uy ;eme,a yf,a ,shdmÈxÑ … · 02 msgqjg qd/44/mqj;a/2018 uy ;eme,a yf,a ,shdmÈxÑ wxlh...
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02 msgqjg
QD/44/mqj;a/2018uy ;eme,a yf,a ,shdmÈxÑ wxlh
mqj;am;la f,i Y%S ,xldfõ ,shdmÈxÑ lrk ,§ msgq 16 fldgia 2
2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod31 ldKavh 47 m;%h
ñ, re' 40'00
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04msgqj
2 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
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Tyqf.a fndfyda lúj, iy kdgHhkays tys yrh imqrd .eíjqKs' tu jpkh fh¥ tlu ldjHh
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2018'02'14
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miq.sh m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfhka miqj rð;a lS¾;s f;kakfldaka uy;df.a l%shdl,dmh ue;sjrK ksÍlaIlfhl=f.a N+ñldjg fkd.e,fmk nj;a" ksÍlaIl kshuhka iy wdpdr O¾u j,g mgyeks nj;a" ue;sjrK úYaf,aYlfhl= f,i iy ksÍlaIlfhl= f,i mej;sh hq;= uOHia:Ndjh w;yer iy$fyda fkdi,ld yer ta uy;d lghq;= lrk ,o nj;a" wmf.a ksÍlaIKh fõ'
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tfukau j¾I 2018 lajQ fmrjdÍ ui 13 jk Èk WoEik rEmjdyskS kd,sldjl úfYaI iÔj jevigyklg iïnkaO jQ rð;a lS¾;s f;kakfldaka uy;d tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfha wNHka;r foaYmd,k w¾nqohla iïnkaOfhka ksÍlaIK ixúOdkhl m%Odksfhl= f,i fkdl< hq;= ueÈy;aula iy$fyda woyia oelaùula isÿ lrk ,§' 2018 m,d;a md,k ue;sjrKh i|yd ksÍlaIK ixúOdk fj; Tn fldñIka iNdj úiska ksl=;a lrk ,o kshukhka yS 05 jk iy 07 jk j.ka;sh wkqj lsishï mlaIhla" wfmalaIfhl= m%j¾Okh jk fyda w.;shg m;a jk m%ldYhla ksl=;a lsÍu fkdl< hq;a;la fukau yeisÍfuka iy l%shdl,dmfhka o ;u wmlaImd;SNdjh b;d oeäj m%o¾Ykh l< hq;= fõ'
Tn fldñIka iNdj úiska kshdukhka yS tfia i|yka lr ;snqKo f;kakfldaka uy;df.a by; lS l%shdl,dmh lsisfia;au wkqu; l< fkdyelalla jk w;r th krUkafkl=g tlS jevigyfka wka;¾.;h tla foaYmd,k jHdmD;shl fldgila nj yeÕShdu fkdje<elaúh yels ;;ajhla fõ'
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f;kakfldaka uy;df.a by; lS l%shdl,dmh fya;=fjka iajdëk ue;sjrK ksÍlaIK wdh;khkays wmlaImd;SNdjh iïnkaOfhka uyck úYajdih oeä f,i ì|jefgk nj;a" tu wdh;kj, ld¾hNdrh wj;lafiare jk nj;a" tlS ksÍlaIK wdh;kj,g wjirh ,ndfok ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdfõo ls¾;skduh iïnkaOfhka n,mEï iy.; ldrKhla jk nj;a Tn fj; okajd isákq leue;af;uq'
ta wkqj Tn fldñIka iNdfõ wjir,;a ksÍlaIK ixúOdkhl m%Odksfhl= f,i f;kakfldaka uy;df.a l%shdl,dmh iïnkaOfhka fidhdn,k f,i;a" hï kshdukhla$kshdukhka W,a,x>Kh lsÍula fy,sorõ jkafka kï kS;s m%ldrj lghq;= lrk f,i;a b,a,d isáuq'
fuhg úYajdiS"
f,alï"
Y%S ,xld ;reK ckudOHfõ§kaf.a ix.uh
YS%,kalka .=jka iud.u ñyska ,xld .=jka iud.u iy YS% ,kalka
flagßka iud.fï isÿù we;s ¥IK jxpd fiùu i|yd m;a l<
ckdêm;s fldñifï idudðlhskag m;aùï ,sms m%odkh miq.shod
ckdêm;sjrhd úiska ckdêm;s ld¾hd,fha § isÿlrkq ,enqKs'
úY%du ,;a fYa%IaGdêlrK úksiqre iqks,a .=Kr;ak fuu fldñifï
iNdm;sjrhd jk w;r úY%du,;a wNshdpdkdêlrK úksiqre
B'ta'Ô'wd¾' wurfialr úY%du,;a uydêlrK úksiqre mshfiak
rKisxy úY%du,;a ksfhdacH ú.kldêm;s tï' ã' i¾ yer,aâ hk
uy;ajre o ú.kl m%.;s iólaIK uKav,fha wOHlaI ví'fÊ'fla
.S.kf.a fukúh fuys fiiq idudðlhka fõ'
Y%S ,kalka ñyska ,xld ¥IK fiùfï fldñiu m;aflf¾
foaYmd,k w¾nqoh yuqfõ
remshf,a w.h ;j ;j;a wj
m%udKh fjñka mj;sk w;r
fvd,rfha úl=Kqï ñ, remsh,a
156$74 njg m;a j ;sìKs'
fï wkqj ish¨ úfoaY uqo,a
yuqfõ remshf,a w.h iS>% f,i
my< hñka mj;sk w;r iag¾,ska
mjqul úl=Kqï ñ, remsh,a 218'84
la f,i;a hqfrdamhg idfmalaIs;
j tys úl=Kqï ñ, remsh,a 194' 97
la njg m;aj we;'
rg ;=< foaYmd,k ia:djr
njla fmkakqï lrk f;la fï
;;a;ajh È.g u mj;sk nj
wd¾Ól úYaf,aIlhkaf.a u;h
fõ'
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01 msgqfjka''lef*a wOHlaIlf.a l%shdl,dmh
fï w¾nqo w;r tcdm ksfhdacH
kdhl ið;a fm%auodi uy;d
mlaIh ;=< ;u n,h ;yjqre
lr.ekSu i|yd w¨;a jghlska
jev wdrïN lr we;s nj o
jd¾;d fõ'
01 msgqfjkatcdm wNHka;r
3 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
ck;dj wdKavqfõ lKg .eyqfõ wehs@
miq.shod meje;s m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfhka
hymd,k wdKavqj mj;ajdf.k .sh YS%','ks'mh;a"
