VO L. 1 THE CLEME NTS LIBRARY ASSO C IATES N O .1

interest to the Briti sh governm ent.Some were Americans living inLondon, others were Englishmen whohad neve r seen the colonies, many werelawyers, some were Members ofParliament, but all of them werefamiliar with government politics,acco mplished in the art of "dancing

attendance" on theofficials who madecolonial policy.They frequented thecoffeehouses ofWestminister andthe City, wherepoliticians, bankers,and merchantstrading with thecolonies gathered totalk and read thelatest Lond on newsor Americandispatches. Regu­larly attending theHouse of Commons,they followed thedebates from thevisi tors' gallery andkept their clientsinform ed aboutlegislation thataffected America.

Colonial agent s had no standing in lawor the fonnal constitutional structure ofthe British Empire, yet they played animportant role in making the imperialmachine work, and work fairl y well,given the problems of distance andinformati on. Agents were the ones whobrought a colony' s business to thegovernment's attention. Following theinstruction s they received from theirconstituents, agent s drafted petitionswhich they presented to the Board ofTrade or the Privy Council - areq uest for repairs to a fort or men togarrison it, a plea for money to buy the

THE COLONIALAGENT: IMPERIALLOBBYISTThe colonial agent is an obscure figurein early American history. Few of usknow that Benjamin Franklin firstmade his reputation in London as agentfor Penn sylvania in the late l750s,much less what his job entailed .

In fact, an agent was half-lobbyist,half-ambassador, employed by anAmerican colony to repre sent its

wealth of new material available tothem, and to encourage those who havenot yet visited the Library to come andexplore. We take advantage of thisoccasion, this rene wal , to greet oldfriends and welcome new ones to theClements Library.

Charle ston was a thriv ing port in the /7605. Exports of rice and indigo, both cropscultivated by slave lahor, brought annual profi ts ofhalfa million pounds sterlinginto the South 's only large colonial city. In this view from Scenographia Americana(London, 1768), Charlestown is shown f rom across the Coope r River with Gran villeBastion on the far left and Saint Philip '5 Church on the right.

With the hope that friend s and col­leagues will enjoy hearing news of ouractivities, the Cleme nts Library proudlyresumes publication of The Quarto. In1942 Library DirectorRandolph Adamsbegan The Qua rto asan occasional publica­tion aimed at the rarebook and manuscriptcollector. Five yearslater, when theClements LibraryAssociates wasfounded, it becamethe newsletter of thisfirst "friends"organization at TheUniversi ty of Michi­gan, occup ying thisrole unt il the 1980s.Much has changedsince then, and wewant to reflect thosechanges in TheQuarto. The LibraryAssociates nowinclude a highlydiverse group from allover the country,whose historical interests are as variedas their backgrounds and ways of life.In the last ten years the Library hasgreatly expanded its holdin gs, movinginto new collecting field s and addingdepth to old ones. As this is written,renovations to our building are underway. These are exciting times at theClements Library, and we want to sharethe exc itement - to tell our Associatesabou t the fine acqui sitions which havebeen made through their generou sgiving, to inform resea rchers who haveused our resources in the past about the

THE QVARTO,NEW SERlES

THE SOLDIER'S LIFE: THE SCHOFFCIYI L WAR COLLECTION

Indian presents they hoped would buyallegiance or stave off an attack, aclaim to land in dispute with anothercolony, or an appli cation to expand thecolony's export market. What ever theissue, these petit ions were supported byreports. statistics , or statements byinterested partie s. information about theAmerican colonies gathered to impressthe British government. As a result, thecolonial agents created an invaluablehistorical record.

A fascinating piece of that recordwas recently acquired by the Clement sLibrary, a letterbook containing thecorrespondence of South Carolinaagent Charles Garth and his predeces­sor James Wright. later Governor ofGeorgia. It adds a substantial numberof letters not included in the Garthletterbook published in the South.Carolina History and Genealogica lM agazine. The letters, written between1758 and 1766, cove r the tumultuou sfinal years of the French and IndianWar and the firs t stage of the AmericanRevolut ion, the Stam p Act Crisis.

