BRIDGING THE GAPHAITIAN TIMESwww.haitiantimes.com vol. 12 no. 45/november 10-16, 2010 $1.00

THE

BRIDGING THE GAPHAITIAN TIMESwww.haitiantimes.com vol. 12 no. 45/november 10-16, 2010 $1.00

THE

Storm, Cholera Tolls Rise, but Haiti Vote

still on

page 3

PORT-AU-PRINCE (Reuters) – The death tolls in Haiti from Hurricane Tomas and a raging cholera epidemic have risen, but a top U.N. official said Nov.8 there were ”no objective rea-sons” why elections should not be held later this month in the earthquake-ravaged Caribbean country.

page 15

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti (AP) – A cholera epidemic has spread into Haiti's capital, imper-iling nearly 3 million people liv-ing in Port-au-Prince, nearly half of them in unsanitary tent camps for the homeless from the Jan. 12 earthquake.

Cholera Confirmed for Resident of Haiti's

CapitalSince the January 12 earthquake, mul-

tilateral agencies and humanitarian orga-nizations have deployed across Haiti with “cash-for-work” programs, employing tens of thousands. Taken together, these agen-cies and “non-governmental organizations” or NGOs – the term is a misnomer, since many are direct subcontractors of the US and other governments – are likely Haiti’s largest employer.

Do cash-for-work programs help “the recovery”? Is it a good thing that the side-walks are jammed with people selling most-ly imported goods and cast-off clothing and shoes from overseas? And what lurks behind the comments of former President Bill Clin-ton and United Nations Secretary Ban Ki Moon?

This is part one in a two-part series where Haiti Grassroots Watch takes a look at cash-for-work programs and, answers these questions:

What is cash-for-work? Is cash-for-work “working”? What are its

effects on the Haitian economy and society? What is cash-for-work?In Haiti, CFW programs are aimed at

earthquake victims who live in the 1,300 camps for displaced people or in the coun-

tryside with friends or family. “Cash-for-work” (CFW) is a term used by humanitar-ian agencies to name short-term jobs meant for unskilled labor. A main objective is to get money circulating in order to “relaunch” an economy. Workers are paid minimum wage or less. The term appears to come from a related program, “Food for Work” (FFW), which humanitarian agencies have

been using in Haiti and around the world for decades. Cash has replaced food.

A CFW job is typically eight hours a day, five or six days a week, two or four weeks in length, with a daily salary of 200 gourdes (Haiti’s minimum wage, about US$5.00). Typical jobs include: street-sweeping, clean-ing drainage canals, rubble removal by hand,

building latrines in camps, clearing or repair-ing rural dirt roads using picks and shovels, and digging contour canals on hillsides. Some CFW jobs are actually CFW and FFW, because rather than receiving 200 gourdes, the worker gets 120 gourdes (US$4.00) and a food ration. In some parts of the country, workers get food only, like near Maniche a town in the south, where workers get a sack of wheat, a sack of beans and five gallons of oil after four weeks of work.

Unfortunately for the Haitian government, for economists and for the public at large, no one or agency actually knows how many people are working in the multitude of CFW and FFW programs in Haiti at the moment.

While many people were able to report that their program had 1,500 jobs or 2,500 jobs on any one day, nobody has totaled up the jobs, mapped their locations, or tallied up that the workers are doing.

As an example, Concern Worldwide reports 400 workers; American Refugee Committee, 105; Catholic Relief Services, 6,000; Mercy Corps employs about 600 near Hinche, the World Food Program (WFP) said it will have employed a total of 140,000 people by the end of 2010, but the length of

Cash for… What?

Photo courtesy US Navy Visual News ServiceThis image, released by the US Navy Visual News Service shows damage caused by Hurricane Tomas in Haiti. Hai-tians mopped up the muddy wreckage left byHurricane Tomas, amid fears that flooding left by the killer storm will worsen a cholera epidemic that has killed more than 500 people so far. See story on page 3

see WORK on page 12

SPORTS

page 18

Art & CultureAward to Dussax

Baptiste School inJcamel

Canada's former governor general sounded an optimis-tic note as she began her new job with the United Nations on Nov.8. Michaelle Jean was offi-cially named special envoy to Haiti for the UN's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi-zation.

Ex-GG Michaelle Jean Sounds Optimistic As She Begins New

Haiti Job

page 5

FIFA and the LOC to Head Tour of FIFA Women’s World Cup 2011 Participating Nations

No one actually knows how many people are

working in the multitude of CFW and FFW programs in

Haiti at the moment.

FIFA and the President of the FIFA Women’s World Cup Germany 2011 Local Organising Com-mittee (LOC) Steffi Jones are to head a Welcome Tour of the 15 countries participating in next summer’s FIFA Women’s World Cup 2011™ – 26 June and 17 July.

Each visit of the six-leg tour starting in December will feature two events. One event will have a spe-cific women’s football focus where FIFA alongside the host Football Association will promote both the FIFA Women’s World Cup and the importance of women’s football development. Another event will see the LOC in cooperation with the German Feder-al Foreign Office provide an update on current state of preparations and essential details regarding next summer’s competition to 150 invited guests from the worlds of politics, sport, business and culture. The delegation led by Jones will clock up a total of some 120,000 kilometres and 180 hours in the air.

Sydney is the starting point for the 2011 Welcome Tour on 8 December 2010, before moving across the Tasman sea to Auckland on 10 December.

The FIFA and OC Welcome and Promotional Tour of the participating nations is the “first” in the history of the FIFA Women’s World Cup.

“This tour is a fantastic opportunity for us to introduce ourselves as welcoming hosts, and con-tinue to drive international awareness of the FIFA Women’s World Cup. Simultaneously, our goal is to boost the women’s game by deploying FIFA’s wide-ranging expertise,” commented Jones.

“One of the FIFA’s mission is to develop the game” said Tatjana Haenni, Head of FIFA Wom-en’s Competitions. “This promotional tour along-side one of the world’s strongest Associations in the development of women’s football is a perfect showcase for FIFA to underline its own commit-ment to the women’s game.”

CANCUN, Mexico – Mexico beat the United States in one of the biggest upsets in the history of women’s soccer, a 2-1 victory Friday night on goals by Maribel Domin-guez and Veronica Perez that qualified the Mexicans for next year’s World Cup.

Carli Lloyd scored for the top-ranked United States, which is in danger of miss-ing the Women’s World Cup for the first time. Mexico is ranked 22nd.

The Americans, the 1991 and 1999 champions, must beat Costa Rica on Monday in the third-place playoff of the North and Central American and Carib-bean region, then win a home-and-home

playoff with Italy, the No. 5 team in Euro-pean qualifying, to reach the tournament in Germany. The playoff is Nov. 20 and 27.

The Americans outscored opponents 18-0 in the first round and had beaten Mexican in all four previous meetings in qualifiers, by a combined 26-0.

Dominguez scored in the third minute, Lloyd tied it in the 25th and Perez put Mexico ahead for good 2 minutes later.

In the first semifinal game, Canada qualified for the fifth straight time, beating Costa Rica 4-0 on goals by Josee Belanger, Jonelle Filigno and Christine Sinclair and an own goal.

Mexico Upsets US 2-1 to Reach 2011 WWC

Carli Lloyd scored the USA's lone goal versus Mexico.

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times2

OuestPort-au-Prince

Haïti: premiers ”cas isolés” de choléra recensés dans la capitale Des ”cas isolés” de choléra ont été recen-sés dans la capitale haïtienne Port-au-Prince, pour la première fois depuis le début de l'épidémie qui a fait 544 morts dans le pays, a indiqué le directeur de cabinet du ministre de la Santé, le docteur Ariel Henry. Il n'y a pas pour l'heure ”de flambée” de la maladie dans la capitale, mais le choléra ”va arriver” à Port-au-Prince, où se trouvent de nombreux sinis-trés du séisme de janvier dans des camps de fortune,...

Haïti: les risques de

choléra ”se multiplient” Les risques de propagation du choléra ”se multiplient” en Haïti en raison des inon-dations provoquées par de fortes pluies et de nouveaux déplacements de popula-tion, a affirmé mardi une porte-parole de l'ONU. Le passage de l'ouragan Tomas, même moins violent que prévu, a aggravé la situation, a indiqué la porte-parole du Bureau de coordination des Affaires humanitaires de l'ONU (OCHA) Elisa-beth Byrs. Le dernier bilan des autorités sanitaires haitiennes fait état de 544 morts et 8.138 hospitalisations. L'ouragan a fait 21 morts, 6.610 sans abri et près de 50.000 personnes ont été évacuées, dont la moitié se trouvent dans des campe-ments provisoires. L'épidémie de choléra qui frappe Haïti depuis la mi-octobre vient d'atteindre la capitale Port-au-Prince et est devenue ”une question de sécurité nationale” selon le directeur général du ministère de la Santé haïtien, Gabriel Thimoté.

Médecins Sans Frontières s'implique dans le traitement du choléra Pour donner une réponse médicale plus efficace à l'épidémie de choléra qui sévit

en Haïti, Médecins sans frontières (MSF) a placé des Centres de traitement du choléra (CTC) dans plusieurs régions du pays, qui ont déjà accueilli des milliers de patients. Jusqu'au 31 octobre dernier, près de 3 600 personnes ont été traitées dans ces structures avec des diarrhées aiguës, des symptômes pouvant être attribués à une infection cholérique. Le Centre de traitement du Choléra mis en place par l'organisation humanitaire interna-tionale Médecins sans frontières (MSF) à Port-au-Prince, notamment à Tabarre, attend des patients. Pouvant accueillir 240 malades, moins d'une dizaine de per-sonnes y étaient hospitalisées, a constaté Le Nouvelliste lors d'une visite des lieux le mercredi 3 novembre. Ils viennent pour la plupart de Carrefour et sont origi-naires du Bas-Artibonite, où l'épidémie de choléra s'est initialement déclarée. Et, à en croire le docteur Reichling St-Sauveur, tous les patients hospitalisés jusqu'à mercredi dernier ont été atteints du choléra.

212 000 CIN disponibles : L'ONI annonce une distribution massive Un lot de 212 000 cartes d'identification

nationale (CIN) est disponible à l'Office national d'identification (ONI). A cet effet, les potentiels électeurs concernés du département de l'Ouest sont invités à se rendre dans les centres de distribution afin de retirer ce document obligatoire pour voter le 28 novembre prochain. L'appel est lancé aux potentiels électeurs manifestant l'intérêt de remplir leur devoir civique lors des scrutins présidentiel et législatif du 28 novembre prochain. Au moins 62 000 de ces 212 000 cartes sont arrivées à Port-au-Prince cette semaine en provenance de New York (Etats-Unis), a annoncé M. Seitenfus au cours de cette conférence qui s'est déroulée dans une minuscule salle qui loge le bureau de M. Covil. Pour éviter que les citoyens pas-sent des heures dans les files d'attente au moment de récupérer leur carte, M. Covil a indiqué que 450 opérateurs de cette institution étatique qu'il dirige depuis environ cinq ans seront mobilisés pour faciliter la distribution. En conséquence, ni les nouvelles demandes d'inscription ni celles concernant la réimpression de CIN ne seront reçues durant la période électorale.

Dans la première partie de cet article (voir Haitian Times, semaine du 4 au 10 novembre 2010), j’ai mis en doute l’utilité de la création d’une Académie haïtienne de langue créole dont l’objectif serait de « fixer la langue créole ». Mes arguments tenaient en ces points : Pourquoi vouloir « rendre stable et immobile » une langue qui, comme toutes les langues humaines, est par nature en constante évolution et toujours en train de changer ? Quels seront les mécanismes mis en place par les membres de cette Académie pour faire respecter leurs règlements quand on sait que légiférer en matière de langue a toujours été suivi d’échecs dans la majorité des sociétés humaines ? Nous croyons qu’il est nécessaire de dépasser le simple recours à la création d’une Aca-démie à but normatif et mettre en place une véritable politique linguistique.

Au cours de leur histoire, toutes les sociétés ont du ou doivent prendre des décisions relatives à l’emploi des langues ou des variétés de langues utilisées sur leur territoire. Dans les pays en voie de développement, il peut y avoir urgence pour que ces décisions soient adoptées le plus vite possible ; dans les sociétés créo-lophones, en raison de l’héritage colo-nial et de ses conséquences (coexistence d’une langue européenne et d’une langue créole ; minoration de cette langue créole et haut niveau de prestige accordé à la langue européenne ; manque de matériels pédagogiques ou de lecture rédigés en

langue créole…), la pression est encore plus grande pour l’État de mettre en place un programme d’aménagement linguis-tique. Didier de Robillard (1997) définit l’aménagement linguistique comme « un ensemble d’efforts délibérés visant à la modification des langues en ce qui concerne leur statut ou leur corpus ». La plupart des chercheurs en aménage-ment linguistique distinguent deux sortes d’activités qui peuvent mener à long terme à influencer le comportement lin-guistique des locuteurs : en effet, ces changements peuvent affecter ou bien la structure linguistique (l’aménagement du corpus de la langue) ou bien l’usage lin-guistique (l’aménagement du statut de la langue). On peut introduire des change-ments dans la structure de la langue en proposant par exemple des modifications dans l’orthographe, la prononciation, le vocabulaire, la syntaxe (grammaire). On peut introduire des changements dans le statut de la langue en proposant par exemple des modifications dans la façon dont la langue doit être utilisée dans la société, ou les domaines de son utilisa-tion, ce qui à long terme débouchera sur des changements concernant son statut.

La première décision à prendre par les organismes compétents de l’État est de choisir la langue ou la variété de langue qui servira de variété standard représen-tative. Dans certains pays où coexistent plusieurs langues locales, les rivalités traditionnelles peuvent forcer l’État à choisir une langue « extérieure » qui fonctionnera en tant que lingua franca. C’est le cas de la majorité des pays afric-ains où coexistent sur le même territoire national des dizaines de langues. L’État a du donc choisir la langue du colonisateur européen (anglais, français ou portugais). Par exemple, le Nigeria, ancienne colo-nie britannique, a choisi l’anglais ; le

Mozambique, ancienne colonie por-tugaise, a choisi le portugais ; le Bénin, ancienne colonie française, a choisi le français. Haïti échappe à ce choix forcé puisque le créole est parlé et compris par toute la population haïtienne. Mais, l’État doit faire face à d’autres choix, par exem-ple, quelle variété de la langue créole choisir, quel sera le rôle de facteurs tels que la classe sociale, l’existence d’une variété littéraire, l’importance d’un dia-lecte régional, dans la prise en compte de cette variété ?

La variété ayant été choisie, il devi-ent maintenant nécessaire de la codi-fier afin qu’elle puisse répondre aux demandes qui avaient été placées sur elle en tant que langue nationale ou interna-tionale de communication. Dans le cas d’Haïti par exemple, un énorme pas a été franchi avec la mise en place d’un système graphique (l’orthographe IPN) clair, systématique et régulier. Même s’il existe encore beaucoup de chemin à parcourir en ce qui concerne la codifica-tion du vocabulaire, de la grammaire, ou peut-être même de la prononciation, le créole haïtien est bien parti sur le plan de l’institution d’un système graphique officiel.

L’un des grands obstacles qui restent à surmonter est la modernisation du vocab-ulaire du créole haïtien. En effet, dans les domaines des sciences dites dures (phy-sique, chimie, biologie…), de la méde-cine, des technologies ou de la société de consommation, le besoin se fait sentir profondément de doter le créole haïtien de nouveaux termes lexicaux qui servi-ront à traduire les termes étrangers d’une façon consistante et systématique. Dans certains cas, on évitera d’ériger tout cela en casse-tête. Le français étant la langue lexificatrice du créole haïtien, pourquoi

ne pas se servir tout simplement des termes qui existent déjà en français en l’adaptant au système phonologique du créole ? D’ailleurs, la grande majori-té des termes scientifiques français (et anglais) a été construite à partir du latin et du grec et personne ne trouve à y redire. Ils ont été intégrés dans le systéme phonologique du français et de l’anglais. Que va-t-on gagner en inventant de nou-veaux termes qui ne seront pas compris par le public ou en passant par des para-phrases qui seront impropres à rendre un concept scientifique ? Cela ne veut pas dire qu’il n’y aura pas de créations lexicales authentiquement créoles, c’est-à-dire construites selon des procédés qui font partie de la tradition morphologique créole. Il revient aux linguistes et aux terminologues de s’en charger. Mais, un simple coup d’œil jeté à ce que font d’autres langues pour exprimer de nouvelles réalités scientifiques montrera que dans le domaine scientifique les emprunts adaptés phonologiquement font légion. En revanche, il sera important de réfléchir aux nouveaux styles de discours dont on dotera la langue créole. En effet, dans la mesure où le créole a longtemps servi à l’expression d’usages oraux, son introduction depuis quelque temps dans des formes écrites du discours exigera que soient mis en place de nouveaux styles de discours propres à rendre de nouvelles représentations, de nouvelles situations de parole.

