thong so ap luc duc

7/31/2019 thong so ap luc duc

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L{ thuyt c- cng thc tnh cc thng s c v { ngha theo l{ thuyt v cht kinh nghim t i ca ngi vit.

CCH TNH

Thng thng, khi c bn v ca mt sn phm cn thit k khun y v kin thc v thit k khun l khng, nn ch cp v cc t

I. Mt s thng s c bn tnh ton iu kin1. Khi lng c: l tng khi lng bao gm: khi lng sn ph2. Khi lng in y: l phn khi lng sau khi b phn runner v3. Din tch mt ct phn gate: Sg= b rng gate x b dy gateDin tch ny c cho l cng ln cng tt. Din tch ny cng ln th4. T l din tch gate: l thng s t l bng : din tch mt ct sleev

5. Din tch mt ct over flow: Sof= b rng over flow x b dy over6. Din tch c (din tch u nh) - casting area : l din tch ca t7. Qung ng y khng- dry shot street: l qung ng t v tr8. Qung ng tc cao- high speed street- : l mt thL qung ng m piston y di chuyn t lc bt u tng tc (t tT thng s ny ta s tnh c v tr bt u thay i vn tc ( t tcTheo l{ thuyt c c in th v tr ny nn sm hoc ti gate, tuy nhi

9. Biu PQ2: l biu gm 2 ng biu th, mt ng biu thTheo kin thc v thy lc hc cho thy i vi my c, p sut P vV vy 2 ng c tnh ny s giao nhau tai mt im, ly chun i10. Phn bit ng knh xylanh p v ng knh xylanh tng p:

Phn tch qu trnh c: ban u xy lanh p s y v to ra p lc tp lc tng p l p lc c truyn mt cch nhanh chng nh bnh

II. Mt s thng s, ngha v cch tnh iu ki

Trc ht cn nm c qu trnh c p lc. M t qu trnh c p lc v cc ph phm cMt cht kinh nghim v cc nguyn nhn gy ra ph phm theo qu trnh c (cold cham

y m t s lc qu trnh c thng thng (c tng p- press up cast) c th hinh1. Rt dung dch nhm nng chy vo sleeve 2. Piston y ti vi t3. Piston y vi tc thp n v tr thay i vn tc. 4. Piston y vi tc 5. piston khng di chuyn nhng p vo sn phm mt p lc rt ln n khi to thnh sn p

6.khun m ra, piston y thm mt khon na y sn phm ra. Qu trnh c kt thc.Sau y l cch tnh cc thng s c lin quan n qu trnh c:

khi ldin tch mt ct sleeve(S) x qung

c p lc l qu trnh s dung p lc a dng vt liu vo khu

1. BNG TNH TC TH

1. Ba

sleeve filled ratio=Cng thc tnh:


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ratio (%) m(g) ng knh Chip- d(mm) d(cm) S(cm2)

41.12244 1490 70 7 38.465

Cng thc tnh:

ratio (%) m(g) ng knh Chip- d(mm) d(cm) low speed (41.12244 1490 70 7 0.142419

nh ngha: thi gian in y l thi gian bt u gia tng vn tc cho n khi vt liu in

Thi gian in y c tnh theo cng thc sau:Hoc da theo kinh nghim thc tin ca k thut Germany nh bng sau:

b dy sn phm t- theo kinh nghim t- cng thc1.5 0.01-0.03 0.023

1.8 0.02-0.04 0.032

2 0.02-0.06 0.040

2.3 0.03-0.07 0.053

2.5 0.04-0.09 0.063

3 0.05-0.1 0.090

3.8 0.05-0.12 0.144

5 0.06-0.2 0.250

6.4 0.08-0.3 0.410

30 9.000

tnh tc cao cn da vo qung ng tc cao lhy l cng thc tnh thu gn ca lh:

lh= khi lng in y /(din tch mt ct sleeve x t trng vt liu)

theo bng tnh sau:im cn ch { y l khi lng in y l khi lng ca ton sn phm b3.Bng tnh qung ng tc cao -

lh khi lng d(cm) d tch- S trng(g/cm3)

10.49906 1050 7 38.465 2.6

Tc cao c tnh theo cng thc sau:

tc cao = qung ng tc cao/thi gian in y vt liu

4. Bng tnh tc cao

low speed = 0.7 x sqrt(ng knh piston)/h s in y sle

THI GIAN iN Y - FILLED TIME -

t= 0.01 x b dy sn phm2

2. Bang


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lh t-min (Germany) v-min t-max v-max t-cng th10.49906 9.000

