Unit (10) Where today's food comes from

Word Word Wordphotographsshow aboutagriculturefertilizersfertilegenetically modifiedorganicpesticidespraydisadvantages ofpoisonous for soilnaturalchemicalnon-organiccropsdifference improvequalitygenegenetic engineeringingredientsripen (v)rot (v)seedstarvationworry abouthuntersnutscollectmethodyields

containcontrolput intolaboratoriesmodifynormalinsectsdiseasesfruitvegetablesdamageunnaturalbringbiscuitsremotehealthdepend onlabelsreferencecarbohydratefatproteinbuttercheesepastaquantitiesplenty offeed animalsliquidstreamearn moneypricesGlobal warming

marketremovedie ofripe (adj)rotten (adj)Tripoliadvertisementfarmingideasupposefloodeddiscussionwarmresistaccurateagreementdisagreementdecaymodificationin favour ofbordersrestrictionsmovementchoiceguaranteeaffecteffectenergyprovideirrigationprotectionpercentageprofitable

Language Notes

1 – much + يعد ال اسم many + جمع اسمYou shouldn't eat too much sugar.He has too many pens.

Hassan :Did you read that newspaper article about farming , Ali?

Ali :Yes, I did , Hassan . it was very interesting , wasn't it?

Hassan : What do you think about the idea of organic farming ?

Ali : I think it is the best way to farm.

Hassan:Really ? I don't . Why do you think that?

Ali : Well, the main reason is that I don't like the idea of eating fruit and vegetables that have been sprayed with pesticides . I mean pesticides can be poisonous, can't they?

Hassan :I suppose so, in the past , The Nile flooded and left fertile soil on the fields, so we didn't need chemical fertilizers then. did we?

Ali : Quite right, Hassan. I know that doesn't happen now, but as far as I am concerned, the answer isn't to continuously spray the land with chemicals.

Hassan:What is the answer, then?

Ahmad :In my opinion, we should improve the quality of the soil by adding natural, organic fertilizers.

Hassan :But surely it is much quicker and easier for farmers to spray their crops with chemical

2 – soil الزراعة أرض B – floor حجرة ارضية / ground الشارع ارض We need muddy soil to grew plants.They put a carpet on the floor.our street has high ground.3 – ingredients غذائية وجبة مكوناتSome foods contain genetically modified ingredients.4 – GM = Genetically Modified وراثيا معدل Genetically Modified crops can improve agriculture.5 – affect على يؤثر بمعني فعل effect (on) على تأثير ومعناة اسمGM foods affect us badly.GM foods have a bad effect on us.6 – starvation = famine مجاعةSome African countries suffer from starvation, there is little food.7 – drought = lack of water جفافMany countries in the world will face drought.8 – organic farming اخري اشياء أو مبيدات تستخدم ال عضوية زراعة inorganic farming اخري ومواد مبيدات شر على تعتمد زراعة Organic farming is good for health and natural.Inorganic farming is bad , but produces more yields.9 – whose + اسم This is my friend whose father is an engineer.I know people whose cupboards have GM food.10 – earn money مال يكسب = earn livingHe earns his living by exporting flowers.11 – borders دولتين بين حدود edge الشيء حافة limit معنوي حد There is no problem between Egypt and The Sudan on borders.He put the cup at the edge of the table.

Listening Text

Hassan :What about the quantity of crops farmers get, though? I'd say that modern farming makes more money than organic farming, wouldn't you?

Ali :Well, it is true that organic farms don't produce the same quantities as modern farms, so they don't make quite as much money. But it seems to me that organic food is better for you.

Hassan :Do you think so ? I am not sure. Of course there is also the subject of genetically modified crops which we haven't talked about at all.

Ali :Let's leave that discussion until another day.

Hassan :Ok.

Exercises

1 – Respond to each of the following situations:1 – Your friend eats a lot of sweets.2 – You advise your friend to eat fresh foods.3 – Your friend asks what you think of fast food.4 – Your sister thinks that biscuits and cakes are healthy food, you refuse.2 – Choose the correct answer from a , b , c , or d :1 – Pesticides are used to kill-----------------------a – insects b – dogs d – animals d – people2 - ----------------farming doesn't used fertilizers or pesticides.a – Organic b – inorganic c – satellite d – universal3 – Farmers spray fruit --------------------- pesticides.a – on b – for c – at d – with4 – Pesticides can be poisonous, --------------------they?a – can b – can't c – do d – don't5 – The Nile ------------and left fertile soil on the fields.a – flew b – flooded c – dried d – drowned6 – Inorganic farming is ------------expensive than organic farming.a – less b – more c – as d – so7 – " GM" refers to ---------------------modified food.a – Genes b – Genetic c – Genetically d – greatly8 – Bad food affects people ------------------------a – bad b – badly c – worse d – good9 – The terrorists crossed the -----------between Egypt and The Sudan.a – borders b – limits c – edges d – sides10 – There is no rain for along time , so they are suffering from ---------a – rain b – brought c – flood d – drought11 – We should -------------- our enemies.a – help b – resist c – insist d – feed12 – We should improve the ----------of our products.a – family b – quality c – equality d - quantity3 – Find the mistakes and write the sentence correctly:1 – The work of growing crops and raising animals is called engineering.2 –We couldn't live without food and water, can we?3 – In organic farming, crops are sprayed with chemicals .4 –Smoking has a bad affect on our health.5 –We will suffer with lack of water.6 – There are too much books in the bag.