La dernière phase sera celle de la mise en œuvre, de la réalisation de tous ces changements. Les institutions qui feront leur promotion devront être les dictionnaires, les publications officielles, les grammaires traditionnelles, les ensei-gnants dans les salles de classe, les media. Contactez Hugues St.Fort à Hugo274@aol.com

Revisiter la question de la création d’une Académie haïtienne de langue créole, Deuxième partie

E N F R A N ç A I S

Du côtéde chezHugues

par Hugues St. Fort

November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 3

The Canadian government will build a new national headquarters and launch a first-aid training program for police in Haiti, Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon announced Thursday.

Speaking in Montreal, the minister said the projects are Canada's latest invest-ments in rebuilding the main institutions of the impoverished Caribbean nation fol-lowing January's devastating earthquake, which killed as many as 300,000 people and destroyed most of the country's infra-structure.

Once operational, the first-aid program will train about 7,000 police officers over

the next two years.Canada's total commitment to Haiti

amounts to more than $1 billion since 2006, including $150 million for humani-tarian assistance and $400 million over two years for earthquake recovery and reconstruction, according to the federal government.

Haiti is currently bracing for the arrival of tropical storm Tomas, as thousands still deal with basic survival needs in tempo-rary camps. Forecasters fear that the storm could hit Haiti as early as Thursday as a Category 1 hurricane.

The story was first published in cbc.ca.

Canada to Build Haiti Police HQ

PORT-AU-PRINCE (Reuters) – The death tolls in Haiti from Hurricane Tomas and a raging cholera epidemic have risen, but a top U.N. official said Nov.8 there were ”no objective reasons” why elections should not be held later this month in the earthquake-ravaged Caribbean country.

Tomas swiped Haiti on Friday, bring-ing rain and flooding but largely sparing crowded tent and tarpaulin camps in the capital Port au-Prince housing hundreds of thousands of homeless survivors of the devastating January 12 earthquake.

At least 20 people were killed in the flooding, mostly in southern provinces, local civil protection officials said, rais-ing the figure from eight reported late on Saturday.

Haiti's uphill recovery from the earth-quake, helped by a big United Nations-led relief effort, has also been compounded by the deadly cholera epidemic which broke out last month.

The death toll from this dehydrating diarrhea disease reached 544 by Novem-ber 6, with more than 8,100 hospitalized cases recorded, Haitian and international health officials said.

With U.N. peacekeepers and humanitar-ian agencies stretched between the storm and cholera response and the post-quake recovery, questions have arisen over whether Haiti can hold credible presiden-tial and legislative elections as scheduled on November 28. The latter were already postponed from February.

But the U.N.'s top representative in the country, Edmond Mulet, said no discus-sions were being held with the govern-ment and electoral authorities about post-poning the polls.

”There are no objective reasons not to have elections on November 28. Techni-cally, logistically, security, budget, all is in place,” Mulet told Reuters in an e-mail response to questions.

This month's vote will elect a successor to President Rene Preval, a 99-member parliament and 11 members of the 30-seat Senate, choosing leaders to steer Haiti's recovery from the crippling quake that wrecked the capital Port-au-Prince.

Analysts say the elections could be the most important in Haiti's history, but many see the path to the polls threatened by risks of political violence, as well as the huge humanitarian challenges.

FLOODs inCRease COnTaGiOn RisK

Health experts say they are concerned that floodwaters from Hurricane Tomas could multiply the risks from cholera,

which is spread by contaminated water and food. Cholera can kill in hours, but if caught early can be easily treated through oral rehydration.

The main focus of the cholera outbreak has been the Artibonite River watershed

that straddles central Haiti. The river was seen as a major factor in spreading the disease, and flooding from Tomas would

make this worse.”If a river with cholera bacteria flows

over and the water stays around for days, or becomes mud, that is certainly bad,” said Christian Lindmeier, spokesman in Haiti for the Pan American Health Organi-zation/World Health Organization.

Outdoor latrines overflowing in rural communities could also worsen the spread of the disease, he told Reuters.

So far, the epidemic has mostly hit rural provinces outside the capital, but with some suspected cases already being reported in the city's largest slum of Cite Soleil, health workers are bracing for a major outbreak in Port-au-Prince.

Lindmeier said special cholera treatment centers had been set up in and around the capital, making 1,000 beds available.

No significant infection had been detect-ed so far in the capital's camps housing

more than 1.3 million earthquake sur-vivors, which comparatively had better health surveillance and access to clean water than the city's slums, he added.

Tomas, which also caused flooding in Dominican Republic, has dissipated in the Atlantic, and one prominent U.S. forecast-er said it could be the last life-threatening storm of the busy 2010 Atlantic hurricane season.

”I believe we are all done this hurricane season with dangerous storms capable of causing loss of life,” hurricane expert Jeff Masters of Weather Underground wrote in his blog.

But he still saw a 50 percent chance of another storm, though not capable of inflicting casualties.

The six-month season that ends Novem-ber 30 has seen 12 hurricanes, five of them major.

storm, Cholera Tolls Rise, but Haiti Vote still on

Potable water was distributed yesterday near a tent city outside Port-au-Prince in an effort to stem a cholera outbreak

Training for fifteen photojournalists including ten Haitians and five Domini-cans will be held at the Spain Embassy in Port-au-Prince From Nov. 11 to 13; the workshop will be led by Emilio Morenat-ti, Ramon Espinoza Martínez and Andrés Casares, three Spanish photographers.

During this training the photographers will combine theory and practice in the field, they will have the opportunity to work on shooting and editing via the soft-ware like Photoshop or RAW.

Ethic in journalism will also be central in the training where the three profession-als’ photographers will illustrate the work-shops with examples drawn from their illustrious career.

Students will also have the opportunity to work on editing existing training mate-rials.

Participants must have a digital camera. They have been selected based on a pre-sentation of ten photographs representing their work and a resume.

spain embassy sponsors Photography Workshop

”If a river with cholera bacteria flows over and

the water stays around for days, or becomes mud,

that is certainly bad.”

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times4

NEW YORK –The first casualty of the new GOP House may be the issue trea-sured by Latino voters. Bryan Curtis talks to liberals and conservatives about the political desert migrants face in the next two years.

In at least one corner of Washington last week, the sense of despair was thoroughly bipartisan. Liberal and conservative advo-cates of immigration reform looked at the new GOP-controlled, Tea Party-infused House and saw a brick wall.

“The window is closing in the imme-diate future for significant immigration reform that would be comprehensive,” said Dr. Richard Land, a reform advocate who is president of the Southern Baptist Convention’s Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission.

“I think you’re going to get a lot more emphasis on enforcement of existing law and securing the border,” Land added.

Now that he has six more years of job security, the thinking goes, perhaps John McCain will perform a dramatic deus ex McCaina and champion reform again.

His liberal allies agreed. “To pretend we’re going to get something on immi-gration reform or finish the agenda on health-care reform is delusional,” said Raúl Grijalva, a Democratic congressman from Arizona.

When Democrats controlled both cham-bers, there was little progress made on put-ting the nation’s 11 million undocumented immigrants on a path to citizenship. To see why that’s an even longer shot now, all you have to do is look at the new House chessboard. Republican Lamar Smith from Texas is set to be chairman of the Judiciary Committee, and Steve King from Iowa

will chair the immigration subcommittee. For reform advocates, Smith and King are like Scylla and Charybdis—Smith the low-key, unrelenting pol and King the motormouth who has asked for an electri-fied border fence. After the election, Smith issued a statement saying his priority was enforcing the laws. “American citizens should not have to fear for their lives on U.S. soil!” he wrote.

When the new Congress is sworn in, the Tea Partiers figure to have higher priorities than immigration. “I think these folks have been elected to come to Washington and take a meat axe to the federal budget and to undo Obamacare,” Land said. “And those are going to be their first, second, third, fourth, and fifth priorities.”

Moreover, on Tuesday Republicans managed to elect three Hispanic statewide candidates—Senator Marco Rubio of Flor-ida, along with Governors Brian Sandoval of Nevada and Susana Martinez of New Mexico—who favor tougher immigration laws. That makes the hope of compromise bleak.

The new Washington figured to look a lot like the Capitol did between 2005 and 2006. “It’s an ugly flashback for us,” said Marshall Fitz, director of Immigration Policy at the Center for American Progress Action Fund. Then as now, you had a Sen-ate coalition sympathetic to immigration reform, and a supportive president. You also had a House that was itching to put up harsh enforcement bills. “They can-celed each other out, and all passed was the stupid fence,” said Frank Sharry, the executive director of the pro-reform group America’s Voice.

So if nothing happens legislatively, then

the question turns to political theater. What should the parties do? Given the heavy Latino turnout in states like Nevada Tues-day, Barack Obama must find a way to show he’s an ally of the Latino community by 2012. Sharry suggested that if the Mid-west economy continues to falter, Obama’s best path to victory may be through states like Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, and Florida, where the Latino vote looms large.

Grijalva said Obama should call the GOP’s bluff. “It’s a good time for Demo-crats to put it on the table and let Republi-cans destroy it,” he said.

That, in turn, would create a scenario in which the House of Representatives becomes an anti-immigrant rump that could blow the election. Sharron Angle,

who ran a series of immigration com-mercials that resembled non-comedy ver-sions of Robert Rodriguez’s Machete, is a cautionary tale. Latinos gave 68 percent of their vote to Harry Reid.

For now, reform advocates are entertain-ing long-shot scenarios. “I have always thought if anything significant were to happen on immigration reform, it would have to be done between now and the first of the year,” Land said, referring to the lame-duck session. But that would take a shove from Obama. It’s more likely that Harry Reid will use the lame duck to put forward the DREAM Act, which grants citizenship to immigrant children who crossed the border as minors. Reid prom-ised to bring up the bill in an election-eve interview with Univision’s Jorge Ramos.

Land suggested a new crisis along the border could forge a grand compromise where Republicans got tougher border security and Democrats got some kind of reform.

Finally and most tantalizingly, there was the specter of John McCain, or whichever politician was appearing in his clothing these days. Before his dramatic about-face during his Senate primary campaign—when he proclaimed, “Complete the danged fence!”—McCain was a booster of immigration reform. Now that he has six more years of job security, the thinking goes, perhaps he will perform a dramatic deus ex McCaina and champion reform again. McCain is still seething from 2008, when voices on the Hill didn’t believe he would be a better champion for immigra-tion reform than Barack Obama.

“Don’t quote me on this,” said one reform advocate, “but maybe he was right.”

The Death of Immigration Reform

Unions and pro-immigration reform groups are touting the impact of the Latino vote on the midterm elections as they renew their push for comprehensive legis-lation in the next Congress.

Advocates for an immigration reform bill say Democratic candidates in Western states, particularly California and Nevada, benefited from high Latino turnout. They plan to pivot off that strong showing in 2010 to argue that both parties need to move on immigration reform if they want to win over the crucial voting bloc in 2012.

“It showed the Democrats that they needed the Latinos to win. It also showed the Republicans that they cannot win with-out Latinos,” Eliseo Medina, secretary-treasurer of the Service Employees Inter-national Union (SEIU), told The Hill.

Immigration reform advocates say Democrats who fought for a comprehen-sive bill this Congress were rewarded by Latino voters. On the other hand, they say Republicans who called for tougher border enforcement policies and increased depor-tation were punished.

“In wave elections, both chambers usually flip. It’s pretty remarkable that the Senate stayed in Democratic hands,” said Frank Sharry, executive director of America’s Voice, an immigration reform advocacy group. “The Latino vote was the firewall.”

According to exit polls, Senate Major-ity Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) earned 68 percent of the Latino vote in the Nevada Senate race, compared with 30 percent for

his Republican challenger, Sharron Angle. Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-Calif.) took 65 percent of the Latino vote in the California Senate race, while Carly Fiorina, her GOP opponent, took 28 percent.

In both the Nevada and California races, Latino voters made up 15 to 20 percent of the electorate.

Both Angle and Fiorina came out against comprehensive immigration reform during their election campaigns. Both GOP can-didates also supported a new Arizona state law that gave police officers the authority to detain someone on suspicion alone of being in the United States illegally.

Reid, in particular, made a big play for Latino votes. In September, the Senate leader tried unsuccessfully to attach an immigration-related measure known as the DREAM Act to the defense authorization bill. The provision would provide a path to U.S. citizenship for children of illegal immigrants if they earn a two-year college degree or join the military.

“Latino citizens responded to Major-ity Leader Harry Reid's aggressive pur-suit of immigration reform by voting for him in overwhelming numbers. They were clearly the difference in his victory,” Rep. Luis Guiterrez (D-Ill.), a vocal immigra-tion reform advocate, said in a statement Wednesday.

The tilt of Latinos toward Democrats can be seen in a poll taken in eight states from Oct. 28 to Nov. 1.

Paid for by groups in favor of immi-gration reform, including SEIU and the

National Council of La Raza, the poll found Latino voters supported Reid by 90 percent, Boxer by 86 percent, and Sen. Michael Bennet (D-Colo.) by 81 percent, among other candidates. All three won close races on Election Day.

In addition, immigration reform was the second most important issue for Latino voters, according to the poll. Forty-eight percent chose either “jobs” or “the econ-omy” as their biggest concern, while 37 percent chose “immigration.”

SEIU, in particular, has worked to har-ness the Latino vote. The union pumped $5 million into Cambiando California, a Latino outreach group that helped turn

out voters for California Gov.-elect Jerry Brown (D).

The Latino vote will be crucial for either party in 2012 as they compete for control of the White House. Moving on compre-hensive immigration reform could be key to securing those votes.

“Immigration reform has become a lit-mus-test issue for these voters. You are going to have to get on the right side of this issue if you want to win a national race. Being against immigration reform is turning into political poison,” said Mar-tine Apodaca, communications director for

Immigration Advocates: solid Latino Turnout shows Need for Reform

see LATINO on page 5

Dr. Richard Land

November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 5

Teams from the United Nations Chil-dren’s Fund (UNICEF) are assessing the needs in the Haitian capital, Port-au-Prince, and other areas hit by Hurricane Tomas and preparing to rush assistance to the affected areas.

Heavy rain from the hurricane caused flooding in the country’s five southern departments and in other regions includ-ing Artibonite, Centre, North West, and the communities of Léogane and Gressier, west of Port-au-Prince.

Heavy rains and severe flooding have also occurred in upper Artibonite with as much as one metre of standing water reported in Gonaïves, north of the Artibo-nite River.

UNICEF is working with the Depart-ment of Civil Protection (DPC) and other UN agencies and partners on the ground to respond to the most urgent needs.

“Our immediate goal is to assess the

impacts of the storm and prioritize our response and coordination efforts to ensure access to adequate sanitation, safe water, and basic health care,” said Francoise Gruloos-Ackermans, UNICEF Repre-sentative in Haiti.

“It is also imperative in responding to emergencies such as this that sep-arated and unaccompanied children, who are most at risk during emergen-cies, are protected and reunited with their families,” added Ms. Gruloos-Ackermans, who assessed the hurri-cane-stricken area of Jérémie at the south western tip of Haiti.

UNICEF will be working to ensure the safe evacuation and relocation of children from flooded areas, safeguard-ing schools and school supplies, protecting children in camps for those displaced from January’s earthquake and orphanages.