5. V tr thay i vn tc c tnh theo cng thc sau:V tr thay i vn tc - v tr hon thnh in y (

(V tr hon thnh in y= qung ng y khng - chiu dy biscute)V tr ny v cc thng s lin quan, cng nh gii thch cc v tr c trnh by c6. Cng thc tnh p lc trong bnh tch p- PACC

din tch mt ct sleeve x p lc cdin tch mt ct xy lanh tng p x 0.9

Da vo thng s ca my (theo bn manual) bit c ng knh ca xylanh t

7. Thi gian tng p:Thi gian tng p, nu da vo s ng c ca sn phm th thi gian tng p p

8. p lc bn ban u- - shot pressureL p lc to ra bng piston y, p lc ny c to bi xung lc ca tc cao.

p lc bn = p lc c x din tch c

Nu p lc bn > Lc ng khun th bari s pht sinh. V vy da vo iu ny t

lc ng khun ln nhtdin tch c

V d nh: vi hng INT #1 din tch c l khon 500cm2 khi c tr

p lc ti a = 100 x 350/500 = 70MPa

III- iu chnh thng s c v cht lng sn p

Di y l mt bng thng s c in hnh ca hng Toshiba Die Castle Machine :7 8

PACC=

p lc c cho php =


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Point 1 6

1 6 7 8 9

V tr - position 60 258 268 310 340Tc - speed 0.1 0.25 2.8 2.8 2

Trn y l bn thit lp iu kin c tiu biu, cht lng ca sn phm c ph thuc nhiSau y l gii thch { ngha cc thng s trn theo tng v tr:Trc ht cn xc nh u l v tr bt u, tc v tr c ta bng 0.V tr bt u l v tr khi piston rt v ht hnh trnh, hay l v tr ban u ca qu trnh c.

V tr 1: L v tr sau khi go ladle vt liu vo piston y vi vn tc tht chm - 0.1 m/V tr 6: y gi l im thay i vn tc. im ny l mt im rt quan trng trong k th

Theo l{ thuyt c c in th im ny nm ti gate l tt nht, nhng hin ti Cng thc tnh nh trnh by trn.

Theo bng trn ta thy c:Qung ng tc cao = 345- 263 = 82 mm

ngha ca im 6: im ny cng tr (gi tr cng ln) th phn trn sn phm c

Vn tc ny c cho l cng ln th phn di sn phm cng tt, v ngc li.Cng thc tnh nh phn trn trnh by.Gi tr vn tc thp phi m bo sao cho t l in y khun vo khon 20-50%.

V tr v tc ca im thay i vn tc quyt

V tr 7: im ny gi l v tr vn tc cao.im ny c cho l cng gn im 6 th xc sut cho sn phm tt cng cao. TuNgi iu chnh cn thc hin nhiu th nghim v t rt ra cho mnh u l v tTc ca v tr 7, hay cng l tc cao. Tc ny c tnh theo cng thc

V tr 8: c gi l v tr bt u gim tc.

V tr ca im ny c cho l nh hng ln n chnh xc ca sn phm v

V tr 9: L v tr c chn vo gim tc, nhm ngn nga bari pht sinh.

Da vo { ngha ca cc im ny, phi hp vi iu chnh nhit khun bng robot v hTrn bng iu chnh cn c 2 thng s quan trng khc hay c iu chnh l:Thi gian tng p: (press up time- ): L thi gian thc hin s thay i p sut t pvi vic chng nhn, t,... tt hn. Ch { l nu qu ngn s lm cho my p ng khng

Vn tc thp cng rt quan trng, vn tc ny nu ln qu s to ra sng dung dphm


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Qung ng tng ap ( pressup street - ): l qung ng m p lc tng t p lcQung ng tng p c gi tr cng ln th p lc cng c to ra.

IV- TM HiU V MT S KHUYT TT C

Khuyt tt ca qu trnh c c khi qut v nhng nguyn nhn chnh nh sau:

1. Nguyn nhn do khun: Cch thit k khun, b dy ca sn phm, nhit khun.2. Nguyn nhn do iu kin c.3. Do kh (trong lng khun, kh trong ng xylanh(sleeve), kh do cht bi trn chip (piston), k4. Do thnh phn cu to ca phi c (ingot)Nm c 4 nguyn nhn c bn ny, phn tch tm hiu nguyn nhn v i sch cho ph

Mt cht kinh nghim v cc nguyn nhn gy ra ph phm theo qu trnh c (cold cham

1. u tin l qu trnh rt kim loi vo sleeve, thi gian go rt t lc ra khi l dung dch Cn iu chnh thi gian v vn tc ca go mc cho ph hp.2. Go rt vo, sau l piston s y ti vi tc cc thp dung dch khng bn ra ngo Thc hin nhiu th nghim t c. Theo kinh nghim th tc cc thp l3. Tip theo l piston s y dng dung dch ti vi tc thp. Tc ny c trnh b

4. Tip theo l piston y vi vn tc cao. Vn tc cao c trnh by nh phn trn. Sau lVn pht sinh vi tc cao l, bav c s bay ra nu tc cao l qu cao, ngc li nVn pht sinh lin quan n y sn phm ra l nu chip y ( u piston y) c b mt

Ngoi ra, nu hnh trnh chip y ra l ngn qu th sn phm cng s b gy gate.

