the tile-hcal, studies and time plans, v. korbel, desy, 30m

ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam

V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 1

The Tile-HCAL, studies and time plans,V. Korbel, DESY, 30m

•The last meetings since ECFA-DESY workshop in Prague (Nov. 2002)•actual status of R&D:

–scintillators–WLS-fibres, clear fibres, fibre coupling–optimisation of tile-fibre system (TFS)–photodetectors–preamps

•measurements with the minical–readout and DAQ–cosmics,–noise and pedestals–LED-calibration–plans for e-beam test at DESY (summer 2003)

•status of preparations for the 1m3 prototype for E-flow beam tests

–photodetectors–preamps–VFE RO boards



The last Tile-HCAL meetings

• Since the Prague ECFA-DESY workshop:• main meetings: 4.12.2002, 20.1.2003, 4.3.2003 • LAL-Orsay, preamps for APDs, dela Taille, Cvach,... Dec. 2002• CERN, VFE for APDs with DUBNA, I. Golutvin, I. Tiapkin, F. Sefkow, Dec.

2002• DUBNA, VFE, I. Golutvin, I. Tiapkin, Y. Gilitski, Minsk people,.... Febr.

2003• ITEP and MEPHI, Moscow, B. Dolgoshein, V. Rusinov,..... Febr.

2003• LAL-Orsay, VFE for APDs, dela Taille, I. Tiapkin, F. Sefkow,... Febr.

2003• ????• future main meetings: 6.5.2003, 17.6.2003 ??? To be fixed these days

Documentation: 1. tasks, institutes, people, time plans, meetings, talks and minutes in Web:>>>http://www.desy.de/~korbel/see/tilehacal/....2. detailed Tile-HCAL R&D report, Oct. 2002, available:

“ The Tile-HCAL Calorimeter for the TESLA Detector, a Status Report on the R&D-Studies”

3. new web-page with better guidance is prepared, open next week!



Presentations for the Tile-HCAL on this workshop

•CALICE collaboration meeting (Monday,31.3.03,NIKHEF):V. Korbel, Introduction to CALICE Tile-HCAL meeting: “Status of the R&D”, 15’M. Danilov for ITEP, R&D in Russia, 20’B. Dolgoshein for MEPHI, News from the Si-PMs as Photodetetctors for the Tile-HCAL, 20’S. Nemecek for Prague, APD’s for the HCAL, gain stabilityV. Korbel for DESY, LPI Tests with the minical, plans for prototype, time scale•DAQ and Trigger meeting:V. Korbel, DAQ concepts for the minical and Tile-HCAL prototype, 10’P. Daucey, CALICE beam test DAQ•Calorimeter Session, Hadronic CalorimeterV. Korbel, The Tile-HCAL, studies and time plansV. Morgunov for DESY, ITEP, Prototype Tile-HCAL Simulation withSi-PMs as PhotodetectorsP. Dauncey, DAQ for the CALICE beam test



The plastic scintillators for the tiles

The different scintillators studied:PVT: -BC-408, BC-404,.....PS:

•SCSN-81, Kuraray•new R&D scintillators from Kuraray:•ITEP/Vladimir: BASF-143, others•Protvino/LPI SC-306M, SC-307.....•Charkov

The PS scintillators based on PS •show ~0.5..0.65 LY of PVT•but ~ 5 x cheaper•possibility to cast them in tiles (with grooves)>>> made studies on •LY and uniformity, ok?•>>> decision to select producer

M.Danilov,CALICE mainrecent measurements in ITEP



Details of TFS Optimisation Studies

Centre/straight WLS-fibre Diagonal/bent WLS-fibre

No stress on fibre,fibre refl. =tile reflector

Double looped fibre •strong fibre bend,•most stress on fibre,•probably ageing damages,•fibre end fibre reflector inside tile >>> special reflective coating needed ?