It will also ensure the continued opera-

tion of Cholera Treatment Centres, which are part of measures to prevent further spread of cholera, which has affected Arti-bonite and communities in the north-west

region the most. According to UNICEF, the recent flood-

ing and physical damage caused by the hurricane will further complicate the chal-

lenge of responding to the cholera epi-demic that emerged just three weeks ago.

“Extensive flooding and the deteriora-tion of clean water and sanitation supplies

and circumstances can create the ideal conditions for spreading the cholera disease further, a risk that UNICEF and partners are addressing in their response plans,” stated the agency.

The latest figures from the Haitian Ministry of Health put the reported cholera death toll at 501, with 7,359 hospitalizations throughout the small Caribbean nation.

Later this week UNICEF is expect-ing a large shipment of supplies, including 1.2 million sachets of oral rehydration salts, more than 8 million

water purification tablets, and more than 5,000 tarpaulins for distribution in the most affected areas.

Reform Immigration For America.The new Republican House majority

could be put in a difficult position on the issue — Senate Democrats still have con-trol of their chamber and could move on an immigration package in the next Congress.

If the legislation passes, likely House Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio) will have

to decide whether or not to take up the bill. Either decision will anger an important faction: freshman GOP House members affiliated with the Tea Party or Latino vot-ers his party’s presidential candidate will need in order to win the White House from President Obama.

“The problem is they are caught between their political rhetoric and the future of their party,” Medina said about the GOP-controlled House.

The labor official, however, said Repub-

licans now have an opportunity to win Latino votes. If they negotiate in good faith to find a solution to the immigration problem, Latinos could be swayed in their direction.

“If they engage in a real, honest-to-goodness discussion on how to fix this problem, people will give them credit for it,” Medina said. “They will get a fair hear-ing. They will also get a lot more votes if they change the direction of the party.”

Nevertheless, immigration reform advo-

cates understand how tough it will be to pass a comprehensive bill in the divided Congress next year. But they expect Dem-ocrats will at least want to debate the issue in order to keep Latino voters on their side.

“We might not be able to win that debate, but we certainly want to have it. The Senate can make sure we do and so can the president,” Sharry said.

The story was first published on the hill.com.

Latinocontinued from page 4

Canada's former governor general sounded an optimistic note as she began her new job with the United Nations on Nov.8.

Michaelle Jean was officially named special envoy to Haiti for the UN's Edu-cational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza-tion.

She expressed hope that Haiti wouldn't be abandoned by the rest of the world, as attention spans shift elsewhere and memo-ries of this year's earthquake begin to fade.

Jean noted that when she spoke to for-eign leaders, as governor general, she saw genuine interest in reconstruction.

”As governor general I was able to lead 40 missions abroad and several state visits. Haiti was always on the radar,” Jean told a news conference in Paris.

”Haiti was always part of the bilateral conversations.”

She says she's continued to receive posi-tive signals in recent months, as she pre-pared to depart from Rideau Hall and move into her new position at UNESCO.

”The idea is to keep Haiti in all these leaders' minds — and I'm very confident it will happen,” Jean said.

”As soon as my appointment was announced many countries came to me and said, 'We are really willing to support this endeavour.'. . .

”So I'm really confident. There's no doubt that people will respond.”

The former journalist plans to use her four-year term to work on rebuilding the country's shattered education system.

The key problem with aid to Haiti, she says, has been its cacophonous quality — with dollars for reconstruction ”sprinkled” over myriad projects and international efforts poorly co-ordinated.

She has often described her homeland as ”a vast laboratory for trial and error” in the development sector, a description she used again in Paris on Monday.

What's needed now, she said, is better co-ordination of efforts.

The director-general of UNESCO salut-ed her new colleague at Monday's cer-emony.

”We will be able to count on your intimate knowledge of the place, of its people, its culture, to put in motion the most efficient programs, ones most likely to be accepted and to prove durable,” said UNESCO head Irina Bokova.

Jean agreed that her Haitian roots will prove useful. So will the fact that she's Canadian.

”The fact of being from Haiti is a plus. I speak the language, I know the country from the inside,” she said.

”At the same time, I have the necessary detachment.”

Her family left Haiti more than 40 years ago, escaping the country as refugees.

She has spoken about how, as a girl,

she once entered a police station where her father was tortured and saw the walls smeared in blood.

A school principal, her father so bitterly detested the Duvalier dictatorship that he refused to let her join other children in swearing allegiance each day to the coun-try's leaders and insisted on having her home-schooled.

On Nov.8, the daughter fired a parting

shot at the Duvalier regime.”I know this moment will remain

engraved in my memory because it marks an important step — not only in my career path, but in my life,” Jean said.

”I see this as a revenge against the bar-barism that once forced my family, and thousands of others like us, to take the path of exile by treating us like pariahs and banishing our dreams from Haitian soil.”

ex-gg Michaelle Jean sounds Optimistic As she Begins New Haiti Job

uNICeF Assessing Needs After Hurricane Batters Haiti

The latest figures from the Hai-tian Ministry of Health put the reported cholera death toll at

501, with 7,359 hospitalizations throughout the small Caribbean

nation.

Michaelle Jean

The haiTian Times86 November 10-16, 2010

Democracy or Demographic Project

As early as 2003, many western govern-ments have been mull-ing the possibility of

containing Haiti’s population, which was expected to reach 20 million by the year 2025. Accordingly, they decided that a poor and overpopulated Haiti, historically resistant to the orthodoxy of the western civilization, represented a threat to the western hemisphere, hence a time bomb to be defused. Fittingly, the occupation (2004-?), coming in the year of Haiti’s bicentennial, correlates with this line of thinking which has since developed into a policy to be implemented. The occupation unfortunately ended a period (1986-2004) which would have gone down in his-tory as “The Haitian Renaissance.” Rasin music embodied the Haitian conscious-ness, Creole or more suitably “Haitian” was recognized along with French as the country’s two official languages and the long-oppressed majority finally started enjoying the rewards of political empow-erment.

However, in the euphoria of their new-found freedom, the masses failed to notice the danger lurking in the shadow: a reac-tionary group, guided and financed by for-eign entities and the mulatto elite, willing to undo their political gains. Afflicted with a chronic case of political narcissism and prodded by the international community, these enemies of the people embarked on a near religious crusade to save Haiti from the uncivilized Lavalas hordes. On the other hand, the masses, ignoring the lessons of history, failed to consolidate their gains by not applying victor’s justice against their former oppressors, which proved to be a blunder of monumental proportion. As a result, the Renaissance fizzled under the machinations of the international community and the political economic sabotage from these enemies of the Haitian people.

One of them, Edwige Lalane, a former Haitian diplomat and enabler of the U.N occupation of Haiti, went so far as to advocating the physical elimination of 5% of the residents of Sité Solèy, pop.350.000, whom he deemed incorrigible and uncon-tainable bandits. Even Joachim Von Rib-bentrop, the Nazi’s top diplomat (1938-45) was never that callous, even though the extermination of European Jewry was the Nazis’ stated policy. When Hitler start-ed his denunciation of the German Jews at the beginning of his political career, no one could have foreseen the consequences of his intolerance against a group he felt had no place in his vision of a racially pure Germany. His diatribes won over a major-ity of Germans nevertheless and the rest is history: crematories, special treatments, concentration camps, final solution and mass exterminations became part of the world’s lexicons.

It is therefore inconceivable that at the beginning of the 21st century, a third rate diplomat and simple minded fascist could advocate the physical elimination of

humans he deemed undesirables and not be criminally charged for making terror-istic and genocidal threats against human-ity. Distorted ideas are more amenable to common folks than simple facts and, once a rationale is ingrained in their psyche, irrationality automatically prevails. This helps explain why Haiti’s current situa-tion, the result of centuries of persecu-tions by western powers, is invariably blamed on Jean Bertrand Aristide, whom the same Edwige Lalane alleged would cause harm to the country and the inter-national community, if he were allowed to return from the imposed exile in South Africa. And, also Charles Baker’s conten-tion that restoring the now-defunct Haitian Armed Forces (F A d’H) would deter criminality and set the country in the path of development.

As expected, the international commu-nity was in accord with Edwige Lalane’s method of dealing with the so-called ban-dits of Sité Solèy, because on June 6 of that year MINUSTAH soldiers mounted an indiscriminate bombing and land cam-paign against the area’s residents. The U.N reported 13 deaths, most of them it attributed to collateral damage, while independent sources registered dozens fatalities. Despite the generic press release by MINUSTAH promising an investiga-tion on the circumstances of the untimely demise of the innocent victims, no report were ever released to the public.

For centuries, the Artibonite Valley abutting both sides of Haiti’s largest river by the same name was the breadbasket of the country and a lifeline for millions of Haitian peasants. With the inhabitants of the region presently afraid to use the contaminated river water for their daily chores, including cooking and farming, the cholera epidemic may well suit the designs of Lalane’s Haiti Democracy Proj-ect and its backers. The probable cause of the cholera epidemic, a MINUSTAH base manned by Nepalese soldiers, will be ignored in accordance with the U.N standard practice of promising an inves-tigation without ever intending to release any conclusion to the public. Now that the U.S Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta has confirmed that the cholera strain is South Asian, in effect substan-tiating the Nepalese connection to the outbreak, will the UN repatriate the con-tingent?

The Haitian government’s response apparently precludes such possibil-ity, if one refers to the statement of Dr. Alex Larsen, Haiti's Minister of Health. ”Although these results indicate that the strain is non-Haitian, cholera strains may move between different areas due to glob-al travel and trade.” Therefore, we will never know the exact origin of the strain that is causing the epidemic in Haiti” said Dr Larsen. Like Gérard Latortue, Haiti’s prime minister (2004-06), who famously acknowledged not having read the docu-ment granting the MINUSTAH jurisdic-tional power over the Haitian National Police, Dr. Larsen may, one day, admit not having seen this statement that bore his name.

Could Lalane’s “Haiti Democracy Proj-ect” be a misnomer for Haiti Demographic Project?

Contact Joseph at djougan@yahoo.com

eDITORIALs/OPINIONs

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under TheRadarBy Max A. Joseph Jr.

Got an Opinion?Give us Your Two Cents!e-mail us at info–ht@haitiantimes.com

These days, some TV pundits talk a lot about President Obama’s popularity stand-ing and the Democratic party’s defeat in the recent election of the House of Rep-resentatives. Few of them recall that the majority in U.S. Congress is a cyclical seesaw that had created difficulties and opportunities for successive presidents, democrats and republicans.

Rare are those who recognize the disas-trous economic condition Barack Obama had inherited and the urgent bold actions he took to avoid a national catastrophe. Regardless the high level of unemploy-ment that cause so much distress in so many families, the situation would be catastrophic if the million of those who remained employed thanks to the presi-dent’s initiatives were also out of jobs.

History teaches us that too often the good deeds of outstanding men and women are rarely valued correctly by their contemporaries. It is, however, in time of great difficulties that you can distinguish the true braves. Their real pursuit is not in the glory of their temporary positions but in the durability of their initiatives for the benefit of the larger portion of the country’s population. The reactionaries pretending to be conservatives called such concern socialism with a negative conno-tation. Their social philosophy is to keep things the way they are so that those who have less are reduced to none while the sky

is no limit for those who have plenty.When these conservative legislators talk

about reducing the size of government and the salaries of functionaries are they including themselves? When they talk about killing the Health Reform Law that benefit millions of children, elderly, handi-caps, and others in the middle and lower classes, are they sure to always have the privilege of their own health insurance? Looking at the arrogant attitudes of those conservatives who have only one legisla-tive purpose, “insure that Obama is a one term president,” one can wonder how long they will declare anything that Obama will propose as socialist oriented and vote NO?

These “legislators” must be careful not to suffocate in their own vomit while a number of those who voted for them at the last election will soon realize that all the heinous talks and the great promises are only that and do not represent progressive action for better future. Should they have the votes to block government initiatives and try their own conservative agendas, the consevatives will not have the vote to over ride the president’s VETO. Whether Obama will be a one term president or not, history will tell. In the mean time, an impartial observer will recognize that he has done a lot in two years to relieve the pains of the larger population and put the country on a positive path. It has long been said that lightning strikes the taller trees.

History will be the Judge

November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 7

Let’s face this bleak reality, the Haiti of today is not a sovereign state and has not been

for quite some time. Haiti is an orphan state at the custody of the international community (IC), more precisely the Unit-ed States of America.

Like a sinking ship in the middle of the ocean, Haiti is quickly disintegrating as the people are dying from subhuman conditions and one disaster after another. The weak state of the Haitian government has rendered it practically incapable of addressing any of the people’s issue. It seems that the more the international com-munity wants to be the savior of Haiti, the more the country is falling into the abyss.

As a people it is not too late to reclaim our country. I am fully aware of how hard such a task would be, but protecting our rights to exist would fully validate the undertaking. We are not short of who to blame for our constant meager conditions, but often time the solutions are not easy to come by, let alone finding the courage to implement anything that could work. It is time for a re-evaluation of our commit-ment to our country.

Haiti has been in a state of crisis man-agement for most of the past two decades. The presidential elections of 2000 were heavily criticized, and in 2004 we saw the removal of a duly elected president and a return of UN forces on our soil. Right after, we had a care-taker government, which was headed by Gerard Latortue, who himself was the choice of the interna-tional community. In 2006, the people had to take the streets to make sure that their votes were counted and respected, and as an outcome Rene Preval became president for a second time.

Fast forward to 2010, which will prob-ably be recorded as one of the worst years in Haitian history in term of natural disasters, and the exposition of what fail-ing policies can do to a people. Top-down, we have witnessed a disenfranchised peo-ple unable to help themselves during the hardest moment in generations. After the

earthquake, it became evident that Haitians do not control their destiny and that its very survival is at the mercy of the international community. The same scenario repeated itself as a cholera outbreak potentially have reached our shore from South Asia, have killed and sickened scores of Haitians, only to once again witness the people left at the mercy of the international community to come to their rescue.

The Haitian authorities can-not speak to the people until they are ordered to do so from their proprietor, even if that mean, watching hopeless peo-ple die. As the earthquake and the cholera outbreak clearly exposed to the incompetence of Haitian authorities and their willingness to submit to orders from the international com-munity, as a concerned citizen I believe the time has come for us to implement the changes that we want for our children.

The plan of the international community for our country is to let Non-governmental orga-nizations (NGOs) do the job that could and shall be done by Haitians. It is clear and evident that our country is completely dependent on the charity of the IC and Haitians more than ever are being excluded from major decisions relating to their country.

The UN military forces under the ban-ner of MINUSTHA have provided a safe heaven for foreigners to do their work in Haiti, while million of Haitians continue to suffer. There is a false sense of peace in the country because the people know any attempt to voice their discontent will be met by force from the UN soldiers. All along, the Haitian government has allowed this situation to continue. The MINUST-HA also protects the status quo of the few Haitians in power all at the detriment of the people.

The reconstruction effort is being co-led by President Bill Clinton, a part-timer UN envoy to Haiti, and Max Bellerive, the cur-rent sitting Prime Minister of Haiti. There

is no doubt who is really in charge between those two individuals. Haiti is an occupied territory that no one wants to acknowl-edge. The weak state of Haitian govern-ment is a direct result of the international community policies towards Haiti, and unfortunately many of us are too naïve to want to accept this basic reality.

The way forward starts with a bottom-up approach, where the people stop falling for the trap of survival and start investing in the future of their children. Haiti became an independent state in 1804 because for the most part our ancestors came to the realization that they rather die than to see us living the same life they lived. Hence, a movement towards a free Haiti began and succeeded in defeating the French colo-nialists. Today’s situation is no different. We face the prospect of not seeing a better tomorrow, but we can fight for the welfare our children. It is the moment for us to take ourselves out of the equation, and lay

everything on the line for the sake of those who have yet to be born.

As we live in a global age, the new reality of occupation and colonization has changed. Instead of one country being in charge of a lesser weaker state, we now see multi-national forces, usually dominated by great powers, taking the lead to impose their policies on impoverished countries like Haiti. It would be one thing to be the property of the international community and have access to the most basic necessi-ties of life, but it is completely unaccept-able to live this daily humiliation in our own homeland, and yet still forced to live in sub-human conditions.

The face of slavery may have change, but Haiti and Haitians remain in bondage. We must once again break the chain of oppression and reclaim our rightful place among civilized nations in this world. The international community has failed and is continuing to fail us.