5. Qu trinh ht chn khng:

Thng thng t c sn phm c cn s dng bm chn khng ht ht kh trong

Lin quan n thit b chn khng: t l ht chn khng nhm, tp cht b ht vo nhiu s gphm khng in y n l ht chn khng.Tin hnh v sinh ng ng ht chn khng theo nh kz.

Cng phn ny nu tc thp l cao qu th t l in y sleeve qu cao, dng dung dchc gi l kh cun sng.

Cn iu chnh tc thp cho ph hp, nu thy sn phm b nhn hay b t thqu trnh chy.

dung dch s b ng c nhiu v lp ng c ny s ha vo trong dung dch gy ra cc hiqu nhiu.

Thi im bt u to chn khng, l mt im rt quan trng. Nu to chn khng qu smc, phn ng c ny sau s ha trn vo phn dung dch khc to nn hin tng nqu mun th khng c hiu qu.Thng thng nn dng biu hin th hnh sng ca my c ( biu th hin cc thngthc hin nhiu th nghim t c gi tr thch hp nht.

Mt ngi k s khi tnh ton iu kin c chng trnh, thng bt u t vic tnh ton ctnh c cc lo


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6. Qu trnh lm lnh cc b bng my lm lnh chuyn dng trong khi to thnh sn phm;

Thi im bt u lm lnh cng l mt im quan trng. Thng thng l bt u trc ho

cn iu chnh thi gian ny tr hn mt cht.

7. Tip theo l qu trnh gp sn phm ra, v lm ngui khun.

Thm mt yu t khc cn xt ti l s cn bng nhit trong qu trnh lm lnh, nu

V nh vy khun s khng sinh ra ng sut nhit, do s lm cho tui th khun c koSau giai on lm ngui bng nc (c pha cht tch khun) l giai on thi sch nc bnC gng khng kh b qu m ( nc trn vo) v iu ny rt nguy him, n l nguyn nhTip theo l phun cht tch khun dng du vo. Cht tch khun ny c mt c tnh l ch

8. Song song vi qu trnh lm ngui khun l qu trnh lm sch sleeve v bi trn chip (uCn ch { l phi lm sach sleeve bng kh, khng st li kim loi hay tp cht.Sau l bi trn chip bng du chuyn dng, du ny gip chip chuyn ng trn tru trongNu lng du ny l qu t, sn phm s d b gy phn gate, iu ny c th nhn thy kNu lng du qu nhiu, du s b chy v to thnh kh ha vo trong sn phm.V vy nu c nn hn ch dng du ny cng t cng tt.

Mt s ph phm in hnh v gii php:

i vi nhng ai cha tri nghim v c p lc nhiu, xin chia s mt cht kinh nghim v1. Nhn: Nhn c nhiu dng khc nhau. Sau y l 2 dng nhn c bn hay thy:

a - Nhn c dng hnh con rn b (thu nh): Nguyn nhn chnh l do cht tch kGii php: S dng air blow thi sch cht tch khun. Trong kh nng cho p

Gii php: Lm m khun, tng nhit dng dung dch.

Nh vy v c bn: khi sn phm b nhn b phn no chuyn u tin cnK n xem phn b nhn c b r nc, ng nc, hay cht tch khun hay kh

b- Nhn c hnh dng nhng m trn b bong ln: Nguyn nhn chnh l do dca sn phm, ty v

Thng thng trong qu trnh c, ty theo hnh dng sn phm, ngi thit k khun s thixc,Vn pht sinh khi lm lnh khun hay nakago (movable core) qu , lm khun lnh

Trong 2 sheet k tip, ph phm 1 va 2 l bn dch cho ph phm v i sch. Bng ny dnhkinh nghim. Ring ngi vit hc c rt nhiu t bi vit ny.

Bc tip theo l kim tra iu kin c c ph hp cha? p lc c c cao thp c ph hp cha?

Qu trnh lm ngui khun l mt qu trnh rt quan trng, n tc ng n tnh cht ca s

SKH 51), hay Pin, koma ca khun c thm (coating) th nn khun nhit khon 2( porosity) nhn, khuyt, ...Tuy nhin kh nng sn phm b chy tng ln. V vy theo ki

2000C th ph hp. Ngoi ra nhng ni sn phm b chy, nt, lm,... nn iu chnh nhit

cao thi khun cng mau hng, iu l ngc li, v khi c nhit khun rt cao, sau khun s gim xung. V vy nhit khun cng cao th khun cng bn v co gin nhit l

(Theo kinh nghim ca ngi vit nhit khun nn trn 1500C).Ty vo loi du tch khuV vy ch nn phun dng sng, v s dng cng t cng tt.(nu sn phm khng b chy t


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2. Lm nh: Nhn qua d cho l nhn, nhng thc khng phi l nhn m l do phn b lmGii php l: lm cho nhit khun vng lm h thp xung.