L=7,85cmL=5cm

L=31,4cm 1.1 mm hole in center •drilled and polished? •could it be made during tile moulding?

more stress on fibre,fibre refl. =tile reflector

clear RO fibre to couple:1-3.5m in detector,light attenuation <18%

L=7.85cm



The WLS-fibres

1 mm diameter, double clad, BC-91ABC-92BC-Dayglo, red range extendedKuraray, Y-11(100-500ppm) WLS shifting component

polishing of fibre endfibre end reflectorattenuation lengthconversion efficiencystability against bends, loops (2.4 mm radius)ageing agains bend stress, in radiation field

>>>> Y-11(300) for short fibres Y-11(500) for long fibresmaterial available for all minical channels University Friedberg/Giessen



The coupling of WLS-fibres to scintillator

, similar to BC-408, 404

Have selected Kuraray Y11(300)



TFS LY measurements at ITEP

M.Danilov,CALICE main



The actual achieved LY for the TFS, Kuraray, WLS-fibre

3M-Super Radiant Reflector

Scintillator BC-408,

All together: 100% reflectivity at fibre end

Treatment direction

22+/-1.5 pe (BC-408, Aug. 2002)>> 26 (new results from ITEP)•both Russian scintillators have ~ 2/3 of BC-408 LY•~20% more LY can be expected by improving polishing of WLF-fibre end,•no gluing needed anymore

Light yield/tile/MA-PM


V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 10Photocathode sensitivity of APD

WLS-fibre, Kuraray

clear-fibres, Bicron and Kuraray•attenuation in clear RO-fibres minimal:BC-98: 0,65 db/m ~ 40% for 5m fibre•no damage observed for bent fibres(d=5 cm)•no ageing during 1 day observed>>> Y11(300), on tile + BC-98 RO-fibre

Light attenuation measurement in RO-fibres

10,20,50 and100 cm

(ITEP)



WLS fibre-clear fibre connection

WLS-fibre >>clear fibre:•standard is gluing with optical gluebetter procedure: •thermo-fusing, ~ 80-120oC, heating by 1-2 windings of resistive wirefibres cut, adjusted and pushed together in glass tube of 1.10 mm inner hole diameterfew A current for a few sec.>> connection difficult to find by eye no light loss seen at connection first results: 84% transmission improvement potential still available in the fusing procedure

Well established procedure at FNALfor CDF calorimeter, 90% transmission >>production parameters can be optimised

Pressure, temperature, timeguide tube diameter ?



The remaining candidate photodetectors:

APD’s: S8664-55spl, 3x3mm2,

S8550, 32 pixels of 1.6x1.6mm2

at test in PragueSi-PM’s (MEPhI): gain ~2*106

photocathode eff. ~ 15-20% sizes: 1x1mm2, 576 and 1000 pixels/mm2 -800-1200 Photodetectors needed (APDs) with 3-7 tiles combined to calo cells or -3200-4800 Si-PM’s of 1x1mm2 needed alternatively-decision to use both detectors in prototype

Photodetectors



APD’sHamamatsu, 3x3mm APD, S8664-55splpackage is same as S8664-55 (5x5 mm APD)'s with resin coating.Delivery time takes 1.5 months for 30 pcstypical performance:gain= 50 100 >1000 possibleId 600pA 1.2nAC 28pF 28pFhave 6 APD’s for tests170 Euro per piece, for 30122 Euro per piece, for 300 60 Euro per piece, for 1500 25 Euro ? for > 100 000 APD’s? C

GAIN M

Id

500 V

10

100Hamamatsu S8664-55

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

bias voltage

gain

Future plan (Hamamatsu) : APD Array :try to make low capacity type, proceed with "3 x 3 mm, 4 x 4 ch APD-array".target characteristic is as follows. C : 15 pF Variation of gain : +/- 20 to 30 %


V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 142 ns

2 mV

Some features:• Sensitive size 1x1mm2 on 1.5x1.5 mm2

• Gain 2106 at Ubias~ 50V • Recovery time ~ 100 ns/pixel• Nuclear counter effect: negligible (due to Geiger mode operation)• Number of pixels: 576, now 1000/mm2

• Dynamic range > 200

R&D at MEPHI (Moscow), B. Dolgoshein, together with PULSAR (Russ. Industry)

R 50

h

pixel

Ubias

Al

Depletion Region2 m substrat

e

ResistorRn=400 k

20m42m SiPMs, Silicon Photomultiplier

For further details see:«Advanced study of SiPM»http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/icfa/fall01.html



Performance of SiPMs with 1 scint.Tile

DESY e-test beamwith various Si-PMs (MEPHI)

4-8 pe576 px53-55V

15 pe1000 pxSi-PM on tile

10 pe, 576 px54V

minical



0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 400,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