Haiti: Property of the International CommunityIlio'sOdysseyBy Ilio Durandis

One little-noticed result of the Nov. 2 elections, the first since the Great Reces-sion of 2007-09 , was greater voter pres-sure for capping a giant gusher of govern-ment red ink: the $4 trillion in pension liabilities for state and municipal workers.

Few politicians, even Democrats backed by the public-worker unions, could afford

not to propose reforms for these retirement ben-

efits that are often abused, underfunded, and usually far more generous than those in private business.

In two key states, California and Illi-nois, voters approved many local ballot initiatives calling for pension reform. And in six states, newly elected governors have proposed one of the most radical steps: 401(k)-style plans for government employees as an alternative for traditional

guaranteed pensions.Such victories will build on pension

changes already begun in a handful of states, where reform has been mainly directed at new hires. In two states, Mis-souri and Illinois, the retirement age was recently raised to 67, while 16 states have either cut benefits for new employees or required current workers to pay something for their benefits.

Many cities are also being forced to act in order to avoid big cuts in spending. In Los Angeles, for instance, Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa has announced that pensions would be lower for new fire and police workers.

Moving to “defined contribution” plans like 401(k)s will help public pension plans recoup the massive losses from the 2008 financial collapse on Wall Street. Too many states were too generous in retire-

ment benefits, believing their investments on behalf of workers would bring 8 percent returns for decades. Two states, Alaska and Michigan, have already adopted 401(k)-style systems, and others are sure to fol-low.

A question remains over whether reforms will need to cut the pensions of current public workers. If unemployment persists and the stock market doesn’t do better, more governments will need big cuts. But the powerful American Fed-eration of State, County, and Municipal Employees is ready to go to court if any government breaks an agreement on ben-efits.

The usual partisan politics, however, tend to fail in the face of the need for reform. “This is not a conservative-versus-liberal issue; this is a reality issue,” says Dan Liljenquist, a state senator in Utah

who champions such reform.Elected leaders would be best to work

with unions initially to design changes in benefits. But ultimately, politicians are accountable to taxpayers to put public-sector pensions on a solid footing.

States collectively face a $72 billion shortfall in their budgets this coming year, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. And they have enough money to cover only 76 percent of their pension obligations.

With many lean economic years likely still ahead, state lawmakers need to look again in their 2001 sessions at the gener-ous benefits given too easily during the fat years – often under union pressure. With future taxpayers in mind, they will need to ask civil servants to be compen-sated at levels similar to the people they work for.

The 2010 election Was A Call To Cut Public Pensions

O P I N I O N

An Argentinean peacekeeper with the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) stands among a crowd of people in the town of Grande Saline in Haiti’s Artibonite region. Due to its isolated, coastal location, the town has been badly affected by a recent cholera outbreak and is in need of clean water and medical care. The cholera has been linked to contaminants in the Artibonite River, now flowing into Grande Saline's coastline.

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times8

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November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 9

The first phase of post-earthquake recon-struction and development of the Episco-pal Diocese of Haiti will cost close to $197 million, according to a plan released here during a Nov. 3-5 meeting of many of the diocese's current mission partners.

The Plan for the Reconstruction and Development of the Diocese of Haiti (Phase 1) says that the $196,861,926 cost estimate includes a $24,319,400 ”local contribution,” thus leaving $172,542,526 to come from outside sources.

A version of the plan was released dur-ing the Haiti Connection Conference in Miami. Close to 185 people from 32 U.S. states, as well as Washington D.C., Cana-da, the Virgin Islands and Jamaica, were registered to attend. The participants, who represent organizations engaged in minis-try in Haiti, gather biennially to exchange information about their work. The last con-ference was November 2008 in Port-au-Prince, the now-devastated Haitian capital.

The conference began while Tropical Storm Tomas was developing into a Cat-egory One hurricane and barreling towards Haiti where more than 1 million quake survivors are still living in tents.

Tomas moved through the Windward Passage between Cuba and Haiti on Nov. 5 about 140 miles west northwest of Port-

au-Prince. The National Hurricane Cen-ter predicted that much of Haiti would receive between five and 10 inches of rain. Hurricane-force winds were expected over the southwestern peninsula of Haiti. Some of the Haitians attending the meeting were unable to return home because all flights to Port-au-Prince were canceled.

Bishop Jean Zaché Duracin, who told the conference that the plan will allow the diocese to live into its post-quake resurrec-tion, told Episcopal News Service that a supplement to the plan will soon be devel-oped to include the costs for repairing Hôpital Sainte Croix in Léogâne near the quake's epicenter. The complete plan will be posted on the Haiti Connection website when it is available, said Ken Quigley, one of the conference organizers.

The diocese says in the plan that it wants to go beyond rebuilding to look at the capacity of its parishes, schools and medical institutions to address community and congregational needs in the tradition of the diocese's service to Haiti since the church was founded in late 1850 by the Rev. James Theodore Holly.

The Jan. 12 magnitude-7 earthquake destroyed 71 percent of the diocese's churches, 50 percent of its primary schools and 80 percent of its secondary schools,

according to details in the plans. Seventy-five percent of its higher-educational facil-ities must be demolished and 33 percent of the rectories, convents and guesthouses are seriously damaged and also must be destroyed. Also lost were the bishop's house and the income-producing condo-minium building.

Those losses equal an estimated $61.3

million, according to a list included in the plan as explained by the Rev. Mathieu Brutus, a Haitian priest who was part of the commission that developed the plan. Brutus also told ENS that the total recon-struction cost estimates listed in the ver-sion of the plan released to conference par-ticipants were not accurate and confirmed the figures reported above.

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The upcoming five-year review of the United Nations Human Rights Council should help it make a greater difference on the ground, reacting more swiftly and effectively to chronic and urgent abus-es, the body’s president told the General Assembly Nov. 3rd

We must not lose focus of what we aim to achieve”, Sihasak Phuangketkeow of Thailand, president of the 47-member body, said as he presented its annual report to the Assembly.

Mr. Phuangketkeow said that last week’s first session of the open-ended intergov-ernmental Working Group for the review process, which was mandated by the Assembly, presented an opportunity to build on achievements and make improve-ments.

The review, he said, aimed to identify ways for the Council to streamline its work to ensure that its time and resources were

effectively used. It will also highlight the need to better coordinate the relationship between the work of the Council and that of the General Assembly on rights issues.

Once the process iscompleted — no later than June next year — it will feed into a separate Assembly-led process that weighs the Council’s status within the United Nations system, Mr. Phuangketk-eow added.

On other developments covered in the report, he said a total of 72 decisions and three Presidential Statements had been adopted during the reporting period, which ran from September 2009 to June 2010.

Among the most pressing issues on the Council’s agenda during that time were post-earthquake recovery in Haiti, the attack on the Gaza flotilla and the situ-ation in Somalia.

Panel discussions held by the Council benefited from a wide range of expertise

from its Advisory Committee and other bodies, and from hearing first-hand expe-rience of, among others, victims of traf-ficking.

He said the Universal Periodic Review had successfully reviewed 127 coun-tries, which was two thirds of the United Nations membership, noting the Council had secured 100 per cent participation by States under review thus far.

In the area of standard setting, he said the Council advanced its work on issues relating to women’s human rights, includ-ing maternal mortality and morbidity and gender equality, among as well as on the rights of children.

Other thematic issues covered included the impact of the global and financial crisis on human rights, including the rights to truth, to protect journalists in situations of armed conflicts and the adverse effects of toxic human waste on human rights.

Opening today’s discussion, which heard from more than 36 Member States, General Assembly President Joseph Deiss of Switzerland said the annual report of the Human Rights Council stressed the importance of human rights as a third pillar of the United Nations mission, alongside peace and development

While recognizing the vital contribu-tions the Council has already made, he said that it was now important to review the body’s work, bearing in mind both the Council’s mandate and the need to make necessary adjustments.

It was his intention to complete the review process during the Assembly’s six-ty-fifth session, a task that would require effective collaboration between Geneva and New York. “I am pleased with the commitments undertaken in that regard,” he said.

Review Of uN Rights Council An Opportunity To Boost effectiveness, Assembly Told

Haiti Diocesan-Reconstruction Plan symbolizes 'New Vision,' Bishop says

The haiTian Times810 November 10-16, 2010

De semèn ki sot pase yo, m te pibliye pawòl m transkri nan 2 videyo m te jwenn nan sit jounal “Le Nouvelliste”. Pawòl sa yo te pale nan rankont ak laprès ministè sante piblik (mete ak lòt sè vis Le ta) te òganize pou yo esplike popilasyon an ki jan l dwe konpòte l ak danje kolera ki te kò man se nan peyi a depi zòn 21 oktòb 2010 la. Moun ki te pale yo, se te Doktè Alèks Lasèn (Alex Lar sen), minis Sante piblik la—videyo a dire 1’24”—ak Doktè Joslin Pyè-Lwi (Jocelyne Pierre-Louis), reskonsab Sante fa mi lyal nan ministè a—videyo a dire 9’35”.

Nan prezantasyon 2 kwonik sa yo (Ijyèn Kont Kolera), m te di: “M pran tan m, m transkri pa wòl doktè yo k ap pale de epidemi kolera a pou memwa, pou lis-twa, epitou gen on koze deyò a konmkwa kreyòl pa ta ka sèvi pou pawòl lasyans… Fò zòt ta di m sa yo rele lasyans!”

Sa k te nan tèt mwen, se te tout kalite pawòl anpil m wè k ap fèt sou entènèt la nan fowòm ayi syen depi apre Douz Janvye sou kesyon lang ann Ayiti. Ou gen enpre-syon tranblemanntè a resi si te tout bagay

nèt. On ti ponyen moun, fò ou ta kwè se sòlda ki t ap fè pòs nan djòb gadyen de van mozole leve-jwenn nou, pete on kokenn kabouya, on eskonbrit menm, sou koze lang lan. Yo retounen sou ke syon non lang tout Ayisyen pale a: Èske se ‘kreyòl’ osnon ‘ayisyen’? Yo fè de ba sou lang ki ta dwe sèvi nan lekòl dapre plan rebati, rekonstwi, refouye fondasyon peyi a, kidonk lang ki pi bon pou devlopman peyi a; lang k ap fè nou vin sivilize: franse osnon an gle? Yo di ou franse a pou yo se tankou ga lon yo medaye zèpòl on solda pou rekonpanse bèl mè vèy li fè nan la gè: li pran l, li pran l nèt; li gen dwa pou l pase l bay pitit, pitit-pitit, fil ann egui… Pa gen ke syon si l bon, si l pa bon, si l itil, si l pa itil. Yo di ou angle a se lang moun toutbon, lang ki fè yo respe-kte ou, lang ki fè ou devlope, lang ki ba ou demokrasi… Kanta pou kreyòl la li menm, yo di ou li pa vo anyen, li pa pèmèt nou regle anyen, li pa pèmèt nou fè wonn pòt…

Gen yon patisipan nan fowòm ‘Haiti-Nation’ ki pase nan rizib jan kreyòl di “Non ak Siyati” lè franse, li menm, di “Prénom et Nom”. Li mande kouman pou yo di “signature” an kreyòl si “si ya ti = Nom”. Konmkwa ta gen on pwoblèm lè on Ayisyen di: “Sa a se siyati Emànyèl. Se paraf li, m rekonèt jan l siyen an.” E si l te tande lè moun ap di: “M dakò avè ou, Sizàn lan pa ka tout non l, men se konsa m konn tande y ap rele l. Men m pa konn tit

li, m pa konn ki sa l siyen, m pa t kondisip dè klas li!”—Sa l ta di?

Jan de moun sa yo ba ou enpresyon gen on bagay yo konnen. Paske yo marande de twa fraz an franse—epi ki franse atò!?—ka fè nou panse fòk nou eseye ba yo bon jan esplikasyon, an franse tou, souple, pou yo ka konprann yo pa fin konn tout bagay nèt. Men, mwen menm, m refize eg zè sis lave men siye a tè a: moun sa yo pa gen bon konprann, sèvèl yo on ti jan manke moso, e yo pran wont sèvi kòlè pou kache peche sòtè yo!

Lang kreyòl la, se ta on blag li ta ye, si tout bagay li ta bezwen di, se ta ak on dekalke franse pou l ta parèt! Fòk tout moun ki ta ap pale kreyòl, se ta nan franse pou yo ta soti ak tou sa yo be zwen nèt. Pa t ap menm gen rezon pou yo ta ap pale kreyòl (lè yo gen on bèl lang tankou fran se)—se ta pou lwanj sèl, pou chèlbè, kondi yo di, pou fè wè jan yo maton… nan fè lang! Yo pa fin konprann, ann di yo pa ka konrann ditou ditou, koze ‘baz leksik kreyòl la, se franse a’. Baz la se youn, men fè diferan mo mache ansanm anndan “sistèm lang lan”, se sa ki pi enpòtan an: se on lòt!

M ta ka bay plizyè egzanp, men an nou chita sou on grenn. Sèl se youn nan engredyan, youn nan founiti, ki enpòtan lè n ap pale de gou on manje. Nou tout abitye ak sèl. Nan on resèt pou pre pare on pla,

franse gendwa di: “Salez et poivrez.” Èske nan on resèt ayisyen yo pral sèvi ak menm mo ‘sale’ a? Èske yo pral di ‘pwavre’? On Ayisyen ki ta li osnon ki ta tande yo di l ‘sale on manje’ t ap mande ki kalite remèd sa a, pou ki sa l bon. Depi nou piti n ap di: “Mete sèl, mete pwav.” ‘Sale’ se toujou twòp sèl… ki gate on manje, fè moun pa ka manje l. Nou apresye manje ki gen bon ti gou sèl. Men sa pa anpeche gen moun ki renmen manje ki gen fòs sèl. Konsa tou, gen lòt moun ki pa manje sèl (ditou). Fò manje a fad sèl. Osnon se beni pou yo ta beni l ak on ti sèl.

Kidonk, moun k ap pale kreyòl, lang natif-natal yo, k ap sèvi avè l pou bezwen egzistans yo, k ap devlope l, yo pa ret ap tann on moun ki konn pale franse pou di yo men ki diferan nivo sans pou yo pran nan mo y ap sèvi yo—kit mo sa yo te sot nan franse, kit yo te soti nan lòt sous. Rapò nou ak mo nan lang nou, se menm rapò on moun k ap grandi nan vil li, nan bouk li, nan katye l gen yen ak diferan riyèl, diferan koridò, diferan lakou… Se pa rapò etranje genyen ak vil y ap vi zite… Ou konn lang ou, ou abite lang ou, ou viv nan lang ou!

M pa konnen ki kantite lasyans y ap wè ki genyen nan analiz lengwistik sa yo. Se pa lang lan ki pa ka kapab: ou pa ka bay lang lan sa ou pa genyen!

Kontakte Wozvèl Jan-Batis nan roro-jb@netzero.com

Paj Kreyòl AyisyenIjyèn Kont Kolera: Ki sa yo di? Ki jan yo di l? Nan ki lang yo di l? (1)

Dèyè Pawòlgen Pawòl

Avèk Wozvèl Jan — Batis

November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 11

Stephen Studdert, a former political adviser and LDS Church mission presi-dent who used his contacts to orchestrate a high-profile “rescue and relief” mission to earthquake-ravaged Haiti, is now being sued by an investor who floated money for the operation.

John Allen Nichols of Alpine is suing to recoup $165,000 that he says he fronted for two charter flights on the condition that he be repaid, according to a lawsuit filed at 4th District Court in Provo. Also named in the lawsuit are Thomas Murdock, a former business partner of Studdert’s; their Tex-as-based corporation, Americans Helping Haiti Inc.; and a separate Salt Lake City-based charity, Healing Hands for Haiti.

“It’s important for people to understand how [Studdert] does business,” Nichols said Monday.

Studdert did not immediately respond to calls for comments but filed a motion last Friday to dismiss the lawsuit.

His lawyer, Stephen Quesenberry, said, “I think a bunch of people were trying to do good under a short period of time. It was chaotic and obvious there were some misunderstandings. I’m confident it will be worked out in the end.”

