the war of 1812 chapter 10 section 5 pg.320. the war of 1812 setting the scene chapter 10 section 5...
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The War of 1812Chapter 10
section 5
Pg.320
The War of 1812Setting the Scene
Chapter 10
section 5
Pg.320
The War of 1812Setting the Scene
Chapter 10
section 5
Pg.320
There were mixed reactions from Americans about the War of 1812. Some Democratic-Republican supporters of Madison welcomed the war, encouraged supporting the war, and expected a quick victory. Others felt President Madison had dragged the United States into an unnecessary war that would cost money and lives for an unneeded expanding of the country.
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The War of 1812
Early Days of the War Pg.320
The British were surprised the the U.S. declared war on them. They had been violating our neutrality since we had become a nation and did not necessarily know how negatively their trading with the Native Americans was being seen by Americans.
“The state of the Army is enough to make any man who has the smallest love of country wish to get rid of it!”
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The War of 1812
Early Days of the War
Chapter 10
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The War of 1812
Early Days of the War
Army Navy
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The War of 1812
Early Days of the WarAt the beginning of the War of 1812, the U.S. had only 16 frigates and a total of 20 navy warships. This was no match for the large number British ships blockading our ports.The army was poorly trained and badly
equipped with old and outdated guns and uniforms. The generals were old and had either never fought or not fought in a long time.
To try to build up the army, America offered volunteers a bounty (signing bonus) of cash and the promise of a piece of land when their service was finished. Many young Americans signed up but they were not trained well and some deserted (quit).
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The War of 1812Fighting at Sea
Most of the early fighting in the War of 1812 happened at sea because the U.S. did not have a very big army, it took a while to get to the Ohio River Valley and Canada, and most British soldiers were in Europe fighting against France.
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The War of 1812Fighting at Sea
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The War of 1812Fighting at Sea
U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière
In a sea battle off the coast of Canada, the U.S.S. Constitution beat the HMS Guerrière.
British cannon balls bounced off the sides of the U.S.S. Constitution earning it the nickname “Old Ironsides”.
While America only had a few ships, our ships often had better trained naval captains. Most of Britain’s best navy admirals were busy against France.
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The War of 1812Fighting at Sea
U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière
The U.S. frigates were also faster and easier to maneuver.
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The War of 1812War in the West
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The War of 1812War in the West
The Canadian colonists did not have the same complaints with their British colonizers as the Americans had just years earlier when we fought a revolutionary war with Britain. Britain was more far with the Canadian colonies and allowed them some say in the government. So, most Canadian colonists stayed loyal to Britain and fought against America.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Invasion of Canada
Gen.William Hull
General Hull was ordered to invade Ontario from Fort Detroit. American troops under the command of the cautious General Hull were tricked to think that the British had more troops (redcoats) than they did and help from Indians by the clever British General Isaac Brock. The Americans retreated back to the safety of Fort Detroit without ever attacking.
Gen.Isaac Brock
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THE BATTLE OF FORT MALDEN(That NEVER happened)
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Because of General Hull’s mistakes, the British and their Indian allies temporarily captured Fort Detroit and Fort Mackinac (on Mackinaw Island) during 1812. By 1813, the United States army was getting up to speed for the war and was anxious to take back the territory and spread into Canada.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Oliver Hazard Perry
U.S. Navy
Navy Captain Oliver Hazard Perry was ordered to take control of Lake Erie. Lake Erie was needed to help transport troops and supplies into Canada to attack the British colonies there. But when he first arrived, there were very few ships worthy of a navy on Lake Erie, so he had to put together his own fleet, building two larger ships from scratch.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
The battle was fought near Put-In Bay in Ohio
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry started on the U.S.S. Lawrence
Captain Perry
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry was commanding the U.S.S. Lawrence.
Captain Perry
BRITISH SHIPS
AMERICAN SHIPS
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
The U.S.S. Lawrence was damaged, on fire, and slowly sinking.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
The U.S.S. Lawrence was damaged, on fire, and slowly sinking.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry abandoned ship to a life boat.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry rowed over to the U.S.S. Niagara and got on board to command it.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry rowed over to the U.S.S. Niagara and got on board to command it.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Captain Perry commanded the Niagara for the rest of the battle and helped win the battle.