4 – TranslationA ) Translate into Arabic :There are two main forms of farming, organic farming that uses natural additions. The second type is inorganic farming that uses chemical fertilizers. it increases the quantity of yield , but it may be harmful.B ) Translate into English :

الحروبز بسبب والمجاعة المياة نقص مشاكل من العالم يعاني سوف– 1؟ عضوية الغير والزراعة العضوية الزراعة بين الفرق هو ما– 2

Unit (10) TextShould scientists modify our food ?

of years ago , most people were hunters whose food came from the animals and fish they had killed and from nuts , roots and fruit they had

collected. Later, these hunters lived in one place and became farmers whose method of getting food was to grow crops from the seeds of wild plants. Over time , they noticed that some plants were better than others . They saved the seeds from these plants and so the yields and quality of their crops improved.

plants , all other living things contain genes which control what they will be like . Modern scientists can put genes into plants and animals in their laboratories , and this means they can modify their genes in order to change what

they are like. This is called Genetic engineering. A type of tomato is an example of this . When normal tomatoes ripen, one of their genes produces a chemical that makes the fruit rot. Scientists can modify this genes so that the tomatoes don't rot so quickly. This is one way in which genetically modified (GM) crops can improve agriculture . Scientists know that this technology can also protect people from starvation in countries where insects or diseases destroy crops. For example , fruit and vegetables have been modified so that they are not damaged by the diseases that kill ' normal ' plants.

many people believe that modified food is unnatural and fear that genetic engineering may bring new diseases in the future . So should we eat genetically

modified food or not ?Surprisingly , biscuits , cakes and many other foods that we have been eating for years already contain genetically modified ingredients . Have they done us any damage ?

GrammarQuestion Tag

: كاآلتي ويتكون ؟ كذلك أليس ومعناه الجملة نهاية في المزيل السؤال يستخدم - 1? ضمير+ منفي مساعد فعل------------------ , مثبتة جملة

? ضمير+ مساعد فعل------------------, منفية جملةShe is cooking lunch, isn't she?They aren't sleeping, are they?She has got a mobile, hasn't she?He can't read French, can he?

حسب([[ don't/doesn't/didn't) نس[[تخدم الجملة في مس[[اعد فعل نجد لم اذا– 2: الفعل زمن

Ayman plays well, doesn't he?Hala visited her friend, didn't she?The watch TV, don't they?

: اآلتي الحظ– 3He has a book, doesn't he?They have a car, don't they?She had an accident, didn't she?

: كاالتي االجابة تكون المزيل السؤال على االجابة عند– 4He will read a book, won't he? – yes, he will.They can't help you, can they? – No, they can't.

everyone/everybody/No) الفاعل ج[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[اء اذا– 5one/Nobody/someone/Somebody )

:( they) هو الضمير يكونNo one failed the test, did they?Everybody arrives early, don't they?

(it) الضمير يكون( Everything/Nothing/This/that) الفاعل جاء اذا– 6Everything is done, isn't it?That is good, isn't it?

:( they) الضمير يكون( These/those) الفاعل كان اذا– 7

These/Those are funny, aren't they?: مثبت السؤال يكون لذا منفية الجملة ان على تدل التالية الكلمات– 8

(never/scarcely/rarely/hardly/seldom)He never watches films, does he?

---- جدا خاصة حاالت– 51 – I 'm happy with him, aren't I ?2 – I am not happy with him, am I ?3 – Let's go out, shall we ?4 – Let us go out, will you?5 – Open the door, will you?6 – Don't open the door, will you?7 – You'd better go now, hadn't you?8 – He 'd rather take a taxi, wouldn't he?9 – I think he will come tomorrow, won't he?10 – I don't think she can swim, can she?

Exercises1 – Choose the correct answer from a , b , c , or d :1. This car is very expensive, ---------------------------?a – isn't it b – isn't the car c – doesn't it d – is it2. She can't read, ------------------------?a – isn't she b – doesn't she c – can she d – can't she3. They arrived late, --------------------------?a – don't they b – didn't they c – weren't they d – won't they4. Amgad will visit us tomorrow, ----------------------?a – will he b – won't he c – wasn't he d – doesn't he5. He's gone abroad, -----------------------?a – isn't he b – hasn't he c – doesn't he d – won't he6. You'd better meet him, -------------------------?a – hadn't you b – wouldn't you c – hadn't I d – wouldn't I 7 – Let's go, --------------------?a – shall we b – shan't we c – won't you d – do you8 – He never gets up early, -----------------------?a – doesn't he b – does he c – isn't he d – is he9 – I'm playing the piano, ----------------------?a – don't I b – aren't I c – don't you d – aren't you

10 – No one came late, -------------------------?

