m~ bg b~k`t oab~k`s-

Ejofl` spnn`ma| sjln! ‑^lmj! L ~klmf ipi jmn njn xbpan d` bf xl~k i` d`lmh Ejofl`! dp~ L



~klmf ~k`| m``n ~b s`` ibt` jnpa~ iìd`ts tj~k`t ~kjm ^tjo| bt Glbmj-’

‑Mb tbdaì kpm! `l~k`t i` bt Mlds xbpan d` ibt` ~kjm kj| ~b-’

‑^kjmfs! xk`m ^tjo| jmn Jaal `tspjn`n i` ~b obi` bp~ ~k`| xlaa ~àa |bp L xjs sojt`n

js kàa jdbp~ l~! dp~ Tbd`t~ sjln k` xbpan d` i| okj`tbm`-’

^lmj sila`n sj|lmh! ‑Jmn mbx |bp“t` k`t`2’

‑L abw` l~! L“i s~laa j al~~a` sojt`n bg ~jaflmh ~b `ba`! dp~ L ~klmf ~kj~ xlaa hb xk`m L h`~

ibt` tjo~lo`-’

‑^lmj! nb |bp fmbx xkb nln Okab`“s ijf`)p l~“s `{oàa`m~!’ jsf`n Ejofl`-

‑\`s! i` jmn _jmntj!’ sk` tàl`n- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` ijf`)p Ejofl` kjn bm mbx jmn sk`

jsf`n! ‑Ij| L jsf xkb nln |bpts ~kls ibtmlmh2’

‑Ibs~ bg l~ L nln! ^tjo| glmlsk`n l~ bgg gbt i`-’

_jmntj jmn Mlds db~k xjaf`n bw`t jg~`t ~k` dtl`glmh xjs bw`t silalmh Jaal jmn Tbd`t~

x`t` bm tbwlmh j~tba xl~k ^lmj jmn Jds! Kjn`m jmn F`à`| xbpan d` xl~k Mlds jmn _jmntj-

Wjt~bphkl)tbs` kjnm“~ d``m jda` ~b h`~ ~k` ~li` bgg k`t ebd j~ ~k` aboja k|`tijtf`~ ~b kà bm

~k` nj| sklg~s-

‑X` kjw` ~klt~| ilmp~`s d`gbt` ~k` hj~`s b`m! L ~klmf j ajs~ j~tba d`gbt` x` b`m! jmn

|bp fmbx |bp ~xb xlaa d` ~k` bma| sòptl~| bm j~tba xklas~ ~k` Nbh _kbx ls bm-’

‑\`s Mlds x` nb!’ sk` sjln! ‑_jmntj! xk`m x` h`~ djof gtbi ~k` glts~ j~tba kjw` j hb j~

Ejofl`“s ijf`)p-’

_jmntj abbf`n j~ ~k` ijf`)p Ejofl` kjn bm jmn mbnn`n- ‑\`s! L ~klmf x` ojm nb

sbi`~klmh k`t`-’

^k` htbp ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` _~`xjtn“s Jt`j jmn lm~b ~k` ijlm jt`j bg ~k`

g`s~lwja-

_jmntj jsf`n! ‑Xklok xj|2’

‑Lg |bp nbm“~ ilmn L ~klmf x`“aa hb ~kj~ xj|!’ sjln Jds- _k` xjs blm~lmh ~bxjtns ~k`

Hjaa`t|-

‑Mb tbdaì j~ jaa!’ tàl`n Mlds jmn ~k`m k`t htbp k`jn`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k`

^k`j~t`-

^lmj“s htbp ~ptm`n jmn s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` Hjaa`t|-

‑L kjw` j zp`s~lbm ^lmj! Jds- Kbx xbpan L hb jdbp~ eblmlmh ~k` Hjmhtàs2’ jsf`n Ejofl`

‑^k` d`s~ xj| gbt ~kbs` mb~ nlsjnwjm~jh` d| sbol`~| xbpan d` ~b glmn ~k` m`jt`s~ bm` ~b

|bp jmn hb jmn jsf!’ sk` tàl`n-

Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n ~k` ~tjn`ts x`t` p~~lmh ~k` glmlsklmh ~bpok`s ~b ~k`lt s~jaas ~k` d``t

~`m~ kjn d``m b`m gbt jdbp~ ~klt~| ilmp~`s- @w`m ~k` s~jgg d`klmn ~k` djt abbf`n alf` ~k`| x`t`h`~~lmh lm~b ~k` sltl~ bm ~klmhs- ^k` k`jn dbpmo`t xjs s~jmnlmh j~ ~k` `m~tjmo` jmn mbnn`n

kàab j~ ~k` htbp js ~k`| jss`n-



?:0

Js ~k` htbp ibw`n jxj| gtbi ~k` D``t ^`m~ Jaal sjln! ‑^kj~ dbpmo`t ls jm jttbhjm~ sbm

bg j ‧ L sx`jt xk`m k`“s xbtflmh ~k` nbbt k` `tsbmjaa| ~bpok s`jtok`s ~k` ban`t gìja`

~``mjh`ts ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt bg ~k` Oapd L jmn j ab~ bg ~k` aboja Hl~k obiipml~| ps`! l~“s jasb

ps`n d| b~k`ts-’

‑Lm xkj~ xj|2’ jsf`n Jds abbflmh obmo`tm`n j~ xkj~ Jaal xjs sj|lmh-

‑L nbm“~ fmbx! dp~ L sx`jt k` h`~s ~ptm`n bm js gtbi jdbp~ 33533 bmxjtns k` jaxj|s

okj~~lmh ~b ~k` hltas k` s`ì`n ~b ~jf` sòlja j~~`m~lbm bg! bmo` L sjx kli jaibs~ kjw` bm` hp|

~ktbxm bp~ dòjps` k` xjs okj~~lmh ~b bm` t`~~| dabmn hlta- L a`g~ w`t| m`jt ~k` `mn bg ~k` mlhk~

jmn sk` xjs sj~ j~ ~k` gjt `mn bg ~k` djt! mb~ `w`m ~klmflmh bg a`jwlmh- L gbpmn bp~ bp~sln` sk`

xjs ~k` :0 sln` bg :7! sk` abbf`n :;! :< lm k`t skbt~ ilml jmn jaa ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` sap~ abbf! mb

bgg`mo` ~b Glbmj! dp~ ~kj~ ls ~k` bma| xj| ~b n`sotld` k`t-’

‑_bpmns alf` sbi`bm` ~k` aboja Hjmhtàs skbpan d` abbflmh j~- Nb |bp ~klmf k` fm`x k`t

jh`2’ jsf`n Jds js Eji`s! Klml~j! jmn Opddjnjt x`t` jaa sj~ bp~sln` ~k` Hjaa`t|- Dtjlm xjaf`n

bp~ jmn eblm`n ~kì lm sl~~lmh bp~sln`! ~k` spm xjs d`j~lmh nbxm! kb~ dp~ mb~ ~bb kb~! ~k`t` xjs

jasb j alhk~ dt`ù` dabxlmh xklok f`~ ~k` k`j~ jmn spm s~tbf` wlo~lis nbxm! js ~k` t`wlbps

nj| ~k` glts~ jln`ts kjn d``m tpm bgg ~k`lt g``~ xl~k `ba` xkb kjn kjn ~b ipok spm-

‑^kls kjs d``m ~k` d`s~ x``f`mn L“w` kjn- I``~lmh |bp hp|s! ~k` ~tjn`ts! j obpa` kjw`

jbabhls`n ~b i` xk`m ~k`| kjw` ijn` j ils~jf`- L ~klmf Tbd`t~ bt Jaal kjw` paa`n ~kì p bm

l~-’‑^kj~ ls hbbn ~b k`t`!’ t`sbmn`n Jds! ‑X` x`t` w`t| apof| lm d`lmh Hl~ks! jmn ~b

sbol`~| Hl~ks jt` s~tjmh` jmn sb x` x`t` jda` ~b h`~ jxj| xl~k l~- L ~klmf l~ xjs ~kt`` ibm~ks-’

‑Mb sl{ ibm~ks d`gbt` L hb~ tln bg ~k` gjolja kjlt! ~k` Hjmhtàs nb ojt` gbt ~k`lt iìd`ts-

L“i pmn`t j H`mn`t t`)jsslhmi`m~ sòljals~! dp~ j~ ~k` ibi`m~ L“i a`jwlmh ~klmhs js ~k`| jt`

jmn xk`m jmn lg L nb nòln` ~b kjw` ~k` b! l~“s j gbpt x``f xjl~ jmn L“i pmn`t ~k` fmlg`-’

‑^kj~“s mlo` ~b k`jt!’ sjln Glbmj js ~k` _fj~` Dbjtn s~jh` xjs h`jtlmh p-

_~bbn lm ~k` `m~tjmo` xj| xjs Gbt)pm xkb sila`n j~ ~k` htbp js ~k`| jtbjok`n-Xk`m ~k`| kjn jtbjok`n sk` jsf`n! ‑Mb tbdaìs ajs~ mlhk~2’

‑Mb! eps~ xjl~lmh bm ~k` glts~ djmn ~b jttlw` jmn ~k` _fj~`tu Nlsaj| ^`ji jt` t`jn| ~b

s~jt~ ~k` xbtfskb jmn nlsaj|s- _b x`“t` t`~~| ipok s`~ gbt ~k` nj|-’

Ejofl` abbf`n ps`~ js ~k`| ibw`n jxj|- ‑Xkj~“s p kpm2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑L xlsk L kjn i| ~tbps`ts k`t`! L ps` ~b dajn` jmn L fmbx ~k` _fj~`tu Nlsaj| ^`ji kjw`

j w`t| hbbn Dajn` ^`ji- L ~klmf ~xb bg ~k` xbtan“s d`s~ @{~tì` _bt~u Dajn`ts obi` gtbi ~k`

_fj~`tu Dajn` ^`ji-’

‑\bp `w`t| nbm` l~ lm obi`~l~lbms2’ jsf`n Jaal sbpmnlmh lm~`t`s~`n-

Ejofl` tàl`n! ‑Mb L xjs m`w`t ~kj~ hbbn! l~ xjs ibt` j i`~kbn bg h`~~lmh i` jtbpmn jmn



f``lmh i` gl~-’

Fli xjaf`n bw`t gtbi @IP Hj~` ; jmn sila`n j~ ~kì- ‑\bp xbpanm“~ ilmn xjl~lmh

k`t` xklas~ L nb sbi`~klmh2’

‑Mb! l~“s xkj~ x` j~` spbs` ~b nb!’ sjln Jaal-

Fli nlsj`jt`n ~bxjtns ~k` ~bla`~ dabof-

%%%%%

Mlds! _jmntj! Kjn`m! F`à |! Okab` jmn Glbmj xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` ^tjn`ts Ubm` ~k`|

jtbjok`n ~k` sijaa otjg~ ubm`-

^k` ubm` xjs sijaa js bma| ~kt`` otjg~sijm kjn obi` ~b ~kls |`jts g`s~lwja- Bm` bg ~k`

~kt`` xjs j a`j~k`t xbtf`t xkb xjs sj~ bp~ pmn`t kls xbtf jxlmh xbtflmh j s~tl bg a`j~k`t-

^k` sòbmn xjs j ~tjnl~lbmja eblm`t jmn sj~ bp~sln` xjs j g`x bg ~k` l~ìs sk` kjn ijn`- ^k`

~kltn xjs j ~jlabt j obpa` bg ijmlflms kjn k`t x`jts bm-

_k` sjln! ‑L“aa oj~ok |bp p L m``n ~b lof sbi`~klmh p-’

‑Bf! kpm!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

_k` xjaf`n ~b xk`t` ~k` a`j~k`t otjg~`t xjs xbtflmh6 sk` sila`n j~ kli js k` abbf`n p

jmn sjx k`t jtbjok- K` s~bbn p jmn ~ptm`n ~bxjtns j ~jda` jabmhsln` kls alw`)lm wjm-

_k` s~bbn bm ~k` `nh` bg ~k` jxlmh jmn jxjl~`n kls jtbjok-

‑Jtk Ilss! ~k`t` |bp jt`!’ sjln ~k` h`m~! k` lof`n p xkj~ sk` kjn obi` ~b obaaò~ jmn

j| gbt-

_k` ~bbf bp~ k`t xjaa`~ jmn ~bbf bp~ ~k` 03nòfs ~k`| kjn jht``n bm! bm Gtbnjt `w`mlmh-

_k` abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` xbtf jt`j jmn sjx ~k` xbtf k` xjs xbtflmh bm jmn ~k` ~bba ~kj~ sj~

d`sln` l~- ‛^kj~“s kbx ~k`| nb l~!“ sk` ~kbphk~ js ~k` dapm~ `mn`n lò` bg xbbn jmn nji

a`j~k`t! ‛^k`m nh` ~k` n`slhm-“

^k` h`m~ xjaf bw`t ojtt|lmh k`t ~xb skbt~ s~jw`s gl~~`n ~b j jlt bg kban`ts ~kj~ xbpan

kjmh nbxm d`sln` k`t a`hs jmn d` abb`n bw`t ~k` p~lal~| dà~ sk` xbt`-

_k` jsf`n! ‑^k` `nhlmh ~bba |bp jt` pslmh! xk`t` xbpan L h`~ bm` gtbi2’

‑Jm| hbbn a`j~k`t spal`ts-’

%%%%%

:45?0DM

_jmntj! Mlds! Kjn`m! F`à`|! Okab` jmn Glbmj jaa xjaf`n djof lm eps~ jk`jn bg ^lmj“shtbp- _jmntj xjl~`n gbt ~k` b~k`t htbp jmn js ~k`| jtbjok`n sk` kjn j hbbn abbf j~

Ejofl`“s gjo` jmn ~kbphk~! ‛ L ~klmf slia` jmn dtlmh bp~ k`t |`s! ~k`| kjw j t`ja l`tolmh



?:8

zpjal~| ~b ~kì-“ Js ~k`| xjaf`n lm sk` hpln`n Ejofl` ~b ~k` s`j~ s`~ p lm gtbm~ bg ~kt`` ilttbts-

^lmj gbaabx`n jmn sjln ~b ~k` jlt! ‑Djof lm j sò- Ejofl`! oa`jm bgg jaa ~k` ijf` |bp kjw`

bm mbx jmn d`hlm ~b xbtf j hbbn jibpm~ bg ibls~ptlu`t lm-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n Ejofl` js sk` sj~ nbxm jmn _jmntj jss`n ~k` oa`jmslmh jns ~b k`t-

‑L a`jw` ~k` lml~lja s~jh`s bg ~k` xbtf ~b ^lmj- ^kj~ jt~ L glmn kjtn! jmn sk` kjs jm `|` gbt

xk`t` |bp xlaa m``n obw`tlmh!’ sk` sjln js ^lmj! Glbmj jmn ^tjo| xjaf`n djof-

Glbmj jmn ^tjo| db~k sj~ jmn xj~ok`n ~k` ~tjmsgbtij~lbm-

^lmj abbf`n bw`t ~k` wjtlbps ijf`)p l~ìs jmn sàò~`n j alhk~ obmo`ja`t jmn s~jt~`n ~b

ja| l~ jg~`t ~k` ibls~ptlu`t kjn d``m xbtf`n lm-

^x`m~| ilmp~`s aj~`t Ejofl` sj~ jtbpmn ~k` glt` xl~k j m`x abbf ~b k`t gjo` jmn ~k`

fmbxa`nh` bg kbx ~b nb l~ k`tsàg- _k` ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n j~ ^tjo| h`~~lmh sbt~`n jmn sk` kb`n

a`jtmlmh gtbi ~tp` `{`t~s-

Jg~`t Mlds jmn Jds kjn jttlw`n djof j~ ~k` ot`x jt`j! ^tjo| xjs sj~ xl~k Ejofl` silalmh!

ajphklmh jmn okj~~lmh jdbp~ sbi`~klmh- _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` gtbm~ bg k`t ~`m~ jmn htjdd`n k`t op-

_k` ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` fl~ok`m b`mlmh ~k` ptm bg Okjl- _k` sjx l~ xjs jdbp~ kjag gpaa sb

sk` bpt`n k`tsàg j ntlmf! sk` xjaf`n bp~ _jmntj lmnloj~`n d| ijflmh j ^ slhm xl~k k`t kjmns

~kj~ sk` xjm~`n j ntlmf- _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` ~`m~ ~jflmh _jmntj“s iph jmn glaalmh l~xl~k Okjl- _k` ~bbf l~ ~b _jmntj jmn sjx Glbmj“s m`x abbf- ‑Mbx ~kj~“s nlgg`t`m~-’ Js ~k` w`t|

spdnp`n dp~ t`w`jalmh bg d`jp~| ijf` p dtbphk~ bp~ g`j~pt`s ~kj~ ~k` abbf sk` kjn ps`n

obw`t`n d`gbt`-

‑\`jk! xk`m Glbmj tìbw`n ~k` ijf`)p sk` kjn bm L sjx j d`jp~| lm ~k` gjo` ~kj~ ls L

xbpan sj| bma| `mkjmo`n d| xkj~ x` kjw` nbm`!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑W`t| ipok sb kpm! k`t`! |bpt okjl!’ sk` sjln-

‑L ~klmf L m``n ~b abbf s`tlbpsa| j~ i| xjtntbd`!’ sjln Glbmj! ‑L sb g`à alf` j oajss|xbijm! tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` sap~ L ~kbphk~ L xjs!’

_k` ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` gl~ l~ eblmlmh ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp- ^lmj xjaf`n

bw`t js l~ xjs jaa mbx p ~b _jmntj“s sflaa lm ~k` glmlsklmh ~bpok`s-

‑^lmj! kbx ijm| dà~ kbas~`ts nb x` kjw` lm ~k` wjm! ~k` skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh ls d`hlmmlmh

~b okjg` j dl~2’

‑L ~klmf x` kjw` ~`m! h`m`tlo gjdtlo bm`s jmn glw` a`h kbas~`ts-’

_k` hb~ p jmn s~jt~`n ~bxjtns ~k` wjms- _k` s~b`n! ~ptm`n jmn jsf`n! ‑Xklok bm`2’

‑Xkl~`! abx`t a`g~ t`jt! L ~klmf! ~kj~“s xk`t` ~k`| jt` L tììd`t s``lmh ~kì js L x`m~

tpiijhlmh gbt ~k` gj~)dajn`!’ sjln Jds



_k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` xkl~` wjm jmn saln ~k` sln` nbbt b`m- _k` oalid`n lm! ~ptm`n k`jnlmh

nbxm ~bxjtns ~k` djof- _k` s~b`n jmn s~bb`n b`mlmh ~k` opdbjtn xk`t` ~k` kbas~`ts x`t`-

_k` gbpmn ~k` gjdtlo kbas~`ts jmn ijhjulm` bpok- _k` ~bbf j s`~ jmn oabs`n ~k` nbbt! t`~ptmlmh

~b k`t s`j~- _k` sal`n k`t Nà~ ?08 bp~ jmn sab~~`n l~ kbi` lm~b ~k` dà~ kbas~`t- _k` gl~~`n l~

eps~ d klmn ~k` a`g~ a`h skbt~ s~jw` kban`t-

‑K`|! ~k`| abbf m`x Mlds2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑\`jk! ~k` a`j~k`t)xbtf`t lm ~k` Otjg~ Jt`j ijn` ~kì gbt i` |`s~`tnj|! L“w` eps~ lof`n

~kì p!’ sk` sjln-

‑X`“w` jasb hb~ tln bg j obia`~` kln`! k`“s hblmh ~b d` jtbpmn aj~`t ~b ~jf` j abbf j~ ~kj~

x` kjw`!’ sjln Jds-

‑^kj~“s j blm~! kjs Klml~j s``m |bp Jds jdbp~ sbi` sflms gbt ~k` ntpis2’

‑Mb sk`“s mb~ |`~! L“aa oj~ok k`t m`{~ j~tba-’

Glbmj s~bbn p jmn eblm`n ~k` gtl`mns jtbpmn ~k` Glt` Sl~-

_k` sjln xk`m Glbmj kjn sj~ nbxm! ‑Ajnl`s jmn h`m~s skjaa x` hb jmn s`mn ~k` jg~`tmbbm

jmn `w`mlmh `meb|lmh ~k` g`s~lwja-’

‑\`jk!’ sjln sbi` bg ~k` gtl`mns jmn ~k`| s~bbn p xklas~ sk` p~ ibt` xbbn bm~b ~k`

glt`-

%%%%%

345:0JM

^lmj! Jds! Jaal! ^tjo|! Tbd`t~! Glbmj jmn Ejofl` x`t` sabxa| xjaflmh ~k` sòptl~| tbp~`

xklas~ Mlds jmn _jmntj hb~ t`jn| gbt ~k` nbh skbx-

^k` htbp sabxa| xjaf`n p jss`n ~k` _fj~` Dbjtn _~jh` jmn ~k` Dajn`ts ^`ji xjs

`tgbtilmh j nlsaj| lm ~k` sfj~` dbjtn jtf- _~bbn d`klmn ~k` g`molmh x`t` j sijaa otbxn! j~

bm` `mn xjs j kpsdjmn! xlg` jmn |bpmh`t oklan- Ejofl` sjx ~kì jmn x`m~ w`t| ja` lmn``n jmn

kjn ~b s~b-

^lmj ~ptm`n jmn sjx ~k` ja`m`ss bg Ejofl`“s gjo`- _k` jsf`n! ‑Xkj~“s p2’

‑I| ipi! njn! jmn dtb~k`t ls s~bbn xj~oklmh ~k` Dajn`ts-’

‑Jtk!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑Xàa l~ ijf`s ~klmhs j dl~ ibt` lm~`t`s~lmh ~k`m- L nbm“~ fmbx

xkj~ |bp abbf alf` lm ija` ibbn dp~ L nbpd~ ~k`| xlaa d` jda` ~b tòbhmlu` |bp! jmn lg ~k`| nb

~k`m x` otbss ~k` dtlnh` jdbp~ ~kì kjwlmh j okj~ xl~k ps- L nb ~klmf Mlds jmn _jmntj xbpan d`

d`~~`t gbt l~ js sk` kjs fmbxm |bp j ab~ abmh`t ~kjm L kjw`-’

^k` htbp xjaf`n bw`t ~b ~k` tjlalmh jmn ^lmj jmn Jds s~bbn d`~x``m Ejofl` jmn k`t jt`m~s-

Ejofl`“s njn sjln ~b bm` bg ~k` hp|s a`jmlmh jhjlms~ ~k` lmsln` bg ~k` tjlalmhs! ‑L xlsk



?:<

Jnji xjs k`t`! k` xbpan abw` ~b xj~ok`n |bp hp|s hb-’

‑Xk|! ls k` j dl~ bg j dajn`t ~k`m2’

‑\`jk! k` kjs j jlt jmn ps`s ~kì! dp~ L nbm“~ ~klmf k`“s `w`t hbm` m`jt j sfj~`dbjtn

jtf-’

‑^àa kli! x` tpm jg~`tmbbm jmn `w`mlmh s`sslbms k`t` j~ ~k` x``f`mns ~ktbphk bp~ ~k`

spii`t jmn x` jt` jasb bthjmlslmh j ~tl ~b ~k` Xbtan @{~tì` Hji`s Okjilbmskls xk`m l~

kj`ms lm @okb Obpm~|-’

‑Bf! ~kjmfs!’ sjln Ejofl`“s njn-

^lmj jmn Jds db~k ~ptm`n jmn psk`t`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` htbp jxj|-

‑Tììd`t xkj~ |bpt njn sjln! k` sjx |bp xj~oklmh ~kì!’ sjln Jds-

‑_`` k` nlnm“~ tòbhmlu` |bp!’ sk` sjln-

%%%%%

34533DM

Mlds jmn _jmntj xjaf`n ~b xk`t` _~`kjmlm` xjs t`hls~`tlmh nbhs jmn ~k`lt bxm`ts gbt

~k` Nbh skbx-

_~`kjmlm` sjx ~kì eblm ~k` djof bg ~k` zp`p` jmn xk`m ~k`| jttlw`n j~ k`t sk` sjln!

‑Jaa)t`jn| t`hls~`t`n- L nln ~kj~ `jtal`t-’‑^kjmfs! Jds jmn ^lmj jt` j~tbaalmh x`“t` bm obiipmloj~lbms ~kbphk!’ Mlds sjln-

_~`kjmlm` ~ptm`n ~b bm` bg k`t kà`ts jmn kjmn`n kli ~k` oaldbjtn sk` xjs ojtt|lmh jmn

xjaf`n xl~k ~k` jlt ~b jm ì~| jt`j xk`t` ~k`| jaa sj~ nbxm-

‑^kjmf |bp gbt obilmh!’ sjln _~`kjmlm`- ‑L kbm`s~a| nbm“~ fmbx xkj~ x` xbpan kjw`

nbm` xl~kbp~ |bp bm Gtbnjt-’

‑^kjmfs- ^kjmf ^lmj jmn k`t gjila| ibt` ~kjm ~k` t`s~ bg ps!’ sk` sjln- ‑_k` sphh`s~`n

obilmh-’Jg~`t xjl~lmh gbt ~klt~| ilmp~`s gbt ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` Nbh _kbx xklas~ ~k` glmja `m~tjm~s jmn

~k` bds~joa` obpts` xjs s`~ p lmsln` ~k` jt`mj-

Njtjps xjaf`n j~ _jmntj“s k`à lm~b ~k` jt`mj ~k` bds~joa`s x`t` s`~p t`jn| gbt kli- K`

abbf`n jtbpmn j~ ~k` `ba` xj~oklmh jmn ~k` kpijm lmsln` kli ~kbphk~! ‛A`~s ~t| jmn xlm ~kls

gbt i| gtl`mns-“

_jmntj a`n kli ~b ~k` s``)sjx jmn s~bbn j~ ~k` ilnna` jmn sjln! ‑Obi` bm Njtjps- Obi`

~b i`-’

K` jnn`n ~b k`t! sj~ nbxm jmn abbf`n p j~ k`t- _jmntj d`m~ nbxm jmn lof`n kli p-



_jmntj xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` bds~joa`- _jmntj sjln! ‑P ~k` sab` Njtjps- \bp fmbx

`{jo~a| xkj~ L xjm~-’

‛\`jk bg obpts` L nb _jmntj6 L“i kjwlmh sbi` gpm jmn ijflmh j ab~ bg `ba` ajphk-“

^kls ~li` xk`m _jmntj kjn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` ilnna` k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` `{jo~ ilnna` jmn

ijn` ~k` xkba` djajmo` hb kbtlubm~ja xl~k ~k` gabbt- K` eps~ sj~ ~k`t` abbflmh p j~ k`t- _jmntj

ibw`n ~bxjtns ~k` bbsl~` `mn ~b ~k` bm` k` s~jt~`n bm jmn k` epi`n nbxm jmn gbaabx`n k`t!

~b ~k` ajphk~`t bg ~k` otbxn! lmoapnlmh Mlds-

_jmntj abbf`n j~ kli jmn abbf`n js lg sk` kjn hlw`m p bm ~k` djajmo` jmn ~k`| xjaf`n ~b

~k` m`{~ bds~joa` xklok xjs j sijaa epi `{o`~ ~k` jt`j d`m`j~k ~k` djt xjs b`m- K` xjaf`n

tlhk~ pmn`tm`j~k l~ jmn sila`n j~ _jmntj js lg k` kjn d``m j hbbn db|-

‑Njtjps gbaabx i`-’ _jmntj xjaf`n tbpmn ~b ~k` b~k`t sln` jmn s~``n bw`t ~k` djt- K`

gbaabx`n jmn jhjlm k` xjaf`n tlhk~ pmn`t ~k` djt- ‑Mb~ pmn`t! bw`t! epi bw`t ~k` djt Njtjps-’

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` obpts` xjs ~k` sji`! k` nln ~k` bbsl~` ~b xkj~ _jmntj xjm~`n kli ~b nb-

J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` obpts` k` hb~ >-0 gtbi bm` epnh`! >-7 gtbi j sòbmn jmn j 0 gtbi ~k`

~kltn epnh`! xklok hjw` j t`sò~jda` sobt` bg :>-:-

Jg~`t ~k`| kjn glmlsk`n l~ jmn a`g~ ~k` jt`mj Mlds d`m~ nbxm jmn ijn` j dlh gpss bg

Njtjps xklok hb~ ~k` t`spa~jm~ alof lm tà|-

Jg~`t jaa ~k` b~k`t `m~tjm~s kjn obia`~`n Njtjps hb~ ~kltn ajo` d`klmn j obpa` bg

lmot`nlda| gpmm| nbhs jmn bxm`ts! dp~ k` bma| abs~ glts~ ajo` d| 3-? sb ~k` jt~m`ts x`t`m“~ ~bb

pmkj| d| ~kj~- ^k`m ~k` m`{~ obi`~l~lbm xjs ‛Glmn |bpt bxm`t“! ~k`| kjnm“~ `m~`t`n Njtjps

lm ~kj~ bm`! dp~ s``lmh ~k` nbhs ~t|lmh ~b glmn ~k` bxm`t xjs klajtlbps jmn kjn _jmntj lm s~l~ok`s

ajphklmh- ^k` ajs~ `w`m~ xjs ~k` G`s~lwja flmh jmn zp``m- Mlds eps~ xjaf`n Njtjps jtbpmn ~k`

sl{ epnh`s6 xkb jg~`t j dl~ bg obmspa~j~lbm xtb~` ~k` sobt`s nbxm- J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` obi`~l~lbm

~k` sobt`s x`t` jmmbpmo`n jmn Njtjps xjs wb~`n ~k` flmh bg ~k` G`s~lwja eps~ jk`jn bg j dtbxm)

obabpt`n abmh)kjlt`n ajnbh- ^k` zp``m xjs j skbt~ kjlt`n ibpm~jlm t`sop` dl~ok-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` _òptl~| sklg~ kjn glmlsk`n Mlds! _jmntj jmn Njtjps x`t` xjaflmh ~bxjtns ~k`

~k`j~t` js l~ kjn j b`m obi`n| s~jh` nptlmh ~k` okjmh`bw`ts- ^lmj ojphk~ ~kì p jmn jsf`n!

‑Mlds! _jmntj! xbpan l~ d` bsslda` gbt |bp ~b kjw` j okj~ xl~k Ejofl`“s jt`m~s! ~k`| jt` k`t`

mbx lm ~k` jobps~lo ~`m~-’‑Xk`t`“s Ejofl`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑_k`“s lm ~k` ~`m~ xl~k Jaal! ^tjo| jmn Glbmj- Ajs~ L sjx xjs Kjn`m jmn Okab` x`t`



?4:

k`jnlmh ~kj~ xj|! Njm jmn Tp~k jt` jdbp~ ~b nb j glg~``m ilmp~` s`~-’

_jmntj abbf`n j~ k`t jmn ~k` htbp okjmh`n nltò~lbm k`jnlmh gbt ~k` Jobps~lo ~`m~ jmn

~k` ojgì aboj~`n lmsln`-

Xk`m ~k`| kjn jttlw`n ~k` t`wlbps ~kt`` lò` x`t` eps~ obilmh bgg js _jmntj! ^lmj jmn

k`t xjaf`n lm ~k`| sjx Njm jmn Tp~k mbn! jmn sk` t`~ptm`n ~k` ht``~lmh- Ejofl` xjs sj~

bbsl~` ~k` ojgì jt`j- ^tjo| jmn Glbmj! xkb x`t` sj~ xl~k j h`m~ mb~ ipok ban`t ~kjm Glbmj

xjs! `{o`~ k` xjs j Hl~k6 ~k` ~kt`` xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~kì-

_k` fmà~ nbm` d`sln` Ejofl` jmn jsf`n! ‑Xklok ~kt`` jt` |bpt ipi! njn jmn dtb~k`t2’

‑^kj~ htbp-’ _k` blm~`n ~b ~k` htbp sj~ bw`t lm ~k` abpmh` sò~lbm-

‑_kjaa x` ~k`m2’ sk` jsf`n Ejofl`-

Jaal jmn ^tjo| db~k sjln! ‑Hbbn apof kpm-’

Glbmj ~k`m sjln! ‑Lg ~k`| nbm“~ |bp jaxj|s kjw` ps-’

^k` jlt bg ~kì xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` gjila| htbp Ejofl` fmà~ nbxm jmn sjln ~b ~k`

~kt``! ‑Njn nb |bp tììd`t s~jmnlmh xj~oklmh ~k` Dajn`ts `tgbti |bp sjln ‛L xlsk Jnji

xjs k`t`! k` xbpan abw` ~b kjw` xj~ok`n |bp hp|s hb“2’

‑\`s!’ tàl`n Ejofl`“s njn! ‑L nb tììd`t-’

‑Xàa Jnji nln js i`-’

Ejofl`“s ipi abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sjln jg~`t j g`x sòbmns! ‑Ls ~kj~ t`jaa| |bp Jnji pmn`t

~k`t`2’‑\`s l~ ls ipi!’ tàl`n Ejofl`- ‑L“w` xjm~`n ~b ~àa |bp jdbp~ ~k` t`ja i`! dp~ L“w` m`w`t

kjn ~k` gtl`mns bt ~k` obmgln`mo` ~b nb sb- L jsf`n ~kj~ bm` bg i| gtl`mns jmn obmgln`m~s gtbi

~k` |bpmh ^tjms m`~ sl~` L ps` ~b! ~b obi` jmn-’

‑Stbwln` |bp xl~k ibtja spbt~- Sa`js` kjw` j s`j~! L“i Njwln! ~kls ls Ijptlo` jmn bpt

sbm Balw`t-’

^k` a`jspt` ls jaa ilm`! L“i Mldbaj Oja~bm! jasb fmbxm js Mlds-’ _k` sj~ nbxm jabmh

xl~k Ejofl`- ‑\bp tbdjda| kjw` kpmnt`ns bg zp`s~lbms-’‑\`s jmn ~k` glts~ ls |bptsàg! kbx nb |bp n`glm`2’ jsf`n Njwln-

‑L n`glm` js j gpaa ~li` ^tjms xbijm jmn kjw` d``m gbt ~k` ajs~ ~kt`` x``fs! d`gbt` ~k`m L

xjs j ~kt`` ijebt klhk sokbba s~pn`m~ jmn ~k` ~jth`~ bg ~k` sokbbas dpaal`s- A`~s eps~ sj| ‛dpaal`s

skbpan abbf bp~ gbt ~k` tà| pmok“-’

Js sk` okj~~`n sk` xjs jasb xj~oklmh ~k` kj`mlmhs bm s~jh`- Njm sj~ nbxm jmn aphh`n

lm kls Hpl)Ntji jmn ijn` spt` ~k` ojda` xjs ~pof`n jxj| jmn mb~ alfà| ~b obi` bp~ d|

jooln`m~-

‑^kj~ L fmbx jaa ~bb xàa! L“i j ol~| sòptl~| bgglo`t! L xbtf js j ajlm oab~k`s n`~ò~lw`

xbtflmh gtbi ~k` sòptl~| bgglo` bm ~k` dbtn`ts bg X`s~ Klaas jmn Dap` Tlnh`- L xbpan sj| d|



~k` gjo~ |bp jt` ojtt|lmh j ls~ba |bp ips~ d` sòptl~| jmn L xbpan sj| ibt` ~kjm alfà| j _~t``~

Hkbs~ js xàa- Ij| L jsf kbx ban jt` |bp Mlds6 ~kj~ ls bf ~b ojaa |bp ~kj~2’

‑\`s l~ ls Njwln6 L“i :8 mbx jmn :; lm j x``f jmn kjag- L ji j gpaa _~t``~ Hkbs~ jmn jasb

j iìd`t bg ~k` Hjmhtàs _~t``~ Hjmh! js jt` ibs~ bg ~k` iìd`ts bg ~k` sòptl~| k`t`- Ejofl`“s

mb~ k`t` bm k`t bxm `l~k`t! sj~ bw`t d| ~k` `m~tjmo` jt` ibt` bg k`t gtl`mns gtbi ~k` okj~

tbbi-’

Njm s~jt~`n ~b aj| jmn sbbm Tp~k eblm`n kli! ~k`| db~k sjmh jsxàa-

Njwln abbf`n j~ ~k` htbp jmn sjx ~kì jaa sj~ bw`t ~k`t`- ‑Hb jmn dtlmh ~kì bw`t k`t`

|bp! L“w` m`w`t i`~ ~k` `ba` |bp ojaa gtl`mns-’

Ejofl` hb~ p jmn nlsj`jt`n ~bxjtns ~kì-

‑I| xbtf kjs dtbphk~ i` lm obm~jo~ xl~k sbi` lm~`t`s~lmh jmn wjtl`n `ba`s! ibs~

^tjms L s`` ~k`| kjw` jm j~~l~pn` tbdaì-’

‑L“w` mb~ d``m bp~ ~kj~ abmh jmn kjw`m“~ t`jaa| s~jt~`n ~b `{abt` ~k` ja~`tmj~lw` xbtan

|`~-’

Ejofl` t`~ptm`n xl~k ~k` `m~lt` htbp jmn ~k`| sj~ nbxm jg~`t Njwln sjln! ‑Ijptljm!

Balw`t ibw` ~kls xj| jmn a`~ ~kì sl~ nbxm-’

‑Ls sbi`bm` hblmh ~b lm~tbnpo` ps a`js` jmn xkj~ ls `w`t|bm`! ~b i` |bp jaa abbf alf`

t`ja hltas2’ jsf`n Ijptljm-

Ejofl` lm~tbnpo`n `jok jmn `jok n`sotld`n ~kì sàw`s lm ~`tis bm s~j~ps js ^tjms bt t`ja-

_k` abbf`n j~ Balw`t xkb xjs sj~ d`sln` k`t! k` xjs abbflmh jtbpmn lm xbmn`ti`m~!

‑Balw`t kbx ban jt` |bp2’

‑:4 ij“ji-’ K` dapsk`n j dl~-

‑Kj| nbm“~ dapsk! eps~ ~klmf bg Ejofl` js |bpt m`x sls~`t-’

Jg~`t j xkla` bg okj~~lmh jmn als~`mlmh ~b ~k` `{oàa`m~ ipslo obilmh gtbi Njm jmn Tp~k!

db~k Ojtba jmn A`lj eblm`n ~k` ajth` htbp-

Ijptljm jsf`n Ejofl`! ‑Xk| nlnm“~ |bp ~àa ps! x` jt` gjila|2’

‑^k` slia`s~ t`jsbm ipi ls sb ijm| bg i| gtl`mns gtbi ~k` ^tjms okj~ tbbi xkb kjw`!

kjw` `mn`n p bm ~k` s~t``~s xl~k mb bm` ~b kà ~kì bt spbt~ ~kì- L ~kbphk~ ~kj~ xbpan d`

i| gj~` ipi!’ tàl`n Ejofl`

‑Xkj~! |bp ips~ d` flnnlmh! ~k`| h`~ ~ktbxm bp~ bm ~b ~k` s~t``~s gbt d`lmh ~tjms2’ jsf`n

Ijptljm abbflmh w`t| skbof`n j~ ~k` lmgbtij~lbm-

‑L~“s w`t| ~tp`!’ Mlds sjln! ‑Bm ibt` ~kjm bm` boojslbm L“w` d``m ~k` ot|lmh dbjtn lm ~k`

tbbi- J ab~ bg ~k` hltas abbf`n p ~b i` d`gbt` L x`m~ gpaa ~li`- Mbx! L ~klmf L“i j hbnn`ss ~b

sbi`-’‑L~“s jaa nbxm ~b ~k` ^à` jmn kbx ~k`| bt~tj| ~k` `tgò~ gjila| bg njn! ipi! ~k` db|s

jt` db|s jmn hltas jt` hltas- J db| ojm“~ d` j hlta-’



?4?

‑Jmn j hlta ojm“~ d` j db|- Kl L“i Tbd`t~-’ K` xjaf`n p abbflmh w`t| tàl`w`n-

‑Jmn kbx nb |bp n`glm`! ~tjms bt t`ja2’ jsf`n Ijptljm! ‑L“w` jsf`n `w`t|bm` às` lm ~k`

htbpmn-’

Tbd`t~ sj~ nbxm d`~x``m Okab` jmn A`lj tà|lmh! ‑L sàg n`glm` js j ^tjms Ijm! L xjs

dbtm j xbijm jmn xk`m L ojm tjls` ~k` gpmns L xlaa dòbi` js oabs` ~b j ijm js L ojm-’

‑^kjmfs! l~ ijf`s alg` `jsl`t lg L fmbx gtbi xk`t` |bp obi` jmn kbx |bp n`glm`! js jaa

bg ~k` ^tjms xbi`m abbf s~pmmlmh! lm ~kj~ ijf`)p- Xkb nln l~2 Mb~klmh jhjlms~ jm| bg |bp!

dp~ ~kj~ ls ~k` xbtf bg j ~tjlm`n ijf )p jt~ls~-’

‑M`w`t fm`x L xjs bm` bg ~kbs`!’ tàl`n ^lmj abbflmh w`t| a`js`n xl~k k`tsàg- ‑I|

sàg jmn _jmntj nln jaa bg ~kì jmn ~jphk~ ~kì kbx ~b nb gbt ~kì sàw`s-’

‑^b obi` djof ~b ~k` sl~pj~lbm! sb kbx nb ~k`| sptwlw`! `j~! sa`` jmn spok2’

‑Ibs~ ~b d` kbm`s~ jt` `j~`m d| ~k` i`j~ gjo~bt| ~kj~ ls _~t``~ Alg`- N``mnlmh bm ~k`

djof htbpmns ibs~ xkb obi` gtbi obtbtj~` `moajw` djofhtbpmns! nbm“~ sptwlw` w t| abmh! ~k`

s~t``~ alg` n`jas j k`jw| dabx ~b ~kbs` jttbhjm~ jmn xkb jo~ jdbw` ~k`lt s~j~lbm- Bg ~kbs` gtbi

~k` s~t``~! ibs~ sptwlw` bg sbt~s! ~k`| jt` w`t| ojt`gpa xl~k xkb ~k`| ijf` gtl`mns xl~k jmn ~k`|

t`~~| ipok alw` bm ~k` gtlmh`s bg ~k` Ja~`tmj~lw` jmn Hl~k so`m`s- ^k` apof| g`x jt` ojphk~ d|

~k` Hjmhtàs jmn jt` hlw`m j ajo` ~k`| ojm ojaa kbi`- X` joo`~ `ba` js `ba`! d` ~k`|

Hj|! A`sldljm! Dl)s`{pja! ^tjms! Lm~`ts`{`n! _~tjlhk~! bt xkj~`w`t! |bp jt` |bp- X` epnh` |bp

bm |bpt jo~lbms gtbi ~k` blm~ bg i``~lmh bt lg x`“w` d``m xj~oklmh |bp gtbi ~k` s~jt~ bg ~kj~xj~oklmh- ^lmj xjs lof`n p d| Jds jmn sk` ls mbx ~k` `tsbm |bp s`` ~k`lt! j tbg`sslbmja

xbijm! xkb sòljals`s lm àò~tbmlos! jmn obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ìs- K`t t`g`tt`n x`jbm ls

U4 Jssjpa~ _ml`t Tlga` jmn sk` js _b~~`t gbt Jds!’ tàl`n _jmntj- ‑Mbx Mlds kjs lm~tbnpo`n

ps ~b ~k` xbtan bg ~k` \bpmh ^tjms ibt` xlaa d` kà`n-’

Bm` bg ~k` ija` s~jgg iìd`ts xjaf`n bw`t jmn jsf`n! ‑Ojm L ~jf` j ntlmfs btn`t2’

Njwln tàl`n! ‑\`jk L obpan nb xl~k j ntlmf2’

‑L“aa h`~ ~k` ~jd!’ Mlds sjln! ‑i| ~t`j~ gbt i| gtl`mns-’@w`t|bm` ~k`m hjw` ~k`lt ntlmfs btn`t ~b ~k` ija` s~jgg iìd`t- K` k`jn`n djof ~b ~k`

ojgì sò~lbm jmn s~jt~`n ~b glaa ~k` btn`t-

‑L fmbx ~k` xbtf ~k` Hjmhtàs nb gbt ~kbs` `ba` nbxm~tbnn`m d| sbol`~|!’ sjln Njwln-

^k` s~jgg iìd`t t`~ptm`n ojtt|lmh j ajth` ~tj| jmn jss`n bp~ ~k` ntlmfs- _k` hjw` ~k`

s~jgg iìd`t ibt` ~kjm `mbphk ~b obw`t ~k` dlaa jmn sjln! ‑F`` ~k` okjmh`-’

‑^kjmfs!’ t`sbmn`n ~k` s~jgg iìd`t jmn k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` obpm~`t-

Jg~`t j xkla` bg okj~~lmh Ijptlo` sjln! ‑L ~klmf L ilhk~ abbf j~ bgg`tlmh i| kà ~b ~k`

^tjms obiipml~|-’

Balw`t jmn ~xb bg kls sokbba gtl`mns xjaf`n djof lm~b ~k` ijtzp`` jmn bw`t ~b xk`t` ~k`



htbp x`t` sl~~lmh-

_k` sjln ~b Ejofl` xk`m ~k` ~kt`` kjn sj~ nbxm! ‑\bp kj|- _`` l~ x`t`m“~ ~kj~ djn xjs

l~2’

‑Mb! ~kjmfs Mlds! mb~ bma| jt` |bp j obmglnjm~! dp~ |bp jt` ‧ L ojm“~ n`sotld` xkj~ |bp

jt`-’

‑L jht`` xl~k i| njphk~`t Mlds! |bp kjw` j t`s`mo` ~kj~ dplans sàg obmgln`mo` jmn

okjmh`s `ba`“s j~~l~pn`s!’ sjln Njwln-

Jg~`t Ejofl`“s tà|! bm` bg Balw`t“s gtl`mns abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` htbp jmn ip~~`t`n

sbi`~klmh jmn a`g~ ~k` ~jda`- Balw`t gbaabx`n kli bp~ bg ~k` ~`m~-

_jmntj a`m~ bw`t jmn xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑A`~s eps~ sj| xkj~ oji` gtbi kls ibp~k xjs

mb~ w`t| mlo` js l~ obmo`tm`n ~k` ^tjms obiipml~|-’

_k` abbf`n j~ _jmntj jmn Balw`t“s b~k`t gtl`mn xkb sjln! ‑Jmn xkj~ |bp k`jtn gtbi D`m

ls mb~ i| blmlbm- L“w` m`w`t t`jaa| alf` kli! k` kjs j gbpa ibp~k jmn ~kj~ ls np` ~b kls ib~k`t“s

ajmhpjh`- L eps~ xlsk L xjs ban`t L ~klmf L obpan t`jaa| gjmo| sbi` bg |bp-’

Ejofl` jmn Glbmj db~k dapsk`n j~ ~k` obii`m~- _k` hp`ss`n ~kj~ ~k`| x`t` t`jn| dp~ ~b

k`jt obii`m~s alf` ~kj~ gtbi sbi`bm` ibs~ bg ~kì nbm“~ t`jaa| fmbx xjs mlo`-

Balw`t xjaf`n djof! ps`~ jmn jmht| j~ sbi`~klmh- Xk`m Balw`t kjn sj~ nbxm k` sjln ~b

Ejofl`! ‑^kj~ ~xj~ ls mb abmh`t i| gtl`mn jmn L ~ban kli k` obpan‧ K`“s mb~ j mlo` `tsbm ~kj~

db| jmn ~k` ib~k ts js djn-’

Jg~`t j obpa` ibt` kbpts bg okj~~lmh ~k` g`s~lwja oabs`n jmn jaa bg ~k` `ba` a`g~! dp~

ìjla“s! kbm` mpid`ts kjn d``m `{okjmh`n jmn ~k` Hjmhtàs fm`x xk`t` ~b glmn ibs~ bg

~kì! bmalm`-’

^k` dt`jf x`m~ xl~kbp~ lmoln`m~ jmn bm Gtbnjt sbi` ìb~lbmja gjt`xàas x`t` kjn-

‑X` xlaa jaxj|s d` jtbpmn! x` kjw` |bpt kbm` mpid`ts jmn ìjlas jmn |bp kjw` bpts!’