According to the lawsuit, Nichols received an e-mail in early January from Studdert, inviting him to be part of a

relief mission to Haiti. Nichols was once a neighbor of Studdert’s and said he attended services in the same ward of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Studdert and Murdock met with Nichols on Jan. 23, the lawsuit says. They told him that despite large sums of money donated to the effort — including $50,000 in uncleared checks and a half-million from a single donor — they did not yet have sufficient cash to pay for an airplane to transport relief workers.

Nichols agreed to invest $150,000 for a charter plane and other expenses after “Studdert and Murdock each promised … he would be repaid before the group left for Haiti,” the lawsuit says. At one point, Murdock promised to repay Nichols with his own money if necessary, the lawsuit says.

Nichols traveled with relief workers to Haiti, spending eight days there before returning to Utah, where he was tasked with preparing a second group of volun-teers and making preparations for the first group to come home.

Studdert abandoned the second mis-sion for lack of funding. And when plans to fly volunteers home on U.S. military and Delta flights crumbled, Nichols says he fronted another $90,000 for a return charter.

To date, Nichols says, he has been reim-bursed $50,000 of the money he believes he’s owed. That money was delivered in February in the form of a check from Heal-ing Hands for Haiti, a 12-year-old char-ity that makes prosthetic limbs and other devices for disabled Haitians.

The charity briefly joined with Stud-dert, allowing him to use its tax deduct-ible status to raise money in exchange for seats on the flight and volunteer labor to rebuild some of the charity’s demolished buildings.

Beyond that, Healing Hands has no con-tractual ties or obligations to Studdert or his investors, said Healing Hands lawyer and member of the board George Pratt.

Any money earned on behalf of Studdert and his Utah Hospital Task Force, about $106,000, was earmarked and “paid either directly to Murdock, Studdert and any par-ties they told us the money should be paid to,” said Pratt. “We never dealt with John Nichols. We had no idea who the Hospital Task Force was soliciting funds from.”

Studdert and Murdock continue to raise money to build an “American hospital in Haiti.” Murdock, of Salt Lake City, would not disclose how much has been raised but said they have made offers on some land.

He denies ever promising to repay Nich-ols but said, “He did a wonderful thing to pay for those charters. I think all of us had a desire to see that he be made whole. It’s unfortunate that he couldn’t wait.”

The story was first published in Salt Lke Tribune.

WASHINGTON – The Republican gains in Tuesday's midterm elections say a lot about how the American public wants the government to rule here at home, but very little about what it should do abroad.

U n r e s o l v e d wars in Iraq and

Afghanistan are taking their toll in Ameri-can lives and capital, nuclear tensions are simmering with North Korea and Iran. But voters weren't asked to either approve or reject President Barack Obama's view of the United States' role in global affairs.

It wasn't on the ballot.”I can't think of an instance in recent

times in which foreign policy was less prominent,” said Andrew Kohut, president of the Pew Research Center.

The president, meanwhile, was in India on Saturday, opening a 10-day Asia trip to promote U.S. policy and commerce and to meet with foreign leaders.

Terror strikes from abroad are the clear and present danger, as shown by the dis-covery of two package bombs headed to the U.S. from Yemen. But across the coun-try, candidates offered little of substance on how the U.S. should respond to those threats.

There was little discussion during the campaign of a landmark arms control deal with Russia, which the Senate must ratify to take effect. Nor was there serious debate about the wisdom of withdrawing remain-ing U.S. forces from Iraq or starting the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghani-stan next July.

Richard Haass, president of the Council on Foreign Relations, a New York-based think tank, said ”foreign policy hardly mattered” in the campaign and election.

”The principal reason,” he said in an interview, is that ”most Americans are preoccupied with their economic circum-stances. People voted on the basis of but-

ter, not guns.”Haass said a major crisis might restore

the prominence of foreign policy in nation-al affairs, but it would have to be ”some-thing big and bad,” such as a war with Iran or the collapse of Afghanistan or North Korea.

The Senate is considering a treaty with Russia to reduce stockpiles of U.S. and Russian long-range nuclear weapons, the first major arms control deal in years between the world's two leading nuclear powers.

The treaty still needs to be ratified by the Senate, where Republicans have balked at supporting it. Now with the Democrats' Senate majority eroded, the treaty's fate is in question. But it never became a major issue in the campaign.

It wasn't always like this. President Lyndon Johnson's pursuit of the war in

Vietnam turned the public against him and he ulti-mately decided not to run for re-election.

Aaron David Miller of the Woodrow Wilson Center said that unlike Johnson, Obama is per-ceived as trying to end the conflicts he inherited.

”It can change if the president becomes risk-ready rather than risk-averse,” Miller said, though the Republicans will be looking for stum-bles in Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran or the Israeli-Pales-tinian dispute.

The voters have decided, perhaps, that their vote carries little weight on national secu-rity issues, especially in a congressional election.

Overall, Congress has given a free hand to Obama in this area, as it did to President

George W. Bush.This could change if, as some pre-

dict, Republican legislators hold hear-ings to question a broad range of White House policies. But if the GOP challenges Obama's war strategy, it won't be because voters asked them to do so.

The Republicans made an issue of big spending. But in general, they are eyeing cuts in domestic programs, not the huge cost of maintaining and deploying the United States' military might abroad.

Traveling in the South Pacific the day after the election, Secretary of State Hill-ary Rodham Clinton said a shift in con-gressional power will not affect U.S. for-eign policy goals because politics stop at the nation's borders.

Clinton, no stranger to politics — she was a U.S. senator for eight years and competed with Obama for the presidential nomination — reminded reporters travel-ing with her that she was in the Senate minority for six of her eight years.

She said Republicans and Democrats can build coalitions and find allies on issues that are in America's interests.

A N A L Y S I S

election Campaign Ignored Foreign Policy

U.S Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton not affect U.S. foreign policy goals

Haiti Rescue Backer is sued

Stephen Studdert

land, many of it formerly farmed by peas-ants.

These newly landless peasants offered cheap labor – 10 to 30 US cents a day – for the plantations and agro-industries. The US State Department justified the “adjust-ment” of Haiti’s economy with now-familiar promises, saying it would “give the population work and assure economic development,” according to historian Suzy Castor.

Also during this period, the US govern-ment encouraged projects it said would “modernize” the agricultural sector, but, according to Castor, “the occupation did not solve or even improve the Haitian agricultural crisis.”

After the occupation, the US govern-ment’s Ex-Im Bank backed mostly US investors who set up businesses that includ-ed a New Deal-like promise of employing thousands and stimulating consumption.

The programs and projects did produce many results: the Peligre dam which dis-placed and impoverished thousands of peasant families, inflation, corruption,

profits for the foreign companies (includ-ing US military subcontractor KBR, then called Brown and Root), and an additional US$33 million debt for the Haitian gov-ernment, according to economist Gérard-Pierre-Charles.

Missing from the list of results, how-ever, were the promised improvements to the economy via increased demand and supply.

Washington’s next big interventions came during the Duvalier regimes. The US pumped in millions, at first to support the dictatorship as a bulwark against com-munism, and then for agricultural “devel-opment” projects aimed at staunching the flow of US-bound “boat people” refugees.

But the flow did not stop. In 1982, “the USAID and multi-lateral develop-ment agencies, including the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Inter-American Development Bank, formulated a new strategy,” which was “unprecedented in both its scope and its size,” according to migration specialists Josh DeWind and David H. Kinley III.

The strategy included attempting to “increase Haiti’s integration into the inter-national economy and particularly into U.S. markets” with projects mostly run by “private and voluntary organizations (PVOs)… in order to bypass generally ineffective host-country government agen-cies.”

PVOs are the predecessors to today’s “non-governmental organizations” or NGOs – the “Republic of NGOs” was born.

In 1988, DeWind and Kinley noted that “the new strategy seems to have main-tained and even exacerbated the economic

and political problems that have caused Haitian emigration” [p. 149] but USAID, the World Bank and the PVO/NGO sub-contractors, have continued along the same path.

More recently, USAID programs have included massive jobs programs for the now millions of destitute peasants and for-mer peasants. But numerous studies, like Feeding Dependency, Starving Democ-racy: USAID Policies in Haiti, both pro-duced in 1997, show that the programs have done little good.

Feeding Dependency looked at USAID-formulated FFW jobs programs that are not dissimilar with today’s CFW pro-grams, except that workers were often paid with US food, not cash. The report con-cluded that USAID programs “further[ed] US economic interests, not Haitian devel-opment.”

The report looked at a program of “labor-intensive, jobs-creation programs” established in 1993, when Washington realized that the return of then exiled-Pres-ident Jean-Bertrand Aristide to Haiti was inevitable. USAID created the $18 mil-lion dollar program in order to “increase the income of many poor Haitian fami-lies” and “create a sense of confidence and hope.” Focusing on rehabilitation and improvement of agricultural land, the pro-gram was bumped up to a total of $38 million, running for 34 months, and report-edly employed 50,000 workers a day at its peak.

But was the objective really to “create a sense of confidence and hope” or was it also to perhaps assure that the sup-porters of Aristide and of the progressive democratic and popular movement with its left-leaning demands did not find terrain to mobilize once Constitutional order was restored in 1994?

Feeding Dependency discovered that the USAID jobs programs “actively strength-ened anti-democratic forces and weakened grassroots, democratic organizations”.

“The negative implications that this carries for sustainable, community-based development cannot be overemphasized. By conducting the program under the coup regime, the US was providing the illegal

government with political support,” noted Feeding Dependency.

The report also said the programs had pulled peasants away from food produc-tion; created new, “unsustainable” habits of consumption; hindered “the volunteer-ism and community spirit necessary for development,” and “generated dependen-

cy.” Much of the infrastructure work was

ephemeral – canals quickly filled in and hand-built roads reverted to rocky paths during the subsequent rainy season, the study noted.

The report was first published on www.haitigrassrootwatch.org.

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times12 November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 13

employment varies. The United Nations Development Program claims it will have employed almost 400,000 people by the end of 2010 (although the WFP says that some of those jobs are counted as WFP jobs, too).

The cost of the UNDP program is about US$80 million.

Origins and objectivesWhile the term “cash-for-work” is a

relatively recent addition to humanitarian literature, the concept has been around for a long time. The British Economist John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946) might be considered the father of “cash-for-work.” One of Keynes’s key insights was the tendency for increased demand to have a ‘multiplying’ effect, so that government intervention (say) in job-creation would promote new opportunities for work in industries which depended upon consumer spending.

During the Great Depression n the U.S., the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration put Keynes’ theory to work. Two New Deal jobs programs – the Civilian Con-servation Corps and the Work Projects Administration (WPA) – employed mil-

lions at a time.FDR’s New Deal offers a perfect exam-

ple. With thousands of jobless men and women marching on Washington, and with labor organizations and socialist or com-munist parties gaining strength, the jobs programs were as much about preventing revolution as they were about jump-start-ing the economy.

CFW predecessors in HaitiThose two goals have also been behind

the various jobs programs in Haiti across the years.

François “Papa Doc” Duvalier had a program of “woy-woy” or temporary “make-work” jobs which were adminis-tered through his Public Works ministry. Duvalier used woy-woy jobs – and terror – to prevent any kind of uprising.

But long before Duvalier’s woy-woy jobs, the US began what has turned out to be a series of radical interventions into the Haitian economy as it tried to prevent revolution along with migration to the US, as well as install capitalist structures and practices that would benefit the US economy.

The first big interventions took place during the US occupation (1915-1934). By its end, over a dozen agro-industries – rub-ber, sugar and pineapple businesses – had taken hundreds of thousands of acres of

Cash for… What?

Workcontinued from cover

Missing from the list of results, however, were the promised improve-

ments to the economy via increased demand and

supply.

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times14

For more health tips and access to an online community of physicians and other healthcare professionals visit: DrDeas.com

The

PrescriptionBy Dr. Gerald W. Deas After giving birth to her son last year,

Sarah Mann, a mother in Santa Barbara, Calif, became one of an increasing number of women in the United States choosing to breastfeed her children.

”It seemed natural to me,” Mann, 29, said. ”The main thing is that it's good for him - that was my greatest motivation.”

But what Mann didn't know was breast milk - considered the best source of nutri-tion for babies - is low in vitamin D. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends all children, including infants, get 400 international units (IU) of vitamin D per day, an amount that is not possible to get from breast milk alone, experts say. And while people can also get vitamin D from sunlight, the AAP advises that infants younger than six months avoid exposure to direct sunlight due to skin cancer risk.

So what's a mom to do?The AAP recommends vitamin D sup-

plements, in the form of drops, be given to breastfed babies shortly after birth. How-ever, Mann's pediatrician never brought this up, and she didn't come across it in any of the materials she, as a new mom, voraciously read. ”I didn't even know that that was something we should be doing,” she said.

Mann is not alone. Only about 5 percent to 13 percent of breastfed babies received vitamin D supplements between 2005 and 2007, according to a study published in

April in the journal Pediatrics. These low numbers might stem from the mispercep-tion that breast milk contains everything the baby needs, experts say.

”I think that the perception that 'breast is best' leaves people just giving the breast milk and thinking that there isn't anything else that the breast milk might be missing,” said Dr. Joyce Lee, a pediatric endocri-nologist at the University of Michigan.

And recent surveys indicate less than half of pediatricians are recommending vitamin D supplements to breastfed babies, another possible reason for the low num-bers. Experts hope to get the message out, to both mothers and pediatricians, in regards to the importance of vitamin D for children.

What does vitamin D do?Vitamin D helps the body absorb cal-

cium and phosphorus from food, and is important for bone development. Children who are severely deficient in vitamin D can develop rickets, a disorder in which the bones weaken which can lead to frac-tures and skeletal deformities.

There's also emerging evidence that vita-min D provides a host of other health ben-efits for kids, including boosting immunity and helping to prevent diabetes and cancer later in life(although additional research needs to be done to confirm this). [Related: 9 Good Sources of Vitamin D]

Breastfed Babies Lack Neces-sary Vitamin D supplements

see VITAMIN D on page 23

At Downstate Medical Center, where I have taught for many years, one of the courses that all first-year medical students have to take is an anatomy class. There they are shown how to cut open and dissect the remains of people who have donated their bodies to science so that students can learn the art of medicine. However, in that anatomy lab, little or no attention is paid to the spirit of that once-living soul. I believe that this experience could be more reward-ing if a course in human spirituality was also presented at the same time. Students who are studying to become physicians are taking, as President Obama would say, a “shellacking.”

Recently, after the midterm elections were tallied, President Obama stated that he had taken a shellacking. By this I think

he meant that running the U.S. govern-ment had turned out to be different from his dream of being the nation’s leader. The press took up the word shellacking and presented in pictures and words that the President had been defeated in what he wanted to accomplish.

Watching and hearing this scenario in the media, I decided that I would have to dissect the word shellacking in order to improve upon his image. When the word shellacking is broken down, we wind up with two smaller words: “shell” and “lack-ing.”

President Obama’s shell is filled with magnificent achievements. It is not lack-ing. Just consider the contents of his life’s shell:

Anatomy of the Word “shellacking”

1961—born in Hawaii to Ann Dunham, PhD, and Barack Obama, Sr., a native Kenyan and Harvard graduate1967—attends school in Indonesia. (He is still able to speak the language today.) 1971—returns to Hawaii and enrolls at Punahou School1979—enters Occidental College in Los Angeles1981—enters Columbia University in New York, graduating with a degree in political science1985-88—visits Kenya and later enters Harvard Law School1990—becomes the first African-American president of the Harvard Law Review and graduates from law school with honors1992—while working as an attorney in Chicago, meets and marries Michelle and chooses to worship at Trinity United Church of Christ, asserting his Christianity1995—publishes Dreams from My Father; his mother dies of ovarian cancer 1996—wins election to the Illinois State Senate, where he serves for seven years 1999—his first daughter, Malia, is born2000—runs for U.S. Representative from Illinois, and loses2001—his second daughter, Natasha, is born2004—elected U.S. Senator from Illinois and receives overwhelming applause for his speech at the Democratic Convention2005—receives Fight for Freedom Award from the NAACP 2006—publishes The Audacity of Hope, which becomes a N.Y. Times bestseller2007—announces his run for President.2008—wins Iowa caucus and South Carolina primary; continues winning primaries and caucuses in 31 more states and territories2008—gains the Democratic nomination and wins the election2009—inaugurated as the 44th U.S. President and the first African American to achieve this goal

Later in 2009, when he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, I wrote the following poem in homage to President Obama, who has demonstrated that he is not lacking in ability to serve and keep the United States a blessed nation among nations:

The Blessed nobelist

May God bless youPresident Barack ObamaMay Allah protect youThe Blessed NobelistConnected to the continentThat brought forthThe creation of the human raceYour noble thoughts and worksWill bring the healing of JesusTo all mankind and nations

On Independence Day, July 4, 2009, I dedicated the following poem in his honor:

“Us”

God looked down on US,Creating a nation just for US, Red, White, Black, Yellow and Brown are US,Therefore, we all live in that TrustWithout us, can’t be U.S.God bless U.S.