Gii php: Gim nhit khun ngay vng b phng, hoc b tr li v tr cp liu ca khun, h

3. Bong Trc (

Gii php: Ci tin khun, lm cho din tch mt ct ca khun ln ln. Tip theo l lm m k( gim tc thp xung, s dng my ht chn khng cho thch hp,).

4. Da c b sn si:

y l hin tng da c c nhiu im nh ln lm xung. Nguyn nhn l cht tch khun

Kh c to ra ny b nn li v to thnh im lm xung trn mt da c.

Gii php: Lm sch khun, dng kh thi sch phn khun d b li lm, gim lng cht tc

5. Hai dng chng ln nhau

L hin tng dng dung dch ng c khng ng u, to nn s phn lp ng c v Nguyn nhn chnh l do lng cp liu khng ph hp, thi gian v p lc tng p khng phNguyn nhn k tip ging nh nguyn nhn ca hin tng bong trc.

Gii php: chnh lng cp liu cho ph hp.Tip n l gii php ging nh hin tng bong trc.

6. Nt:L hin tng trong qu trnh ng c ca vt c pht sinh ra ng sut nhit, ng sut ny

Gii php:

Tng thi gian c.

7. T (porosity- L hin tng cc bt kh ha vo dng vt liu to nn cc l dng trn nh bn trong sn pNguyn nhn chnh l do qu trnh ng c khng ng u, trong qu trnh ng c dung

Gii php: Ci thin dng chy ca dung dch kim loi, s dng cc phng php lm lnh.Kim tra v iu chnh lng cht bi trn chip, cht tch khun, nhit khun.

Tng kt:Qu trnh c p lc din ra nhanh v ph thuc vo nhiu yu t. V vy nm bt c vTrn y l mt cht chia s, tuy nhin ngi vit ngh s kh kh hiu cho nhng ai cha c

y l hin tng di lp da mng ca vt c hnh thnh mt tng kh mng, nguyn nhtng, hoc do trong vt liu b trn kh vo dung dch cng vi cu to ca khun to nn tn

3. Phng: Nguyn nhn l do s gia nhit khun, do dng chy dung dich kim loai khng ttkim loi gn b mt sn phm qu mng, lng kh gin ra to thnh phng.

t h thng lm lnh vo phn c tht c nhiu, hay xt nhiu nc vo vng khun c nh v di ng.)


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Theo quan im ca ngi vit mun nm bt c k thut c khng c g hn l mt l{ tTuy nhin nu c ngi khc chia s kinh nghim th l iu tt, v s c thm c cchNgi vit hy vng cc bn c th tham kho mt cht g t bi vit ny.

Hin ti khoa hoc k thut ca Vit Nam l rt thp, chng ta ch bit lp rp vi trnh ths dng my thnh tho. Chng ta ang b xem thng v chng ta yu km tht s. Khng t

ln nhau v cng nhau tin b nhanh nht, ch c vy chng ta mi thu ngn khon cch vi


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CC iU KiN C CHO MT SN PHM

c sau l bc chn my c.ng s tnh ton chn my c v a ra iu kin c ban u (iu kin th).

c:+ khi lng biscute + khi lng runner + khi lng over flow

biscute ,hay l khi lng ca sn phm + khi lng over flow.

vn tc in y cng cao cht lng sn phm c nng ln./ din tch mt ct gate.

low.n phn c c khi chiu vo mt phng m sn phm c ln.(din tch ci bng ca ton sn ph0 (xut pht) ca piston c n chm phn chia dng ( - spreader) bn phn khun di ng.ng s rt quang trng trong k thut c.

c thp n tc cao), n v tr gim tc (t tc cao v 0). thp sang tc cao) l ti im no so vi gate sn phm. V tr thay i vn tc ny l mt thng s

in vi s tn tin ca my c hin i v tr ny c cho l sau gate th tt. (Trc hay sau l { ch dng

cho c tnh ca my, mt ng biu th cho c tnh ca khun. Da vo biu ny chn my clu lng dng kim loi lng s t l nghch v ngc li vi khun c th lu lng cng cao s to p s

m s tnh c vn tc, p sut, ... ti a cho php.phn bit c cn nm c cu to ca my c, c cu to ra p lc c.

vn tc thp n vn tc cao, sau th dng li. Tip l xylanh tng p s p vo truyn p lc tng tch p ( accumulator), v vy p lc c v p lc ACC (p lc trong bnh tng p) c lin quan.

n c:

th c ghi phner):

dung cc thng s cn tnh ton qua cc bc sau: cc thp dung dch kim loi khng bay ra ngoi.cao n v tr in y (nhm in y khun)

hm gi l qu trnh tng p.( cc thng s nh: p tng,thi gian tng p,... l thuc qu trnh ny).