Mlds sjln-

‑^tp`!’ t`sbmn`n Ebkm- ‑L~ kjs d``m `{oàa`m~ ~b xbtf jabmhsln` spok tbg`sslbmja

`ba -’

‑W`t| ipok sb-’

%%%%%

Xk`m ~k` ~xb htbp t`jok`n Kbi` Djs` _jmntj sjln ~b Ils~|“s htbp! ‑X` jt` kjwlmh j

jt~| j~ Oapd Ilaajmj bm Paa`ji m`{~ x``f! |bp ab~ jt` lmwl~`n- X`“t` hblmh gbt j i`ja glts~ L

~klmf jmn ~k`m bm~b ~k` Oapd-’‑Xkj~“s kj`mlmh j~ ~k` Oapd2’ jsf`n Ils~|-

‑J gtl`mn bg ilm`! Tlokjtn Okjmo`t ls kjwlmh j _~t``~ Glhk~ xl~k _ptjdbm!’ tàl`n Mlds-



?40

‑X`“aa d` ~k`t`!’ t`al`n Ils~|-



Okj~`t 40

Njtjdjt 43~k Epxpt ‟ 37533DM

_~bbn lm ~k` dj~ktbbi Ji| abbf`n j~ k`tsàg lm ~k` ilttbt jdbw` ~k` xjsk kjmn djslm!

aj|lmh bm ~k` sijaa skàg jdbw` ~k` slmf xjs k`t gj~k`t“s oabs`)skjw` tjubt jmn ~k` dajn` xjs

b`m- ‛Xk| ipi! xk| nln |bp kjw` ~b nlsj`jt bm ps2 L kj~` ~kj~ skl~` kba` sokbba! L kj~`

Jdlhjla Ilaa`t jmn jaa k`t gtl`mns- Xk| nb ~k`| m`w`t a`jw` i` jabm`2“ _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` b`m

oabs`)skjw` tjubt jmn t`jalu`n sk` xjs ~klmflmh ~k` ~kbphk~s jdbp~ sploln` jhjlm- ‑MB!’ sk`

skbp~`n jmn t`jalu`n ~kj~ kjn d``m j ab~ abpn`t ~kjm sk` kjn i`jm~ l~ ~b d`-

Dlaa“s wblo` ojaa`n ~ktbphk ~k` abof`n dj~k tbbi nbbt! ‑\bp bf sls2’

‑\`jk ~kjmfs!’ sk` ojaa`n djof jmn oabs`n ~k` dajn` p~~lmh l~ jxj| lm ~k` opdbjtn- _k`

xjsk`n k`t gjo` jmn p~ k`t dtj jmn nt`sslmh hbxm bm- _k` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` dj~ktbbi! jss`n

k`t dtb~k`t xkb xjs s~jmnlmh bp~sln` xjl~lmh ~b h`~ lm-

Js sk` jss`n kli! Dlaa sjln! ‑\bp ~klmflmh ~kbs` ~kbphk~s jhjlm2’

_k` ~ptm`n! abbf`n j~ kli jmn mbnn`n- _k` abbf`n nbxm j~ ~k` gabbt-

‑_ls! |bp jt` s~tbmh`t ~kjm ~kì! nbm“~ a`~ ~kì xlm-’

Js sk` ~ptm`n lm~b k`t! Kìij“s jmn D`j~tlo`“s tbbi sk` sila`n j~ Dlaa jmn sjln! ‑L“i

mb~ a`~~lmh ~kì xlm! dp~ l~“s h`~~lmh kjtn`t-’

_k` xjaf`n lm jmn sjx Kìij jmn D`j~tlo` sa``lmh `jo`gpaa| bm ~k` dpmf d`ns- _k`xjaf`n ~b l~ jmn skbbf ~k` jlt jxjf`-

Kìij b`m`n k`t `|`s jmn abbf`n j~ k`t! sk` sila`n jmn opnna`n k`t- ‑L abw` |bp sls-’

D`j~tlo` xbf` jmn ``t`n bw`t ~k` tjlalmh bg ~k` ~b dpmf jmn sila`n j~ k`t ~xb sls~`ts-

‑L abw` |bp db~k! dp~ |bp“w` hb~ ~b h`~ p jmn t`jn| gbt sokbba! Dlaa“s hblmh ~b d` ~jflmh

|bp! njn“s jat`jn| a`g~ gbt xbtf-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n Kìij jmn ~k` jlt hb~ p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` dj~ktbbi! xk`t` ~k`| xjl~`n

gbt Dlaa ~b glmlsk-

Ji| ~k`m hb~ k`tsàg nt`ss`n jmn x`m~ nbxm s~jlts xk`t` sk` ijn` spt` k`t sokbba djh

xjs t`jn| gbt k`t xk`m sk` a`g~ ~b oj~ok ~k` sokbba dps- Lm ~k` fl~ok`m sk` t`jt`n Kìij!

D`j~tlo` jmn Njil`m“s dt`jfgjs~s jmn sijaa apmok`s- _k` abbf`n lm ~k` gtlnh` jmn sjx w`t|

al~~a`- ‛ L kb` njn h`~s jln ~bnj|! x` m``n sbi` gbbn-“

Dlaa xjaf`n lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m! htjdd`n klisàg j op jmn ijn` klisàg j obgg``- ‑\bp xjm~

bm` sls2’

‑\`jk! ~kjmfs! L“i hblmh kpmht| ~bnj|! x`“w` hb~ mb gbbn gbt i| apmok! ~k` flns kjw`

~k`lts-’ _k` abbf`n j~ Dlaa jmn sjln! ‑\bp hblmh ~b sokbba ~bnj| bt jm| nj| ~kls x``f2’

‑Xkj~ ls ~k` blm~! L“i mb~ a`jtmlmh jm|~klmh! L“aa d` apof| ~b xjaf bp~ xl~k jm|



?48

zpjalgloj~lbms-’

Njil`m xjaf`n lm jmn sj~ j~ ~k` ~jda` xk`t` k` s~jt~`n ~b `j~ kls dt`jfgjs~- Njil`m xjs

sbbm eblm`n d| j silalmh jmn kj| Kìij jmn D`j~tlo`-

%%%%%

Ji| b`m`n ~k` nbbt jmn sjx ~k` m`x gjo`! sk` kjn s``m ~k` t`wlbps `w`mlmh! xjaf p

~k` sln` jssjh` bg ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms Kbi` djs`- _k` ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm tbjn jmn s~jt~`n

~b xjaf ~bxjtns l~-

_k` ojaa`n bp~ ~b k`t! ‑Kjmh bm-’

^k` gìja` s~b`n! sila`n jmn xjl~`n gbt k`t ~b oj~ok p-

‑Kl! L“i Ji|! |bp jt`2’

‑Mldbaj Oja~bm! Mlds ~b i| gtl`mns-’

‑Kl Mlds!’ sk` sjln jmn jg~`t j skbt~ jps`! ‑L tììd`t |bp mbx! db~k i` jmn i|

dtb~k t Dlaa sjx |bp |`s~`tnj| tlnlmh laalbm xl~k _jmntj-’

‑\`jk |bp nln!’ tàl`n Mlds xkb abbf`n k`t p jmn nbxm! dp~ f`~ silalmh j~ k`t- ‑\bp

bgg ~b sokbba2’

‑\`jk! bm` bg ~k` Ol~|)tpm npis- L xlsk _ji! i| s~ìb~k`t! kjnm“~ nlsj`jt`n- X`

abs~ k`t lmobi`6 sk` xjs j SJ gbt j Tb~btf WS! xklok jln gbt i` ~b j~~`mn ~k` Tb~btf Jojnì|-’

‑Jm| ln`j xk| sk` a`g~2’ jsf`n Mlds sbpmnlmh js lg sk` xjm~`n ~b fmbx xk|-

‑Mb! mbm`- Nphhl`! i| njn! nb`s kls d`s~ dp~ l~ lsm“~ `mbphk sbi` x``fs- Dlaa! i| ban`t

dtb~k t! tpm“s ttjmns gbt ~k` n`ja`ts bm ~k` obtm`t bw`t ~k`t ! sb x` ojm h ~ sbi` gbbn bm ~k`

~jda` sbi` nj|s- L fmbx bm` bg ~k` t`hpajts xjm~s ~b h`~ lm ~b i| fmlof`ts!’ sk` sjln- _k`

xjm~`n ~b i``~ sbi`bm` xkb obpan p~ ~k` n`ja`ts lm ~k`lt ajo`! jmn jasb nb ~k` sji` ~b ~k`

dpaal s-‑Djn apof bm ~k` _ji lssp`- \bp hb~ jm p)~b)nj~` kb~b L obpan dbttbx- L“aa p~ ~k`

lo~pt` p bm j g`x ilsslmh `tsbm hjaa`tl s L fmbx bg-’

‑^kjmfs! ~k` Wl{`ms jt` sbi` bg ~k` d`s~ jmn mlo`s~ `ba` L fmbx-’

‑^kjmfs- K`| nb`s Dlaa j~~`mn sokbba2’ _k` k`jtn ~k` zp`s~lbm jmn t`jalu`n ~kj~ Mlds xjs

sbi`bm` xkb ojt`n gbt `ba`-

‑\`jk! lg k` ojm d` db~k`t`n ~b-’

^k` jlt s~jt~`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` obtm`t6 Mlds s~b`n jmn sk` xbmn`t`n xk| Mlds

abbf`n p jmn nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn- ‑Eps~ ~klmflmh xk`t` L ji hblmh ~b hb-’

’L“i hblmh ~bxjtns ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm bm _T?>;48-’



‑Bf-’ Mlds eblm`n k`t js sk` xjaf`n sabxa| nbxm ~k` tbjn ~bxjtns |`~ jmb~k`t nj| lm

kàa- ^k`| kjn t`jok`n ~k` epmo~lbm ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm! ~k`| otbss`n ~k` tbjn! k`t

lmzplsl~lw` mj~pt` hb~ ~k` d`~~`t bg k`t jmn sk` jsf`n! ‑Kbx obi` L kjw`m“~ s``m |bp xl~k ~k`

Wl{`ms d`gbt` |`s~`tnj| `w`mlmh2’

‑L bma| eblm`n ~k` Wl{`ms ajs~ Gtbnjt!’ tàl`n Mlds

_k` tììd`t`n ~k` jt~| Mlds xjs ~jaflmh jdbp~! db~k Dlaa jmn sk` kjn d``m lmwl~`n ~b

hb! dp~ ~kj~ Gtbnjt sk` kjn mb~ gà~ alf` `w`m okj~~lmh ~b k`t njn jdbp~ ~k` tbdaìs j~ sokbba a`~

jabmh hblmh bp~ ~b ~t| jmn `meb| k`tsàg- ‑Bk ~kj~ jt~| ~k`| kjn! db~k L jmn Dlaa kjn d``m

lmwl~`n dp~ Dlaa xjs bp~ nàlw`tlmh sbi` ntphs! jmn L nlnm“~ g`à alf` sboljalslmh-’

Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` Mlds sjln! ‑Mb~ ~b xbtt|! ijm| ibt` jt~l`s ~b d` kjn-’ _k` ~k`m

bgg`t`n ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` sk` kjn d``m sibflmh- ‑L kjn d`~~`t xjtm |bp l~“s pt`-’

_k` s~b`n! abbf`n j~ l~ jmn ~kbphk~! ‛ Gòf l~ xk| mb~! l~“s mb~ alf` mb bm` sibf`s-“ _k`

sjln! ‑Kàa xk| mb~-’ _k` ~bbf l~ jmn sj~ nbxm bm j abx xjaa- _k` obpanm“~ kà dp~ s~jt~ ~b ot|-

_k` kjn m`w`t i`~ jm|bm` alf` Mlds sk` kjn t`s`mo` ~kj~ sk` kjn m`w`t obi` jotbss- _k` xjs

obmgln`m~! ojtlmh! obijmslbmj~`! dp~ xl~k bp~ skbxlmh ~kì bdwlbpsa|- _k` gà~ jm jti jtbpmn

k`t skbpan`ts paalmh k`t lm~b l~s xjti ìdtjo`- _k` gà~ sjg` xl~klm ~k`s` bx`tgpa jtis! mb~

`w`m k`t njn kjn jtis ~kj~ gà~ ~k` alf` ~k`s` nln-

J sbg~ wblo` oji` ~b k`t ~ktbphk ~k` gabbnlmh ~`jts! ‑Xkj~“s xtbmh! Ji|2’ ^k` ~bm` xjs

sbb~klmh jmn obigbt~lmh- Mb~ pmalf` _ji kjn d``m xk`m sk` kjn kpt~ k`tsàg bt xjs g`àlmh

nbxm-

Jg~`t ~k` sbddlmh kjn `js`n salhk~a|! sk` sjln! ‑L kj~` hblmh ~b sokbba eps~ “ojps` bg xk`t`

L alw`! tlhk~ m`{~ nbbt ~b bm` bg ~k` ijebt ntph n`ja`ts lm ~k` jt`j- L h`~ lof`n bm! ibs~a| mji`)

ojaalmh jmn spok- Ibs~ bg ~k` sokbba ~klmfs L ji bm` bg kls xkbt`s! js k` bxms m`jta| jaa bg ~k`

m`lhkdbptkbbn! bma| i| kbi` jmn xk`t` |bp jt` alwlmh jt` gt`` bg kls oap~ok`s! djt Dlaa- L f``

d`lmh jsf`n ~b h`~ j gt`` sjia`-’

Xk`m sk` kjn sj~ djof p s~tjlhk~ Mlds sjln! ‑^àa |bp xkj~- L“aa b ~b ~k` sokbba bm`

apmok~li` jmn x`“aa s`` kbx ~k` dpaal`s kjmna` sbi`bm` alf` i`-’

‑Xbpan |bp nb ~kj~ gbt i`2’ sk` tàl`n s~laa ot|lmh-

‑\`jk! L xjs jasb ~k` ~jth`~ gbt dpaal`s j~ sokbba- ^kj~ xjs pm~la L kjn glmlsk`n i| `{jis-

‛Dpaal`s skbpan xj~ok gbt ~k` tà| pmok“-’

‑\bp! dpaal`n! mb xj|2’ sk` sjln js ~k` ~`jts s~b`n jmn sk` xl`n jxj| ~k` t`slnpja-

‑\`jk! jm|xj| |bp kjw` j dps ~b oj~ok- Lg |bp kjw` jm| jojnìlo tbdaìs b bw`t

jmn L“aa s`` lg L ojm kà |bp- L xjs j s~tjlhk~)J s~pn`m~ lm j g`x bg i| spdeò~s! Kls~bt| jmn

Okìls~t| d`lmh ~xb-’‑^kjmfs!’ sk` sjln js ~k`| s~jt~`n ~b xjaf jhjlm- ^k`| t`jok`n ~k` gpà)s~j~lbm! js ~k`

sokbba dps xjs eps~ paalmh p-



?4<

‑K`| m`{~ ~li` ~k`| hlw` |bp skl~ ~àa i`!’ sjln Mlds js sk` xjaf`n bm jmn ~ptm`n js~ ~k`

gtbm~ bg ~k` gpà s~j~lbm-

‑L xlaa ~kjmfs jhjlm-’ _k` sj~ bm ~k` xjaa js ~k` `ba` xkb jaxj|s hb~ lm glts~ oalid`n

jdbjtn jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` djof- _k` dbjtn`n jmn sj~ lm k`t mbtija s`j~ j~ ~k` gtbm~-

Js ~k` ntlw`t paa`n bgg sk` ~kbphk~ jdbp~ xkj~ Mlds kjn sjln! ‛ Mb bm` kjs `w`t bgg`t`n ~b

obi` lm jmn n`ja xl~k ~k` dpaal`s- L fmbx L ji hblmh ~b m``n kà ~b h`~ i| `{jis lm j obpa`

bg |`jts- Xk| ji L a`~~lmh ~kì xlm L ji s~tbmh`t ~kjm ~kj~! ~k` |bpmh bm`s m``n sbi`bm` xkb

ls s~tbmh-“

%%%%%

^btdjt :7 ~k Jpjt ‟ 385>0

Ji| jttlw`n j~ ~k` Gpà _~j~lbm xk`t` sk` k`jtn j htbp bg hltas s~jt~ zpl`~a| ~jaflmh jmn

~k`| f`~ hajmolmh lm k`t nltò~lbm- ^k`| dbjtn`n ~k` dps jmn sj~ lm ~k`lt mbtija s`j~s! js nln

sk`- Js ~k` dps a`g~ ~k` gpà s~j~lbm ~k` gbtòjs~`n tjlm s~jt~`n ~b obi` nbxm kjtn jmn ~k` obabpt

bg ~k` oabpns xklok kjn d``m dplanlmh gbt j ab~ bg ~k` ibtmlmh nlnm“~ abbf hbbn- ^k` xkls`tlmh

jmn ~k` g`àlmh bg d`lmh xj~ok`n obm~lmp`n ~ktbphkbp~ ~k` ~tl ~b ~k` klhk sokbba- _k` xjs

kj| sk` kjn Ijtf Klaa glts~ jmn kls xlg` Jmhàlzp` ~kltn jmn gbpt~k-

^k` xjaf gtbi ~k` dps ~b ~k` sokbba `m~tjmo` xjs nbxm j jwì`m~ s~t`xm xl~k pnna`sibs~ s~t`~oklmh gtbi bm` sln` ~b ~k` b~k`t- @w`m pslmh k`t alhk~ ejof`~ js j kbbn sk` hb~ x`~- J

obpa` bg `ba` sk` fm`x ~b sj| kl ~b xjaf`n ~k` jotbss ~k` ojt)jtf pslmh j ajth` pidtàaj

jmn ~k`| ps`n l~ ~b sklàn k`t gtbi ~k` xbts~ bg ~k` tjlm-

^k` gìja` xkb“s ejof`~ kjn ~k` djnh` gbt Obidj~ <3! j aboja _~t``~ Hjmh! xklok kjn j

tàj~lwà| hbbn jssbolj~lbm xl~k ~kls sokbba- Ibs~ bg ~k` hjmh nlnm“~ ojt` jdbp~ sokbba- _k`

sjln! ‑\bp bf kpm2’

‑\`jk ~kjmfs! L“aa d` bf-’^k` jlt s~b`n jmn abbf`n bp~! ‑L d`~ l~ nbm“~ oa`jt pm~la ~kls `w`mlmh lg mb~ bw`t mlhk~-’

‑L kb` l~ nb`s `js` j~ a`js~ d`gbt` ~k` `mn bg sokbba!’ Ji| sjln! ‑b~k`txls` L“i h`~~lmh

w`t| x`~-’

^k` ija` xkb jasb kjn j ejof`~ xl~k ~k` ìdaì bg Obidj~ <3 ntb`n ~k` pidtàaj-

^k` ~kt`` bg ~kì xjaf`n lm jmn sk` x`m~ a`g~ jmn k`jn`n gbt k`t gbti tbbi-

L~ xjs m`{~ nbbt ~b ~k` gbti tbbi bg bm` Jdlahjla Ilaa`t! ~k` tlmh a`jn`t bg ~k` dpaal`s-

_k` xjs s~jmnlmh bbsl~` ~k` nbbt xl~k gbpt bg k`t otbml`s jtbpmn k`t! ibs~ x`t` ajphklmh j~

sbi`~klmh bm` bg ~k` kjn sjln- _k` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` gbti tbbi jmn Jdlahjla ojaa`n jg~`t k`t!

‑Hb~ ~kj~ sjia` gbt ps |`~ kpmm|-’ ^k` sm``t lm k`t wblo` xjs t`paslw`6 sk` kjn bma| k`jtn



k`t sm``t js sk` sjln ~klmhs j~ k`t-

Gbti ~li` kj`m`n js l~ jaxj|s nln! ~k`m ~k` dàa gbt glts~ `tlbn x`m~ jmn ~k` oajss hb~

p jmn k`jn`n bp~ bg ~k` nbbt- _k` xjaf`n bp~ jg~`t p~~lmh k`t ejof`~ lm~b ~k` s~tjs bg k`t

tpofsjof- _k` xjaf`n jmn ~kbphk~ sk` k`jtn `ba` xkls`tlmh jhjlm-

_k` xjaf`n lm~b Ijtf Klaa“s _ol`mo` oajss jmn sj~ lm k`t pspja s`j~ gjt `mn bg ~k` gtbm~

abmh n`sf! m`jt`s~ ~k` nbbt- @w`m lm ~k`t` sk` ~kbphk~ sk` k`jtn `ba` xkls`tlmh jmn sk`

obpanm“~ kà dp~ g`à `ba`“s `|`s x`t` bm k`t- _k` fm`x ~bibttbx xjs ~k` jmmlw`tsjt| bg

_ji“s nlsj`jtjmo` jmn xjs g`àlmh nbxm dòjps` bg ~kj~-

Ijtf ojphk~ k`t js sk` xjs a`jwlmh ~k` oajss jmn k` jsf`n! ‑\bp bf! |bp nbm“~ abbf w`t|

kj|-’

‑L“i bf It- Klaa!’ sk` tàl`n js bm` bg Jdlahjla“s htbp psk`n js~ k`t bp~ bg ~k` nbbt-

Ijtf abbf`n jg~`t kli- ‑L“aa a`~ |bp hb! dp~ L xjm~ ~b s`` |bp jg~`t sokbba bm` nj|! jmn nbm“~

xbtt| jdbp~ h`~~lmh kbi`! `l~k`t i` bt Jmhàlzp` xlaa ntlw` |bp-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` sjln jmn xjaf`n bp~- Ijtf Klaa xjs j mlo` ~`jok`t k` ijn` kls a`ssbms gpm

jmn lm~`t`s~lmh-

^k` m`{~ a`ssbm xjs Ij~ks xjs bm` sk` xjs mb~ ~kj~ hbbn j~! kj`m`n- Js nln jaa Ij~ks

a`ssbms- Jg~`t ~kj~ oji` glts~ dt`jf! ~k` tjlm xjs s~laa obilmh nbxm lm ntbw`s xklok ijn`

`w`t|bm` s~j| lm- _k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` aldtjt| jmn gbpmn j n`sf klnn`m jxj|- _k` ~bbf j mbwà

gtbi ~k` skàw`s jmn s~jt~`n ~b t`jn l~- ^k` ~x`m~| ilmp~` dt`jf `mn`n jmn Kls~bt| s~jt~`n!

Jmhàlzp` Klaa“s spdeò~-

^kls alf` jaa ~k` Kls~bt| a`ssbms xjs gpm! dp~ sk` s~laa obpanm“~ h`~ ~k` g`àlmhs bg `ba`

xj~oklmh k`t jmn ~k` xkls`tlmh ~b hb jxj|- _k` d`hjm ~b g`à w`t| nbxm d| ~k` s~jt~ bg apmok

xklok jhjlm kjn ~b d` lmnbbts np` ~b ~k` x`j~k`t- _k` sj~ m`jt ~k` ojm~``m xlmnbxs jmn abbf`n

bp~ bg ~kì bt t`jn ~k` mbwà sk` kjn lof`n p- _k` kjn mb apmok jhjlm! js ~k` ~kt`` |bpmh`t

bm`s m``n`n l~ ibt` ~kjm sk` nln-

^k` ~xb gtbi Obidj~ <3 xjaf`n bw`t ~b xk`t` sk` xjs sl~~lmh jmn ~k` h`m~ jsf`n! ‑Ojm

x` eblm |bp kpm2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n jmn saln ~k` dbbf sk` kjn ~jf`m bp~ bg ~k` aldtjt| lm~b k`t djh-

‑\bp kjn jm| apmok kpm2’ jsf`n ~k` xbijm-

‑Mb! i| ~xb |bpmh`t sls~`ts jmn |bpmh`t dtb~k`t m``n ~k` gbbn ibt` ~kjm L nb!’ sk`

tàl`n-

‑K`t` ~jf` ~kls jmn h`~ |bptsàg j apmok!’ sjln ~k` dabf` jmn k` kjmn`n k`t j glw` nòf

mb~`-

_k` sila`n j~ ~k` jlt jmn a`g~ k`jnlmh gbt ~k` gbbn tpm- _k` t`~ptm j g`x ilmp~`s aj~`t xl~k j hbbn slu`n nlmm`t! dp~ sk` xjs s~laa n`t`ss`n jmn sk` fm`x sk` xjs abbflmh l~-

‑Ok``t p l~ ojm“~ jaa ~kj~ djn ojm l~!’ ~k` gìja` sjln! ‑L“i Hlaa jmn ~kls ls Tbh`t! |bp“w`



??:

tbdjda| hp`ss x` jt` iìd`ts bg Obidj~ <3 _~t``~ Hjmh-’

‑Xkj~“s ~k` ojps` bg ~k` n`t`sslbm jmn pmkjlm`ss2’ jsf`n Tbh`t-

Ji| s~pgg`n gbtf gpaa bg okls lm~b k`t ibp~k- ‑^k` dpaal`s! alg` ijlma|-’

‑Xkb Jdlahjla jmn k`t dpmok bg gtl`mns2’

_k` mbnn`n js sk` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg Bejm eplo`-

‑_k` jmn ~kj~ dpmok xlaa h`~ ~k`t` obi`pjmo` sbbm L ~klmf!’ tàl`n Hlaa-

Jg~`t ~`m ilmp~`s ~k` jlt hb~ p jmn a`g~! xk`m ~k`| nln ~k` g`àlmh bg `ba` xkls`tlmh

j~ k`t t`~ptm`n- ^k` lm~`msl~| ht`x bw`t ~k` t`s~ bg apmok! jmn l~ f`~ htbxlmh ~ktbphk bp~ ~k`

jg~`tmbbm gbti-

^k` glg~k a`ssbm xjs xl~k Its Flaajm~ gbt _lmmj|ljm xjs lm k`t gbti tbbi- ^x`m~|

ilmp~`s lm~b ~k` a`ssbm ~k` g`àlmh bg `ba` xj~oklmh k`t! abbflmh j~ k`t! ~k` ~kbphk~s ~kj~

`ba` x`t` xkls`tlmh jdbp~ k`t hb~ ~bb ipok- _k` sajii`n k`t okjlt djof lm~b Sjpaj“s n`sf

jmn ~kj~ sklg~`n xl~k ~k` gbto` bg ~k` lijo~- J~ ~k` sji` ~li` sk` s`m~ k`t n`sf ga|lmh jmn sk`

tjm gtbi ~k` oajss tbbi ot|lmh k`t `|`s bp~- _k` fm`x xk`t` sk` xjm~`n ~b d`! ~k` bma| `ba`

b~k`t ~kjm k`t nltò~ gjila| sk` fm`x xkb pmn`ts~bbn xkj~ l~ i`jm~ ~b d` nlgg`t`m~! ‛^k` Dl~ok

Wl{`ms“-

_k` tjm gtbi ~k` oajss jmn sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` ijlm nbbt! sk` sajii`n lm~b ~xb `ba`

jmn ~k`| x`t` gbto`n ~b s~` jsln` gtbi ~k` bx`t bg ~k` lijo~- K`t `|`s x`t` daptt| xl~k ~k`

~`jts ~kj~ x`t` s~t`jilmh nbxm k`t gjo`- _k` kl~ ~k` nbbt jmn ~k` gbto` ojps`n db~k ~k` k`jw|nbbts ~b saji jmn djmh w`t| abpna| jhjlms~ ~k` xjaa-

Xl~klm j g`x i`~t`s sk` xjs nt`mok`n ~b ~k` sflm! sk` eps~ nlnm“~ ojt`- _k` xjm~`n ~b g`à

~k` sòptl~| sk` kjn gà~ xk`m Mlds kjn kàn k`t ~k` g`x x``fs d`gbt`- ^k` gtl`mna| sila`s gtbi

Jds! ^lmj jmn _jmntj! jmn ~k` gpm ~li`s sk` kjn xk`m Sjpa xjs jtbpmn- K`t ~tjlm`ts ajmn`n lm

~k` pnna`s jmn sk` eps~ tjm bm! sk` otbss`n ~k` tbjn bp~sln` ~k` sokbba jmn k`jn`n nbxm ~k`

djof tbjns jmn jaa`| xj|s ~bxjtns _bp~k O`m~tja-

%%%%%

_~bbn lm ~k` ijlm nbbt x`t` Ijtf jmn Jmhàlzp` ~k`| xj~ok`n k`t djof js sk` otbss`n

~k` tbjn jmn nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` djof s~t``~s-

Ijt| Flaajm~ xjaf`n p jmn s~bbn d`sln` ~kì jmn sjln! ‑Xkj~ ~k` kàa eps~ kj`m`n2’

‑L ~klmf ~k` dpaa|lmh sk`“s d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi kjs hb~~`m ~bb ipok- ^kj~ jmn ~k` gjo~ ~kj~

gtbi xkj~ x` fmbx ~bibttbx ls ~k` sòbmn jmmlw`tsjt| bg k`t ipi“s nlsj`jtjmo`- L xbmn`t

kbx ijm| ~li`s sk`“s ~kbphk~ jdbp~ flaalmh k`tsàg-’

Jmhàlzp` sjln! ‑^kj~ ls sbi`~klmh L xbmn`t i|sàg kpm- Ijt|-’



Ijt| ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n djof ~b k`t nlstp~`n oajss! skjflmh k`t k`jn-

‑L xbmn`t xk`t` sk` ls hblmh2’

‑Kbi` L hp`ss! x` ojm ntlw` js~ ~bmlhk~ jmn s`` lg sk`“s lm-’

%%%%%

Js Ji| tjm! x`~ jmn sìl oban! ~k` jwì`m~ jmn ~jtijo okjmh`n lm~b ipnn| tbjns jmn

~k`m l~ dòji` k`j~k`t jmn slilajt ajm~ alg`- ^k` X`s~ Tlokibmn Djn Ajmns! js ~k` jt`j xjs

ojaa`n! xjs ps`n d| ~k` aboja hjmhs gbt xjt ubm`s- Wjtlbps htjss`s! la`s bg ~l`n tpddlsk!

dptm~ bp~ ojt jmn wjm xtòfs jabmh b~k`t l~ìs `ba nlnm“~ xjm~ jmn obpanm“~ d` db~k`t`n ~b

tò|oa` al~~`t`n ~k` jt`j- Ji| tjm bm jmn jdbp~ kjag xj| jotbss sk` kjn ~b s~b- _k` obaajs`n

js lijh`s jmn sbpmns `m~`t`n k`t ilmn! ~k` lijh`s jmn sbpmns x`t` mb~ bg ~k` aboja

`mwltbmi`m~- Js spnn`ma| js ~k`| kjn s~jt~`n ~k`| s~b`n! sk` s~j|`n lm ~k` skà~`t bg j dptm~

bp~ wjm xtòf gbt j skbt~ xkla` js sk` ~tl`n ~b ijf` s`ms` bg xkj~ sk` kjn eps~ s``m- ^k` lijh`s

x`t` js t`ja js lg sk` xjs s``lmh ~kì gbt k`t sàg! ~k` sbpmns sbpmn`n js t`ja js xàa- _k` mbx

xjm~`n jmsx`ts ~b ~k` zp`s~lbm bg xkj~ ~k` kàa kj`m`n-

_k` s~bbn p t`gt`sk`n! jmb~k`t zp`s~lbm b`n lm~b k`t ilmn ‛ Kbx obi`2“ _k` kjn tpm

j hbbn ~kt`` ila`s jmn sk` kjn bma| d``m t`s~lmh j g`x ilmp~`s! sk` abbf`n gbt k`t kbm` jmn

t`jalu`n l~ xjs lm k`t djh s~laa j~ sokbba- _k` s~jt~`n ~b sìl xjaf jmn sìl tpm! sk` okòf`n k`t

bof ~s jmn gbpmn k`t dt j~k`t pml~ xl~k k t i`nloj~lbm- _k` xbpan kjw` kjn sbt~s ~kls

jg~`tmbbm jmn sk` jaxj|s m``n`n l~ jg~`txjtns- _k` gà~ js lg sk` nlnm“~ m``n l~ mbx! sbi`~klmh

às` xjs f``lmh k`t i`nloja obmnl~lbm pmn`t obm~tba- _k` t`ss`n bm jmn sbbm a`g~ ~k` djn

ajmns otbsslmh bw`t ~k` pmn`t htbpmn OX:8 sk` xjaf`n jabmh ~k` ijlm tbjns- _k` xjs

d`hlmmlmh ~b g`à j al~~a` alhk~ k`jn`n js ~k` oban gtbi ~k` x`~ oab~k`s d`hjm ~b ggò~ k`t

epnhì`m~- _k` skbbf k`t k`jn ~b oa`jt ~kls lssp` jmn d`hjm ~b tpm jhjlm-

Jdbp~ >0 ilmp~`s aj~`t sk` ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` ilmbt tbjn ~kj~ a`n ~b k`ts jmn ~k` kbi` djs`

bg ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms- ‛ Mlds a`js` d` kbi`! a`js` d` kbi`-“ _k` ~ptm`n bm~b ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn

tjm p ~k` s~`s jmn fmbof`n bm ~k` oabs`n nbbt-

Jds“ wblo` oji` gtbi lmsln`- ‑L~“s b`m-’

_k` b`m`n ~k` nbbt jmn s~bbn pmn`t ~k` bw`tkjmh gtbi ~k` tbbg w`t| x`~ jmn sklw`tlmh!

k`t kjlt j ij~~`n i`ss k`t ~b kjmhlmh nbxm! k`t dtj xjs wlslda` js x`t` ~k` sl{ ~j~~bbs sk`

kjn! ~xb bm `jok jti jmn bm` bm `jok bg k`t dt`js~s-

_jmntj abbf`n p gtbi t`jnlmh sbi`~klmh jmn sjln! ‑H`~ ~kbs` oab~k`s bgg mbx-

Dj~ktbbi! ibw`-’‑L“aa h`~ j kb~ ntlmf ijn`!’ sjln Jds jmn k`jn`n gtbi ~k` dt`jfgjs~ djt ~b xk`t` ~k`

ntlmfs x`t` t`jt`n-



???

‑\`jk! ijf` l~ j Okjl-’

_k` s~``n lm~b ~k` gtbm~ tbbi jmn k`t ~tjlm`ts x`m~ szpàok jmn xj~`t xjs ntllmh

gtbi k`t! sk` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` dj~ktbbi-

_k` xjs gbaabx`n d| _jmntj xkb s~bbn lm ~k` dj~ktbbi nbbtxj| sj|lmh! ‑H`~ ~kbs`

oab~k`s bgg mbx! bt |bp xlaa oj~ok ~k` smlgga`s! |bpmh ajn|-’

‑Bf!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn ~bbf k`t ~b bgg jmn ntb`n l~ lm~b ~k` dj~k- _k` sj~ bm ~k` `nh`

bg ~k` dj~k jmn slia| sal`n k`t ~tjlm`ts jmn sbofs bgg jmn ~k`s` jasb x`m~ lm~b ~k` dj~k- _k`

pmnln ~k` ~tbps`ts jmn sal`n ~kì bgg xl~k k`t jm~s jmn ~kls jlt bg oab~klmh l~ìs jasb eblm`n

~k` ~tjlm`ts jmn ~b lm ~k` dj~k sk` obpan s`` al~~a` s~t`jis bg salhk~a| obabpt`n xj~`t tpm gtbi

~k` oab~k`s-

‑Ls Mlds jtbpmn2’ sk` jsf`n sbpmnlmh kb`gpa ~kj~ sk` xjs-

‑Jmn ~k` dtj kpm!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑Mlds skbpan d` djof aj~`t Sjpa! ^lmj jmn sk` x`m~ bp~ ~b

obmnpo~ sbi` t`s`jtok-’ ^k`m ~k` sbpmns bg ~kt`` ib~btdlf`s x`t` k`jtn ~ptmlmh lm~b ~k`

ntlw`xj|- _jmntj ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n jotbss ~k` obttlnbt-

_k` lof`n p j ~bxà jmn s~jt~`n ~b nt| k`tsàg- _jmntj t`~ptm`n jmn okpof`n j ht``m

~bxàalmh dj~k tbd` ~b k`t- _k` p~ l~ bm jmn s~bbn lm ~k` nbbt xj|! s~laa sklw`tlmh-

‑Obi` k`t` |bp jmn a`~ i` sbt~ |bpt kjlt bp~!’ sjln _jmntj-

_k` otbss`n ~k` obttlnbt k`jnlmh ~b sl~ bm ~k` d`n d`sln` _jmntj! xkb ~bbf ~k` ~bxà jmn

s~jt~`n ~b tpd jmn nt| ~k` x`~ kjlt-‑_~j| k`t` xklas~ L sbt~ bp~ sbi` oab~k`s gbt |bp kpm-’ ^k` wblo` sk` k`jtn xjs bm` ~kj~

ojt`n gbt kbx sk` xjs g`àlmh jmn sk` xjs g`àlmh oban jmn sjg` j~ ~k` sji` ~li`-

Js _jmntj xjs sbt~lmh ~ktbphk ~k` oab~k`s sk` jss`n k`t j dtj jmn j jlt bg jm~l`s- ^k`

m`{~ l~ìs x`t` j jlt bg dajof djhhl`s jmn bm` bg k`t Tbofs~`t ~)sklt~s- Xk`m sk` kjn p~ l~ bm

~k` sa``w`s s~b`n eps~ jdbw` ~k` ~j~~bbs bm k`t jtis-

Mlds xjaf`n lm ~b ~k` tbbi! s~b`n eps~ lmsln` ~k` tbbi jmn abbf`n j~ k`t sl~~lmh bm ~k`

`nh` bg ~k` d`n- ‑Kl abw`- Kl Ji|- Xkj~ nb x` bx` ~k` a`jspt`2’‑Bk mb~klmh!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn sk` fm`x sk` xjs abbflmh w`t| n`t`ss`n-

‑\bpt a|lmh Ji|! |bp skbpan s~laa d` lm sokbba jmn |`~ |bp“t` k`t`! xkj~ kj`m`n

~bnj|2 Dpaa|lmh2’ jsf`n Mlds sbpmnlmh w`t| obmo`tm`n j~ k`t s~j~`-

‑\`jk dpaal`s! mji` ojaalmh! jmn `w`t|~klmh! L kj~` ~kj~ sokbba!’ sk` sjln jmn s~jt~`n ~b

ot|! sk` ajo`n k`t k`jn lm k`t kjmns jmn eps~ otl`n! sk` obpanm“~ kban l~ djof jm| abmh`t! ~`jts

bptlmh nbxm k`t ok``fs- _k` gà~ ~k` ìdtjo` bg sbi`bm` jmn ~k`m t`jalu n ~k` ìdtjo` xjs

~k` sji` js sk` kjn gà~ xkj~ s`ì`n alf` jh`s jhb xk`m sk` kjn i`~ Mlds gbt ~k` glts~ ~li`-

_k` t`s~`n k`t k`jn bm k`t nji a`j~k`t ejof`~ ~`jts s~laa s~t`jilmh gtbi k`t `|`s-

^k` wblo` sk` k`jtn xjs jasb ~k` sji`! ojtlmh! obijsslbmj~`! xjm~lmh ~b kà lm jm|xj|



sk` obpan! ‑A`~ l~ jaa bp~ kpm- \bp kjw` mb m``n ~b kban ~klmhs djof-’

_k` eps~ obpanm“~ kà k`t sàg! ~k` ajs~ ~xb |`jts kl~ k`t gpaa gbto` jmn sk` eps~ otl`n jmn

otl`n jaa ~k` ~li` sk` xjs g`àlmh ~k` sòpt` ìdtjo` bg sbi`bm` xkb pmn`ts~bbn xkj~ l~ i`jm~

~b d` bm ~k` tò`lwlmh `mn bg ~k` dpaal`s-

J al~~a` xkla` aj~`t jg~`t sk` kjn d``m jda` ~b sabx ~k` ~`jts ~b j ~tlofa` nln Mlds jsf! ‑Nb

|bp xjm~ ~b ~àa i` xkj~ kj`m`n ~bnj|2’

‑\`jk L m``n ~b ~jaf ~b sbi`bm` xkb pmn`ts~jmns!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑L~ s~jt~`n ~kls

ibtmlmh L ~kbphk~ j htbp bg hltas s~jt~`n ~b xkls`t ~klmhs jmn L fmbx ~k`| x`t` abbflmh lm i|

nltò~lbm lg mb~ tlhk~ j~ i`- Gtbi xkj~ L k`jtn l~ obmo`tm`n ~k` nlsj`jtjmo` bg _ji! i`! jmn

~k` aboja n`ja`ts-’ _k` obpanm“~ kban l~ djof ~jaflmh jdbp~ k`t _ji eps~ ijn` l~ xbts` jmn ~k`

~`jts eps~ gabbn`n bp~ jhjlm- _k` gà~ Mlds“ jtis ìdtjolmh k`t jhjlm- Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s

jhjlm sk` xjs jda` ~b obm~tba ~k` ot|lmh-

_jmntj“s wblo` oji` gtbi ~k` b~k`t sln` bg k`t jmn jasb sbpmn`n ojtlmh! obigbt~lmh jmn

sbb~klmh! ‑X` jt` lm mb kptt| kpm x` xlaa jaxj|s d` k`t` gbt bpt gtl`mns-’

_k` kjn m`w`t k`jtn ~k` xbtns ‛x` xlaa jaxj|s d` k`t` gbt bpt gtl`mns“ gtbi jm|bm`-

^kbs` xbtns ijn` ~k` gtl`mnskl sk` kjn xl~k ~k`s` `ba` sòlja- ^k`| x`t` Hl~ks jmn

Hjmhtàs6 sk` xjs j fln gtbi j slmha` jt`m~ gjila|-

_k` gà~ alf` Mlds ibw`n k`t ~b _jmntj“s ìdtjo` jmn ~kls ~bb gà~ s~tbmh! xjti jmn

obigbt~lmh-

Mlds t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` d`n jmn sk` eps~ xjl~`n gbt k t ~b d` t jn|-

Jg~`t j al~~a` xkla` Ji| sj~ p bgg _jmntj“s ok`s~ jmn ~bbf ~k` op _jmntj bgg`t`n k`t-

_k` ~bbf j sl gtbi l~-

‑\bp g`àlmh j dl~ d`~~`t mbx kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`s L ji! ~kjmfs! L kjw` m`w`t kjn gtl`mns alf` |bp ab~!’ sk` t`sbmn`n sk` fm`x k`t

gjo` xjs mb abmh`t bm` bg sjnm`ss! dp~ xjs bm` bg d`lmh j ab~ kjl`t-

‑_kjaa x` hb jmn sl~ lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi sb |bp ojm ~àa ps jaa jdbp~ xkj~ kj`m`n ~bnj|2’

sphh`s~`n Mlds-


Mlds s~bbn jmn bgg t`n k`t kjmn ~b k`t a`jnlmh k`t lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi- lmj xjs sj~ bm

~k` sbgj jhjlms~ ~k` xjaa zplofa| wjoj~`n l~ xk`m ~k`| xjaf`n lm- Mlds jmn _jmntj sj~ nbxm jmn

sk` sj~ d`~x``m ~kì-

_k` ~bbf jmb~k`t sl bg Okjl! jmn s~jt~`n ~b ~àa `w`t|bm` jdbp~ k`t nj|! ‑L~ s~jt~`n bm ~k`

sokbba dps ~kls ibtmlmh! j obpa` bg ~k` hltas s~jt~`n xkls`tlmh lm ~k` s`j~s eps~ d`klmn xk`t` L

xjs sl~~lmh! ~k`| x`t` sj|lmh _ji tjm jxj| ojps` bg i` d`lmh j gjlapt` j~ ~k` Tb~btf Jojnì|jmn dòjps` L xjs nj~lmh bm` bg ~k` ntph n`ja`ts! jmn xjs bm` bg kls xkbt`s!’ Ji| ~bbf

jmb~k`t sl bg Okjl jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑^k`m j dl~ aj~`t b~k`t hltas hb~ lm bm ~k` xkls`tlmh jo~ jmn



??0

l~ st`jn ~b sbi` bg ~k` db|s js xàa-’

‑Bf kpm!’ sjln _jmntj pslmh ~k` sji` ~bm` js sk` kjn lm ~k` d`n tbbi! ‑^jf` |bpt ~li`-’

‑^k`| s~jt~`n ~b xkls`t ~klmhs alf`! lg ~k`| n`ja~ ntphs ~k`| xbpan alf` i` js ~k`lt

xkbt`- L~ x`m~ bm jaa nj|- L mbtijaa| sl~ bp~ sln` nptlmh dt`jfs jmn apmok! dp~ xl~k ~k` tjlm L

xjsm“~ jda` ~b- L xjs gbto`n ~b sl~ lm ~k` ojm~``m l~ xjs eps~ kàa jaa L obpan k`jt xjs `ba`

xkls`tlmh jmn abbflmh j~ i`!’ Ji|“s s~jt~`n ~b ot| jhjlm jmn ~bbf sbi` bg ~k` ~bla`~ j`t-

_k` da`x k`t mbs` jmn xl`n ~k` ~`jts gtbi k`t `|`s- ‑L~ hb~ ~bb ipok jmn d| ~k` ilnna` bg ~k`

jg~`tmbbm“s glts~ `tlbn L abs~ l~- L tjm jmn L fmbx L kl~ j obpa` bg ~`jok`ts js L nln- L xjs ot|lmh

sb ipok L eps~ nlnm“~ ojt`6 L m``n ~b d` jxj| gtbi ~kj~ ajo`- L xjm~`n _ji ~b d` bp~sln`! dp~

sk` xjsm“~- L eps~ tjm! i| bma| ~kbphk~ xjs xk`t` nln L g`à ~k` sjg`s~! jmn `jok ~li` L oji` ~b

~k` obmoapslbm xl~k ~k` bma| `ba` ~b pmn`ts~jmn xkj~ l~ ls alf` ~b d` nlgg`t`m~! |bp hp|s!’ sk`

sjln jmn abbf`n j~ `jok bm` lm ~ptm-

_k` sjx `w`t|bm` xjs als~`mlmh lm~`m~a| ~b k`t jmn abbflmh j~ `jok sk` sxbt` sk` obpan

s`` jmh`t dblalmh lm ~k`lt `|`s- _k` nlnm“~ xjm~ ~b hb djof ~b ~k` sokbba dp~ sk` t`jalu`n ~kj~ sk`

xbpan kjw` ~bb js njn xjs lm mb ajo` ~b kbi` ~`jok k`t- ‑L xjs jdbp~ kjag xj| kbi`! otbsslmh

~k` djn ajmns m`jt ~k` gt`` glt` ubm` oabs` ~b ~k` sokbba! xk`m L kjn j s`tl`s bg wlslbms-’ _k`

xl`n jxj| ibt` ~`jts jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑L~ ij| sbpmn js lg L ji hblmh ijn! dp~ L sx`jt L sjx

_ji- L~ xjs js t`ja js |bp jaa jt`-’

Jds sjln! ‑Mb x` xbm“~ ~klmf |bp ijn- Lg |bp xjm~ ~b ~àa ps ~k`m nb sb-’‑L fmbx |bp jmn _ji xk`t` oabs`!’ sjln _jmntj js sk` szp`ù`n k`t kjmn-

‑^kjmfs- _k` xjs tlhk~ ~k`t` lm gtbm~ bg i` jmn abbf`n js lg sk` xjs mb~ w`t| kj| j~ jaa!

gtbi xkj~ L obpan s``! l~ abbf`n js lg sk` xjs d`lmh gbto`n ~b xbtf sbi`xk`t`- ^k` m`{~ wlslbm

L xjs jda` ~b abbf jtbpmn ~k` so`m` jmn sk` xjs js oabs` ~b i` js |bp ab~ jt`! dp~ sk` xjsm“~

jabm`! sk` xjs xbtflmh xl~k b~k`t `ba`! dp~ sk` xjs d`lmh xj~ok`n d| j obpa` bg w`t|

s~tjmh` abbflmh ot`j~pt`s- Bm` abbf`n alf` j ~jaa j` jmn ~k` b~k`t xjs j~ a`js~ `lhk~ gbb~ ~jaa jmn

xjs x`jtlmh xkj~ abbf`n alf` j ajth` spl~ bg jtibpt-‑Xkj~ spttls`n i` xjs j ~jaa ot`j~pt` sl~~lmh bm j tjls` jt`j- L~s ibp~k kjn mb als jmn

xjs gpaa bg njhh`t s~|a` ~``~k- K` xjs x`jtlmh j kài`~ xklok obm~jlm`n j ajth` `|` ~kj~ L sx`jt

dalmf`n jmn ibw`n lm ~k` kban`t- K` xjs kbanlmh j s~jgg xl~k j ajth` ~tjmsjt`m~ obm~jlm`t j~ ~k`

~b! lmsln` ~k` obm~jlm`t xjs j ajth` xbti alf` ot`j~pt` xklok ibw`n js lg l~ xjs jalw`-’

_k` abbf`n nbxm jmn sjx j sijaa jmlija sj~ j~ k`t g``~ abbflmh p j~ k`t- _k` obpanm“~

kà k`tsàg dp~ sk` kjn ~b d`mn nbxm jmn lof ~k` jmlija p- ^k` g`àlmh bg eps~ kjwlmh jm

jmlija sj~ lm k`t aj xjs lmot`nlda`! l~ xjs palg~lmh! sbi`~klmh sk` kjn m`w`t gà~ d`gbt`-

‑Xkb“s ~kls2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` s~jt~`n ~b s~tbf` kli-

‑^kj~ al~~a` gpt djaa ls Njtjps! x` gbpmn kli nptlmh j ~tl ~b Njtaj“s Gbt`s~ t`~t`j~!’



tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Xkj~ ls k`2’ sk` obm~lmp`n-

‑X`“t` mb~ spt`!’ jmsx`t`n Mlds- ‑X`“w` d``m ~ban d| sbi`bm` fmbxa`nh`jda` sk`

~klmfs k` ij| d` jm Jmhà xbag-’

_k` fm`x ~kj~ xk`m sk` abbf`n nbxm j~ Njtjps sk` abbf`n sbttbxgpa- _k` obpanm“~ kà

k`tsàg dp~ sk` eps~ gà~ alf` s~tbflmh Njtjps! xklok ijn` Njtjps w`t| kj| jmn smphha`n

nbxm lm~b Ji|“s aj-

Js sk` s~tbf`n Njtjps sk` k`jtn j sbg~ obigbt~lmh wblo` sj|lmh ~b k`t! ‑_a`` sbttbxgpa

bm`! a`~ i` skbx |bp |bpt sbttbx jmn abw`! a`~ i` ~jf` |bp ~b j ajo` xk`t` |bp ojm d` bmo`

jhjlm xl~k |bpt ipi-’

Js kjtn js sk` ~tl`n sk` obpanm“~ f`` k`t `|`s b`m jmn sk` ntlg~`n bgg lm~b j `jo`gpa

nt`ji glaa`n sa``-

%%%%%

Ji| t`jalu`n sk` xjs mb abmh`t sj~ lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi xl~k k`t gtl`mns! sk` xjs s~bbn bm

j ajth` b`m `{jms`- Xjaflmh ~bxjtns k`t xjs j glhpt` obw`t`n lm xkl~`t ~kjm xkl~` kjlt- Gtbi

kls djof oji` ~xb ajth` w`t| glmà| kjlt`n xlmhs! kls gjo`! d`jp~lgpa jmn soëm`-

K` s~b`n j skbt~ nls~jmo` jxj| jmn sjln lm ~k` sji` sbg~ obigbt~lmh wblo` js sk` kjn

k`jtn xk`m sk` kjn ntlg~`n bgg ~b sa``! ‑Ji| L obi` ~b |bp ~kls nj| js j hpln`! gbt L ji