t'cd'mh;a wka; mrdchlg m;a fldg uE;l §
u;= jQ YS% ,xld fmdÿck fmruqK ch.%yKh lr
;sfí'
hymd,k wdKavqj msysgq jQfha meje;s uyskao
rdcmlaI md,kfha jerÈj,g tfrysj h' ¥IKh"
jxpdj" uyck foafmd< wjNdú;h wdÈh j,lajk
njg;a" jerÈ l<jqkag o~qjï fok nj;a" úOdhl
ckdêm;s Oqrh wfydais fldg kj wdKavql%u
jHjia:djla f.k tk njg;a" m%cd;ka;%jdoh
iqrlsk njg;a" cd;Ska w;r ixys¢hdj we;s lrk
njg;a" wd§ fmdfrdkaÿ lkaordjla rg yuqfõ
;enqfõ h'
Bg tlÕ jQ ck;dj hymd,k wdKavqj msysgqùu
i|yd 2015 ckjdß 08 fjks Èk Pkaoh mdúÉÑ lr
hymd,k wdKavqjlg wkque;sh ÿkafka h'
kuq;a .; jQ jir ;=k ;=< wdmiq yeÍ n,k
úg" fmkS .sfha fï ish,a,u wi;H fmdfrdkaÿ
njhs' ¥IK jxpd k;r lsÍu fjkqjg YS% ,xld
uy nexl=fõ uqo,a fld,a, lEfõ h' m%cd;ka;%
úfrdaë f,i m<d;a md,k Pkaoh fkmj;ajd
l,a ouñka isáfha h' rfÜ iïm;a iy foafmd<
úl=Kqfõ h' oßø;dj by< .sfha h' wOHdmkh"
fi!LH wd§ fCIa;%j, iy jD;a;Sh iñ;s fCIa;%j,
úfrdaO;d È.ska È.g u t,a, úh' tajd wudkqIsl
f,i u¾okh lrkakg úh' 77-94 t'cd'm wdKavq
iuh isys .kajñka f;,a ixia:d fiajl j¾ckhg
fmd¨" uq.=re .;a uerhska tõfõ h' f;,a gexls
ál úl=Kqfõ h' yïnkaf;dg jrdh úl=Kqfõ h'
ixj¾Okh k;r lf<a h' ck;djf.a wdodhï wvq
úh' /lS rlaId wvq úh' l¾udka; jeiS .sfha h'
fmdfydr iykdOdrh lmamdÿ lf<a h' mdi,a
ks, we÷ï i|yd frÈ ,nd§u k;r lr jõp¾
,nd§fuka fouõmshka wiSre;djhg m;a lf<a
h' iy,a ms<sn| m%Yak rdYshla we;slr .;af;a h'
fmd,a m%Yakhg úi÷ï fkdÿkafka h' iajdNdúl
wdmodj,g ,lajQjkg iyk ksishdldr j ,nd§ug
wfmdfydi;a úh' úOdhl ckdêm;s Oqrh wfydais
fldg kj jHjia:djla ia:dms; lrk njg jQ
fmdfrdkaÿj fuf;la bgq fkdlf<a h'
tneúka ck;dj ksYaYíoj isg ue;sjrK Èkfha
§ weÕg m;g fkd±kS w;s úYd, j Pkaoh m%ldY
lf<da h' bka w;s nyq;rh ysgmq ckdêm;s tkï"
hymd,kh msysgqùug fya;= jQ idOlh jk uyskao
rdcmlaI uy;df.a kdhl;ajfhka w¨;ska msysgqjd
.;a YS% ,xld fmdÿck fmruqKg Pkaoh ,nd §
m<d;a md,k wdh;k w;s nyq;rhla ch.%yKh
lr ;sfí'
rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d kdhl;ajh ÿkak o
t'cd'mhg n,h ,nd.; yels jQfha iq¿ m<d;a md,k
wdh;k .Kkls' ckdêm;sjrhd kdhl;ajh ÿka
YS%','ks'm hg iy fmd't'fm g o ,nd.; yels jQfha
w,am ch.%yKhls'
fuhska lshfjkafka l=ula o@ jir 03 lg miq
hymd,k wdKavqj fï ;rï ck;djg tmd jQfha
uka o@ 2015 ckjdß 08 fjks Èk fï ish¨ n,fõ.
tl;= ù n,fhka my l< uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d
jgd h<s;a ck;dj frdo ne| .ekSug fya;=j l=ula
o@ úuiuq fujr —we;a;˜ ixjdo l,dmfhka'
ixjdo igyk( iqñ;a .,afyak
m%Odk mlaI ;=kgukdhlfhda fidhd .; hq;=hs
uypd¾h kjr;ak nKavdr
fuh m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKhla jqj;a" cd;sl ;,fha foaYmd,kh flfrys ;Èka u n,md
;sfnkjd' wdKavqfõ foaYmd,k mlaI fol jk t'cd'm fha iy YS%','ks'mfha kdhl;ajhg
;Èka ±ks, ;sfnkjd w¨;a wdKavqjla yeÈh hq;= ;ekg ±ka Tjqka m;a ù ;sfnkjd' fï jk úg;a" tu
mlaI fofla u ue;s weue;s;jre ckdêm;s jrhd jgd lerflkjd'
wdKavqjg fuf,i isÿjQfha wehs@ 2015 ckjdß 08 fjks Èk ,enqKq ckjru Yla;su;a j ls%hd;aul
lsßug fkdyels ù ;sfí' tu ksid ±ka tu mlaIj, lKavdhï ;=kg y;rg leä,d' ckdêm;sjrhd
YS%','ks'm whs;s Pkao 20] la muKhs r|jdf.k bkafka' t'cd'mfha Pkao mokug;a wNsfhda. t,a,
fj,d' uyskao rdcmlaI uy;df.a mlaIh ch.%yKh l<;a" Tyqg kej;;a ckdêm;s Oqrhg tkak
neye' fï ksid m%Odk mlaI ;=kg u wo isoaO fj,d ;sfnkjd 2020 i|yd w¨;a kdhlhska fidhd
.ekSug' fï jHjia:dj fjkia jQfha ke;akï fï m%Yak tu ish¨u mlaIj,g we;s fjkjd'
md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKhla ±ka u mj;ajkakg neye' tfia jqjukd kï" md¾,sfïka;=fõ 2$3 n,h
we;s j iïu; lr.; hq;=hs' bka wk;=rejhs ckdêm;sg md¾,sfïka;=j úiqre úh yels jkafka' ke;s
j neye'
fï jk úg" ckdêm;sjrhd t'cd'm'hg § ;sfnk wjirh ke;akï úl,amh ;uhs' w¨;a kdhlfhla
,ndfok f,i' ta w;r YS%','ks'm h o fjku wdKavqjla yok nj lshkjd' kuq;a" Tjqkg úYd, uka;S%
ixLHdjla wjYH fjkjd' t'cd'mhg wjYH ;j;a uka;S%jre 06 fofkl= muKhs' fï yryd rg uOHfha
w¾nqohla we;s lr ;sfnkjd'
ckdêm;sjrhd 2020 g h<s;a hkjd kï" 2015 ckjdß 08 ckjrug wkqj lghq;= lrkakg fjkjd'
Tyq tod lsõjd úOdhl ckdêm;s Oqrh wfydais lr,d f.!rjfhka f.or hk nj' kuq;a tfyu
hkakg leue;s njla fmfkkakg keye'
ta w;r md¾,sfïka;=fõ nyq;rh fï ish,a,u yodf.k wdKavqj f.k .sh;a fujr m<d;a md,k
ue;sjrKfha cku;hg wkqj" t'cd'mhg iy YS%','ks'mhg È.g u wdKavq f.k hdu iqcd; Ndjfhka