ng vt c (m)ng y khng ca piston( dry shot street) x t trng ca vt liu

c nhit rt thp so vi nhit ng c ca kim loi tc ng c v hnh thnh sn ph

P DA VO KHI LNG C, V THNG S MY

ng tinh : t l in y sleeve


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dry shot street t trng vt liu(g/cm3)36.23 2.6

m/s)

y khun.

v tr thay i vn tc tr (hn ti gate)

v tr thay i vn tc sm (hn ti gate)

m t sn phm v v tr thay i v

i phn gate v biscute.

ve

VN TC C CAO- HIGH SPEED -

kt lun: da vo bng tnh ny cvi khi lng c thch hp s

l in y thch hp

tinh : tc thp ( low speed)kt lun: da vo bng tnh ny c

tc thp tnh ton cho INT#1thc t l chnh lch kh xa. V

thc ch mang { ngha tham


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v-cng thc1.166562

filled position) - qung ng tc cao

th trong sheet vi tri thay doi van toc

ng p

i bng thi gian in y.

. m thanh "ng" pht ra trong qu trnh c c to ra do p lc ny.

nh c p lc c ln nht cho php:

my 350ton ta s tnh c p lc c ln nht l:

m

qung ntc cao(m


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9 Thi gian tng p

im in y- filled pition

3451.5

M phng v tr thay i vn tc ti gate ca s

u nht vo khun c, sau l nhng thng s trn v chng trnh cho spray robot

s vt liu khng bay ra ngoi thng qua ming ng.ut c. im ny nh hng n tnh cht sn phm rt nhiu.im ny tr hn ( nm bn trn gate) th tt hn.

ng tt, v phn di sn phm cng xu i. V ngc li.

. Theo kinh nghim ca ngi vit, nn chn vn tc thp t l in y sleeve nm vo khon 45-50%.

nh rt nhiu vo iu kin c ca sn phm.

y nhin nu qu gn th n nh ca sn phm khng c.r tt nht. nu phn trn. Tuy nhin l{ thuyt c v thc tin rt xa nhau, v vy cn chn gi tr theo thc nghi

ngn nga lng bari ra khi khun.

hng lm lnh jet cool, iu chnh my ht chn khng quyt nh n tnh cht ca sn phm rt nhiu.

sut bn sang p sut tng ( nn v to hnh sn phm), thi gian ny cng ngn s to ra xung lc c v khun v my mau h. Khuyn khch set gi tr t 25ms tr ln.

h v v sng ny s trn khng kh vo dng dung dch nn s to ra l kh ( t - air hole) rt nhiu tro

th tch 2 phn ny l bng nhau


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bn n p lc nn (p tng).

A SN PHM C:

h do cht tch khun phn ng ha hc gy ra.

phm c rt nhiu phng php tinh vi vi my mc hin i phn tch vn .

er):

n khi rt vo sleeve cng ngn cng tt, v nh vy nhit ca dng dung dch s gi c.

i. iu cn lm l chnh tc khng qu thp dng dung dch khng b ng c. khon 0.08-0.15 m/s.

nh phn trn. y c mt thng s khc l nhit ca sleeve (xy lanh), nu nhit ca sleeve thp

l hon thnh in y v y biscute ca sn phm thm mt qung ng na ra khi khun c nh.u qu thp sn phm s b nhn, t, rng nt qu nhiu, s lm cho sn phm b gy ti gate sn phm. Thay chip, bi trn chip tht tt. Cn iu chnh v tr cui ca piston cho ph hp theo tnh ton.

lng khun ( tr trng hp l qu trnh c siu tc thp)

y ra nghn. Cn trnh hin tng ny. iu chnh chiu cao chill vent sao cho phn over flow ca sn

lc ny s chy vi hnh nh sng bin, v do iu s cun khng kh vo trong dng dung dch. Hin t

cn phi h tc thp xung na. Tuy nhin phi khng c qu thp khng cho dung dch ng

n tng nh bong trc, c tnh sn phm khng tt, nt,v vy cn ch { lng nc lm mt sleeve kh

, v tnh chn khng ny s ht v lm mt phn dung dich bn v bay ln trn, hng v l ht chn khg c khng u, gy ra nhiu ph phm nh: bong trc, phng,...Ngc li nu thi im bt u ht ch

s v p sut, vn tc, thi gian, v tr ca qu trnh c) la chn thi im bt u ht chn khng g

c thng s c trn ( tc thp, tc cao,v tr thay i vn tc, p lc c ti a, ) bng cch da vi din tich, khi lng c, ca sn phm v khun.