Njtjps jmn L xlaa hpln` |bp pbm j ebptm`| ~kj~ skbpan skbx |bp ~kj~ |bp jt` mb~ jmn xlaa

m`w`t d` jabm`- Gbt ~k` `ba` sj~ lm ~k` tbbi xl~k |bp jt` ~k`t` ~b kà |bp! jmn ~kj~ lmoapn`s

i`-’ _pnn`ma| ~k` glhpt` nlsj`jt`n jmn s~jmnlmh j~ Ji|“s sln` xjs j ajth` xkl~` nbh s~|a`

ot`j~pt`! xkb sjln lm ~k` sji` wblo` js ~k` glhpt`! ‑Ebptm`| mbx xl~k i`! ~kbphk |bpt g`jts-

^kls ebptm`| xlaa ojps` |bp jlm jmn k`jt~ jok`! dp~ ~k`s` L ~klmf jt` mò`ssjt| ~b jaabx |bp ~b

dòbi` xkj~ L fmbx |bp jt`! ~b hjlm ~k` s~t`mh~k ~kj~ L fmbx |bp m` n- Tììd t ~kls! |bp

ojm mb~ `ggò~ xkj~ kjs kj`m`n! |bp ojm bma| `ggò~ xkj~ xlaa obi`-’

J gbh j`jt`n jmn spttbpmn`n db~k k`t jmn Njtjps- L~ nlsj`jt`n js spnn`ma| js l~

oji` jmn t`w`ja`n j so`m` bg _ji sl~~lmh lm k`t bgglo` lm Tb~btf ^bx`t lm _ptjdjm- _ji abbf`n

kj| js gtbi ~k` oabof bm ~k` xjaa l~ xjs jtbjoklmh ~k` `mn bg ~k` xbtflmh nj| jmn sk`

xbpan sbbm d` bm k`t xj| kbi` ~b Nphhl` jmn ~k` t`s~ bg k`t gjila|- D``! d`` x`m~ ~k` klhk

~òk kbm` bm k`t n`sf! _ji a`m~ bw`t jmn t`ss`n ~k` lm~`tobi dp~~bm! j wblo` sjln! ‑Xbpan

|bp obi` lm~b i| bgglo` a`js` _ji- L kjw` sbi` ~klmh gbt |bp ~b nb-’

‑Mb tbdaì dbss!’ sk` t`sbmn`n! hb~ p jmn xjaf`n lm~b k`t dbss“s bgglo` wlj ~k`lm~`tobmmò~lmh nbbt- _j~ lm ~kt`` okjlts lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ajth` n`sf xk`t` ~xb kpijms jmn j

ot`j~pt` ~kj~ abbf`n alf` ~k` bm` sk` kjn s``m `jtal`t ~kj~ nj|! nptlmh ~k` wlslbms! ~k`| jaa ~ptm`n



??8

~b gjo` _ji js sk` `m~`t`n-

‑Xbpan |bp a`js` oabs` ~k` nbbt i| n`jt!’ sjln j wblo` gtbi j njtf`m`n obtm`t ~b ~k`

tlhk~ bg ~k` nbbt xk`t` _ji s~bbn lm obia`~` skbof abbflmh j~ ~k` j` ot`j~pt`- ^k` nbbt

d`klmn k`t oabs`n bm l~s bxm- ‑Nbm“~ d` jgtjln ~k`s` jt` ~kt`` obaa`h`s bg ilm`!’ ~k` wblo` sjln

js ~k` alhk~s xk`t` ~ptm`n p jmn _ji obpan s`` xkj~ ~k` wblo` xjs ìl~~lmh gtbi-

Ji| t`jalu`n ~kj~ l~ xjs ~k` ot`j~pt` sk` kjn s``m sj~ bm ~k` tjls`n aj~gbti- _k` x`m~ ~b

sj|! dp~ s~b`n k`tsàg lm ojs` l~ t`w`ja`n ~kì-

‑_j| xkj~ |bp xjm~ Ji|! tììd`t xkj~ L sjln `jtal`t |bp ojm mb~ `ggò~ xkj~ kjs

kj`m`n jmn ~kls kjs jat`jn| kj`m`n- ^xb |`jts jhb ~bnj|-’

_k` sila`n jmn sjln! ‑L sjx ~kj~!’ jmn blm~`n j~ ~k` ot`j~pt` xklok s~bbn! ‑`jtal`t ~kls

jg~`tmbbm-’

‑L fmbx |bp nln- ^kj~“s ~k` t`jsbm xk| L dtbphk~ |bp k`t`- _b l~ ij| t`w`ja l~ sàg ~b

|bp-’

^k` ot`j~pt` sjln js j skbof`n _ji s~jt`n j~ l~! ‑L ji Klhk Abtn Fjtjuujfflj! Klhk Abtn

~b i| Ijs~`t Abtn ^||~kjpl|ggp~k ~k` bxm`t jmn okl`g `{ò bg Tb~btf jmn sbbm Tb~btf

^k`jdjm! jmn w`t| sbbm ~k` St`sln`m~ bg Mjdjm-’

‑Xkj~ jt` |bp2 Xkj~ nb |bp xjm~ xl~k i`2’ sjln _ji jg~`t t`hjlmlmh k`t obibspt`-

‑Xkj~ L ji! L ji j klhk abtn! jm `{~`mslbm bg ~k` _aphbt~k lm~àalh`mo` ~kj~ bxms Tb~btf-

Xkj~ nb L xjm~ xl~k |bp2 L xjm~ |bp ~b d` i| obmopdlm` i| n`jt- \bp kjw` s`tw`n i| kpijmgtbm~!’ jmn xl~k ~kj~ k`"l~ okjmh`n ~b ~k` kpijm _ji xbtf`n gbt jmn ~k`m djof jhjlm! ‑w`t|

xàa bw`t ~k` |`jts- L mbx xjm~ ~b ijf` spt` ~kj~ |bp jt` sjg` gtbi ~k` wlba`m~ s~t``~s ~kj~ ij|

~jf` |bpt alg` j~ j ibi`m~s mb~lo`-’

‑M`w`t! L xlaa m`w`t d` |bpt obmopdlm`-’ _ji ~ptm`n jmn ~tl`n ~b b`m ~k` nbbt xklok

xjs ejii`n oabs`n-

‑\bp xlaa obi` tbpmn lm ~li` i| n`jt!’ jmn ~k` ot`j~pt` sbf` j s`tl`s bg xbtns ~kj~

Ji| nln mb~ pmn`ts~jmn- Xk`m l~ kjn glmlsk`n _ji gàa pmobmsolbps- L~ xjaf`n bw`t ~b xk`t`_ji aj|! alg~`n k`t k`jn jmn ajo`n j sijaa dajof djaa bdeò~ jhjlms~ ~k` djof bg k`t mòf- Ji|

sjx a`hs tb~tpn` gtbi ~k` djaa jmn lms`t~ ~kìsàw`s lm~b _ji“s mòf- ‑^jf` k`t ~b i| jlt

~tjmsbt~ i| sajw`s- L skjaa d` ~tjwàalmh ~b ~k` S|tjiln ~kls `w`mlmh-’

‑\`s ijs~`t!’ ~k` ~xb kpijms t`sbmn`n- ^k`| db~k hb~ p! lof`n _ji p jmn ojttl`n

k`t bp~ bg jm pms``m nbbt-

^k` j` alf` ot`j~pt` tìjlm`n sl~~lmh jmn sbf`! ‑Dbss xk| nln |bp xjm~ i` k`t`2’

‑L xjm~`n ~b jsf |bp! xk`m xbpan ~k` _`t`m~ jtibpt tbnpo~lbm gjolal~| d` t`jn| ~b s~jt~

tbnpo~lbm2’

^k` so`m` gjn`n js ~k` gbh ht`x djof! ~k` ajs~ ~klmh Ji| k`jtn xjs ~k` j` ot`j~pt`



sj|lmh! ‑J ibm~k `tkjs ~xb-’ ^k` gbh nlsslj~`n jmn db~k Ji| jmn Njtjps s~bbn jhjlm bm

~k` b`m `{jms`-

_k` jsf`n! ‑Njtjps xkj~ xk`t` ~kbs`!’ jmn jg~`t ~klmflmh gbt j dl~! ‑ot`j~pt`s-’

‑^k` ot`j~pt` xkb p~ |bp ‛ipi“ ~b sa`` ls j xlaalmh jaa| bg jm jal`m lm~àalh`mo` ~kj~

kjs ~b g``n bgg jm `m`th| glàn ojaa`n Ijmj! jaa alwlmh ~klmhs tbnpo` l~ mj~ptjaa| jmn ~kls ajm`~

kjs j mj~ptjaa| klhk jibpm~- ^k` ~xb kpijms x`t` ~j~~bb i`m! xjttlbt sajw`s bg ~k` _aphbt~k

Jal`m Lm~àalh`mo`s- ^k` j` ot`j~pt` xjs j Fl~~jml! a`~“s eps~ sj| ibs~ bg ~kì jt` js `wla js ~k`

_aphbt~k jmn kjw` d``m jaal`s bg ~kì gbt oabs` ~b >3!333 |`jts- Bmxjtns ~b bpt m`{~ s~b

Ji|-’

^k` gbh d`hjm ~b tls` jmn jg~`t xkj~ s`ì`n alf` j obpa` bg ilmp~`s l~ nlsslj~`n jmn

~k`| xk`t` s~bbn lm j dlt~klmh tbbi bg j i`nloja gjolal~|- Aj|lmh bm ~k` dlt~klmh d`n xjs _ji

jmn s~bbn j~ k`t sln` xjs Nphhl`! ~k` gìja` nbo~bt jss`n _ji j m`xa| dbtm djd| jmn sk`

jsf`n! ‑Kjw` |bp nòln`n bm j mji` gbt |bpt m`x njphk~`t2’

Nphhl` abbf`n lm~b _ji“s `|`s jmn jmsx`t`n! ‑X` kjw`- _k` ls ~b d` mji`n Ji|

Nìl~tl`-’

Ji| s~bbn s~pmm`n jmn ~k`m sjln! ‑^kj~“s i| mji`-’

‑L fmbx- _ji ls |bpt dlt~k ib~k`t*’ sjln Njtjps- ‑^kls ls sbi`~klmh ~kj~ |bp m``n ~b jsf

Nphhl` jdbp~-’ ^k` gbh tbs` jhjlm jmn js d`gbt` xk`m l~ nlsslj~`n ~k`| x`t` jhjlm bm ~k`

`{jms`-

Ji| x`m~ ~b sl~ nbxm jmn sj~ bm j tbof ~kj~ spnn`ma| j`jt`n- ‑K`| xk`t` nln ~kj~

obi` gtbi2’

‑\bpt ~kbphk~s jmn nt`jis Ji|- ^kls ls |bpt nt`ji ajlm- L ji js L sjln xk`m |bp gàa

jsa`` |bpt hpln` bm ~kls ebptm`|- K`t` |bpt nt`jis jt` t`ja jmn |bp ojm d` xl~k |bpt

iìbtl`s bg _ji jmn ~k` abw` |bp ~xb kjn-

‑Xkj~ L fmbx! gtbi xkj~ L s`ms` jmn kjw` d``m jda` ~b n`~ò~! |bp jt` j kpijm

ijmlg`s~j~lbm bg j Okjlmh)Fp ntjhbm- ^k` eblmlmh ~kj~ ot`j~`n |bp ls mb~ bsslda` xl~k j

kpijm- L~ a`jns i` ~b dàl`w` ~kj~ |bpt ipi kjs xkj~ ls ojaa`n ~k` Obl`t ip~j~lbm! xkj~`w`t

ot`j~pt` |bpt ipi ij~`s xl~k j kpijm w`tslbm bg l~ xlaa d` dbtm- L nb fmbx ~kj~ ~k` ip~j~lbm ls

lmot`nlda| tjt`! dp~ lg L ji tlhk~ ~k`m |bpt ipi ij| d` ~k` sjwlbpt bg ~k` tjo`- \bp m``n ~b jsf

|bpt gj~k`t jdbp~ xkj~ j Okjlmh)Fp ls jmn ojm nb! dp~ L nb jnwls` nblmh l~ lm tlwj~`! jxj|

gtbi `jts ~kj~ ojm k`jt-’

_k` mbnn`n jht`ì`m~ ~b xkj~ Njtjps kjn sjln-

‑L jasb tbwln` |bp xl~k ~kls jnwlo`! Mlds ^lmj! Jds! _jmntj jmn jaa ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Wl{`ms

joo`~ |bp js |bp! js ~k`| joo`~ jaa ~klmhs- ^k` h`m`tja bpajo` xbpan mb~6 ~k`| g`jt ~k`pmfmbxm jmn nlgg`t`m~- Ps` |bpt hlg~s ~b tb~ò~! kà jmn m`w`t ps` l~ ~b kpt~ jmn n`s~tb| gbt

~kbs` dtlmh tplm jmn jlm- ^k` Wl{`ms jmn j g`x b~k`ts fmbx ~kls! ~k`| pmn`ts~jmn ~kls jmn kln`



??<

~k` sflaas jmn ~k` jdlal~l`s ~k`| kjw`- ^jaf ~b ~kì6 a`jtm gtbi ~kì! gbaabx ~k`lt ~`joklmhs jmn

|bp xlaa mb~ hb gjt xtbmh-

‑\bp jt` jsa``! xjf` xk`m |bp xjm~ ~b! dp~ d`gbt` L a`jw` |bp L xlaa skbx |bp _ji- L

ji pmjda` ~b ~tjwà ~k`t` js l~ ls tb~ò~`n d| bx`tgpa tpmlo lmsotl~lbms-’

J gbh oabpn j`jt`n jmn lm l~ Ji| sjx _ji xbtflmh js j sajw` ~b ~k` Klhk Abtn! xkb

alf` `jtal`t xjs sj~ bm ~k` tjls`n `n`s~ja mbx s~tbflmh ~k` k`jn bg j ajth` jmlija alf` ot`j~pt`!

l~ xjs obabpt`n ht``m jmn xjs obw`t`n lm xkj~ abbf`n alf` soja`s- _~bbn ~b bm` sln` bg ~k` njls

x`t` ~xb i`m slilajt ~b ~k` ~xb Ji| kjn s``m `jtal`t lm ~k` bgglo`! ~k`| abbf`n alf` ~k`| x`t`

hpjtnlmh j ajth` nbbt-

‑D`gbt` |bp hb Njtjps! xk| nb`sm“~ _ji glhk~2’

‑_k` ls! dp~ lm k`t bxm xj| sk` fmbxs sk` ls pmjda` ~b glhk~ ~kì k|slojaa| j~ ~kls ~li`!

sb sk` ls glhk~lmh ~kì d| skbxlmh |bp sk` ls jalw` jmn d| a`jtmlmh! d| xj~oklmh ~kbs` xkb

f`` k`t jmn b~k`ts tlsbm`ts-’

^k` oabpn gjn`n jmn sk` xjs jabm`! Njtjps kjn jasb nlsj`jt`n gtbi ~k` ajlm-

_k` sj~ jmn ~kbphk~ jdbp~ xkj~ Njtjps kjn ~ban k`t! skbxm k`t! ~k` g`àlmhs sk` gà~

jtbpmn k`t gtl`mns- Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` sk` xbf` p jmn gbpmn sk` xjs sa``lmh bm ~k` sbgj lm

~k` kbi` bg k`t gtl`mns `{jo~a| xk`t` sk` kjn d``m xk`m sk` gàa jsa``- Njtjps xjs s~laa jsa``

bm k`t aj! Mlds xjs s~bbn lm gtbm~ bg ~k` obbf`t s~lttlmh j sjpo`jm- _jmntj xjs sj~ m`{~ ~b k`t

abbflmh j~ j ~jda`~ obip~`t- Jds jmn ^lmj x`t` xj~oklmh bm` bg ~k` M`xs Okjmmàs jmn Sjpaxjs sj~ j~ ~k` obip~`t jhjlm t`jnlmh sbi`~klmh- _k` s~t`~ok`n! |jxm`n jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` oabof

aboj~`n bm ~k` tbeò~bt sot``m! l~ t`jn 385?>JM

‑Gòf kjw` L d``m jsa`` ~kj~ abmh2’

‑\`s |bp kjw`- L xbpanm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ Nphhl` xbtt|lmh- L b`n bw`t `jtal`t jmn ~ban

kli |bp xk`t` k`t`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Bk! |bp jt` jasb lmwl~`n ~b i| :;~k dlt~knj| jt~| ~bibttbx `w`mlmh!’ sjln Mlds! ‑^k`

glw` bg ps nlsopss`n ~k` lssp` xklas~ |bp x`t` jsa`` jmn x` xlaa wlsl~ |bpt sokbba ~bibttbxapmok ~li` jmn kjw` j okj~ xl~k ~kbs` xkb ~klmf l~s gpm ~b dpaa|-’

‑^kjmfs! |bp ab~ jt` ht`j~!’ sk` sjln g`àlmh j ab~ kjl`t- _k` kb`n mbx ~k` n`t`sslbm

sk` kjn d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi xbpan d`hlm ~b alg~-

‑Mb tbdaì Ji|! x` jaa spgg`t`n gtbi l~ dp~ np` ~b kjwlmh ~k` gtl`mns x` nln x` x`t`

jda` ~b n`ja xl~k l~!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑L ~klmf L kjn d`~~`t h`~ hblmh kbi`!’ sk` sjln-

‑Mb |bp“t` mb~ hblmh jm|xk`t`!’ sjln Mlds- ‑Xàa mb~ pm~la jg~`t nlmm`t |bpt mb~-’



Okj~`t 47

^ktbphkbp~ Ji|“s `{ajmj~lbm Mlds“ jmh`t xjs dblalmh eps~ dàbx ~k` sptgjo`! mb~ bma|

gbt ~k` dpaal`s! xkb xbpan d` gjolmh ~k` tà| gls~ ~bibttbx! dp~ jasb ~k` n`ja`ts bm ~k` obtm`t-

_k` fm`x ~k`| m``n`n n`jalmh xl~k jmn ~k`|! ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms! kjn ~k` glt` bx`t ~b nb l~- ^b

k`t ilmn ibs~ `ba` xkb abbf`n nbxm ~k` djttà bg jm IJ4>3 bt 473 nln `{jo~a| xkj~ |bp

~ban ~kì ~b nb! xl~k bp~ ipok jthpi`m~-

Js Ji| glmlsk`n! sk` obpan s`` Ji| sabxa| ntblmh bgg ~b sa``! s~tbflmh Njtjps-

Xk`m sk` kjn gjaa`m jsa``! sk` zpl`~a| sjln! ‑X` n`ja xl~k ~k` n`ja`ts ~bmlhk~-’

‑L jht``!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa- ‑L~ xbpan d` d`s~ ~b nb l~ jg~`t ~k` spm kjs hbm` jmn mlhk~ kjs

gjaa`m tb`ta|! js ~k` alhk~s bm ~k` obtm`t jmn p ~k` s~t``~ nbm“~ xbtf j~ jaa jmn L ~klmf x` jt`

d`s~ lg l~“s mlhk~-’

‑\`jk `sòljaa| js L xbpan sj| x` ps` dajof alhk~ jmn ~k` x`jbmjt| x` dtbphk~ djof

gtbi Njtaj“s ajo`!’ sphh`s~`n Jds! ‑jmn ~bibttbx L ~klmf l~“s jdbp~ ~li` ~k` dpaal`s x`t` p~

bm mb~lo` ~kj~ x` nbm“~ alf` ~kì jmn xlaa d` j|lmh ~kì wlsl~s-’

_jmntj hb~ p jmn sjln js sk` k`jn`n gbt ~k` obttlnbt! ‑^k` aboja obiipml~| tàj| bm

~k`m gbt sijaa jibpm~s bg ojsk-’

‑^klmf ~kbphk kpm! l~“s ~k` j|i`m~s djof ~kj~ kpt~ ~k` `ba`- L d`~ ibs~ xbpan d`

kj| xk`m ~k`| jt` hbm`!’ Mlds sjlnSjpa s~bbn p k`jnlmh gbt ~k` obip~`t jmn sxl~ok`n ~k` ibml~bt bm- K` saln lm ~k` glts~

bg ~k` ~xb iìbt| ojtns jmn s~jt~`n ~b pabjn ~k` lo~pt`s ~k`| kjn ~jf`m lm ~k` tjlm-

_k` s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` fl~ok`m sb sk` obpan s~jt~ ~b t`jt` bm` bg ~k` skbpan`ts

gtbi bm` bg ~k` njf`m ~k`| kjn flaa`n-

J obpa` bg kbpts aj~`t Ji| xbf` p jmn sjln ‑Gòf kjw` L d``m jsa`` ~kj~ abmh2’

‑\`s |bp kjw`- L xbpanm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ Nphhl` xbtt|lmh- L b`n bw`t `jtal`t jmn ~ban

kli |bp xk`t` k`t`!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑Bk! |bp jt` jasb lmwl~`n ~b i| :;~k dlt~knj| jt~| ~bibttbx `w`mlmh!’ sk` sjln- ‑^k`

glw` bg ps nlsopss`n ~k` lssp` xklas~ |bp x`t` jsa`` jmn x` xlaa wlsl~ |bpt sokbba ~bibttbx

apmok ~li` jmn kjw` j okj~ xl~k ~kbs` xkb ~klmf l~s gpm ~b dpaa|-’

‑^kjmfs! |bp ab~ jt` ht`j~!’ sk` sjln g`àlmh j ab~ kjl`t- _k` kb`n mbx ~k` n`t`sslbm

sk` kjn d``m spgg`tlmh gtbi xbpan d`hlm ~b alg~-

‑Mb tbdaì Ji|! x` jaa spgg`t`n gtbi l~ dp~ np` ~b kjwlmh ~k` gtl`mns x` nln x` x`t`

jda` ~b n`ja xl~k l~!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑L ~klmf L kjn d`~~`t h`~ hblmh kbi`!’ sjln Ji|-

‑Mb |bp“t` mb~ hblmh jm|xk`t`!’ sk` sjln- ‑Xàa mb~ pm~la jg~`t nlmm`t |bpt mb~-’



?>:

Jg~`t nlmm`t xjs glmlsk`n jmn oa`jt`n jxj|- _k` sjln! ‑Xkb“s obilmh xl~k i` gbt j

xjaf-’ Njtjps s~t`~ok`n jmn jnn`n bw`t ~b ~k` nbbt- ‑^kbphk~ |bp xbpan-’

‑Ls l~ b`m ~b jm|bm`2’ jsf`n Ji|-

‑\`jk!’ sk` jmsx`t`n-

‑I` ~k`m!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-

_k` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n ~b k`t tbbi ~b t`~tl`w` k`t nji ejof`~ jmn skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh!

sk` jasb htjdd`n j epi`t gtbi ~k` db~~bi ntjx bg ~k` ok`s~ bg ntjxs- Xk`m sk` t`~ptm`n sk`

jss`n ~k` epi`t ~b Ji| xkb kjn t`~tl`w`n k`t x`~ skb`s gtbi ~k` dj~ktbbi- _k` sj~ bm ~k`

djof bg ~k` sbgj jmn p~ k`t g``~ lm ~kì jmn szpàok`n ~bxjtns ~k` nbbt-

Jds jsf`n xk`m Ji| kjn szpàok`n j obpa` bg s~`s! ‑Xkj~ slu` g``~ jt` |bp Ji|2’

‑_lu` 8! xk|2’

‑Xjl~ k`t` jmn h`~ ~kbs` ~tjlm`ts bgg!’ tàl`n Jds jmn sk` nlsj`jt`n jmn jg~`t jdbp~ j

ilmp~` t`~ptm`n xl~k j jlt bg dbb~s! ‑K`t` ~k`s` jt` mbx |bpts Ji|-’

‑^kjmf |bp Jds!’ sjln Ji| silalmh jmn sk` flss`n Jds bm ~k` ok``f-

Ji| jmn k`t gbaabx`n Njtjps nbxm ~k` s~`s jmn p ~k` ntlw` xj|- ^k`| ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn

xjaf`n lm sla`mo` ~bxjtns ~k` aboja jtf! Njtjps jnn`n j~ k`t k`à-

_k` obpan s`` Ji| xjs n`` lm ~kbphk~ ~ktbphk ~b ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` jtf xk`t` sk` jsf`n!

‑Mlds ojm L jsf |bp gbt sbi` jnwlo`2’

‑\`jk mb tbdaì-’‑Xàa l~s mb~ `{jo~a| jnwlo` L xjm~ ~b fmbx xkj~ |bp ~klmf L skbpan nb-’


Ji| ~ban k`t xkj~ sk` kjn nt`ji~-

Xk`m Ji| kjn glmlsk`n sk` abbf`n j~ Njtjps aj|lmh xl~k j obpa` bg b~k`t nbhs sj|lmh

jg~`t ~klmflmh jdbp~ l~! ‑I| jnwlo` ~b |bp! ojps` L hp`ss |bp xjm~ ~b glmn _ji! ls ~b gbaabx |bpt

k`jt~- ^bibttbx ~jaf ~b `w`t|bm` às` lm ~k` Wl{`ms- ^k` ajm ls ~b hb gbt j i`ja glts~! ~k`m bm~b

Oapd Ilaajmj ~b xj~ok Tlokjtn O! j hbbn gtl`mn bg i| ban sàg jmn jasb j hbbn gtl`mn bg ilm`!lm bm` bg j g`x s~t``~ glhk~s jmn jasb ~b `meb| hbbn ipslo jmn obijm|-’

Xk`m ~k` ~kt`` glmlsk`n ~k` xjaf! Njtjps jmn k`t xjaf`n Ji| ~b k`t gtbm~ nbbt jmn sk`

sjln! ‑Nbm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ |bpt tbdaìs xl~k ~k` dpaal`s-’

‑L nb jmn L nbm“~!’ sjln Ji|- ‑_`` |bp ~bibttbx Mlds-’

‑\`jk s`` |bp ~bibttbx-’ _k` ~ptm`n jmn xjmn`t`n djof ~b Kbi` Djs`- _k` s~bbn j~ ~k`

obtm`t bg Kbi` Djs` jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` kbps` bm ~k` obtm`t- _k` obpan s`` sl{ `ba` lmsln` js

sbi` bg ~kì sobt`n jmn b~k`ts sj~ sibflmh bt nblmh xkj~ `w`t ~k`| nln ~b h`~ klhk- _k` ~k`m

~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` kbps`- Lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi _jmntj! Sjpa! jmn Jds xk`t` jaa

abjnlmh ijhjulm`s xl~k dpaa`~s- _k` skp~ ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn x`m~ ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt lm~b ~k`



obttlnbt! b`m`n ~k` ~tj nbbt lm~b ~k` oàajt jmn ntb`n ~ktbphk l~- _k` obaaò~`n k`t IJ4>3

jssjpa~ tlga` gtbi l~s kln` pmn`t k`t dlf` s`j~! sk` xjs eblm`n d| ^lmj xkb nlsj`jt`n lm ~b ~k`

K|ntbbmlos jt`j jmn saln glw` obia`~` s`~s bg jtibpt lm~b ~k` ijlm abjnlmh dj| jt`j-

_k` x`m~ djof ~b ~k` ~tj nbbt kba` jmn s~bbn pmn`t l~- _k` htjdd`n ~k` ajnn`t gtbi l~“s

tpm jmn soja`n l~ ~b ~k` obttlnbt- ^lmj ~k`m oabs`n ~k` ajnn`t jmn jss`n p ~k` ojs`s obm~jlmlmh

~k` jtibpt! sk` jasb jss`n p ~k` sbi` `{~tj glt`bx`t jmn j db{ bg ;ii jiipml~lbm jmn j

db{ bg :3ii JS@[ ijhjulm`s-

_k` ~k`m psk`n ~k` ojs`s lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi jmn xk`m ~k` ajs~ ojs` xjs ibw`n ^lmj

jasb htjdd`n ~k` s~`s nbxm jmn ~k`m sab~~`n ~kì jxj| xk`m sk` xjs lm ~k` obttlnbt-

Sjpa sjln xk`m ~k` jlt kjn t`~ptm`n! ‑Bf xkj~(s ~k` ajm ~k`m2’

‑_lia`!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑Nb xkj~ x` nb d`s~! sojt` ~kì lm~b a`jwlmh ~k` jt`j-’

‑^kj~ ij| d` `jsl`t sjln ~k`m nbm`!’ sjln ^lmj js sk` ntb`n ~k` ijhjulm` bg ~k` Ubmja

Glt`jtis N[)4 jssjpa~ skb~hpm lm ~b l~“s kbi` jmn okòf`n ~k` jiipml~lbm s~j~ps-

‑L nbpd~ l~- Kjwlmh ~kls a`wà bg glt`bx`t skbw`n lm~b |bpt gjo` h`m`tjaa| sojt`s ibs~

`ba !’ sjln _jmntj- ‑@sòljaa| lg x` hlw` ~kì j sijaa nìbms~tj~lbm! lg ~k`| t`zplt` bm`-’

‑Xklok xlaa d` i`! L ~klmf!’ sjln Jds js sk` b`tj~`n ~k` jo~lbm bm k`t @okb 48- Eps~ ~k`m

~k` htbp k`jtn jm `{abslbm lm ~k` nls~jmo`-

‑L~ abbfs alf` ~k` aboja gt`` glt` ls jt~|lmh ~kls `w`mlmh!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑Jnn lm~b l~ ~k`| jt` jaa klhk bm sbi`~klmh jmn ~k`| jt` n`jalmh xl~k ps!’ sk` t`sbmn`n

jmn d`hjm ~b pmnt`ss- _k` b`m`n ~k` ojs` ~kj~ obm~jlm`n k`t Dajof Alhk~ Jtibpt- _k` sj~ bm

~k` sbgj jmn p~ k`t a`hs lm~b ~k` a`hs bg ~k` sòbmn sflm- _k` s~bbn paalmh ~k` ~b kjag bm bw`t

k`t k`jn jmn ~pof`n lm ~k` djof! sk` ~k`m tìbw`n ~k` o`tjilo aj~`s ~kj~“s ijn` p ~k`

tb~ò~lbm aj| t jmn saln `w`t|bm` lm~b ~k`lt bof`~ ijflmh spt` jok xjs sòpt` jmn ~k`

mjmb~òkmbabh| xjs xbtflmh d`gbt` ibwlmh bm~b ~k` m`{~ bm`- Jg~`t ~k` jtibpt xjs obia`~`n

sk` lof`n p k`t s`~ bg obidj~ x`ddlmh jmn p~ l~ bm- _k` ijn` spt` ~k` gtbm~ jmn sln`

bpok`s xk t` sòpt`- Lm~b ~k` a`g~ sln` bpok sk` ajo`n k`t obiipmloj~lbms db{ jmn ~k`

~jo~loja obip~`t gtbi ~k` ojs`- _k` ijn` spt` ~k` ojda`s xk`t` aphh`n lm jmn jasb ijn` spt`

~kj~ ~k` aphs j~ ~k` mòf `mn xk`t` gt``- _k` ~k`m ~bbf k`t ls~ba jmn saln ~kj~ lm~b l~s kbas~`t bm

k`t a`g~ kjmn sln` jmn ~k`m htjdd`n k`t kài`~ jmn IJ4>3 jmn sjln! ‑L“aa i``~ |bp bp~ sln` ~k`

djof nbbt-’

_k` ~k`m xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` djof nbbt! xk`t` sk` sapmh k`t tlga`! b`m`n ~k` gjo` aj~`

bg ~k` kài`~ jmn ajo`n l~ bm k`t k`jn- _k` abof`n l~ lm~b ajo` bm ~k` jtibpt- _k` ~k`m

obmmò~`n ~k` dpmna` bg nj~j ojda`s ~b ~k` bt~ bm ~k` djof bg ~k` kài`~ jmn oabs`n ~k` gjo`

aj~`6 ~kls jo~lwj~`n ~k` ~ okmbabh| jmn dtbphk~ p ~k` nlsaj|- _k` b`tj~`n ~k` sxl~ok ~kj~jaabx`n k`t `|` ibwì`m~ ~b sklg~ sot``ms jtbpmn bm ~k` lmsln` bg ~k` dajof`m`n wlsbt- Jg~`t

`w`t|~klmh xjs s`~ sk` sxl~ok`n bgg ~k` obttlnbt alhk~ jmn b`m`n ~k` djof nbbt-



?>?

_k` s~``n bp~ lm~b ~k` mlhk~- ^k` g`x s~t``~ alhk~s ~kj~ nln jo~pjaa| xbtf xk`t` bm dp~

galof`tlmh ~t|lmh ~b s~j| al~ jmn ~k`| x`t` j al~~a` nls~jmo` jxj|! ~k` bm`s bm ~k` obtm`t jmn p

~k` s~t``~ nlnm“~ xbtf j~ jaa- Js sk` ibw`n p ~b ~k` obtm`t Njtjps jnn`n d`sln` k`t k`à-

‑_btt| Njtjps- ^kls ~li` |bp ojm“~ eblm ps! js |bp jt` fmbxm ~b d` bpt `~ jmn x` m``n ~b d`

jmbm|ibps ~bmlhk~-’

Njtjps abbf`n p j~ k`t jmn s`ì`n ~b sila`! k` ~k`m t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` kbps`! js lg k` fm`x

xkj~ sk` kjn sjln jmn jht``n xl~k l~-

_k` fmà~ j~ ~k` obtm`t bg m`{~ nbbt jmn sxl~ok`n ~b ~k`tib abbflmh j~ ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k`

kbps`- ^k` ~k`tib wlslbm s|s~ì lof`n p xkj~ sk` kjn s``m `jtal`t sl{ k`j~ j~~`tms- Sjpa

sbbm eblm`n k`t abbflmh ~k` gtbm~ bg ~k` n`ja`t“s kbps`-

Sjpa jsf`n! ‑Xk`t`“s Njtjps2’

‑L s`m~ kli lmsln`- K`“s ~bb xàa fmbxm js d`lmh bpts gbt ~kls b`tj~lbm-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa-

_k` sjx ~xb ibt` `ba` jtbjok ~k` gtbm~ nbbt6 ~k`| s~b`n! fmbof`n jmn xjl~`n- J

obpa` bg sòbmns aj~`t ~k` nbbt b`m`n jmn ~k`| xk`t` jaabx`n `m~t|- ‑^kj~ ijf`s `lhk~

lmsln`-’

‑Obmglti`n! ^k`tib skbxs `lhk~ dbnl`s!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑L“i ibwlmh ~b obw`t ~k` t`jt bg ~k` ~jth`~ kbps`!’ sk` sjln lm~b ~k` lmdpla~ ilotbkbm`-

‑Obmglti`n!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa jmn ibw`n ~b obw`t k`t ibwì`m~ jotbss ~k` s~t``~-_k` otbss`n ~k` s~t``~ k`jnlmh gbt ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` bg Nphhl`“s gtbm~ ~kj~ kjn mb g`mo`-

Xk`m l~ nln s~jt~ sk` sabx`n jmn abbf`n jtbpmn pslmh ~k` klhk gt`zp`mo| lmgtj t`n s|s~ì- ^k`

spttbpmnlmh jt`j xjs zpl`~ bg `ba` jmn sbpmns! l~ xjs ::5?3JM- ^k` jaa`|xj| nbxm d`sln`

~k` ~jth`~ kbps` abbf`n alf` ~k` aboja npilmh htbpmn gbt ajth` jmn sijaa l~ìs bg kbps`kban

tpddlsk- _k` ibw`n sabxa| ~ktbphk l~ xj~oklmh! pslmh db~k Lmgtj)t`n jmn mbtija wlslbm gbt

~klmhs ~kj~ xbpan ijf` j sbpmn jmn ja`t~ ~k` `ba` lmsln` ~b ~k` gjo~ sk` xjs ibwlmh ~bxjtns

~k` djof bg ~k` kbps`- Eps~ js sk` jtbjok`n ~k` djof tlhk~ obtm`t bg ~k` kbps`! j nbh gtbibw`t ~k` t`jt g`mo` s~jt~`n ~b djtf jmn jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` hb~ skbp~`n j~! ‑_kp~! p |bp s~pln

ip~~-’ ^k` nbh zpl`~`m`n nbxm- Gtbi k`t bsl~lbm sk` obpan s`` ~k` djof bg ~k` kbps` jmn ~k`

djofs bg ~k` kbps s ~kj~ gtbm~`n ~k` ijlm tbjn! lm sbi` x`t` j g`x ojmna s dptmlmh! ibt` ~kjm

alfà| ~k`| lmnloj~`n xk`t` `ba` x`t` szpj~~lmh- ^k` djof bg ~k` ~jth`~ kbps` kjn j ajth` djof

w`tjmnj! xklok kjn j dj~~`t`n ban sxlmh abw`t“s okjlt bm jmn w`t| al~~a` às`- _k` ~k`m sxl~ok`n

bw`t ~b ~k`tib jmn jg~`t okòflmh ~k` m`jt wlolml~| gbt pms``m ~k`tija lijh`s sxl~ok`n djof ~b

lmgtj)t`n-

Sjpa sxl~ok`n bw`t ~b ~k` bsl~lbm abof s|s~ì6 ~k` ~jo~loja obip~`ts x`t` `zpl`n



xl~k- K` sjx j dal kjn s~b`n ibwlmh j al~~a` nls~jmo`! k` jsspi`n l~ xjs Mlds jmn xjs bm ~k`

gjt sln` bg ~k` s~t``~ jmn xjs jdbp~ ~b m`hb~lj~` ~k` npilmh htbpmn ~kj~ xjs ~k` sln` bg ~k`

~jth`~ kbps`- W`t| sbbm k` sjx ~kt`` ibt` dals jo~lwj~` jmn ibw` ~bxjtns kls bsl~lbm jg~`t j

obpa` bg ilmp~`s-

K` k`jtn ~k` djof nbbt d`lmh oabs`n zpl`~a| jmn xjs eblm`n d| Jds! ^lmj jmn _jmntj-

_jmntj jsf`n Sjpa! ‑Ls ~k` dal bm ~k` gjt sln` Mlds2’

‑L~ ls!’ k` t`sbmn`n-

‑L“i ibwlmh lm spbt~!’ _jmntj sjln- Js sk` otbss`n ~k` s~t``~ sk` gbaabx`n Mlds lm

pslmh Nphhl`s ajmn d`gbt` ibwlmh bm ~b ~k` n`ja`ts ajo`- Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s sk` kjn

m`hb~lj~`n ~k` tpddlsk s~`xm sln` jaa`| xj|-

‑Xkb“s ~kls2’ jsf`n Mlds zpl`~a|-

‑L~“s i` kpm!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Bf-’

‑^`ji jakj ~kls ls Sjpa jt` |bp tò`lwlmh2’ oji` bp~ bg ~k` lm~`tmja s`jf`ts-

‑Obmglti`n! x` jt` tò`lwlmh!’ t`sbmn`n Mlds-

‑Obmglti`n!’ sk` jasb t`sbmn`n-

‑Jds ls ibwlmh ~b j d`~~`t wjm~jh` blm~ wlj ~k` ajnn`t j~ ~k` djof bg Kbi` Djs` ~b obw`t

~k` jssjpa~- L jmn ^lmj jt` ibwlmh ~b bsl~lbms lm gtbm~ bg ~k` ~jth`~-’

‑Obmglti`n! ^`ji Dtjwb! Okjtal`- _lhmja xk`m lm bsl~lbm!’ sjln Mlds! ‑Hb bm i|

slhmja-’

‑Obmglti`n!’ Sjpa sjln- ‑Ibwlmh ~b jssjpa~ bsl~lbms xk`m Jds ls lm bsl~lbm-’

‑Jds k`t`! L ojm s`` ~k` kbps`! L kjw` `lhk~ ~k`tija lijh`s gtbi lmsln` jmn j obpa` bg

xkj~ abbf alf` k`j~`ts xbtflmh-’

Jg~`t tò`lwlmh Jds“ obmgltij~lbm bg k`t d`lmh lm bsl~lbm ^lmj jmn k` ibw`n jotbss ~k`

s~t``~ jmn ~bbf p jssjpa~ bsl~lbms bm `l~k`t sln` bg ~k` s~`s a`jnlmh ~b ~k` gtbm~ nbbt- ^k` sln`

m`jt`s~ ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kjmfgpaa| kjn j obpa` bg ojts xklok kln` ^lmj gtbi ~k` bm` ijlm tbjn

s~t``~ alhk~ ~kj~ xjs xbtflmh- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` gtbm~ |jtn xjs slilajt ~b ~k` t`jt jt`j! l~ kjn ab~s bg

kbps` kban tpddlsk jmn b~k`t ~klmhs! alf` tps~| `mhlm`s jmn b~k`t jssbt~`n ojt jmn dlf` jt~s-

Jabmh xl~k j g`x tpddlsk djhs npi`n lm ~k` hjtn`m-

‑^`ji Okjtal` ~b ^`ji Dtjwb! L kjw` ~xb dbnl`s ibwlmh ~bxjtns |bp-’

‑Obmglti`n!’ k` sjln jg~`t okòflmh ~k`tija wlslbm gbt klisàg-

‑Sk|sloja ~jf` nbxm2’ jsf`n ^lmj-K` mbnn`n js ~k` nbbt b`m`n jmn bm` bg ~k` ~xb sjln! ‑^kjmfs ijm! x`“aa d` djof lm j

obpa` bg kbpts xl~k ~k` s~pgg-’ ^k` ~xb bg ~kì xjaf`n bp~ jmn oabs`n ~k` gtbm~ nbbt xl~k j



?>0

djmh- k`| ~k`m s~jt~`n nbxm ~k` ~kt`` s~`s ~kj~ a`n bgg ~k` gtbm~ w`tjmnj ~b ~k` ntlw`xj|- Js

~k`| xjaf`n p ~k` j~k jmn jss`n ^lmj jmn kls klnlmh ajo`s! db~k bg ~kì ibw`n jmn jal`n

~lhk~ sa```t kbans ~b db~k bg ~k` ~jth`~s! ~k`| jasb tìbw`n ~k` ~jth`~“s w`t~loja djs`s xl~k j

hbbn dbb~ ~b ~k` djof bg ~k` fm``s- Xk`m ~k`| x`t` bm ~k` htbpmn l~ ~bbf jdbp~ ~klt~| sòbmns

gbt ~kì db~k ~b s~b ibwlmh-

‑N`ja~ xl~k!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑Ibwlmh ~b ~k` nbbt-’

‑Obmglti`n ^`ji Dtjwb! slhmja xk`m t`jn|!’ Mlds sjln-

Jg~`t ~`m sòbmns! Sjpa slhmjaa`n! wlj ~k` slhmja d``- Jg~`t j glmja ~k`tija okòf bg ~k`

lm~`tlbt ~b obmglti ~k` aboj~lbms bg ~k` boopjm~s! jmn sk` sjln! ‑Ibw`-’

^k` t`jt nbbt jaibs~ oji` bgg l~s klmh`s js _jmntj dbb~`n ~k` nbbt b`m-

_k` a`n ojtt|lmh k`t IJ4>3 lm ~k` jssjpa~ bsl~lbm! sk` fmbof`n ~k` hp| sj~ lm ~k` okjlt

m`jt`s~ ~k` djof nbbt ~b ~k` gabbt d`gbt` k` obpan t`jok gbt kls sln`jti jmn dàabx`n bw`t ~k`

lmdpla~ kài`~ s`jf`t! ‑Jm|bm` ibw`s jmn x` xlaa flaa |bp-’

Sjpa jmn ^lmj `m~`t`n! wlj ~k` sji` i`~kbn! ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn ^lmj dtbphk~ ~k` s~bof bg

k`t N[)4 jssjpa~ skb~hpm tbpmn jmn ojphk~ bm` hp| lm ~k` sln` bg ~k` k`jn js k` xjs hblmh gbt

~k` jssjpa~ x`jbms d| ~k` nbbt- Sjpa zplofa| tìbw`n jm| okjmo` bg ~kì h`~~lmh joo`ss ~b

~kì d| loflmh ~kì p jmn salnlmh ~kì nbxm ~k` gtbm~ w`tjmnj! ~k`| db~k gàa bgg ~k` `mn lm

~b ~k` jaa`| xj|-‑X` kjw` tlhk~s!’ sjln ~k` hp| xkb xjs gjo` nbxm! jg~`t sk` kjn fmbof`n kli ~b ~k`

gabbt-

‑\bp xbpan kjw` lg x` hjw` j skl~ jmn lg x` x`t` obs! js x` jt` mb~ jmn x` nbm“~ hlw` j

skl~- \bp kjw`m“~ hb~ mb tlhk~s!’ sjln _jmntj! _jmntj“s wblo` alf` k`ts nls~bt~`n d| ~k` sbg~xjt`

lm ~k` ~jo~loja obip~`t-

‑\bp jaa kjw` pm~la ibtmlmh ~b wjoj~` ~kls tìls`s jmn jt`j- Lg x` s`` jm| bg |bp xl~klm

glw` ila`s bg ~kls jnnt`ss! x` xlaa dpt| |bp 7g~ pmn`t!’ sk` sjln lm j w`t| s~ì wblo`- ‑Jmn lg |bp ~klmf x` x`t` flnnlmh xk`m L sj| ~kj~! ^`ji Okjtal`- Glt`-’

^k` otjof bg j k`jw| tbpmn xjs k`jtn gtbi bp~sln` jmn ~kì j ajth` kba` xjs ot`j~`n lm

~k` sln` xjaa jmn gabbt- ^k`m j sijaa `{abslbm xjs k`jtn gtbi ~k` jt`j pmn`t ~k` kbps` js ~k` -

00oja JS@[ tbpmn `{abn`n-!

‑@{~tjo~! @{~tjo~!’ sk` sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì- ‑Jmn tììd`t x` s`` |bp!

x` dpt| |bp-’ Db~k ~`jis `{~tjo~`n gtbi ~k` dplanlmh! _jmntj jmn k`t a`jwlmh ~ktbphk ~k` djof

nbbt jmn Sjpa jmn ^lmj a`g~ ~ktbphk ~k` gtbm~- Jaa gbpt nlsj`jt`n lm~b ~k` mlhk~-

Js ~k` jlt hb~ lm~b ~k` hjtn`m ~k`| db~k x`m~ gjo` nbxm lm ~k` njtfm`ss ot`j~`n d| ~k`

w`tjmnjs skjnbx gtbi ~k` alhk~s lmsln`-



J g`x sòbmns aj~`t bm` bg ~k` hp|s gtbi lmsln` s~bbn bm ~k` w`tjmnj xk`t` ~k` s~`s

eblm`n! sk` obpan s`` k` xjs abbflmh bp~ bw`t ~k` hjtn`m- M`w`t bmo` abbflmh nbxm! jmn `w`m lg

k` nln! sk` ~kbphk~! ‛lg |bp kjn abbf`n nbxm! ~k` mlhk~ ojibpgajh` jmn ~k` dajof alhk~ jtibpt

xbpan kln` i` gtbi |bpt hju`-“ K` xjs ojtt|lmh jm I44! xklok gtbi xkj~ sk` obpan s`` ~k`

sjg`~| xjs bm jmn l~ nlnm“~ abbf lm hbbn t`jlt-

_k` k`jtn kli sj| ‑^k`| gòflmh xàa nlsj`jt`n-’

_k` ~k`m k`jtn jmb~k`t wblo` obilmh gtbi lmsln`! ‑\bp ips~ d` flnnlmh! ~k`| xk`t` k`t`

~`m sòbmns jhb-’

‑L fmbx! dp~ ~k`|“w` ~b~jaa| nlsj`jt`n!’ sjln ~k` hp| s~jmnlmh bm ~k` w`tjmnj jmn k`

~k`m x`m~ djof lmsln`-

_k` ibw`n ~b ~k` g`mo` ~kj~ ijtf`n Nphhl`“s tb`t~| gtbi ~k` n`ja`ts! _jmntj eblm`n

k`t jmn pslmh ~k` ~t`` kjag xj| nbxm ~k` g`mo` ~k`| soja`n ~k` g`mo` jmn ntb`n lm~b Nphhl`“s

hjtn`m- Js sk` xjs hblmh bw`t ~k` g`mo` k`t k`jtlmh lof`n p j obmw`tsj~lbm gtbi lmsln` ~k`

~jth`~ kbps`! ‑L“i a`jwlmh ~bibttbx `jta|! ~k` glt` bx`t ~k`| xk`t` ojtt|lmh xjs mb~ ~k` pspja

glt`bx`t gbt ~k` aboja hjmhs! ~kbs` hpms xk`t` gjt ibt` jnwjmo`n- L ~klmf ~k` xj| ~k`|

kjmna`n ~kìsàw`s ~k`| jt` zpl~` alfà| ~b d` _~t``~ Hkbs~s! jmn L“i sbtt| L“i mb~ `mnlmh p

sl{ gbb~ pmn`t ojps` |bp ~klmf ~k`| xbm“~ ojtt| bp~ ~k`lt ~kt`j~!’ jmn jg~`t k`jtlmh ~k` t`sbms`

gtbi ~k` hp| sk` kjn sijof`n sk` sila`n! ‑\`jk |bp ij| d` tlhk~! L kjw` mb tbdaìs lm

kjmnalmh ~k` aboja hjmhs dp~ mb~ _~t``~ Hkbs~s ~k`| jt` tp~ka`ss jmn ibs~ xlaa f`` ~k`lt

tbils s-’

%%%%%

Js ~k` jlt ibw`n ~ktbphk ~k` t`jt hjtn`m bg Nphhl`“s kbps`! sk` xjs b`tj~lmh bm lmgtj)

t`n sjx sbi`bm` s~jmnlmh lm j t`jt xlmnbx! sk` sjx ~k` `tsbm xjs Ji|- Ji| abbf`n alf` sk`

xjs silalmh j~ ~kì js ~k`| db~k ibw`n ~ktbphk ~k` hjtn`m- Jg~`t jhjlm zpl`~a| s~`lmh bw`t

~k` abx g`molmh ~kj~ ijtf`n Nphhl`“s gtbi ~k` Gb{{`s“ ajo`! ~k`| ibw`n jss`n ~k` sln` bg

~k` kbps` otbsslmh ~k` tbjn jmn ~k`| k`jn`n gbt ~k` djof |jtn bg Kbi` Djs`-

%%%%%

Xk`m Mlds jmn Njtjps kjn ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n jotbss ~k` s~t``~ Ji| b`m`n ~k` nbbt

silalmh- K`t njn xjs sj~ lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi aj|lmh xl~k D`j~tlo`! xklas~ Kìij xjs nblmh

sbi` xbtf- Dlaa sk` ~kbphk~ xjs tbdjda| p s~jlts t`jnlmh bt n`slhmlmh sbi`~klmh- _k` fm`xk` kjn j t`ja ~ja`m~ gbt n`slhmlmh jnw`t~s! bs~`ts jmn sk` ~kbphk~ xl~k j al~~a` `mobptjhì`m~ k`

obpan dòbi` t`~~| hbbn j~ jnw`t~lslmh jmn n`slhmlmh ojijlhms-



?>8

‑Njn! L xbpan alf` ~b ~jaf ~b |bp lm tlwj~` a`js`!’ sk` sjln-

‑Ls mbx hbbn `mbphk!’ tàl`n Nphhl`-

‑L~ obpan ~jf` sbi` ~li`-’

‑Bf-’ Nphhl` abbf`n j~ ~k` oabof bm ~k` ijm~a` lò` jmn sjln ~b Kìij jmn D`j~tlo`!