f;drhs'
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kef.kysr m%foaY fjku;a" ol=Kq m%foaYj, fjku;a fï nj fmfkkjd' th krl ;;a;ajhla'
tkï" ckjd¾.sl ixys¢hdjla we;s lsÍug fkdyels fj,d' kuq;a fï w;r YS%','ks'm hï uÜgulska
W;=r kef.kysr m%foaYj, id¾:l;ajhla fmkakqï lr ;sfnkjd'
±ka ´ku wdKavqjlg isoaO fjkjd ¥IKfhka f;drj ls%hd lsÍug" tfia fkdjqj fyd;a" h<s;a
ck;dj ;SrKh .kakjd lshk tl;a fï Pkao m%;sM, úiska fmkajd § ;sfnkjd'
wdKavqj l< foa iy fkdl< foaj,a ksid merÿkd
fÊ' lÓldpd¾h Oïu Èidkdhl
m<d;a md,k ue;sjrK m%;sM,j,ska fmkakqï lrkafka mj;sk wdKavqj flfrys ;sfnk ck;d
wm%idohhs' ´kEu wdKavqjla wjqreÿ 08 la 09 la 10 la l,a.; jk úg" tu wdKavqj, jerÈ
,ehsia;=jla tkjd' tys § ck;dj l,amkd lrkjd fujeks jerÈ fkdlrk fjk;a wdKavqjla wjYH
nj' ta wkqj" ;uhs meje;s uyskao rdcmlaI md,kh flfrys o u;=jqfka' kuq;a fï wdKavqj wjqreÿ
09 la hk úg" fï ;rï wm%idohg ,la jQfha flfia o@
2015 ckjdß 09 jeksod n,hg m;a jQ j;auka wdKavqj tod n,hg m;a jQfha rfÜ ol=fKa nyq;r m%foaY
chf.k fkdfõ' W;=r kef.kysr iq¿ ck Pkao nyq;rh ;uhs fmdÿ ckdêm;s wfmalaIlhdf.a
ch.%yKhg fya;=j' t'cd'mh fyda fmdÿ wfmalaIlhdf.a n,fõ. fkdfõ' tu ckdêm;s jrKfha §
51] l iuia; rfÜ Pkao m%udKhla ,nd .ekSfuka ckdêm;s f,i m;a úh yelshs'
kuq;a fuu m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfha § fldÜGdY uÜgñka Pkaoh meje;ajQjd' tys § ck;d ;Skaÿj
yßyeá meyeÈ,s j m%;s ìïnkh fjkjd' W;=r kef.kysr yereKq úg" ol=fKa úYd, m%foaYhl jeã
md,k tall wdKavqj merÿkd'
ula ksid o h;a ck;djf.a me;af;ka l,amkd lr n,k úg" 2015 ckjdß 08 ckdêm;sjrKfha
§ ÿka fmfrdkaÿ wkqj n,hg m;a ù fkdlrk ,o ls%hdjka iy lrk ,o ls%hdjka ys m%;sM, ;uhs
wdKavqj fï wdldrfhka ,nd .;af;a'
Ôjk úhou jeäùu" wd¾Ólh ia:djr lsÍug fkdyelsùu foaYmd,k" iudc w¾nqo nrm;, lsÍu"
ckj¾. w;r iduh we;s lsÍug fkdyels ùu wd§ lreKq /ila ms<sn| ck;djf.a wm%idoh ,nd
;snqKd'
ta jf.a u wdKavqj úiska lrk ,o iuyr ls%hd ksid o ck;d wm%idoh ,nd ;snqKd' 2015 ckjdß
08 meje;sfha md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKhla fkdj ckdêm;sjrKhla' kuq;a ckdêm;sjrKfha § fmdÿ
wfmalaIlhd chf.k ta fudfydf;a u md¾,sfïka;=fõ wdik 43 la jeks iq¿;rhla ysñ j ;snQ
t'cd'mfha kdhlhd w.ue;s njg m;a l<d' tu md¾,sfïka;=j úlD;shla' ta jf.a u 2015 wf.daia;=
uy ue;sjrKfha § mrdchg m;a jQ wfmalaIlhka kej;;a cd;sl ,ehsia;=fjka md¾,sfïka;=jg
f.k weu;slï mjd ,nd ÿkakd' fïjd ck;d wm%idohg fya;= jqKd'
;j o 2015 wf.daia;= ue;sjrKfha § t'cd'm'h iy t'c'ks'i w;r m%;súreoaO u; bÈßm;a lrñka
wiuÕshla fmkakqï l< o ue;sjrKfhka miqj fomsßi iuÕsj wdKavqj f.k hk whqre ck;dj
ÿgqjd' uy nexl= ne÷ïlr jxpdj .ek .ïuÜgñka mjd ixfõ§ jqKd' jHjia:djla wjYH jkafka
;sfnk m%Yakj,g W;a;r imhd .ekSug jqj;a" fudjqka jHjia:djla f.k tAug ie,iqï lf<a ;ukaf.a
foaYmd,k n,h /l.ekSug nj;a fmkqKd' fmdÿ foafmd< úl=Kñka kS;sh yd iduh mj;ajd f.k
hdfï § wdKavqj l< lS foaj,a" md;d,h ysi tiùu iy th u¾okh lsÍug wfmdfydi;a ùu hkd
§ lreKq ;Èka u n,mEjd'
ol=fKa w;s nyq;r m%foaYj, Ôj;a jk ck;dj ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d flfrys
wdl¾Ykhla jeä leue;a;la 2015 ckjdß 08 ckdêm;sjrKfha § o olakg ,enqKq w;r fï jk
úg" tu wdl¾Ykh iy ckms%h;dj jeä ù ;snqKd' ta fya;=j, M,h f,i ;uhs wdKavqj mj;ajdf.k
.sh t'cd'm" YS%','ks'm" t'c'ks'i ck;djf.ka m%;slafIam ù uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d kdhl;ajh ,nd
ÿka YS%','fmd'c' fmruqK ch.%yKh lf<a'
4 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
foaYmd,k ,shqïlre úisks
ñka fmr ;snQ mqxÑ
ue;sjrKj,g jvd fuu
ue;sjrKfhka lemS fmkqk
,laIK fudkjd o@
I. Pkaoh ÿka m%;sY;h
75]-85] w;r m%udKhla ùu
lsisfjla wfmalaId fkdlf<a h'
II. idfmalaI j msßisÿ
ksoyia iy idOdrK
ue;sjrKhla ùu'
III. m<uqjrg ue;sjrK
fldñiula úiska ue;sjrKh
fufyhùu'
IV. kS;sfha wdêm;Hh ±ä
f,i ls%hd;aul ùu'
V. foaYmd,k mlaIj,
Wmßu iyfhda.h ,eîu'
VI. rdcH fiajdj iajdëk j
ls%hd;aul lsÍu'
ta wkqj" 1931 § i¾jck
Pkaoh wdrïN ùfuka miq"
meje;s m<uq jk ksoyia msßisÿ
iy idOdrK ue;sjrKh
jYfhka fuu ue;sjrKh
ye¢kaúh yels h'
2017 foieïn¾ 21 jeksod
kdufhdackd Ndr .ekSfuka miq
2018 fmnrjdß 07 jeksod olajd
meje;s ue;sjrK jHdmdrh
idfmalaI j fmr ue;sjrKhg
jvd iduldó ùug m%n, f,i
n,mE idOlh jQfha ue;sjrK
