the youngsters in theoretical nuclear physics an ace up france’s sleeve in the rib competition
TRANSCRIPT
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The Youngsters in Theoretical Nuclear Physics
An Ace up France’s sleeve in the RIB competition
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Some Thoughts for the Future
• The European Roadmap : FAIR and EURISOL
• For What Science?
• How can theoreticians, and particularly young French theoreticians, maximize their contribution?
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NuPECC recommends the construction of 2 ‘next generation’ RIB infrastructures in Europe, i.e. one ISOL and one in-flight facility. The in-flight machine would arise from a major upgrade of the current GSI facility: FAIR, while EURISOL would constitute the new ISOL facility
THE EUROPEAN PLAN
The EURISOL Road Map
• Vigorous scientific exploitation of current ISOL facilities : EXCYT, Louvain, REX/ISOLDE, SPIRAL
• Construction of intermediate generation facilities: SPIRAL2, HIE-ISOLDE, SPES
• Design and prototyping of the most specific and challenging parts of EURISOL in the framework of EURISOL_DS.
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• Cooled beams
• Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets
Key Technical Features
Primary Beams
• 1012/s; 1.5-2 GeV/u; 238U28+
• Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity• 2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons• 1010/s 238U73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u
Secondary Beams
• Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u;
up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present
• Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV
Storage and Cooler Rings
• Radioactive beams• e – A collider
• 1011 antiprotons stored and cooled at 0.8 - 14.5 GeV
Next Generation Facility: FAIR at GSI
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A New In-Flight Exotic Nuclear Beam Facility
II Superconducting large acceptance Fragment separator
Optimized for efficient transport of fission products
III Three experimental areas
I High intensity primary beams from SIS 200 (e.g. 1012 238U / sec at 1 GeV/u)
Talks by H. Geissel and M. Winkler on Thursday
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• Mass measurements
• Reactions with internal targets
Elastic p scatt.
(p,p’) (,’)
transfer
• Electron scattering
elastic scattering
inelastic
FAIR:Experiments at Storage Rings
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= 0.03 = 0.78
Ionsources
RFQ176 MHz
HWRs176MHz
Elliptical ISCL704 MHz
1 GeV/qH-, H+,
3He++
1.5 MeV/u
100 keV
60 MeV/q 140 MeV/q
>200 MeV/qD+, A/q=2
Chargebreeder
Low-resolutionmass-selector
UCx
target
1+ ionsource
n-generator
= 0.065= 0.14= 0.27= 0.385
QWRISCL
88 MHz
3 QWRs ISCL
88 MHz
8 HWRsISCL
176 MHz
SpokeISCL
264 MHz
20-150 MeV/u (for 132Sn)
To low-energy areas
Secondaryfragmentation
target
A possible schematic layout
for a EURISOL facility
4-MWtargetstation= 0.047
3-spoke ISCL 325 MHz
High-resolutionmass-selector
Bunching RFQ
To medium-energy experimental areas
= 0.65
Elliptical ISCL704 MHz
= 0.09, = 0.15
H-
H+, D+,3He++
9.3- 62.5 MeV/u 2.1-19.9 MeV/u
To high-energyexperimental areas
RFQs
Chargeselector
One of several100-kW directtarget
stations
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Yields of fission fragment after acceleration (best numbers for all)
Today Today
A
Kr
Yie
ld,
pps
Yie
ld,
pps
A
Sn
Thanks to Marek Lewitowicz
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The Major Challenge is…
That each of these facilities will cost 1 Billion (109) € to build and about 100 M€ each year to run
We need to convince ourselves, our pairs, our funding agencies and eventually the tax payers that this is good use of the money spent!
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The Nuclear Chart and Challenges
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Nuclear landscape towards the drip-lines
16 18 20 22 24 26 28
N
30
18
Z
4He
20020088
10
12
14
16
8 structure of 24O ? 24O23N22C
31F
30,31,32Ne
33Na
34Mg 38Mg
Next drip-line nuclei ?
37Na36
33
39
43Si
40Mg
44Si
Low-lying resonances ?Neutron skin ?Neutron excitation ?Density Profiles ?New shell effects ?
Complete the Identity card of drip-line nuclei
34Ne
Dri
p-l
ine
Dri
p-l
ine
07 :07 : 125 125Pd (Z=46) found at RIBFPd (Z=46) found at RIBF
How far can ab-initio andno-core shell model go ?
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Modification of magic numbers far from stability
4
3
2
1
0
12 16 20 24 N
12Mg 16S
2020CaCa
E* (MeV)
Mean Field + CorrelationsShell Model
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Results for E1 strength
25NeGS
1.7 2.0
3.3
[MeV]
26NeGS
S1n S
2n
Pb Target
Al Target
E* [MeV]106 840 12 16 20
We deduced: B(E1) = 0.600.06 e2fm2
or 5.9 1.0% of TRK sum rule @ 9 MeV
mb/MeVd/d *E
0
30
10
20
0
30
10
20
background subtracted
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Neutron-proton pairing and correlations
• n-p pairing can occur in 2 different states: T=0 and T=1. The former is unique to n-p. It can be best studied in N=Z nuclei through spectroscopy and 2-nucleon transfer reactions.
Beyond the mean field
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294118
Synthesis of new elements/isotopes (Z 120) Spectroscopy of Transfermium elements (Z 108) Shell structure of superheavy nuclei
GSI Z112 RIKEN Z=113DUBNA Z to 118?
Super heavy elements : discovery and spectroscopy??
Structure +ReactionsTDHF
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Studying the liquid-gas phase transition far from stability
Muller Serot PRC 1995
Bonche Vautherin NPA 1984
Neutron rich nuclei: isospin distillation
Proton rich nuclei: vanishing limiting temperatures
p
ress
ure
asymmetry p/n
From Ph. Chomaz and F. Gulminelli
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Effect of shell closures on element abundances
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Interactions fondamentales• Transitions super-permises 0+0+ : hypothèse
CVC.
t ft1/ 2 0i 0f
1 R Nucl 1 Coul K
2GV2 1R
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A stimulating workshop
• A pleasure to listen to wonderfully talented young (and slightly older) theoreticians and experimentalists.
• This young theory community is unique to the world and an asset to France and Europe in the RIB competition.
• Good collaboration between groups• Understanding of the necessity of close
collaboration with experimenters.
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A somewhat restricted view…
• World champions in mean field and beyond but• Shell model?• Ab-initio calculations?• Reactions?• Applications?• Your community is large enough to master
several approaches• Your work should be driven by the diversity and
advancement of the field, and not by the history of your lab.
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Some tentative advice…maybe• Improve your models and their predictive power
based on new data but• Take some time to think about new concepts,
this will keep our field moving• Get out of your lab. Go abroad and initiate
collaborations. Spend some time in accelerator labs. See the World (of nuclear physics)
• Collaborate on experiments from submission to interpretation. Feel responsible.
• Help plan the future. Give you input and time to help foster new facilities. (Join the EURISOL User group at www.eurisol.org)