‑D`n |bp ~bb6 l~“s j hbbn ~klt~| ilmp~`s jg~`t |bpt d`n ~li` D`j~tlo`- L~“s t`~~| oabs` ~b |bpts

js xàa |bpmh ajn|-’ K` xjs abbflmh j~ Kìij js k` sjln ~kj~-

_k` xjaf`n nbxm ~k` obttlnbt lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m ~b ijf` k`t sàg j ntlmf-

‑K`jn lm~b i| n`m Ji|! L“aa i``~ |bp nbxm ~k`t`!’ ojaa`n Nphhl` gtbi ojtt|lmh D`j~tlo`

p s~jlts-

‑Ls Dlaa lm Njn2’

‑Mb! k` x`m~ bp~ j obpa` bg kbpts jhb jmn L kjw` mb ln`j xk`m k`“s hblmh ~b d` djof-

L“i xbtflmh gtbi 0 ~bibttbx-’

‑Bf njn!’ sk` tàl`n jmn s``lmh j gt`sk ajth` ojt~bbm bg ila| lm ~k` gtlnh` sk` bpt`n

k`tsàg j hajss jmn xjaf`n djof nbxm ~k` obttlnbt ~b ~k` nbbt ~b k`t njn“s tlwj~` n`m- ^k` bma|

ajo` lm ~k` kbps` xk t` ~k` flns“ nlnm“~ hb `w`t! bma| kli jmn _ji kjn s`m~ ~li` nbxm ~k`t -

_k` b`m`n ~k` nbbt jmn xjaf`n nbxm ~k` kjmn ijn` s~jlts ~b j ajmnlmh- J sijaa slhm j~ `|`

k`lhk~ t`jn! ‛Sa`js` tìbw` |bpt skb`s d`gbt` tbo``nlmh-“ _k` nln jmn xjaf`n nbxm ~k` glmja

s~`s lm~b j hbbn :3i`~t` szpjt` tbbi- ^k` gabbt xjs obw`t`n lm opsklbms lm ~k` ilnna` xjs j

n`t`sslbm jhjlm l~ xjs gpaa bg opsklbms- Almlmh ~k` xjaas x`t` lo~pt`s bg Nphhl` jmn _ji lmijm| xbmntbps ajo`s jtbpmn Njttj Wbm- J g`x kjn _ji jmn j ajth` ht``m‧ntjhbm lm! k`t

`|`s b`m`n salhk~a| xk`m sk` sjx l~-

‑\`s Ji|! ~k` ntjhbm |bp s`` ls i`-’ K`t njn“s xjti wblo` sjln js k` oji` nbxm ~k`

s~jlts- K` ~bbf bgg kls skb`s jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` o`m~t` jmn oa`jm`n bp~ ~k` opsklbms gtbi ~k`

n`t`sslbm- _k` sjx l~ xjs j oltopajt s`j~lmh jttjmhì`m~ xl~k j ~jda` ijn` gtbi sbaln tbof-

‑Obi` jmn sl~! i| njphk~`t! gbt ~bmlhk~ |bp a`jtm ~k` ~tp~k bg i` jmn _ji-’

_k` xjaf`n ~b ~k` ilnna`! sj~ nbxm jmn opnna`n p ~b k`t njn-

Nphhl` abbf`n nbxm j~ kls njphk~`t Ji| jmn ojs~ jm J`tlja Kà`t sàa- K` s`m~ l~ bgg ~b

h`~ kli j ntlmf bg xj~`t jmn ~b dtlmh ~k` jof`~ bg dlsopl~s js xàa- K` s~jt~`n! ‑4? |`jts jhb L

i`~ _ji |bpt ib~k`t xk`m sk` xjs xbtflmh js j a`hja sòpj~jt| lm ~k` A`hja n`jt~i`m~ bg

Tb~btf Tpepmlwj- L xjs xbtflmh j~ ~k` ~li` js nàlw`t| hp|! jmn t`hpajta| ~bbf ajth`

obmslhmi`m~s ~b ~k` n`jt~i`m~ dplanlmh tbwlslbmja ~bxm bg Hl~`t~jtm! x` hb~ okj~~lmh jmn

gtl`mna|! ~k`m bm` nj| _ji mb~ d`lmh `{jo~a| ~k` t`s`tw`n ~|`! jsfs i` bm j nj~`! L hb jmn x`

abw` `jok b~k`t-’

Nphhl` gà~ Ji| ibw` js sk` ~bbf j sl gtbi k`t hajss- Ji| abbf`n bw`t js ~k` ~tj| xl~k



~k` hajss jmn jof`~ bg dlsopl~s bm gabj~`n nbxm ~k` s~jlts- K` sjx k`t `|`s b`m lm jijuì`m~

j~ l~- Ji| ~k`m ~ptm`n ~b abbf j~ k`t njn jmn jsf`n! ‑Jt` |bp nblmh ~kj~2’

‑\`s jmn mb- Xk`m |bp smphha`n lm~b i` L ojs~ ~k` J`tlja Kà`t sàa jmn s`m~ ~kj~ ~b

h`~ i| ntlmf jmn ~k` dlsopl~s- Lm j dl~ L xlaa `{ajlm xkj~ db~k i` jmn _ji fmbx |bp! Dlaa!

Kìij! D`j~tlo` jmn Njil`m jt`-’

‑X`“t` kpijm Okjlmh)fp! njn! L ~klmf tj~k`t ~kjm |bp ~àalmh i` |bpt s~bt| L ~klmf L“aa

~àa |bp xkj~ L nt`ji~ jmn sjx `jtal`t ~bnj|- L fmbx sbi` ~klmhs ~kj~ |bp nbm“~ jdbp~ ipi jmn

xkj~ sk` ls nblmh j~ ~k` ibi`m~-’

^kls ~li` ls xjs kls ~ptm ~b d` spttls`n- ‑Kbx2’ xjs kls bma| zp`s~lbm js Ji| paa`n

jxj| salhk~a|-

‑Kbx nb L fmbx ~kj~ njn!’ tàl`n Ji| jmn sk` ~k`m `{ajlm`n xkj~ kjn kj`m`n ~kj~

nj| obmo`tmlmh ~k` nt`ji jmn wlslbms-

^ktbphkbp~ Ji|“s ~àalmh k` sj~ ~k`t` als~`mlmh lm~`m~a| ~b xkj~ sk` xjs sj|lmh- Xk`m

sk` kjn glmlsk`n k` sj~ ~klmflmh- ‑Obi` k`t` |bp! L m`w`t t`jalu`n ~kj~ mb~ ~àalmh |bp _ji xjs

|bpt ipi kjn kpt~ ~kj~ ipok-’ K` ~bbf k`t lm~b ~k` xjti sòptl~| bg kls jtis-

‑^kj~ nb`sm“~ xbtt| i` njn! L fmbx mbx! xkj~ xbttl`s i` ls ~k` sl~pj~lbm sk` ls lm mbx-

L“i hblmh ~b hb jmn nb i| d`s~ js L ~t| jmn t`sop` k`t- L ~klmf ~k` Wl{`ms gtbi jotbss ~k` s~t``~

jt` hblmh ~b kà-’

‑L ~klmf L skbpan ~k`m ~àa |bp xkj~ L ojm nb js l~ ls w`t| alfà| ~kj~ |bp xlaa d` jda` ~b nb

~kì js xàa-’

‑Sa`js` njn! db| ls Ilaa`t hblmh ~b d` lm gbt j skbof ~bibttbx-’

K` abbf`n j~ k`t jmn sila`n- ‑^k` ~j~~bbs jt` ijhloja ~j bm` jmn obmo`m~tj~` bm l~-’ _k`

~j`n ~k` skbt~ Fjtjof dajn` xtj`n lm gaji`s- Lm k`t kjmns j`jt`n ~k` dajn` jmn l~ kjn

gaji`s obilmh gtbi l~- ‑Mbx obmo`m~tj~`n bm l~ nlsj`jtlmh-’

L~ nlsj`jt`n! ‑Njn xkj~ nb ~k`| jaa nb! |bp kjw` ab~s ibt` ~kjm L nb! xk|2’

‑Xk|! j~ ~k` ~li` xk`m x` nòln`n ~b ~j~~bb jaa bpt oklant`m! x` nòln`n ~b s~b l~ j~ sl{-

Js Okjlmh)fp x` ojm kjw` ab~s- Kpijms ojm“~ lg |bp hb jdbw` sl{ ~k` ijhlo lmwbaw`n lm ~k`

ot`j~lbm n`s~tb|s jm| jdlal~| ~b obm~tba ijhlof jmn okjmh`s |bp lm~b j sp`tmj~ptja! jmn ~b ~kbs`

lm ~k` fmbx xkb sjx |bp jmn ~k` ~j~~bbs ~k`| xbpan ~klmf |bp j lm~`tnli`mslbmja ~tjwàa`t bt

jm J~~ajm! j iìd`t bg j tjo` xkb ~j~~bb ~kì sàw`s xl~k ~k`s` ~j~~bbs! x` ~jphk~ ~kì kbx ~b

nb l~- Xkj~ `jok nb`s! ~k` spl~ bg jtibpt ot`j~`s j ijhlofja sklàn ~kj~ spttbpmns jmn tb~ò~s

|bp gtbi ~k` jnwjmo`n x`jbmjt| ~k` ~tp` `mì| ps`- ^k` Dltn ~j~~bb! ot`j~`s j dltn ~kj~ xlaa

xjtm |bp lg `ba` h`~ ~b oabs` jmn xlaa j~~jof ~kì lg |bp ~àa l~ ~b- ^k` bm` bm |bpt xtls~

jaabxs |bp t`jn jmn pmn`ts~jmn jaa ajmhpjh`s `{o`~ Ijhlofja tpm`s jmn xtl~lmhs- ^k` bm` bm~k` bbsl~` xtls~ tbwln`s |bp xl~k tb~ò~lbm gtbi d`lmh obm~tbaa`n jmn ~ptm`n lm~b j

wjilt`- ^kj~ bm`-’ K` blm~`n ~b ~k` bm` bm k`t tlhk~ p`t jti! ‑Hlw`s |bp ~k` bx`t ~b



?><

skbb~ dba~s bg glt` gtbi |bp glmh`t ~ls! |bp jasb dòbi` liipm` ~b jaa glt` jmn slilajt-’

Ji| sj~ ~k`t` jmn sjln! ‑Njn! Is- Ilaa`t kjn j s~tjmh` abbflmh ~j~~bb bm k`t abx`t jti!’

jmn sk` blm~`n ~b ~k` aboj~lbm bm k`t abx`t a`g~ jti- ‑L~“s j xbag“s k`jn jmn xk`m L abbf j~ l~!

l~s `|`s habx xl~k j xkl~` jptj-’

K` abbf`n j~ Ji| lm skbof- ‑^kj~ sbpmns alf` Ilss Ilaa`t kjs j ijhlofja ~j~~bb-’

‑L ~klmf sk` kjs ibt` ~kjm eps~ bm`! ajs~ spii`t sk` oji` ~b sokbba bm j g`x boojslbms lm

eps~ j dlflml jmn otb ~b jmn L sjx j~ a`js~ lhk~ jotbss k`t dbn| jmn jtis-’

‑@lhk~*’ k` zpl`~a| `{oajli`n- ‑^kj~ ijf`s k`t j ~j~~bb`n xjttlbt-’

‑\`s jmn xkj~ ~k` kàa ls j klhk abtn jmn _aphbt~k lm~àalh`mo`2’ jsf`n Ji|

‑Xkj~ j Klhk abtn jmn _aphbt~k lm~àalh`mo` jt`! jt` sbi` bg ~k` xbts~ mlhk~ijt`s |bp

ojm lijhlm`- Bpt abwà| mlo` xbtan ls eps~ j w`m``t obw`tlmh xkj~ ls j w`t| mjs~| jmn njmh`tbps

ajo`! ~k` _aphbt~k jt` j tjo` bg ot`j~pt`s ~kj~ alw` gbt ~kbpsjmns pbm ~kbpsjmns bg | jts ibs~

obm~tba ijsslw` ìlt`s ~kj~ sjm nli`mslbms- ^k`| obm~tba ~k` ìlt`s ~ktbphk ~k` Klhk abtns

jmn lm ~k`s` ajo`s `ba` alf` i`! |bp! ~k` hp|s gtbi jotbss ~k` s~t``~ xbpan d` sajw`s jmn

slilajt ~b ~kbs` xkb spbt~ ~k` tpa`ts! l~“s xkj~ ls kj`mlmh mbx lm ajo`s jtbpmn Mjdjm jmn

w`t| alfà| jotbss ~k` xbtan-’

Ji| |jtm`n jmn k` sjln! ‑P ~b d`n |bp- \bp pmn`ts~jmn ~kj~ xkj~ L kjw` ~ban |bp ojm

mb~ d` ~ban ~b jm|bm` b~k`t ~kjm ~kbs` |bp ~tpa| ~tps~! jmn mb~ ~b Dlaa! js k` ls alfà| ~b hb m`{~

nbbt jmn nb sbi`~klmh s~pln-’‑L fmbx njn- L eps~ xlsk Dlaa obpan s`` ~kj~ k` obpan d` t`jaa| hbbn j~ n`slhmlmh jnw`t~s

jmn ntjxlmh-’

‑_b nb L!’ k` sjln js k` gbaabx`n k`t p ~k` s~jlts htjddlmh ~k` skb`s jmn Ji|“s m`x

dbb~s- ‑Xkbs dbb~s2’

‑Ilm`! ~k`| x`t` j t`s`m~ gtbi Jds-’

‑Bk L jaibs~ gbthb~ Ijtf jmn Jmhàlzp` Klaa ojaa`n js~ ~bnj| jsflmh jg~`t |bp! ~k`| sjln

xbpan |bp hb jmn s`` ~kì ~bibttbx glts~ `tlbn! ~k`|“w` bthjmlu`n l~ sb |bp ojm- L ~klmf ~k`|jt` obmo`tm`n jdbp~ |bp-’

Ji| ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` fl~ok`m ~b xjsk k`t hajss p jmn sjln! ‑L fmbx ~k`| nb! ~k`| jt`

~k` bma| ~xb ~`jok`ts ~kj~ nb-’

‑^k`| jasb kjw` |bpt djh jmn ejof`~-’

Ji| abbf`n bp~ bg ~k` xlmnbx bw`t ~k` slmf jmn sk` sjx ~xb `ba` ntb gtbi ~k` ~t``

bm ~k` n`ja`ts djof hjtn`m lm~b ~k`lt hjtn`m- ^k`| otbss`n ~k` hjtn`m jmn s~``n bw`t ~k` abx

g`mo` d`~x``m ~kì jmn ~k` Gb{{`s“ hjtn`m- _k` ~ptm`n silalmh j~ xkj~ sk` fm`x ~k` hp|s kjn

nbm`- _k` xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` fl~ok`m jmn sxl~ok`n ~k` alhk~ bgg jmn jhjlm js sk` a`g~ ~k` obttlnbt-



_k` x`m~ ps~jlts jmn js sk` nln sk` sjln! ‑Mlhk~ njn-’

Nphhl` abbf`n p gtbi pmgbanlmh kls d`n jmn sjln! ‑Hbbn mlhk~ Ji| jmn tììd`t xkj~

L ~jphk~ |bp jaa ~kbs` |`jts jhb jdbp~ obm~tbaalmh bm`“s jmh`t-’

‑L nb njn! jmn ~kjmfs-’

%%%%%

Jaa glw` jttlw`n djof lmsln` Kbi`)djs`! ~k`| jaa gà~ w`t| kj| ~kj~ ~k` b`tj~lbm kjn

hbm` sb xàa- Njtjps tjm ~bxjtns ~k` htbp xk`m ~k`| b`m`n ~k` djof nbbt jmn ajpmok`n

klisàg j~ _jmntj js sk` xjs ~k` glts~ `tsbm ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt-

‑Xkbbk Njtjps!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑L~“s hbbn ~b s`` |bp ~bb-’

Xbbg! xbbg! x`m~ Njtjps

Js ~k` htbp xjaf`n p ~k` obttlnbt! ~k`| b`m`n ~k` gjo` aj~`s bm ~k`lt kài`~s! jmn

xk`m ~k`| kjn `m~`t`n ~k` alwlmh tbbi ~k`| nlsobmmò~`n ~k` nj~j ojda`! pmoal`n ~k` djof bg

~k` kài`~- ^k`| ~k`m tìbw`n ~k` pml~ jmn ajo`n l~ lm ~k`lt ojs`s-

‑J spoo`ssgpa b`tj~lbm ~kj~!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑\`jk! dp~ L i`jspt` spoo`ss bm bp~obi`s mb~ kbx xàa ~k` ebd hb`s!’ Mlds sjln! ‑A`~s

xjl~ pm~la ~bibttbx xk`m ~k`|“w` hbm`-’

‑^kj~“s ~tp`! aps ~k` tjilgloj~lbms gbt ~k` aboja obiipml~| xlaa d` ijsslw` lg ~k`| nb

a`jw`! ibs~ bg ~k` kbps`s jt` lm kbof ~b ~kì!’ t`sbmn`n Sjpa-

‑_bi` xlaa d` kj| ~k`|“w` hbm`! b~k`ts mb~ sb! |bp“w` hb~ ~b tììd`t ~k` lmobi` gbt

ibs~ bg ~k` `ba` k`t` ls dàbx ~k` bw`t~| alm` xklok lsm“~ hbbn!’ sjln Jds-

‑L fmbx!’ sk` sjln js sk` tìbw`n ~k` ijhjulm`s jmn b~k`t ~òkmbabh| gtbi k`t x`ddlmh!

‑Lg ~k`| hb ~kj~“s hbbn lg mb~! L“i sbtt| ~b sj| l~ x` dpt| ~kì- X` kjw` ~b-’

‑\`jk x` nb!’ sjln Sjpa- ‑Jm|xj| Mlds! l~“s |bpt dlt~knj| ~bibttbx sb L sj| x` oklaa gbt

~k` t`s~ bg ~bmlhk~-’ K` ~bbf bp~ ~k` glts~ o`tjilo aj~` jmn sal`n l~ lm~b l~s kbi` lm ~k` ojs`-

‑Xkj~ jt` ~k` ajms gbt ~bibttbx2’ jsf`n Jds js sk` nln ~k` sji`-

‑Ii!’ sk` sjln! ‑kà Ji| xl~k k`t dpaa|lmh tbdaìs j~ sokbba-’

‑^k`m bp~ ~b ~k` t`s~jptjm~ gbt jdbp~ 435?3 ~k`m ~b Oapd Ilaajmj gbt jdbp~ 445?3 ~b xj~ok

Tlokjtn O lm j s~t``~ glhk~!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑X`“w` lmwl~`n Ils~|“s htbp ~b ~k` oapd! dp~ ~k` ~jda`

x`“w` dbbf`n j~ ~k` t`s~jptjm~ ls gbt ~`m- Sjpa sphh`s~`n x` lmwl~`n Ji| jabmh jmn s``lmh js

|bp nln nb `{jo~a| ~kj~ ~bnj|! x` kjw`m“~ kjn ~b xbtt| jdbp~ l~-’

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln! js sk` tìbw`n ~k` sòbmn sflm jmn gban`n l~ p jmn ajo`n l~ lm k`t ojs`-

Sjpa mpnh`n _jmntj j~ k`t obii`m~! _jmntj eps~ ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n j~ kli xl~k j gjo` ~kj~sjln L fmbx |bp alf` k`t-

^k` t`s~ bg ~k` `w`mlmh xjs s`m~ xj~oklmh j obpa` bg hbbn glais jmn h`~~lmh s~bm`n-



?0:

%%%%%

_jmntj jmn sk` xjaf`n lm~b ~k`lt tbbi! xk`m _jmntj kjn oabs`n ~k` nbbt! sk` jsf`n! ‑Ls

Sjpa jg~`t Ji|2’

‑\`jk k` ls!’ tàl`n _jmntj js sk` pmnt`ss`n gbt d`n-

‑L ~klmf Ji| ij| kjw` sbi` flmn bg sòlja jdlal~|!’ sk` sjln js sk` tìbw`n ~k`

~tbps`ts sk` kjn p~ bm jg~`t ~k` tjln-

‑Xkj~ ijf`s |bp sj| ~kj~ kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj jg~`t sk` kjn oalid`n lm~b d`n jmn al~ ~k`

glmja Ojidjt olhjt`~~` bg ~k` nj|-

_k` eblm`n k`t jmn tàl`n! ‑Xk`m x` x`t` otbsslmh Nphhl`(s |jtn! L xjs bm Lmgtj)t`n

jmn sjx xkb L ~kbphk~ xjs Ji| s~bbn lm ~k` xlmnbx! sk` sila`n j~ ps js x` jss`n-’

‑^kj~“s gt`jf|!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj! ‑Js ~k` xkba` blm~ bg xk`t` x` x`t` ibwlmh xjs

xàa bp~ bg ~k` alhk~ gtbi ~k` kbps`!’ jg~`t j ibi`m~s ~kbphk~ _jmntj obm~lmp`n! ‑Kjmh bm! |bp

fmbx L ojm s`` jptjs-’


‑\bp sjx ~k` ~j~~bbs sk` kjs bm k`t jtis-’

‑\`jk L nln!’ sk` tàl`n ~jflmh j ntjx bm ~k` Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn `{kjalmh ~k` sibf`-

‑L sx`jt L sjx jt`js xl~klm ~k` bw`tjaa ~j~~bbs habxlmh j gjlm~ xkl~`! jmn sk` tbnpo`s jw`t| wlwln dap` jptj- Bm` bg ~k` n`slhms xjs jm `|` spttbpmn`n d| j spm jmn db~k ~k` `|` jmn

spm xk`t` habxlmh-’

‑^kj~ nb`s sbpmn lm~`t`s~lmh!’ sk` sjln- ‑_bi`~klmh ~b d` abbf`n j~ ~bibttbx L ~klmf-’

‑\`jk L ~klmf sb ~bb!’ t`sbmn`n _jmntj-

‑Ilmn |bp ~k`t`“s j ab~ x` nbm“~ fmbx jdbp~ Ji| jmn ~k` t`s~ bg k`t gjila|!’ sk`

tàl`n- ‑Bk jmn `jtal`t L sx`jt Njtjps p~ k`t ~b sa`` jmn! m`w`t ilmn-’

‑Xkj~ kpm2’ _jmntj jsf`n sbpmnlmh lm~`t`s~`n j~ xkj~ sk` xjs hblmh ~b sj|-‑L ~klmf Njtjps p~ k`t ~b sa``-’

‑Bf!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

Njtjps epi`n p jmn hjw` k`t j sab| flss-

‑L sx`jt |bp fmbx xkj~ x` jt` ~klmflmh Njtjps-’ _k` sxbt` sk` sjx jm lijh` bg j

kpijm gjo` xk`t` ~k` ipuua` xjs jmn l~ xlmf`n j~ k`t jmn sila`n-

‑Xkj~ ~li` skbpan L s`~ ~k` jajti gbt kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑Jdbp~ :3533! l~ xlaa hlw` ps j g`x kbpts ~b h`~ t`jn|!’ sk` tàl`n jmn s~pdd`n bp~ ~k`

Ojidjt olhjt`~~`- _k` flss`n k`t abw` bm ~k` als jmn ~k`| db~k ajln nbxm opnnalmh xl~k Njtjps

aboj~`n j~ ~k`lt g``~-



%%%%%



?0?

Okj~`t 48

_jmntj k`jtn j zpl`~ fmbof bm ~k` d`ntbbi nbbt- _k` abbf`n bw`t j~ ~k` oabof jmn sjx l~

t`jn 3<5?3DM- _jmntj hb~ p jmn ~l~b`n bp~ bg ~k` tbbi! x`jtlmh k`t dj~k tbd`! jmn lm~b ~kàlwlmh tbbi xk`t` Sjpa! ^lmj jmn Jds xk`t` xtjlmh ~k` wjtlbps t`s`m~s ~k`| kjn hb~ Mlds-

_k` ~bbf ~k` Hl~kjh` djh ~kj~ obm~jlm`n k`t t`s`m~ ~b Mlds jmn ~bbf bp~ bg ~k` djh j ~klm

szpjt` db{- _k` ~bbf j ajth` lò` bg xtjlmh j`t jmn xtj`n l~ p jmn ajo`n l~ j~ ~k`

db~~bi bg ~k` la` bg b~k`t t s`m~s-

Xk`m sk` kjn glmlsk`n l~ sk` hb~ p jmn x`m~ lm~b ~k` fl~ok`m ~b t`jt` Mlds k`t

dt`jfgjs~- Xk`m sk` k`jtn ~k` jajti hb bgg sk` xjaf`n lm ~b ~k` d`ntbbi ojtt|lmh ~k` ~tj|

xklok kjn bm l~ j kb~ s~`jilmh op bg sbi` bg Dlh Ijaaj“s _lo`n _x``~ Okjl Aj~~`! j dbxa bg

Mlds“ gjwbptl~` o`t`ja! j wjs` xl~k j slmha` dajof tbs` lm jmn gbpt `mw ab`s! jaa obm~jlmlmh

dlt~knj| ojtns-

‑\bp fmbx ~k` slhmlglojmo` bg ~k` Dajof Tbs` kpm2’ jsf`n Mlds xkb xjs sj~ p s~tbflmh

Njtjps-

‑\`s! xk`m l~ ls aj|lmh bm ~k` laabx d`sln` |bpt k`jn! dp~ xk`m ~k` Dajof Tbs` ls hlw`m

d| j jt~m`t ~b j jt~m`t bm k t dlt~knj| l~ i jms ~kj~ i| pmn|lmh abw` ls |bpts gbt`w`t jmn j

nj|!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑Ipi jmn njn ~ban i` ~kj~ xk`m L kl~ :>- Sjpa jmn L x`t` lmnpo~`n j~ ~k`

m`{~ Hj~k`tlmh! xklok ls sbi`~klmh x` ips~ ~klmf jdbp~ gbt |bp jmn |bpt gbtija lm~tbnpo~lbm

~b ~k` Zp``m _jtjk-’

‑^tp`!’ sjln Mlds js sk` jss`n ~k` ~tj| ~b k`t- Mlds ~bbf l~ jmn p~ l~ bm k`t aj-

_jmntj ~k`m xjaf`n jtbpmn ~k` d`n ~b k`t sln` jmn oalid`n djof lm~b d`n jmn hjw` Mlds j

flss bm ~k` ok``f-

Mlds ~bbf ~k` gbpt ojtns jmn b`m`n `jok bg ~kì jmn gbpmn ~k` ~b bm` xjs gtbi k`t jmn

Njtjps! xkb kjn ajo`n j jx tlm~ eps~ pmn`t k`t mji`- ^k` m`{~ bm` xjs gtbi Sjpa jmn ~k`m

^lmj“s jmn ajs~a| Jds“ ojtn ~k`| jaa kjn ebf`s bm jmn ijn` k`t ajphk xk`m sk` t`jn ~kì-

Jg~`t dt`jfgjs~! Mlds sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~ jmn s~bbn p ~jflmh k`t ht``m ~bxàalmh tbd`

gtbi ~k` gbb~ bg ~k` d`n-

‑Mbx oabs` |bpt `|`s kpm! ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` kbps` kjs sbi` spttls`s gbt |bp lm ~k` alwlmh

tbbi!’ sjln _jmntj

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln jmn oabs`n k`t `|`s-

_jmntj ~bbf k`t d| ~k` kjmn jmn a`n k`t lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi xk`t` sk` sjln! ‑B`m |bpt

`|`s kpm-’

_k` b`m`n ~kì jmn Jds kjmn`n k`t j ajth` db{ xtj`n lm dlt~knj| j`t- _k` ~bbf l~



jmn ibw`n ~b sl~ nbxm bm k`t pspja sbgj- Njtjps oji` lm gtbi ~k` hjtn`m jmn epi`n p ~b ~k`

sbgj sb k` obpan sl~ d`sln` k`t- K` ajo`n kls k`jn bm k`t ~klhk- _k` pmxtj`n ~k` db{ jmn

b`m`n l~- _k` ~bbf bp~ ~k` kài`~ sk` kjn dbphk~ bm ~k` ~tl ~b Njtaj“s gbt`s~ kbps`! `{o`~ bm

`jok sln` bg l~ xjs j s~|alu`n lijh` bg ~k` Dajof Gjlt|- ‑^kjmf |bp hp|s ~kls ls d`jp~lgpa-’

‑^kjmf Jds gbt l~ sk` kjn ~k` ln`j!’ sjln Sjpa-

_k` hb~ p ibwlmh ~b hlw` Jds j flss bm ~k` ok``f jmn jasb hjw` k`t j kph-

‑\bp jt` ~k` `tsbmlgloj~lbm bg ~k` Dajof Gjlt|! gpm abwlmh dp~ n`jna| s`tlbps jmn w`t|

`wla js xàa! xk`m |bpt gtl`mns jt` lm ~tbpda`!’ sjln Jds-

^lmj jss k`t t`s`m~ m`{~! l~ xjs j sijaa xtj`n db{- _k` pmxtj`n jmn b`m`n ~k`

sijaa db{! ~b glmn ~xb ln`m~loja Oà~jt otbss`s lm `jttlmh gbti- ^k`| ij~ok`n ~k` bm` sk` xbt`

jtbpmn k`t mòf- _jmntj ~bbf ~kì jmn tìbw`n ~k` s~pns sk` kjn lm! _jmntj ~k`m lms`t~`n ~k`

m`x bm`s- ^k`| kjn d``m n`slhm`n ~b sl~ bm ~k` `jts jmn kjmh eps~ salhk~a| dàbx ~k` abd`-

‑^kjmf |bp ^lmj ~k`s` jt` d`jp~lgpa-’

‑^kjmf |bp gbt d`lmh xkb |bp jt` Mlds!’ sjln ^lmj- ‑Jds ls tlhk~ xk`m sk` sj|s |bp jt`

~k` `tsbmlgloj~lbm bg ~k` dajof gjlt| ~ktbphk-’

Sjpa kjmn`n k`t kls t`s`m~ m`{~! l~ ~pdpajt jmn xjs sbg~ xl~k kjtn apis lm l~- _k`

pmxtj`n l~ jmn xk`m ~k` j`t kjn d``m tìbw`n sk` pm~l`n ~k` obtn sòptlmh ~k` ~pdpajt

a`j~k`t tb~ò~lbm- _k` pmtbaa`n ~k` l~ì jmn sjx! xkj~ sk` tòbhmlu`n ~b d` j tàlhlbps s|idba

libt~jm~ ~b ~k` Sj|hjm tàlhlbm-

‑Jaabx i` ~b skbx |bp jmn bw`t ~k` m`{~ g`x nj|s lms~tpo~ |bp lm l~s ps`- L~“s j Sj|hjm

I`nlolm` dpmna`! js |bp fmbx db~k i` jmn ^lmj jt` tl`s~s lm ~k` Hjmhtà Sj|hjm htbp jmn

~bmlhk~ ls j sòlja mlhk~ gbt ps js l~ ls j ajm`~jt| jalhmi`m~ ~kj~ lmoapn`s db~k bpt ibbms jmn

s`w`m b~k`t ajm`~s lm bpt s|s~ì!’ Sjpa sjln! ‑J~ :35>4JM ~kls `w`mlmh l~ s~jt~s jmn ajs~s gbt ?8

ilmp~`s! lg x` x`t`m“~ hblmh ~b ~k` oapd x` xbpan d` obmnpo~lmh j o`tìbm| lm ~k` hjtn`m ~b

oà`dtj~`-

‑^k` dpmna` kjs glw` k`tds ~kbphk~ d| Sj|hjms ~b kjw` sòlja zpjal~l`s jmn ~k` mlm`

ot|s~jas jt` jasb ~kbphk~ ~b bss`ss slilajt zpjal~l`s-’

‑^kjmf |bp Sjpa!’ sk` sjln abbflmh w`t| kj| jmn lm~`t`s~`n j~ ~k` sji` ~li`-

‑Nbm“~ ~kjmf eps~ i`! ^lmj xtb~` ~k` tpmlo lmsotl~lbms lm ~k` obtm`ts bg ~k` bp~`t! njfjm!

a`j~k`t obw`tlmh jmn sk` jasb lmsotld`n ~k` xk`à lmsln`!’ Sjpa sjln-

_k` hb~ p jmn hjw` ^lmj j flss bm ~k` ok``f jmn sjln! ‑^kjmf |bp-’

‑Jmn ajs~a| ilm` kpm!’ sjln _jmntj jmn kjmn`n k`t jmb~k`t xtj`n db{! ~kls bm` ~klmm`t

~kjm Jds“-

_k` pmxtj`n l~ jmn ~bbf bp~ j gpaa a`mh~k a`j~k`t ~t`mok obj~- Bm ~k` djof xjs jmìdtbln`t`n lijh` bg ~k` Dajof Gjlt| dp~ ~kls bm` xjs kbanlmh ~xb skbt~ s~jw`s jmn sapmh gtbi

l~s skbpan`t xjs jm @okb IJ473 Jssjpa~ pas` tlga`- Lm ~k` djofhtbpmn xjs Mlds“ dlf` jmn



?00

bw`t ~k` k`jn x`t` ~k` xbtns ‛^k` Dajof Gjlt| Wl{`m“ jmn dàbx xjs xtl~~`m ‛D` Xjtm`n“ ~k`

xtl~lmh xjs lm n`` t`n ~kt`jn- ^k` xlmhs xk`t` `{~`mn`n js lg sk` xjs jdbp~ ~b ~jf` bgg-

‑^kjmf |bp kpm!’ sk` sjln! h`~~lmh p sb sk` obpan hlw` _jmntj j flss bm ~k` als- Jg~`t

sl~~lmh djof nbxm sk` jsf`n! ‑Ojm L jsf! kjw` ~k`| a`g~ bt jt` x` t`jtlmh ~b dpt| ~kì2’

‑^k`| a`g~ j~ j zpjt~`t js~ mlm`!’ sjln Jds tj~k`t kj| j~ ~k` gjo~! ‑L sjx ~kì a`jwlmh

xk`m L t`~ptm`n xl~k |bpt kài`~-’

‑^kj~“s hbbn x`“aa okòf l~ bp~ ~bibttbx `w`mlmh-’

‑Jm|xj| L ~klmf x` kjn d`~~`t h`~ t`jn| ~b hb jmn kà Ji|!’ sjln Sjpa

Fmbof! fmbof oji` gtbi ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! ‑L~“s b`m!’ ojaa`n Sjpa-

^k` nbbt b`m`n jmn Dlaa s~bbn bm ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` nbbt-

‑Obi` lm Dlaa!’ sjln Sjpa-

‑Ji| sjln l~ xjs |bpt dlt~knj| Mlds- Eps~ sbi`~klmh sijaa gtbi ps js j ~kjmf |bp gbt

d`lmh j kpijm xkb ojt`s!’ sjln Dlaa s~`lmh lm~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi! jmn bgg`t n k`t j sijaa djh

xl~k sbi`~klmh j~ ~k` db~~bi

‑\bp fmbx xk`t` x` jt` hblmh j~ apmok~li`2’ sk` jsf`n js sk` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n

~bxjtns Dlaa-

‑\`jk ~b k`t sokbba ~b kjw` j okj~ xl~k ~k` dpaal`s! L xlsk L obpan hb dp~ D`j~tlo` ls bgg

sokbba xl~k j s~bijok dph jmn njn kjn ~b hb ~b xbtf ~bnj|!’ jmsx`t`n Dlaa-

_k` ~bbf ~k` djh jmn b`m`n l~- Lm ~k` db~~bi xjs j dtjoà`~ xklok sk` ~bbf bp~ jmn ajo`n bm k`t a`g~ xtls~-

‑Xàa lg D`j~tlo` ls bgg slof |bp kjn d`~~`t h`~ djof ~b k`t!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑L~ xjs _ji“s! Nphhl` sjln L skbpan hlw` ~b |bp ~kls ibtmlmh! k` ~klmfs _ji xbpan kjw`

xjm~`n l~ ~b d` xl~k sbi`bm` xl~k j hbbn k`jt~-’

‑^kjmf |bp Dlaa jmn ~àa Nphhl` ~kjmf |bp-’

Dlaa ~ptm`n jmn s~jt~`n nbxm ~k` s~`s- ‑Kjmh bm Dlaa!’ sk` sjln jmn s~``n bm ~b ~k`

w`tjmnj- _k` oabs`n ~k` nbbt! jmn sjln lm j zpl`~ wblo` ~b Dlaa! ‑Ojm |bp jsf Nphhl` lg l~ xbpan d` bsslda` gbt i` jmn _jmntj ~b kjw` j tlwj~` okj~ xl~k kli lm ~k` m`{~ g`x nj|s! ~àa kli l~

obmo`tms Ji|-’

‑L xlaa! skjaa L ntb bgg j mb~` ~b |bp hlwlmh |bp jmn ln`j bg xk`m k`“s gt``-’

‑\`jk!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- ‑Mbx h`~ djof ~b abbflmh jg~`t D`j~tlo`-’

‑L“i hbm`!’ sjln Dlaa! ‑jmn kj| dlt~knj|-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n sbpmnlmh kj| ~ptmlmh ~b xjaf djof lmsln`! ~k` oabof t`jn

jaibs~ ::533DM- ‑Xk`m nb`s Ji|“s sokbba apmok s~jt~2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Jsspilmh l~“s j ol~| tpm sokbba! jtbpmn 3:533JM!’ ^lmj sjln-

‑_b ~kt`` kbpts ~k`m!’ sk` sjln-



‑@mbphk ~li` ~b h`~ nt`ss`n jmn glmn ~k` sokbba!’ sjln Sjpa js k` s~bbn jmn k`jn`n gbt

~k` fl~ok`m jmn ~k` obgg`` òpaj~bt-

%%%%%

:?533JM

J~ ~k` sji` ~li` js Sjpa xjaf`n djof lm jg~`t s``lmh Dlaa jmn h`~~lmh ~k` jnnt`ss bg ~k`

sokbba! ~k` gbpt hltas xjaf`n lm gtbi ~k` d`ntbbi obttlnbt jg~`t jmn _jmntj jmn Jds sj~ nbxm

xjl~lmh gbt ~k` ~li` bg n`jt~pt`-

^lmj xjaf`n ~b fl~ok`m jmn jsf`n! ‑Obgg`` `w`t|bm`2’

‑\`jk!’ jmsx`t`n `w`t|bm`-

Mlds xjaf`n ~b ~k` opdbjtn d`sln` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn ~bbf nbxm j ~lm bg gbbn gbt

Njtjps6 sk` b`m`n l~ jmn sobb`n kjag ~k` ~lm lm~b ~k` dbxa- _k` lof`n p kls xj~`t dbxa! sb

sk` obpan tàjo` ~k` xj~`t- _k` abbf`n nbxm jmn sjx Njtjps sj~ ~k`t` xjl~lmh gbt ~k` dbxas ~b

d` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` gabbt- _k` p~ ~k` xj~`t dbxa nbxm glts~ jmn ~kj~ xjs gbaabx`n d| ~k` gbbn

dbxa nbxm- Xk`m sk` s~bbn p Njtjps kjn kls ipuua` lm ~k` dbxa jmn xjs okbilmh kls xj|

~ktbphk ~k` gbbn-

_k` ~ptm`n jmn k`jn`n djof ~b ~k` sbgjs! k`t skbt~ s~jw`s mbx gltia| gl{`n ~b k`t a`hs-

_jmntj sjln js sk` oji` djof! ‑^k`| abbf hbbn! ~k`| spl~ |bpt x`jbms jmn |bp kpm-’

Js sk` js~`n ^lmj sk` kjmn`n k`t ~xb ops bg obgg`` ibp~klmh! ‑|bp jmn _jmntj-’

_k` mbnn`n ~kj~ sk` pmn`ts~bbn jmn ~bbf j sl gtbi bm` jmn gbpmn ~kj~ xjs k`ts-

‑^kjmfs! L“w` jaxj|s kjn j ajm ~b ojtt| ~kì ~k`t`! dp~ m`w`t kjn ~k` l~ìs m``n`n ~b ijf` l~

~k` a`j~k`t s~jaa kjn `w`t|~klmh às` `{o`~ ~k` oals xklok x`t` `js| ~b h`~- K` jasb ~ban i`

kbx ~b nòbtj~` l~ js xàa-’

‑Hb~ jm| ln`js gbt ~k` n`slhms2’ jsf`n Sjpa-

^lmj xjaf`n djof ojtt|lmh ~kt`` ops- Sjpa hb~ kls jmn k` ~bbf j sl gtbi l~ d`gbt` p~~lmh

bm ~k` htbpmn jmn ~jflmh bp~ kls ~lm-

Jds hb~ ~k` m`{~ op jmn ~kj~ x`m~ s~tjlhk~ ~b ~k` obgg`` ~jda` jmn xjs eblm`n d| ^lmj“s

op-

‑\`s! sbi`~klmh w`t| slilajt ~b ~k` n`slhms lm ~k` Oà~jt Otbss jmn ~k` `jt tlmhs-’

‑^kj~ sbpmns alf` j t`jaa| lm~`t`s~lmh n`slhm ~b nb! dp~ ~k` xbtf lm ~k` otbss jmn ~k` `jt

tlmhs ls lmot`nlda| lm~tloj~`-’

_bbm ~k` ~li` tbaa`n jtbpmn gbt ~kì ~b a`jw` gbt ~k` sokbba- _k` kjn dtbphk~ p ~k` ij

jmn kjn j tbphk ln`j bg kbx ~b h`~ ~b ~k` jt`j-Js `w`t|bm` xjaf`n bp~ ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! Sjpa htjdd`n ~k` djd| ojttl`t6 ~k`| ps`n ~b

~tjmsbt~ Njtjps! gtbi ~k` kjmh`t d`sln` ~k` gtbm~ nbbt jmn sjln! ‑Xkb“s hb~ Njtjps2’ Xkb



?08

xjs xjaflmh j~ Mlds“ k`à-

‑I`!’ sk` sjln lm tà|-

Sjpa jss`n ~k` ojttl`t ~b k`t- _k` jasb ~bbf k`t spmhajss`s gtbi k`t bpok- _k` sila`n js

sk` tììd`t`n ~jflmh ~kì gtbi j tbs~tj~` _liblm` jaa ~kbs` x``fs jhb-

‑^klmflmh jdbp~ |bpt ajs~ nj| js sokbba kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj js sk` hjw` k`t j flss bm ~k`

ok``f-

_bbm jaa glw` dlf`s x`t` bm ~k` ntlw`xj| jmn Sjpa kjn oabs`n ~k` hjtjh` nbbt-

_k` p~ ~k` ojttl`t bm k`t djof- _jmntj htjdd`n Njtjps jmn saln kli lm~b ~k` ojttl`t sb kls

k`jn xjs abbflmh bp~ bw`t Mlds“ skbpan`t! kls gtbm~ jxs x`t` t`s~lmh bm k`t skbpan`ts js xàa-

@w`t|bm` s~bbn bm ~k` flof s~jt~s! xklok s~jt~`n ~k` `mhlm`s jmn sàò~`n glts~! ~k`| jaa

paa`n p ~k` ntlw`xj| js~ ~k` dap` wjm jmn ~ptm`n a`g~- J~ ~k` ijlm tbjn epmo~lbm ~k`| ~ptm`n

tlhk~! k`jnlmh gbt @djm Klaa xklok xjs oabs` ~b ~k` Klhk sokbba Ji| x`m~ ~bb-

%%%%%

L~ ~bbf jdbp~ ~x`m~| ilmp~`s ~b ntlw` ~k` nls~jmo` ~b ~k` sokbba jmn jaa glw` ib~bt)dlf`s

jtf`n p lm ~k` s~pn`m~“s ojt jtf- Jg~`t oalidlmh bgg Mlds a`~ Njtjps nbxm jmn jss`n ~k`

ojttl`t ~b ^lmj js sk` kjn wbapm~``t`n bm ~k` ntlw` bw`t ~b ojtt| Njtjps xk`m ~k`| a`g~ ~k`

sokbba- Mlds! _jmntj! jmn Sjpa! xl~k Njtjps jnnlmh jabmh d`sln` ~kì! jaa xjaf`n ~b ~k` ijlmjt`j d`~x``m ~k` sokbba dplanlmhs- K`t` ~k`| gbpmn j sòapn`n ~jda` ~b sl~ j~ jmn xjl~`n gbt ~k`

dàa ~b lmnloj~` ~k` s~jt~ bg apmok-

J~ :>533 ~k` dàa sbpmn`n jmn ~k` s~pn`m~s s~jt~`n ~b obi` bp~ bg ~k` dplanlmhs-

%%%%%

385>0Ji| a`g~ ~k` kbps`! jmn sk` kb`n ~b s`` Mlds sb sk` obpan xlsk k`t j kj| dlt~knj|-

_k` ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` gpà s~j~lbm! jmn sk` xjs g`àlmh j ab~ kjl`t- ^k` okj~ ~b njn ajs~ mlhk~

kjn hlw`m k`t! k`t obmgln`mo` djof- _k` xbpan jo~ n`t`ss`n jmn sk` fm`x ilss Ilaa`t xbpan

d` k`t pspja s ag! dp~ sk` jasb fm`x ~kj~ j~ apmok ~li` sk` xbpan d` h ~~lmh spok j

obi`pjmo`-

J~ glts~ `tlbn sk` xjaf`n ~b Ijtf“s Bgglo` jmn gbpmn db~k Ijtf jmn Jmhàlzp` sj~

xjl~lmh gbt k`t- ‑Obi` lm Ji|- L hp`ss |bpt njn ~ban |bp jdbp~ ps obilmh ~b s`` |bp ajs~

mlhk~2’ jsf`n Ijtf

‑\`s k` nln!’ sk` tàl`n-



‑Hbbn- X` x`t` db~k obmo`tm`n jdbp~ xkj~ kj`m`n |`s~`tnj|! ji L tlhk~ lm sj|lmh ~kj~

l~“s ~k` dpaa|lmh |bp“w` d``m h`~~lmh2’ jsf`n Ijtf sbpmnlmh w`t| obmo`tm`n j~ ~k` dpaa|lmh-

‑\`s l~ ls-’

Ji| xjaf`n ~b bm` bg ~k` `js| okjlts jmn sj~ nbxm-

‑\bp abbf j ab~ kjl`t ~bnj| Ji|-’

‑^kjmfs Its Klaa-’

‑Sa`js` alf` ~kls-’ _k` lmnloj~`n ~k` tàj{ j~ibsk`t`- ‑L~“s Jmhàlzp`- Nb |bp xjm~ ~b

~àa ps xkj~ kj`m`n |`s~`tnj|2’

_k` ~k`m ~ban ~k` jlt xkj~ kjn kj`m`n dp~ a`g~ bp~ xkj~ kj`m`n jg~`t sk` kjn a`g~ ~k`

sokbba jmn xk`m sk` hb~ ~b Kbi` Djs`-

‑^kj~ ls mb~ j mlo` s~bt| j~ jaa- Jdlahjla kjs j ab~ ~b jmsx`t gbt ~k`m- L“w` k`jtn t`bt~s

gtbi b~k`t ~`jok`ts ~kj~ sk` ls jasb loflmh bm b~k`t s~pn`m~s- L“i f``lmh j w`t| oabs` `|` bm

k`t mbx! gbt ~xb t`jsbms sbi`bm` d| ~k` mji` bg I Flaaj~bm kjs eps~ als~`n j s~t``~ hjmh bp~ bg

j ~`mjm~ dabof eps~ sbp~k bg ~k` Xjof`t kbsl~ja- Gtbi ~k` n`sotl~lbms jmn t`bt~s bg aboja

Hjmhtàs ls ~kj~ k`“s d``m s``m xl~k Ilss Ilaa`t jmn ~k`|“w` d``m lm okjth` bg ~k` hjmh- L fmbx

~kj~ ~k`|“w` jasb ìab|`n j Hjmhtà pml~ ~b jssls~ lm ~tjlmlmh ~k` hjmh-’

^k` dàa gbt sòbmn `tlbn tjmh bp~sln` lm ~k` obttlnbt-

‑Tlhk~! ~kjmfs gbt blmh d|- Bk |`s |bpt djh!’ sjln Ijtf js k` tpiijh`n ~ktbphk j

la` bg ~klmhs- K` gbpmn lm jmn t s`m~`n l~ ~b Ji| jabmh xl~k k t ibdla`- ‑L ~kbphk~ L kjn

d`~~`t ~jf` ~kls! eps~ lm ojs`-’

‑^kjmfs! l~“s hb~ sbi` s`m~li`m~ja lo~pt`s bg gtl`mns abs~ jmn gjila|-’