Wright's letters of 1758-60, dealwith wartime crises - wrangling withthe Board of Ordnance for cannon tofortify Charleston Harbor, convincingthe Admiralty to provide convoys toprotect South Carolin a ships tradingwith London, getting the Secretary atWar, "after long sollicitation and muchtrouble," to approve payment of "all theexpences whatever, on acco unt of theWar." His petition to the Treasury inNovember 1758 reveals the colony'svulnerability on two fronts, from Indianattacks on settlements in the backcountry and from slave uprisings onplantations in the low country. "Twothousand pounds worth of good s to beused as presents" were urgently needed"to gain the support of the Choctaws, aswell as Cherokees , Cree ks, andChic kasaws who regularly come intoCharlestown. Together these tribeshave 10,000 Gun Men," that the Frenchcould incite again st the colony 's "8 ,000men, who have 60,000 slaves to keep inproper subjection." Within two yearsof Wright's petition , South Carolinawas embroiled in bloody warfareaga inst the Cherokee.

Garth's letters, written in theaflerrnath of the Seve n Years' War,report the polici es " relative to North

America, then beginni ng to be inagitation ," as Britain tightened controlover her colonies. In May 1764 Garthfirst heard detai ls of Grenville's plan toraise revenue in America from stampduties and warned, " It is of greatconcern to the Colonies not to suffer aprecedent of this kind." As Americanresistance mounted, Garth and hisfellow agents organi zed oppos itionamong London 's merchants. When abill repealing the Stamp Act passed theHouse of Commons in March 1766,Garth could take a measure of credit forits succes s. University of MichiganEmeritus Professor of History Jacob M.Price has commen ted, " In the dozen orso years before the Ame rican Revolu-

On March 14, 1863, Private CharlesHenthorn of the 77th Illinois Infant rywrote to his father from Milliken'sBend, Louisiana, 25 miles aboveVicksburg on the Missi ssippi:

Grant's army is said to stretchfor a distance of seventeen milesalong the river. The inner side of thelevee is thickly marked with gravesso taking it all together there has beena great number of deaths sincecoming down the river. The numbermay reach thousands. . .. The futurehistorian will record the number whofell on the memorable Battlefields ofBull Run, Donelson, Shiloh andothers but who shall know thenumber who have perished by diseasebefore Yorktown and amid themiasmatic swamps of theChickahominy.

Henthorn could not have realizedthat his letters to father, brother, andsister would themselves beco me a richsource of evidence for " the futurehistorian" of his musings. Even so , thedetail and eloque nce of his writingabout "this "accursed rebe llion" showthat he was well aware of the signifi ­cance of this vast enterp rise in whichhe played such a sma ll part, and inwhich he hoped to acquit himself withhonor. "How anxiously the world iswatching our struggle for exis tence,"he wrote. "[I]f this experiment in self­government by the people shall fail,

tion, the agen ts of the Thirteen Colon iesin London were in an unrivaled positionto see, analyze, and explain the emer­gence of the cris is. Few were betterobserver-reporters than Charles Garth,Member of Parliament and agent forSouth Caro lina , Georgia, and Maryland .His letters to his American employerswere particularly perceptive anddetai led . Thu s the acquisition by theClements Library of a letterbookcontaining Garth's report s to the SouthCarolina legislative conunittee ispart icularly noteworthy and greatlystrengthens the library's holdin gs on thegenesis of the American Revolut ion."

where are the oppresse d and the down­trodden millions of the eart h to look forhope of better days."

Henthorn's lofty ideal s wouldaccord with the contemporary popul artendency to romant icize the Civil War,portray ing it as a gallant, if brutal,face-off between tho se who fought topreserve the Union and the defendersof what was to be a tragic "lost cause."Such popularization s, whether in hook ,movie, or televised form, tend to depictthe participants in the war as truebelievers, as willing and courageouswarrio rs. Indeed, many were. Histo­rian Gera ld Linde rman 's psychologicalprofi le of Civi l War soldi ers, EmbattledCourage, depicts a widespreadallegiance to Victori an-era virtues­courage, manliness, duty, honor,godliness , knightliness. As the warwore on, these ideals were more likelyto beco me replaced by bitterness anddisillusion, although years after the factthe romantic myth of a heroic warstrongly reasserted itself.

