the water cycle by: alex jasukaitis, alec socha, zach pickell hour: 1, ap environmental science...
TRANSCRIPT
The Water CycleBy: Alex Jasukaitis, Alec Socha, Zach Pickell
Hour: 1, AP Environmental Science10-15-15
aquifer
Sublimation
Watershed
Evaporation- Water transforming from a liquid state to a gaseous state.
Evapotranspiration- Evaporation of water through the stoma openings in plants
Condensation- Water transforming from a gaseous state to a liquid state
Sublimation - transference of a solid directly to a gas. It’s an endothermic process that only occurs at temperatures and pressures below a substance's triple point.
Precipitation- Any sort of water that falls from the condensed water in the sky
Run Off- Water that collects materials by flowing on top of it and gathering
Infiltration/Percolation- The slow movement of water through porous or permeable materials such as some rocks and soil.
Aquifer- A collection of ground water( Like an underground lake)
Water Table- The highest point underground that an aquifer reaches
Watershed- All of the land in a given landscape that drains into a particular body of water (DeRiemaker).
Effect on the Food Web
~Water affects the amount of vegetation grown in area (Limiting Factor)
-Desert or rainforest
-The amount of species
~ It changes the type of vegetation and animals
-Depending on where in the cycle they are
~No trees
-dry(sahara), run off of nurtients
All Organisms Require Water for Life!
Effects of the Water cycle
Atmosphere -
• water vapor (37.5 million billion gallons)
• Most powerful greenhouse gas (95%)
• Creates a positive feedback loop (warmer air holds more water)
• Doubles amount of temperature change that CO2 causes
• Relatively short lived effect since it depends on weather patterns.
• Precipitation into
• Ocean
• Over land
Effects of the Water cycle• Hydrosphere -
• Creates thermocline and Halocline (Underwater currents)
• Could cause floods or droughts
• Lowering the water table
• depletion/percolation of an aquifer
• Precipitation refills the hydrosphere
• Without evapotranspiration the climate would dry out.
• Creates different bodies of water, Fresh, Salt, or estuaries.
• Creates Polar icecap ecosystem(density)
Effects of the Water cycle
Geosphere -
• Can create structures in the ground (Grand Canyon)
• erosion
• deposition
• Cleans the water cycle in marshes and wetlands
• Causes nutrients to diffuse into trees and plants
• Can have minerals dissolve into water.
• can be bad because of runoff and contamination
• Can even create land structures (Tufa)
Humans Effect on the Water Cycle• Lowering water table
• Sink holes
• depletes aquifers (can harm local ecosystems)
• Well water prices can rise since it's estimated that there are “3.1 million cubic miles of saline water but only 2.6 cubic miles of fresh underground water” (usgs).
• Water Power (hydroelectric power)
• can cause drought downstream coastal erosion
• Irrigation - depletes rivers and lakes, possibly harming wildlife.
• leaching runoff contaminates water cycle harming ecosystems.
• GLOBAL WARMING - melts polar ice caps and is causing sea level change and mild temperature change(underwater currents)
• Anthropogenic H20 in the atmosphere
Humans Effect on the Water Cycle• Destroying wetlands(Prevents natural decontamination)
• Run off can destroy ecosystems through hypoxia
• Deforestation - less evapotranspiration, so less precipitation (ie drought)
• Silver Lake dunes (Sand will eventually destroy lake)
• Human cities (concrete) blocks infiltration/percolation
• Can contaminate H20 during/after mining (Fracking, Drilling, Dredging/EPA)
Our Water Cycle
Work Cited1. http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html
2. https://www.skepticalscience.com/water-vapor-greenhouse-gas.htm
3. http://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/ocean-earth-system/ocean-water-cycle/
4. http://water.usgs.gov/edu/gwdepletion.html
5. http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/gornitz_02/
6. http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/H2O-On-the-Go/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Humans-and-the-water-cycle\
7. http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v19/n1s/full/scientificamericanearth0309-32.html
8. Chapter 3 Notes Mrs.DeRiemaker