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c ngay thi im tng p. Tuy nhin trong mt s trng hp v tr lm lnh b nhn, bong trc

khun nn c lm ngui sao cho nhit ca khun cng ng u cng tt

di, sau l sn phm khng b cong vnh.g kh. y cn thi cho khun tht sch trnh nc cn ng li gy ra nhn, t,n gy ra bong trc cng nh phng.ng kim loi dnh vo khun. Cht ny ch pht huy c ht tnh nng khi nhit khun l khng qu th

piston y dung dch).

sleeve,i nhn biscute c mu trng sng.

ph phm v gii php:

hun hoc kh tn b p lc p trn b mt sn phm to ra nhn .p cn tng nhit ca khun v dung dch kim loi.

im tra l nhit khun, nhit ti vng b nhn, nhit dng dung dch c thp hay khng.ng. Nu c dng kh thi sch vng b nhn .

ng kim loi tip xc vi lng khun c nhit qu thp, phn ny kim loi b oxi ha v c y ra xao iu kin tng p m s cho hnh dng nhn khc nhau,

t k h thng lm lnh cc b nhm to ra s cn bng nhit, chng cong vnh, nt sn phm, chngs pht sinh cc ph phm nh t, hay nhn.

cho nhng ngi tri nghim trong nghnh c tham kho thm, c vit bi mt k s Nht nhiu

ha? V tr thay i vn tc c tr, hay sm qu khng(gi tr v tr thay i vn tc c ln hay nh qu kh

phm rt nhiu. Thng thng theo l{ thuyt, nu khun cn mi, hay vt liu lm khun l vt liu tt (

00C. V c bn, nhit ny s in y v ng c l rt tt, c th trnh , hn ch cc loi ph phh nghim (ca ring ngi vit) vi khun vt liu thng thng (SK) nn iu chnh nhit khun kho

vo khon 1500C. Mt iu cn ch { l d nhm tng nhit khnu lm ngui khun xung qu thp trong mt thi gian ngn th khun b co gin nhit qu nhiu, dn l t nht.

n, nhng thng thng du ny khi chy d tr thnh dng kh v gy nn bong trc, hay to l kh trongh khng dng).


15/42

nh thnh khun c nhit qu cao lm cho qu trnh ng c b tr, do vy to nn lm nh.

ay chnh sa khun lm thay i dng dung dch.

hun v tng nhit dng dung dch. Sau l set iu kin c sao cho kh khng trn vo sn phm.

tn ng li trn khun, sau phn ng ha hc vi dng dung dch to ra kh trong qu trnh c.

h khun, hoc thay i loi cht tch khun.

c gi l 2 dng chng ln nhau. hp dn n dng dung dch vo trc ng c ri dng k tip chng ln.

lm cho sn phm b nt ra. Hoc do thi gian c l qu ngn sn phm cng gy ra nt.

hm. Cc bt kh ny c th thy ngay bn ngoi sn phm, hay sau khi gia cng.dch khng in y v ty theo lng kh trn vo dng dung dch trong sleeve m s to ra hnh dn

.

n cn c nhiu thi gian, kinh nghim.tri nghim thc t. Cha ni n cch dng t chuyn mn ca ngi vit l t ngi vit la chn sao

n chnh l do din tch mt ct ca gate b nh, khun b lnh qu lm cho qu trnh ng c ca sn phg kh ngay bn di da c.

to ra mt t kh tn li gn b mt sn phm. Khi khun m ra, vi p lc b nn ca lng kh ny v

. Vi cch lm ny s lm cho gim ng sut nhit do qu trnh ng c khng ng u.( { n c h


16/42

uyt nn tng v k thut c, sau l t tri nghim v t rt ra bi hc cho ring mnh.gii quyt vn , thm th nghim.

, may mc, trng la cho th gii. Chng ta ch tnh trng l ngi hc s dng my, k s gii cng ch ngy mt ngy hai chng ta bng nc bn. Hy vng chng ta c th trao i kinh nghim tht nhiu

c bn.


17/42

m)

rt quan trng anh hng n tnh cht sn phm c rt nhiu.chy kim loi chy qua gate cha).

v iu kin c ph hp nht.t cng cao.

( press up) cho qu trnh c.

din ra tht nhanh.


18/42

phn trn sn phm

phn di sn phm

gate ca sn phm

n tc theo v tr gate ca sn phm.

ho ta thyt c t

o ta thy:v tc y, cng

kho.


19/42

)


20/42

v tr bt u

n phm.

m.

cng cao ng ngha

ng sn

qung ng y khng(mm)


21/42

qu

ng ny

c trong

ng c

g v ngn khng l

n tt nht. Sau cn

bn v ca sn phm


22/42

p

hn gate

hy,

ng?), tc

v d nh

nh l tn 180-

un cngn bn

sn phm.


