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USEAct Thematic Network I Urban sustainable environmental actions
USEAct CASE STUDIES Catalogue
THE PLAN OF 100 STATION: improvement of transport infrastructures
and opportunity of regeneration with modern architecture and public
spaces
USEACT CASE STUDY
City Council of Naples (Italy)
USEACT “Theme”
1. Planning tools and planning governance for Urban Growth
Management (UGM) and reusing urban areas
USEACT Subtheme
1.5 Transportation and planning for Urban growth
Management
Summary abstract
An interesting aspect of the policy of Naples is the link between urban interventions, land use
management and plans for the management of the transportation network. The re-organization of the
infrastructural system is improving train and metro connection has been managed since 1997 (Local
Transport Plan), to better connect the suburbs to the city centre and to positively influence the urban
environment, especially close to the newly restored metro-stations (Piano 100 stazioni, 2003). The
reduction of car traffic, with the definition of a restricted traffic large area corresponding to the areas of
the historical city centre and a part of the waterfront, is complementary to increase the transport
network and is one of the key actions in view of the redevelopment of a wide area of the city centre.
Setting and Key
questions/Challenges
Integration of transport planning policy as key question for Urban Growth
Management. In Naples, the process of preparation of the transport and
mobility planning instruments is carried out along with that of town planning.
This has brought together strategies and goals which are not always found in
the planning documents of different sectors. In particular, among the main
goals for urban development are: the reduction of traffic congestion; the
contextual improvement of urban quality through redevelopment; spaces for
different kind of activities which are directly linked to the public transport
network. One strategy is the desire for town and transport planning solutions
aimed at raising the levels of accessibility to the various areas of territory
through an integrated transport network which pivots around railways. This
runs in common with the policies defined by the regional government
instruments which are made available by the Naples Council Administration.
These include the 1997 Council transport Project, the Primary Infrastructure
Net Plan and the General Masterplan which was developed during the period
1004-2004.
The renovation and extension of the underground network and its station has
been of particular importance. For Naples, a city renowned for its traffic
congestion, the opportunity to increase the role of fast underground public
transport is essential. Before the Hundred Station Project, the Naples
underground network numbered a total of 57 stations, while the network
development project foresees 114 stations, of which a large number will be
finished by 2015. The lines involved in the project will function as crossover
links for the main stops in the historic city centre. Line 1 will also connect to the
Capodichino Airport and Line 6 to the centre of the area facing the sea in the
direction of Posillipo. Montesanto station has also been involved, which is the
arrival point for the centre of Naples for the “Circumflegrea” regional rail
network and the cable railway.
As has already been mentioned, the aims of the “100 stations project” linked to
the development of the underground rail network are many. However, the aim
of using the stations as opportunities of redevelopment and valorisation of
urban areas which are presently run down is certainly one of the most
important. To this end, the planning of the stations has been assigned to a
series of internationally prestigious architects (Gae Aulenti, Mario Botta,
Massimiliano Fuksas, Janis Kounellis, Dominique Perrault, Richard Rogers,
Álvaro Siza to cite but a few). This has been to focus on new and high quality
work which is internationally recognisable in the problematic but extraordinary
context of Naples.
The “stations” projects are not limited to the buildings and the interiors of the
stations, even if there are the works of contemporary art in the existing and
new stations (the “Art Station”). The projects have often extended to an
extensive urban redevelopment of the surrounding areas. It is thus the key tool
of a “urban point renew” strategy and at the same time a tourist and cultural
valorisation of many neglected sites. In some cases, the projects are located in
non-historic areas of the city. This has allowed not only a physical, but also a
cultural redevelopment (potentially of tourist interest) in recently built (and
often problematic) areas. This was to maximise the effects not only in terms of
transport but also in urban, and thus, economic and social.
An example of this valorisation/Reuse policy is linked to the archaeological
heritage found during digging, some of which is of upmost importance. These
artefacts were “included” in the stations project (the “Archaeology Station”,
located mostly in the area close to the central area).