The haiTian Times 15 November 10-16, 2010 HeALTH

NEW YORK- New York City officials have detected elevated lead levels in the water in dozens of privately owned build-ings. They are telling New Yorkers to run their taps for 30 seconds before drinking water, cooking with it or using it to make baby formula anytime the tap has not been used for several hours.

The New York City Department of Envi-ronmental Protection found elevated levels of lead in tap water samples at some homes with lead service lines (homes built before 1961 may have lead service lines), or internal fixtures and plumbing that contain lead, or that have internal plumbing joined

by lead solder (plumbing installed before 1987 may contain lead solder).

”NYC water is safe and healthy to drink,” said Environmental Protection Commissioner Cas Holloway.

A new campaign released Wednesday also recommends using cold water for cooking, even after running the tap. It reccomends to never use hot tap water for consumption because lead dissolves more easily in hot water.

The EPA action level for lead in drink-ing water is 15 parts per billion (ppb). DEP is required to notify the public when test results show more than 10% of the homes

tested have levels of lead above the 15 ppb action level.

In recent tests, 14 percent of tested buildings showed higher than accepted levels. That's 30 out of 222 buildings.

Too much lead can damage the brain, kidneys and nervous system, especially in young children and pregnant women.

The DEP says it carefully monitors and adjusts pH levels of water to a specific range that reduces the corrosive nature of the water, and we add phosphoric acid—a common food preservative—to create a protective film on pipes that reduces the release of metals, such as lead, from

household plumbing.The DEP monitors its drinking water for

approximately 250 contaminants, approxi-mately 100 of which are not currently required by regulators, and conducts more than 500,000 water quality tests each year.

The problem is not in any city owned buildings. Lead service lines in all city buildings known to have lead service lines, including public schools, were replaced over the past decade.

The city is offering free Lead in Water testing kits.

The story was first published in myfoxny.com.

New York City Water Warning

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti (AP) – A cholera epidemic has spread into Haiti's capital, imperiling nearly 3 million people living in Port-au-Prince, nearly half of them in unsanitary tent camps for the homeless from the Jan. 12 earthquake.

Health authorities told The Associated Press on Monday that tests confirmed a 3-year-old boy from a quake refugee tent camp who hadn't been out of the city had caught the disease. More than 100 other suspected cholera cases among city resi-dents also were being tested.

The outbreak has already killed at least 544 people in Haiti, Health Ministry Exec-utive Director Gabriel Timothee told the AP.

The boy from the Route Batiment camp was tested after being taken to the Bernard Mevs/Project Medishare hospital Oct. 31 suffering from severe dehydration, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. He was treated with oral rehydration, IV fluids and antibiotics and was released.

A stool sample tested by Haiti's national laboratory contained vibrio cholerae 01, the bacteria causing the disease, the chief medical officer, Dr. Antonia Eyssallenne, confirmed to AP in an e-mail. The boy's family had not traveled in more than a year or had contact with anyone from the Artibonite Valley, where the epidemic was first registered and has wreaked its most ferocious damage.

Timothee said many of the patients hospitalized in the capital with cholera are believed to have recently arrived from the Artibonite Valley, an agricultural area where more than 6,400 of Haiti's known 8,138 cases have been recorded.

At least 114 of the people suspected of having the disease in the capital are in the Cite Soleil slum, the expansive oceanside shantytown at the capital's far northeastern edge and its closest point to the valley.

Since its discovery in late October, the disease has spread to half of Haiti's 10 administrative regions, or departments. More than 200 people have been hospital-ized in the West department, where Port-au-Prince is located.

Cholera had never been documented in Haiti before its appearance last month.

In little more than three weeks it is suspected of infecting tens of thousands of people, though only about a quarter of people infected normally develop symp-toms of serious diarrhea, vomiting and fever. Nearly 4 percent of the thousands hospitalized have died, most from extreme shock brought on by dehydration.

Officials are concerned that floods trig-gered by Hurricane Tomas on Friday and Saturday could exacerbate the spread of the disease, which is transmitted through the consumption of fecal matter contained in contaminated water or food. The release of a dam on the Artibonite River caused

the infected waterway to swell Monday, but there were no reports of major flooding.

Living conditions in Port-au-Prince's earth-quake camps have ”dete-riorated as a result of the storm,” Boston-based Partners in Health said Monday.

”Standing water, mud, lack of garbage collec-

tion, and limited sanitation availability make the camps a potential flashpoint for cholera outbreak,” the group said.

Humanitarian groups and Haitian health care workers have been working in Port-au-Prince to prepare for cholera, inform-ing residents about preventative measures such as regular hand-washing and suf-ficiently cooking food as well as setting up clinics in expectation that the disease would spread to the city.

The origin of the outbreak continues to be a source for debate. Analysis by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found that the cholera outbreak in Haiti most closely matches a strain of the disease found in South Asia.

Public health experts, including U.N. Deputy Special Envoy to Haiti Paul Farm-er, have called for an aggressive investiga-tion into the origin of the outbreak.

They say that should include looking at the unconfirmed hypothesis that chol-era was introduced by U.N. peacekeepers from Nepal, a South Asian nation where the disease is endemic. Those peacekeep-ers are at a U.N. base on a tributary of the Artibonite River, which has been found to be contaminated with cholera.

Cholera Confirmed for Resident of Haiti's Capital

A boy moves in water after the flood caused by Hurricane Tomas in the city of Leogane, Haiti, on Nov. 5, 2010

At least 114 of the people suspected of having the disease in the capital are in the Cite Soleil slum,

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times16

COMMuNITYCALeNDARManhattan

The City Council's Committees on Immigration and Fire & Criminal Justice will hold a joint hearing on the NYC Department of Corrections' (DOC) cooperation with United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) On Wednesday Nov. 10 at 250 Broadway, 14th Floor, New York.. This collaboration involves using tens of millions of City dollars to facilitate the enforcement of federal immigration law and the deportation of New Yorkers, who often are not even convicted of serious crimes. Approximately 3,000-4,000 City residents are deported annually through this system, even though New York is wrongly considered to be among the most immigrant-friendly cities in the U.S. Advocates, legal experts, and affected immigrants will testify and call on the City Council to pass new legislation requir-ing the NYC DOC to affirmatively assist in executing ICE's civil immigration detainers only on those indi-viduals who pose a serious risk to our communities, and to opt-out of the mis-named federal ”Secure Com-munities” program.

- The U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) has announced that this year the government has changed its guidelines on who should get a flu shot to include just about everyone. Also according to the CDC, if you got one or both of the available flu shots last flu season, or you had the flu, you still need to get this seasons shot for protection against this seasons flu. If you are cur-rently sick with a moderate or severe illness like a nasty cold or worse, government health experts advise holding off on getting a flu shot until you are better. The elderly, health workers, and people who have chronic immune disorders such as HIV infection are especially encour-aged to get a flu shot. The guidelines on who should not get vaccinated have not really changed. Children under 6 months of age still should not get a flu shot nor should those who have had a previous allergic reaction to eggs or other vaccine components. Just call your care pro-vider, local board of health, or your job's human resource department. Or check out flu.gov to find flu shot clinic locations and more. But do it soon to avoid catching a nasty case of this season's flu.

New YorkManhattan

-Helen B. Atkinson Health Center will be having mam-mogram check every First Monday of each month from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. In front of CHN's Helen B. Atkinson Health Center, 81 W. 115th Street, New York. These Mammo-grams will only be for women ages 40 and older, with or without insurance who are New York City residents. Mobile mammogram unit provided by American Italian Cancer Foundation. To Make An Appointment: Call (212) 426-0088

-The Men's Health Clinic at Helen B. Atkinson Health Center will offer Primary health care services for men in

a male-centered environment every first and fourth Sat-urday of every month from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m at the CHN's Helen B. Atkinson Health Center, 81 W. 115th Street, New York. To Make An Appointment: Call (212) 426-0088

-The Sidney Hillman Foundation is now accepting nomi-nations and submissions for the 2011 Hillman Prizes, which that honor investigative journalism that fosters social and economic justice. The 2011 prizes will be given for work

produced, published, broadcast, or exhibited in 2010. Our six categories will include books (non-fiction), reporting in newspaper, magazine, and online (including blogs), film and broadcast journalism (includes television and radio), and photojournalism. Authors, editors, reporters, producers and photo editors are urged to submit nominations now. The contest is open to journalists and subjects globally, although work must be published in the United States. The postmark deadline for ALL nominations and submis-

sions is January 31, 2011. There is no submis-sion fee. A cover letter and four copies of the nominated material are all that are required. For photojournalism entries, we would most like to see tear sheets (photos as they were published), but scanned work on discs is also acceptable and/or can be supplemental. Please fill out the nomination form on our website. Online and blog entries can be submitted entirely on this form. Winners will be announced in May 2011. Each winner is awarded travel to New York City to receive a $5,000 prize and a certificate designed by New Yorker cartoonist, Edward Sorel, at our cocktail reception and awards ceremony to be held May 19, 2011. Submis-sions are judged by a distinguished panel of judges: Hendrik Hertzberg, senior editor, The New Yorker, Susan Meiselas, Magnum pho-tographer, Harold Meyerson, Washington Post and Los Angeles Times columnist and editor-at-large, The American Prospect, Katrina van-den Heuvel, editor and publisher, The Nation, Rose Marie Arce, senior producer, CNN, and Charles Kaiser, ”Full Court Press,” found on

the website of the Sidney Hillman Foundation. Please forward all nominations/submissions to:

Alexandra Lescaze Executive Director, The Sidney Hillman Foundation 49 West 27th Street, 3rd Floor

New York, NY 10001. For more information call 917-696-2494.

FloridaMiami

The NID-HCA is providing housing related counsel-ing to all persons/entities with housing needs, FREE OF CHARGE. The agency is staffed by a network of fully training counselors/real estate professionals with exten-sive multi-choice knowledge of the real estate industry, in general and within their areas, specifically.The agency is a default/foreclosure-counseling program to date has a 95% success rate in avoiding client lose of property due to foreclosure (without the client filing a bankruptcy).

NID-HCA works with your lender to negotiate the best terms available for all parties involved. NID-HCA will discuss extensively with the client issues such as, how to avoid foreclosure, options to foreclosure, communicating with your lender/service, renegotiating your loan terms, managing your debt and re-establishing your credit.

to The Haitian TimesFor more information visit

www.haitiantimes.com

The haiTian Times 17 November 10-16, 2010 BusINessNEW YORK (Reuters) – AOL Inc is exploring

strategic options, which include a possible tie-up with Yahoo Inc, and has retained financial advisers to do so, the Wall Street Journal reported on Sunday, citing unnamed sources.

AOL has not reached out to Yahoo with a proposal, the Journal said, adding that the company's advisers have been showing officials different ideas about a potential deal.

These options include merging Yahoo's and AOL's online businesses and spinning off Yahoo's Asian assets to give shareholders back some capital, the paper reported. Another idea would have private equity buy a stake in the combined operations and

give a dividend to Yahoo shareholders, the paper said.AOL is also looking at alternatives other than a deal

with Yahoo, the paper reported on its website.Last month, a source told Reuters that several pri-

vate equity firms had approached Internet and media companies including News Corp and AOL to gauge their interest in buying out Yahoo Inc.

A potential deal would be contingent on Yahoo selling its prized Asian assets, including a 40 percent stake in China's Alibaba Group and 34.5 percent of Yahoo Japan, the source told Reuters at the time.

AOL wasn't immediately available for comment on Sunday.

AOL Hires Advisers for Options, eyes Yahoo

PARIS (AFP) – Commercial airlines in the United States, Europe and Asia are seeing a rebound in their financial fortunes, announcing profit spurts after two very lean years.

The civil aviation sector in recent months has enjoyed a pronounced pick-up in both passenger and freight demand, with airlines welcoming the return of high-end travellers with deep pockets.

US carriers United, Continental, American Airlines and Delta Airlines earlier this month reported solid net earn-ings, followed this past week by upbeat announcements from airlines in Europe and Asia.

”Airlines are experiencing a growth in traffic volumes and -- most importantly -- a price context that is extremely favourable,” said analyst Pierre Boucheny of Kepler Capital.

In the face of a brutal plunge in demand during the finance crisis, airlines undertook drastic capacity cuts and cost reduction initiatives.

Now, as demand firms, carriers have some margin to raise prices.

On Friday British Airways and Iberia of Spain posted healthy profits, mirroring European peers Alitalia and Lufthansa taking advantage of the global economic recov-ery.

BA, which is merging with Iberia, said it rebounded to a net profit of 107 million pounds (122 millions euros, 170 million dollars) for the six months to September, its first interim profit for two years.

”We are ... benefiting from an improved economy, which we hope will pick up in 2011. We don't see any evidence to support a double-dip (return to recession),”

BA chief executive Willie Walsh said.Iberia reported a net profit of 53 million euros (73 mil-

lion dollars) for the nine months to September, recovering from a loss of 182 million euros a year earlier.

German flag carrier Lufthansa reported on Thursday that its net earnings had tripled in the third quarter while Italy's Alitalia also announced soaring profits for the period.

Finnair on Thursday said it had bounced back in the third quarter, beating expectations with a 32.4-million-euro (44.8 million dollar) net profit, boosted by its grow-ing presence in Asia.

Adding a nuance to the current wave of optimism, the

International Air Transport Association (IATA) has cau-tioned that in future the health of the overall airline sector will depend largely on the performance of Asian -- and especially Chinese -- companies.

”In terms of profits and traffic, growth will come from this part of the world,” said Sukor Yusof of Standard and Poor's, citing India, China and southeast Asia in particular.

On Friday Japan's All Nippon Airways (ANA) said it had returned to profit in the six months to September, lifted by the rebound in passenger demand.

The airline posted a half-year group net profit of 13.3 billion yen (165 million dollars) and raised its full-year outlook.

The profit represented a sharp turnaround from a year-before net loss of 25.3 billion yen, which was the group's first loss for an April-September period in 30 years.

Air China meanwhile said its third-quarter net profit surged more than fivefold, citing not only robust demand but the appreciation of the yuan.

The carrier earned 5.2 billion yuan (771.2 million dol-lars) in the three months ending September 30, compared with 885.3 million yuan in the same period a year earlier.

FBE Aerospace analyst Saj Ahmad nonetheless sounded a cautionary note.

”A recovery does indeed seem under way -- however we are a very long way off from previous profit margins and even further away from sustained profitability.

”With so many mergers in the pipeline, all the hard work could be undone as airlines work for synergies and amalgamation of their businesses -- so it's not over yet.

”There are still significant risks and challenges ahead for almost every player in Europe,” he warned.

Airlines Relish Rebound After Two Lean Years

WASHINGTON (Reuters) – The Group of 20 is beginning to look more like the G19 plus 1 as emerging and rich countries alike accuse the United States of breaking a vow of unity.

This week's G20 summit will require every bit of Presi-dent Barack Obama's diplomacy skills after the Federal Reserve embarked on a new $600 billion bond-buying spree, sparking crit-icism from four continents that the U.S. central bank was ignor-ing the global repercussions.

Officials from Germany, Bra-zil, China and South Africa were among those expressing concern that the Fed's money printing could weaken the dollar, drive

up commodity prices and send uncontrollable waves of investor cash into emerging markets.