_k` sal`n l~ lm~b k`t ~tbps`t bof`~ jmn ~bbf ~k` djh- _k` a`g~ Ijtf“s bgglo` eps~ jk`jn

bg db~k bg ~kì- _k` xjaf`n nbxm ~k` obttlnbt jmn ~ptm`n ~k` obtm`t xklok xbpan ~jf` k`t ~b

k`t sòbmn a`ssbm bg ~k` nj|- _k` jaibs~ xjaf`n lm~b ~k` djof bm Ilss Ilaa`t xkb xjs ~jaflmh

~b j htbp bg k`t gtl`mns- _k` jwbln`n k`t d| obm~lmplmh s~tjlhk~ nbxm ~k` obttlnbt! ~kls tbp~`

xbpan ijf` k`t j dl~ aj~`! dp~ l~ xjs sjg`t! b~k`t xls` sk` ij| dabx aj~`t“s gpm-

%%%%%

3:533JM

Ji| xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` ijlm dabof ojtt|lmh k`t djh jmn apmok- Njn kjn d``m jln

|`s~`tnj| gbt ~k` ajs~ ~kt`` nj|s xbtf jmn kjn gbpt obmglti`n nj|s jmn bsslda| jmb~k`t `lhk~

jg~`t ~kj~- J ab~ ibt` xbtf gbt k`t jmn Dlaa kjwlmh ~b h`~ ~k` |bpmh bm`s bp~ ~b sokbba- _k` s~laa

abbf`n nbxm js sk` hajmo`n jtbpmn ~k` jt`j! sk` obpanm“~ s`` k`t gtl`mns! dp~ sk` fm`x ~k`|xbpan d` lm ~k` jt`j-



?0<

Js ~k` ajs~ bg ~k` gabbn bg plas kjn a`g~ ~k` dplanlmhs _jmntj sb~~`n j abm` glhpt` sabxa|

xjaflmh ~b j ~jda` jmn sjln ~b Njtjps! ‑Glmn Ji| jmn dtlmh k`t ~b ps-’

Njtjps s~bbn! s~t`~ok`n jmn jnn`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` abm` glhpt`- L~ ~bbf kli

jdbp~ glw` ilmp~`s ~b aboj~` Ji| xkb xjs sj~ bm k`t bxm j~ ~k` bbsl~` `mn bg ~k` obpt~|jtn

jt`j! sabxa| `j~lmh k`t apmok- K` epi`n ~b ~k` d`mok! s`j~ m`{~ ~b k`t jmn p~ kls jxs bm ~k`

~jda` ~b- K` abbf`n j~ Ji| xkb abbf`n nbxm jmn k` sjx k`t gjo` okjmh` ~b bm` bg t`jaluj~lbm

bg xkb l~ xjs-

‑Xk`t`“s Mlds Njtjps2’ jsf`n Ji|-

K` epi`n nbxm abbf`n p j~ Ji| xkb spnn`ma| t`jalu`n k` kjn d``m s`m~ ~b glmn k`t-

Xklas~ Njtjps xjs glmnlmh Ji|! Mlds jmn _jmntj xjs pslmh ~k`lt litbw`n k`jtlmh ~b

gla~`t bp~ ~k` djofhtbpmn mbls` jmn als~`m lm~b ~k` wjtlbps obmw`tsj~lbms- _k` k`jtn bm` htbp

sj|! ‑^k`t`“s ~k` ntphhl` xkbt`! bb xkj~“s ~kj~ xl~k k`t! j ntphhl` aj| ~b|2’

_k` abbf`n bw`t jmn sjx j htbp bg mlm` hltas hlhhalmh js Ji| jmn Njtjps xjaf`n

~bxjtns ~kì jmn sjln ~b ~k` b~k`t ~xb! ‑Gbpmn ~kì _jmntj! Sjpa-’

‑Bk xk`t` kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑^k` htbp bg hltas bw`t ~k` gjt sln` bg ~k` obpt~ |jtn!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑Jk! hb~ ~kì mbx!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑jmn t``j~`n ~k` ajs~ obii`m~ sb Sjpa fm`x xkj~ xjs d`lmh sjln! ‑\bpt ntphhl` abw`t dp| |bp ~k` jmlija sb |bp ojm tììd`t |bpt s~` ipi-’

‑L ~kbphk~ |bp x`t` okjmhlmh sls!’ sjln Sjpa xl~k j sila`! ‑L s`` ~k` okjmh` ls gbt ~k`

d`~~`t-’

‑\`jk L ji Sjpa jmn l~ ls gbt ~k` d`~~`t bg `w`t|bm`-’

Xk`m Ji| jmn Njtjps kjn tbpmn`n ~k` ajs~ obtm`t sk` sjx Mlds! _jmntj! jmn Sjpa sl~~lmh

j~ ~k` ~jda`! sk` tjm ~b ~kì jmn hjw` Sjpa! _jmntj jmn Mlds j kph-

‑^li` ~b kjw` j al~~a` okj~ xl~k ~k` dpaal`s!’ Mlds sjln! ‑xbpan |bp eblm ps jmn skbx ps

xklok htbp l~ ls-’

‑L~ xbpan d` i| a`jspt` Mlds!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|! js _jmntj jss`n Ji| ~k` Ojidjt

olhjt`~~` sk` kjn d``m sibflmh jabmh xl~k j alhk~`t! ‑L alf` |bpt obj~ Mlds! dlt~knj| t`s`m~2’

‑\`jk l~ xjs! gtbi _jmntj-’

^k` gbpt bg ~kì! xl~k Njtjps jnnlmh d`sln` k`t k`à! xjaf`n js~ sijaa htbps bg

plas jmn js ~k`| ibw`n! k`jns x`t` ~ptmlmh jmn abbflmh j~ ~kì- Mlds fm`x ~kj~ glts~

lit`sslbms obpm~`n jmn sk` fm`x ~k` ijmbt bg k`t xjaf! ~k` spmhajss`s! ~k` m`x ejof`~! jmn



k`t skbt~ s~jw`s x`t` ~k` lijh` bg j _~t``~ Hkbs~- Kjwlmh _jmntj jmn Sjpa db~k x`jtlmh ~k`lt

ejof`~s xl~k ~k` Pml~“s mji` jmn Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh jotbss ~k` djof xjs eps~ xkj~ sk` xjs

abbflmh gbt ~b obia`~` ~k` lo~pt`- Ji| xjaflmh xl~k j ptbs` k`jn p djof s~tjlhk~ hjw`

~kì ~k` t`jsbm gbt d`lmh ~k`t`- _k` ~kbphk~ ~b k`tsàg! ‛^k` `tsbmj bg ~k` Dajof Gjlt| ips~ d`

s``m xl~k j o`t~jlm jibpm~ bg ~t`jnj~lbm-“

^xb kjaa ibml~bts xjaf`n bp~ bg ~k` ijlm dplanlmh jmn s~jt~`n ~bxjtns ~k` htbp- _k`

eps~ s~b`n! ~ptm`n k`t k`jn ~bxjtns ~kì jmn eps~ s~jt`n ~kì nbxm- ^k`| s~b`n jmn

salhk~a| djof p-

_k` glmlsk`n ~k` xjaf ~b xk`t` Jdlahjla jmn k`t htbp bg gtl`mns x`t`- Jdlahjla xjs

sl~~lmh xl~k k`t djof ~b ~kì js ~k` jtbjok`n jmn sk` mb~lo`n j g`x bg ~k` htbp hpa`n xk`m

~k`| sjx ~k` htbp- _jmntj xkls`t`n lm ~b k`t `jt! ‑Ibs~ jt` tbnpolmh j gjlm~ xkl~` jptj-’

_k` sila`n js sk` ~bbf bp~ k`t tlhk~ skbt~ s~jw` jmn dtbphk~ l~ nbxm kjtn- Js l~ kl~ ~k`

~jda` l~ ijn` j t`sbpmnlmh otjof- ‑Ajnl`s-’ _k` jps`n- ‑H`m~aì`m! L k`jt ~kj~ |bp glmn lg gpm

~b dpaa| `ba`! xbpan |bp alf` ~b ojaa i` mji`s alf` ~k` bm`s |bp ojaa Ji|-’ Jg~`t j skbt~

jps` js sk` abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` ~jda` jmn sila`n j~ ~k` ~kt ` ~``mjh`t i`m! ‑L ~jf` j w t|! w`t|!

w`t| nli wl`x bg dpaal`s `sòljaa| bm`“s xkb dpaa| i| gtl`mns jmn js Ji| ls j gtl`mn L ~jf` jm

lmot`nlda| nli wl`x bg l~- L jnwls` |bp jaa ~b htbx p js lg L k`jt bg jmb~k`t lmoln`m~ bg |bp ab~

dpaa|lmh `ba`! xkb jt` nlgg`t`m~ ~b |bp! L xlaa d` djof jmn m`{~ ~li` L xbm“~ d` eps~ ~jaflmh! L

xlaa d` jo~lmh-’ Jg~`t j ajs~ lm~`ms` s~jt` j~ jaa ~kbs` sl~~lmh j~ ~k` ~jda`! ~k` gbpt gtl`mns ~ptm`n

jmn xjaf`n jxj| lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` s~pn`m~ ojt jtf--

Sjpa ~ptm`n ~b Ji|! js ~k` gbpt bg ~kì xjaf`n jxj|! jmn jsf`n! ‑Nb |bp xlsk ~b eblm ps

jmn dabx ~kls eblm~ Ji|2’

Ji| s`m~ jdbp~ j sòbmn ~klmflmh jmn tàl`n! ‑Lg ~kj~“s bf xl~k jaa bg |bp2’

‑\`jk! ~kj~ xjs ~k` t`jsbm xk| x` oji` ~bnj|! xjs ~b hlw` |bp ~k` okjmo` ~b `meb| alg`

jxj| gtbi dpaal`s jmn sokbba xbtf!’ sk` sjln-

‑Bk x` jt` sb sojt`n |bpt ntphhl` gtl`mns kjn ~b obi` jmn sjw` |bp gtbi ps!’ sjln

Jdlahjla- _k` k`jtn ~k` sm``t lm ~k` ~bm` bg wblo`-

^k` htbp s~b`n jmn Ji| ~ptm`n sj|lmh ~b k`t gtl`mns! ‑Xbpan |bp ilmn xjl~lmh gbt j

obpa` bg ilmp~`s2’ _k` obpan s`` k`t `|`s x`t` ~kbs` bg! ‛~kj~“s l~! mb ibt`“-

‑Mb x` nbm“~ ilmn Ji|!’ sjln Sjpa jg~`t abbflmh j~ `w`t|bm`-

Ji| ~k`m xjaf`n djof ~bxjtns ~k` htbp jmn pmok`n ~k` Jdlahjla! pslmh ~k` jai bg k`t

kjmn tlhk~ bm ~k` mbs`! xklok gaj~~`m`n jhjlms~ k`t gjo` jmn gbto`n k`t ~b sl~ nbxm bm ~k`

htbpmn! kjtn- Jdlahjla hajt`n j~ k`t- _k` abbf`n nbxm j~ k`t jmn sjln! ‑^kj~“s! gbt ~k` ajs~

obii`m~ jmn jaa ~k` b~k`ts L“w` k`jtn |bp p~~`t bw`t ~k` ajs~ obpa` bg |`jts- _ji nlnm“~ tpmjxj|! sk` nlsj`jt`n jmn L lm~`mn ~b hb glmn k`t-’ Ji| ~ptm`n jtbpmn jmn xjaf`n djof

~bxjtns k`t gtl`mns-



?7:

_k` ~ptm`n jmn gjo`n ~k` dpaal`s- ‑Bk jmn d| ~k`| xj|! h`~ |bpt gjo~s tlhk~ d`gbt` ijflmh

jsspi~lbms! x` jt` jaa _~t``~ Hkbs~s- Xj~ok gbt ps lm ~k` mlhk~-’ _k` ~ptm`n djof jmn

obm~lmp`n ~b xjaf ~bxjtns ~k` dlf`s-

_k` sjx bm` bg ~k` ~`jok`ts xjaf bp~ bg bm` bg ~k` dplanlmhs jmn sk` ~k`m k`jtn kli sj|

‑L nbpd~ x` xlaa d` s``lmh |bp jhjlm Ji|- Hbbn apof lm |bpt m`x alg`-’

%%%%%

Xk`m ~k` gbpt gtl`mns jttlw`n djof j~ ~k` dlf`s! Jds jmn ^lmj x`t` okj~~lmh ~b ~k` ~xb

`ba` Ji| fm`x gtbi Obidj~ <3-

‑Mb tbdaìs L kb`2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑Mjk!’ tàl`n Sjpa-

Hlaa jsf`n Ji|! ‑Mb tbdaìs L kb` kpm2’

‑\`jk dp~ l~“s sbt~`n mbx!’ jmsx`t`n Ji|-

‑Xkb xjs l~2’ jsf`n Tbh`t-

‑Jdlhjla Ilaa`t jmn k`t htbp bg gtl`mns!’ tàl`n Ji| js Mlds lof`n p Njtjps jmn p~

kli lm ~k` djd| ojttl`t ^lmj xjs x`jtlmh-

‑^kj~ xbpan kjw` d``m gpm ~b xj~ok- Ls ~k`t` jm|~klmh x` ojm nb2’

‑\`jk ijf` spt` ~kj~ ~k`| nbm“~ nb l~ ~b b~k`t `ba` lm ~k` sokbba!’ tàl`n Ji|-‑\`jk x` xlaa!’ sjln Hlaa lm t`sbms` jmn ~k` ~xb bg ~kì xjaf`n bgg lm ~k` nltò~lbm bg

~k` obpt~ |jtn-

‑L~“s mlo` ~b d` tòbhmlu`n!’ sjln ^lmj-

‑@sòljaa| d| ~kbs` x` kjw`m“~ kà`n!’ sjln Jds-

‑A`~“s dabx ~kls eblm~ jmn k`jn djof ~b bpts ~b oklaa d`gbt` ~k` jt~| ~bmlhk~!’ sphh`s~`n

Sjpa abbflmh w`t| kj| j~ sbi`~klmh! sk` fm`x l~ xjs Ji| d`lmh xl~k i` jmn joo`~lmh ~k`

lml~lja bgg`t bg a`jwlmh ~k` sokbba-‑\`jk! a`~s!’ sjln Ji| silalmh j kj| sila`-

‑Mbx ~kj~“s ~k` j~~l~pn` L alf` ~b k`jt! bm` x`t` ~k` `tsbm ls j~ `jo` xl~k ~kìsàw`s!’

sk` sjln lm t`sbms` ~b Ji|“s tà|- _k` oalid`n bm~b k`t dlf` jmn lmnloj~`n gbt Ji| ~b eblm

k`t- _k` ~k`m sajii`n ~k` flof s~jt~ nbxm ~b s~jt~ ~k` `mhlm` jmn jabmh xl~k ~k` b~k`ts ~k`|

paa`n bp~ bg ~k` s~pn`m~ ojt jtf jmn k`jn`n gbt kbi` djs`-

%%%%%

Xk`m ~k`| hb~ djof ~k`| gbpmn Hjt|“s dlf` jtf`n bm ~k` ntlw`xj|! ~k`| jaa jtf`n p



bp~sln` ~k` hjtjh` jmn xjaf`n lm~b ~k` kbps`- ^k`| gbpmn Hjt| sl~~lmh bm ~k` sbgj sibflmh j

ajth` Ojidjt olhjt`~~`6 k` sjln xk`m ~k`| kjn xjaf`n lm! ‑Kl hp|s-’ Hjt| sbpmn`n tj~k`t

kj| j~ ~k` gjo~ bg l~ d`lmh j jt~| nj|-

‑Kl Hjt|!’ tàl`n `w`t|bm`-

^lmj ~bbf ~k` ojttl`t bgg jmn gtbi l~ epi`n Njtjps xkb xjaf`n ~b kls dbxa jmn aj`n j~

~k` xj~`t-

‑Kbx xjs ~k` ij~ok2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑X` xbm >7)43! x` jt` lm ~k` glmja!’ tàl`n Hjt| jmn ~ptm`n ~b gjo` ~kì- ‑Bk! kj|

dlt~knj| Mlds-’ Hjt| hb~ p jmn t ~tl`w`n j ajth` djh xklok k` ~k`m jss`n ~b k`t gaj~- Lmsln`

~k` djh x`t` j obpa` bg db{`s- ‑L kb` L hb~ |bpt slu` tlhk~! |bp“t` j slu` :4 |`jk2’

‑\`jk L ji!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn b`m`n ~k` djh- _k` ~bbf bp~ j gpaa a`mh~k njtf pta`

nt`ss jmn skb`s- ^k` nt`ss kjn j dpla~ lm obts`~ jmn ajo` sa``w`s-

‑Bk ls ~kj~ ~k` glmlsk`n ejof`~ _jmntj2’

‑L~ ls!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Hlw` ps j ~xlta Mlds!’ t`zp`s~`n Hjt|- _k` nln- ‑Bk w`t| mlo`- _jtjk nln nb j hbbn ebd

bm ~k` ìdtbln`t|-’

Sjpa ~bbf ~k` ejof`~s jmn xjl~`n gbt Mlds ~b kjmn kli k`ts- _k` ~bbf l~ bgg jmn jss`n l~ ~b

Sjpa! sk` eblm`n `w`t|bm` sj~ nbxm-

‑\`jk sk` nln!’ sjln _jmntj-

Jg~`t glmlsklmh j~ kls dbxa Njtjps jnn`n bw`t ~b xk`t` sk` xjs sl~~lmh eps~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k`

sbgj jmn aj| nbxm-

Ji| xkb xjs sl~~lmh m`{~ ~b k`t ~ptm`n ~b gjo` k`t jmn sjln! ‑L“i sbtt| L“w` mb~ d``m jda`

~b h`~ |bp j t`s`m~-’

‑\bp kjw` Ji|!’ sk` sjln silalmh! ‑d`lmh k`t` ls t`s`m~ `mbphk jmn Dlaa b`n bw`t

~kls ibtmlmh jmn hjw` i` ~kls jmn sjln l~ xjs _ji“s-’ _k` skbx`n Ji| ~k` dtjoà`~ Dlaa kjn

hlw`m ~b k`t ~kj~ ibtmlmh-

‑L~ xjs jmn L fmbx _ji xbpan kjw` xjm~`n sbi`bm` bg hbbn k`jt~ ~b kjw` l~!’ t`sbmn`n

Ji| xk`m sk` sjx l~ bm k`t tlhk~ xtls~-

Hjt| sjln! ‑Kl Ji|!’ jmn sila`n- ‑Ojm L ~jf` l~ |bp xlaa d` eblmlmh ps ~kls `w`mlmh2’

‑Bk! kl Hjt|!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|! ‑\`s L xlaa-’

‑Hbbn! ibt` ~k` i`ttl`t!’ sjln Hjt|-



?7?

Okj~`t 4;

Jtbpmn :0533 Njtaj jmn ~k` ~xlms paa`n lm~b ~k` ntlw`xj|-

Xk`m ~k` ~kt`` m`x jttlwjas xjaf`n ~ktbphk ~k` gtbm~ nbbt! ~k`| jaa sjln! ‑Kj| dlt~knj| Mlds-’

’^kjmf |bp Njtaj! Jmhà jmn Njil`à!’ sk` sjln-

Jaa ~kt`` xjaf`n bw`t jmn sj~ nbxm bm ~k` la` bg opsklbms jmn d`jm djhs jmn jss`n ~xb

ajth`! abmh xtj`n t`s`m~s ~b k`t-

_k` ~bbf ~kì db~k jmn d| slia| g`àlmh ~k` x`lhk~ bg ~kì jmn abbflmh j~ ~k` a`mh~k bg

~kì! sk` t`jalu`n xkj~ ~k`| x`t`! ‑\bp skbpanm“~ kjw` Njtaj! Jmhà! Njil`à- ^kjmf |bp sb

ipok-’

‑\bp fmbx xkj~ ~k`|“w` hb~ |bp kpm2’ jsf`n _jmntj-

‑\`jk L nb dp~ bma| bm` xkb fmbxs ~k` opa~pt` bg jmol`m~ Ejttujt xbpan tòbhmlu` ~k`

x`lhk~ jmn g`à bg j jlt bg Mje Dajn`s jasb fmbxm js Jssjsslm sxbtns-’

Njtaj jmn ~k` ~xlms sila`n jmn mbnn`n j |`s tà|-

_k` pmxtj`n ~k` ~xb jofjh`s jmn gbpmn l~ xjs j ij~oklmh jlt- Bm ~k` bp~sln` xjs j

s~tl bg slaw`t alf` i`~ja jmn obilmh gtbi ~kj~ xjs ~klm ~`mntlas bg xkj~ abbf`n alf` ~k` sji`

i`~ja- ^k` ~`mntlas kjn d``m xbtf`n ~b gbti j klhka| lm~tloj~` j~~`tm ~kj~ abbf`n alf` l~ xjs

bma| bm ~k` sptgjo` bg ~k` skbt~ s~jgg- ^k`t` xjs mb bdwlbps lmnloj~lbm ~kj~ l~ xjs j dajn` bg jm|

flmn-

Pbm abbflmh j~ ~kì xklok `w`t|bm` xjs- ^lmj jsf`n ~k` zp`s~lbm! xklok sk` fm`x

`w`t|bm` xjs jsflmh! ‑^k`| jt`m“~ j dajn`! ~k`| abbf alf` j jlt bg skbt~ s~jw`s2’

_k` kjmn`n ~k` bm` sk` kjn d``m abbflmh j~ ~b ^lmj jmn sjln! ‑Xj~ok-’ _k` ~bbf k`t kjmn

jxj| jmn ~k` ~b bg ~k` dajn` oji` jxj| lm k`t kjmn- Obmmò~`n ~b ~k` sò~lbm lm k`t kjmn xjs

~k` dajn` sò~lbm- ^k` ~b bg ~k` sojddjtn sò~lbm xjs mbx ilsslmh jmn op~ lm~b ~k` xbbn bg ~k`

sojddjtn xjs j htbbw` xk`t` ~k` dajn` sò~lbm sj~-

_k` dtbphk~ ~k` dajn` sb sk` abbf nbxm ~k` a`mh~k bg ~k` skjt `nh`- ‑Gòf i` ~k` `nh`

ls skjt-’ _k` s~bbn p jmn x`m~ ~b ~k` opdbjtn d`sln` ~k` obip~`t s~j~lbm- _k` ~bbf j lò`

bg j`t bp~ jmn t`s~`n ~k` sk``~ bm ~k` dajn`- _k` h`m~a| ntb`n ~k` dajn` sb a`~~lmh ~k` j`t

ntb bgg- ^k` jo~pja j`t nlnm“~ ibw` nbxm ~k` dajn` l~ gàa lm kjag- @w`t|bm` s~jt`n lm skbof

j~ ~k` ~xb lò`s bg j`t-

‑Gòf*’ `{oajli`n Njtaj! ‑xk`m ^bm| sjln ~k`| x`t` skjt! L m`w`t t`jalu`n ~k`| x`t`

~kj~ skjt-’

_k` ~k`m abbf`n j~ ~k` lmsotl~lbm j~ ~k` djs` bg ~k` dajn`- _k` jsf`n Njtaj! ‑Ojm L jsf

kbx |bp hb~ ~kì2’



‑\`jk! mb tbdaì! ^bm| gtbi Nìbabh| ojgì hb~ ~kì lm~b ~k` obpm~t| gbt ps ~k`|

jttlw`n j obpa` bg nj|s jhb jmn x` lof`n ~kì p ~kls ibtmlmh-’

‑Nb |bp fmbx xk`t` ^bm| hb~ ~kì gtbi2’

‑Mb jaa L fmbx ls ~kj~ L jsf`n gbt j jlt bg Mje sxbtns-’

‑Bf!’ sk` tàl`n- ‑Kpm ojm |bp h`~ i` ~k` nlhl~ja oji`tj2’

‑Xk| nb |bp xjm~ ~k` oji`tj kpm2’

‑L xjm~ ~b s`mn j lo~pt` bg ~k` lmsotl~lbm ~b Epi jmn Xbmh L ~klmf ~k` lmsotl~lbm

dàbmhs ~b bm` bg ~k` ijs~`t sxbtn sil~ks- Lg l~ nb`s! ~k`m k` dtbf` Ejttujtljm Ajx d| ijflmh

~k`s`-’

^lmj jsf`n! ‑Ij| L Mlds2’ _k` lmnloj~`n sk` xjm~`n ~b kjw` j abbf j~ ~k` b~k`t bm`-

‑\`jk- K`t`-’ _k` kjmn`n bm` ~b k`t-

‑\bp“t` flnnlmh!’ `{oajli`n Njtaj-

‑Mb L“i mb~ Njtaj- Ejttujtljm Ajx s~j~`s mb bm` ojm ijf` bt jsf ~b kjw` ijn` j Mje

sxbtn xl~k j a`~kja `nh`! lg k` hb~ ojphk~ k`“s abbflmh j~ ~xb jmn j kjag ilaalbm nòf glm` aps

j~ a`js~ ~x`m~| |`jts lm tlsbm aps ~k` t`wbflmh bg kls alo`ms` ~b ot`j~` sxbtns- ^kj~ ls j s`tlbps

pmlski`m~ gbt j _xbtn _il~k-’

‑Xk| jt` ~k`| ojaa`n Jssjsslm _xbtns2’ jsf`n ^lmj lm ‛L ji h`~~lmh ~kj~ tlhk~ jt`m“~ L

s~|a`“-

‑Xl~k bp~ fmbxlmh ~kj~ xjs j dajn`! gtbi eps~ abbflmh j~ l~ xbpan |bp sj| l~ xjs j a`~kja

dajn`2’

‑Mb! zpl~` slia| gtbi eps~ abbflmh j~ ~k` bp~sln` |bp ojm“~ ~àa!’ tàl`n ^lmj js sk`

jss`n l~ ~b Jds-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg sòbmns Jds jsf`n! ‑Kbx nb |bp h`~ ~k` dajn` bp~ jmn xklok `mn ls ~k`

kjmna`2’

_k` abbf`n j~ ~k` l~ì jmn sjln lm tà|! ‑^k` `mn m`jt`s~ |bp ls ~k` kjmna`- Kbx nb |bp

h`~ l~ jjt~2 Sajo` |bpt ~kpid j~ jdbp~ j kjmn xln~k gtbi ~k` `mn jmn t`ss-’

Jds nln ~kj~ jmn ~k` ~xb s`jtj~`n- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` gjo~ lm skbof- ‑^kj~ ls j alhk~ oj~ok-’

‑L~“s mb oj~ok! ~k` sojddjtn gl~s sb smpha| ~b ~k` dajn` `w`m lm gpaa gabx obidj~ pslmh

~kì js s~jw`s ~k` sojddjtn xlaa mb~ ga| bgg- ^k` glts~ ~li` L ps` ~kì xlaa ~àa i` lg ~k`| jt`

ijn` d| j ijs~`t sil~k bt j slia` sxbtn sil~k- L“w` gbphk~ pslmh j jlt ijn` d| j ijs~`t

sxbtn sil~k jmn gbphk~ pslmh j jlt ijn` d| ~k` sji` ijs~`t“s jt`m~lo` js bm` bg kls ~`s~

lò`s- k` nlgg`t`mo` xk`m glhk~lmh ls obmsln`tjda` js ~k` ijs~`t ijn` s`~ ~k` sojddjtn nlnm“~

ibw`- ^k` s`~ ijn` d| ~k` jt`m~lo` ibw`n w`t| salhk~a|- Jmn kbx ~b ~àa xklok `mn ~k`

sojddjtn ls- Lm ~k` djs` ls j ~lm| jibpm~ bg i`~ja js ~k` dajn` optw`s nbxm-’Njtaj ajo`n j sijaa xbbn`m db{ bm ~k` ~jda`- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` db{ lm j puua`n gjsklbm-

’^k` oa`jmlmh fl~ Mlds!’ tàl`n Njtaj-



?70

‑^k`| jt` ~k` `tgò~ x`lhk~ gbt glhk~lmh xl~k ~kì js s~jw`s!’ sjln ^lmj

‑L fmbx!’ sk` tàl`n js sk` gbops`n lm bm ~k` djs` jmn ~k` lmsotl~lbm ~k`t`- _k` ~bbf ~k`

lo~pt` jmn ~bbf ~k` oji`tj ~b ~k` obip~`t jmn dbb~`n l~ p! xk`m l~ kjn glmlsk`n dbb~lmh sk`

b`m`n ~xb M`~Wl`x`ts jmn lm bm` nln j s`jtok gbt Ejttujtljm sxbtn sil~k lmsotl~lbms jmn lm

~k` b~k`t sk` okòf`n ~b s`` lg `l~k`t Epi bt Xbmh xjs bmalm`- Xbmh xjs! sk` b`m`n

DajofM`~ i`ss`mh`t jmn ~|`n ‛kl“ jmn t`ss`n ~k` `m~`t dp~~bm! w`t| zplofa| Xbmh tàl`n

xl~k! ‛Kl“

_k` ~k`m ~|`n! ‛Jt` |bp bm wblo`2“

Xbmh tàl`n! ‛\`s L ji xk|2“

‛Ojm L sxl~ok bw`t ~b l~ js L kjw` j zp`s~lbm L xjm~ ~b jsf |bp jmn L“i k`t` xl~k ~k` t`s~

bg ~k` Wl{`ms!“ sk` ~|`n-

‑Bf!’ tàl`n Xbmh bw`t ~k` wblo` s|s~ì-

‑Kl Xbmh! ojm L s`mn |bp j sxbtn sil~k“s lmsotl~lbm-’

‑\`jk mb xbttl`s! ojm“~ |bp abbf gbt l~ bm ~k` m`~!’ sjln Xbmh-

‑L ji abbflmh bm ~k` M`~ dp~ l~“s mb~ als~`n bm ~k` _xbtn _il~k Als~s-’

‑Jk! bf! s`mn ~k` lijh`-’

‑_`mnlmh mbx-’ _k` t`ss`n ~k` s`mn dp~~bm! ~k`m sàò~`n ~k` lijh` gtbi ~k` oji`tj jmn

t`ss`n ~k` bf dp~~bm-

Jg~`t jdbp~ ?3sòbmns! Xbmh sjln! ‑Hb~ l~ wl`xlmh mbx-’Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s sk` ~tjmsg`tt`n ~k` I`ss`mh`t ~b ~k` ~jda`~ jmn sxl~ok`n ~k`

sbpmn s|s~ì bw`t ~b tò`lw` l~s sbpto` gtbi ~k` ~jda`~ jmn mb~ ~k` obip~`t- _k` sjln! ‑L“i mb~

spttls`n |bp ojm“~ glmn l~! l~“s jmol`m~ Ejttujtljm jmn lg ~k` n`~jlas L kjw` lm gtbm~ bg i` jt`

obttò~ l~ dàbmhs ~b Ftpi)Xbmh)Gp-’

‑Ftpi)Xbmh)Gp!’ sk` t``j~`n-

‑\`s!’ t`sbmn`n Xbmh-

‑Gòf! Nbpda` gòf!’ sk` sjln- ‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b ~àa `w`t|bm` k`t` xkb Ftpi)Xbmh)Gpxjs bt skjaa L-’

‑L nbm“~ ilmn nblmh l~! dp~ Epi xbpan d` d`~~`t js k`“s ipok d`~~`t t`jn bm Ejttujtljm

Kls~bt| ~kjm L ji-’

‑Bf! xbpan |bp obttò~ i` lg L h`~ l~ xtbmh! ~b |bpt fmbxa`nh`! a`js` Xbmh2’

‑Mb tbdaì-’

Ji| hb~ p jmn jsf`n! ‑Ntlmfs `w`t|bm`2’

‑\`jk ~kjmfs!’ `w`t|bm`! lmoapnlmh Xbmh! tàl`n-

Jds jasb jnn`n! ‑L“aa hlw` |bp j kjmn xl~k l~ Ji|-’

‑Jmn ~kj~“s j hbbn blm~! |bp hb~ j M`~Oji s`~p2’ jsf`n Xbmh-



‑Mb x` jlm“~!’ sk` t`sbmn`n- Jg~`t j dtl`g jps`! sk` obm~lmp`n! ‑dp~ x` ojm! djof lm j

sò-’ _k` hb~ p jmn xjaf`n ~b ~k` d`ntbbi jmn b`m`n k`t ~òk djh- _k` ~bbf bp~ bm` bg ~k`

~xb M`~Ojis-

Jds ojaa`n bp~! ‑Xkj~ nb |bp xjm~ ~b ntlmf2 Njtaj dtbphk~ sbi` d``t bw`t-’

‑Ojg`ttjs a`js` Jds!’ sk` tàl`n jmn sk` s~jt~`n djof ~bxjtns ~k` alwlmh tbbi-

_k` t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi jmn aphh`n ~k` M`~Oji lm! Xbmh s`m~ ~k` lmwl~` gbt Mlds

~b wl`x k`ts _jmntj t`ss`n ~k` bf dp~~bm jmn bm ~k` ^jda`~ j`jt`n j M`~Oji xlmnbx xl~k

Xbmh xjaflmh ~bxjtns j obpa` bg jti okjlts-

‑X` f`` bpt M`~Oji bm xk`m `w`t x`“t` bmalm` jmn l~“s jaxj|s jli`n j~ ~k` jti okjlts

sb `ba` fmbx xk`m x` jt` j~ ~k` obip~`t jmn p gbt j okj~!’ sjln Xbmh-

‑Mbx ~kj~“s j hbbn ln`j!’ sjln Hjt|-

_k` oal`n ~k` M`~Oji ~b ~k` ~b bg ~k` tbeò~bt sot``m jmn jli`n l~ j~ ~k` ilnna` bg

~k` obgg`` ~jda`! ‑Bf _jmntj oalof ~k` M`~Oji ~tjmsil~ dp~~bm bm DajofM`~ I`ss`mh`t!’ sk`

t`zp`s~`n- ‑_bi`bm` sxl~ok ~k` tbeò~bt bm jmn tpm Nlhl~ja_kbx a`js`-’

Jg~`t _jmntj kjn tpm ~k` tbhtji jmn Sjpa kjn sxl~ok`n ~k` tbeò~bt bm Xbmh j`jt`n

bm ~k` sot``m- _jmntj ~k`m oalof`n ~k` M`~Oji obmmò~ dp~~bm! jmn Xbmh kjn joo`~`n ~k`

lmwl~` ~b wl`x! sk` sjln! ‑Mbx ~kj~“s d`~~`t-’

Jds jmn Ji| t`~ptm`n xl~k ~xb ~tj|s xl~k ~k` ntlmfs bm jmn t` ~bbf ~k`lt s`j~s-

_k` sjln! ‑Kl Xbmh!’ jmn xjw`n j~ ~k` oji! ‑L~“s hbbn ~b s`` |bp jhjlm-’

‑_ji` k`t`! Epi xlaa d` djof sbbm! k` xbtfs j~ j aboja oapd js sòptl~| jmn L fmbx k`

xlaa d` kj| ~b s`` |bp jhjlm-’

‑Bf! |`jk l~ xlaa d` hbbn ~b s`` kli ~bb- L xlsk L kjn f`~ lm obm~jo~ xl~k |bp!’ sk` sjln-

’Lm~tbnpo` i` Mlds!’ sjln Xbmh-

‑_btt| Xbmh! `w`t|bm` xjw` xk`m L sj| |bpt mji`!’ sk` sphh`s~`n- ‑_jmntj i| jt~m`t

lm jaa ~klmhs-’

_jmntj sjln! ‑L~“s mlo` ~b p~ j gjo` ~b ~k` mji` Xbmh jmn jasb mlo` ~b i``~ jmb~k`t bm`

bg Mlds“ gtl`mns-’

‑Jt` |bp ~k` `tsbm Mlds xjs ~jaflmh jdbp~ xk`m x` glts~ okj~~`n bm i`ss`mh`t2’

‑\`jk! ~kj~ xjs i`!’ tàl`n _jmntj-

‑Ojm L h`~ bm!’ sk` sjln-

‑_btt|! Mlds!’ tàl`n Xbmh-

_k` ~k`m lm~tbnpo`n `w`t|bm` às` lm ~k` tbbi ~b Xbmh! jmn js sk` kjn sphh`s~`n `jok

bm` xjw`n xk`m sk` lm~tbnpo`n ~kì- J~ ~k` `mn sk` sjln! ‑Ajs~a| dp~ d| mb i`jms a`js~ x`

kjw` Njtjps-’ Mlds blm~`n ~b xk`t` Njtjps xjs aj|lmh abbflmh p j~ ~k` sot``m-Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n Xbmh sjln! ‑Ij| L sj| |bp abbf xàa Mlds-’

‑^kjmf |bp!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn gtbi ~k` s`jf`ts oji` ~k` sbpmn bg j nbbt oabslmh-



?78

‑Kl Epi!’ sjln Xbmh! ‑Mlof bt ~b d` ibt` obttò~ Mlds ls bm M`~Oji-’

Epi spnn`ma| j`jt`n jmn sj~ bm ~k` b~k`t jti okjlt! k` t`jok gbtxjtn jmn ~bbf j

obtna`ss ibps` jmn ajo`n j ojm bm j sijaa ~jda`! jmn sjln! ‑Kl gtl`mn! abmh ~li` mb s``!’ lm

mj~lw` Ejttujtljm-

‑Epi a`js` djslo bma|! bma| L s`jf Ejttujtljm!’ sk` sjln-

‑_btt| Mlds!’ t`sbmn`n Epi lm djslo-

Xbmh ~ptm`n ~b Epi jmn jsf`n lm Ejttujtljm! xklok Mlds ~tjmsaj~`n! ‑Ls ~kls ~k` s|idba bg

Ftpi)Xbmh)Gp2’

Jg~`t wl`xlmh ~k` lo~pt` xklok xjs bm ~k` sot``m xk`t` Epi xjs! k` sjln! ‑\`s l~ ls!

xk| nb |bp xjm~ ~b fmbx2’ jsf`n Epi-

‑L kjw` j jlt bg Mje dajn`s xl~k ~kj~ lmsotl~lbm bm ~k` djs` bg ~k` dajn` eps~ jdbw` ~k`

s~jt~ bg ~k` kla~!’ sk` sjln ~jflmh j sxlh gtbi ~k` hajss jmn a`~~lmh ~k` alzpln bpt nbxm k`t

~ktbj~-

‑Ij| L s`` ~kì Mlds2’ jsf`n Epi-

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n jmn lof`n bm` p gtbi ~k` obgg`` ~jda` jmn skbx`n Epi-

‑Ojm |bp tìbw` ~k` kjmna`! L m``n ~b s`` ~k` skjg~ js ~b i| fmbxa`nh` jaa nbopi`m~`n

Mje Dajn`s! gtbi ~kj~ tj! jt` fmbxm jdbp~ jmn kjw`m“~ d``m sban- Ilmn |bp L nbm“~ ~klmf |bp

bt |bpt gtl`mns obpan kjw` jggbtn`n ~k` `s~lij~`n jsflmh tlo`s-’

‑Xk|! mb~2’ jsf`n Njtaj abbflmh tj~k`t aj|gpaa| ilgg`n-‑^k` `s~lij~`s bm ~k` ajs~ jlt ~b d` sban x`t` 43ilaalbm nòfs jmn xk`m ~k`| nln sàa j

jlt ~k`| x`m~ gbt jaibs~ nbpda` ~kj~-’

‑Bpok!’ sjln Njtaj abbflmh tj~k`t tàl`w`n-

_k` t`ss`n ~k` tìbw` dp~~bm aboj~`n lm ~k` djs` bg ~k` kla~ jmn ~k`m tà`js`n l~- _k`

sxlwàa`n l~ ~b obia`~` ~k` tà`js`- ^k` kla~ sla~ jmn jaabx`n k`t ~b tìbw` ~k` `m~lt` dajn`-

‑_kbx i` ~k` djs` xk`t` ~k` kla~ sl~s!’ t`zp`s~`n Epi-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s bg Epi abbflmh l~ bw`t! Epi sjln! ‑\bp kjw` j jlt bg btlhlmja Mje Dajn`s Mlds- Nb |bp fmbx ~k` tbw`mjmolmh bg ~k` dajn s2’

‑Njtaj!’ sk` jsf`n-

‑Mb L nbm“~!’ t`sbmn`n Njtaj- ‑L nln j dl~ bg t`s`jtok lm~b mj~lw` Ejttujtljm ijt~lja jt~s

x`jbms jmn nlsobw`t`n ~kj~ ~k` Mje Dajn`s xk`t` ~k` oabs`s~ dajn`n x`jbm ~b Mlds“ gjwbptl~`

x`jbms- J gtl`mn bg bpts xjs jda` ~b jozplt` ~kì gbt i`-’

‑A`~ i` t`s`jtok sbi`~klmh k`t` jmn L“aa i`ssjh` |bp Mlds!’ sjln Epi-

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln! ‑jmn ~kj~ j hbbn blm~ x` m``n ~b h`~ t`jn| gbt ~kls `w`mlmh-’

‑Bk |`jk x` kjn d`~~`t s~jt~ ~klmflmh jdbp~ ~kj~!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑^k` ~jda` ls dbbf`n gbt

kjag s`w`m-’



‑^jda`2’ jsf`n Xbmh-

‑\`jk! l~“s i| dlt~knj| Xbmh!’ sk` jmsx`t`n-

‑Kj| dlt~knj|! x`“t` hbm`-’ ^k` lo~pt` gtbu` js Xbmh t`ss`n ~k` jps` dp~~bm-

‑Ji| ojm“~ x`jt ~kj~ ~kls `w`mlmh!’ sjln Jds jmn Njtaj-

‑Njim tlhk~!’ sjln _jmntj jmn jg~`t j zplof hajmo` j~ `w`t|bm` xkb mbnn`n ~k`lt

jtbwja! _jmntj ~ptm`n ~b Ji| jmn jsf`n! ‑Ji| x` bg ~k` Dl~ok Wl{`ms jsf |bp ~b eblm ps js

j gpaa iìd`t-’

‑\bp jt` flnnlmh jt`m“~ |bp!’ t`sbmn`n Ji| abbflmh tj~k`t skbof`n j~ ~k` lmwl~`-

‑Mb!’ sjln Sjpa! ‑X` jt` mb~ flnnlmh- Nb |bp xjm~ ~b dòbi` j Dl~ok Wl{`m! j Hjmhtà

jmn j _~t``~ Hkbs~2’

‑J _~t``~ Hkbs~!’ `{oajli`n Ji|! k`t `|`s b`m`n lm `w`m ibt` spttls`-

‑\`jk x` jaa jt`!’ sk` sjln silalmh- ‑_bi` bg ~k` obii`m~s xk`m x` xjaf`n ~b xk`t`

~k` dpaal`s x`t` sl~~lmh x`t` jabmh ~k` alm`s bg ‛^kj~“s j _~t``~ Hkbs~“ jmn ~k` ~bm`s ps`n x`t`

bg jx`! t`sò~ jmn j dl~ bg ~t`lnj~lbm-’

‑\`jk!’ tàl`n Ji| jmn sila`n j dlh d`jilmh sila`- ‑Dp~ ojm L jsf ~kj~ |bp kà i` lm

i| s`jtok gbt i| ipi! _ji2’

‑K`|!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑L ~kbphk~ _ji xjs |bpt s~` ipi2’

‑Nphhl` ~ban i` ~kj~ _ji ls i| dlt~k ipi! dp~ np` ~b xbtf jmn b~k`t ~klmhs! sk` a`g~

xk`m L xjs al~~a`! jmn t`j`jt`n xk`m L xjs `lhk~- Nphhl` jmn sk` db~k nòln`n ~kj~ l~ xjs

d`~~`t jmn `jsl t lg _ji dòji` i| s~` ipi tj~k`t ~k`m ipi- L pmn`ts~jmn l~ lm sbi` xj|s!

dp~ L jasb xlsk ~k`| kjn ~ban i` j ab~ sbbm t ~kjm Nphhl` nln!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-

‑Ji| |bp“t` j Dl~ok Wl{`m glts~ jmn gbtìbs~ mbx!’ sjln Njtaj! ‑Jmn Wl{`ms kà

Wl{`ms-’

^k` hltas jaa s~bbn jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` d`ntbbis ~b h`~ t`jn| a`jwlmh Sjpa jmn Hjt|

lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi-

‑L kjw` j zp`s~lbm- Lg L ji j Wl{`m! ~kls ls mb~ xkj~ j Wl{`m x`jts gbt j mlhk~ bm ~k`

~bxm!’ sjln Ji|-

‑W`t| ~tp`!’ sjln Jds- ‑A`jw` ~kj~ ~b i` jmn ^lmj-’

_jmntj jmn k`t sjln! ‑Djhhl`s ~k` skbx`t glts~-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n `w`t|bm`-

^k` jlt ~ptm`n tlhk~ jmn oabs`n ~k` dj~k tbbi nbbt d`klmn ~kì-

%%%%%

Js Mlds jmn _jmntj hb~ pmnt`ss`n _jmntj sjln! ‑L sx`jt ~kbs` tpm`s ibw`n xk`m |bp

kjmna`n ~k` dajn`-’



?7<

‑^k` dajn`s nln g`à js lg ~k`| dàbmh`n ~b i` lm sbi` xj|! lg ~kj~ nb`sm“~ sbpmn

s~tjmh`!’ sk` tàl`n js sk` oa`jm`n ~k` `jtal`t ijf`p bgg jmn tjm k`t kjmn bw`t k`t gjo`- _k`

gbpmn j g`x tbphk jt`js jmn nòln`n ~b kjw` j sòbmn oabs` skjw`- _k` ~k`m tjm ~k` dbxa gpaa bg

xj~`t jmn hb~ k`t skjwlmh fl~ nbxm-

‑Mb l~ nb`sm“~! xkj~ xl~k ~k` ~klmhs ~kj~ kjw` d``m kj`mlmh ~b ps! xkj~ xl~k bpt

jdlal~l`s- L“w` d``m nblmh sbi` t`s`jtok lm~b i| bxm jptj slhk~ lg ~kj~“s ~k` tlhk~ xbtn- L gbpmn

~kt`` t`g`t`mo`s ~b l~! bm` lm j dbbf Sjpa bxms bm Sj|hjm ijhlo tl~pjas jmn sàas! bm` gtbi j

~tjmsaj~`n jmol`m~!’ jmn _jmntj p~ j ab~ bg ìkjsls bm ~k` xbtn jmol`m~! ‑sotbaa ~kj~ xjs gbpmn

lm jm `{ojwj~lbm lm ~k` mbt~k bg Ejttujt jmn ~k` ~kltn lm jm bmalm` jtjmbtija ebptmja `nl~`n d|

Stbg`ssbt Ulfk`li xklok t`g`ts ~b j sòlglo sotbaa kàn lm ~k` _ptjdjm O`m~tja ips`pi- L~“s

m`w`t s``m ~k` alhk~ bg nj| bm jm| nlsaj|-’

‑\`jk!’ sk` t`sbmn`n sbpmnlmh lm~`t`s~`n lm ~k` t`s`jtok _jmntj kjn nbm`- Xk`m sk`

kjn glmlsk`n _jmntj xjs h`~~lmh bp~ jmn mllmh ~k` ~bs bg jm| `ttbm`bps kjlts- Mlds okòf`n

~k` djof bg k`t a`hs jmn jtis jmn ml`n jm| lm ~kbs` aboj~lbms- _k` ~k`m oalid`n lm~b ~k`

skbx`t jmn alf` _jmntj kjn j hbbn xjsk nbxm- Xklas~ sk` xjs xjsklmh k`tsàg _jmntj ~bbf j

abbf j~ ~k` djof bg k`t jmn ml`n jm| kjlts ~kj~ kjn j`jt`n-

‑Nb j sojm jg~`t x` jt` t`jn|! l~ xlaa d` `jsl`t ~b gbt |bp ~bb s`` ~k` nlgg`t`m~ jptjs xk`m

`w`t|bm` ls ~bh`~k`t-’

‑\`jk! ~kj~“s j d`~~`t ln`j kpm-’

%%%%%

Epi xjs sj~ j~ kls obip~`t o`m~t` kjwlmh jm bmalm` okj~ xl~k j oabs` kls~btljm gtl`mn-

‑\bp fmbx |bp ~ban i` ~kj~ Ftpi)Xbmh)Ij ijn` >3 jlts bg Mje dajn`s jmn |bp kjw`

nbopi`m~jt| tbbg bg ?; jlts- L ij| kjw` gbpmn ~k` ?<~k jlt-’

‑\bp ips~ d` flnnlmh i` ~k` ajs~ ~xb x`t` ~kbphk~ ajs~ xk`m Upjjtdk nlsj`jt`n >>3|`jts jhb! Epi-’

‑Mb L“w` s``m kls ijtf jmn ~k` dajn` skjg~ kjs ~k` tpmlo lmsotl~lbm bg ~k` glw` oktbij~lo

jmn glw` i`~jaalo ntjhbms- L ojm“~ d` spt` dp~ L ~klmf ~k`t`“s jm à`w`m~k ntjhbm xtj`n jtbpmn

~k` w`t| db~~bi bg ~k` skjg~ jmn lm jaa i| t`s`jtok L“w` m`w`t s``m ~kj~ tpmlo lmsotl~lbm

d`gbt -’

‑L xbpan m``n ~b s`` l~ glts~ kjmn ~b kà lm n`~`tilmlmh xkj~ l~ ls! dp~ ~kls i`jms ~k`t` ls

j bssldlal~| ~k` >3~k jlt ij| mb~ d` abs~ jmn bp~ ~k`t` lm sbi`bm`“s kjmns-’

‑Bt dptl`n lm gbthb~~`m ajo`!’ k` jnn`n-



%%%%%

Djof lm _ptjdjm xk`m Mlds jmn _jmntj kjn glmlsk`n h`~~lmh t`jn| sk` b`m`n ~k` nbbt js

Jds! ^lmj jmn Ji| jss`n! _jmntj eps~ abbf`n skbof`n js ~k`| jss`n k`jnlmh gbt ~k` alwlmh

tbbi-

_k` jsf`n _jmntj xk`m sk` sjx _jmntj“s `{t`sslbm! ‑Xkj~“s p kpm2’

