traktus urogenitalis
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Traktus UrogenitalisStruktur, Fungsi dan Mekanisme
Ginjal
Hilda melisa lumban batu102010062
![Page 2: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MAKROSKOPIK
Ginjal
UreterUretra
![Page 3: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Struktur Ginjal
• Retroperitoneal• Ki : iga 11/ L 2-3• Ka : iga 12/ L3-4
• Kapsula fibrosa• Kapsula adiposa• Fascia Renalis
![Page 4: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Pendarahan Ginjal
![Page 5: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ureter
• Pars abdominal ureteris
• Pars pelvina ureteris -> menyilang duct. Deferen -> vecica urinaria
• 3 penyempitan• Ureter pelvic junction• Menyilang v.iliaca comunis• Masuk kedalam vesica urinaria
![Page 6: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
urethera
• Pars intramuskularis
• Pars prostatica• Pars
membranecea• Pars spogiosa
![Page 7: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MIKROSKOPIK
![Page 8: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Komponen tubuler
• Kapsula bowman • Tubulus kontortus proksimal• Lengkung henle (ansa henle)= asendens dan
desendens• Tubulus kontortus distal• Duktus koligens• Duktus papilaris
![Page 10: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Glomerulus & kapsula bowman badan malpigi.
• TKPSelapis sel kuboidSitoplasma : merah
• Lengkung HenlePemekatan &
pengenceran urin• TKD
selapis sel kuboidPemekatan urin
![Page 11: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ureter
• Epitel transisional
• Otot polos longitudinal, sirkuler, longitudinal
![Page 12: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mekanisme kerja ginjal
• Homeostasis :- Filtrasi- Reabsorpsi- Sekresi
![Page 13: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Filtrasi
Melewati 3 membran membran kapiler glomerolus, membran basal, lapisan dalam kapsula bowman.
● Ada 3 gaya 1) Tekanan hidrostatik glomerolus 2) Tekanan hidrostatik kapsula
bowmen.3) Tekanan onkontik (protein
plasma)
![Page 14: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Autoregulasi
• Umpan balik tubuloglomerulus
• Tek sistemik -> GFR -> arus filtrasi -> durasi reabsorbsi > -> reabsorsi Na+> -> Na rendah terdeteksi macula densa -> aktifitas RAAS -> tek darah dan GFR
Miogenik Faktor miogenikTek darah meningkat -> a. Aferen kontraksiTek darah menurun -> a. Aferen dilatasi
![Page 16: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sistem countecurrent
![Page 17: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Reabsorpsi dan sekresi
Tubulus proksimal Ansa henle Tubulus distal
Duktus koligens
reabsorbsi Sekresi Pars Desendens
Pars asendens
1. Glukosa &asam : 100%, kotransp dengan Na+
1.H+ : bervariasi, bergantung pada keasaman cairan tubuh
1.air: 15% direabsorpsi secara osmotik, tidak dapat dikendalikan
1.NaCL:25% direabsorpsi aktif:tidak dapat dikendalikan
1.Na+:-reabsorpsi bervariasi-kedali:aldosteron- CL-: ikut pasif
1.air: -reabsorpsi bervariasi-kendali: ADH
2.Na+ :reabsorpsi aktif, 67%, obligat, tidak dapat dikendalikan, CL- ikut
2.ion organik : tidak dapat dikendalikan
2.(kemungkinan NaCL: sekresi pasif, tidak dapat dikendalikan)
2.bagian ini impermeabel terhadap substanasi lain.
2.K+-ekskresi bervariasi-kendali: aldosteron
2.H+:-sekresi bervariasi-faktor:pH cairan tubuh
![Page 18: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3. PO4- & elektrolit lain : bervariasi dapat dikendalikan
3.air-reabsorpsi bervariasi-kendali: ADH
4. Air : reabsorpsi osmotik, 65%, obligat, tidak dapat dikendalikan
4.H+-sekresi bervariasi-faktor: pH cairan
5. Urea : reabsorpsi pasif, 50%, obligat, tidak dapat dikendalikan
6.K+ : semua direabsorpsi, obligat, tidak dapat dikendalikan
![Page 19: Traktus Urogenitalis](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081715/5486413cb4af9f74318b45c5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
kesimpulan