Procedures and actions
New Architecture and renewal of public spaces, as strategies for Urban
Regeneration. In Naples experience a lot of attention is paid to the realization
of projects characterized by high quality standards both from the technical
point of view (the underground of Naples is one of the most recent and is being
carried out to the highest design standards) that urban-architectural.
From the earliest planning stages are involved as well as transport experts,
including planners and architects of international renown with the dual aim of
maximizing the benefits in terms of urban planning and construction of the
infrastructure as an opportunity to take advantage of deep architectural and
urban regeneration of the streets, public spaces, access routes to the
infrastructure.
The redevelopment or construction of each station becomes an opportunity for
the creation of a true work of art as well as an opportunity to intervene on the
quality of the infrastructure.
One of the main areas of involvement to strengthen the underground system
was the historic city centre which is the main area of the urban structure and
the platform for the merging of the lines. In this area there are 26 of the 144
stations: 13 have already been completed, 2 will be completed by 2015, 4 are
in the planning stages and 4 more are foreseen. The interventions also involve
other areas of the city: not only the historical and monumental city (ex.
Toledo/Montecalvario, via Duomo, Piazza Municipio), but also peripheral areas
degraded (ex. Centro Direzionale, Piscinola, Scampia).
Lessons learned and
utility
The Hundred Station Project: art, architecture and town planning to renew
the districts. In a underground/subway development plan, the station
infrastructure is a fundamental pivot. With the Hundred Station Project Naples
Council has confronted the challenge of strengthening the whole rail transport
network of the whole Naples metropolitan area: railway, cable railway,
Circumflegrea Regional rail network, Circumvesuviana rail network and finally
the underground network. The opportunity has been taken to link to this
engineering project of the “stations” also the redevelopment of exterior public
spaces and the areas around the station. More generally it has also included
the introduction to the city of architectural and artistic works of high quality, to
the benefit of both the citizen and the tourist. In this way sensitising the citizen
to use urban space in a respectful way. This has made Naples a globally
appreciated “model” for different cities all over the world.
Awards:
• Campania Region was awarded in London for the "Most Innovative
Approach to Station Development" prize, given to the undergroung
network of naples and Campania Region, in the frame work of "Metros
2009"
• LEAF Awards 2013 (announced the 20th September in London) for the best
Public Building of the Year Transport – Infrastructure. The Emirates Glass
LEAF Awards honour the architects designing the buildings and solutions
that are setting the benchmark for the international architectural
community.
One of the critical aspects is certainly the difficulty incurred during the project
execution, due to unforeseen events (archaeological finds, in particular) that
have predicted a longer time for the realization. The city has undergone a
modification of urban mobility, due to the work in progress, which has had to
adapt to new sites, in key areas of the city.
In some cases, the introduction of large areas of restricted traffic zones has
solved this problem by reducing road traffic, but the transaction has been
many controversies by the citizens, resulting in a succession of protests against
the Limited traffic zones.
Bibliographic and
further sources
a) Bibliographic sources :
City Council of Naples, Infrastructure Department
web-sites:
www.comune.napoli.it; www.metro.na.it
http://www.archilovers.com/p87578/Toledo-metro-station-Napoli
b) Contacts/interviews
Gaetano Mollura
Role in the USEAct Project: Project coordinator/Lead Partner
tel. /mob. : +39 081 7958932 - +39 3395677396
Enclosed Pictures
Garibaldi
Miano
Cilea
Nicolardi
Campi flegrei
Stadera
Cinthia
Giochi del
Aeroporto
Tribunale
Sirena
1994 45 stations
2011 61 stations
The Council transports project and the 100 stations project
Garibald
Piscinol
Vanvitell
Montesant
Campi
Ponticell
Pianur
Bagnol
Poggioreal
The transports system in 2002