If the G20 fails to defuse these global tensions, it may heighten investor concerns that policymak-ers are drifting further apart, leav-ing the world economy vulner-able to another bout of upheaval.

Domestic politics and policies make Obama's job tougher.

He arrives in Seoul for the November 11-12 summit weak-ened by a crushing congressional election defeat for his Demo-cratic Party. His primary task will be to convince his peers the Fed's actions do not run counter to a U.S.-led push for global cooperation to even out economic

imbalances.(For a graphic on G20 econo-

mies, see http://link.reuters.com/tah43q)

South African Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan said the Fed's move ”undermines the spirit of multilateral cooperation that G20 leaders have fought so hard to maintain during the current cri-sis.”

German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble was less diplomatic. He called U.S. policy ”clueless.”

It was less than five months ago that G20 leaders gathered in Toronto, talking in warm and fuzzy terms about ”collective well-being” and ”shared objec-

tives.””G20 members have a respon-

sibility to the community of nations to assure the overall health of the global economy,” the leaders said in their closing statement in June.

”If we act in a coordinated manner, all regions are better off, now and in the future.”

G20 PLUS QE2 = CATCH 22Since that Toronto meeting, the

dollar has dropped 11 percent against a basket of currencies, driving up currencies in Japan, Brazil, the euro zone and else-where. The biggest exception is China, where the tightly managed yuan has gained a relatively mod-est 2 percent versus the dollar

since late June.Obama's response to G20 criti-

cism is expected to be that the world needs a healthy U.S. econ-omy, and the U.S. economy needs healthier exports.

Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke himself said a strong U.S. econ-omy was critical for the global recovery, and his central bank was well aware of the dollar's ”special role” in the global econ-omy and monetary system.

Indeed, G20 members all seem to agree that the world needs a better balance between cash-rich exporters such as China and Germany and heavily indebted

g20 Finds Common ground Opposing u.s.

see g-20 on page 23

Lufthansa reported on Thursday that its net earnings had tripled in the third quarter

The haiTian Times818 November 10-16, 2010

Compiled by Ralph Delly

To send in your request, log on to haitinetradio.com

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survivor of Haiti earthquake Pub-lished his First Book

”Unshaken”, is the title of the book of an American wit-ness Dan Woolley who survived the collapse of the Hotel Montana the day of the earthquake on January 12. For nearly 72 hours, Mr. Woolley has fought against despair and death; he was drinking his urine and cultivating faith, nourishing the certainty of hell out of the huge construc-tion debris. He recounts his experiences in the book ”Out of the ruins of the Hotel Montana” co-written with Jen-nifer Schuchmann. In the book, he reveals the survival techniques used to avoid sinking during the 65 hours that he remained a prisoner under the rubble with five others when he had arrived at the hotel.

sarodj Bertin Designat-ed Woman of the Year

Sarodj Bertin (Miss Haiti 2010) received the award for ”Woman of the Year” during the ”8th Latin Awards 2010” held last Friday at Symphony Space Theatre located on Broadway in Manhattan. The prize was awarded to Sarodj Bertin for her philanthropic work performed around the world on behalf of her fellow Haitians. ”I am very pleased to receive this award on behalf of the entire Haitian commu-nity who struggle every day for a bet-ter future,” said, an emotional Sarodj.

Music school Dessaix-Baptist of Jacmel Received Prize from Michele Obama

The White House in Washington had held an award ceremony at the National Arts and Humanities awards program where youth music school Dessaix Baptist in Jacmel has received special attention of the jury. This award is one of America's most prestigious awards for artistic and cultural programs affecting disadvantaged young people. The event was held last month. First Lady Michele Obama is the president of the award; the committee consists of American institutions such as the National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. In 2010, fifteen programs have been selected across the United States and Haiti. The Director for that price, Traci Slater-Rigaud, visited Haiti on a mission of the Smithsonian and was touched to see the impact of art and music in this country shaken by the earthquake.

An International evangelical Crusade to be Held in Haiti

In many ways, Haiti is a place of contrasts, vacillating from one extreme to another, and Samaritan’s Purse International believes this is because God is at work here. Out of the ashes, the rubble, and in this case, the rain, grace is emerging. The organization and The Biblical League will hold an Evangelical Crusade in Stadium Sylvio Cator on Janu-ary 8, 2011, where Evangelists Billy and Franklin Graham will preach. On their site, the Samaritan’s Purse International posted something of a call-to-arm for evangelical Chris-tians to take action to protect the country. Thousands of people are expected to participate in the crusade. Last year nine people, including six girls and two boys died crushed or asphyxiated and several others were injured in a panic at a Protestant evangelical crusade at Crossroads Sports Center. The wind was blowing and people ran all together towards the exit while the passage was extremely cramped.

Jacmel to Host the 22nd edition of ‘Livres en Liberté’

The twenty second book fair ‘Livres en Liberté’ will be held in Jacmel on Sunday November 14. Under the patronage of Edo Zeny house, well known people from the town such as Evelyne Trouillot, Fresnel Larosil-iere, Claude Pierre, Peter Absalon, Betina Perono are expected to participate in the one-day fair. The fair is being held to make Haitian literature available to the public of Jacmel, Zeny said. The book fair will be held at Florida Hotel, in Jacmel.

Bob Nere Releases «La Peau des Autres»A new generation of political leaders is emerging. Who are they? Where are they?

What challenges do they face? Who is going to block them? Who will support them? What should you expect? This is the theme of the new book by Bob Nere entitled “La Peau des Autres” that tells that a situation is worrying. It concerns the lives of ten mil-lion Haitians far beyond the national territory. This new generation of Haitian political leaders must prevail where all previous generations have failed. And there is good reason to hope. This new generation of political leaders may soon win it without the shoes of others and above all without leaving your skin.

The haiTian Times 19 November 10-16, 2010

JOHANNESBURG – In a rehearsal studio one afternoon in 1986, a white South African musician wrote an international hit — partly in Zulu, the language of the largest ethnic group in the country.

”Asimbonanga,” which means ”we've never seen him,” the song refers to the generation of South Africans who grew up under apartheid and had never even seen a photograph of Nelson Mandela, the country's hope for reconcilia-tion who was imprisoned under South Africa's apartheid regime.

Johnny Clegg, later dubbed the ”white Zulu,” was sure his song's

message would be lost. At the time, his new genre of music, a blend of Western pop and Zulu rhythms, was banned from the radio — as Mandela's photo was banned from newspapers. Clegg's concerts were routinely broken up, and he and other members of his multiracial band had been arrested several times for chal-lenging a South African law meant to keep whites and blacks apart.

”Asimbonanga,” in which the names of Mandela and other prisoners are spoken aloud in defiance of state radio rules of the time, was released in South

Africa in 1986 and abroad a year later. The South African govern-ment immediately banned the video and restricted the song from radio programming, so most South Africans only got to hear it a few years after its release. They embraced it.

For the 57-year-old Clegg, the pinnacle of his career occurred while performing in Frankfurt a few years after Mandela was released and became the coun-try's first black president in 1994. Clegg began to sing ”Asim-bonanga,” which had quickly risen to the top of the charts. In the middle of the song, the

Frankfurt crowd started cheer-ing loudly. Clegg turned around and to his surprise, saw Mandela dancing on the stage.

”I was taken by a wave of such amazing emotions,” Clegg told The Associated Press. ”I wrote that in 1986, knowing it was going to be banned and not know-ing he (Mandela) was ever going to be released because we were in the middle of a civil war. Eleven years later, in a new South Africa, I'm playing the song, and the very man I wrote it for walks on stage and sings it with me.”

Clegg celebrates his 30 years as a musician — with the bands

Juluka and Savuka and later as a solo act — in a concert in Johan-nesburg Saturday. He calls the performance ”a kind of valida-tion that the body of work that I and my band and other co-song-writers put together in that early time under incredible difficulties managed to survive and is being celebrated in the new country.”

Thousands of people streamed into the concert grounds near Johannesburg's botanical gardens early Saturday evening, with the multiracial crowd sitting on pic-nic blankets on the grass.

GREAT BARRINGTON, Mass. – He's the most famous son of this quiet moun-tain hamlet in western Massachusetts. But until recently, people looking for signs of W.E.B. Du Bois' life and legacy in Great Barrington would have had a hard time finding them.

For decades since Du Bois' death in Ghana in 1963, the civil rights activist and scholar has drawn praise for his writ-ings but scorn from residents upset that he joined the Communist Party, became a citizen of Ghana and often criticized the U.S. over race relations.

FBI agents and riot police guarded a park dedication to him more than 40 years ago. Efforts to name a school after him were blocked. Some residents saw him the father figure of black radicalism, and they remained conflicted over his legacy and his relationship with the largely white town he often romanticized in writings.

But now, as Great Barrington readies to celebrate its 250th birthday, supporters say Du Bois is finally getting his due.

His image will be featured in many of the town's birthday events, a portion of the River Walk has been named in his honor, and the University of Massachusetts is embarking on a major restoration project of his boyhood homesite. In each case, the recent Du Bois honors came with no resistance.

Supporters says these new efforts, pushed by a coalition of black and white residents, are signs that the town is finally at peace with Du Bois.

”It's amazing what time will heal,” said Rachel Fletcher, founder of the Great Bar-rington River Walk. ”Many of those people don't even remember why they were even upset.”

In the past five years, a new Du Bois Center has opened next to his wife's burial site, and officials posted signs at the town entrance advertising it as his birthplace. Another visitors center with a gift shop is planned for downtown, and organizers are putting the finishing touches on a self-guided tour.

”He's everywhere in Great Barrington,” said David Levinson, a cultural anthro-

pologist and editor of ”African American Heritage in the Upper Housatonic Valley.” ”I'm kind of comfortable where things are now. The resistance is not there anymore.”

Born in 1868, Du Bois became the first African-American to earn a doctor-ate at Harvard. He was a polarizing figure acclaimed for his commitment to civil rights and racial equality and maligned for joining the Communist Party late in life.

He wrote more than 4,000 articles, essays and books, many of which are now out of print or difficult to find. He also helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and remained an outspoken critic against racial discrimination throughout his life.

Many of Du Bois' writings and ideas continue to influence contemporary policy and thinkers. In the early 1900s, he pos-ited that crime by blacks declined as they gained equality. And he described a ”Talented Tenth” of the African-American population that would rescue the race from its problems.

Shortly after his death, when supporters dedicated a Great Barrington park in his honor, a controversy erupted that drew actors, activists and elected officials from around the country. Federal authorities were called over concerns that the dedi-cation would lead to violence, though it remained peaceful.

Since then, residents conflicted over Du Bois' writings and views resisted almost all Du Bois-related events or projects.

For example, in 2004, Stephen Bannon, chairman of the Berkshire Hills Regional School Committee, helped block efforts to name a school after Du Bois. At the time, Bannon said Du Bois' embrace of radical politics played a role in that decision.

But these days, Bannon said, he believes that those are just ”minor parts” of Du Bois' past and that most residents have no problem honoring him as an important part of the town's history.

”He's part of the community,” Bannon said. ”People accept him as someone who lived here and made major contributions.”

Views of Du Bois in the town have evolved from that of a radical black schol-

ar to someone who wrote about all sorts of social justice issues, Fletcher said. A garden by the River Walk where Du Bois spent his childhood was named after him to honor his call for environmental stew-ardship, Fletcher said.

Randy Weinstein, director of the 5-year-old Du Bois Center at Great Barrington, said most of the residents who fought efforts to honor him have either died or softened their views.

Weinstein said his nonprofit center draws lectures, films and panel discussions on Du Bois with few — if any — complaints.

”In the past, every time Du Bois was on the front page of the Berkshire Eagle, it was because of a controversy,” Weinstein said. ”Now, it's because of some new dedi-cation or honor, and no one bats an eye. We're like, 'Sure. What else is new?' I think that's great.”

Mass. Town Makes Peace With Du Bois, a Native son

see CLegg on page 23

ART&CuLTuRe

White Father of African Rock Marks Anniversary

November 10-16, 2010The haiTian Times20

What makes great mac and cheese in my opinion?

Sauce: The Sauce needs to be well distributed and plentiful. I like my mac and cheese creamy, but not soupy. Sauce should be cheese flavored of course, but add your own touch, per-haps a hint of sage, onion, garlic. Bring something else.

Cheese: The days of simply Ched-dar are over. Have fun with it. All my mac and cheese is made with at least 3 cheeses, sometimes I add other creamy things. French Onion Dip anyone?

Noodles: Bring life to your mac & cheese. Step out of the elbows. Go riga-toni, penne, orecchiette, mini shells, and other fun shapes.

Topping: This is key. The top must be crisp. I like crispy, golden topping for my mac and cheese.

Below is a mac and cheese’s recipe a friend sent me a few months back.

I have tried this one a few times, it is always a hit. Go ahead. Try it. Next time you make macaroni au gratin, try adding 1 or 2 more cheeses to your usual. Your palate will thank you.

For the sauce8 oz. sharp cheddar, shredded

8 oz. Gruyere 8 oz. Neufchatel or cream cheese, cubed 8 oz. smoked Provolone, cubed 4 tbsp. butter 4 tbsp. flour 4 c. milk A dash or three of hot sauce (optional) 16 oz. orecchiette, cooked and drained

For the topping: 1 sleeve Saltines, crumbled (or panko) 3 tbsp. shredded or grated Parmag-giano 2 tbsp. chopped fresh sage

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F.

Till this day no one beats my friend Veronique’s Maca-roni au gratin, her balance of creamy goodness and crispy decadence is to die for. It was my first taste of her mac and cheese in her Worcester, Massachuttes home in 2001 that developed my loved affair with mac and cheese. While the 3 hour drive to Worcester is a bit much, I have trav-elled to the Five Points located at 31 Great Jones Street in Manhattan and to Maggie Browns at 455 Myrtle Avenue in Brooklyn on many occasions in search of that creamy, sinfully delicious texture that is mac and cheese. I love this dish so much that I am always trying to figure out ways to make it that much better, so through my experiments, I have discovered some great combinations.

Melt the butter in a large sauce-pan over medium heat. Add the flour and stir with a whisk, constantly, for about a minute. You want the mixture to be smooth, and you want it to have time to reach a golden-brown color.

Begin adding the milk slowly, con-tinuing to whisk constantly, until all the milk is incorporated. Settle in for a long, constant whisking process. This has to be done slowly or the milk will scald, so don’t try to turn up the heat and rush this part.

In about 15 to 20 mn, the milk should be just below a simmer, steam-ing but not really bubbling, and the mixture should be thickening. That’s when it’s time to add the cheddar, the Swiss cheese and the Neufchatel. Whisk in the cheese until it has all melted and has incorporated into the sauce. Add some salt and freshly-ground pepper to the mix (about 1 1/2

tsp. of salt, and maybe three grinds with a pepper mill), as well as the hot sauce. (A note on the hot sauce: It will not make your mac-and-cheese spicy, but it will add another background fla-vor note. Trust me on this…it’s good.)

Pour the cheese mixture into the pasta and stir to mix it all up. At this point, add the smoked cheese cubes and mix it into the pasta-cheese sauce mixture.

Pour the whole mixture into a greased casserole dish (I use a 9 x 13 stoneware pan for this – this means more surface area for the crunchy goodness on the top).

Mix the Saltines, the Parmaggiano, and the sage in a bowl. Sprinkle the combination evenly over the top of the casserole. Bake for 30 minutes, or until the topping is brown and bubbly.

Mac & Cheese Gone Wild

Cocktail Corner

Blackberry CrushIngredientsServes 1•4 blackberries•1 tablespoon lemon juice•1 tablespoon Simple Syrup•1 1/4 ounces vodka•Seltzer•Ice•Mint sprig

Directions1. In a glass, combine blackberries, lemon juice, and simple syrup;

lightly crush berries to release their juice. Add ice and vodka; top with seltzer. Stir to combine. Garnish with a mint sprig.

strawberry-ginger CaipiroscaIngredientsServes 2•10 fresh strawberries, hulled and quartered•30 fresh mint leaves•1/4 lime, cut into 4 pieces•1 teaspoon freshly grated ginger•2 tablespoons sugar•2 cups cracked ice•1/2 cup vodkaDirections1. Place berries, mint, lime, and ginger in a cocktail shaker. Sprinkle

sugar over top; muddle mixture with a long spoon until almost pureed. Add ice and vodka; shake well. Divide between two glasses; serve.