l%ufha isÿ lrkq ,enQ fjki
h' fldÜGdY l%uh y÷kajd§u
iy ukdm l%uh wfydais
lsÍuhs'
fuu ue;sjrKfha § YS% ,xld
ksoyia mlaIh ;ksju;a" tlai;a
ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh iuÕ
ikaOdk.; ù lf<a uq¿ukska
u m%;s úreoaO wka;fha isáñks'
tu m%n, folvùu" ;ukag
ch.ekSug myiq u.la jYfhka
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh is;=j
o tu wfmalaIdj bgqjQfha
ke;' mqxÑ Pkaofha § Pkao
odhlhd ish úfrdaO;djh m<
lsÍug fufia Pkao ÿkakdg
uy ue;sjrKhl § fuka u
;SrKd;aul wjia:dj, § tfia
u yeisf¾ o lsj fkdyels h'
YS% ,xld ksoyia mlaIh wdKavq
mlaIfha u fldgila jQ fyhska"
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh fj;
m%;spdr ±la jQ wdldrhg Pkao
odhlhd YS% ,xld ksoyia mlaIh
fj; o ta wdldrfhka m%;spdr
jir fol yudrla mqk mqkd n, n,d isá m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKh ksudjg m;a úh' m%;sM, ksl=;a ù we;' th mqxÑ Pkaohla jqj o m%;sM,j,g wkqj th uy ue;sjrKhla
njg m;a j we;' uOHu wdKavqfõ meje;ajg u n,md we;s w¾nqohla m%;sM,h ;=<ska ks¾udKh ù ;sfí' wdKavql%u jHjia:d w¾nqohlg u. mE§ we;' ckdêm;s ysgmq ckdêm;sjre" w.ue;s" úmlaIkdhl wd§ foaYmd,k fCIa;%fhys iuia; kdhl;ajhu .fï uka;S%jrhd f;dark mqxÑ ue;sjrKhg lvd je§u ksid Pkao m%;sM,h cd;Hka;r iajrEmhla .;af;a h' wefußldkq iy bkaÈhdkq ;dkdm;sjre fl<ska u fuu w¾nqohg we;=,a ùfuka tys cd;Hka;r jeo.;alu o m%o¾Ykh lrkq ,en we;'
±lajQjd úh yels h'
ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK
md¾,sfïka;= fõÈldj ;u
m%pdrl lghq;= i|yd Wmßu
f,i fhdod.;a mlaIh fõ'
tfuka u ish¨ udOH ;=<ska
jeäu m%pdrhla ,nd .;af;a
o ck;d úuqla;s fmruqKhs'
m%;sY;h jYfhka úYd,
jeäùula fkd;snqk o wkqmd;
l%uh hgf;a úYd, uka;S%
ixLHdjla Èkd.ekSug c' ú' fm
iu;a úh'
uyskao rdcmlaI uy;df.a
kdhl;ajh hgf;a fmdÿck
fmruqK m%;sY;h jYfhka u
uka;S% wdik jYfhka o úYsIag
ch.%yKhla ,nd ;sfí' m<d;a
md,kfha § jeo.;a ch.%yKhla
jqj o cd;sl foaYmd,k
uÜgfuka .;a l< tu m%;sY;h
fmr meje;s uyd ue;sjrKhg
fuka u ckdêm;sjrKh ,o
m%;sY;hg wvq nj ms<s.; hq;=
h' tfia ùug n,mE idOlh"
iq¿;rfha ck fldgia ;ju;a
ÿria ù isàuhs' fuh fkdi,ld
yeßh yels idOlhla fkdfõ'
mqxÑ Pkaoh jYfhka .;a
l< m<uq jrg wksjd¾h
ldka;d ksfhdackhla ,eîu
m%cd;ka;%jdofha bÈß .ufka
;j;a bÈß mshjrls' i¾jck
Pkaohh ,enqk o .; jQ jir
87 ;=< § tjeks ksfhdackhla
iudch úiska ,nd§ug ;rï
wfma Pkao odhlhd ÈhqKq
;;a;ajhl fkdisá nj meyeÈ,s
h' foaYmd,kfha ldka;d
iyNd.s;ajh iSud ù ;snqKq o
;rul m%.;shla ,enqfõ jfï
jHdmdrh yryd h' kS;s mekùu
;=<ska hg;a msßfika 25] la j;a
,nd§ug .;a mshjr w.h lruq'
ta wkqj" fujr m<d;a md,k
fCIa;%hg foaYmd,k kjlhska
fooyila muK msúfikq we;'
kj ue;sjrK l%uh ksidu"
ldka;d Woafhda.h kxjd,Sug
yels úh' tu ksidu Pkaoh ÿka
m%;sY;h 80]-85] olajd jeä
jQ nj wfma ms<s.ekSuhs' m<d;a
md,k ue;sjrK m%;sM, foi
wdmiq yeÍ n,k úg" wmg ±l
.; yels jkafka 60]-65] l
m%;sY;hls' tfuka u uOHu
wdKavqfõ n,fha isák mlaIfha
u nyq;rhla f;aÍ m;a jQ njhs'
fujr th o fjkia úh'
fuu mqxÑ Pkaofha uq¿ rfÜ
u m%;sM,h .;a úg CIKsl
wjOdkh fhduq jQfha iuia;
rg jYfhka .;a l< tlai;a
cd;sl mlaIhg ,eî ;snqfka
32' 6] Pkao m%;sY;hla muK
h' fulS m%;sY;h we;eï
m%dfoaYSh iïm%odhdkql+, j
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh kd.ßl
m%foaYj, Yla;su;a nj wms ±k
isáfhuq' tfy;a" tlS m%foaYj,
mjd ;u Pkao moku CIh ù
f.dia ;sfí' óg n,md we;s
fya;= ljf¾ o@ m%Odk idOl
jYfhka ie,lsh yels idOl
jkafka ne÷ïlr u.äh" Ôjk
úhou iy ú/lshdjhs' .;
jQ jir ;=k tlai;a cd;sl
mlaIh ish¨ flakaøSh wud;HxY
md,kh l< o tajdhska isÿ jQ
fiajh uo fuka u
ukao.dó h' Bg ,enqk
m%;sls%hdjla Pkao nexl=j is£
hEu' tu Pkao úfrdaO;d Pkao
jYfhka fiiq mlaIj,g ÿka
nj lsj yels h'
YS% ,xld ksoyia mlaIh
folv ù fjk fjk u m%n,
kdhl;ajhka hgf;a ;rÕ
jeÿk m<uq wjia:djhs' 1960
ud¾;= fujeks wjia:djla jqj o
tod lKavdhula ;rÕ lf<a hQ'
weka' mS iuÕ ikaOdk .;ù h'
fuys § W;=r" kef.kysr iy
j;=lrfha § YS% ,xld ksoyia
mlaIh fujr ,nd we;s uka;S%
wdik ixLHdj Èß .ekafjk
iq¿ h' W;=r m<df;ka uka;S%
Oqr 40 la o kef.kysr m<df;a
uka;S% Oqr 68 la o ,nd we;'
m%.;sYS,S l|jqrg wh;a
B'mS'ã'mS h o úYd, wdik
ixLHdjla fujr Èkd f.k
;sfí' jdudxYsl mlaI B'mS'ã'mS
mlaIhg wdOdr ÿkafka h'
hqoaOfhka miq meje;a jQ
ue;sjrK ie,ls,a,g .;a l<
cd;sl iuÕshg jdis jkakd
jQ fuka u m%.;sYS,S n,fõ.