MIP Detection by one cell ( 3 Tiles + 3 SiPMs)

98% efficiency

Dar

k ra

te, H

z

Threshold, phe

MIP

det

ectio

n ef

ficie

ncy

Si-PM’s, dark rate and MIP detection

Sum of 3 tiles,e-beam test DESY

576pix/mm2From Elena Popova, MEPhI



Minical array

Assembled with up to27 scintillator layers, of 9 tiles each, 5x5X0.5 cm3

243 scintillator tiles or81 cells of 3 tilesread out by ~ 50 cm WLS fibres to photo-detectors:

APD’s: 3 tiles/APDMA-PMs: 16fold, 3 tiles/pixelSi-PMs: 1 tile/Si-PM•also:1x32 M-APD array (Pra

Stack and Tile structure

Aim of this device is:cosmics, study of:•LY•uniformity of response•calibration with MIPs•stability of MIP signals•different photodetectors•long term ageing

LED monitoring:•stability•dynamic range

e-beam, study of:•energy resolution•constant term



Minical, pictures



Where are we?

Status now, for minical tests:•WLS-fibres ordered and delivered, 500m(Y11-300) and 100m(Y11-500)•3M super-reflector foil available• minical now modified by Prague group: 9 mm gaps, larger housing, windows for feed-through, light tight,

easier access to interior•6 new Hamamatsu APD’s (3x3 mm2, 190 Euro/piece) now at DESY

to be inserted in minical for MIP tests, yield next 3 weeks ?•Si-PM production/delivery schedule (see Boris talk)

next 30 available, than 100 up to June, 1000 pixels/mm2

•TFS geometry, reduce variety soon, up to end April•design/build cassettes, for 9 tiles, 9 mm tick, 27 pieces for July tests•preamps to design/order >> LAL Orsay: 7.4.03, delivery 30.6.03

R&D for Minsk/Gilitski, Prague, DESY/Smirnov types goes on•APD’s and Si-PM’s to order >> 30 APD’s and ~100 Si-PM’s (with 1000pixels)•HV distribution to design/order/build:

•380-420V, APD, 30 channels•and 55-68 V, Si-PM, 100 channels



„minical“-tasks, TFS production detailsThe TFS for the minical:--81 tiles with Si-PMs, short WLS-fibres, SI-PM inserted, from Vladimir/ITEP--81 tiles from Protvino, with cylindrical holes??, cast in moulds, together with the tiles or drilled, to insert the WLS-fibres--81 tiles from BC-408, cut and polished at DESY, with a) WLS-fibres in cylindrical, drilled central holes, 50 cm more fibre to APD’s b) WLS fibres in curved diagonal grooves, also 50cm to APD’s• Hope to have a technology to replace the WLS-fibre outside the tiles by fused clear fibres, who does it?• Can ITEP prepare also the 81 Protvino tiles? >>I.e. make grooves or holes, insert fibres, wrap tiles, test in black box?• A special >5 cm long drill of 1.1 mm diameter is in preparation at DESY.• We need to group tiles with equal (+/-5%) LY, 3 tiles of same response to one APD. Thus LY of all 81 TFS to be measured with a source. To do at DESY with help of Protvino/LPI people.Our Time scheme:

•Production of tiles in April/mid May•Machining/Wrapping in May/ mid June•Tests and selection in June/mid July•Delivery to DESY mid July•Start insertion in minical last 2 weeks in July•Cosmic calibration tests 2 first weeks in August•We need more participating physicists during minical set-up and tests.



Support frames for TFS

MEPhI, ITEP

For APD’s For SI-PMs



Direct TFS readout with SiPM

M.Danilov,CALICE main

in minical at DESY



Shower containment in minical, DESY e-beam

1 section, 9 layers, 81 cells

MIP peak used for calibration

Shower leakage to correct withthe middle section of minical

Studies by V. Andreev >>>



Energy resolution in minical, DESY e-beam

/E=a/sqrt(E) (+) cAim is to study:the effects contributingto the constant term:

•LY fluctuations within tiles•lat. non-uniformity of response•MIP calibration precision•stabilty of calibration•noise•dead gaps between tiles•leakage

calibration a +/- da c +/- dc0 18,16 0,12 0,5 0,4210 18,29 0,18 3,35 0,2620 18,54 0,21 6,41 0,17



