THIRD ASSIGNMENT

URBAN GOVERNANCE

CHENNAI

MICHELLE2140400010

Submitted by

Q1. Draw a flowchart/diagram/figure to describe the structure and functioning of the urban local body of any one of the following cities

Answer: CHENNAIThe spread of the region:

1687

Municipal finance first introduced when corporation levied direct taxes

1726

Corporation substituted by a mayor’s council for providing local amenities

1882

The provincial government and local government functions were divided to raise the funds of local bodies by themselves.

1919

Madras municipality act-elections and local bodies were empowered to form their own budgets.

1884

Madras village panchayat act- a three tier system (panchayat,taluk and district boards)

1972Madras Metropolitan Development Authority Constituted as an ad-hoc body

1974

Madras Metropolitan Development Authority

History of Chennai municipal corporation:

CHENNAI POLITICS

Number of MLAs30 (235)

% of MLAs in State13%

Number of MPs6 (39)

% of MPs in state 14%

% of state electorate 14%

City Wards 200

EXECUTIVE

Mayor

Deputy Mayor

Standing Committee(Taxation and Finance)

Standing Committee(Appointments)

Standing Committee(Town Planning)

Standing Committee(Health)

Standing Committee(Works)

Standing Committee(Accounts and Audit)

CMDA is giving grant assistance to Local Bodies within Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), in order to improve infrastructure facilities like roads, streetlights, improvement of burial ground, and purchase of vehicles for water supply, sewage disposal and solid waste management. CMDA allots about Rs. 2 crores average per year for assistance under this programme.

Core city:In 2010 , Chennai MC expanded by merging 9 municipalities, 8 TPs and 25 Panchayats; area expanded from 174 sqkm to 430 sqkm

Region:Expansion proposal from the current 1189 sq km, to include substantialparts ofThiruvallore and Kancheepuram districts, up to an area of 8000 sq km.

Chennai passed the draft rules in August 2005. Metropolitan Planning Committee not constituted till date(demand s unified framework for decentralisation ).

CHENNAI ADMINISTRATION

Urban Rural District Others

Municipal Corp.

Municipality

Town Panchayat

Census Town

Village

SEZs3

1

16

20

11

214

22• Chennai District• Part of Thiruvallur

District• Part of Kancheepuram

District

CMDA

Hon’ble Minister for Housing and Urban Development

Vice- Chairman, CMDA

Member-Secretary, CMDA

Secretary to Government H&UD

Secretary to Government, Finance Dept.

Secretary to Government, Industries Dept.

Secretary to Government, Transport Dept.

Commissioner, Corporation of Chennai

Managing Director CMWSS Board

Director , Town & Country Planning

Chief Urban Planner , CMDA

Chief Engineer, Highways & Rural Works Department

Chief Architect to Government

Joint Director, Town & Country Planning

Chairman, Tamilnadu Housing Board

Chairman Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board

Member of the State Legislative Assembly

Representatives of Local Bodies in CMA

Member-Secretary Tamil nadu Pollution Control Board

MEMBERS

SPECIAL INVITEE

2 Members

4 Members

Local bodies covered under the CMA are chennai corporation, 16 municipalities 20 town panchayats and 214 villages covered in 10 panchayats unions

CORPORATIO N OF CHENNAI

Parks

Roads

Health

Bridges

Building

Revenue

Electrical

Education

Town Planning

Land & Estates

Small Savings

Storm Water Drain

Mechanical Engineering

Soild Waste Management

• Development of Open Spaces

• Canal banks• Traffic Islands• Central Medians• Avenue Trees• Watering• Play Fields

Bus route roadsFootpathsTraffic Centre MediansProposed Traffic Improvements

• Birth & Death• Communicable

Diseases• District Family

Welfare Bureau

Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board(CMWSSB), Tamil nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD)

• One of the municipalities, Pallavaramwas designated as the nodal ULB for planning, construction, O&M

• ULBs to undertake source segregation, collection and transportation

• Regional SWM facility in Chennai –Alandur, Pallavaramand Tambarammunicipalities have come together for solid waste management

• ULBs acquired a 50 acre site from State Revenue Department• Involvement of Private operator for developing and operating

regional facility

(MTC, Southern Railway, CMRL, STA, CPT, AAI )

TNEB

TNSCB, Tamil Nadu Housing Board

TIDCO,SIPCOT

DEPARTMENTS

Chennai district consists of five Taluks with no revenue divisions. Therefore few Deputy Collectors have been designated as Sub Divisional  Magistrate for the their jurisdictions

CHENNAI DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION

District Revenue Officer

Deputy Commissioner (Excise) in the cadre of District Revenue Officer

District Revenue Officer( Stamps).

Personal Assistant (General) to the Collector of Chennai

Additional Personal Assistant to the Collector of Chennai

Personal Assistant (ULT) to the Collector of Chennai

Personal Assistant (Accounts) to the Collector of Chennai

Special Deputy Collector (Social Security Schemes

Special Deputy Collector(Colour TV Schemes)

Special Deputy Collector (Relief and Rehabilitation)

District Inspection Cell Officer

Manager TAHDCO in the cadre of Deputy Collector

District Adi Dravida & Tribal Welfare Officer

District Backward Classes & Minorities Welfare Officer

Personal Assistant (Survey) to the Collector of Chennai

Personal Assistant(Legal) to the Collector of Chennai

Tondiarpet Taluk and Purasawalkam Taluk

Perambur Taluk and Ayanavaram Taluk

Egmore Taluk and Aminjikarai Taluk

Mylapore Taluk and Velachery Taluk

Mambalam Taluk and Guindy Taluk

District magistrate

Additional District

Magistrate

Collector

District revenue officer

as

as

Commissioner of Police Maintenance of law and order

Assistant Commissioners

The Civil Supplies and essential commodities

Commissioner CorporationDevelopmental activities

Collector has no voice

DISTRICT COLLECTOR -CHAIRPERSON

Moneagre Choultry

District Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen's Board

Sales Tax Advisory Committee

House Building Advance Committee

Hindu Kust Nivaran Sangh

District Co-ordination Committee on Vocational Guidance & Employment Counseling meeting

Operation Polio Programme

Natioinal Youth Award - Selection.