hka i|yd jQ ys;lr fldkafoais
ks¾udKh jk nj fmfka'
j¾Ordcd fmreud,af.a iudc
m%cd;ka;%jd§ mlaIh iy
wdkkao ix.Íf.a øúv tlai;a
úuqla;s fmruqK o fujr
W;=f¾ fuka u kef.kysr
m%dfoaYSh iNd uka;S% wdik
lSmhla u ch f.k we;'
j;=lrfha kqjrt<sh uy
k.r iNdj yereK úg"
fiiq m%dfoaYSh iy k.r iNd
ish,a, u f;dkavuka uy;df.a
kdhl;ajfhka YS%,ksmfha
wdOdr we;s j ikaOdkh
Èkdf.k ;sfí' ta wkqj"
W;=r-kef.kysr-j;=lrh ;=<
idOkSh foaYmd,k m%jk;d u;=
fjñka ;sfnkjd fmfka'
W;=f¾ wka;jd§ n,fõ.
oñ< ix.ufha fmdkakïn,ï
jgd frdla jk w;r fiiq
uOHia: u;OdÍ n,fõ. oñ<
ix.ufhka ÿria ù ;sfí'
m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKh
wjika jQ ú.i" tys m%;sM,fha
n,mEu t,a, ù we;af;a
cd;sl foaYmd,khg h'
m%;sM,fha n,h u; msysgd
uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d
md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yer
jydu uy ue;sjrKhla
mj;ajk f,i b,a,d isà'
wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 19
jk ixfYdaOkhg wkqj"
md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yeÍfï
n,h ckm;sg we;af;a ke;'
Tyqg tu n,h ,efnkafka
jir 4 1$2 la ksud jQ ;efka §
h' wksla w;g" md¾,sfïka;=j
úiqrejd yeÍu wjYH kï" ta
i|yd uka;S%jrekaf.ka ;=fkka
foll Pkaoh wjYH h' ta
i|yd wjYH iydh ,nd .ekSu
t;rï myiq fkdjkq we;'
tfia kï" l< hq;af;a" l<
yelafla l=ula o@
;ks mlaIhlg wdKavqjla
msysgqùug wjYH uka;S% ixLHdj
lsisÿ mlaIhlg ke;' l< yels
tlu foa ms,a udre lsÍu h' th
yer fjk;a úl,amhla ke;'
ms,a udre lsÍu i|yd wjYH
uqo,a ne÷ïlr u.äfhka Wmhd
we;ehs foaYmd,k ksÍlaIlfhda
fmkajd fo;s'
ta w;r YS% ,xld ksoyia mlaIh
o ;ks wdKavqjla msysgqùula
.ek l:d lrhs' msysgqjkafka
flfia ±hs ljqre;a fkdoks;s'
fkdlsh;s' ±ka we;af;a
jHjia:dodhlh ;=< w¾nqohls'
jHjia:dodhlfha w¾nqoh
úOdhlhg fuka u wêlrKhg
o n,mdkq we;' w¾nqoh
wrdðl;ajh lrd j¾Okh ùug
bv ;sfí'
idlÉPd ud¾.fhka m%Yak
úi|d,Sfï foaYmd,k
ixialD;shla wm rg ;=< ke;'
ckdêm;s ;=ud" ;u mlaIfha
kdhlhskag lshd isáfha
;uka ±fkk fjkila lrk
njhs' tu fjki l=ula±hs wms
fkdoksuq'
fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a ne֕lr
u.äh we;=¿ ish¨ kvq yn
ksud lr,Sfï fldkafoaishla
u; w¾nqoh myiqfjka úi|d,sh
yels nj muKla wms oksuq'
tfia jqj fyd;a" ÿka Pkaofha
jákdlug l=ula fõ o@
m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKh wjika
jQ ú.i" tys m%;sM,fha n,mEu
t,a, ù we;af;a cd;sl foaYmd,khg h' m%;sM,fha n,h u; msysgd uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d
md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yer jydu uy
ue;sjrKhla mj;ajk f,i b,a,d isà'
wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 19 jk ixfYdaOkhg wkqj" md¾,sfïka;=j
úiqrejd yeÍfï n,h ckm;sg we;af;a
ke;'
5 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
wdrdê;hdf.aflf ld,u
uydpd¾h kjr;ak nKavdr
w¨;a ck;djla m;a lr .; hq;=j ;sfí 2
by; ud;Dldfjka ,shjqKq miq.sh i;sfha ,smsfha iïmsKvkh
jQfha z;ukaf.a ckjd¾.sl;ajh rc lrjkakg W;aidy lrñka
ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,kfha ksr;ùfuka wfma nyq;r ck;djg ;E.s jYfhka
¥Is; rdcHhla Wreuù ;sfnk w;r tys m%;smlaI ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,kfha
ksr; ù isák iq¿;r ck;djkag th o~qju f,i ,eî ;sfnk njh'Z fï
ish,a, fufia isÿfjoaÈ ¥Is; foaYmd,khkag yqf¾ ouñka ck;dj Tjqka
miqmi hk neúka wo l< hq;af;a md,lhka m;a lr .ekSu fkdj w¨;a
ck;djla m;a lr .ekSu hhs tys i|yka lf<ñ'
oeka isÿjkafka ksfhda ,snr,ajd§ m%;sm;a;s l%shdjg k.ñka úYaùh
m%d.aOkh fuys le|jñka ¥IKhg mdr lmd .kakd w;r wfma foaYmd,lhka
udrefjka udrejg tu úfoaY m%d.aOkfha wd.ukh ;jÿrg;a idudkH
ckhdf.a ckjd¾.sl wkdrlaIs;;djh weúiaiSug fhdod .ekSu h' fuhg
fya;=j tu wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;sj,ska Tjqkaf.a Ôú; ;jÿrg;a wkdrlaIs;
lrñka ;sîuh' Tjqkaf.a wOHdmkh" fi!LH h iy iudc fiajd wdrlaIdj
iy;sl l< iudc whs;sjdislï fj<|m, NdKav njg m;a lrñka
zYla;sjka;hdg muKla Ôj;aùfïZ kHdh ̂ theory of survival of the fittest& iudc .; lrñka iEu wdKavqjlau 1977 isg fuu wkdrlaIs;;djh f.dv