‑Jds jmn ^lmj“s jt` ~k` sji` obabpt js i` jmn Ji| ls tbnpolmh j wldtjm~ dap`- A`~s eblm

~k` hp|s lm ~k` alwlmh tbbi-’ ^k` ~xb bg ~kì sila`n jmn xjaf`n kjmn lm kjmn bp~ lm~b ~k`

obttlnbt jmn `m~`t`n ~k` alwlmh tbbi x`t` ~k` t`s~ bg ~kì x`t`- Ji| xjs x`jtlmh bm` bg Jds“

Njtf tbof`t abx op~ sa``wà`ss ~bs! dajof ~lhk~ a`j~k`t ~tbps`ts jmn ~k` dbb~s Jds kjn hlw`m k`t

|`s~`tnj|-

‑Mlds j i`ssjh` gtbi Xbmh! jmn Epi xjm~ ~b M`~Oji okj~ xl~k |bp gbt j dl~!’ sjln

Sjpa-

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln jmn jo~lwj~`n M`~Oji jmn ~k` wblo` s|s~ì-

‑L xjs d`hlmmlmh ~b xbmn`t lg |bp x`t` ~k`t`!’ sjln Epi-

‑_btt| Epi! xkj~“s p2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑J kls~btljm gtl`mn bg ilm` xjm~s ~b s`` ~k` skjg~s bg |bpt dajn`s! k` xjm~s ~b okòf

sbi`~klmh-’

‑Mb tbdaì!’ sk` sjln jmn ~bbf bm` gtbi k`t ~klhk kban`ts jmn tìbw`n ~k` kla~- J

M`~Oji t`zp s~ xjs t o`lw`n gtbi j Nt Kl)Ejt Gbmh! xklok sk` joo`~`n-

‑Kl!’ sjln Kl)Ejt Gbmh jmn ~k`m k` sjln lm dtbf`m djslo! ‑Ij| L s`` db~k sln` bg ~k` dajn`

jmn djs`-’

‑\`jk mb tbdaì!’ sk` sjln lm Ejttujtljm jmn skbx`n Kl)Ejt Gbmh `jok sln` jmn ~k`

djs`-

‑^kjmf |bp Mlds- L mbx kjw` `mbphk lmgbtij~lbm ~b hb jmn ~t| jmn glmn bp~ xkj~ ~k`

à`w`m~k ntjhbm! bm ~k` djs`! ls- L xlaa a`~ Epi fmbx i| glmnlmhs lm j obpa` bg nj|s!’ tàl`n

Nt Kl)Ejt lm Ejttujtljm-

‑Bf! ~kjmfs jmn d|` Epi! x`“t` bgg bp~-’

‑Bf! Mlds! `meb| |bpt `w`mlmh-’ ^k` alm` x`m~ n`jn- _k` t`ss`n ~k` s~jmn d| dp~~bm jmn

ijn` spt` ~k` kla~s xk`t` abof`n lm ajo` d`gbt` salnlmh l~ kbi` lm~b ~k` sojddjtn- Xk`m ~k`|

abof`n oabs`n! sk` abbf`n oabsà| j~ ~k` sojddjtns jmn kla~s! l~ xjs js lg l~ xjs bm` a`mh~k bg

xbbn mb~ j kla~ jmn sojddjtn- _k` t`~ptm`n ~k` Mje Dajn` ~b k`t ~klhk oals-

‑Jk! L ips~m“~ gbth`~ ~kls!’ sk` sjln jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k` d`ntbbi xk`t` sk` htjdd`n k`t

ban a`j~k`t ejof`~- Pbm t`~ptmlmh ~b ~k` alwlmh tbbi! sk` sjln ~b Ji|! ‑J hlg~ gtbi i` ~b |bp!xàobi` ~b ~k` Wl{`ms jmn nb |bp xlsk ~b ntlw`2’

‑Ntlw`!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-



?8:

‑\`jk! ntlw` i| dlf`-’

Ji| s~p~~`t`n! ‑Xkj~2 \bp kjw` hb~ ~b d` flnnlmh i`! ntlw` |bpt dlf`-’

‑Jaa Wl{`ms tln` sb |bp ilhk~ js xàa h`~ ps` ~b ls jmn s~jt~ a`jtmlmh!’ sjln ^lmj

‑\`jk!’ sjln Sjpa- ‑Lg Mlds kjnm“~ sjln L xbpan kjw`-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n Ji| js Mlds kjmn`n k`t ~k` a`j~k`t ejof`~-

‑_kjaa x` hb!’ sjln Jds! silalmh-

‑Kjmh bm!’ sjln ^lmj! ‑|bpt obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-’ ^lmj kjmn`n Ji| ~k` ~tjmsil~~`t

db{! dajof okbf`t jmn jt lò`- ‑Oal ~k` ~tjmsil~~`t ~b |bpt dà~! xtj ~k` okbf`t bw`t |bpt

wblo` db{ jmn `jt lò` lm~b |bpt tlhk~ `jt- L~s wblo` jo~lwj~`n-’

‑Bf hp|s!’ sk` sjln- ‑Mb bm` ps` okjmmà gbpt pma`ss wl~ja- ^kj~ xlaa d` i` ~b |bp Ji|-

L“aa ~`jok |bp kbx ~b ntlw`-’

Jaa bg ~k` htbp n`so`mn`n ~b ~k` ntlw`xj|! jmn `w`t|bm` xjaf`n lm~b ~k` hjtjh` xk`t`

Jds sjln! ‑\bpt sòbmn hlg~ gtbi ps ls ~kls-’ Jds nlsj`jt`n d`klmn ~k` sk``~lmh ~kj~ sal~ ~k`

hjtjh` lm ~xb! t`~ptmlmh jg~`t j g`x sòbmns xl~k j bpok! ‑\bpt Hjmhtà Sbpok! L fmbx |bp

sibf` Ojidjt! ~k`t`gbt` |bpt ~lm! l` jmn alhk~`t! jmn |bpt ~kltn hlg~!’ sjln Jds js sk` sxl`n

k`t ojtn xklok b`m`n ~k` jtibpt| opdbjtns jmn ~bbf bp~ j \8 <ii ls~ba jmn j skbpan`t

kbas~`t-

Ji| ~bbf bgg k`t ejof`~ jmn p~ ~k` skbpan`t kbas~`t bm- _k` ijn` spt` ~k` ojda`s x`t`

lmsln` ~k` ejof`~ xk`m sk` p~ l~ djof bm-‑Tlhk~ a`~s hb!’ sjln Njtaj jg~`t Jds kjn abof`n p ~k` jtibpt| jmn hjtjh`-

_k` xjaf`n bw`t ~b k`t dlf`! lms`t~`n ~k` f`| jmn sjln ~b Ji|! ‑_xl~ok ~b okjmmà gbpt bm

|bpt obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì-’

‑Kbx2’ jsf`n Ji|-

_k` ~k`m `{ajlm`n kbx ~k` s|s~ì xbtf`n! ~k` obiijmns ps`n jmn kbx ~b obm~tba ~k`

db{-

Xk`m Ji| pmn`ts~bbn ~k` s|s~ì sk` sxl~ok`n bw`t ~b okjmmà gbpt-‑Hbbn! ojm |bp k`jt i`2’ sk` jsf`n xl~k bp~ b`mlmh k`t ibp~k-

‑\`jk! L ojm!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-

‑@{oàa`m~!’ sk` sjln- ‑Kbx ipok nb |bp fmbx jdbp~ ib~btdlf`s2’ sk` jsf`n lm k`t

mbtija wblo`-

‑Mb~ ipok!’ tàl`n Ji|-

‑Tlhk~!’ sk` sjln! js sk` a`n Ji| ~b k`t dlf`! ‑I| dlf`! j Ojtnntj <03H_{-’

‑L“i hblmh ~b d` ntlwlmh j <032’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑Nbm“~ d` sojt`n d| l~! l~“s k`jw| ~b alg~ s~jmnlmh s~laa! dp~ bmo` l~“s

ibwlmh |bpt x`lhk~ jmn djajmo` f`` l~ pmn`t obm~tba- Ps` |bpt obiibm s`ms` tj~k`t ~kjm eps~



?8?

jmn xjs bm gaj~ htbpmn tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` sab` bg ~k` ntlw`xj|! js ~k` dlf` sabx`n Ji| ajo`n

k`t gbb~ bm ~k` htbpmn ~b spbt~ ~k` dlf`-

‑_kjaa x` ~k`m!’ sjln Ji| abbflmh w`t| a`js`n xl~k k`tsàg-

‑Xàa nbm` Ji|!’ sk` sjln-

‑^kjmf |bp Mlds-’

Njtjps xjs j~ ~k` ~b bg ~k` s~`s p ~b ~k` kbps`- _jmntj sjln xk`m sk` sjx kli sl~~lmh

~k`t`! ‑Nb |bp fmbx sbi`~klmh! L ~klmf l~ xbpan d` gpm ~b kjw` Njtjps eblm ps ~kls `w`mlmh- K`

ls js ipok j iìd`t bg ~k` Wl{`ms js x` jaa jt` L ~klmf-’

^lmj ~ptm`n ~b Jmhà jmn jsf`n! ‑Xbpan |bp a`~ Njtjps tln` xl~k |bp2’

‑\`jk! mb tbdaì!’ tàl`n Jmhà jmn ojaa`n! ‑Obi` k`t` Njtjps-’ _k` ~j`n ~k` s`j~

d`klmn k`t-

Njtjps epi`n gtbi ~k` w`tjmnj jmn tjm ~k` skbt~ nls~jmo` ~b Jmhà“s ib~bt)~tlf`! k`

epi`n p d`klmn k t- Xk`m Njtjps xjs s ~~a`n! `w`t|bm` sàò~`n glts~ jmn k`jn`n gbt ~k`

ijlm tbjn-

Js ~k` dlf`s jooà`tj~`n! sk` sjln bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑Hlw` l~ sbi` ibt`

hjs jmn xk`m L sj| okjmh` p bt nbxm okjmh` ~k` h`jts-’

Ji| jooà`tj~`n ~k` dlf`-

_k` sjln! ‑Okjmh` p-’

Ji| paa`n ~k` oap~ok jmn sàò~`n sòbmn! sk` ~k`m tà`js`n ~k` oap~ok jmn ~k` dlf`jooà`tj~`n- _k` ~k`m sabx`n ~k` dlf` js sk` jtbjok`n ~k` epmo~lbm jmn gbaabx`n ~k` t`s~ bg

~k` hp|s tbpmn ~k` obtm`t k`jnlmh gbt OX<-

‑Mlo`!’ sk` sjln- ‑Jg~`t j xkla` |bp xlaa h`~ ~b k`jt jmn pmn`ts~jmn ~k` `mhlm` sbpmns! sb

|bp skbpan d` jda` ~b sàò~ ~k` tlhk~ h`jt gbt ~k` sbpmn jmn s``n- L xbpan jnwls` mb~ sàò~lmh

sl{~k pma`ss |bp fmbx |bp kjw` j hbbn oa`jt tpm jk`jn- ^kls ls kbx L a`jtm~ d| ntlwlmh _jmntj“s

dlf`-’ _k` sjln jg~`t j skbt~ xkla ! ‑Als~`m ~b ~k` mhlm ! jmn okjmh` p-’

Ji| nln js lms~tpo~`n jmn okjmh`n p jmn jooà`tj~`n ibt`- _k` sjln xl~k j kj| sbpmnlm k`t wblo`! ‑L ~klmf L ji d`hlmmlmh ~b h`~ l~-’ Jg~`t j skbt~ xkla` d`gbt` sk` obpan sj| sk`

okjmh` p- Ji| nln eps~ ~kj~! sk` okjmh`n p jmn obm~lmp`n ~b jooà`tj~` jmn gbaabx ~k` t`s~ bg

~k` gtl`mns-

‑Dlmhb! w`t| mlo`!’ sk` sjln- ‑F`` |bpt `|`s bm ~k` t`w obpm~`t jmn okjmh` h`jts xk`m

l~ t`jns jdbp~ 7333TSI-

Js ~k` ~xb bg ~kì sabx`n gbt ~k` epmo~lbm ~kj~ xbpan ~jf` ~kì bm~b ~k` OX! Ji|

ntb`n ~k` nbxm ~ktbphk ~k` h`jts js ~k` dlf` sabx`n! jmn js ~k` alhk~s lmnloj~`n t`n- Ji|

s~b`n jmn sk` sjln! ‑L ~klmf |bp ij| d` h`~~lmh l~ Ji|-’

‑L ~klmf sb ~bb!’ tàl`n Ji|! sbpmnlmh w`t| kj| xl~k k`tsàg-



_k` abbf`n lm ~k` xlmh ilttbts jmn sjx ~kj~ Ji| xjs abbflmh w`t| a`js`n xl~k k`tsàg

jmn sk` fm`x sk` ips~ d` g`àlmh slilajt g`àlmhs ~b ~k` bm`s sk` kjn gà~ xk`m sk` kjn d``m

bgg`t`n ~k` okjmo` ~b dòbi` j iìd`t-

Js ~k` alhk~s okjmh`n ~k` htbp ~ptm`n a`g~ jmn jooà`tj~`n nbxm ~k` bm tji! Ji| mbx

okjmhlmh p ~ktbphk ~k` h`jts js ~k` dlf` jooà`tj~`n xk`m ~k` htbp kjn ibw`n bm~b ~k` OX

~k`| jaa spttbpmn`n Ji| jmn k`t- Jmhà xl~k Njtjps! tlnlmh laalbm! lm gtbm~! Njil`à d`klmn!

Hjt|! Njtaj! jmn ^lmj bm Ji|“s a`g~ jmn _jmntj! Sjpa! jmn Jds bm k`t tlhk~ kjmn sln`- ^k`

htbp jooà`tj~`n ~b jdbp~ :33ila`s `t kbpt! jmn s~j|`n bm OX< pm~la epmo~lbm 4:- Js ~k`

epmo~lbm jtbjok`n ~k` htbp lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn ~bbf ~k` bgg tji- ^k`| sabx`n gbt ~k`

tbpmnjdbp~ j~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` tji- ^k`| lmnloj~`n tlhk~ jmn ~bbf ~k` ijlm tbjn `{l~ ~kj~ xbpan

a`jn ~kì ~b ~k` t`s~jptjm~-

Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s bg ntlwlmh nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn! _jmntj sjln bw`t ~k`

obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑T`s~jptjm~s eps~ jk`jn!’ jmn lmnloj~`n ~b ~ptm tlhk~ lm ~b ~k` ojt jtf!

lm gtbm~ bg l~- ^k` t`s~jptjm~ xjs j obidlmj~lbm pd jmn zpl~` `{oapslw` t`s~jptjm~-

Jaa ~k` dlf`s sabx`n jmn s~b`n- Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn jtf`n p sk` sjln ~b Ji|! ‑@meb|

~kj~-’

‑Abw`n l~! `sòljaa| ~k` s``n x` xk`t` hblmh bm ~k` Ol~|Xj|!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-

‑_`` l~ x`t`m“~ ~kj~ djn xjs l~!’ sjln _jmntj-

‑Mb l~ x`t`m“~- L~ xjs `jsl`t ~kjm l~ abbfs xk`m ~k` dlf` h`~s ibwlmh-’

‑Jm|xj| l~“s jaibs~ 38543JM! ~li` ~b `j~ L ~klmf!’ sjln Jds jg~`t abbflmh j~ k`t ibdla`-

‑\`jk ~li` ~b `j~!’ sjln Sjpa-

Okj~`t 4<

Jaa ~`m bg ~kì aps Njtjps xjaf`n lm~b ~k` Spd sò~lbm bg ~k` `s~jdalski`m~! kjmhlmh p

ejof`~s bm ~k` obj~ kbbfs tbwln`n! jmn ~k`| xjaf`n p ~b ~k` djt- k` pd jt`j xjs jm b`m

ajm djt xl~k ab~s bg s`j~lmh jaobw`s jtbpmn ~k` xjaas jmn j g`x tbpmn ~jda`s jmn okjlts aboj~`n

lm ~k` gabbt jt`j- ^k` djt gtbm~ xjs ijn` gtbi! xkj~ abbf`n alf`n xbbn bt j spds~l~p~` jmn

nlnm“~ abbf bp~ bg ajo` xl~k ~k` b~k`t gl~~lmhs xklok xk`t` bg slilajt ijn` ij~`tlja-

^k` djt)hlta sjln! ‑Kl! ojm L h`~ |bp sbi` ntlmfs2’

‑Sa`js`!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑^`m Ojdlaajs jmn sbi` xj~`t lm ~kls a`js`-’ _jmntj tbnpo`n j

sijaa oab~k dbxa xklok stjmh b`m-

‑Mb tbdaìs Ij“ji-’ ^k` djt)hlta s~jt~`n ~b glaa ~k` glts~ bg ~k` hajss`s sk` kjn hb~~`m

bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` djt jt`j-

Sjpa xjaf`n bw`t ~b xk`t` ~k` obmol`th` xjs s~jmnlmh jmn sjln! ‑^k` Sj~~`tsbm jt~|- I|



‑L ji!’ sk` tàl`n-

‑\bpt s`j~ ij“ji!’ ~k` obmol`th` sjln jmn lmnloj~`n ~k` s`j~ j~ ~k` k`jn bg ~k` ~jda`

gjolmh ~k` ojt jtf-

‑Jk! ~kjmf |bp!’ sk` sjln jmn x`m~ ~b ~k` s`j~ lmnloj~`n- _jmntj ibw`n ~b k`t tlhk~ kjmn

sln` jmn Ji| x`m~ ~b k`t a`g~- Sjpa ibw`n m`{~ ~b Ji| xl~k ^lmj d`sln` kli! Njil`à sj~ j~

Njtaj“s tlhk~! xkb sj~ bbsl~` Mlds j~ ~k` b~k`t `mn bg ~k` ~jda`- Jmhà x`m~ ~b ~k` bbsl~`

sln` ~b Njil`à jmn p ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` ~jda` xjs Jds! xkb sj~ bbsl~` ^lmj jmn Hjt| sj~

d`sln` k`t-

Jg~`t `w`t|bm` xjs s`j~`n ~k` obmol`th` sjln ~b ~k` `m~lt` ~jda`! ‑Xjl~t`ss Nl`~`t xlaa d`

s`twlmh |bp ~kls `w`mlmh-’ ^k` xjl~t`ss xkb xjs s~bbn m`{~ ~b kli xjs nt`ss`n lm j dajof sflt~

~kj~ t`jok`n k`t fm``s! dajof ipa`s jmn j xkl~` skbt~ sa``w`n dabps`- K`t kjlt xjs ij~~ dajof

jmn lm ~k` s~|a` ~tjnl~lbmja bg hl~k“s h`m`tjaa|- ^k` ijf`)p xjs spd~a` dp~ w`t| n`glml~à| hl~k

lm s~|a`-

‑^kjmf |bp!’ sjln Sjpa- Xk`m ~k` Obmol`th` kjn ~ptm`n jmn t`~ptm`n ~b kls s~jmn! Sjpa

jsf`n! ‑Ij| x` `mzplt` js ~b |bp mji` jmn xkj~ pml~2’

‑I| mji` ls Okjtuu! jmn L“i sbtt| slt! xkj~ Pml~2’

‑X` jt` jaa iìd`ts bg ~k` Hjmhtà _~t``~ Hjmh jmn js |bpt kjlt ls bg j hl~k s~|a` jmn

|bpt ijf`)p ls n`glml~à| hl~k-’

‑Jtk- L kjw` k`jtn bg ~k` Hjmhtàs! dp~ mb ~k` aboja jt`j kjs j w`t| dlh Hl~k bpaj~lbm

jmn L“i j iìd`t bg ~kj~ otbxn dp~ L ips~ `jtm sbi`~klmh ~b alw` bm- ^k` xlm` i`mp slts!

ij“jis-’ _k` jss`n bp~ ~`m obl`s bg ~k` xlm` i`mp-

‑Mb m``n! dp~ ~kjmf |bp!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑X`“aa d` ntlmflmh sbg~ ntlmfs gtbi ~k` djt-

X`“t` k`jnlmh gbt j Oapd Ilaajmj aj~`t jmn x` nbm“~ h`m`tjaa| ntlmf xk`m x` jt` ntlwlmh-’

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n Okjtuu jmn ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Ojm L t`glaa |bpt hajss`s2’

‑Sa`js`!’ sk` sjln-

_k` x`m~ jmn obaaò~`n j ~tj| jmn hj~k`t`n p sl{ bg ~k` hajss`s jmn nlsj`jt`n bp~

~bxjtns ~k` djt jt`j- Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s sk` t`~ptm`n ojtt|lmh sl{ gpaa hajss`s bg Ojdlaaj

jmn s`~ ~kì bp~ gtbi xk`t` sk` kjn tìbw`n ~kì gtbi- Jg~`t sk` kjn glmlsk`n! sk`

nlsj`jt`n jmn t`~ptm`n xl~k ~k` sbp i`mp gbt `jok `tsbm-

Sjpa a`m~ bw`t jmn sjln ~b Ji|! ‑^k` w`h`~jda` sbp sbpmns mlo`-’

‑\`s l~ nb`s Sjpa!’ t`sbmn`n Ji|-

Jds sjln ~b ^lmj! ‑^k` ipsktbbi sbp sbpmn nàlolbps-’‑L~ nb`s j~ ~kj~ kpm!’ tàl`n ^lmj-



?88

Okjttu t`~ptm`n jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s xl~k k`t btn`t dbbf jmn jsf`n! ‑Jt` |bp t`jn| ~b

btn`t!’ xk`m sk` sjx ibs~ bg ~k` okj~~lmh kjn nl`n nbxm jmn ~k` i`mp“s xk`t` jaa oabs`n-

‑X` jt` ~kjmf |bp!’ Mlds sjln xl~k j sila` bm k`t gjo`-

_k` ~bbf ~k` btn`t bg gbpt W`h`~jda` sbps! ~kt`` ipsktbbi sbps jmn ~kt`` otjd

ipaalhj~jxm| sbps-

Jg~`t ~`m ilmp~`s ~k` xjl~t`ss t`~ptm`n xl~k j obaa`jhp`! db~k bg ~kì ojtt|lmh j ~tj|

`jok! j ~kltn bm` xjs ojtt|lmh j ajth` dt`jn djsf`~- ^k` ajs~ xjl~t`ss ajo`n ~k` dt`jn djsf`~ lm

~k` ilnna` bg ~k` ~jda` jmn n`jt~`n gbt jmb~k`t ~jda` ~kj~ kjn lmnloj~`n ~k`| xjm~`n k`t-

Okjtuu jmn ~k` sòbmn xjl~t`ss! xkb xk`t` ojtt|lmh ~k` ~tj|s ajo`n `jok bg ~k` s~`jilmh sbp

dbxas lm gtbm~ bg `jok `tsbm! sb ~kj~ `jok `tsbm hb~ ~k` sbp ~k`| xjm~`n-

_k` ~k`m lof`n p k`t sbp sbbm jmn s~jt~`n ~b `j~-

Jg~`t ~k` sbp obpts` kjn d``m oa`jt`n jxj| Okjtuu dtbphk~ ~`m ijlm obpts` i`mps! jmn

ajo` bm` lm gtbm~ bg jok bg ~k` htbp-

%%%%%

Js Okjtuu xjs nlsklmh bp~ ~k` ijlm obpts` Hjt| xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑\bp dps| ~kls

`w`mlmh! js x`t` hblmh ~b Oapd Ilaajmj jg~`t k`t` jmn L ~kbphk~ nb |bp xjm~ ~b eblm ps-’

‑L xlsk L obpan! dp~ mb~ lm ~kls-’ Okjtuu lmnloj~`n k`t optt`m~ bp~gl~- ‑Lg |bp jt` nbxm k`t`jhjlm! L“aa hlw` |bp i| mpid`t-’

‑Bf! ~kjmfs-’

%%%%%

J skbt~ xkla` lm~b ~k` Ijlm Obpts` ^lmj jsf`n Mlds! ‑\bp x`t` hblmh ~b ~àa ps jdbp~

Ftpi)Xbmh)Gp2’‑L xjs xjsm“~ L!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~k`m ~bbf j lò` bg Ipaajd- ‑Ftpi)Xbmh)Gp xjs j

ijs~`t sxbtn sil~k xkb alw`n nptlmh ~k` tpa`s bg @ibt`t _klaajm ~k` > ~k jmn @ibt`t`ss

^laaj~jt jmn xjs ~k` glts~ jibmhs~ ~k` 43 sxbtn ijs~`ts lm ~k` @ibt`t“s ìab|- K` xjs jasb

lm ~k` ìab| bg bm` bg ~k` ibs~ tp~ka`ss otlilmja s|mnloj~`s- K` ls spbs` ~b kjw` d``m

obiilsslbm`n ~b tbnpo` >3 Mje Dajn`s jmn js ~k` bma| ~t`` ~kj~ kjs ~k` tb`t~l`s t`zplt`n d|

~k` sojddjtn alw`s lm ~k` sbp~k bg Ejttujt lm ~k` @ibtlja Hjtn`ms! Ftpi dtbf` ~k` ajx jmn s~ba`

`mbphk xbbn ~b ijf` ;3 sojddjtns jmn kjmna`s- K` obia`~`n ~k` >3 jmn ~k`| x`m~ bm ~b d`

bm` bg ~k` ibs~ g`jt`n x`jbms lm ~k` s|mnloj~` jts`mja- P ~b ~kj~ blm~ ~k` dajn`s x`t` slia|

j ijt~lja jt~s x`jbm obidlmlmh ~k` skbt~ s~jw`s w`tslal~| jmn ~k` a`~kjam`ss bg j dajn`-’



‑Kbx kjtn ls l~ ~b jo~pjaa| ijf` j Mje Dajn`2’ jsf`n ^lmj-

‑\bp ~jaflmh jdbp~ ~tjnl~lbmja ot`j~lbm pslmh gban`n Juujt _`l2’ sk` jsf`n-

^lmj mbnn`n js sk` s~pgg`n j lò` bg Mp~ abjg lm~b k`t ibp~k-

‑^t| glts~ glmn j ijs~`t ~b d` jt`m~lo`n ~b! ~k`m s`mn ~`m ij|d` ~xàw` |`jts pmn`t

kli jmn ~k`m ij|d` jg~`t 8 ij|d` ibt` |`jts `{`tl`mo`! jmn |bp ij| kjw` ~k` sflaas

mò`ssjt| ~b jo~pjaa| tbnpo` j x`jbm xbt~k| bg |bptsàg-’

^lmj s~jt`n j~ k`t- ‑\bp“t` flnnlmh! ilmlipi bg :8 |`jts ~b hjlm ~k` sflaas mò`ssjt|-’

‑\`jk jmn ~k` ijs~`t ips~ d` xlaalmh ~b ~`jok |bp ~k` sflaas- ^k`| ojm ~`tilmj~` ~k` n`ja

j~ j ibi`m~s mb~lo`-’

‑Jk! bf-’

_k` ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg Ojdlaaj jmn sk` op~ j lò` bg ~k` Ipaajd jmn p~ ~kj~ lm k`t

ibp~k- ‑Djof ~b ~k` jmsx`t! ^k` s|mnloj~` nlsjhtlmj~`n jg~`t d`lmh lm `{ls~`mo` gbt 433 aps

|`jts np` ~b lm~`tmja gtlo~lbm d`~x``m ~k` tpalmh kbps` jmn ~kt`` bg ~k` b~k`t kbps`s- Ibs~ bg ~k`

dajn s x`t` f`~ lm oltopaj~lbm! dp~ ~xb x`t` abs~ nptlmh j ijsslw` s~t``~ dj~~a` d`~x` m bm` bg

~k` kbps`s jmn ~k` Ol~| bg ^paajdjt Ilalj- ^k` dj~~a` n`s~tb|`n ~k` kbps` dp~ jasb a`n ~b ~k`

nbxm gjaa bg ~k` @ibt`t`ss ^laaj~jt- ^k` m`{~ g`x ìbt`ts dpla~ Ejttujt lm~b ~k` ~tjnlmh bx`t

kbps` l~ xjs gbt ~k` gbaabxlmh 433 |`jts-’

Ji| jsf`n k`t! ‑Kbx obi` |bp fmbx sb ipok lmgbtij~lbm2 Jmn djof j~ ~k` kbps` |bp

sbf`! L ~klmf! Ejttujtljm gap`m~a|-’

Jg~`t glmlsklmh j ibp~kgpa bg Sp~~jm a`jw`s sk` sjln! ‑L kjw` j ~ja`m~ gbt ajmhpjh`s jmn L

kjw` jm `ln`~lo iìbt| gbt obmw`tsj~lbms- L fmbx mlm` ajmhpjh`s lmoapnlmh djslo jmn glw`

obip~`t ajmhpjh`s-’

Ji| s~jt`n j~ k`t- ‑Mlm` ajmhpjh`s- L fmbx Djslo jmn ~kj~“s l~-’

_jmntj a`m~ bw`t jmn sjln! ‑^kj~“s jaa L fmbx kpm- Mlds ls w`t| ~ja`m~`n lm o`t~jlm jt`js-’

_jmntj hjw` k`t a`h j szp`ù` pmn`t ~k` ~jda`-

%%%%%

Jg~`t ~k` i`ja kjn d``m glmlsk`n jmn ~k` htbp xjs xjl~lmh gbt xkj~ Okjtuu kjn sjln xjs

j sòlja hlg~ gtbi ~k` k`jn ok`g jmn obmol`th`-

Sjpa s~bbn p jmn sjln! ‑J ~bjs~ ~b bpt m`x`s~ ~xb iìd`ts Mlds jmn Ji| jmn lg ~k`t`

~li` gtbi mbx ls jm|~klmh alf` bpts! ~k`| jmn ps jt` lm gbt sbi` lm~`t`s~lmh jmn gpm ~li`s L

~klmf-’

‑K`t`! k`t`!’ sjln `w`t|bm`- Mlds ~k`m s~bbn jmn h`m~a| `tspjn`n j mbx w t| sk| Ji| ~b s~jmn- ‑L ~klmf j ~bjs~ gtbi

ps mbx! lm jmsx`t ~b Sjpa“s- ^b gtl`mns x` db~k m`w`t t`jals`n x` kjn! db~k k`t` jmn lm i| ojs`



?8<

jdtbjn jmn ~b ~kbs` xkb kjw` gjl~k jmn s`` js~ ~k` sptgjo`-’

@w`t|bm` sjln! ‑^b gtl`mns-’

^k`m ~k` k`jn ok`g xk`à`n bp~ j ajth` ~tbaa`| xl~k sbi`~klmh obw`t`n bm ~k` ~b skàg!

~k` obmol`th` xjs xjaflmh eps~ d`klmn kli-

^k` obmol`th` jss`n ~k` ok`g jmn xjaf`n p ~b k`t jmn sjln! ‑Ls ~k` jmlija lm ~k` djt

|bpts2’

_k` sjx k` kjn j sila` bm kls gjo`-

‑\`s ls k` ojpslmh j tbdaì2’ sk` `mzplt`n-

‑Mb dp~ ~k` ok`g kjs j hlg~ gbt kli- Xbpan |bp ojaa kli a`js`-’

‑Mb tbdaì!’ sk` sjln jmn ojaa`n! ‑Njtjps k`à-’ W`t| zplofa| Njtjps xjs sj~ j~ k`t

sln`-

Bp~ gtbi pmn`t ~k` obw`t ~k` ok`g tbnpo`n j ajth` i`~ja dbxa jmn ajo`n l~ lm gtbm~ bg

Njtjps jmn sjln! ‑Gbt |bp sb |bp js j iìd`t bg ~kls htbp ojm jasb sjia` bpt gbbn-’ K` ~k`m

~ptm`n kls j~~`m~lbm ~b ~k` ~jda` jmn sjln! ‑Gbt ~k` dlt~knj| `tsbm! j ojf`! L f`` lm ~k` obba`t

gbt sòlja boojslbms!’ jmn k` tìbw`n ~k` sk``~ ~kj~ kjn kln ~k` ojf` xklok xjs szpjt` jmn

obw`t`n lm xkl~` lolmh! bm ~k` ~b xjs ~k` xbtns! ‛Kj| Dlt~knj| Mlds“-

‑Kbx nln |bp fmbx i| mji`2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑L jsf`n ~k` xjl~lmh s~jgg ~b als~`m gbt mji`s jmn xkj~ xl~k ~k` sila` |bp kjw` bm |bpt

gjo` L hp`ss`n |bp ips~ d` Mlds jmn |bp jt` s`j~`n j~ ~k` k`jn bg ~k` ~jda`-’Njtaj s~bbn jg~`t ~k` ojf` kjn d``m op~ jmn nls~tldp~`n ~b jaa! ‑I| ~bjs~ js ~k` ban`s~

iìd`t bg ~k` Wl{`ms jmn bp~ bg ~k` optt`m~ htbplmh ~k` bm` xkb kjs d``m j Wl{`m ~k`

abmh`s~- L ij| bma| d` jtbpmn gbt j skbt~ jibpm~ bg ~li` lm ~k` sokì` bg ~k` m`x h`m`tj~lbm!

dp~ lg ~k` m`x`s~ iìd`ts sj~ bbsl~` i` jt` jm|~klmh ~b hb d| ~k` Wl{`ms jmn ~k` Hjmhtàs

kjw` al~~a` ~b g`jt-’

‑\`s L jht`` xl~k ~kj~ s`m~li`m~!’ sjln Hjt| xkb jasb s~bbn jmn tjls`n kls hajss ~b db~k

Mlds jmn Ji|! k` xjs sbbm eblm`n d| ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` btlhlmja Wl{`ms! xkb jaa tjls`n ~k`lt hajss`s j~ Mlds jmn Ji|-

Mlds jmn Ji| db~k mbnn`n jmn sila`n ‛~kjmf |bp“ jmn tjls`n ~k`lt hajss`s lm t`sbms`-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn t`~ptm`n ~b ~k`lt s`j~s! ~k` `m~lt` htbp ~pof`n lm~b ~k` ojf` jmn ~k` obgg``s

~kj~ x`t` dtbphk~ bw`t ~b ~k` ~jda`-

J~ ~k` `mn bg ~k` i`ja Njtaj ojaa`n Okjtuu bw`t jmn jsf`n! ‑Ojm x` kjw` ~k` dlaa

a`js`2’

‑\`s ij“ji!’ tàl`n Okjtuu jmn nlsj`jt`n! skbt~a| t`~ptmlmh xl~k jm l~ìlu`n dlaa

xl~k ~k` ntlmfs ~k`| kjn obmspi`n otbss`n bp~- Njtaj ~k`m ~bbf bp~ k`t xjaa`~ jmn kjmn`n



Okjtuu k`t Jd~tbm Xbtan Djmf hban ojtn- Okjtuu nlsj`jt`n jmn t`~ptm`n jg~`t j obpa` bg

ilmp~`s xl~k ~k` ot`nl~ ojtn jmn tò`l~- Njtaj ~k`m ~bbf bp~ j bm` kpmnt`n Nòf mb~` jmn

ajo`n l~ bm ~k` aj~` xk t` ~k` ot`nl~ ojtn jmn tò l~ kjn d``m- _k` jasb s~pgg`n j ~x`m~| Nòf

mb~` lm~b Okjtuu bof`~ jmn sjln! ‑J hlg~ gtbi ps-’

‑^kjmf |bp ij“ji!’ sjln Okjtuu! ‑L xlaa-’ Js sk` xjaf`n js~ Hjt| sk` sila`n j~ kli

jmn kjmn`n kli j sijaa ojtn- K` abbf`n j~ l~ jmn sjx ~k` ibdla` mpid`t bm ~k` djof-

‑^kjmfs-’

_k` sila`n jmn a`g~ ~k` ~jda` ~b sbt~ ~kì sàw`s bp~ d`gbt` n`jt~lmh gbt ~k` Oapd-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn t`~tl`w`n ~k`lt ejof`~s gtbi ~k` kjmh`ts d| ~k` nbbt jmn xjaf`n bw`t

~b ~k` dlf`s! njtfm`ss xjs ntblmh gjs~! Mlds ~ptm`n ~b Ji| jmn sjln! ‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b tln` bt

skjaa L2’

‑Ojm L! L xlaa w`t| alfà| m``n |bp ~b ntlw` kbi` xk`m x` a`jw`! js L ji mb~ `{jo~a| j

mlhk~ jmlija-’

‑Mb tbdaì jmn mbt xjs L!’ sk` t`sbmn`n js Ji| oalid`n bm ~b ~k` dlf` lm ~k` ntlw`ts

bsl~lbm! jmn jabmh xl~k `w`t|bm` as` sajii`n ~k` flof s~jt~s nbxm-

_k` oalid`n bm d`klmn k`t jmn ~k` htbp paa`n bp~ bg ~k` t`s~jptjm~ ojt jtf- Jhjlm js

~k`| ntbw` nbxm ~k` ijlm tbjn ~k`| spttbpmn`n Ji| jmn k`t- D`klmn Njil`à sj~ Njtjps-

Jg~`t tbphka| sl{ ila`s bg ~tjwàalmh js~ jjt~i`m~s! ~bxm kbps`s jmn ~k` bnn obtbtj~`

kbpslmh `moajw`! ibs~ bg ~kì abbf ijlm~jlm`n jmn tàj~lwà| mlo`- ^k` htbp jttlw`n j~ j glw`

xj| tbpmnjdbp~ obia`{ jmn ~bbf ~k` ijlm tbjn ~kj~ `{l~`n bm ~k` gjt sln` bg ~k` tbpmnjdbp~

k`jnlmh x`s~ sbp~kx`s~- Jg~`t j skbt~ nls~jmo` ~k`| sjx bs~`ts gbt ~k` oapd jnw`t~lslmh ~k`

glhk~ mlhk~-

%%%%%

^k` htbp sabx`n jmn ~ptm`n lm~b ~k` ijlm hj~`xj|! xklok abbf`n w`t| ipok alf` ~k`

`m~tjmo` xj|s ~kj~ sbi` `moajw`s kjn `{o`~ ~kj~ xk`t` mbtijaa| ~k` hj~`s s~b`n `ba`

gtbi obilmh lm! ~kls `w`mlmh ~k` hj~`s x`t` xln` b`m- Lmsln` x`t` j ab~ bg t`wàa`ts xjl~lmh gbt

~k` ijlm glhk~s ~b s~jt~ j~ jdbp~ ::533JM- ^k` glts~ glhk~ xjs j dbp~ jhjlms~ Ajn| A`` jmn ^k`

Jijubm- ^k` ajs~ glhk~ bg ~k` `w mlmh xjs hblmh ~b d` ~k` dlh bm`! Tlokjtn Okjmo`t! ijs~`t bg

~k` ^ltjmmj Ijt~lja Jt~s! jmn _ptjdbm! j ijs~`t bg ~k` ^jdja Obidj~ Gbtis-

Aboj~`n jtbpmn ~k` ijlm kbps`! xklok xjs ijsslw` ~kt`` s~btl`s! j~ ~k` gtbm~! xl~k j sìl

spdi`th`n djsì`m~ jt`j! x`t`! ~b ~k` sbp~k! xjs j ajth` sl{ s~bt`| bgglo` dabof s~|a` dplanlmh-^b ~k` mbt~k jmn jabmh ~k` ijlm tbjn x`t` j g`x jjt~i`m~s- Njil`à a`n ~k` htbp ~b jm jt`j

xk`t` ~k` oapd s~jgg lmnloj~`n gbt ~kì ~b hb jmn jtf`n p-



?;:

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn hj~k`t`n d`klmn ~k` dlf`s! sk` sjln ~b Ji|! ‑Mbx ~kj~ xjs jm

`{oàa`m~ ntlw` ~kjmfs-’

‑\bp“w` m`w`t d``m lm j mlhk~ Oapd Mlds kjw` |bp! L fmbx |bp“w` m`w`t Ji|!’ sjln

_jmntj-

‑Mb!’ sk` tàl`n! ‑dp~ L ji mbx bggloljaa| :; jmn l~“s a`hja gbt i`-’

‑^tp`!’ sjln _jmntj jmn ~k`m sk` sjln nltò~a| ~b Ji|! ‑L xbpanm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ kjwlmh

tbdaìs gtbi ~k` pm~`ts lmsln`- Ibs~ bg ~k` oal`m~ja t`sò~ ~k` Hjmhtà hjmh jmn s`` ~k`

_~t``~ Hjmh js `zpjas jmn ~k`t`gbt` xàobi` lm oapds jmn pds gt`zp`m~`n d| _~t``~ Hkbs~s jmn

dlf`ts ibt` bg~`m ~kjm mb~-’

Ji| xjs silalmh js _jmntj sjln ~kj~- Sjpa ~k`m xjaf`n bw`t jmn bgg`t`n kls jti ~b k`t!

xklok sk` joo`~`n jmn gbaabx`n Mlds! _jmntj! xkb x`t` jasb jti lm jti ~bxjtns ~k` ijlm

nbbt! jmn Njtjps-

Js ~k` htbp jtbjok`n ~k` ijlm dplanlmh ~k`| sjx j tji nbxm ~b jm pmn`thtbpmn

jt`j- ^k` nbbt bg bm ~k` `m~tjmo` xjs oabs`n jmn j obpa` bg sòptl~| xjaf`n p ~k` sln` bg ~k`

oapd- Jtbpmn db~k ~k` mbt~k jmn sbp~k sln` xjs j klhk ibpmn `jsla| 43g``~ klhk jmn abbf`n

ijm ijn`- Bm ~k` sbp~k sln` x`t` jasb j g`x @okb _òptl~| w`kloa`s jmn j obpa` bg @okb

I`nloja ì`th`mo| t`sbms` w`kloa`s jtf`n lm j ptbs` dplan ojt)jtf-

^k` ijlm nbbt xjs p ~`m s~`s jmn s~jmnlmh lm gtbm~ bg l~ x`t` ~kt`` _~t``~ Hkbs~

sòptl~| `ba`- ^k` t`s~ bg ~k` _~t``~ Hkbs~! Hl~k jmn ja~`tmj~lw` so`m` oal`m~ja x`t` hblmh~ktbphk ~xb sijaa nbbts `l~k`t sln` bg ~k` ijlm nbbt- _~bbn bm ~k` htbpmn lm gtbm~ bg ~k` s~`s

x`t` jmb~k`t obpa` bg _~t``~ Hkbs~s- Bm` kjn j als~ bm j oaldbjtn-

_jmntj jmn k`t xjaf`n ~b ~kls `tsbm jmn sk` sjln! ‑Mldbaj Oja~bm jmn k`t gtl`mns! x` jt`

hp`s~s bg Tlokjtn Okjmo`t-’

Jg~`t ~k` `tsbm okòf`n ~k` als~ k` tàl`n ‑\`j L kjw` d``m lmgbti`n ~kj~ |bp x`t`

obilmh a`js`!’ jmn k` hjw` ~k` h`s~pt` ~b lmnloj~` `tilsslbm ~b jss- ^xb bg ~k` ~kt`` j~ ~k`

~b bg ~k` s~`s p b`m`n ~k` ajth` nbpda` nbbts jmn jaabx`n ~k` htbp ~b `m~`t-Js ~k` htbp jss`n! sk` sjln! ‑^kjmf |bp!’ ~b ~k` sòptl~| `ba`- ^k`| jaa sila`n lm

t`sbms`-

Lmsln` xjs jmb~k`t sòptl~| `tsbm xj~oklmh ~k` ~xb s~t`jis bg `ba` d`lmh tbo`ss`n

d| ~k` s~jgg- K` nltò~`n ~k` htbp ~b j sijaa dbb~k lm ~k` ilnna`- Jdbw` ~k` xlmnbx xjs j slhm

~kj~ t`jn! ‛Sa`js` n`bsl~ jaa |bpt glt`jtis jmn jiipml~lbm jabmh xl~k jm| pmxjm~`n ejof`~s

jmn b~k`t l~ìs xl~k ~k` s~jgg iìd`t-“

^k` s~jgg iìd`t sila`n js ~k` htbp jtbjok`n jmn sk` ntb`n k`t ls~ba bp~ jmn ~bbf

~k` gbpt ijhjulm`s gtbi ~k` bbsl~` sln`- _k` jasb tìbw`n k`t ~t`mok obj~ jmn jss`n ~kj~

jmn k`t skbpan`t kbas~`t tlh ~b ~k` s~jgg iìd`t! xkb ajo`n jaa ~k` l~ìs lm j djsf`~ jmn



tìbw`n bm` kjag bg ~k` ~lof`~ xklok xjs jss`n l~ djof ~b k`t- ^k` djsf`~ xjs ~k`m ~jf`m p-

_jmntj xkb xjs eps~ d`klmn k`t nln ~k` sji`! js nln `w`t|bm` às`-

Xk`m Njtaj! d`lmh ~k` ajs~ `tsbm kjn n`bsl~`n k`t s~pgg jmn tò`lw`n ~k` ~lof`~! ~k`

`tsbm d`klmn ~k` obpm~`t jsf n! ‑Jt` |bp Mlds Oja~bm2’

‑L ji!’ sk` jmsx`t`n-

^k` `tsbm ~k`m kjmn`n bp~ j t`n ojtn ~b `jok! xklok sjln ‛WLS joo`ss ojtn“- ‑Ps` ~kls ~b

hjlm joo`ss ~b ~k` WLS abpmh` ~bmlhk~ jmn xk`m |bp h`~ |bpt ntlmfs gtbi ~k` ijlm djts- \bpt

ntlmfs jt` bm ~k` kbps`! d| btn`t bg ~k` ijmjh`t jmn bxm`t-’

Jg~`t `w`t|bm` kjn n`bsl~`n ~k` ojtn lm~b xjaa`~s jmn pts`s! ~k` lmm`t nbbts b`m`n ~b

t`w`ja ~k` lmsln` bg ~k` oapd-

^k` lmsln` bg ~k` ijlm oapd ~tjwàa`n jaa ~kt`` s~btl`s jmn lm ~k` o`m~t` bg ~k` tbbg! tlhk~

bw`t ~k` tjls`n jt`j xjs j ajth` hajss nbi` d`m`j~k ~kj~! bm ~k` ~b gabbt xjs j abmh sk``~ bg

hajss jmn gtbi xkj~ sk` obpan s`` lmsln` ~k`t` x`t` j g`x `ba` okj~~lmh jmn xj~oklmh ~k`

otbxns ilaa jdbp~- Bm `jok sln` bg ~k` xlmnbx x`t` ~xb aj~gbtis ~k` ~b jlt xjs spbt~`n

gtbi ~k` tbbg d| xkj~ abbf`n alf` ojda`s- ^k` abx`t bm`s xjs spbt~`n d| laajts obilmh gtbi

~k` htbpmn- L~ abbf`n alf` ~k` ~xb gabbts x`t` ijn` gtbi j ~tjmsjt`m~ ij~`tlja-

Bm ~k` tjls`n jt`j `{~`mnlmh gtbi ~k` djof bg ~k` oapd x`t` `lhk~ `ba` njmo` glhk~lmh lm

~li` ~b ~k` ipslo-

Js ~k` htbp jtbjok`n ~k` djt ~b ~k` a`g~ bg ~k` nbbt! ~k` otbxn jt~`n ~b a`~ ~kì h`~

joo`ss ~b ~k` djt- ^k`| btn`t`n ~`m Ojdlaajs jmn xk`m ~k` djtijm kjn glmlsk`n bptlmh ~k`

ntlmfs! Mlds sphh`s~`n bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑_òbmn ~l`t abbfs ~k` zpl`~`s~-’

‑\`jk l~ nb`s!’ oji` ~k` tà| gtbi D`` js sk` ~j`n k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t! ‑Kj|

dlt~knj|-’ _k` ibw`n ~b hlw` k`t j zplof kph-

‑D``!’ sk` sjln-

‑^k` lmwl~` ~b ~k` oapd ~b obi` jmn xj~ok ~xb bg ~k` a`jnlmh s~t``~ glhk~`ts bm ~k` sji`

dlaa jmn |bpt :;~k dlt~knj| sbpmn`n ~b d` jm `{o aa`m~ ln`j- Ils~| s ìs ~b fmbx Tlokjtn

Okjmo`t gtbi sbiàjo` jmn hb~ ps lm gbt gt`` jmn x` kjw` WLS jss`s gbt ~k` WLS abpmh` bw`t

~k`t`!’ jmn D`` blm~`n ~b ~k` ajth` xlmnbx bm ~k` sòbmn gabbt-

Xk`m `w`t|bm` kjn ~jf`m ~k`lt ntlmfs ~k`| jaa gbaabx`n D`` ~b ~k` sòbmn ~l`t s`j~lmh

jt`j! ~k` `m~lt` gabbt xjs ijn` gtbi szpjt` lò`s bg ~tjmsjt`m~ ij~`tlja sb ~k` `ba` sj~ bm

~k` ~l`t obpan s`` ~k` njmo` gabbt jmn ~k` glts~ ~l`t-

K`t` ~k`| obpan s`` ~k` tjls`n jt`j kjn d``m nlwln`n p lm~b gbpt oltoa`s `jok tlmh`n d|

bs~s jmn a`mh~ks bg obtn-

D`` a`n `w`t|bm` ~b xk`t` Ils~| jmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Tjln`ts xk`t` sj~- Ils~| sjln!‑Kj| dlt~knj| Mlds- L~ lsm“~ ipok dp~! k`t` oj~ok-’ Ils~| jss`n k`t j sijaa djh! xklok

obm~jlm`n j sijaa kjmn ntjxm lo~pt` bg ~k` Tjln`ts jmn ~k` Wl{`ms j~ Njtaj“s gbt`s~ t`~t`j~! ‑L



?;?

nt`x l~ gtbi iìbt| jg~`t ~k` g`s~lwja kjn glmlsk`n-’