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
Oliver Hazard Perry
CaptainOliver Hazard
Perry
In the end, Captain Perry’s fleet gained control of Lake Erie and helped re-take Fort Detroit for the Americans.
“We have met the enemy and
they are ours!”
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The War of 1812War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
Troops under the command of General William Henry Harrison (Governor of the Indiana Territory) were moved into the Michigan Territory and ordered to follow the British and their Indian allies into Ontario, Canada.
William Henry Harrison
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
3,500 American troops battled with 600 British Redcoats and 1,000 Indians who were part of Tecumseh’s Confederation. General Harrison and his army defeated Tecumseh’s Confederation and the small British army along the Thames River in Ontario, Canada.
General William Henry Harrison
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
Battle of the Thames
During the battle, William Henry Harrison shot and killed Tecumseh. Afterwards, the Indian Confederation weakened and eventually fell apart and no longer helped the British nearly as much.
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend
In the South, there were a series of battles against the Creek Indian tribe who were strong there. The final battle, fought at a bend in the river, called Horseshoe Bend, was won by General Jackson and the Americans.
General Andrew Jackson
Creek Indians helping the
British
“Your people havedestroyed my nation.
We surrender.”
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The War of 1812Native American Losses
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend
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The War of 1812Final Battles
In 1814, the war between Britain and France ended. This was really bad news for Americans because now the British could send more troops, more ships, and better generals to America to fight in the War of 1812.
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The British Burn Washington
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
After a weak American Army tried to stop the British at Bladensburg, Maryland, the British Army marched right into Washington D.C. and burned down the city including the Capitol, the White House, and many other important government buildings.
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The British Burn Washington
Dolly Madison, the President’s wife, was brave and stayed behind long enough to make sure that important government papers and a famous portrait of George Washington were removed from the White House.
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
Dolly Madison
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
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The War of 1812The British Burn Washington
The Battle of Bladensburg
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of Fort McHenry
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of Fort McHenry
After burning
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of Fort McHenry
Fort McHenry
The Americans finally stopped the British before they could get to the city of Baltimore, Maryland. They stopped them at Fort McHenry.
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of Fort McHenry
The Battle of Fort McHenry inspired Francis Scott Key to write a poem, which after being put to music became our national anthem.
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of Fort McHenry
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
General Andrew Jackson
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
After being stopped at Baltimore (Fort McHenry), the British decided to try to gain control of the Mississippi River by attacking the port city of New Orleans. As the British fleet sailed towards New Orleans, Andrew Jackson and his men prepared for battle.
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
To prepare for the battle, Andrew Jackson had his men dig trenches in the best strategic position to defend the city.
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
The Battle of New Orleans was over in just 37 minutes with over 3000 British casualties and only 13 American losses.
BRITISH
General Jackson and his allies defeated the British in a bloody battle that ironically took place two weeks after the actual peace treaty to end the War of 1812 (The Treaty of Ghent) was signed and the war was over. This was because the news traveled slowly from Europe to America in the 1800s.
General Jackson, plus expert riflemen, plus
Choctaw Indians
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The War of 1812Final Battles
The Battle of New Orleans
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The War of 1812African Americans in the War
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The War of 1812African Americans in the War
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
New Englanders Protest
Not all Americans supported the War of 1812. Merchants and business owners in the North were afraid that they may lose influence in Congress if the United States gained more land and added more states.
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
New Englanders Protest
Hartford, ConnecticutNew England Protestors
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
New Englanders Protest
Hartford, ConnecticutNew England Protestors
Delegates from many New England states met in Hartford, Connecticut to consider separating from the United States and forming their own country but the war ended before the group made any decisions about what to do. So in the end, they did nothing.
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
“Nothing Was Settled”
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
“Nothing Was Settled”
At the end of the War 1812, the U.S. and Britain met to stop the fighting. In the peace treaty, however, the two countries basically agreed to return to pre-war conditions. The only thing that really changed was that the U.S. did force Britain to remove its soldiers from forts in the Ohio River Valley during the course of the war.
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The War of 1812Protest and Peace
“Nothing Was Settled”