But perhaps for every PrivateHenthorn, with his patrio tism, anti­slavery senti ments, and disapproval ofplundering, there is a Robert Sherry.The 32-year-old carriage maker fromBuffalo, New York, served as a privatein the 2 1st and 97th New York Infantryregiments from May 186 1 untilNovember 1863 , when he died of

PAG E 2 T H E Q1JARTO

"A rough soldier in a rough regiment. " Private RobertSherry, 21st and 97th New York Infantry.

respiratory disease in an annyhospital. In Sherry's letters tohis wife. an image of the warmore akin to Ambrose Biercethan Currier and Ives emerges.for he was a rough man in arough regiment. Relationsbetween officers and enli stedmen, troubled from thebeginni ng. ended in a mutinywhich saw 20 men sent to theTortugas to serve "withoutarms, until they show them­selves more wo rthy to bearthem." The embittered Sherrywrote that "I hope that I shalllive long enough to see the daywhen we will get into somebattle that will be the means ofgetting a great portion of ourOfficers killed or wounded sothat they will never be fit forduty again." The feelings weremutual. While Sherry was onguard duty his CompanyCaptain murdered the soldier 's pet dogwith an ax : "[ ItI made me very mad atthe time and I ca lled him any thing buta gentleman and he threatened to haveme court marshield but I guess that heis afraid to do so for I told him as muchas to say that I wo uld as soon or rathershoot him as the dog in the batt le fieldand a great deal rather than one of theenemy." The pugnacious Sherryenjoyed looting and fighting, andharbored no illusions about a noblecause . Resentful of the Republ icanParty and its championing of "adamnigger:' Sherry muses about returningto Virginia after the war for an easy.well -paying job on a plantation.

The Henthorn and Sherry papersrepresent but a tiny part of the richlyvaried Civil War collection at theClements Library. but they give someidea of its value as a window into theworld of the Civil War soldier-his lifein camp. experiences in battle, views onthe war, the enemy. African-Americans,and his fellow-soldier, and the effect ofthese ex periences and attitudes on thelife of eac h individual. Users of theco llection are nearly as varied as theresources themsel ves. Resea rchers offami ly history, writers of regimen talhistory. undergraduate studentsfulfillin g their university writingrequirements. graduate students seeking

-

material for theses, academ ic historianswith specialized research interests.popular historians who interpret thewar and its characters for a wideraudience- many types and levels ofresearch and teaching are served by theClements' Civi l War resources.

University of Michigan HistoryProfessor Maris Vinovskis teaches apopular co urse on the soc ial history ofthe war, taking adva ntage of thecollect ions and curators of theCleme nts and Bentley Libraries to offerundergraduates an intensive experiencein original research and writing. Hefeels that they leam firsthand thechallenges and rewards of "doing"history. While they are learnin g, theyrub elbows (sometimes almost literally,when researchers till every availablespace and then some) with moreseasoned historians, who are oftenpreparing publications based onmaterial in the collections. Currently,studies on General P.G.T. Beauregard,the 19th Connecticut Infantry Regi­ment , the Battle of Bentonv ille, NC, the16th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment,j unior officers of the Army of thePotomac, and the Fredericksburgcampaig n are under way. Notedhistorian Stephen Scars is at work onan article concerning disloya lty chargesagainst Union General Charles P. Stone

and was most pleased to findthat the library owns a uniqueaccount written by Stone on hiscase. He also made extensiveuse of Clements materials in hisbook on the Peninsular cam­paign, To the Gates oJ Rich­mond.

How did this magnificentco llection come to be? Fromsmall begi nnings! In 1972,when present Clements DirectorJohn Dann joined the staff asCurator of Manuscripts, thelibrary had scant Civil Warholdin gs, for past Directors hadchose n to concentrate onprevious historical periods,building impressive researchcollections in early Americana.But Dann is a Civil Warenthusi­ast, and he found himself in theright place at the right time.Long-time Clements benefactorand board member James S.

Schoff had, in the 1950s, shifted hisperson al collectin g interests from theAmerican Revolution to the Civi l War.and by the early 1970, possessed thefinest privately-held collec tion of itskind. As the two men struck up afriendship based on shared historicalinterests. Schoff came to appreciate thatDann had the motivation and ex pertisenecessary to exploit the full potential ofhis co llec tions - to catalog them,promote them with students andscholars, and build upon the initial giftin coming years. Schoff' s personalphilosophy was to give not to institu­tions, but to peop le, and his relation­ship with Dann and then LibraryDirector Howard H. Peckham decidedhim in favor of the Clements as a homefor his Civil War co llec tion. Between1973 and 1976 he donated around 20soldiers' diaries or se ts of personalletters, 706 book s, and approximate ly800 miscellaneous letters. When Dannbecame Director in 1976 he madefrequent visits to Schoff in New York,sharing with him acquisition decisionsand adding to the Civil War collect ionboth at Schoff 's and the library'sexpense. ~

Most purchases were initiallymade at New York auctions , butincreasingly Dann developed a networkof dealer contacts throughout the