ke.=fjda h' tfy;a ck;dj th f;areï f.k ke;' Tjqka th foi o
n,kafka ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,k udkfhks' mx;s foaYmd,k udkfhka
fkdfõ' ta ;rug Tjqkaj tu foaYmd,kh úiska ks¾úkaokh lr we;'
ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,kfha f.dÿre njg m;aù i;=re udkisl;ajhkag
ck;dj m;aùfï m%;sM,h jkafka cd;sh f.dv ke.Sfï kQ;k jHdmD;sh
ksoyi ,nd jir ye;a;Ejlg miqj o ksu fkdjQ ld¾hhla j mej;Su h'
Y%S ,xld rdcHh cd;sh njg m;a lr .ekSu id¾:l lsÍug fkdyelsùug
furg n,fha isá iy fkdisá iEu mlaIhlau mdfya j. lsjhq;= h' ish
ckjd¾.sl;ajh iy wd.u fm!oa.,sl fohla f,i ;nd f.k mqrjeishka
f,i iudk;ajfhka foaYmd,khg m%úYaGùug ck;djg u. fmkaùug
Tjqkag fkdyels úh' wjidkfha ish¨ md¾Yaj ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,kfha
f.dÿre njg m;ajQy' 1957 È isxy, muKla jHdmdrhg tfrysj ztla
NdIdjla rdcHhka folla - NdId folla tla rdcHhlaZ hk úYsIaG meyeÈ,s
lsÍu bÈßm;a l< furg jduxYh ;uka tod úreoaOjQ foh 1972 § jHjia:d
.; lsÍug yjq,a úh'
tu meyeÈ,s lsÍu u.ska lshjqkq mKsúvh b;d meyeÈ,sh' zrdcHh cd;sh
njg m;alr .; yelafla ck;djf.a m%lD; iïnkaO;d ms<sìUq lrk
ckjd¾.sl wkkH;djh fkd;ld yeÍfuka fkdfõ' rdcH m%;sm;a;s u.ska
tajd iudkd;au;djfhka ms<s.ekSfuka tajdfha m%;sksIamdokhg /ljrK
ie,iSfuksZ'
ish¨ ckj¾. iy wd.ï iudk;ajfhka ms<s.ksñka Tjqkaf.a ixj¾Okhg
wdOdr wkq.%y §u isÿlrkafka ke;s kï lsisÿ ckj¾.hl idudðlhl= tu
rdcHh mqrjeisNdjh ;ukaf.a fmdÿ wkkH;djh i|yd tl ys;lska fhdod
.kafka ke;' rdcHh ;u ixialD;sl wkkH;djh iudk;au;djfhka
ms<s.kafka ke;skï isÿjkafka rdcHh iy tu ckjd¾.sl;ajhka w;r
.egqï we;sùu h' tys m%;sM,h jkafka ;u ckjd¾.sl;ajh foaYmd,kh
fj;g f.k taug tajdfha idudðlhkaj fmd<Ujd .ekSug n,f,daNS
foaYmd,lhkag wjldY újD; ùu h'
1956§ tia ví,sõ' wd¾' ã' nKavdrkdhl uy;d jgd isá n,fõ.j,g
isxy, fn!oaO ck;dj ;uka jgd /ialr .;af;a tu wkdrlaIs;;djh
isxy, fn!oaO ck;djg oekqk ksid h' 1955 wjidk md¾,sfïka;= újdofha
§ rdcH NdIdj ms<sn| m%Yakh ue;sjrK foaYmd,khg f.k hkafka ke;sj
mlaI kdhlhka úiska jg fïi idlÉPdjlska úi|d .ksuq hhs fhdackd
l< nKavdrkdhl uy;dg meh úis y;rlska isxy, rdcH NdIdj njg
m;a lrk njg fmdfrdkaÿùug ue;sjrKfha § isÿjqfha tu n,mEu ksid
h' 1956 isg ck;djf.a ckjd¾.sl ixfõÈ;djh foaYmd,kSlrKhg
,la lrñka rfÜ m%Odk mlaI fol fï ckjd¾.sl foaYmd,kh n,h
,nd .ekSfï jdylhla jYfhka fhdod .;ay' tys m%;sM, f,i iq¿;r
ckjd¾.slhka ;=< we;s l< wkdrlaIs; yeÕSï ovóud lr .ksñka
fou< olaIsKdxYsl kdhlhka n,h ,nd .ekSfï jdylhla f,i fou<
ckjd¾.sl;ajh foaYmd,kSlrKhg ,la lf<da h'
1972 jHjia:dj u.ska 1947 isg m%Odk ckj¾.fha wdêm;Hh
ixfla;d;aulj;a jHqyd;aulj;a ms<sìUq lrñka .kq ,enQ l%shdud¾.
jHjia:d .; lrk ,È' mqrjeis mK; rdcH NdIdj nqoaOd.u iïnkaOfhka
y÷kajdÿka úêúOdk ksid isÿjQfha fou< ckjd¾.sl;ajh b;d nrm;,
f,i foaYmd,klrKhg ,la lrñka fjku rdcHhla ms<sn| m%ldYkhla
ksl=;a lsÍu i|yd ish¨ fou< kdhlhka tlai;aùu h'
ì%;dkH wêrdcH iu`. mej;s jHjia;d iïnkaO;d iïmQ¾Kfhka wjika
lrñka iajdëk ckrchla msysgqjd hg;a úð;yrKh iïmQ¾K lsÍu tu
jHjia:dj u.ska isÿl< nj i;Hhls' kuq;a by; i|yka úêúOdkj,ska
isÿjQfha fou< iq¿;rhg tu hg;a úð;yrKh N=la;sú£fï wjia:djg
yjq,aùug fkdyels ;;a;ajhla we;s lsÍuh' Y%S ,dxlsl mqrjeisNdjh
uq,a lr .;a cd;sh f.dv ke.Sug ndOdjk wdldrfhka ckjd¾.sl;ajh
foaYmd,k fn§ï ;SrKh lrk uQ, idOlh f,i bÈßhg meñKsfha
h' thska miq ld,fha mx;s idOlh hgm;a lrf.k ckjd¾.sl;ajh
foaYmd,kh ;SrKh lrk idOlh njg m;a lsÍug fou< B,ï jHdmdrh
iu;aúh'
wm ish¨ fokdgu ckjd¾.sl cd;sljdoh uq,a lr f.k hqo jeÿKq
iudchla ;=< Ôj;aùfï whs;sh wdrlaId lr .kakg ud¾. fidhkakg
isÿúh' fï ld,fha we;sjQ lïmkfhka ;ju wfma iudch ñ§ ke;'
wrdðl;ajh iu. .; l< tu §¾> ld,h ;=< iudcjd§ fukau ,snr,a
foaYmd,k oyrdjka hgm;a lrñka cd;sh f.dv ke.Su hqojd§ jHdmD;shla
njg m;aúh' oeka hqoaOh wjika hhs lsõj o ;ju;a wfma rfÜ nyq;r iy
iq¿;r ck;djka isákafka tu hqoaOh ;=< h' miq.sh i;sfha wjika jQ m<d;a
md,k Pkaofhka fmfkkafka o ol=fKa ck;dj fukau W;=re iy kef.