Energy resolution in minical, Si-PM, 576 pixels

calibration a +/- da c +/- dc0 18,16 0,12 0,5 0,42

Poisson 18,95 0,17 0,33 0,53Poisson+Sat. 17,27 0,16 1,85 0,4

last 4 points 16,07 0,39 3,44 0,4

Saturation curve:number of fired pixels vsnumber of photons x photo-conversion efficiency

/E=a/sqrt(E) (+) c



BC-408 scintillatorsingle tile,diagonal bend groove,cosmic -peak,60 cm WLS fibre ROMA-PM23,1-26,2 pe

•Noise, randoms•cosmics•LED-pulses

Calibrating the minical cells



BC-408 scintillatorsingle tile,diagonal bend groove,cosmic -peak,60 cm WLS fibre ROto MA-PM23,1-26,2 pe

Random andpedestal subtractedcosmic -peak spectraof some PS-scintillatorsfrom Protvino/LPI9-13.3 pe

Calibrating minical cells, studying LY



Remote web access to the measurements

Install in minical:different•scintillators•fibres•photodetectors•pre-amps•supply voltages•trigger conditions Look for:

•gain•stability•signal width•signal noise separation•calibration with MIP’s•run parameter file

LED monitoring

Study the results of up to 64 channels with MIP’s

ITEPLPIMEPHIPragueProtvinoDESY....

At DESY:

via web:+sw-tools:•F. Krivan•V. Dodolov•A.Terkulov•S. Karakash

Start run withnew componentsor new settingsall 24 hours.

very similar situation later during prototype running inbeam test at other laboratories



HCAL prototype for E-flow studies

Required volume ~ 1 m3

~ 800-1200 calorimeter cellsFe-structure can accept•analogue •or digital HCAL??

10 GeV pions

100 GeV pions

100 cm

Leakagedetector needed!



The Prototype stack

Design/Construction Studies:•TDR•LC-notes•K. Gadow, VK DESY, Jan. 2003Need now to come to decisions

•how to build?•Steel, ss?•2 half modules (magn.field?)•Where?



more on tile sizes and total numbers

n x z N n x z N1 5,3 5,11 780 18 8,92 8,85 3302 5,37 5,11 780 19 9,02 8,85 3303 5,44 5,11 780 20 9,12 8,85 3304 5,51 5,31 750 21 9,21 8,85 3305 5,59 5,31 750 22 10,25 10,21 2606 5,66 5,31 750 23 10,36 10,21 2607 6,14 5,9 630 24 10,47 10,21 2608 6,22 5,9 630 25 10,58 10,21 2609 6,3 5,9 630 26 10,69 10,21 260

10 6,87 6,64 520 27 12 12,07 19811 6,95 6,64 520 28 12,12 12,07 19812 7,04 6,64 520 29 12,24 12,07 19813 7,12 6,64 520 30 12,36 12,07 19814 7,81 7,58 420 31 12,48 12,07 19815 7,9 7,58 420 32 14,18 16,59 12816 7,99 7,58 420 33 14,47 16,59 11217 8,08 7,58 420 34 14,77 16,59 96

10240 35 15,19 16,59 8036 15,83 16,59 6437 15,88 16,59 4838 19 16,59 32

4170

total sum in HCAL Barrel module: 14410 tiles

38 layers require ~ 5000 tiles with38 different tile sizes

casting withminimum numberof moulds!

Need to fix tile sizessoon!



Prototype channels

cell- instrumented: layers/ tilesize layerslayer (cmxcm): cell (cm2) tiles: APD's APD's Si-PM's APD's Si-PM's APD's Si-PM's

1 60 60 3 5x5 432 144 432 432 4322 60 60 3 5x5 432 144 432 432 4323 60 60 3 5x5 9 432 144 432 432 4324 80 80 4 8x8 400 100 400 400 1005 80 80 4 8x8 400 100 400 400 1006 80 80 4 8x8 21 400 100 400 100 1007 100 100 5 10x10 500 100 100 100 1008 100 100 5 10x10 31 500 100 100 100 1009 100 100 7 20x20 38 175 25 25 25 25

total 38 3671 957 225 2496 325 2096 525 1296



The fraction of prototype cells firedSimulation studiesfor single pions:beam energies:10, 40, 100 GeVRO threshold cuts:0, 0.25, 0.5 MIP

standard granularity: 5x5cm2, 3 cells deep(3/9) 6x6cm2, 3 cells deep(4/12) 8x8cm2, 2 cells deep(2/10)12x12cm2, 1 cell deep (1/7) 969 cells in total