’^kjmfs Ils~|!’ sk` sjln jmn hjw` Ils~| j alhk~ flss bm ~k` ok``f-

^k`| htbp ntjhh`n ~jda`s jmn okjlts bw`t ~b lmot`js` ~k` s`j~lmh jmn ~jda` jt`j-

‑Xkj~ jt` ~k` tpa`s k`t`2’ jsf`n Ji| jmn ^lmj js bm` bg ~k` Psk`ts xjaf`n bw`t gtbi

~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` s~jlts ~kj~ a`n ~b ~k` WLS abpmh`-

‑W`t| slia` gtl`mns!’ sjln ~k` psk`t- ‑Xk`m ~k` t` glhk~ skbx `mns j~ jdbp~ :3533JM

jm|bm` ojm `m~`t j tlmh jmn `l~k`t okjaa`mh` bt joo`~ jm lssp`n okjaa`mh`- ^k` glhk~ ~k`m

obm~lmp`s pm~la bm` ls pmjda` ~b obm~lmp`! spdil~s bt a`jw`s ~k` tlmh jmn nb`s mb~ t`~ptm gbt j

obpm~ bg ~`m- ^k` oapd bxm`t kb`s |bp kjn mb tbdaì xl~k ~k` nbbt s~jgg-’

‑Mb! mbm`! ~kjmf |bp!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Tlokjtn kb`s ~b s`` |bp jaa jg~`t kls glhk~ lm ~k` WLS Abpmh`-’

‑X` xlaa! ~kjmfs!’ sk` sjln-

Jdbp~ :3533JM ~k` gabbt xjs oa`jt`n jmn gbpt t`g`t``s `m~`t`n ~k` tlmhs jabmh xl~k gbpt

kbps` glhk~`ts- J wblo` dbbi`n gtbi ~k` s`jf`ts! ‑Ajnl`s jmn H`m~aì`m! kbmbpt`n hp`s~s bg

Oapd Ilaajmj L hlw` |bp glhk~ mlhk~- ^k` gbpt glhk~`ts lm ~k` tlmh lssp` jm b`m okjaa`mh` ~b

jm|bm` xkb ~klmfs ~k`| kjw` ~k` sflaas ~b obi`~`-’

_bbm jaa gbpt tlmhs kjn ~xb glhk~`ts lm! js oapd hb`ts `m~`t`n ~k` tlmhs ~b glhk~-



Okj~`t ?3

:35?3JM

Mlds! ^lmj jmn Ji| jaa xjaf`n ~b ~k` djt bm ~k` glts~ a`wà ~b tà mlsk ~k` htbp“s ntlmfs-

Js ~k`| xjaf`n ~k`| x`t` ebssa`n d| sbi`bm` xl~kbp~ t`jalulmh sbi`bm` xjs d`klmn ~kì jmn

sk` dpi`n lm~b jmb~k`t oapd hb`t! obia`~à| d| jooln`m~- ^k` npi ojps`n kls ntlmf ~b sab

bw`t ~k` `nh` jmn nbxm kls gtbm~- Xk`m sk` kjn npi`n lm~b ~k` hp| jmn ojps`n ~k` slaa sk`

s~b`n jmn sjln! ‑_btt|!’ lm j w`t| jbabh`~lo! dp~ k`t mbtija ija` wblo`-

^k` `tsbm ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n k`t p jmn nbxm jmn sjln! ‑\bp gpoflmh ~tjmsw`s~l~`s x`

nbm“~ xjm~ |bpt flmn k`t`-’ K` xjs j hbbn sl{ g``~ ~jaa jmn kjn j xàa ~bm`n jtis jmn sk`

hp`ss`n k` jasb kjn j xàa ~bm`n dbn|- K` kjn j slmha` s~tl bg kjlt lm ~k` ilnna` bg kls k`jn

jmn kls jtis x`t` obw`t`n lm bm` obm~lmpbps ~j~~bb-

_k` sjln ‑Sa`js` ~àa i` |bp nln mb~ eps~ sj| ~kj~2’

Js ~k` sl~pj~lbm `wbaw`n ~k` t`wàa`ts ibw`n jsln` jmn gbti`n j sijaa jt`j jtbpmn k`t

jmn ~k` b~k`t `tsbm! ^lmj jmn Ji| xk`t` db~k s~bbn j~ k`t sln`-

^lmj lii`nlj~à| obm~jo~`n _jmntj bw`t ~k` obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì sj|lmh! ‑X` kjw` j

tbdaì! sbi` bm` kjs ~jf m bgg`mo` j~ Mlds ‛ojps` bg k`t alg` okblo`s-’

‑_j| xkj~! |bp ~tjmml` sopi! gpof bgg bp~ bg i| t`s`mo`-’ K` ~kt`x ~k` ntlmf k` xjs

ojtt|lmh jaa bw`t Mlds-

_k` abbf`n nbxm j~ k`t kbx w`t| x`~ oab~k`s jmn sk` ~`ms`n jmn tà`js`n k`t gls~s

t`jtlmh ~kì ~b dà~ ~kls hp|-

_jmntj abbf`n j~ ~k` glts~ ~l`t jmn gbpmn ~k` sijaa jt`j xl~k Mlds! ~k` hp|! ^lmj jmn Ji|

lm ~k` ilnna`- _k` sjx j gìja` sòptl~| `tsbm k`jnlmh gbt ~k` sl~pj~lbm jmn sjln! ‑^lmj! j

gìja` sòptl~| `tsbm ls lmdbpmn-’

^lmj abbf`n p jmn mbnn`n k`t tà|-

Xk`m ~k` gìja` sòptl~| `tsbm `m~`t`n ~k` jt`j! sk` sjln! ‑\bp kjw` ~xb okblo`s

bp~sln` bt ~k` tlmhs2’

‑Tlmhs!’ ~k` hp| sjln lm j s~`tm wblo`! ‑L“i hblmh ~b ijf` |bp xlsk |bp kjnm“~ obi` k`t`

~bmlhk~-’

%%%%%



?;0

Tlokjtn! xkb xjs abbflmh nbxm pbm ~k` sl~pj~lbm! ~ptm`n ~b Ejdbo jmn sjln! ‑^kls obpan

d` lm~ t`s~lmh- Bm` bg _ptjdbm“s htbp kjs eps~ ~ktbxm j ntlmf jaa bw`t bm` bg i| hp s~s-’

‑Ii- ^kls obpan d`!’ jmsx`t`n Ejdbo jmn ~k`m jsf`n! ‑Kbx hbbn j glhk~`t ls ~k`

`tsbm2’

‑St`~~| hbbn! sbi` ~li`s sk` psk`n i` xk`m x` nln sjt` jmn lg L“i mb~ ils~jf`m sk` ls

ojtt|lmh k`t skbt~ s~jw`s xl~k k`t-’ K` sila`n j~ ~k` iìbtl`s bg Mlof glhk~lmh xl~k ~kì jmn lg

xkj~ k` fm`x ~b d` ~k` pspja t`jo~lbm xk`m j `tsbm ~jf`s ~k` alg` okblo`s sk` ijn`- ‑_k`“s

alfà| hb~~`m d`~~`t-’

K` abbf`n j~ Ejdbo xkb xjs silalmh- ‑Obidj~ okjaa`mh`2’

‑\`jk!’ k` tàl`n jmn sbf` lm~b ~k` oapd“s obiipmloj~lbm s|s~ì! ‑_jijm~kj jsf ~kì

lg ~k`| xlsk ~b kjw` j obidj~ okjaa`mh` lssp`n2’

K` abbf`n j~ ~k` gabbt jt`j jmn sjx _ptjdbm kjn eps~ s~bbn p jmn xjs d`hlmmlmh ~b k`jn

gbt ~k` sl~pj~lbm jmn k` nlnm“~ abbf a`js`n- ‑L ~klmf L kjn d`~~`t h`~ hblmh! L“w` eps~ s``m

_ptjdbm jtbjoklmh ~k` sl~pj~lbm jmn k`“s mb~ kj|-’

‑Bf! okj~ ~b |bp sbbm! jmn sj| ~k` sji` ~b |bpt gìja` gtl`mn! hbbn apof-’

‑L xlaa nb!’ k` sjln! js k` nlsj`jt`n bp~ bg ~k` djof nbbt-

%%%%%

_ptjdbm xjs sj~ bm ~k` glts~ gabbt ~l`t bm ~k` bbsl~` sln` ~b xk`t` Mlds jmn k`t jt~|

x`t` sl~~lmh- K` kjn s``m ~k` jg~`t ijt~k bg ~k` dpi jmn sjx ~k` ntlmf h`~ ~l`n nbxm ~k`

`tsbm“s gtbm~- J~ ~kls k` i`m~jaa| sjln! ‛ I`~uuj ls hbm`! ~kj~ ls ~k` ajs~ s~tjx-“

K` hb~ p jmn xjs gbaabx`n d| kls sl{ optt`m~ s~pn`m~s js k` otbss`n ~k` gabbt jt`j

~bxjtns ~k` sl~pj~lbm-

K` jttlw`n js Tlokjtn jttlw`n j~ Mlds“ sln`-K` sjln lm I`~uuj“s `jt lm j ~bm` ~kj~ k` i`jm~ xkj~ k` sjln! ‑L xlaa spbt~ |bp mbx! dp~

jg~`t |bp jmn L jt` mb abmh`t ijs~`t jmn s~pn`m~- L djmlsk |bp gtbi i| slhk~ bm jlm bg n`j~k-

Nb L ijf` i|sàg oa`jt-’

‑Bm jlm bg n`j~k L nbm“~ m``n |bpt spbt~! L“i ibt` ~kjm |bp ~klmf- \bp ~`jok mb~klmh

dp~ xjm~ `tgò~lbm-’ K` ~k`m sj~ bm _ptjdbm-

J~ ~kls k` ~ptm`n jmn xjaf`n ~k` sl{ jo`s ~b xk`t` Tlokjtn jmn Mlds x`t` s~jmnlmh

sj|lmh! ‑L sklg~ i| spbt~ ~b |bp i| n`jt- I`~uuj kjs nlskbmbpt`n i` gbt ~k` ajs~ ~li`- Jg~`t

~kls ~k` m`{~ ~li` L s`` kli x` xlaa d` glhk~lmh ~b ~k` n`j~k! bma| bm` bg ps xlaa a`jw` ~k` oltoa`

jalw`-’



%%%%%

^k` gìja` sòptl~| `tsbm sjln! ‑L“w` eps~ d``m lms~tpo~`n d| ~k` ijmjhì`m~ ~b jsf nb

|bp xlsk ~b lssp` j obidj~ okjaa`mh`2’

‑J xkj~2’ Mlds jsf`n-

_jmntj! Njtjps! Sjpa jmn Jds jaa psk`n ~k`lt xj| ~ktbphk ~k` oltoa` jmn eblm`n Mlds!

^lmj! Ji| jmn Tlokjtn- _k` gà~ _jmntj flss k`t bm ~k` ok``f-

_k` xjs sla`m~a| tò`l~lmh j tj|`t bg obidj~ ‑Ot`j~bt L tj| ~b |bp ~kls nj| ~b tbwln`

i` ~k` sflaas L m``n jmn ~k` ~bbas ~b dplan i| jtibpt jmn x`jbms- L tj| gbt ~k` s~t`mh~k jmn

fmbxa`nh`- Obm~tba jmn slhk~- K`jtlmh jmn g`àlmh- Bk ot`j~bt L ojaa pbm db~k |bpt sln`s

gìja` xlsnbi jmn obijsslbm! ija` jmh`t jmn s~t`mh~k-’

‑Nb |bp xjm~ ~b glhk~ kli jmn l~“s jti`n bt pmjti`n Mlds!’ sjln Tlokjtn jmn sila`n j~

_ptjdbm js k` jtbjok`n ~kì-

‑Kàa |`jk! skjaa x` s`~~a` ~kls lm ~k` tlmh2’ sk` jsf`n xl~k j obmgln`m~ wblo`- ‛ L kjw`

gtl`mns j~ i| djof! i| sflaas jt` hbbn! a ~“s s`` kbx hbbn ~k`| jt`-“

‑\`jk!’ sjln I`~uuj- ‑Lg ~k` ~tjmml` ~klmfs sk` ojm kjmna` k`tsàg L sj| jti`n-’

‑\`s L ojm- Jti`n l~ ls!’ sk` t`sbmn`n-

‑Xkj~ x`jbm nb |bp okbbs` ~b glhk~ xl~k2’

_k` tàl`n! ‑_kbt~ s~jw`s-’ _k` ~bbf ~k` jlt gtbi ~k`lt kban`ts bm k`t ~klhks-

‑_kbt~ Dajn`s!’ I`~uuj tàl`n-

^k` htbp ~k`m s~jt~`n ~b ibw` ~bxjtns ~k` tlmhs jg~`t ~k` b~k`t obidj~jm~s kjn d``m

jsf`n ~b oa`jt ~k` tlmhs- I`~uuj jmn j g`x bg kls gtl`mns ibw`n ~b ~k` gjt sln` bg ~k` tjls`n jt`j-

Bm ~k` ijlm s`jf`ts oji` ~k` jmmbpmo`t“s wblo` xkb sjln! ‑Ajnl`s jmn h`m~s bg Oapd

Ilaajmj jmn jaa ~kbs` xj~oklmh ps bm ~k` alw` ojs~- X` dtlmh |bp jm pm`{ò~`n obm~`s~ l~~lmh

bm bm` sln`! jm pmfmbxm bg t`p~`n obmsln`tjda` sflaa jh`n j i`t` :; ~kls w`t| nj|! jmn bm ~k`

b~k`t bm` xkb ls ijs~`t ~b sbi` dp~ s~pn`m~ ~b _ptjdbm- Xkb ~kls w`t| mlhk~ glmlsk`n kls

tàj~lbmskl xl~k I`~uuj ~k` Pmgbthlw`m-’

_k` jmn k`t htbp xjaf`n ~b ~k` tlmh jmn sk` s~jt`n j~ I`~uuj js k` t`jt`n klisàg-

_ptjdbm sjln ~b k`t! ‑D` ojt`gpa! I`~uuj ls w`t| hbbn-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` tàl`n-

Tlokjtn xkb xjs s~bbn ~b k`t tlhk~ kjmn sln` jsf`n! ‑Nb |bp tììd`t xk`m L sjln L

kjw` ~xb hlg~s gbt |bp2’

‑L nb Tlokjtn!’ sk` tàl`n-‑^k`m ~k` sòbmn jt` ~k`s`-’ K` tbnpo`n j jlt bg skbt~ s~jw`s jmn bgg`t`n ~kì ~b k`t-

‑Mb ~kjmfs! ~bmlhk~! ~k`s` h`~ dabbn`n gbt ~k` glts~ ~li`-’ _k` alg~`n ~k` jlt Njtaj kjn



?;8

hlw`m k`t-

‑Ij| L kjw` j abbf j~ ~kì2’ jsf`n Tlokjtn-

‑\`jk! k`t`-’ _k` hjw` ~kì ~b kli jmn k` lii`nlj~à| b`m`n ~k` dajn` jmn ~bbf j

oabs` abbf j~ ~k` sxbtn ijf`ts ijtf- _k` mb~lo`n Tlokjtn“s `|`s b`m jmn s~jt` lm p~~`t skbof

j~ ~k` ijtf-

‑\bp nb t`jalu` ~k` ijf`t“s ijtf kjs d``m k|slojaa| `mhtjw`n lm~b ~k` jo~pja i`~ja! mb~

eps~ ~k` kjtlof j~~`tmlmh-’

L~ xjs k`t ~ptm ~b s~jt` j~ Tlokjtn- K` sal~ ~k` kjmna` jmn abbf`n j~ ~k` kla~- ‑L xlaa m``n

~b kjw` j okj~ xl~k |bp jdbp~ ~k`s`! dp~ L ~klmf ~k`| ij| d` bw`t ;333 |`jts ban- ^k`s` nj~`

gtbi jtbpmn ~k` ~li` bg ~k` ajs~ Htjmn ijs~`t bg ~k` ^ltjmmj Ijt~lja _okbbas- Flof kls jts`!’

sjln Tlokjtn-

_k` d`m~ nbxm jmn tìbw`n k`t dbb~s jmn obmo`m~tj~`n bm j lm k`jn bg alhk~ eps~ lm gtbm~

bg k`t oabs`n `|`s-

Ji| xjs s~jmnlmh j~ tlmh sln` xk`m bm` bm I`~uuj“s gtl`mns szp`ù`n k`t tlhk~ dp~~bof

jmn d`gbt` sk` obpan t`jo~ k` kjn ibw`n bp~ bg t`jok jmn xjs ajphklmh j~ k`t jmn sk` ~kbphk~

k`t gtl`mns- ‑\bpt ilm` jts` kba`-’

Sjpa xjaf`n bw`t gtbi okj~~lmh xl~k ^lmj jmn jsf`n! ‑Xk| ~k` gjo` jmn xkb“s |bpts2’

‑^kj~ hp| eps~ ~x`jf`n i| jts`-’Sjpa abbf`n j~ ~k` `tsbm jmn sjln! ‑Mb k`“s mb~! k`“s ilm`- Tììd`t xkj~ Njtaj sjln!

Wl{`ms kà Wl{`ms jmn L nb alf` |bp ~bb-’ K` hjw` k`t j zplof flss bm ~k` ok``f-

_k` dapsk`n jmn ~ptm`n x`jtlmh j dlh d`jilmh sila` jotbss k`t gjo`-

‑Xk| ~kjmf |bp Sjpa! jmn L alf` |bp ~bb!’ jmn hjw` kli j flss bm ~k` ok``f-

^lmj eblm`n ~k` jlt jmn sk` jmn Sjpa s~jt~`n ~b zpl`~a| okjm~ ~k` tj|`t bg oà`dtj~lbm-

Tlokjtn abbf`n j~ xk`t` db~k Sjpa jmn ^lmj xk`t` s~jmnlmh ~k` db~k s`ì`n ~b dòbmo`m~tj~lmh bm sbi`~klmh jmn ~k`lt ibp~ks jt` ibwlmh lm ~li` xl~k `jok b~k`t- K` ~j`n

Sjpa bm ~k` skbpan`t! xklok ojps`n kli ~b s~b- K` sjln! ‑Ij| L jsf xkj~ jt` |bp nblmh2’

‑Obmnpo~lmh j tl~pja bg da`sslmh js j ajm`~jt| jalhmi`m~ kj`ms lm 0 ilmp~`s-’

K` ~k`m tììd`t`n ~k` jalhmi`m~ jmn sjln xbpan |bp eblm i` lm j tl~pja ~b da`ss Mlds!

jaa L m``n |bp ~b nb ls ~b okjm~ Tliidl! Njaln! Fjti-’

^k`| db~k mbnn`n jmn s~jt~`n ~b okjm~ ~k` xbtns- K`! d`lmh j ijs~`t bg ~k` ^ltjmmj! kjn

hjlm`n o`t~jlm jdlal~l`s bm` bg xklok xjs ~b Ijhlofjaa| da`ss `l~k`t j htbp bt eps~ bm` `tsbm!

~k` da`sslmh xjs lm ~k` gbti bg jtibpt! n`g`mo` jhjlms~ spttls` jmn ~k` jdlal~| ~b lms~jm~a| k`ja

gtbi ~k` ~li` ~k` glts~ xbpmn ls ijn` gbt glw` ilmp~`s-



_jmntj xkb xjs h`~~lmh ps` ~b ~k` wjtlbps jptjs `ba` tbnpo`n sjx j djaa bg alhk~ ht`|

gbti jdbw` Mlds-

_k` abbf`n j~ I`~uuj jmn sjx k` xjs tbnpolmh j w`t| nls~lmo~lw` xkl~` jptj slilajt ~b

~k` bm`s sk` s``m xk`m ~k`| x`m~ ~b Ji|“s klhk sokbba obilmh gtbi ~k` htbp jssbolj~lmh

xl~k Jdlahjla- ‛ L kj~` mb~ fmbxlmh xkj~ L ji s``lmh-“

Jg~`t j obpa` bg ilmp~`s sk` sjx ~k` dpdda` bg ht`| ntb jmn s`~~a` bw`t Mlds- J~ ~k`

sji` ~li` sk` sjx j w`t| gjlm~ hkbs~a| bp~alm` jmn sk` jaibs~ obpanm“~ s`` l~! dp~ l~ jtbjok`n

Mlds jmn oji` ~b t`s~ lmsln` k`t-

Mlds abbf`n j~ k`t js l~ nln jmn sk` sjx k`t |`s x`t` sbaln dajof! mb pla! ltls! bt

jm|~klmh- _k` fm`x k`t ibp~k xjs salhk~a| b`m dp~ ~kj~ xjs ~k` bma| jo~lbm sk` obpan nb- Mlds

xlmf`n j~ k`t jmn sila`n-

‑Kpm! `w`t|~klmh ls hblmh ~b d` bf!’ sjln Mlds js ~k` gìja` lm ~k` tlmh lmnloj~`n gbt db~k

obidj~jm~s ~b `m~`t ~k` tlmhs-

%%%%%

_j~ lm j pd sbi`xk`t` lm X`s~ Klaas! Ebkm! Tp~k! Ojtba`! Njm jmn Ijaaj x`t` jaa

`meb|lmh ~k` `w`mlmh“s `m~`t~jlmi`m~ gtbi Oapd Ilaajmj jmn ~k` _~t``~ Glhk~s-

Ebkm s~jt`n j~ ~k` sot``m xk`m ~k` xbtns ‛jm pmfmbxm bg t`p~`n obmsln`tjda` sflaa jh`n

j i`t` :; ~kls w`t| nj|“ jmn ~k` oji`tj ubbi`n lm bm ~k` `tsbm- ‑^kj~“s Mlds-’

‑Gòf i`*’ `{oajli`n Tp~k! ‑l~ ls! jmn ~k`t`“s _jmntj! Sjpa! ^lmj! jmn Jds- L“i

xbmn`tlmh xkb ~k` m`x hlta ls- _k` abbfs sbi`xkj~ kj|-’

‑L xbpan sj| sk`“s Sjpa“s jt~m`t- Abbf j~ kbx k`“s kbanlmh k`t-’

Bm ~k` sot``m Sjpa hjw` ~k` m`x hlta jm jggò~lbmj~` flss bm ~k` ok``f-

‑L jht``!’ k` sjln-

‑X` skbpan s`mn k`t bpt hbbn xlsk`s! gbt ~k` nj| js xàa!’ sjln Ijaaj-

%%%%%

Mlds xjaf`n ~b ~k` s~`s p! xjaf`n p ~k` ~kt`` s~`s jmn s~bbn bm ~k` bp~sln` bg ~k` tlmh

jmn dbx`n ~b ~k` t`g`t``! sk` ~k`m `m~`t`n ~k` tlmh jmn lm ~k` ijmm`t ~jphk~ d| _`ms`l Kpi`

sk` dbx`n ~b I`~uuj- _k` skbx`n k`t x`jbms ~b ~k` t`g`t`` xkb abbf`n j~ ~kì jmn ~k`m sk`

abbf`n j~ Tlokjtn- Xkb sk` sjx mbn ‛~k`| jt` bf“- _k` mbnn`n ~b k`t jmn sk` ~bbf p k`t n`g`mslw` s~jmo`! `{o`~ ~kls bm` xjsm“~ tlhk~- K`t a`g~ skbt~ s~jw` xjs p k`t a`g~ jti! ~k` tlhk~

bm` bm xjs bp~ lm ~k` pspja glhk~lmh s~jmo`-



?;<

_k` s~bbn ~k`t` tàj{`n abbflmh j~ I`~uuj- Js sk` abbf`n j~ kli k`t wlslbm xjs jasb

skbxlmh sbi`~klmh às`- Kls dbn| xjs obw`t`n lm j sklii`t! mb~ t`jaa| wlslda` ~b ~k` t`g`t`` bt

l~ s`jis ~k` `ba` bp~sln`- I`~uuj t`~ptm`n ~b gjolmh k`t-

^k` t`g`t`` djof`n p j g`x s~`s sj|lmh xk`m sk` kjn s~b`n! ‑Glhk~-’

I`~uuj ibw`n! gjs~! k` xkl`n jtbpmn lm jm jm~l)oabofxls` ibwì`m~ xkllmh kls a`g~

dajn` jtbpmn jmn oabsà| gbaabxlmh ~k` dajn` j~~jof kls a`g~ k` a jasb ~jth`~lmh k`t k`jn-

Js I`~uuj s~jt~`n kls j~~jof ~k` `m~lt` so`m` sabx`n! ~k` `ba` lm ~k` djofhtbpmn

dòji` dapts ~k` bma| sbpmns xk t` ~k` dt`j~klmh bg ~k` jlt jmn ~k` d`hlmmlmhs bg j xkls~a` js

~k` fmlg` sxlmh s~jt~`n- _k` nòln`n ~k` d`s~ n`g`mo` xjs ~b ajo` k`t a`g~ skbt~ s~jgg s~blmh

~k` fmlg` jmn flof j~~jof xklok x`t` db~k obilmh gbt k`t k`jn- _k` xbpan obpm~`t j~~jof d|

ibwlmh lm bm jm jm~l)oabofxls` ibw` jmn tjiilmh k`t fm`` lm~b kls djof-

Js I`~uuj“s glts~ j~~jof obia`~`n k` gà~ k`t fm`` s~tlf` tlhk~ lm~b ~k` sijaa bg kls djof-

^k` bx`t gbto`n kli ~b kb j g`x ~li`s js kls j~~jof kl~ k`t skbt~ s~jw`! xklok eps~ s~b`n ~k`

j~~jof n`jn! ~k` jti nlnm“~ `w`m ibw` jm lmok- K` dtbphk~ klisàg djof ~b j w`t~loja bsl~lbm!

k` fm`x k` abbflmh w`t| spttls`n ‛^kls ~klmh skbpan mb~ d` jda` ~b nb ~kj~- Mb ajm`~ ibn`tm

oabs` obidj~ x`jbms ojm s~b i| tpm` dajn`s- \`~ k`t s~jw` s~b`n l~ n`jn jmn ~k`lts mb~ j

sotj~ok bm l~-“

K` sjx k`t d`hlm k`t m`{~ j~~jof jmn ~k`m k` gà~ ~k` lijo~ bg s~jw` jhjlms~ kls tld ojh`jmn ~k`m j sòbmn s~tlf` jhjlm jhjlms~ ~k` bbsl~` sln`! jmn k` gà~ ~kbs` j~~jofs- ‛^k`t` ls mb

xj| bm Njttj Wbm ~kj~ ~klmh ls hblmh ~b d`j~ i`! mb ~tjmml` kjs d`j~`m i`! `w`t- “

Js I`~uuj kb`n jxj|! jg~`t Mlds glts~ j~~jof sk` dtbphk~ k`t tlhk~ s~jw` lm jmn l~ kl~ kls

tlds kjtn- Gbaabxlmh ~kj~ kl~ sk` dtbphk~ ~k` a`g~ s~jw` lm jmn ~kj~ ~bb kl~ kls tlds bm ~k` bbsl~`

sln`- Gbt ~k` t`~ptm s~tlf` sk` gal`n k`t kjmn bw`t jmn t`w`ts`n ~k` nltò~lbm bg ~k` s~jw`- _k`

sxpmh l~ sb l~ ~jth`~`n kls oklm bm jm pxjtn oalid nltò~lbm-I`~uuj ~ptm`n sb kls tlhk~ sln` xjs gjolmh k`t! ~k` s~jw` ojphk~ kli eps~ pmn`t ~k` oklm-

^k` bx`t bg ~k` j~~jof gbto`n kli p jmn bw`t lm j klhk jto-

_jmntj s~jt`n lm skbof j~ ~k` bx`t lm Mlds“ glts~ j~~jof jmn ~k` s``n sk` dtbphk~ ~k`

sòbmn jmn ~kltn j~~jofs lm xjs lmot`nlda`-

^lmj! xkb xjs s~bbn m`{~ ~b k`t! xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑Gòf i`- Mlds ls hbbn- Mlds ls

w`t| hbbn-’

‑\`jk L fmbx- ^k` bx`t sk` kjs ~ktbphk jmn ~k` s``n! lg sk`“s jm|~klmh ~b hb bm! jt`

x` hblmh ~b d` js gjs~ jmn js s~tbmh2’



‑L xbpan sj| |`s x` xlaa d`- L“i hblmh ~b ps` i| jdlal~l`s ~b glhk~ ~k` obts tj~k`t ~kjm

spbt~ ~kì-’

_k` ~k`m sjx Mlds t`~ptm j~~jof kjn ojphk~ I`~uuj tlhk~ pmn`t ~k` oklm- K` ~bbf bgg lm j

klhk jto- J~ ~k` lijo~ jmn ~k` ajpmok! ~k` otbxn obaaò~lwà| hjs`n- @w`m sk` xl~k k`t

fmbxa`nh` bg s~t``~ glhk~lmh fm`x ~kj~ jt`j sbi` ~li`s a`n ~b n`j~k-

Js I`~uuj ~bbf bgg Mlds djof bgg j g`x s~`s jmn x`m~ ~b ~k` sji` s~|a` bg s~jmo` js sk`

kjn ~jf`m j~ ~k` s~jt~ bg ~k` glhk~- ‛Xkj~ ~k` gòf ls hblmh bm* L“i mb~ ~kj~ hbbn- I| s~jmo` ls

xtbmh! i| j~~jofs jt` xtbmh- Xkb ~k` kàa kjs ~jf`m p t`slsn`mo` lm i| dbn|! ~k`| ojm gpof

bgg- I\ DBN\! I\ ALG@-“

_k` sjx I`~uuj ajmn bm kls gtbm~! k` dtbphk~ p kls k`jn js ~k` sklii`t nlsj`jt`n-

‛^kj~“s d`~~`t-“ I`~uuj dtbphk~ kls jtis lm jmn kls a`hs ~b ~k` t`jn| bx`t bsl~lbm pmn`t kls

dbn|- Kls kjmns s~laa htjs`n kls dajn`s- Kls kjmn ok of`n kls ejx jmn k` stjmh j~ k`t-

Js I`~uuj s~jt~`n ~k` tbaa sk` hb~ t`jn| ~b tò`lw` xkj~ sk` fm`x xbpan d` ~k` glts~ ijlm

j~~jof `l~k`t bm` dajn` s~jddlmh lm bt db~k! `l~k`t xj| ~k` bma| xj| ~b ilss ~k` j~~jof xjs mb~ ~b

d` ~k t`- _k` x`m~ ~b ibw` a g~ jmn t jnl`n k`t s~jw`s lm ojs` k` p~ j s obmn bt ~kltn j~~jof

xl~k ~k` glts~ bm`- ^k` dajn` sxl`n bp~xjtns! ~kls spttls`n k`t j al~~a` js l~ xjs j mlo` xj| bg

oj~oklmh sbi`bm` xkb ibw`n `l~k`t a`g~ bt tlhk~-

Js ~k` dajn` sxl` gbaabx`n k`t sk` dtbphk~ k`t tlhk~ s~jw` lm jmn ~jth`~`n ~k` xtls~ jt`j

tj~k`t ~kjm ~k` dajn`- ^k` s~jw` kl~ jmn l~ s~b`n ~k` sxlmh- K` sjm jm~l)oabofxls` lm jm

j~~ì~ ~b spttls` k`t-

^k` a`g~ kjmn slm nln spttls` k`t salhk~a| dp~ ~k` a`g~ s~jw` xjs ~k`t` jaibs~ lms~lmo~lwà|

js k`t k`jtlmh lof`n p ~k` gjlm~ xkls~a` bg ~k` a`g~ dajn` sxlmh- Js k` xjs slmmlmh k`

t`w`ts`n ~k` tlhk~ dajn` sb ~b ps` l~ js j s~jddlmh x`jbm jmn dtbphk~ l~ lm ~jth`~lmh k`t hp~

jt`j- _k` t`w`ts`n ~k` tlhk~ s~jw`“s bsl~lbm jmn sijof`n kls xtls~ jhjlm! ~kls jhht`sslw` jtt|“s

s~tlf` jo~pjaa| x`jf`m`n ~k` xtls~ `mbphk ~b gbto` I`~uuj ~b ntb ~k` tlhk~ dajn` ~b ~k` htbpmn-

_k` zplofa| xkl`n k`t a`g~ gbb~ lm jmn fmbof`n l~ jotbss ~k` tlmh ~bxjtns _jmntj jmn Tlokjtn-

I`~uuj sjm jxj| ~ktbxlmh ~k` dajn` gtbi kls a`g~ kjmn lm~b kls tlhk~! k` ~k`m ps`n kls

a`g~ ~b tpd kls tlhk~ xtls~- _k` obpan s`` kls `|`s x`t` lm tlofs js k` jmja|u`n jmn xj~ok`n k`t

~t|lmh ~b xbtf bp~ kbx k` obpan d`j~ k`t-

_k` fm`x kbx ~b s~b kli! dp~ sk` m``n`n j oa`jt skb~ j~ kls djof- K` ibw`n kls a`g~ jti

~b j bsl~lbm t`jn| ~b n`g`mn jhjlms~ jm| j~~jofs jmn sabxa| oji` ~bxjtns k`t-

‛ L“w` hb~ bm` okjmo` b~k`txls` ‛l~“ ls hblmh ~b d`j~ i`-“K` nln k` kjn jm ln`j kbx k` obpan nb l~! dp~ l~ m``n`n k`t ~b b`m k`tsàg ~b kli- ^kbs`

s~jw`s! ~k`| x`t` a`~kja- K` kjn m`w`t lm kls abmh alg` obi` jotbss s~jw`s alf` ~kì! ~k`| x`t`



?<:

tbof sbaln jmn |`~ abbf`n sb klhka| otjg~`n ~k`| obpanm“~ d` js kjtn js ~k`| kjn tbw`m

~kìsàw`s bm j obpa` bg boojslbms- ‛ L xbmn`t xkj~ ~bbf i| jtibpt bp~! L nbpd~ l~ xjs l~

kl~~lmh i`! l~ ips~ kjw` d``m ~kbs` s~jw`s! ~k`| ips~ d` ijhlofja lm sbi`xj|-“

Mlds s~jt~`n ~b dbpmo` jtbpmn j dl~ lm ~k` gjsklbm P~kptj kjn ~jphk~ k`t- _k` x`m~ ~b kl~

kls k`jn jmn ~kls dtbphk~ kls a`g~ jti p- _k` ~k`m dbpmo`n ~b kls a`g~ jmn ~kls dbphk~ kli

jtbpmn ~b gjo` k`t jhjlm- K` xjs hblmh ~b okjs` k`t jtbpmn ~k` tlmh- _k` s~b`n ibwlmh djof

jmn dbpmo`n bm ~k` sb~- K` ~ktps~ ~k` dajn` gbtxjtn- _k` dtbphk~ k`t a`g~ s~jw` jotbss lm gtbm~

bg k`t jmn ~k`m dtbphk~ ~k` tlhk~ s~jw` lm salhk~a| oabs`t ~b I`~uuj ~kjm ~k` a`g~ s~jw` jmn

~tj`n kls dajn`-

Js I`~uuj ~tl`n ~b xl~kntjx ~k` dajn` ~b s~tlf` jhjlm! sk` sjm nbxm kls tlhk~ jti jmn

ajo`n k`t a`g~ jti jtbpmn kls mòf pslmh ~k` nlt o~lbm bg ~k` skbt~ s~jw` js j s~b- K`t tlhk~

kjmn ntb`n ~k` b~k`t s~jw` jmn htjdd`n kls xtls~ d`gbt` k` obpan s~jd k`t xl~k ~k` dajn`- _k`

jal`n j xtls~ abof jmn pslmh k`t ijsslw` s~t`mh~k sk` gbto`n kls xtls~ ~b jaibs~ j tlhk~ jmha`-

^kls ojps`n I`~uuj ~b ntb ~k` b~k`t dajn`- _k` ~k`m ntjhh`n kls xkba` jti p kls djof jmn

ps`n k`t gbb~! xklok sk` ajo`n jhjlms~ ~k` djof bg kls fm``s! ~b gbto` kli ~b ~k` tlmh gabbt

xk`t` sk` kàn kli pm~la k` s~b`n ibwlmh-

_jmntj xjs xj~oklmh ~k` glhk~ pmgban jmn sjx ~k` tbaa jmn npja ~ktps~ s~tlf`! ~k` m`{~ibw` sojt`n k`t js l~ xjs w`t| gjs~- ^k` s~tlf` bg ~k` s~jw` jhjlms~ ~k` xtls~ t`w`ja`n k`t

ijsslwà| js ~kj~ sk` pmn`ts~bbn! jhht`sslw` jtt|lmh! j w`t| `ggò~lw` xj| bg gbtolmh `ba` ~b

ntb ~klmhs kàn lm ~k` kjmns-

_k` sjx I`~uuj slm jmn ~k` sjx ~k` t`w`ts` dajn` jmn ~k` dajn` ~kj~ kjn s~b`n lm gtbm~

bg k`t- _k` abbf`n djof j~ ~k` glhk~ jmn sjx I`~uuj xjs tpddlmh kls tlhk~ xtls~-

_k` sjx Tlokjtn kjw` j zplof hajmo` j~ ~k` dajn` jmn sk` sjx kli b`m kls `|`s xln` j~

sbi`~klmh jmn k` ~k`m sila`n j~ k`t jmn paa`n _ptjdbm salhk~a| djof gtbi ~k` tlmh sln`-Js I`~uuj ibw`n jmn xjs ojphk~ obia`~à| d| spttls` d| Mlds“ obpm~`t j~~jof sk`

sila`n js sk` jal`n j sa```t kban jmn p~ I`~uuj lm~b ~k` ajmn bg sa``-

Js sk` xj~ok`n ~k` `mn bg ~k` glhk~ sk` obpan s`` ~k` sji` hkbs~a| glhpt` d`hlmmlmh

gbto`n gtbi Mlds! l~ abbf`n alf` l~ xjs glhk~lmh ~b s~j| lmsln`! dp~ l~ xjs abbslmh ~k` dj~~a`- _k`

obpan s`` ibt` jmn ibt` bg l~ d`lmh ~ktbxm bp~! pm~la l~ hb~ obia`~à| gbto`n gtbi Mlds“ dbn|

jmn ~ktbxm djof xk`t` l~ nlsslj~`n jmn nlsj`jt`n-

Js Mlds s~bbn lm ~k` tlmh sk` stjmh gtbi ~k` htbpmn jmn xjs ~k` glts~ `tsbm lm ~k` tlmh-

Mlds s~bbn p gtbi ~k` gbti bg I`~uuj js k` sa`~ gjo` nbxm- ‛Xkj~ ~k` kàa eps~



kj`m`n ~b i`- L g`à nlgg`t`m~ dp~ |`~ L g`à obia`~` mbx-“

^k` sbpmn bg ~k` otbxn `tp~lmh lm ok``ts jmn jajps` dtbphk~ k`t djof ~b ~k` ~k`t` jmn

mbx! obidlm`n xl~k ~k` g`àlmh bg kjwlmh j jlt bg jtis xtj`n jtbpmn k`t mòf jmn j flss

ajo`n bm k`t ok``f-

^k` t`g`t`` xjaf`n bw`t jg~`t okòflmh I`~uuj jmn tjls`n k`t jti ~b lmnloj~` ~k` xlmm`t

bg ~k` glhk~- ^k` otbxn `tp~`n lm mbls`- ^k` t`g`t`` ibw`n oabs` jmn sjln! ‑^k` ijmjhì`m~

kjs tbwln`n j okjmh` bg oab~k`s gbt |bp lm ~k` okjmhlmh tbbis- ^k` psk`t xlaa skbx |bp ~b

~kì-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` t`sbmn`n jmn jabmh xl~k _jmntj sk` xjaf`n ~b ~k` `nh` jmn ps`n ~k` s~`s

~b h`~ bgg ~k` tlmhs- Js ~k` jlt hb~ ~b ~k` htbpmn! Njtjps xjs j~ k`t k`à- _k` abbf`n nbxm jmn

k` abbf`n p jmn ~b k`t k` abbf`n a`js`n j~ sbi`~klmh- ‛ L xbmn`t xkj~ Njtjps ls sb a`js`n

jdbp~-“ _k` ~ptm`n ~bxjtns ~k` psk`t js I`~uuj xjs xjs ibw`n ~b j s~t`~ok`t jmn ~kj~ xjs

~jf`m jxj| ~b d` okòf`n bp~- ^k` psk`t a`n ~k` jlt lm~b ~k` djof jt`j jmn ~k` okjmhlmh tbbis

aboj~`n ~k`t`- Js ~k`| n`jt~`n ~k` gabbt jt`j ~k` otbxn x`t` s~laa ok``tlmh ~k` glhk~! js ibs~ bg

~kì fm`x ~k` t`jsbm gbt l~ jmn ~k`| abw`n jm pmn`tnbh xlmmlmh-

^k` psk`t skbx`n ~kì ~b ~k` okjmhlmh tbbi xk`t` sk` abbf`n j~ k`t tplm`n bp~gl~-

‑Xkj~ ~k` kàa kj`m`n bp~ ~k`t`! ~kj~ xjs mb xj| |bp2’

‑L kjw` mb ln`j- L tììd`t ~k` `m~lt` glhk~ js lg L xjs glhk~lmh l~! dp~ i| ibw`s! i|

dabofs! i| j~~jofs x t` mb~ ilm` \bp fmbx L nbm“~ glhk~ bm` s~jw` nbxm bm` s~jw` p! l~“s mb~

i| s~|a` l~“s db~k p bt db~k nbxm-’ _k` ~bbf bgg k`t nt`mok`n ~b jmn p~ l~ bw`t ~k` d`mok

s`j~- _k` ~bbf bm` bg ~k` njtf t`n ~bs gtbi ~k` oab~k`s tjla- Bm ~k` gtbm~ xjs j sijaa abhb

t`t`s`m~j~lbm bg ~k` dplanlmh xl~k ~k` xbtns ‛Oapd Ilaajmj“ jtbpmn l~- Jotbss ~k` djof x`t`

~k` xbtns ‛Oapd Ot`x“

‑L nbm“~ fmbx lg ~kls ls jm|~klmh! dp~ L sjx j ht`| djaa t`s~ bw`t |bp d`gbt` ~k` glhk~ jmn

~k`m jm jjtl~lbm gabj~`n jmn ajmn`n lmsln` |bp- Eps~ d`gbt` |bp oalid`n lm~b ~k` tlmh |bpt

`|`s x`t` obia`~à| dajof! ~k`t` xjs mb ltls! pla bt xkl~` jt`j-’

_k` ~ptm`n jmn abbf`n j~ k`t! sk` fm`x k`t gjo` xjs bm` bg L xbmn`t ~bb- ‑^kj~ ls

sbi`~klmh ~b d` abbf`n j~ aj~`t-’

_k` pmoal`n ~k` skbt~ s~jw` kban`ts jmn ~bbf k`t ~tbps`ts nbxm jmn jg~`t sk` sj~ nbxm

sk` ~bbf ~kì bgg obia`~à|- ‑Xk| kpm2’

‑Xk| xkj~ kpm2’

‑Xk| nln k` kj~` i` sb ipok ~b ~ktbx kls ntlmf bw`t i`2’

‑Xkb fmbxs! bma| k` nb`s-’

_k` sàò~`n j jlt bg djhhl`s jmn sal`n ~kì p k`t a`hs jmn bw`t k`t djofsln`- Jg~`t sk` gjs~`m`n l~! jmn p~ k`t p~lal~| dà~ bm sk` gbpmn ~xb ~l`s ~kj~ gl~~`n ~k` s~jmnjtn p~lal~| dà~

sk` xbt`- _k` gjs~`m`n ~k` ~l`s jtbpmn ~k` dà~ jmn gjs~`m`n ~k` ~xb skbt~ s~jw` kban`ts jtbpmn



J~ ~kls _ptjdbm ajpmok`n j s`tl`s bg tjln pmok`s jmn àdbx s~tlf`s! xklok tjlm`n nbxm

bm Tlokjtn“s k`jn jmn p`t jtis- Jg~`t tò`lwlmh j hbbn ~`m kl~s Tlokjtn xjs jda` ~b h`~

lmsln` ~k` dabxs jmn ajmn j g`x k`jw| fm`` s~tlf`s jmn ~k`m k` xjs jda` ~b ibw` jmn h`~ d`klmn

_ptjdbm xk`t` k` ~tl`n ~b ja| j sa```t kban-

_ptjdbm sjx ~k` ibw` jmn `js`n kls xj| bp~ bg l~! dtlmhlmh kls a`h jtbpmn jmn gbtolmh

Tlokjtn gtbi kls bsl~lbm d`klmn kli-

‑^kbs` ~xb xlaa hb j~ l~ gbt j xkla` |`~!’ sjln T`m- ‑@{oàa`m~ glhk~! I`~uuj bm ~k` s~t``~

glhk~lmh oltopl~s ls j xàa fmbxm glhk~`t! dp~ d| glhk~lmh |bp k`t`! xk`m k` xjs fmbxm ~b d` bm`

bg _ptjdbm“s s~pn`m~s xjs ~k` xbts~ ils~jf` k` obpan ijf`- Jg~`t ~kls glhk~ _ptjdbm xlaa

lmgbti jaa ~k` t`p~jda` glhk~lmh jt`mjs bg xkj~ ~tjmslt`n jmn k` xlaa mb~ d` jaabx`n ~b `w`m

s~` gbb~ ~ktbphk ~k` nbbt- L ~klmf |bp ij| kjw` ijn` jm `mì| ~k`t` js xàa Mldbaj-’

‑Sa`js` l~“s Mlds! mb~ Mldbaj-’

‑_btt|!’ sjln T`m jmn Kàa Dtlhk~ slhm`n sbi`~klmh ~b T`m xkb ~tjmsaj~`n l~! ‑Kàa Dtlhk~

sj|s ~kjmfs jmn sk` kb`s ~kj~ |bp ~xb jmn ~k` t`s~ bg |bpt gtl`mns xlaa xjm~ ~b ijf` gtl`mns

xl~k k`t jmn i`-’

_k` sila`n j~ ~k` jlt sj|lmh! ‑Xkj~ ijn` |bp ~klmf x` xbpanm“~2’

‑Bk sbi`~klmh lm ~k` xj| |bp jt` Mlds- L~“s w`t| kjtn ~b n`sotld`-’

‑\`s! x` alf` jaa bpt gtl`mns bp~ ~k`t` xbpan abw` ~b d` |bpt gtl`mns-’

Kàa Dtlhk~“s sila` ht`x lm~b j d`jilmh sila` js sk` jmn T`m xjaf`n bw`t ~b eblm ~k`

htbp-

Jg~`t j g`x ilmp~`s bg xj~oklmh ~k` glhk~ T`m sjln! ‑L nbm“~ tììd`t j p d`lmh xl~k

|bp ~k`m2’

‑Mb Njtjps xjsm“~! k` eblm`n ps bm j kpm~lmh ~tl ~b ~k` Abx Djof Gbt`s~ x` gbpmn kli

jmn k` flmn bg jnb~`n ps- J gtl`mn gtbi ~k` X`s~ Klaas Ipslo jmn Jt~s g`s~lwja tòfbms k`“s jm

Jmhà Xbag- ^kj~ x` xlaa ~jf` bm jnwlsì`m~! dp~ k` kjs d``m w`t| oabs` ~b sbi` s~tjmh` ~klmhs

kj`mlmh-’

Jg~`t jmb~k`t ~`m ilmp~`s bg xj~oklmh Tlokjtn glhk~ _ptjdbm Tlokjtn xjs jda` ~b obmmò~

~k` tlhk~ obidlmj~lbm bg j~~jofs jmn ibw`s xklok jaabx`n kli ~b ajo` j sa```t kban bm

_ptjdbm jmn k` ntb`n bgg ~b sa``- Tlokjtn ajln kli bm ~k` tlmh! s~bbn p jmn s~``n jxj|-

J g`x sòbmns jg~`t ~k` t`g`t`` okòf`n _ptjdbm k` nòajt`n Tlokjtn ~k` xlmm`t- ^k`

otbxn ok``t`n jmn oaj`n jg~`t ~k` glhk~- Tlokjtn oji` nbxm jmn ~k` otbxn jt~`n ~b jaabx

kli jmn ~k` b~k`t gbpt gtl`mns ~b ibw` ~bxjtns ~k` djof jt`j-



?<0

Okj~`t ?:

^x`m~| ilmp~`s aj~`t Tlokjtn jmn ~k` b~k`t gbpt xjaf`n lm jmn eblm`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~kì-

Xk`m ~k` nbbt b`m`n sk` mb~lo`n ~k` hajss njtf`m salhk~a| jmn ~k`m t`~ptm`n ~b gpaa

~tjmsjt`mo|-

‑Ipa~l)hajss! w`t| mlo`!’ sk` sjln

‑\`s Mlds! w`t| bds`twjm~!’ sjln Ejdbo-

‑\`s jmn l~s bm` bg Mlds“ pmlzp` sflaas! k`t jdlal~| ~b mb~lo` ~k` sijaa`s~ ~klmh!’ sjln

Tlokjtn-

Lm~b ~k` jt`mj dàbx xjaf`n ~k` ~xb xbi`m xkb kjn d``m ~k` glts~ glhk~ bm ~k` ojtn-

_k` abbf`n j~ Tlokjtn jmn sjln! ‑Xk`m L glts~ obi` lm~b obm~jo~ xl~k |bp Tlokjtn |bp

s~jt~`n ~b dòji` j gtl`mn! jmn mbx L obpm~ |bp js ipok j gtl`mn js ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` `ba` k`t`

jmn bp~sln`- \bp nb t`jals` ~kj~ L kjw` mb ln`j kbx ~b sj| kl-’

‑^kj~“s slia`!’ sjln Tlokjtn jmn ibw`n ~b ìdtjo` k`t alf` j dtb~k`t ìdtjo`s j sls~`t!