kysr m%foaYj, ck;dj o Pkaoh § ;sfnkafka tu ckjd¾.sl yeÕSïj,g
uq,a ;ek foñka njh' ksfhda ,snr,ajdoh úiska ;jÿrg;a m%j¾Okh
lrk fuu ckjd¾.sl cd;sljdoh y÷kajkafka ksfhda cd;sljdoh ^neo nationalism& hkqfjks' fï cd;sljdoh .ek ó<Õ i;sfha l;d lruq'
miq.sh jljdkqj ;=< meje;s
foaYmd,k jd;djrKhg jvd
fjkia jQ ;;a;ajhla ue;sjrK m%;sM,
yryd Èia ù we;' ,enQ Pkao ixLHdfjka
hymd,k rchg mlaI ù we;s Pkao ixLHdj
miq.sh uy ue;sjrKhg idfmalaI j wvq
ù ;sfí' tf,i u mj;sk rchg m<d;a
md,k wdh;k ,nd§fï m%;sm;a;sfhka
ck;dj neyer j ;Skaÿ f.k we;s
nj fmfka' fuh ck;dj úiska b;d
meyeÈ,sj u rchg ,nd ÿka mKsjqvhls'
m%cd;ka;%hg .re lrk rgla f,i
bÈßhg hd hq;= kï" ck;d mKsjqvhg
ysi kud ls%hd lsÍula isÿ úh hq;= h'
;jÿrg;a mj;sk wdldrfhka u rch
bÈßhg f.k hdfï idOdrKd;aul
whs;shla rchg ;sìh fkdyels h'
ck;dj n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka mqgq
udre lsÍula muKla u fkdfõ'
m%;sm;a;suh fjkila o rchg wjYH
h' ue;sjrK m%;sM, ckdêm;sjrhdf.a
n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka lsÍug fya;= ù
;snqkd jqj o m%;sM, iuÕska Tyqf.a
j.lSï úYd, jYfhka jeä ù we;' ±ka
wm f;areï .; hq;= m%Yakhla ;sfí'
tkï" rg wrdðl lsÍfuka j,lajd,Su
iEu mqrjeisfhl=f.a u i;= j.lSula
nj h' ckdêm;sjrhd" w.%dud;Hjrhd"
úmlaIkdhl we;=¨ foaYmd,k mlaI
iy isú,a ixúOdkj, j.lSu jkafka
md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< ck;djg ms<s.;
yels úi÷ula fjkqfjka lghq;=
lsÍu h' ;u ;ukaf.a foaYmd,k mlaI
/l.ekSu mfil,d rfÜ wkd.;h
fjkqfjka ;SrK .; hq;= wjia:djlg
rg meñK ;sfí'
ch.%yKfhka Woï wkñka
fmdfydÜgqj md¾Yajh rchg tfrysj
ck;dj fhduq lsÍug iQodkï jkafka
kï" th wjia:djg WÑ; ls%hdjla
fkdfõ' tf,i u fmdfydÜgqj ,nd
we;s ch.%yKh wj;lafiare lsÍug
rch iQodkï jkafka kï" th o ms<s.;
fkdyels h' m<uqj isÿúh hq;af;a m<d;a
md,k wdh;kj, n, jHqyh ilia
fldg tu wdh;k i|yd wjYH md,kh
msysgqjd ,Suh' ta ta m<d;a md,kj,
nyq;r n,h ,nd.;a msßia uQ,sl j l<
hq;= tu j.lSu bgq l< hq;= fõ' ta i|yd
rch läkñka ls%hd l< hq;= h'
ckdêm;s kdhl;ajh hgf;a ,ndÿka
md¾Yajhg wvq Pkao m%udKhla ,eîu
;=<ska ks¾udKh ù we;s m%Yakh i,ld
ne,Su o l< hq;= h' YS% ,xld ksoyia
mlaIh iy tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh YS%
,xldfõ m%Odk mka;s n,fõ.hka
folla ksfhdackh lrhs' tu mka;Skaf.a
.eg¨ iy wjYH;djhka fjkia h'
tf,iu iudcfha we;s fjk;a iudc
n,fõ.hka o ue;sjrKhl § m%;sls%hd
lrk wdldrhla ;sfí' fï lsisjla ksis
mßÈ wjfndaO lr fkd.kakd foaYmd,k
n,fõ.hlg ksis f,i rg md,kh l<
fkdyels h'
±ka rg bÈßfha we;s úi÷u ,nd
.ekSug kï b;sß ù we;s ó<Õ iq¿
ld,h bÈßhg f.k hdu i|yd
md¾,sfïka;=j ;=<ska u úi÷ula ,nd
.; hq;= h' ckdêm;sjrhdg ta i|yd ksis
kdhl;ajhla ,nd§ug isÿfõ' ta i|yd
md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdackh lrk m%Odk
mlaI ms<s.kakd mßÈ Ndrldr rchla
msysgqjd .ekSu iqÿiq o hkak b;d .eUqßka
úuid ne,sh hq;= h' tfia fkdjkafka
kï" ckdêm;sjrhd m%ldY lr we;s mßÈ
w.%dud;Hjrhd we;=¨ weue;s uKav,fha
lemS fmfkk fjkila we;s lsÍfuka
rg ;=< wo flÍf.k hk ck;d úfrdaë
jev igyka fjkia lsÍfï ls%hdj,shlg
rg f.k hd hq;= h'
fjkia úh hq;af;a ckjdß 08
ch.%yKh ;=<ska Èkd.;a lsisjla wdmiq
yrjd ,Sug fkdfõ' bka bÈßhg h'
wvqmdvqlï ;snqkd jqj o kj ue;sjrK
l%uh ck;dj ,enQ by< u ch.%yKhls'
ksfhdað;hska ixLHdj jeä ùu tys we;s
m%Odk; u wvqmdvqjhs' bÈßfha § th
ksjerÈ úh hq;= h'
Kh f.ùfï uqjdfjka rfÜ cd;sl
iïm;a úfoaYsl wdh;kj,g mejÍfï
fuka u úlsKSfï jev igykg ;s;
;eìh hq;= h' wd¾Ólh úfoaYSlrKh
lsÍfï jevigyka fjkia fldg rg ;=<
ck;dj N=la;s ú¢k wd¾Ól lghq;= jeä
ÈhqKq lsÍfï M,odhS jevigykla rg
;=< ls%hd;aul úh hq;= h'
¥IKh msgq±lSu iy ¥Is;hskag o~qjï
§fï jevigyk bÈßhg f.k hdu
mlaI fNaofhka f;dr j isÿ l< hq;= h'
ta i|yd kS;sfha wdêm;Hh ;yjqre l<