23/42

g khc nhau.

cho d hiu nht.

m phn

do lp

i bn


24/42

l ngihc hi


25/42

Nguyn nhn

Liyumawari (

in khnght gc)

iu kin c khng ph hp (nhit khun, chu kz c,loi cht tch khun v lng nc phun )

yujiwa

(nhn)

iu kin sn phm khng ph hp (hnh dng sn phm,b dy, tnh phc tp, tnh d kh ca vic c,

yusakai

phng n ming phun khng ph hp (mt phn khun,ming phun, ng chy dung dch, v tr ng dung dch, ln )


26/42

iu kin c khng ph hp. nhit khun qu cao

nguyn nhn

pht sinh qu nhiu bari

hike

iu kin sn phm khngph hp. thay i ln v hnh dng sn phm, phn tht.ty vo iu kin khi c m s ng c ngng t s xyra mun trn b mt khun

phng

iu kin c khng ph hpnhit khun qu cao

iu kin sn phm khng ph hp. v ty iu kin khic m hi kh thnh phn gn b mt sn phm

l pin (lpin b mt )

iu kin c khng ph hp. nhit khun qu thp

iu kin in dung dch khng ph hp

phng n c khng ph hpthot kh khng


27/42

iu kin khun khngph hp


Nguyn nhn

cung cp thiu dung dch vocc v tr dy

dy thay i nhiu

xc

iu kin c, iu kin sn phm khng ph hp

chy

phng n c khng ph hp. v tr, hng, hnh dngming phun khng ph hp

iu kin c khng ph hp, lm lnh phn ming phunv phn ca dung dch khng


28/42

ht kh vo

kh trong dung dch

in khng y

ln tp cht axit

b st p lc c

phng n c khng ph hp nguyn nhn

hike t

l kh

(kh trong khun, kh do cht tch khun)

porocity

l pin v trtm phntht


29/42

iu kin c khng ph hp


lm lnh khun khng ph hp

t phn

ming phun

phng n c , iu kin c, thao tc c khng phhp

lm lnh phn ming phun v dy ming phun khngph hp

kim tranhit

gia nhit khun v t kch nhit


30/42

Gii php cho ph phm c p lc.

i sch

chn kin c ph hp. c bit l nng nhit khun. cng tng nhit chnh lng cht tch khun t i

chn iu kin my ph hp. nng tc ming phun, gim thi gian in.tng p lc cui cng

kim tho phng n c. thay i v tr, hng ming phun. lm sao cho khng pht sinhqu dng chy. tin hnh thot kh, v tr thch hp. to dng chy dung dch c th thay i dng chych { t c s axit ha dung dch

Chnh iukin c cho ph hp. c bit l nng nhit khun. cng tng nhit

iu tit my c, nu khng th c c iu kin th thay i my c

kim tho li phng n c, v tr ming phun, thay i ln. Tin hnh thot kh,

kim tho li phng n c, thay i v tr ming phun, ln, hnh dng. Tin hnh thot kh,c bit ch { dng chy

chn iu kin c ph hp. iu chnh nhit khun v nhit dung dch. (ni chung l tng ln). ty tnhiu tit my c, chnh tc phun, lu lng in cho ph hp

kim tho hnh dng sn phm, lm sao khng c nhng ch tht mng cc b


31/42

loi b s thay i t ngt b dy dung dch sn phm

to du trn nhng phn gc, phn nhn ca sn phmquy nh lng tp cht tha cn trong hp kim. c nhiu trng hp lm gim

thay i phng n c dng chy ph hp

thay i iu kin in dng chy ph hp

i schni chung l gim nhit b mt khunchnh thi gian ng khun cho ph hp

iu chnh iu kin in dung dch dng dung dch khng b ri lon

ni chung l tng nhit b mt khun

. gim lng phun cht tch khunnng cao p lc c

ci tin phng n c sau cho dng chy ph hp

thot kh y

iu chnh iu kin in dung dch cho ph hp

chn iu kin c ph hp. ni chung l gim nhit khun. lm gim nhit , gim lng phun cht tchkhun.

thay i phng n c sao cho dng chy dung dch ph hp. thot kh y


32/42

mi b mt khun y

loi b undercut b mt khunmi gc thot khun theo hng thot sn phm, ly sn phm d dngto l cc phn gc, hc sn phm v gc thot sn phmLoi b phn khc su trong sn phmchn cht tch khun ph hp, phun cht tch khun y gim nhit b mt khun

khng kim tra nhit ca khunloi b cht bm ln b mt khun ca dung dch

lm dy hn na chiu dy biscuit

iu chnh s khng ph hp ca hng, cch gn ming phunsuy ngh vic lm lnh khun. lm lnh ton b

chn cht tch khun ph hp, phun y tp cht tha cn th chnh lng st cho ph hp

iu chnh lu tc dng chy khng xy ra si bong bng, to l hng.suy ngh v hnh dng sn phm, l trnmi khun thng xuyn, loi b nhng tp cht nng chy bm vo

i sch

thay i thi gian in dung dch, tc ming phuntng p lc c

thay i phng n c. thay i chiu dy, chiu rng, v tr ca ming phun , thay i ln v v tr thot kh


