GOPAL DAS MENGHWAR13CRP07

Theories in Rural Development & Planning

SUBJECT: RURAL PLANNING

EXPLAINATION Theory: a well-substantiated explanation of some

aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

Rural/Rural Area: living in or characteristic of farming or country life

Development: the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful.

Planning: “According to Haimann, Planning is the function that determines in advance what should be done.”

What is Development?- Development: A multi-dimensional process

which involves transformation in structures, attitudes and institutions as well as the acceleration of economic growth, reduction of inequality and the eradication of absolute poverty.

CONCEPT OF DEVELOPMENT ?

Rural development is a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of rural poor.

It is a process, which aims at improving the well being and self realization of people living outside the urbanized areas through collective process.

Rural Development is all about bringing change among rural community from the traditional way of living to progressive way of living. It is also expressed as a movement for progress.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

DEV. IN RURAL AREA CAN BRING

INFA-STRUCTURE

TECHNOLOGY

HEALTHEDUCATION

ECONOMY

1. To develop farm, home, public service and

village community.

2. To bring improvement in producing of

crops and animals living condition.

3. To improve health and education condition etc.

improvement of the rural people.

4. To improve villagers with their own efforts.

5. To improve village communication.

OBJECTIVES OF RURAL DEV.

“ A better quality of life in world’s poor countries calls for higher incomes-but it involves much more. It encompasses better education, higher standards of health and nutrition, less poverty, a cleaner environment, more quality of opportunities, greater individual freedom, and richer cultural life.”

World Development Report World Bank 1991

To increase the availability and widen the distribution of basic life sustaining goods such as food, shelter, health and protection

To raise levels of living, that is to say, higher incomes, the provision of more jobs, better education, and greater attention to cultural and humanistic values.

To extend the range of economic and social choices available to individuals and nations by freeing them from servitude and dependence not only in relation to other people and nation- states but also to the forces of ignorance and human misery.

THREE CORE VALUES OF DEVELOPMENT

Development is primarily defined in the context of economy as it is equaled with economic development of the country.

Various scholars of diverse disciplines have view development in the following context:

- Improvement-change (for the better)

- Economic growth, Modernization, Industrialization

Myrdal’s concept –”Soft State” underdevelopment is caused by external relationships (trade, aid, and investments)

United Nations- looking for better alternatives for third world countries in dealing with developed countries.

Brandt Commission Report- (Uphoff and Ilchman) development is one of the more depreciated terms in social science literature.

Ferrel Heady- in the case of modernization development tends to be discussed in societal terms.

Walter Rostow (Rostowian concept)-5 stages of economic growth. Development process is successive stages. (Traditional, pre-take off, growth, maturity and high mass consumption).

Evolutionary Concept of Development

Rural development is a dynamic process, which is mainly concerned with the rural areas. These include-

Agricultural growth, putting up of economic and social infrastructure, fair wages as also housing and house sites for the landless, village planning, public health, education and functional literacy, communication etc.

Rural development is a national necessity and has considerable importance in India

Importance of Rural Development

1. To develop rural area as whole in terms of culture, society, economy, technology and health.

2. To develop living slandered of rural mass.

3. To develop rural youths, children and women.

4. To develop and empower human resource of rural area in terms of their psychology, skill, knowledge, attitude and other abilities.

5. To solve the problems faced by the rural mass for their development.

Rural development is needed because !!!!

Rural development is a transversal function and cannot be executed successfully without the collaboration amongst a variety of social partners and the participation of communities;

Through social mobilisation and organising of rural people into functional groups communities can effectively take charge of their own development.

Conclusion

‘Tears are very close to my eyes,’ says Bhonco, son of Ximiya. ‘Not for pain…no… I do not cry because of pain. I cry only because of beautiful things.’ ...

The day rural people would ‘cry only because of beautiful things’ is the day and moment when we would be satisfied that, indeed, the ANC government would have delivered on the promise of ‘A Better Life For All!’

Continue………….

TOPICS DISCUSSED:

Concept of developmentRural developmentObjectives of rural developmentWorld development report world bank 1991Three core values of developmentImportance of rural developmentNeed of rural development

World Bank World Development Report, 1991

Michael P. Todaro economic development 6th New York University

The Concept of Development, Definitions, Theories and Contemporary Perspectives Rural Development, Overview: Presentation to CAADP Stakeholders, 20 October

2011.SPECIAL FEATURES & REALITIES OF RURAL COMMUNICATION

References:

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