THE Q!)ARTO PAGE 3

"Head Quarters, Gen 'l. Torbert near Winchester. Va., Nov. /864. "

country. As word spread that theClements Library was very much "inthe Civil War," and potent ial donorsbecame aware of the special care whichwould be given their family papers,more gift collect ions were attrac ted.The detailed correspondence ofPennsylvania's Miller brothers, HarrySimm ons' journal and fine watercolorsketches, surgeon George Trowbridge'sdaily accounts of military life to wifeLebby, and the letters of Colonel HenryC. Gilbert of the 19th MichiganInfantry Regiment are exa mples of thefine collections which have beendonated in recent years . Prese ntly theSchoff Collection has some 150 diariesand sets of correspondence, 1400additional single items - but it' sgrowing so quickly, in both size anddiversity, that these figures changefrom month to month. In addition,there are important Civil War collec­tions, such as the Handy, Haskell, andGilbert papers, which fall outside of theSchoff Collection. The Clements isparticularly strong in documentin gVirginia engage ments, Vicksburg andthe early Mississippi campaigns,prisons and priso ners of war. andregiments from the states of New York ,Penn sylvania , Ohio, Illinois, andMich igan. There is extensive coverageof medical aspec ts of the war and ofpolitica l prisoners. Other topicssignificantly treated in the variouscollections include African-Americanregiments, the experience of womenboth in the war and on the home front,mili tary chaplains, and naval opera­tions, Current Curator of ManuscriptsRob Cox actively seeks to extend the

Schoff Collection into areas which arepresentl y less fully docum ented here:the expe riences of Confedera tesoldiers, African-Americans, womenand ethnic minorities. regiments fromthe border states, the west, and northernNew England, operation s in thewestern theater of the war, and guerrillawarfare. Photographic collections haveexpanded from a solid base don ated byMr. Schoff, including Brady andGardiner, to outstanding strength.

Growth of the collections hasbrought increased use and a spreadingreputation for exce llence. In additionto helping researchers who visit thelibrary to work with the materials inperson, the curators respond to an ever­swelling volume of correspondence:answering questions, preparingphotocopies, sending papers out to bemicrofilmed. In a recent letter StephenSears inqu ired about James Schoff,commenting that he must have been"some collector." Indeed he was, andthe collection which bears his namehas. from the solid core of material swhich he dunated, evo lved into apremier resource for historians of theCivi l War.

Among the gems of a greatcollection is the Nathan Webb diary.Young Webb left a remarkable five­volume record of his experiences inone of the most active Union cavalryregime nts, the I st Maine. The Method­ist seminarian enlisted fresh out ofschool at the age of 19 and saw threehard years of service, mostly inVirginia, His entries. includingacco unts of batt les and skirmishes,opinions of officers and strategy.

anecdotes of camp life and encounterswith civilians, views on military ethicsand on those who opted not to fight, arepowerfully vivid and insightful. A stintin Belle Isle Prison is depicted withgreat emot ional intensity. Even acursory glance at Webh 's diary rewardsthe reader. Il ere, he writes bitterly of apoorly-led and failed campaign, and ofthe sting of being cri ticized by thosesafe at home:

Received some Northern paperstoday. They are full of the particularsof the "Mine Run Campaign." Theyteem with accounts of the fruitlessnessof the affair. I admit it all amountedto nothing, There was no unity ofaction certain, and I don't believethere was any well laid plan. What aprivates opinion may be of thecommander of an Army, is of littleaccount I am aware. but .. . I kno wthat Meade is not an able General. notone who should be entrusted with thecommand of such an Anny as this.The campaign just through withdemonstrates to a certainty that he hasnot the requisite independence to takecommand. . . . Although thecampaign is a failure. and it reallyamounted to nothing to the cause, yet.to those who are now in their snugparlors before the glowing grate,talking about how the men didn't fightand lacked stamina. and were listlessand demoralised. I would have themunderstand that to the individualsoldier, to the man in the rank, theMine Run Campaign amounted to agreat deal. It amounted too much tothose who lived from parsnips threedays on picket. who marched &counter marched in the mud throughcold raw November days, much to