33/42

gim nhit khun v tr pht sinh t. kim tho vic lm lnh v cch thc lm lnh ton b khunkim tho cht liu khun nhng v tr pht sinh tlp pin nakago nhng v tr pht sinh t

gim s thay i b dy phn tht. c gng ht sc chiu dy ng nht

thay i thi gian in dung dch, thay i tc ming phun tng p lc c

lp pin nakago nhng v tr pht sinh t

thay i hnh dng vt cgim tp cht b oxy ha, kh trong dung dchqun l{ sao cho rc, du khng bm vo kaitenai

c gng khng mc lp axitkim tho phng n c, thng xuyn xoay dung dch (yumawari)kim tho tc ming phun, thi gian in dung dch, c gng in hon tongim cht tch khun

kim tho 1 ln na iu kin nhit khun chng hnng khun hon ton , gim pht sinh bari clm cho khng cn bn bari raci thin phng n c

i sch

thay i phng n c. thay i ming phun, ng dung dch, v tr v ln thot kh. thay i mt phn

thay i loi v lng phun cht tch khun. c bit l c gng gim lng phun

c gng khng c s xo trn dung dch trong sleeve kim loi, chng axit dung dch


34/42

lm mng b dy ming phuntng v lm y p lc vo cui cng

loi b vic kim tra nhit b mt rnh khun mt cch trc tip

mi k b mt khun, khng cn st du vt

gia nhit khun trc khi c

vic c th trc khi t la th khng tin hnh qu nhiuc trnh vic cho nc vo t b mt khun

c gng ht sc lm gim s chnh lch gia nhit khun v nhit c.


35/42

phn loihn ch

chng loi hn ch

li kch thc

bin dng

d tht, thiu thtm ng phnkhun

in khng htgc sn phm

nhn

yusakai

nt, v nng

lm

phng

xc

chy xm

try xc xm thc khun

khuytim v

mt kchthc

khuytim bnngoi (hnch vmt ngoidng )

try xc khun hoc tryxc kim tra nhit


36/42

l pin

dakon

t ming phun

try xc

t lm

(blow hole) l kh

porocity

vt en cng

nguyn liukhng tt

tp cht

khuytim v

mtnguyn

liu

khuytim bn

trong

l pin chnh gia chiu dy


37/42

tnh trng hn ch

ty vo nhiu nguyn nhn m vt c khng c kch thc ging nh quy nh

khun, nakago , d tht, khng c c kch thc quy nh

vt c bin dng, mt i hnh dng quy nh

mt phn sn phm qu dy, qu mng hoc m v

m v mt phn sn phm pht sinh khi loi b bari, ming phun

dung dch khng n ht mt phn rnh no v ng c li

l b mt th, vt nhn cn, du vt ca dng chy sinh ra do dung dchkhng chy ha vo nhau

nhng ng phn cch sinh ra nhng v tr hp lu, dung dch khng ha vo nhau hon ton

l nt v sinh ra mt phn sn phm do nhiu nguyn nhn

l vt lm sinh ra trn b mt sn phm c do s co li khi dung dch ng c

s trng, nh ln khi b mt c do kh trong vt c

vt try xc dng ng thng sinh ra trn b mt c khi b y ra t khun

khuyt tht trn b mt sn phm hoc b mt th sinh ra do dung dch tan chybm vo b mt khun

try xc sinh ra trn b mt c do bi s dng khun b xm thc 1 phn no

l try xc trn b mt c nu s dng khun pht sinh kim tra nhit,


38/42

l l nh, pht sinh trn b mt c

try xc pht sinh khi ly sn phm ra, khi vn chuyn

l l nh xut hin vt nh ming phun

l try xc m ngi thao tcgy ra cho sn phm bng nhng cng dng c

l l sinh ra bn trong sn phm c do dung dch sau khi in vo co li

c dng xp th hnh thnh trn mt phn sn phm

l nh hnh cu pht sinh phn gia chiu dy

l nhng ht nh c cng ln, chng s ct kim loi

sn phm c khng nm trong phm vi thnh phn ha hc quy nh.nhng sn phm c nguyn liu d thng

tp cht ln ln trong sn phm c

l nhng l ln do kh sinh ra t khng kh trong khun, cht tch khun, dung dch i vo trong dung dch v st


39/42

CCH TNH QUNG NG TC CAO

o khi lng in y. ( khi lng phn mu hng)

nhp vo

g

Khi lng dung dch qua gate t trng dung dch = th tch dung dch qua gate

() (g/cm3)

th tch dung dch qua gate din tch mt ct sleeve = qung ng tc cao.

(cm3)

1190

1190 2.4

495.8 50.24

(g)

(g)(cm3)

(g) (g/cm3)

(cm3)(cm)

(cm3)

(mm)


40/42

Qung ng tc cao m ngn th phn di sn phm d b nhn.Qung ng tc cao m di th phn trn sn phm d b nhn.


41/42


42/42

INT 1040 70 112.7

INT#2 1120 70 121.3

MAN 380 60 56.0

UPR 1560 80 129.4

LWR 1200 80 99.5

thong so ap luc duc

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