‑\bp jt` gjila| js ipok js Ejm` O jmn Mlobajl jt`-’

‑\bpt*’ sk` `{oajli`n abbflmh w`t| skbof`n! ~bbf j s~` djof gtbi ~k` ìdtjo` jmn

obm~lmp`n! ‑Ejm` O jmn Mlobajl“s jt` gjila|! js lm xkj~ ~|` bg gjila|2’

‑Dabbn-’

_k` hajmo`n j~ Sjpa jmn ^lmj! ~k`| x`t` db~k abbflmh j~ Tlokjtn lm skbof-

Tlokjtn ~k`m abbf`n j~ ~kì jmn sjln! ‑L ~klmf |bp i` jmn |bpt gtl`mns k`t`- Nbm“~ xbtt|

jdbp~ Ejdbo bt kls flns ~k`| fmbx `w`t|~klmh L ji jdbp~ ~b ~àa |bp! Ejdbo htjnpj~`n gtbi ~k`

Jojnì| :7 |`jts jhb-’

Ejdbo ~k`m sjln! ‑Xàa jaa ~kls s~jmnlmh ls ~ltlmh gbt ~k` a`hs! a`~s htjd sbi` s`j~s xk`t`

x` ojm okj~ jmn ntlmf- L t`~lt`n gtbi jo~lw` hkbs~lmh sl{ |`jts jhb ~b dtlmh p Kàa Dtlhk~ jmn

T`m- X`“w` i`~ d`gbt`! ~k` hjmh kban p bm ~k` obmmlwjmo` s~bt`-’

‑Mb xj|*’ `{oajli`n Sjpa-

‑\`s! Sjpa L t`spi`!’ tàl`n Ejdbo-

‑L xjs lit`ss`n ~kj~ mlhk~! ~k` xj| |bp n`ja~ xl~k ~k` `m~lt` sl~pj~lbm xjs bm` bg p~~`t

tbg`sslbmjalsi! wlba`mo` xk t` l~ obpm~`n! nlsot`~lbm <3 bg ~k` ~li`- ^k` bma| tsbm L nbm“~

tòbhmlu` ls |bp i| n`jt-’ Ejdbo xjs abbflmh nltò~a| j~ Ji| jmn k` abbf`n js lg k` xjs

xbmn`tlmh xkb sk` xjs-

‑_btt|! x` jsf`n Ji| ~b eblm ps js j iìd`t ~kls jg~`tmbbm! sk` joo`~`n!’ tàl`n Sjpa-

‑Jm| xj| skjaa x` hb jmn sl~ nbxm jmn ~jaf! L ~klmf ~kj~“s xk| x` jt` k`t`-’‑\`s a`~s!’ Tlokjtn sjln jmn ibw`n ~b ~k` s`j~s-

Jg~`t `w`t|bm` xjs s`j~`n! Ejdbo sjln! ‑\`jk! L xjs lit`ss`n jmn L ijn` l~ i| ebd ~b



glmn bp~ js ipok js L obpan jdbp~ jaa bg |bp- Bp~ bg jaa bg |bp! lmoapnlmh |bpt gtl`mns bp~ ~k`t`!

ibs~ bg |bp x`t` tàj~lwà| `js| ~b h`~ lmgbtij~lbm bm- L eps~ nln j ~tjo` bm |bpt _~t``~ Hkbs~

Sjh`s- Mlds |bp x`t` mb~ sb `js|- \bpt _~t``~ Hkbs~ jh` hlw`s j ab~ bg lmgbtij~lbm jdbp~ |bpt

s~t``~ alg`- Dp~ mb~klmh jdbp~ ~k` `tsbm d`gbt` i``~lmh Tlokjtn- D`lmh j t`~lt`n _~t``~ Hkbs~ L

paa`n lm sbi` gjwbpts jmn j obpa` bg M`~Kjof ts obmnpo~`n j obia ~` M`~_ jtok bm db~k

Mldbaj Oja~bm jmn |bpt t`wlbps mji`- K`t` jt` sbi` ~klmhs jdbp~ |bpt js~ ~k`| x t` jda` ~b

glmn bp~-’

_k` sj~ als~`mlmh ~b Ejdbo jmn _jmntj smjf`n k`t jti jtbpmn k`t xjls~ jmn opnna`n lm-

Njtjps sj~ bm ~k` gabbt d`sln` k`t a`g~ k`à-

‑^k` gjo~ ~kj~ Sjiàj jmn Jm~bm`| Oja~bm jt`m“~ |bpt dlt~k jt`m~s-’

‑\bp jt` flnnlmh i`!’ sk` `{oajli`n! sk` fm`x k`t gjo` xjs bm` bg skbof-

‑L xlsk L xjs- \bp x`t` jnb~`n s`w`m kbpts jg~`t |bpt dlt~k- Gtbi ~k` i`nloja tòbtns

i| gtl`mns x`t` jda` ~b glmn! sbi` abbf js lg ~k`| kjw` d``m s`ja`n- \bp x`t` ~k` ban`s~ bg

zpjns! |bpt dtb~k`t jmn ~xb sls~`ts nlsj`jt`n jg~`t ~kj~- ^k`lt i`nloja gla`s jabmh xl~k |bpt

dlt~k ipi jmn njn kjw` d` m s`ja`n jmn ~k`| x t` pmjda ~b b m ~kì- Jaa ~k` bgglolja t obtns

kjw` d``m glaa`n xl~k u`tbs- L“w` mb~ d``m jda` ~b glmn bp~ jm|~klmh às`-’

‑^kjmfs!’ sk` sjln lm j ij~~`t bg gjo~ ~bm`-

‑L“i spttls`n j~ |bpt t`jo~lbm Mlds!’ sjln T`m-

‑Xk|! ~k`| p~ i` p gbt jnb~lbm! mb~ ipok L ojm nb jdbp~ l~ mbx- Lg ~k`| xjm~ ~b glmn

i` ~k`| xlaa glmn i`!’ sk` sjln-

‑Bf!’ t`sbmn`n T`m- _k` obpan s`` k` xjs ~t|lmh ~b xbtf bp~ xk| sk` kjn t`jo~`n ~kj~

xj|-

‑\`jk- Tlhk~ ntlmfs!’ Tlokjtn sjln-

‑Hbbn blm~! |bp jaa jt` i| hp`s~s ~bmlhk~ jmn js ipok bg ~bibttbx js |bp m``n ~b

tòbw`t!’ sjln Ejdbo jmn k` hb~ p jmn x`m~ ~ktbphk j nbbt jmn saln ~k` htlaa bw`t ~k` WLS djt

p-

‑Xk`m |bp sbf` ~b i` j g`x x``fs jhb |bp sbf` ~b i` jdbp~ j obms`twj~bt Mlds2’

jsf`n Tlokjtn-

‑\`jk L nln! sbtt| Sjpa! x` kjw` d``m f``lmh j g`x ~klmhs sòt`~ gtbi |bp! dp~ pm~la mbx

jaa x`“w` t`jaa| kjn ls lmgbtij~lbm gtbi obmsltjo| sl~`s jmn sbi` bg ~k` ibt` bp~ ~k`t` gbtpi

dbjtns-’

‑Nbm“~ xbtt|! xj~oklmh |bp nbxm ~k`t` ~ban i` |bp x`t` nlgg`t`m~ jmn ~b d` kbm`s~ l~

nbm“~ okjmh` xkb |bp jt` jmn spt` js kàa l~ xbm“~ s~b i` gtbi d`lmh j gtl`mn! Wl{`ms kà

Wl{`ms!’ sjln Sjpa- ‑^kj~ ls bpt pml~“s ib~~b-’_jmntj! ^lmj! Jds jmn k`t jaa sila`n j~ Sjpa“s s~j~ì`m~-

Bm` bg ~k` ~xb nbbts ~b ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` Oapd b`m`n jmn lm xjaf`n j s~jgg iìd`t xkb



Njttj Wbm sbi` obm~tba ~k` wjtlbps I`hj Obtbtj~lbms jtbpmn- B~k`t lm~àalh`mo`s s``f ~b

nbilmj~` `ba` d| okjmhlmh ~kì gtbi alwlmh dt`j~klmh `ba` lm~b pmn`jn ibms~`ts ~kj~ m``n

dabbn ~b sptwlw`-’

‑^kj~ ojm“~ d` ~tp`! l~ xbpan d` t`bt~`n bm ~k` m`xs!’ sjln _jmntj js `w`m sk` abbf`n

s~pmm`n d| xkj~ Tlokjtn xjs ~àalmh ~kì-

@w`m sk` xjs ~klmflmh! ‛Xkj~ ~k` gòf- kls ojm“~ d` ~tp`! ~k` Obtbtj~lbms obm~tbaa`n

d|-“ ‑Xkj~ jt` ~k` _aphbt~k2’ sk` jsf`n

‑Xkj~ ~k`| jt` Mlds! jt` w`t| `wla jmn w`t| mjs~|- ^k`| g``n bg jm `m`th| glàn ojaa`n

ijmj jmn bgg ~k` spgg`tlmh ~k`lt ilmlbms ojps` ~k` bpaj~lbms bg ~k` ajm`~s ~k`| obm~tba- ^b

~kì kpijms jmn b~k`t tjo`s jt` mb~klmh! lò`s bg i`j~ lg |bp xjm~- Ibs~ xlaa d` sban js

sajw`s ~b ~k` bx`tgpa tlok iìd`ts bg ~k` àl~`- ^k`| jabmh xl~k ~k`lt spbt~`ts mbtijaa|

nbm“~ dj~ jm `|àln j~ ~k` gjo~ kpijms ojm mb~ s~jmn ~b` ~b ~b` xl~k ~kì lm ~k` jt`mjs- Lm sbi`

Jt`mjs ~k`| hb ~ktbphk ;3 ~b j :33 kpijms jmn kpijm alf` tjo`s `jok nj|! jmn ~k`| jt` ~k`

bm`s flaa`n lm ~k` jo~pja jt`mj ~b tbwln` `m~`t~jlmi`m~ gbt ~k` ijss`s-’

Sjpa abbf`n j~ Tlokjtn js Ejdbo kjmn`n kli jmn Ji| ~k`lt ntlmfs! sk` obpan s`` kls

ibp~k xjs b`m lm skbof- ‑Kbx nb ~k`| h`~ ~k`s` sajw`s2’

‑@l~k`t ~k`| jt` dbtm ~b l~ bt ~k`| s`mn sajw`t ~`jis ~b hj~k`t ~kì- Mbtijaa| l~“s j djh

bw`t |bpt k`jn jmn |bp jt` ~k`m ijm)kjmna`n lm~b ~k` djof bg j Wjm jmn ~kj~“s l~! |bp kjw`

jaibs~ u`tb okjmo` bg `sojlmh bt s``lmh gt``nbi jhjlm!’ tàl`n T`m

‑Bf!’ sk` sjln jmn xtj`n k`t jti jtbpmn _jmntj-

Ejdbo ~j`n k`t bm ~k` skbpan`t jsflmh! ‑Xkj~ ntlmf xbpan |bp ~xb alf` ~b ntlmf2’

‑\`s!’ sk` sjln jmn abbf`n j~ kli jsflmh! ‑kjw` |bp hb~ jm| ja`s bt slilajt2’

‑X` nb! x` kjw` Daji _x``~ Ja` jmn Daji Gb{{`ts Ja`!’ tàl`n Ejdbo-

‑Daji _x``~ Ja`! ~kjmfs!’ sk` sjln-

‑_jmntj2’ jsf`n Ejdbo abbflmh j~ _jmntj- K` jasb ibw`n ~b ~k` b~k`t sln` bg ~k` jlt-

‑A`~ i` ~àa |bp i| s~bt| js l~“s tbdjda| ~k` `jsl`s~ xj| bg ~àalmh |bp xkj~ ~k` kàa ls

hblmh bm!’ sjln Tlokjtn- ‑Eps~ bw`t ~kt`` kpmnt`n |`jts jhb L xjs alwlmh xl~k i| ipi!

Npok`ss Hlaa Okjmo`t bg ~k` Glbal~k S`mlmspaj- L“i ~k` |bpmh`s~ bg gbpt! Mlobajl bt Mloba`! sk`

sàg n`glm`s js ^tjms! Fjt`m! sòbmn lm alm`! kjn j i`m~ja jh` ~k` nbo~bts j~ ~k` ~li` `s~lij~`n

~b d` jdbp~ :3- Mbx x` `s~lij~` k`t jh` ~b kjw` d``m jdbp~ :> ij|d` :0- Ejm` ~kltn jmn ~k`m

i`- L“i w`t| ipok ~k` jnw`m~ptbps ~|` xk`m L xjs |bpmh- L~ xjs j djn ln`j ~b ~`jok i` ~b

xjaf-’ Tlokjtn ~bbf j ntlmf jmn obm~lmp`n! ‑Lg |bp ~bbf |bpt `|`s bgg i` gbt j sòbmn! L xjs

hbm`- Xk`m L xjs jdbp~ ~kt`` x` ibw`n pmn`t ~k` t`zp`s~ bg ~k` Flmh bg Njttlip~k ~b ~tjwà

jmn d` kls ìdjssjnbt ~b ~k` Jejt obpt~- Xk`m L xjs glw` jmn kjag- _bi`bm` a`g~ ~k` gtbm~ nbbt b`m jmn L xjs hbm`- L fm`x `mbphk jdbp~ ~k` s~t``~ `mwltbmi`m~ gtbi i| js~ gbtj|s bp~ bg

~k` kbps`! ~kj~ L xjsm“~ `js| i`j~- L kjn ~jf`m xkj~ i| njn kjn ~jphk~ i` jdbp~ n`g`mnlmh i|



?<<

sàg ~b k`jt~- J obpa` bg ~k` aboja s~t``~ ~bphks sjx i` jmn ~k`| fm`x xkb L xjs ~k`| kjn s``m

i` xl~k ipi jmn njn `mbphk ~li`s jmn ~k` ojphk~ i`- L hjw` ~kì spok j d`j~lmh l~ lit`ss`n

j h`m~ xkb ~bbf i` pmn`t kls xlmh jmn ~jphk~ i` kbx ~b dòbi` j ^ltjmmjm Ijs~`t xklok L

dòji` jh`n 43-’

Ejdbo xjaf`n djof ~b Mlds jmn _jmntj ojtt|lmh ~xb hajss`s jmn j sijaa dbxa- K` p~ ~k`

dbxa bm ~k` gabbt gbt Njtjps jmn ajo`n ~k` ~xb hajss`s bm ~k` sijaa ~jda`- _k` ~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm

jmn tbaa`n k`tsàg j Ojidjt olhjt`~~` jmn al~ l~-

‑Ipi jmn njn kjn db~k abmh d``m tòjaa`n ~b Njttlip~k xk`m L xjaf`n djof Lskptj! ~k`

~k`m m`x ojl~ja- Xk`m L kjn a`g~ ~k` ^ìa` lm ~k` Jejt Ibpm~jlms! mbx l~“s Mjalhj~bt! Jejt

xjs j~ ~k` ~li` j ab~ ajth`t- L dòji` j ~tjwàalmh ilsslbmjt|! kàlmh `ba` xk`m jmn xk`t`

~k`| m``n`n kà- Nptlmh ~kls ~li` L dòji` jxjt` bg xkj~ xjs jtbpmn! _ajw`t ^`jis! ~k` w`t|

mjs~| otlilmja bthjmlsj~lbms! jmn lm sbi` ojs`s ~k` obm~tba bg ~k` w`t| hbw`tmi`m~- L s`m~

`lhk~ |`jts ~tjwàalmh jaa bw`t Upfjttj! Ejttujt! jmn Jgttjnja- L xjs lm Jgttjnja xk`m ~k`

tbk o| kj`m`n- L~ xjs j xjflmh nt ji ~kj~ obmglti`n i| jtal`t spslslbms jdbp~ ~k`

`{ls~`mo` bg ~k` @wlas- L~ ojaa`n gbt jaa ~k` tòll~jm~s ~b ~tjwà ~b j _~bm` oltoa`- Jaa L fm`x xjs

~k` nltò~lbm! @js~-

‑L ~tjwàa`n `js~ jmn xl~klm ~kt`` ibm~ks L kjn jttlw`n j~ ~k` _~bm` Oltoa` lm i| ban

kbi`“s `s~j~`- Ipi jmn Njn kjn db~k nl`n s`w`m |`jts t`wlbpsa|- Mlobajl js sk` xjs fmbxm

xjs bm` bg ~k` obiijmn`ts bg ~k` Flmh Tpagg jti|! Ejm` xjs j obpt~l`t jmn jabmh xl~k Fjt`mtjm ~k` `s~j~` xk`m Mlobajl xjs jxj|- Db~k Ejm` jmn Mloba` xjs sk` xjs xk`m sk` xjs j~

kbi` xàobi`n ~k` mlm` b~k`t tòl`~jm~s jmn xk`m `w`t|bm` xjs ~bh`~k`t nln x` hb ~b ~k`

s~bm` oltoa` xk`t`! jmn L“i mb~ flnnlmh ~k` gpaa ot`j~bt! kjag gìja`! kjag ija` ~ban ps ~k`

tbk o|- L~ obmo`tm`n ~k` obilmh bg j gbto` sbi` ~li` lm ~k` gp~pt ~kj~ xlaa kjw` ~k` jdlal~| ~b

h`~ tln bg ~k` `wlas jmn n`g`mn Njttj Wbm gtbi ~k`lt j~~jofs-’

_k` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn ~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg ~k` ja`- _k` mb~lo`n Ji| jmn Sjpa x`t`

lm~`m~a| als~`mlmh ~b xkj~ Tlokjtn xjs sj|lmh-‑L t`~ptm`n ~b ~k` Ilsslbmjt| xbtf jmn L obm~lmp`n ~b glhk~ ~k` `wlas lm i| bxm xj|-

Jdbp~ sl{ ibm~ks jg~`t s~jt~lmh L xjs obm~jo~`n d| j htbp ojaalmh ~kì sàw`s ~k` Obmslt-

^k`| j~ ~k` ~li` x`t` glhk~lmh ~k` `wlas xk`t` ~k`| obpan! dp~ ~k`| jasb f`~ ~k` xjt klnn`m

gtbi ~k` `to`~lbms bg ~k` ijss`s- ^k`| sjln l~ xjs ~b sjw` bm k|s~`tlj- Mbx x` f`` l~ klnn`m

~b sjw` ~k` xbtan gtbi ~b~ja n`s~tpo~lbm- Js ~k` lmw`m~lw`m`ss bg kpijms jmn n`s~tpo~lw` bx`t

bg ~k` x`jbms ~k`| ot`j~` js lmot`js`n ijsslwà| bw`t ~k` ajs~ ~kt`` kpmnt`n |`jts-’

_k` fm`x Tlokjtn i`jm~ ~k` ijsslw` jts`mjas bg x`jbms bg ijss n`s~tpo~lbm ~k`

obpm~tl`s kjn mbx-

‑Bw`t ~k` gbaabxlmh |`jts ~k` ~xàw` js x` dòji` fmbxm gbphk~! jnwls`n jmn spbt~`n



~k` Obmslt! x` jasb ~bbf ibt` jmn ibt` bg l~ pmn`t ~k` xlmhs bg ~k` ^xàw`- ^k` t`jsbm ls ~kj~

l~ abbfs alf` x` x`t` okbs`m dòjps` x` `jok dtlmh j nls~lmo~lw` sflaa djs` ~b ~k` htbp- Ep)

Nbmh ls bm` bg ~k` a`jnlmh nlabij~s x` lm ~k` Obmsltjo| kjw`! Zp)Njt~k ls ~k` sòbmn! dp~ k`

ls ipok d`~~`t j~ i`nlj~lmh lm nlsp~`s jmn slilajt- L dtbphk~ j ~jo~loja ilmn bma| tlwjaa`n d|

F`w Ijtfs! dp~ k` ls sp`td| j~ a`jnlmh ~k` gbto`s- ^k` tbkò| l~sàg hjw` ps jaa o`t~jlm sflaas

jmn jdlal~l`s- Bm` jdlal~| x` jaa hjlm`n xjs! mbm` bg ps kjw` jh`n lm ~kt`` kpmnt`n |`jts- J

sòbmn ls ~k` jdlal~| ~b wl`x jmb~k`t nli`mslbm! jmn ~k` ~kltn ls ~k` jdlal~| ~b ~tjwà ~b jm|

nli`mslbm x` kjw` d``m ~b t`wlbpsa|! `l~k`t k|slojaa| wlj Ijhlof bt jmn b`m Tlg~ lm ~k`

nli`mslbmja xjaas bg bpt kbi`! bt wlj ~k` wl`xlmh jdlal~|-

‑_bi` 433 |`jts jhb Mlobajl jmn Ejm` gbti`n @okb ^òk Lmo js j xj| bg ~k` @okb

Obpm~| ~tjnlmh xl~k ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` xbtan l~ jasb dòji` ~k` ibs~ `ggò~lw` i`jms gbt ~k`

Obmsltjo| ~b b`tj~`! js j `tsbm bt htbp ~tjwàalmh js jm bgglolja jt~| gtbi @okb ^òk Lmo

xjs a`ss alfà| ~b ntjx spslslbms gtbi aboja `ba`-’

‑Kbx nb`s ~kj~ `ggò~ ps2’ jsf`n Jds-

‑Kbx l~ `ggò~s |bp ls ~kj~ |bp jt` jjt~ bg l~ mbx- Ibs~ bg ~k` lm~àalh`mo`s jmn b~k`t

@wlas! xbpan abw` ~b obm~tba |bp gbpt sb ~k`| ojm `{`tli`m~ bm |bp! jmn ~t| jmn xbtf bp~ xk|

|bp jt` nlgg`t`m~ gtbi jaa ~k` b~k`t jn`~s- L fmbx |bp jaa jt` nlgg`t`m~! db~k i` jmn Ejdbo kjw`

xbtf`n xl~k jn`~s jmn `w`m ~kbphk |bp jt` pmn`thblmh ~k` sji` ~tjmsgbtij~lbms! |bp nb mb~

s`ì ~b kjw` ~k` dlhh`s~ sln` `ggò~ jmn ~kj~ ls jm lmot`js`n i`~jdbalsi! L ojm s`` mbx ~kj~ |bp

jaa jt` dt`j~klmh mbtijaa|! mb~ `tijm`m~a| k|`t)w`m~laj~lmh xklok b~k`t jn`~s nb- Lg j mbtija

Jn`~ kjn eps~ nbm` xkj~ Mlds kjn nbm` ~k`| xbpan kjw` kjn ~b `j~`m j ijsslw` i`ja ~b

tà`mlsk ~k` `m`th| s~bofs ~k`| kjn dptm~-

‑L“w` ~ban |bp jdbp~ ~k` Obmsltjo| ~k` okblo` ls mbx |bpts jmn ~k` bgg`t ~b eblm ls

`tijm`m~-’

‑Lg i| jt~m`t ls p gbt l~ ~k`m sb L“i L!’ sk` sjln jmn abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` tbbi j~ ~k` t`s~

bg ~k` gtl`mns-

‑Xk`t` |bp hb! L hb! Mlds!’ sjln _jmntj! ‑x` jt` jt~m`ts lm jaa ~klmhs-’

‑\bp ojm obpm~ i` lm ~k`m js xàa!’ sjln Jds jmn ^lmj slipa~jm`bpsa| abbflmh alf` ~k`

@wlas kjn d`~~`t s~jt~ d`lmh w`t| ojt`gpa-

‑Abbfs js lg L ilhk~ js xàa hb jmn f`` |bp ab~! jmn ~kj~ lmoapn`s |bp Ji| bp~ bg

~tbpda`!’ sjln Sjpa- ‑L obpan s`` |bp xjm~`n ~b eblm Mlds jmn `w`t|bm` xk`m ~k` bgg`t xjs

ijn`-’

‑L ~klmf l~ ls tbdjda| d`s~ x` nbm“~ ~àa ~k` b~k`ts jdbp~ ~kls j~ ~k` ibi`m~!’ sk` sjln jmn

~bbf j ibp~kgpa bg ntlmf jmn ~k`m t`)al~ k`t Ojidjt olhjt`~~`-‑^kj~ ls w`t| bsslda| j w`t| hbbn ln`j!’ sjln Tlokjtn silalmh j~ ~k` m`xs- ‑Sjpa jmn

_jmntj! xkj~ L ji jdbp~ ~b ~àa |bp ls jm jbabh| jmn jm `{ajmj~lbm jdbp~ o`t~jlm `w`m~s lm



>3:

|bpt js~! ~kj~ mbx |bp jt` jjt~ bg ~k` Obmsltjo| |bp xbpan w`t| alfà| kjw` gbpmn bp~- ^k`

n`j~k bg |bpt ipi jmn njn xjs np` ~b j obidlmj~lbm bg `w`m~s- Lm~àalh`mo` fm`x ~kj~ ~k` sl~`

xk`t` ~k`| xbtf`n kjn jm `m~tjmo` ~b jm pmn`thtbpmn sajw`t djs` aboj~`n bm l~! ~k` ntpis ~kj~

obaajs`n jmn otpsk`n |bpt njn“s ojd xjs jm jooln`m~! j s~tlf` ~`ji! kjn d``m s`m~ lm~b ~k` djs`

jmn ~k` glt`glhk~ ~kj~ t`spa~`n d`~x``m ~k` sajw`t gbto`s jmn ~k` ~`ji ojps` j ilmbt obaajs` lm j

~pmmà ~kj~ tjm pmn`t ~k` ntpis jmn l~ xjs ~kj~ ~kj~ ojps` ~kì ~b obaajs`- @w`t|~klmh às` xjs

js |bp fmbx l~! ~k` obijm| kjn! op~ djof bm ~k` k`ja~k jmn sjg`~| xklok a`n ~b ~k` ntpis

d`lmh pmajd aa`n jmn ~k` sjg ~| slhms mb~ d`lmh t`s`m~- @okb òk wlj bm` bg l~s tps~ gpmns

ijn` spt` ~kj~ |bp jaxj|s x`t` abbf`n jg~`t! ~k`| ijn` spt` ~kj~ |bp x`t` ajo`n lm ~k` klhk

sokbba |bp x`m~ ~b-’

‑^kjmf |bp gbt |bpt jnilsslbm Tlokjtn!’ sjln _jmntj- ‑_b xkj~! ~k` Obmsltjo| ijn` l~

abbf alf` ~k` obijm| kjn nbm` l~ js obi`msj~lbm2’

‑\`s jmn mb! ~k` ~tps~ gpmn gbto`n ~k` obijm| ~b nb l~! wlj ~k` ~kt`j~s bg sbi` w`t|

pdalo ajx spl~s-’

‑Jk! xàa L fmbx L ji htj~`gpa ~b ~kì! js lg l~ kjnm“~ bg kj`m`n ~k`m L xbpan m`w`t

kjw` i`~ Mlds-’

‑\`jk!’ sjln Sjpa-

%%%%%

Jg~`t j obpa` bg kbpts bg okj~~lmh jmn eps~ h`m`tjaa| `meb|lmh ~k` `{oàa`m~ obijm| bg

Ejdbo! Tlokjtn! Kàa Dtlhk~ jmn T`m! sk` mb~lo`n ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`lt gtl`mns h`~~lmh t`jn| ~b a`jw`-

_k` ~ptm`n ~b _jmntj jmn sjln! ‑L“aa d` djof lm j ilmp~` kpm-’

‑Bf!’ sjln _jmntj jmn t`jalu`n xkj~ xjs kj`mlmh bp~sln`- _jmntj jasb s~bbn p jmn

eblm`n k`t js sk` xjaf`n ~b ~k` `{l~ jmn ~bxjtns ~k` gtl`mns-

‑_btt|! L“w` mb~ d``m ipok bg j kbs~-’‑Nbm“~ xbtt| jdbp~ l~!’ sjln Ils~| jmn sk` xlmf`n j~ k`t-

Xk`m sk` sila`n sk` t`jals`n sk` fm`x xkj~ xjs kj`mlmh lm ~k` WLS abpmh`-

Njtaj ~k`m sjln! ‑Mlo` glhk~! `sòljaa| ~k` ajs~ fmbofbp~ ibw`! k` t`jaa| nlnm“~ s`` l~

obilmh-’

‑Jm|xj| L ~klmf x` xlaa k`jn bgg! x` jt` jaa hblmh djof ~b Ils~|“s gbt ~k` t`s~ bg ~k`

mlhk~!’ sjln Hjt|- ‑L ~klmf x` xlaa k`jn kbi` ~bibttbx! js ibs~ bg ps kjw` kjn j ab~ ~b ntlmf!

jmn L fmbx L mb~ hblmh ~b d` sjg` bm ~k` dlf` ntlwlmh kbi`-’

‑X` m``n ~b ~klmf jdbp~ ~k` b`tj~lbm!’ sjln Ils~|- ‑Hlw` ps j tlmh ~bibttbx! sb x` ojm

bthjmlu` j h`~ ~bh`~k`t jmn ajm jmn s~jt~ ~tjlmlmh gbt ~k` b`tj~lbm-’



‑\`jk xlaa nb Ils~|! xk`m x` jt` jaa lm ~k` ajmn bg alwlmh!’ sk` sjln-

‑Kjw` gpm |bp ab~!’ sjln Njtaj- ‑\bp ij| xjm~ ~kls gbt Njtjps-’ Njtaj kjmn`n k`t

Njtjps“ oab~k dbxa-

‑Mlhk~ hp|s!’ sk` sjln js ~k` htbp s~jt~`n ~b n`so`mn ~k` s~jlts k`jnlmh gbt ~k` `{l~-

_k` ~ptm`n jmn ~k` jlt xjaf`n djof ~b ~k` WLS abpmh`-

Jg~`t jmb~k`t kbpt bg okj~~lmh Ejdbo btn`t`n sbi` dajmf`~s jmn opsklbms gbt ~kbs` xkb

xjm~`n ~b h`~ sbi` sa``! xklok kj`m`n ~b d` ibs~ bg ~k` htbp js ~k` nj| kjn d``m j abmh

bm`-

Jg~`t obaa`o~lmh j obpa` bg dajmf`~s jmn opsklbms ~k` jlt ibw`n sbi` bg ~k` sbgjs jmn

ajth` opsklbms jtbpmn sb ~k`| kjn `mbphk tbbi ~b al` nbxm lm obigbt~- _k` ijn` Njtjps j

sijaa d`n bp~ bg bm` bg ~k` dajmf`~s! jmn w`t| sbbm `w`t|bm` `{o`~ Ji| jmn Sjpa xkb x`t`

zpl`~a| ~jaflmh x`t` gjs~ jsa``-

^b D` Obm~lmp`n lm Wbapi` 45^k` Xjof`t Xjt-



>3?

^k` Ijflmh bg Mlds)Wbapi` 45^k` Xjof`t Xjt

Okj~`t :

Aj|lmh bm j sbgj jsa`` xjs Mlds! _jmntj jmn Njtjps! xl~k ~kì lm ~k` WLS abpmh` bg

Oapd Ilaajmj x`t` ^lmj! Jds! Ji|! Sjpa! Tlokjtn Okjmo`t! Ejdbo! Kàa Dtlhk~ jmn T`m- _k`

tbaa`n bw`t jmn b`m`n k`t `|`s ~b abbf lm~b ~k` gjo` bg ~k` bm` `tsbm xkb hjw` k`t alg`

i`jmlmh- _k` t`jals`n k`t b~k`t jt~m`t xjs j~ k`t g``~! opta`n p jmn mb~ lm ~k` sijaa dajmf`~

d`n sk` kjn ijn` ajs~ mlhk~- _k` sxpmh k`t a`hs bp~ jmn sj~ p a`m~ gbtxjtn jmn t`s~`n k`t k`jn

lm k`t kjmns- ‛Xkj~ j mlhk~ ajs~ mlhk~ xjs- L xbmn`t kbx I`~uuj ls-“

_k` gà~ _jmntj sklg~ d`klmn k`t jmn sk` abbf`n nbxm j~ k`t ~b s`` k`t b`m k`t `|`s- J~

~kls sk` sila`n j~ k`t jmn _jmntj t`~ptm`n ~k` sila` jmn sk` hjw` k`t j alhk~ flss bm ~k` als-

‑Nln |bp `meb| |bpt dlt~knj| i| sx``~2’

‑L nln abw` ~k` bma| ~klmh ~kj~ xbpan kjw` ijn` l~ d`~~`t xbpan kjw` d``m kjwlmh i|

jnb~lw` ipi jmn njn k`t` ~bb!’ sk` tàl`n- _k` sila`n j~ s`mnlmh! ~kls! ~k` ibs~ libt~jm~

dlt~knj| bg k t alg` xl~k k`t oabs`s~ gtl mns! sk` `w`m hb~ ~b s`` k`t b~k`t ~xb d`s~ gtl`mns! ‑dp~

~k`| jt` w`t| s~tjlhk~ jmn xl~k sbi` ln`js w`t| oabs`n ilmn`n! L nbpd~ ~k`| xbpan pmn`ts~jmn

i| alg` okblo`s-’

_jmntj sj~ p d`sln` k`t jmn ~k` ibwlmh bg ~k` dajmf`~s xbf` Njtjps-

Mlds abbf`n j~ ~k` oabof jdbw` ~k` djt jmn sjx ~k` ~li` xjs bma| 37503DM-

‑Nbm“~ |bp xjm~ ~b fmbx jdbp~ |bpt dlt~k gjila|2’

‑Lm j xbtn mb!’ sk` sjln lm j ij~~`t bg gjo~ xj|- ‑^k`| nòln`n ~b p~ i` p gbt jnb~lbm

jmn kjw`m“~ ~tl`n ~b obm~jo~ i` slmo`- ^k`| ips~ kjw` ~k`t` t`jsbms gbt ~kj~! jmn lg ~k`| nb `w`t

h`~ lm obm~jo~ l~“s j~ ~kj~ blm~ L xlaa jsf ~kì xk|! jmn jm|xj| L m``n j obgg``-’ _k` +~k`m,

s~bbn p! loflmh p Njtjps“ dbxa jmn ~l)~b`n ~ktbphk ~k` sa``lmh dbnl`s- ^k` s~jgg iìd`t

xkb kjn ijmm`n ~k` djt xjs jsa`` bm j tbaa ij~ lm gtbm~ bg ~k` djt l~sàg- _k` alg~`n ~k` kj~ok

jmn psk`n b`m ~k` gtbm~-

_k` k`jtn ~k` s~jgg iìd`t ibw` jmn sk` abbf`n djof jmn sjx kls `|`s x`t` eps~ jdbp~

b`m- ‑Obgg``2’ sk` jsf`n kli-

K` mbnn`n ‛\`s a`js`“ j~ k`t-

^k` djt jt`j xjs j i`~t` jmn j kjag xln` jmn pmn`t ~k` djt xjs abjns bg hajss`s- Jdbw`

~k` djt jt`j xjs db~~a`s jmn b~k`t ntlmfs- D`klmn ~k` djt j~ ~k` gjt~k`s~ `mn x`t` ~k` f`~~a` jmn

~k` slmf sk` xjs abbflmh gbt- _k` glaa`n ~k` f`~~a` jmn sxl~ok`n l~ bm- Js ~k` f`~~a` xjs dblalmhsk` x`m~ kpm~lmh gbt ops! obgg``! sphjt! ila| jmn j sbbm- _k` gbpmn ~k` ops jmn ~bbf ~kt``-

Eps~ jg~`t glmnlmh ~k` ops sk` gbpmn ~k` t`s~ bg ~k` ntlmfs ijflmh `zpli`m~ sk` xjs abbflmh



gbt jmn hb~ ~kì t`jn|! sk` tjm sbi` xj~`t lm~b ~k` Njtjps“ dbxa jmn ~bbf l~ ~b kli- K` sbbm

kjn kls ~bmhp` ajlmh j~ ~k` xj~`t- _k` otbss`n djof jotbss ~k` abpmh` jmn bpt`n ~k` mbx

dblalmh xj~`t lm~b ~k` ~kt`` ops jmn s~ltt`n ~kì-

Xk`m sk` bgg`t`n ~k` s~jgg iìd`t kls obgg`` k` ~bbf l~ jmn ajo`n l~ bm ~k` htbpmn

d`sln` kli- _k` ojttl`n ~k` tìjlmlmh ~xb ops jotbss ~k` tbbi jmn hjw` bm` ~b _jmntj-

_jmntj ~bbf l~ jmn sl`n j~ ~k` kb~ obgg``-

_k` sj~ nbxm d`sln` k`t jmn ajo`n ~k` op bm ~k` ~jda`- _k` ~bbf bp~ k`t ~lm jmn abjn`n

k`t j~jt jmn sibf`n ~kj~ lms~`jn bg tbaalmh j Ojidjt olhjt`~~`- _k` a`m~ djof jmn xjs eblm`n

d| _jmntj js sk` jasb ajo`n k`t op bm ~k` ~jda`-

‑Xk`m Ejdbo ~ban ps |bp x`t` jnb~`n! L d`hjm ~b xbmn`t jdbp~ xkj~ |bpt t`ja jt`m~s

x`t` alf` jmn lg ~k`| xbpan alf` ~k` `tsbm |bp“w` dòbi`!’ sjln _jmntj js Ejdbo tbaa`n bgg ~k`

sbgj k` kjn s~t`~ok`n bp~ bm-

Ejdbo xbf` xl~k j s~jt~ jmn zplofa| abbf`n jtbpmn ~k` tbbi jmn ~k`m k` sj~ p jmn skbbf

kls k`jn js k` t`jalu`n xkj~ kjn kj`m`n-

^k` xj| Ejdbo kjn jo~`n ~k`m ijn` Mlds zpl`~a| okpofa`- ‑Hbbn ibtmlmh Ejdbo!’ sk`

sjln-

‑Bk! hbbn ibtmlmh ajnl`s!’ t`sbmn`n Ejdbo xklas~ ~ptmlmh ~b s`` xk`t` ~k` wblo`s kjn

obi` gtbi- ‑Nln |bp `meb| |bptsàw`s ajs~ mlhk~! L ips~ jbabhls` gbt ~k` lmoln`m~! dp~ j~ a`js~

~k` bp~obi` xjs sj~lsgjo~bt|-’

‑\`s ~kjmfs!’ sk` tàl`n-

Ejdbo s~bbn p jmn xjaf`n ~bxjtns ~k` djt-

_jmntj a`m~ lm jmn xkls`t`n lm k`t `jt! ‑L ~klmf L fmbx xkj~ dap` i`jms- Kàa Dtlhk~ ls

tbnpolmh j t jaa| bx`tgpa dap` jptj! w`t| slilajt ~b ~k` bm` Ji| ls tbnpolmh- T`m kjs j iln

|àabx spttbpmnlmh kli- L xbmn`t lg k` `w`m fmbxs k`“s nlgg`t`m~- Kàa Dtlhk~“s ls obm~tbaa`n!

T`m“s lsm“~-’

Sjpa s~t`~ok`n jmn js k` dtbphk~ kls jtis djof k` kl~ Ji| xkb xjs jsa`` d`sln` kli-

K` sj~ p jg~`t ijflmh spt` ~k` dajmf`~ nlnm“~ pmobw`t Ji|- K` abbf`n jtbpmn jmn xk`m k`

sjx Mlds jmn _jmntj k` sila`n j~ ~kì-

Njtjps ~k`m jnn`n ~bxjtns xk`t` ^lmj jmn Jds x`t` jsa`` lm `jok b~k`t“s jtis jmn

hjw` ~k`m db~k j sab| flss js j xjf` p ojaa- ^k`| db~k obphk`n jmn sap~~`t`n j~ ~kls- Njtjps

~k`m xjaf`n ~b `jok `tsbm jsa`` jmn hjw` `jok j sab| flss d`gbt` t`~ptmlmh ~b xk`t` Mlds

jmn _jmntj x`t` sj~-

Mlds a`m~ gbtxjtn jmn lof`n p k`t op jmn sj~ djof- _k` sl n l~ jmn da`x jlt bw`t ~k`

sptgjo` ~b obba l~- Ejdbo xjaf`n bp~ jmn sjx `w`t|bm` xjaflmh p jmn k` ajo`n kls op nbxmjmn k`jn`n djof d`klmn ~k` djt- ^k` sxl~ok gbt ~k` f`~~a` xjs sxl~ok`n bm jmn k` ~bbf kls op

jmn kjn j sl- _k` sjx ~k` s~jgg iìd`t s~jmn p jmn ibw` ~b hlw` Ejdbo j kàlmh kjmn-



>30

^`m ilmp~`s aj~`t `w`t|bm` kjn j kb~ obgg`` lm ~k`lt kjmns-

Tlokjtn kjn obi` jmn sj~ d`sln` Mlds jmn _jmntj jmn sjln! ‑\bpt Mje Dajn`s L sjln L

xjm~`n ~b kjw` j okj~ xl~k |bp jdbp~ ~kì! ojm L kjw` j abbf j~ bm`2’

‑\`jk!’ sk` tàl`n jmn ~bbf bm` gtbi l~“s sojddjtn jmn kjmn`n l~ ~b Tlokjtn-

‑Lg xkj~ L ~klmf ls tlhk~ ~k`m ~k`s` jt` j~ a`js~ ;!033 |`jts ban jmn ij| kjw` `l~k`t d``m

ojs~ d| ~k` Oktbi`~ja Ntjhbm ~k` ot`j~bt bg ~k` ^ltjmmj Ijt~lja Jt~s bt ~k` ^ltjmmj Ijt~lja

Jt~s Htjmn Ijs~`t- ’ Tlokjtn b`m`n ~k` kla~ jmn ~bbf j abbf j~ ~k` lmsotl~lbms- ‑T`n jt~m`t`n

xl~k ~k` hban! ht``m xl~k slaw`t! dajof xl~k dtbmu`! dap` xl~k dtjss! xkl~` xl~k ob`t! jmn ~k`

ajs~ bm`!’ sjln Tlokjtn zpl`~a|- K` ~bbf bp~ j sijaa kjmn kàn pml~! slilajt ~b k`t SNP- K`

ajo`n ~k` dajn` jotbss kls aj jmn ps n ~k` s~|aps ~b b`m M`~Wl`x`t- K` abjn`n j jh` gtbi

xkj~ sk` obpan s`` bgg j m`~ s`tw`t- _k` abbf`n j~ ~k` j~k jmn l~ xjs bm` sk` kjn m`w`t s``m

d`gbt - ‑\`jk! ~kls xjs ~k` bma| bm` L obpanm“~ ln`m~lg| j~ tlmh sln` dp~ l~ ls! ~kls l~ ~k` tpm`

s|idba gbt ~k` Oktbi`~ja ntjhbm- Bma| j w`t| g`x bg ~k`s` x`t` `w`t| ijn` jmn jaa bg ~kì jt`

Ht`j~`s~ Tpm` x`jbms- ^k`| jt` w`t| bx`tgpa x`jbms- L xlsk L obpan kà lm xbtflmh bp~

xkj~ ~k`lt jdlal~l`s jt`! L“i mb~ spt` lg L fmbx bg! |`s L nb! _kjttj xbpan d` j hbbn `tsbm ~b

~jaf ~b jdbp~ ~t|lmh ~b xbtf ~kì bp~-’

_k` mbnn`n js Tlokjtn t`j~~jok`n ~k` kla~-

‑Gtbi xkj~ L sjx lm ~k` tlmh ajs~ mlhk~! |bp kjn ~k` ijflmhs bg j ^ltjmmj Ijs~`t- J dtl`g

kls~bt| a`ssbm bm ~k` ^ltjmmj-’‑Ajnl`s jmn h`m~s js |bp jt` hp`s~s bg Oapd Ilaajmj ij| L sphh`s~ x` k`jn gbt ~k`

ojm~``m jmn dt`jfgjs~-’

Mlds jmn _jmntj db~k s~bbn p jmn xjs eblm`n d| Tlokjtn xkb kjmn`n ~k` skbt~ s~jw`

djof ~b k`t- _k` t`)j~~jok`n l~ ~b l~s kban`t jmn gbaabx n `w`t|bm` bp~ bg ~k` WLS abpmh`-

Bp~sln` Tlokjtn obm~lmp`n! ‑^k` ^ltjmmj Ijt~lja Jt~s kjw` d``m jtbpmn gbt obpm~a`ss

ilaalmpi jmn ps` ~b kjw` j sokbba n`nloj~`n ~b `jok bg ~k` ~`m ntjhbms- Glw` x`t` i`~jaalo jmn

glw` x`t` Oktbij~lo! jmn bp~ bg ~k` ~`m sokbbas j htjmn ijs~`t xjs okbs`m jmn dòji`jt`m~lo`n ~b ~k` t`wlbps! pm~la ~k` t`wlbps nl`n jmn ~k` s~pn`m~ dòji` ~k` ijs~`t jtbpmn

:3!333 |`jts jhb ~k` ~k`m Htjmn Ijs~`t nl`n jmn kls gìja` s~pn`m~ dòji` ~k` Htjmn Ijs~`t!

sk` ~bbf jm jt`m~lo` jmn d`hjm ~b ~`jok k`t ~k` jt~s bg ~k` ^ltjmmj-’ K` p~ ìkjsls bm ~k`

xbtn! ‛k`t“- ‑K`t s~pn`m~ xjs ~k` i`~jibtkbs`n Oktbi`~ja jmn ijn` ~kt`` jlts bg Mje

Dajn`s- ^k` Htjmn ijs~`t kjs bm` s`~! ~k` s~pn`m~ kjn j s`~ jmn ~k` ~kltn nlsj`jt`n- ^kj~“s js

ipok js L fmbx gtbi i| bxm t`s`jtok lm~b l~ jmn a`ssbms gtbi i| ijs~`t-’

‑Bf! ~kjmfs-’ _k` kjn ~k` abbf bg! ‛^kls ls hblmh ~b d` lm~`t`s~lmh ~b abbf lm~b“-

‑Nb |bp fmbx ~k` tbwlmolmh bg ~kì2’

‑Mb! |bp“t` ~k` sòbmn `tsbm ~b jsf i`- Njtaj dbphk~ ~kì js i| dlt~knj| t`s`m~- L



xbpan jsf k`t-’

‑^kjmfs L xlaa-’

Jg~`t xjaflmh gbt j g`x ilmp~`s ~ktbphk ~k` obttlnbts! Ejdbo a`n ~kì nbxm j tji ~kj~

sk` xbtf`n bp~ xbpan a`jn ~kì lm ~k` djsì`m~ bg ~k` kbps`- ^k` obttlnbt b`m`n lm ~b j w`t|

ajth` tbbi xl~k ~x`m~| jlts bg abmh ~jda`s! xl~k `jok ~jda` xjs j jlt bg d`mok`s jmn d`~x``m

`jok s`~ xjs j hbbn ~kt`` i`~t` hj- Jabmh ~k` gjt xjaa xjs j djttl`t`n bgg jt`j d`klmn xklok

xjs tjof pbm tjof bg xkj~ abbf`n alf` gbbn! dt`jfgjs~ gbbt-

‑^k` Ojm~``m k`t` ls sàg s`twlo`! gt`` ~b s~jgg jmn hp`s~s jmn njim `{oàa`m~!’ sjln

Tlokjtn js Ejdbo a`n ~k` htbp lm~b ~k` tpm-

_k` ~bbf bm` bg ~k` ~tj|s jmn jsf`n Tlokjtn! ‑Kbx ipok ojm x` ~jf`2’

‑Js ipok js ls t`zplt`n!’ tàl`n Ejdbo js k` s~bbn bm ~k` b~k`t sln`- K` paa`n Tlokjtn

djof jmn xkls`t`n sbi`~klmh lm~b kls jt- K t k`jtlmh loflmh l~ p! ‑T`bt~s gtbi j obpa` bg

`ba` jt` Xjof`t Lmo jt` p ~b sbi`~klmh! ~k`| jt` jtjnlmh j w`t| ajth` dbn| bg obtbtj~`

sòptl~| jmn ~k`lt ilal~jt|-’

Tlokjtn s~b`n jmn abbf`n xln` `|`n j~ kli- ‑Djof lm j dl~!’ sjln Tlokjtn jmn k`

nlsj`jt`n jg~`t kjmnlmh Ejdbo kls ~tj|- Ejdbo ~bbf ~k` ~tj| jmn ibw`n lm d`klmn ~k` jlt-

‑Kbx“s I`~uuj2’ sk` jsf`n-

‑K` ls bf! sa``lmh bgg ~k` glhk~! gtbi xkj~ ~k` nbo~bts sj|! k`“s mb~ kj| j~ jaa- _ptjdbm

sjx kli glts~ ~klmh! k` eps~ abbf`n j~ kls sa``lmh dbn| jmn a`g~ xl~k kls s~pn`m~s! ~xb bg

I`~uuj“s gtl`mns s~j|`n xl~k kli jaa mlhk~ ~k` b~k`ts x`t` p~ p lm ~k` hp`s~ zpjt~`ts- ^k`

nbo~bts xlaa okòf kli bw`t ~kls ibtmlmh jmn ~k`m tà`js` kli-’

T`m a`n ~k` gtl`mns ~b bm` bg ~k` ~jda`s jmn ~k`| sj~ nbxm- J obpa` bg s~jgg iìd`ts!

db~k x`t` x`jtlmh ~k` sji` obabpt`n ~bs js k`t a`m~ ~ptm`n jmn sjln! ‑Mlo` glhk~-’

_k` abbf`n j~ ~kì lm spttls` jmn sjln! ‑^kjmfs-’ _k` sj~ xl~k _jmntj sl~~lmh d`sln` k`t

jmn Njtjps xkb xjs pmn`t ~k` ~jda`- _k` ajo`n j aj~` xl~k j obpa` bg sjpsjh`s bm jmn k`t

xj~`t dbxa d`sln` k`t- D| ~k` ~li` sk` kjn t`~tl`w`n k`t kjmn ~k` sjpsjh`s kjn hbm` jmn

Njtjps xjs ajlmh j~ ~k` xj~`t-

J obpa` bg ilmp~`s aj~`t Tlokjtn t`~ptm`n jmn k`t SNP s~jt~`n ~b wldtj~` jmn aj| Nà~j

the making of nibs-volume1-the beginnings

Documents