Leprosy Eradication Committees.

Paymaster - Carnatic Stipend.

District Child Labour Rehabilitation cum Welfare Society

Committee to examine fairness of submission made by Employment Exchange.

DISTRICT COLLECTOR -PRESIDENT

Muslim Women Aids Society

Chennai District Red Cross Society

DISTRICT COLLECTOR -MEMBER

The Voluntary Health Services

Legal Advisory Committee

Fishing Harbour Constitution Committee Governing Council of the Victoria Technical Institute

Legal Aid Council

St. John Ambulance

Anti T.B. Association

Tamil Nadu Science & Technology (Planetarium)

Southern Railway Consultative Committee

Crimes Against Women- Advisory Committee

District Examination Committee ( formation of vigilance squad )

Q3. Metropolitan cities in India suffer from ‘good governance deficits’. Discuss any one of the following metropolitan cities and provide supporting flowchart, diagram/map or figures where ever necessary. Elaborate upon any one best practice in your city.Answer: CHENNAI

Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA), introduction of e-governance at ULB levels for fast addressing and reduction of time proved to be failed in the project audit

Non-reduction in time taken in processing Planning Permission Applications

Non-integration of Automated Planning Permission Application Software with e-Governance System

Non-achievement of planned

objectives

Failure to revise the property tax assessment resulted in loss of revenue of ` 61 lakh.

• Defective planning of flood control works led to delay and increased cost thereby defeating objective of the scheme to avoid flooding in Chennai.

• Original capacity of tanks was not restored due to ineffective enforcement of Act for eviction of encroachments.

• Water Resources Management remains unachieved even after lapse of three years since establishment of SWaRMA, an agency constituted for this purpose.

Application of incorrect rate of taxCollection of tax at ` 80 per seat per quarter in respect of stage carriage buses operated by MTC beyond the contiguous areas of Chennai Metropolitan area, instead of at ` 400 per seat per quarter resulted in short collection of motor vehicle tax of ` 36.58 lakh.

Water Supply Department Short assessment of Property Tax

Water Supply Department Road and transport Department

CASE STUDY:1 Transparent Chennai, an action research project on urban governance, surveyed and mapped 49 public toilets in Zone 4 in the northern part of Chennai.

slum colonies

Toilet

FAILURE OF GOVERNANCE IN CHENNAI METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE BOARD (CMWSSB)

STUDY RESULTS• Despite the apparent need for sanitation in the city, more than half of the toilets in the zone

were barely used by women and children

Alarming lack of data on toilets at the agencies

Responsibility for toilet construction and maintenance

Failures of public

toilet provision

REASONS FOR

FAILURE

Toilets away from areas of greatest need

Found in areas with very little foot-traffic, away from bus stops, market areas, and informal sector workplaces

Clustered in the southeast corner of the Zone, there were no toilets in the northwest corner despite the presence of many slums, informal sector workplaces and market areas.

Buildings Department(primary body)

Responsible for the toilet structures

Lacked details of centralized record of toilets in the city

Zonal officeDirected

TOILET GOVERNANCE DEFICIT MAPPING

Engineering department

572 toilets

RTI listed 714 toilets

Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board

Provides water and sewer lines

Chennai Slum Clearance Board Provides

hygienic conditions for slum-dwellers

Slum Clearance Board does not share its data about declared and undeclared slums with the Corporation, which means that toilets are often built with no relationship to existing settlements of the poor.

• Poor quality of existing city level data

• The unwillingness of city agencies to share this limited data with one another

• Improving equity, efficiency and accountability in service provision, a prerequisite is rich public

BEST PRACTICECMDA'S GRANT ASSISTANCE TO THE LOCAL BODIES

Local Bodies Assistance Programme (LAP) &Community Based Environment Development Programme (CBED)

CMDA's grant assistance under LAP is given for the following projects / Schemes:(a) Road improvements (not involving land acquisition).(b) Provision of Street lights(c) Water Supply (Purchase of water tanker lorries / digging of open wells / bore wells /Construction of Over Head Tank /Laying of Water pipe lines)(d) Sewage disposal (purchase of sewage tanker lorries / tractors with sewage tankers)(e) Construction of Storm water drains / culverts and(f) Solid Waste Management (Purchase of lorries / tractors / power tillers with trailers)

Environmental projects funded under CBED Programme are,(a) Improvement to the existing parks / playfield(b) Improvement to the existing burial / burning grounds(c) Desilting of lakes / ponds / tanks to augment water supply and improve the ground water table(d) Rain water harvesting and tree planting(e) Construction / renovation of toilets and other environmental improvements in thegovernment schools(f) Solid Waste Management(g) Construction of storm water drains(h) Construction of common utility buildings and(i) Any other projects with an objective to improve the local environment

CBED Projects implemented within the Chennai Metropolitan Area are with CMDA grant and community contribution

Enable the participation of the community

Ensure full stakeholder participation

Common platform for the community to work together

Help in capacity building at the local level

Ensure better maintenance and utilization of the assets created

OBJECTIVES OF CBED

Headed by the Vice-Chairperson, CMDA accords sanction to theproject proposals sent by the local bodies within the CMA, and the cost sharing for the projects are asfollows:

CMDA Grant … 80% (maximum)Local Body Contribution … 10% (minimum)Community Contribution … 10% (minimum)