Unit 4: Colonial Life

Unit Overview

Connecting Back

Colonization and Settlement

Reasons people left Europe and settled

in the Americas

PUSH FACTORS

PULL FACTORS

Reasons people left Europe and settled in the

Americas

LAND

Many people did not own their own land.

EMPLOYMENT

There was a shortage of jobs in

the cities.

POPULATION

The population of Europe had increased.

FREEDOM

There was very little religious freedom.PUSH FACTORS

POPULATION

There was plenty of room for people.

FREEDOM

There was the hope of more freedom.PULL FACTORS

LAND

There was the opportunity to own

land.

EMPLOYMENT

There were jobs available.

Jamestown

1619

A ship carrying 20 Africans arrived in

Jamestown.

• The first Africans arrived in Jamestown in 1619.

• Records are unclear but most historians think they were treated like indentured servants.

• As more workers were needed, Africans were enslaved and treated as property.

1619

Jamestown was allowed to elect a

group of lawmakers and

form its own legislature.

• The colony was given the right to set up a lawmaking group, or legislature.

• Virginia’s legislature was called the House of Burgesses. This was because a “burgess” was a representative who is chosen by people to make decisions for them.

• This was the first legislature in the English colonies.

The Development of the Southern Colonies

Virginia

in 1624 King James took away the charter he had given the Virginia Company and made the colony a ‘royal colony.’ This meant the governor would now be appointed by the king.

Maryland

Maryland was founded by a proprietor, or person who was given land for a colony by the king.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

Plymouth:Religious Freedom and Early

English Settlements

Pull Factors

Jamestown Settlers

Pilgrims

Economic Religious

The Mayflower Compact IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents, solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and of one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony: unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. IN WITNESS WHEREOF we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the 11 of November, the year of the reign of our sovereign Lord James; of England, France and Ireland the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Ano Dom. 1620.

The Development of the New England Colonies

English Settlers in New England

Salem

Boston

The Development of Rhode Island

Narragansett Bay and Rhode

Island

Connecticut

Because Massachusetts was so rocky, people began looking for better farm land in the Connecticut River Valley

Others began to come to the area for religious reasons.

The best known was Rev. Thomas Hooker.

Connecticut River

New Hampshire

People looking for better farmland headed north of Massachusetts and settled along the Merrimack River.

Others came to the same area trying to escape the strict Puritan way of life.

Merrimack River

Settlements in the Middle: New Amsterdam and Quaker Settlements

The Development of the Middle Colonies

STUYVESANT TEARING UP THE LETTER DEMANDING SURRENDER

New York

Jamestown Plymouth

Early settlements develop based on geographic, economic and cultural

factors.

Southern Colonies New England

13 colonies develop in 3 distinct regions.

MiddleColonies

England begins to claim land along the Atlantic

coast.

Lesson 8 – Unit 3

• Healthy climate• Settlement in

coastal areas• Settlement along

rivers

• Healthy climate• Fertile land good for

growing grains• Settlement in coastal

areas• Settlement along

rivers

• Settlement in coastal areas

• Settlements along rivers• Fertile land good for

cash crops like tobacco and rice

• Long growing season

• Forests for lumbering• Fishing• Some small farms• Manufacturing of

things like ships

• Small and large farms • Some manufacturing

• big plantations and small farms

• Religion• Farms surrounded

towns where religion was very important

• Religion• Many diverse cultural

groups• People of the same

culture like Germans settled together

• People were more spread out and there were few towns

Comparing Regional Settlement Patterns

A wide variety of economic

activities

New England Colonies

Middle Colonies Southern Colonies

Settlements along rivers

ReligionMainly English

settlers

Many diverse cultural groups

People and settlements more

spread outFertile

land

New England

Middle Southern

Interactions between Native Americans

and English Settlers

Disease

Loss of land

Loss of hunting areas

Enslavement

Interactions between Native Americans and

English Settlers

Benefits to NativeAmericans Consequences

Different PerspectivesConflict

EffectsCauses About land

About religion

TradeNew

Technology

Different points of view

Taking of land

Many deaths

Native Americans lose more land

Lesson 9 – Unit 3

• How did the desire for freedom affect English settlement in the colonies?

• What kinds of freedom were people looking for?

32contradiction

when two ideas or actions are in conflict

SS050309)

Were there contradictions relating to freedom in the times of early settlement?

Belief Contradiction

Owning land is important

Native American land was taken.

Religious freedom is important

There was a large push to convert Native Americans to Christianity

Freedom to make your own choices is important

Native Americans were denied freedom.

Page(s)Conflict or

CooperationWhat happened?

50 Conflict The Spanish forced Indians to work in mines

50 Cooperation The Spanish traded with American Indians

57 Conflict The Spanish fought with American Indians who opposed them.

61 Conflict Ponce de Leon skilled many native people

61 Conflict American Indians resented the invasion and attacked

66 Cooperation LaSalle learned American Indian languages.

67 Conflict American Indians were enslaved

74 Cooperation Roanoke Island had friendly people.

76 Cooperation American Indians brought food to Jamestown

76 Conflict Local tribes attacked people outside of Jamestown.

76 Cooperation For a time American Indians and colonists were at peace.

76 Conflict American Indians were tired of losing their land and attacked Jamestown

78 Cooperation American Indians helped the Pilgrims.

79 Cooperation American Indians and the Pilgrims signed a peace treaty

Conflict Increases Jamestown

•More and more Powhatan land was taken for tobacco

•Conflicts between Native Americans and settlers increased.

• 1622: angry Native Americans killed over 300 settlers

•Colonists fought back in an all-out war.

•Powhatans defeated and the last of their lands were taken.

Conflict Increases

The Pequot War

•1637: fighting broke out between colonists and the Pequots in the Connecticut River Valley

•Cause: loss of Native American land.

• Effect: Pequots defeated and more land was taken.

Conflict Increases

King Phillip’s War

•Tensions had grown between the Wampanoag and the Plymouth settlers.

• One continuing problem: the trampling of Native American cornfields by colonists’ livestock.

•Also: competition for resources such as land for planting, hunting and fishing.In 1662: Plymouth Court summoned Wamsutta,, Wampanoag leader, to Plymouth.

• Taken by gunpoint - Later he sickened and died.

•His brother Metacom became the Wampanoag leader.

•Tensions continued to rise and in 1675 conflict broke out.

•The war spread as far north as New Hampshire and as far southwest as Connecticut.

• Many people were killed on both sides.

• War ended in 1676 when Metacom (Philip) was killed.

•Results: many tribes were forced off their lands and very few Native Americans remained along the eastern seacoast of New England.

Cause

Settlers pushed Native Americans off land.

Cause

Competition for Resources

Cause

Native American crops were trampled

by settler animals.

Effect

English colonists began to settle in

new areas.

Effect

Native Americans were pushed farther

and farther west.

Effect

Many people were killed on both sides.

Conflicts between Native Americans

and English settlers

Colonial Life

From Comparing

Early Regional Settlement Patterns

to Comparing Colonial Regions.

Lesson Sequence

Lesson 1: Life in the New England Colonies

Lesson 2: Life in the Middle Colonies

Lesson 3: Life in the Southern Colonies

Lesson 4: Comparing Colonial Regions

Lesson 5: Triangular Trade and the Middle Passage

Lesson 6: Slavery in the Colonies

Lesson 7: The Colonial Economy

Lesson 8: Colonial Government: Foundations of Self-Government

Lesson 9: Colonial Life from Different Perspectives

Wall Timeline

1700

1500

1600

1800

1750

1650

1550