PAGE 4 TH E Q1JARTO

those poor fellows who overcome byfatigue & hunger lay down to rest a whileand awoke to find themselves in theenemy's hands, with Libby and Belle Islelooming up before them like ghouls in thedark. It amounted too much to those shoton rear guard while retreating. and fell tothe frozen ground, to be left to the merciesof an inhuman foe. It amounted too muchto those frostbitten and maimed for life inthe trenches before Mine Run. It amountedtoo much to the friends of those who werefrozen to death while on post in thosetrenches. It amounted too much to those athome whose sons, husbands, & brothersfell on those days. either dead, or tolanguish days in all the agony of mortalwounds. How I wish these croakers wereonce, just once, put in our places. I shouldlike to see them once when we were

charging a battery loaded with grape andcanister. J should like to see them once onpicket when next post has been fired upon.I should like to see them once when for 48hours they had nothing but raw parsnips toeat and then have them give out If theythen returned to their homes they neveragain would croak over the failure ofcampaigns, save to condemn Officers whothink more of their position than theircountry.

Idealistic Charles Henthorn, bare­fisted Robert Sherry, well-educated,analytical Nathan Webb: these threerepresent the varied soldierly experi­ences and attitudes to be found in theSchoff Collection. From their wordsthe real Civil War comes into view ­not as a set of romantic, simplistic

tableaux, but as an event of greatphysical. emotional. and moral com­plexity. Only from a comprehension ofthis complexity can valid history bewritten, And only a great deal ofenergy and forethou ght produces such arich source of evidence. The Civil Warcollect ions at the Clements Libraryhave been painstakingly put togetherthrough the well-planned, ambi tiousefforts of James S. Schoff, Howard H.Peckham , the director and curators,combined with the generosity of manyother donors. Thank s to such efforts,the Schoff Civil War Collec tion willcontinue to grow.

SH ENAN DOAH . 1864:"VERY ROUGH SKETCHES" BY EDGAR KLEMROTH

In the fall of 1864 Sherid an's armydevastated the Shenandoah Valley,playing out a brutal episode in theclimactic confrontationbetween Lee and Grantin Virginia. Taking partin the action as Corpo-ral in the Sixth Pennsyl-vania Volunteer Cavalrywas 26-year-old EdgarKlemroth, whose threeyears of service madehim a seasoned veteranby Civil War standards.The New York City­born Klemroth hadmoved to Philadelphiain 1858 and joined upas a Pennsylvanian in186 I . His enlistmentpapers descr ibe theyoung man as five feeteight inches tall, oflight complexion, and abook binder by trade ­but, as we shall see, anartist by inclinati on.KIemroth was to havehis difficulties in theArmy, On September 13, 1862, on theeve of a skinnish with Lee's army nearFrederick in western Maryland,Klemroth complained of "heart

palpi tations," and upon being examinedby the regimental surgeon was pro­nounced "very much excited" and

t-r-'

ordered to the rear wagons. Heevidentl y went farther than the rearwagons, winding up in Washington,DC. He was tried in a General Court

Martial on charges of absence withoutleave. Pleading guilty, the youngCorporal was reduced to Private, his

stripes cut off in thepresence of his regi­ment, and ordered toforfeit $6.50, roughlyhalf his monthly pay, forsix months. Yet after allthis, Klemroth re­enlisted in January1864. By August hewas on "detached duty"to General Torbert' scavalry corps headquar­ters, of the MiddleMilitary District.

It turned out to be adisquieting spot for aman suffering fromheart palpitations, forthe Union cava lry wasto playa decisive role inthe Shenandoahcampaign. Ordered byGrant to follow Early"to the death," to (urnthe Valley into "a barrenwaste," Sheridan had

still begun cautiously, well aware of thedisasters that had dogged other Union

- continued on page 7

THE QYARTO PAG E 5

Righ t: "Letter Man "

Above: "Cooking coffee ."

Below: "Gen 'l Sheridan"

PAGE 6

Right: "Inspector Gen 'l feelsshocked at the wretched

condition and discipline of theTroops in his Division "

T H E QlJARTO

- continued f rom page 5

generals. The assignment was of vitalimportance, for the Shenandoah Valleyserved as main source of the Confeder­ate food supply, invasion route to theNorth , and secure base for guerillaoperations against the Union rear.Sheridan took the first round atWinchester with two victories in rapidsuccess ion. By October 7 he promi sedGrant that "the Valley ... will have littlein it for man or beast ." But Lee wouldnot concede the Shenandoah. Hereinforced his general with cavalry andinfantry, and while Sheridan left hisarmy camped south of Winchester atCedar Creek and went to Washingtonfor a strategy session, Early struck. Asurprise attack at dawn on October 19forced the whole Union Army to retreatin disarray four miles down the Valley,losing in the process quantities of guns,ammunition, and 1300 men who weretaken prisoner. By mid-morningEarly's victory seemed assured. But hehad not recko ned on Sheridan'sboldness, and the Union general madehis now-legendary ride from Winches­ter to the battlegrou nd, turning the tidein the Union's favor by the sheer forceof his presence .