Nadege Fleurimond is the owner & business manager of Fleurimond Cater-ing, Inc., www.fgcatering.com, an off-premise catering firm serving the NY/NJ/CT/MA areas. She is also the author of a Taste of Life: A Culinary Memoir, a humorous and heart warming compilation of recipes and funny anecdotes. (http://www.nadegefleurimond.com) For questions and comments you may write her at nadege1981@gmail.com.

The haiTian Times 21 November 10-16, 2010

Overseeing advertising sales for our websites, training newspaper print sales team, cold calling, prospecting, qualifying, presenting, relationship building. Knowledgeable online marketing concepts. Richner Communications, Inc. publishes 27 communitynewspapers and shoppers. Compensation package includes salary, commission, bonus plan, health plan, 401K, more. Send resume w/ salary requirements to careers.richner@gmail.com

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SUPREME COURT – COUNTY OF KINGS DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY, AS TRUSTEE AND CUSTODIAN FOR MORGAN STANLEY ABS CAPITAL INC, MSAC 2007-HE3, Plaintiff againstWENDY GILMORE; CHARLES GILMORE, et al Defendant(s). Pursuant to a Judgment of Foreclosure and Sale entered on September 15, 2010. I, the undersigned Referee will sell at public auction in Room 274 of the Kings County Courthouse, 360 Adams Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. on the 4th day of November, 2010 at 3:00 p.m. Said premises known as 591 Lafayette Avenue, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11216. Tax account number: SBL #: 1784-89. Approximate amount of lien $ 688,674.21 plus interest and costs. Premises will be sold subject to provisions of filed judgment and terms of sale. Index No. 25958-07. Elena Makau, Esq., Referee. Fein Such & Crane, LLP Attorney(s) for Plaintiff1800 First Federal PlazaRochester, N.Y. 14614

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The haiTian Times822 November 10-16, 2010

N o v . 2 2 - D e c . 2 1

Today is going to be a great day for you, Sagittarius. You aren't one to embrace rules, constraints, or restrictions of any kind, preferring instead to reside in a fantasy world where no limita-tions apply. Have you considered that it's possible for you to join the rest of us here on earth and still retain your liberty and ideals?

SagittariusIf you're waiting

for someone to come and fill all of your needs, emotional ones in particular, you may have to wait a very long time! You're respon-sible for fulfilling your own needs, Aquarius. If you don't, you will be eternally dependent. This would be unlike Aquarius, and certainly unlike you!

J a n . 2 0 - F e b . 1 8

Aquarius M a y 2 1 - J u n e 2 0

GeminiDon't spend beyond

your means today, Aries! If you happen to be in a crowd of enthusiastic shoppers, it could be disastrous for your finances if you get caught up in the frenzy. On the other hand, perhaps you owe yourself a reward for all your hard work. Is there a gift you could give yourself that doesn't involve money? Time, perhaps?

M a r c h 2 0 - A p r i l 1 8

AriesThe mood may be

oppressive today, Gemini. After meeting the challenges of the past several days, you're now in need of some well-deserved peace and quiet! Alas, the authorities are unwilling to give it to you. You can expect to be unceremoniously deposited at your desk. Work, it seems, won't wait until you've had a nap. Why not plan an exotic vacation?

People will listen to you much more than usual, Libra. Sometimes when you say some-thing, people hear you but minutes later forget what you said. Today is different. Your words will penetrate more deeply and end up being dis-seminated much more widely than ever before. Don't be stingy with what you have to say. Give people your full opinion on the situation. Your impact will be significant.

S e p t . 2 3 - O c t . 2 2

Libra

J u n e 2 1 - J u l y 2 2

This isn't a day for sensitive people like you, Cancer. In fact, the one who shouts the loudest and bangs on the table the hardest is likely to come out the winner today. The air of violence will also have an effect on you. You will be somewhat upset, very thin-skinned, and much more vulner-able than usual. It would be wise to try to stay away from commotion if you can.

CancerIf you have children,

their difficulties may remind you of your own, Pisces. Or it may simply be that their education brings back memories of yours. Are you hold-ing onto an issue from a period in your life that still bothers you? This would be a good moment to ask yourself the question. Ask it, then answer it and put it to rest once and for all!

F e b . 2 0 - M a r c h 1 9

Pisces O c t . 2 1 - N o v 2 0

ScorpioMinor tensions

could arise today, Taurus. People close to you, perhaps your mate or parents, seem to be trying to force you to adopt a behavior that you aren't at all willing to follow. Will you negotiate your independence gently or tear yourself free from their domination? The second pos-sibility seems more likely.

A p r i l 1 9 - M a y 2 0

TaurusIt's important that

you abandon the myth that you don't have any gifts or talents, Capricorn. Consider thinking about your talents in the same way you think about your body. When you exercise, eat right, and get plenty of rest, your body responds. Your talents are no different. They need care and nurturing, too.

D e c . 2 2 - J a n 1 9

CapricornIt may be that

you've been a bit too stubborn lately. You've been doing whatever you want, giving no consideration to financial constraints. Now it's urgent that you take care of any unresolved monetary issues. You definitely have some lessons to learn in the area of fiscal respon-sibility, Libra! Do what you can to raise your awareness.

This day isn't likely to be the highlight of your week, Virgo. You may be aware of con-straints at work or home. You're quite likely to hanker for an appro-priate reward for your labor. Any type of recognition would be nice at this point. This is a good day to define new personal and profes-sional goals. They'll sustain you through your unending chores.

A u g . 2 3 - S e p t . 2 2

Virgo

J u l y 2 3 - A u g . 2 2

LeoSome differences

of opinion concerning your love life are likely to come up today, Leo. For example, you may find your beloved taking more liberties than you allow yourself. Take your irritation as a sign that this par-ticular relationship could use some freshening up. The day ahead may bring you just what you seek.

A month goes by and you’ve lost one pound. ONE pound?!! All that work for ONE POUND?!! What gives? You did everything you were supposed to do. You should have lost more than one measly pound. Working out = losing weight....right?

Well, it’s actually not that simple. And a lot of people make this mistake. Working out is an excellent start on the road to weight loss. But it’s just that: a START. People don’t really think about what they’re not doing when they’re not working out. One thing people don’t realize is how their body reacts to work-ing out especially if the body is not used to it.

Your body needs fuel to do all that working out. Your intention is for your body to use the stored up fat to fuel its workout so that you lose weight, but your body has other plans. Think of it like your bank accounts. You have check-ing and savings. You’re not going to take money out of your savings account if you have money in your checking account or know you have money com-ing into your checking account.

Your body fat is your body’s sav-ings account and the food you eat is the checking account. So now you’ve started working out the checking account is running low. So what does your body do? It calls in reinforcements: the crav-

ings. And I’m not talking about crazy pickles and ice cream cravings that you can recognize and ignore. I’m talking the cute little baby cravings that you can’t help but give in to.

They could range anywhere from an extra sugar cube in your coffee or tea to getting a second helping of fried chicken for dinner. The problem is that you don’t even realize it’s happening because it’s so subtle. You rationalize it by thinking that you can afford to eat a little extra because you worked out today or yesterday or three days ago. But is maintaining your weight or losing weight the point of your workout? The way you eat will determine which will actually happen.

I say all this to say that you must watch what you eat, especially when you’re working out. Working out is only going to be effective if you keep your caloric intake the same, or better yet, lower. If you workout more and eat more, nothing will happen.

So no more “I can have a cookie because I worked out today”. The cookie will only make you happy for a minute; maybe two if you’re a slow eater. But having that beach body will make you happy for so much longer. Back away from the cookie...slowly. It’s not worth it.

Until next time, cheers to a better you.For questions, ideas, comments or

concerns feel free to email Onyi at onyi@okeeki.com.

HeALTH&BeAuTY

Working Out in VainSo the summer came and went without you getting your beach

body. Or maybe you’re about to meet your potential in-laws during the holidays. Perhaps you’re going on an island vaca-tion for the holidays. Or maybe it’s just time for you to get your bum into the gym and stop procrastinating.

But whatever the reason, you’re in the gym. Maybe every-day. Maybe three times a week. You’re running or walking for 45 minutes. You’re lifting weights. You’re doing Zumba! or Jazzercise classes. You’re on the bike for 30 minutes. You’re playing soccer or basketball. You are in the zone.

C h e c k U s O u t !

The New HaitianTimes.com

AITIAN TIMEH SBRIDGING THE GAP

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The Haitian Times website has more features and

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November 10-16, 2010 The haiTian Times 23

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Prior to 2008, the AAP recommended children and infants older than two months receive 200 IU's of vitamin D per day - half of the current recommendation, but still, an amount that required supplements for breastfed babies. Under the old rec-ommendation, cases of rickets were still showing up, and studies had found that many children are not getting enough vita-min D. So the AAP decided to double its recommendations.

”If you can pick up a kid who doesn't have signs of rickets yet, but has low vita-min D, then you say 'okay, that's the child I need to treat because I don't want them to develop rickets,'” Lee said.

Less is known about what might happen to children who are not getting the recom-mended amount of vitamin D, but who don't yet show symptoms of a deficiency. One consequence might be an increased risk for osteoporosis later in life, said Dr. Jatinder Bhatia, the chair of the AAP Com-mittee on Nutrition and a pediatrician at the Medical College of Georgia. He noted that infancy is one period in life when the body has an intense need for the materials to build bone.

Why aren't women supplementing?It may be that some breastfeeding moth-

ers, like Mann, aren't giving supplements to their children because their pediatricians aren't recommending it.

A study published in the January issue of Pediatrics found, of pediatricians who responded to a survey between 2006 and 2008, just 36.4 percent recommended vita-min D supplements to breastfed infants in accordance with the AAP's recommendation.

In some instances, pediatricians might be hesitant to recommend supplements because they don't want to do anything that would deter mothers from breastfeeding.

”We really want parents to breastfeed, and if we're saying the breast milk really isn't complete, that you need something extra, then that might be an inhibition to breastfeeding,” said Dr. Kenneth Feldman, a pediatrician at Seattle Children's Hospi-tal, who conducted the Pediatrics study. ”So those folks who place a greater impor-tance on having the breastfeeding itself...might elect not to do anything that would dissuade families from breastfeeding.”

However, some breastfeeding mothers see this concern as unwarranted.

”In my experience, mothers who breast-feed know that it is better for their chil-dren, which is why they do it. I don't think needing to add a supplement would change that, as it is still best for baby,” Mann said. In her experience, women usually stop breastfeeding due to physiological prob-lems with the process, such as not produc-ing enough milk, and issues with going

back to work. ”Might a mom use the vitamin D issue

as a reason for stopping? I doubt it, and only if she were already considering it anyway,” she said.

Feldman said he suspects that if he and his colleagues conducted the study again today, they would find a higher percent-age of pediatricians recommending the supplements, because of growing aware-ness about the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children. But he said there is still skepticism about what the optimal levels really are, which may lead some pediatricians to think that low vitamin D levels aren't a problem for their patients.

It may also take a while for the pediatric community to catch up with the AAP's recommendations.

”Not all the pediatricians, that I'm aware of, are prescribing this routinely,” AAP's Bhatia said. ”So that is a gap between the recommendations of the academy and the practicing physicians that needs to be closed,” he said.

What about formula-fed babies? Some women chose not to breastfeed,

sometimes due to time constraints imposed by their jobs, or issues with having other children to take care of. And sometimes babies can refuse breastfeeding. In some of these cases, babies are given formula.

Formula is fortified with vitamin D, and historically, formula-fed babies have not been thought to need supplements. But to meet the new AAP recommendations, babies would have to drink about a liter of formula per day, said Cria Perrine, an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Perrine recently conducted a study looking at the number of infants who meet AAP's new requirement. While most infants were consuming enough formula to meet the old requirements (200 IU per day), only about one-third drank enough to meet the new requirements, she said.

”We can no longer assume that formula is enough to cover the vitamin D require-ments for infants consuming formula,” she said. The amount of formula an infant consumes will also vary depending on how old they are and how much solid food they are eating.

As of now, the AAP has not specifi-cally recommended formula-fed infants be given supplements.

What can be done? Besides public health campaigns, one

source of change can come from pediatri-cians themselves, according to Feldman.

”One of the biggest factors in getting families to actually give their infants vita-min D was the pediatrician's recommenda-tion,” he said, referring to a finding in his study. ”If we really want breastfed infants to be on supplements, then the pediatri-cians should be stepping in.”

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consumer countries like the United States. The difference lies in how best to accom-plish that.

For emerging markets fearful that the Fed's flood of cash will swamp their econ-omies, the United States does not seem to be keeping up its end of the ”shared objec-tives” bargain.

That makes it harder for Washington to push for policy changes elsewhere, par-ticular in Beijing, which insists the yuan is not the primary culprit behind big global trade gaps. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner's proposal to set numerical tar-gets limiting current account imbalances was roundly rejected at a G20 finance ministers meeting last month.

The Obama administration was the driv-ing force behind a proposal adopted by the G20 in Pittsburgh last year to promote

more balanced global growth. That framework may be the best bet for

G20 consensus at this week's Seoul sum-mit.

Unlike Geithner's numerical targets, the framework for balanced growth calls for mutual assessments to ensure domestic policies don't disrupt global growth.

G20 countries submitted their medi-um-term economic plans for International Monetary Fund review last month. Lead-ers may agree to keep this process going beyond Seoul, keeping the IMF as arbiter.

The Fund told the G20 nations in June that if they adopt mutually supportive poli-cies, they could raise global output by $4 trillion and create 52 million jobs in the medium term.

Unless leaders can put on a convincing show of cooperation in Seoul this week, those loftier economic goals may remain well out of reach.

g-20continued from 17

Concertgoer Jeremy Stewart, 32, said he remembers his parents taking him and his sister to hear Clegg at the Market Theatre, then the home of anti-apartheid protest theater in Johannesburg, in 1985.

”He's added another dimension to bring-ing people together and breaking down boundaries between races,” he said.

Kaizer Moyane, 38, of Johannesburg, said of Clegg: ”I think his music speaks to everyone in the country. He's a hero.”

Sipho Mchunu, Clegg's musical partner from the days of their legenday Juluka band, will join him Saturday. Juluka ended in 1985, when Mchunu returned to his Zulu homeland in eastern South Africa to take up cattle farming.

Under the South Africa's racially segre-gated regime, Clegg's multiracial band per-formed in small spaces such as churches, university halls and private homes because laws prohibited blacks from performing in white areas and whites from performing in black areas.

”If you were a mixed band like we were trying to be, you were in trouble immedi-ately,” Clegg said.

Radio disc jockeys were banned from playing Clegg's music, but the live per-formances spread like wildfire. The band, which mixed traditional Zulu high kicks and warrior dress as well as musical ele-ments with Western styles, began to per-form unannounced in the townships so that authorities wouldn't have time to ban shows.

Outside of South Africa, the music became an instant hit, and the band toured

extensively through North America and Europe during the height of racial tensions in South Africa.

Clegg's African rock stemmed from his childhood when he noticed how a street musician had ”Africanized” a guitar, a European instrument: He was immediately hooked. As a student he began to experi-ment with the cross of English words and Zulu rhythms.

”Everybody thought it was absolutely ridiculous in the beginning, apart from migrants and students who thought it was really weird, but because it was weird it was cool,” he said.

Clegg was born in England and lived in Israel, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Zambia during his childhood, attending six primary schools in five years. He called himself a loner.

”I felt like a migrant,” he said. ”So when I met migrant workers — Zulu migrant workers — there was something about them that I intuitively connected with because they were also establishing these tenuous connections with different places.”

Clegg spent years in Zulu communities, learning the culture, dance and language.

”Nobody moves like me because I'm coded and wired with that tradition, and that was something which a lot of people found quite fascinating,” he said.

In his life and career, he has answered a question he poses in the lyrics to Asim-bonanga: ”Who has the words to close the distance between you and me?”

”I discovered that through music, I could connect very deeply and profoundly in a continuous way,” Clegg said. ”And that for me was kind of a salvation.”

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