unit 7: 1930’s ppt #1 (spring 2020) · ppt #1 (spring 2020) daily essential questions: 1. what...
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT 7: 1930’sPPT #1
(SPRING 2020)
DAILY ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
1. What were the causes and effects of the Great Depression?
2. How did the Great Depression affect the lives of Americans?
3. Why did President Hoover’s government policies fail to solve the country’s economic crisis?
EQ #1: What were the causes and effects of the
Great Depression?
• What does this chart reveal?
• What does this tell us about
society in the 1920s?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgmeL7sp4hw
The Great Depression 3min
1. Problems for Farmers
– Crop Prices too low.
Rural farmers produced
huge surpluses (too much)
of food that lowered
prices.
Causes:
2. Easy credit and
installment buying lead
people to purchase
goods they couldn’t pay
for.
4. Stock Market Speculation –
“buying on margin” leads to -
October 29th, BLACK TUESDAY, the
stock market crashed as investors
tried to sell at any price.
3. Rising wages masked an
uneven distribution of
wealth.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rKPHKmNJrc Mr. Betts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yp7u328PKu4
The stock market crash didn’t start the Great
Depression by itself. Instead, it quickened the
collapse of the U.S. economy.
1. Banks and businesses fail. After the crash, people ran to the
bank and attempted to withdraw their funds. But banks didn’t have
enough money on hand as cash. These bank runs caused banks to
fail.
Effects:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPkJH6BT7dM
“It’s a Wonderful Life” Bank Run Scene
• Factories closed, causing worker
layoffs.
• This lowered demand for goods
because people do not have enough
$$$$.
2. By 1933, the unemployment rate reached 25%.
3. Congress passed the Hawley-Smoot Tariff to protect American
manufacturers from foreign competition. BUT…. This was a mistake.
Other nations retaliated and raised tariffs so it was hard to sell
American goods overseas.
4. Loans given to Europeans by Americans were not paid.
EQ #2: How did the Great Depression affect the lives of Americans?
1. Unemployment lead to poverty. Food came from soup kitchens
or bread lines.
2. Hoovervilles - homeless lived in empty railroad cars, cardboard
boxes, or in shacks. Named after President Hoover.
3. Between 1930
and 1934, nearly
a million farmers
lost their farms,
homes, and farm
equipment
because they
could not pay
their mortgages.
4. Farmers on the
Great Plains suffered
a terrible drought,
which led to the Dust
Bowl.
5. Farmers who had
lost their land, called
Okies were forced to
leave and travel to
find work.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guTek7ipD4U 6min The Dust Bowl
EQ #3: Why did President Hoover’s government policies
fail to solve the country’s economic crisis?
1. At the start of the economic downturn, Hoover took a
hands-off approach. (What’s this called?)
Laissez-Faire
2. Then, he asked businesses to keep wages, employment,
and prices at current levels.
3. And asked the wealthy to donate to charities. BUT…
many now could not afford to donate.
4. He favored localism, a policy
whereby problems are best
solved at the local and state
levels.
5. BUT…Towns and states didn’t
have the necessary
resources/money to deal with the
depression.
6. American people believed that
he wasn’t trying to help them.
Herbert Hoover 31st President,
Scapegoat for the Great Depression
1. Some blamed Hoover and some
blamed capitalism.
2. Some were World War I veterans who
wanted a bonus that was promised to
them. In 1932, those veterans formed
the Bonus Army and marched on
Washington.
Many grew disillusioned during the Great
Depression.
How did people respond to Hoover’s approach?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jrQ0WTK-SA
Hoover, Bonus Army 4min
3. Almost 20,000
veterans set up camps
and occupied vacant
buildings. In July, police
tried to evict them and
riots erupted.
How do you think Americans felt about Pres. Hoover now?
Will he win the next Presidential election?