Timeline of the Arab and Timeline of the Arab and Israel ConflictIsrael Conflict

Late 1800’s to WW 1Late 1800’s to WW 1 Zionism:Zionism:

Theodore Herzl, a Theodore Herzl, a leading Jewish leading Jewish sympathizer, states sympathizer, states that a Jewish that a Jewish homeland is needed homeland is needed to stop the violence to stop the violence against the Jewsagainst the Jews

Arabs (Ottoman Arabs (Ottoman Empire) are defeated Empire) are defeated in World War I by in World War I by Britain, France, and Britain, France, and USA. USA.

Between the World WarsBetween the World Wars Britain takes Britain takes

control of the control of the Palestinian area.Palestinian area.

Balfour Declaration:Balfour Declaration: Says Palestine is to be Says Palestine is to be

used for a Jewish used for a Jewish homelandhomeland

Made by BritainMade by Britain 680,000 Jews start to 680,000 Jews start to

move to Palestinemove to Palestine

WW IIWW II Hitler and the Hitler and the

HolocaustHolocaust Adolph Hitler comes to Adolph Hitler comes to

power in Germanypower in Germany 6 millions Jews were 6 millions Jews were

killed during his time in killed during his time in power all over Europepower all over Europe

Equal to 2/3 of the total Equal to 2/3 of the total Jewish population in Jewish population in EuropeEurope

Hostilities between Hostilities between Jews and Arabs in Jews and Arabs in Palestine beginPalestine begin

1947-19481947-1948 United Nations:United Nations:

An agreement is made An agreement is made to end hostilities to end hostilities between Arabs and Jews.between Arabs and Jews.

Palestine is to be split in 2.Palestine is to be split in 2. 650,000 Palestinians are 650,000 Palestinians are

to be moved from Jewish to be moved from Jewish controlled areas.controlled areas.

1948: Israel declares 1948: Israel declares independence from independence from Britain.Britain.

1948 War of Israel 1948 War of Israel IndependenceIndependence

Israel is attacked Israel is attacked by Syria, by Syria, Lebanon, Jordon, Lebanon, Jordon, Egypt, and Iraq.Egypt, and Iraq.

Israel defeats all Israel defeats all of the Arab of the Arab countries back countries back and gains more and gains more territory.territory.

Suez Crisis- 1956Suez Crisis- 1956 Egypt attempts to Egypt attempts to

control a Canal from control a Canal from the Mediterranean Sea the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea to stop to the Red Sea to stop supplies getting to supplies getting to Israel.Israel. Britain and France send Britain and France send

troops to stop Egypt.troops to stop Egypt. Israel joins in and Israel joins in and

attacks Egyptattacks Egypt This heightens This heightens

tensions between tensions between Egypt and Israel.Egypt and Israel.

The PLOThe PLO Palestine Liberation Palestine Liberation

OrganizationOrganization Formed in 1964Formed in 1964 Aim is to free Aim is to free

Palestine from Israeli Palestine from Israeli control through forcecontrol through force

Leader is Yasir ArafatLeader is Yasir Arafat PLO leads many PLO leads many

attacks on Israeli attacks on Israeli civilians and militarycivilians and military

6 Day War- 19676 Day War- 1967 Seeing Egypt, Syria, Seeing Egypt, Syria,

and Jordon are getting and Jordon are getting ready to attack Israel, ready to attack Israel, Israel attacks all 3 Israel attacks all 3 countries at the same countries at the same time.time. Israel is able to quickly Israel is able to quickly

defeat all threedefeat all three Israel takes land from Israel takes land from

all 3 countriesall 3 countries Israel doubles in sizeIsrael doubles in size

Yom Kippur War- 1973Yom Kippur War- 1973 Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish

holiday of Yom Kippurholiday of Yom Kippur Israel again successfully defends itself with no Israel again successfully defends itself with no

changes in borders.changes in borders. Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending

oil to Western countries like the United States.oil to Western countries like the United States. Gas shortages occurGas shortages occur

Spill over into US and RussiaSpill over into US and Russia Russia supplies Arab countries with weaponsRussia supplies Arab countries with weapons US supplies Israel with weaponsUS supplies Israel with weapons Tensions rise between US and RussiaTensions rise between US and Russia

Peace Process Starts 1978Peace Process Starts 1978 Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords

US President Jimmy US President Jimmy Carter meets with leaders Carter meets with leaders from Israel (Begin) and from Israel (Begin) and Egypt (Sadat).Egypt (Sadat).

Israel agrees to give back Israel agrees to give back territory to Egyptterritory to Egypt

Egypt agrees to Egypt agrees to recognize Israel’s recognize Israel’s independenceindependence

Sadat is assassinated Sadat is assassinated shortly afterward by shortly afterward by Muslim extremists who Muslim extremists who don’t want peace. don’t want peace.

Intifada 1980’sIntifada 1980’s Groups of regular Groups of regular

Palestinian civilians Palestinian civilians begin an uprising begin an uprising against Israel’s against Israel’s military military occupation.occupation.

Israel and Iraq- 1981Israel and Iraq- 1981 Fearing Iraq may Fearing Iraq may

be making nuclear be making nuclear weapons, Israel weapons, Israel destroys Iraq’s destroys Iraq’s nuclear factories.nuclear factories.

Israel Invades Lebanon- Israel Invades Lebanon- 19821982

Invades because Invades because PLO headquarters PLO headquarters is in Lebanon’s is in Lebanon’s capital, Beirutcapital, Beirut Israel’s attacks to Israel’s attacks to

stop the PLO’s stop the PLO’s attacksattacks

Peace Agreement- 1988Peace Agreement- 1988 Israel and the PLO Israel and the PLO

agree to cease-fire agree to cease-fire and for Israel to and for Israel to return to their pre return to their pre 6 Day War 6 Day War boundaries.boundaries.

Oslo Peace Process- 1993Oslo Peace Process- 1993 US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader

Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat.Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat. West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to

Palestinians to run.Palestinians to run. Israel is promised peaceIsrael is promised peace

Rabin is Assassinated- 1995Rabin is Assassinated- 1995 During a peace During a peace

rally following the rally following the Oslo Accords, Oslo Accords, Rabin is Rabin is assassinated by an assassinated by an Israeli militant who Israeli militant who was against peace.was against peace.

Modern Violence 1995-2005Modern Violence 1995-2005 Second Intifada:Second Intifada:

More violence against Israelis for their More violence against Israelis for their continued military presence in Palestinian continued military presence in Palestinian areas.areas.

Israel reacts:Israel reacts: Israel sends troops to West Bank and GazaIsrael sends troops to West Bank and Gaza Israel starts building fence around the Israel starts building fence around the

Gaza StripGaza Strip

Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006 An extremist group An extremist group

called Hezbollah called Hezbollah takes control of takes control of LebanonLebanon Israeli soldiers Israeli soldiers

kidnappedkidnapped Rocket attacks startRocket attacks start

Israel invades Israel invades Lebanon to stop Lebanon to stop the attacksthe attacks Invasion succeeds Invasion succeeds

and attacks stopand attacks stop

Hamas in the Gaza Strip- Hamas in the Gaza Strip- TodayToday

In retaliation of In retaliation of Israel’s continued Israel’s continued military presence military presence in the Gaza Strip, in the Gaza Strip, the group Hamas the group Hamas starts launching starts launching rockets into Israelrockets into Israel

Israel reacts by Israel reacts by bombing the rocket bombing the rocket sites and sending sites and sending troops into Gaza.troops into Gaza.