THERESPIRATORY

SYSTEM

C16L1Part 1

• What does the respiratory system do?

• How do the parts of the respiratory system work together?

• How does the respiratory system interact with other body systems?

The Respiratory System

Functions of the respiratory system

breathing gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood (supply oxygen & removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases) preventing foreign substances from entering during breathing phonation (speaking)

Breathing Breathing is the movement of air into and out of the lungs. Breathing enables your respiratory system to take in oxygen and to eliminate carbon dioxide.

Respiratory SystemEvery cell in your body needs oxygen for a series of chemical reactions called cellular respiration.

During cellular respiration, oxygen and sugars react, releasing energy a cell can use.

Your respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases from your body, so that cells can function.

Inhale / Inspirationbreathe in

Exhale / Expirationbreathe out

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

nose and nasal cavities pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli

nose and nasal cavities

nasal septum: separate the two nasal cavities

ciliated mucous membranes

Cilia line the nose and most other airways in the respiratory system.

Functions of the cilia Wavelike motions of the cilia carry trapped particles away from your lungs.The cilia help prevent harmful particles from getting very far into your respiratory system.

Functions of the ciliated mucous membranes

filters bacteria, smoke, and dust particles from the air warms and moistens air

If anything irritates nasal membranes, it stimulates sneezing.

mucous

a thick, sticky substance that filters the air entering the body

pharynxThe pharynx is a tube-like passageway at the top of the throat that receives air, food, and liquids from the mouth or nose.

pharynx muscular tube lined with a ciliated mucous membrane about 5 inches long extends from the back of the nose to the esophagus sometimes called the "control center" for incoming substances, since it serves both the respiratory and digestive systems

7 openings into or out of the pharynx

2 openings of nasal cavities 2 passageways to middle ear-space (Eustachian tubes) opening of mouth esophagus (passageway to stomach) larynx (passageway to lungs)

larynx

(voice box) short passageway from the pharynx to the trachea

larynx

walls consist of cartilage pieces held together by

several muscles and

ligaments

vocal chords (or folds)

a pair of membrane folds in the

larynx

false vocal cordsThe more

superior set, called the

false vocal cords,

functions primarily to protect the

glottis.

true vocal cords

The inferior set, the true vocal cords, produces the

voice.

vocal chords (or folds)

vocal chords in

females are thinner and

shorter (they

vibrate more

rapidly)

vocal chords (or folds)

vocal chords in males are

thicker and longer (they

vibrate more

slowly)