1 - To express opinion:1 – As far as I'm concerned, -----2 – In my opinion--------------3 – I 'd say---------------------4 – It seems to me that---------

2 - Agreeing موافقة 1 – so do I .2 – I do , too.3 – I agree. 4 – You are right.3 – Disagreeing رفض

1 – I don't.2 – I don't agree.3 – I am not sure.

Place: --------------------------------------Speaker A : -----------------------------Speaker B: -------------------------------

Place: --------------------------------------Speaker A : -----------------------------Speaker B: -------------------------------

a – didn't he b – didn't they c – did he d – did they11 – I had some tea,-------------------?a – hadn't I b – hadn't you c – didn't you d – didn't I Expressing Opinion

Exercises Unit (10)

1 – Respond to each of the following situations:1 – Someone thinks that Egypt will win the world cup, you disagree.2 – You give your opinion of your friend's car.3 – Your father bought you a new mobile.4 – You suggest revising units 1 and 2 .2 – Say where these mini-dialogues take place: 1 - A : I want to have some bread. B : How many loaves? A : five please.

2 - A : Look at the dinosaur. and here are its eggs. B : They are huge! A : Don't touch anything , please.

3 – Choose the correct answer from a , b , c, or d :1 – I got my brown hair and eyes from my parents, they are in my -------

a – pockets b – genes c – shoes d – schools2 - -------------is the adjective. The noun is genes.a – genes b – genetic c – genetically d – goal3 – The main ----------of the meal I am cooking is cheese.a – ingredient b – compounds c – community d – hope4 – When fruit or other food-------------, it is too bad to eat.a – die b- rot c – sleep d – stay5 – Scientists can------------crops by adding or removing certain genes.a – classify b – modify c – sell d – buy6 – People who don't have enough food to eat may die of-----------a – laughing b – sleeping c – starvation d – stars7 – If you want to grow vegetables you have to put-----------in the ground.a – petrol b – sugar c – seeds d – trees8 - Leila is the student --------------- is working on the project with us.a – who b – where c – whose d – when9 – That is the boy ------------sister is a teacher.a – when b – whose c – who d - what10- Thousand of years ago , most people were -----------------a – doctors b – nurses c – pilots d – hunters11 - ----------------------control what living things will be like.a – Genes b – fans c – fans d – heart12 – To modify the genes of plants and animals is called----------------a – Genetic engineering b – civilization c – starvation d – parking13 – As -----------------as I am concerned, GM food can be useful.a – long b – far c – soon d – many14 – My friend ,---------------------a pilot, has always loved flying.a – who is b – whose c – where d – which15 – My brother, ----------------friend is a Libyan engineer, lives in Tripoli.a – who b – who is c – whose d – when16 - ----------------warming means the rise in the heat of the universe.a – Global b – Globalization c – Glob d - Gold4 – Find the mistakes and write the sentence correctly:1 – Chemical fertilizers are organic.2 – This is the girl who father is a farmer.3 – They suffer from thirst , there is no food.4 – He have been watching TV.

5 – He never is late.6 – He will help us, will he? 5 – Read the passage then answer the questions: When Guy de Maupassant arrived in the French capital during the early 1870s, Paris was one of the most exciting cities in the modern world. Many of its narrow streets, with their old houses in the poorer parts of the city, had been knocked down in the 1840s and replaced by wide streets with beautiful new buildings . These were much healthier for people to live in. New railway lines brought thousands of people into the city everyday to work in the growing industries. The Eiffel Tower opened in 1889 and brought thousands of tourists into Paris , which was already an important centre of artists and writers. The first line of Paris Metro opened in 1890, attracting even more visitors.A ) Give short answers to the following questions :1 – When did Maupassant move to Paris?2 – What does the word " these " mean ?3 – When was the first line of Paris Metro opened?B ) Choose the correct answer from a , b , c or d :4 – When were parts of Paris built?a – in the 1840s b – in the 1870s c – in the 1880s d – in the 1890s 5 – What does the word Metro mean ?a – private transport b – a meeting place c – a bus root d – an underground railway

6 – The Novel1 – Answer the following questions :1- What happened to the archaeologists at the site?2 – Why did Ayman print out Dr Shereen's e-mail?2 – Complete the following sentences:1 – Colonel Mikhail was --------------------------------------------2 – People wouldn't stay in hotels if -----------------------------3 – Read the quotation then answer the questions: " You don't want to worry people unnecessarily , do you ?"1 – Who said this and to whom?2 – What would worry people?

7 – Writing

Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:Organic and inorganic farming

8 – TranslationA ) Translate into Arabic :All living things contain genes which control what they will be like. Now scientists can modify plants and animals' genes to change their characteristics and this is called " Genetic engineering " .B ) Translate into English :

. وراثيا المعدلة المكونات من العديد على نتناولها التي األطعمة تحتوي ؟ الوراثية الهندسة ضد أم مع أنت هل– 2