By V. Andreev



Energy sharing between ECAL and HCAL-PT

The following studiesfrom V. Andreev:

ECAL and TChave effect on energy resolution

~ 45-55% of eventsdepose more than 2 GeV in ECAL



Prototype TC for energy resolution



The contribution of the TC to the energy measurement

E(ECAL) +E(HCAL) <--> E(TC)/(E(ECAL) +E(HCAL)) Epion=5,10,20,30,50 GeV



The VFE-ROB-scheme, APDs

Array ofsingle APDsor matrices

pulseshapers

Sample &

hold

Multiplexer

(analog)

Trigger/RO

clock

LED signals

PIN diode for LED

monitoring

HV,380-420VdV/V~10-4

charge sensitive preamps

pedestals

Online/OfflineGain/HV

monitoring?

cosmic beam

Charge injection

DAC

DAC-signals



1. Pre-selection of appropriate photodetectors available: APD’s(~6) and Si-PM’s(~10) ordering larger quantities for more tests in minical (March). Need 30 APD’s and 162 Si-PMs in total, Si-PM’s (1000 pixels!)2. studies and development of integrated preamplifier/shaper circuits, and MEPhI Si-PM with FE preamps.up to end April. Operation in Minical.3. For minical: decide on the optimal APD-preamp type, end March: ---study Minsk and Prague preamps with APD’s in minical, --- important: get noise contribution to MIP-peak (noise vs MIP efficiency) ---order/loan ~2 prototype CALICE-ECAL PCI preamp boards (which should later integrate the photodetector connections)4. Concept/design final preamp prototype boards for the 1000 channel test prototype, ....all and DUBNA?, (April)5. design prototype boards for all APD and Si-PM channels, DUBNA?,(May)6. Up to May to decide, which photodetectors in which quantity to use:

• 1000 APDs or ~ 5000 Si-PMs, • or both types in relevant quantities e.g. 200/2500

7. order of all photodetectors for the Tile-HCAL prototype, June8. Decide/order HV power supply/ distribution, June

Time Planing, 4.3.2003, I



Time Planing,II

9. Need Russian scintillators for tests in minical, (~20 each, March)10. ordering Bicron BC-408 for the larger tile sizes, ~8 m2, up to Summer11. define optimal cell and tile sizes, from software and hardware studies, decision up to end of April12. Prepare 300 tile minical test at DESY, (100/100/100) May13. design of the prototype stack, April/May14. a detailed tile-plate assembly concept has to be defined, July15. Minical test at DESY, with final photodetector types, July-September16. building of stack steel absorber structure, in ITEP or Prague? >August17. casting/machining of ~3700 tiles up to September, (in factory ? or machining at DESY, or elsewhere?)18. assembly of the TFS in tile plates (detector cassettes), November19. TFS connection with photodet. and preamps, start November-December20. RO via CAMAC as long as British DAQ not available, end 200321. winter 2003/2004 operation studies with LED gain monitoring, and calibration studies with cosmic muons, with increasing number of calorimeter cells as assembled.



1. Enough LY from TFS (~200 photons at photodetector)2. APD’s and SI-PMs are the photodetectors which do the task3. Preamplifiers with low noise are essential (MIP-noise separation,calibration)4. Minical test to establish calibration precision in summer5. Now design of prototype boards for APD and Si-PMs, DUBNA6. Photodetectors, large quantity to order in summer:

• 1000 APDs or • ~ 5000 Si-PMs or • both types in relevant quantities e.g. ~250/3500

7. Prototype stack (1m3) will be build in summer8. Assembly of PT-stack with TFS starts in Jan. 20049. Spring 2004 is used to set up and calibrate all channels with cosmics.

Outlook

the tile-hcal, studies and time plans, v. korbel, desy, 30m

Documents

tilehcal prototype

tilehcal meetingssince

tilehcal calorimeter

calice tilehcal meeting

tile moulding

tile reflectorclear

detailed tilehcal rd

fibre end fibre reflector