Edgar Klemroth left his personalrecord of the Shenandoah campaign inthe form of forty-fiv e lively, skillfulpencil sketches. His dra wings do notdepict the drama and heroics whichnow capture our imaginations, but the

Below: "Union fora gers in the Shenandoah ."

••

day-to-day scenes of a soldier' s life ­sometimes with humor, sometimes withpathos, but alway s with a sensitiveinterpretation of men and events.When the campaign ended Klemro thpresented his modestly-ent itled "VeryRough Sketches" to Captain RudolphEllis, a friend from the Sixth Pennsyl­vania Volunteers who became Assis tantInspector General on Torbert's staff.The drawings now enhance theLibrary' s Schoff Civil War Collection,providing another windo w into theworld of the Civi l War soldier. Someof the men whose personal effectswould find their way to the ClementsLibrary expressed themselves in words,others in drawings; all have much totell thnse who would understand andinterpret this compelling episode ofAmerican history.

Below: "Gen 'l Custer."

Above: "Contrabands"

Below: "Fishing for the Bean "

THE Q!)ARTO PAGE 7

+

SUMMER SCHEDULE DURINGBUILDING RENOVATIONMajor building renovations willdisrupt the Library's service schedulefrom April to mid-Fall 1994. Duringthis period the main room exhibit areawill be closed to visitors. Readers willenter from the rear of the building.Those planning to use the Libraryduring this period are urged to callahead so that our curators can advisethem about the acces sibility of material,as the construction work progresses.

IN MEMORIUM

During the past year, the Staff andAssociates of the Clements have beensaddened by the loss of close friends,all from the Ann Arbor area, each ofwhom made a uniqu e contribution tothe life of the Library.

Frederick H. Wagman, EmeritusDirector of the University of MichiganLibrari es, served as Vice Chairman ofthe Committee of Management from1953 to 1978. Bly Corning was adedicated member of the AssociatesBoard for nearly thirty years . He gaveto the Library a major collection ofnineteenth-century American sheet

music from the Edison PhonographCompany archive, and through hisefforts the Clements acquired a rarefirst edition of The Star SpangledBanner. 'Eugene Power, founder ofUniversity Microfilms, ardent bookcollector, friend ana advisor to all threeof the Library's directors , generouslyestablished our Randolph G. Adamslecture fund. Prominent Michiganattorney and state legislator RobertSawyer was a direct descendant ofJosiah Bartlett, Signer of the Declara­tion ofIndependence for New Hamp­shire. Among his gifts to the Library isa Bartlett cherry card table, a fineexample of colonial American furni­ture. English Professor Emeritus andcherished friend Robert Haugb, ascholar of nineteenth-century Americanliterature whose teaching enrichedgenerations of UM students, is survivedby his wife Georgia, our former BookCurator. Dedicated volunteer NancyPerkins contributed hundreds of entriesto our picture catalog through her workon the Library's image project, and inher enthusiastic collecting of nine ­teenth-century furniture , glass, fabrics ,and prints, displayed a wide knowledgeof American domestic arts. Volunteer

Cl..UARTOA Publication of the Clements Library

909 South UniversityAnn Arbor, MI 48109

extraordinaire Elizabeth Stranahanwas well-known throughout theUniversity of Michigan and Ann Arborcommunities as an engaging personal­ity who used her talent and intelligence,energy and tough-mindedness to makethings happen. Betsy brought all ofthese qualities to her work at theClements as a contributor to the imageproject and as a member of the Associ­ates Board. The Clements Library willnot easily replace the dedication,generosity, and talents of these dearfriends.

NEW ASSOCIATESBOARD MEMBERS

The Associates Board of Governors ispleased to announce the election of fivenew members. From Michigan, wewelcome Ruth Hoyt, Elk Rapids; AnneMarie Karmazin, Ann Arbor; Martha R.Seger, Bloomfield Hills ; and WilliamC. Stebbins, Ann Arbor; and from Rye,New York, Joanna Schoff. Our newmembers bring to the Board, along withtheir individual talents, a close personalacquaintance with the Library, enthusi­asm for its programs, and commitmentto its future.