unit1 - contributions - taylor & fayol

7/28/2019 Unit1 - Contributions - Taylor & Fayol

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Contributions contd

Contributions by Tailor and Fayol


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Frederick Winslow Taylor

Father of Modern Management In 1895- proposed a Piece Rate System:

Observe & Analyze set the standard for job

(use Time and Motion studies)

Pay workers for meeting/exceeding standard

Pay individual worker not everyone, or group/department,or the job = pay according to individual value to business

What Adam Smith had done for markets, Taylor does

for the firm place wealth creation squarely on the

individual worker who is managed, rewarded for

effort.


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Frederick Taylor Cont. Biography: Wealthy Philadelphia Quaker family

Worked in hydraulics factory as laborer/foreman/chief

engineer

At 25 earned college degree in engineering

At 35- consultant: introduced functional foreman,

production planning, differential pay= cut costs/increasedproduction)

1905 wrote Shop Management 1909-14: Lecturer at Harvard

Management consultant US Navy and Army

1911- Wrote Scientific Management


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Frederick Taylor Cont. Soldiering people dont

always

try/work hard. WHY?

If we work hard and complete thejob no more work next day; fewerworkers needed!

SO what is the amount of time

needed to do the job? How should it be performed

One Best Way

What is the standard?


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Taylors 4 Principles of Scientific

ManagementTaylors four principles of scientific management:

Work methods should be based on scientific

observation not rules of thumb. Scientifically select, train, and develop each worker

Cooperate with workers to ensure that scientificallydeveloped methods are being followed.

Managers analyze and plan work; workers actuallyperform the tasks.


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Henri Fayols Principles of

Management Division of Labor: allows for job specialization. Authority and Responsibility: both formal and informal

authority result from special expertise.

Unity of Command:workers have only one boss. Line of Authority: clear chain of command, top to

bottom of the firm. Centralization: degree to which authority rests at the top

of the organization. Unity of Direction: single plan of action to guide the

organization. Equity - The provision of justice and the fair and impartial

treatment of all employees.


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Fayol - Continue Order: place workers where most useful and have

career opportunities.

Initiative: encourage employees to act on their own.

Discipline:workers need to obey

Remuneration of Personnel: pay what is fair.

Stability of Tenure of Personnel: Long-termemployment is important

Subordination of Individual Interest to the

Common Interest: interest of organization priority

Esprit de corps: Have enthusiasm, do team work

unit1 - contributions - taylor & fayol

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