time signatures - vyso
TRANSCRIPT
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
Time Signatures
• Time signatures tell you
two things:
o How many beats are
in a bar
o How long each beat
is
o Which beats are
stronger and which
beats are weaker
There are two numbers in a time signature:
4
• The top number shows the number of beats in a bar.
o If the number is 3, there are 3 beats in a bar.
o If the number is 4, there are 4 beats in a bar.
o If the number is 6, there are 6 beats in a bar.
4
• The bottom number tells you how long each beat is
o If the number is 2, each beat is a h long.
o If the number is 4, each beat is a q long.
o If the number is 8, each beat is a e long.
We call the name of each time signature based on the numbers used
for the top and bottom numbers
4
We call this meter
four-four time
6
We call this meter
six-eight time 4 8
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
Let’s practice our understanding of time signatures! For
each of the following time signatures, circle the correct
word to complete the sentence.
4
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 4
2
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 4
3
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 4
3
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 8
6
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long.
8
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
2
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long.
2
3
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 2
4
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 2
6
There are two/three/four/six beats in each bar.
Each beat is a half/quarter/ eighth note long. 2
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
Note Durations • This is like fractions in elementary/middle school
• Use the following charts to review how long each note lasts.
w h h
q q q q e e e e ry ry
s s s s dg dg dffg dffg This chart can be confusing to understand. Here is what it means:
1. One whole note (w) is the same duration as two half notes (h), four
quarter notes (q), eight eighth notes (e) or 16 sixteenth notes (s).
2. One half note (h) is the same duration as two quarter notes (q),
four eighth notes (e) or eight sixteenth notes (s).
3. One quarter note (q) is the same duration as two eighth notes (e)
or four sixteenth notes (s).
4. One eighth note is equal to two sixteenth notes (s).
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
The same can be applied to rests!
W H H
Q Q Q Q E E E E E E E E
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Strong and Weak Beats
• Some beats in the bar are stronger than others
• This helps the listener divide the music into smaller, more
understandable chunks when listening.
• There are strong beats, medium beats, weak beats.
• The table below shows the pattern of the beats
Time signature Pattern
@4 Strong Weak
#4 Strong Weak Weak
$4 Strong Weak Medium Weak
^8 Strong Weak Weak Medium Weak Weak
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
Let’s practice!
Exercise 1: Label the beats in the parts!
1. Circle all the time signatures in the music below. Each time
signature changes the number of beats in a bar.
2. Label each beat in the bar.
Violin Part
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©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
Viola Part
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Cello Part
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Exercise 2: For each of the following rhythms from the Pirates of the
Caribbean, put the correct time signature at the beginning of each line.
Hint – look at the longest note value that repeats in every bar; that is
often the lower number of the time signature.
eE qq\ q. e q\ qqq\ qqq\ h ry\ q.. e q\qqq\ q. e q\h Q \| h. ry\ qqqQ\ h h\ qqqq\ Q q Q q\Q q Q q\ QQQq \| r.g ry q\ r.g ry q\ r.g ryry\ qqq\ qQ q\ qQ q\| qeeq\ qerty\ rty eEE\ rty eEE\| qryqry\ qryqry\ qryqry\ qqqry\ w\|
Exercise 3: For each of the following rhythms from the Pirates of the
Caribbean, put bar lines at the correct places in each line. The time
signature has already been given at the beginning of each line.
^8 e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e q. q. q. q. h. \|
#4 e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e q. q. q. q. h. \| ^8 eEeeeeeEeeeeq q q eeEEeeq q q eeEEEE\| #4 eEeeeeeEeeeeq q q eeEEeeq q q eeEEEE\| ^8 eeeeeeq eeq qeeq qeeq q eeee eeeeEE\| #4 eeeeeeq eeq qeeq qeeq q eeee eeeeEE\|
©Aydan Con (2020), for use by VYSO online theory learning
^8 q eeq q eeq q ee q q eeee q eeq eeeeEE eeeeEE\| #4 q eeq q eeq q ee q q eeee q eeq eeeeEE eeeeEE\|
Exercise 4: For each of the rhythms in Exercise 3, circle the strong
beats.
Example:
#4r.g ry q\ r.g ry q\ r.g ryry\ qqq\ qQ q\ qQ q\|