hq;= h'
19 jeks jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh yryd
,enQ ckdêm;sjrhdf.a n,;, iSud lsÍï
b;d jeo.;a f,i i,ld m%cd;ka;%jdoh
;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a l< hq;= h' jHjia:dj
wkqj ckdêm;sg md¾,sfïka;=j ksis
ld,hg fmr úiqrejd yeÍug fkdyels
ùu md¾,sfïka;=j Yla;su;a ùuls'
tfyhska" ue;sjrK meje;aúh hq;af;a
ksis ld,hg ñi bka fmr fyda miq j
fkdfõ'
t'cd'mh fld<U k.rfha ,ndf.k
we;s ch.%yKh ;=<ska fld<U k.rfha
Ôj;a jk nyq;r ck;dj t'cd'mhg we;s
m%idoh fmkajd we;' tfy;a" bka msg;
ck;dj t'cd'mh j¾;udkfha wkq.ukh
lrk foaYmd,k iy wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s
m%;slafIam lr ;sfí' tfyhska" Ndrldr
rchla m;ajkafka kï" rfÜ ck;djf.a
woyiaj,g .re lrkakd jQ foaYmd,k
iy wd¾Ól jevigykla fjkqfjka
lem ù ls%hd lsÍu foig keUqre ùug
Tjqka iQodkï úh hq;= h'
idudkH ck;djg Ôj;aùu uyd
m%Yakhla njg m;a lr ;sfí' ;ukag
,efnk wdodhñka w;HjYH NdKav
álj;a ñ,§ .ekSug fkdyels ;;a;ajhla
rg ;=< ;sfí' tf,iu ck;djg ,efnk
wdodhï mjd wjysr ù we;s jd;djrKhla
rg ;=< ;sfí' fuu .eg¨j,g miqmi
yrjd rfÜ ixj¾Okh .ek muKla
kka fodvùfuka m,la ke;' ó<Õg
rg Ndr.kakd msßi fï ms<sn| j i,ld
lghq;= lrkafka kï mj;sk w¾nqofhka
rg uqojd f.k bÈßhg hd yels h'
tfia fkdjkafka kï" ó<Õ w¾nqoh
o wm úiska u <Õd lr.kakd neõ o
lK.dgqfjka jqj o m%ldY l< hq;= h'
ckdêm;s ,ndfok kdhl;ajh ;SrKd;aulhs
olaIsK lxldkïf.a
kdu,a rdcmlaI kS;s{fhla o@kdu,a rdcmlaI jD;a;sfhka kS;s{fhls' Tyqf.a
tlS kS;s{lu .ek furg miq.sh ld,fha úúO
l;d ny jd¾;d úh' fï tjeks l;djla fkdfõ'
m<d;a md,k ue;sjrK m%;sM, ksl=;a flreKq miq
Tyq udOH bÈßfha l< m%ldYhla iïnkaO l;djls'
tu m%ldYfha § Tyq lshd isáfha ue;sjrK m%;sM,
wkqj j;auka wdKavqj ck;dj úiska m%;slafIam lr
we;s nj;a jydu md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yer uy
ue;sjrKhla meje;aúh hq;= nj;a h'
kS;s{fhl= f,i Tyq rfÜ uQ,sl kS;sh jk jHjia:dj
iïnkaOfhka fld;rï ÿrg ±kqj;a o hkak fï yryd
u;=jk m%Odk m%Yakh hs' 19 jeks jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh
wkqj wjqreÿ 4 1$2la .;jk f;la md¾,sfïka;=j úiqreùfï
n,h ckm;sjrhdg ,efnkafka ke;' tfuka u wdKavqj
úiqrejd yßkakg kï md¾,sfïka;=fõ uka;%Sjrekaf.ka
;=fkka foll Pkaoh wjYH h' fulS lreK ms<sn|j;a
wjfndaOhla ke;s kdu,a rdcmlaIf.a fnd<| m%ldYh
ms<s.; yels o@
±ka rg bÈßfha we;s úi÷u ,nd .ekSug kï b;sß ù we;s ó<Õ iq¿
ld,h bÈßhg f.k hdu i|yd md¾,sfïka;=j ;=<ska u úi÷ula ,nd .; hq;=
h' ckdêm;sjrhdg ta i|yd ksis kdhl;ajhla ,nd§ug isÿfõ' ta i|yd md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdackh
lrk m%Odk mlaI ms<s.kakd mßÈ Ndrldr rchla msysgqjd
.ekSu iqÿiq o hkak b;d .eUqßka úuid ne,sh hq;= h'
6 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
YS% ,xldj f,dal is;shfï we;s rgj,a w;ßka
b;d l=vd rgla jqj o f,dalfha wfkl=;a
rgj,a yd ii|k l< È.= b;sydihla we;s
rgls' tu b;sydih wúÉýkak j f.dv ke.S
we;s úYajdikSh idOlj,ska msß jxYl;dj,ska
;yjqre ù ;sfnkakls' —uydjxYh˜ wfma
b;sydih ms<sn| ,sÅ; j i|yka jk .%ka:hls'
tys ls%'mQ 543 isg ls%'j isg ls%'j 301 olajd uq,ald,
mßÉfþofha rfÜ rdcH md,lhska ms<sn| j
i|yka fõ' tys fojk fldgi jQ —iq¿ jxYfha˜
bka miq rdcH md,lhska o ;=kajk fldgfia
uykqjr rdcOdksh olajd rdcH md,lhskaf.a
úia;r we;=<;a h' uydjxYh muKla fkdj
Bg;a jvd merKs b;sydi .; lreKq we;=<;a
Ys,d f,aLk wfma mqrd úoHd{hska fidhdf.k
we;' fuu ft;sydisl f;dr;=rej,g wNsfhda.
l< yels rgla f,dalfha fkdue;' wNsfhda.
t,a, jkafka ngysr wOHdmkfhka wdpd¾h"
uydpd¾hjrekaf.ka yd Tjqkaf.a b.ekaùï
wkqj hk w; f,diaila foaYmd,{hskaf.ka
h' wfma wOHdmk úIhOdrdj ;=<ska b;sydih
úIh yd idys;H úIh bj;a l< hq;= hhs u;hla
Tjqka ;=<ska m%ldY fõ'
1970 oYlfha bÈßm;a jQ fuu woyi w;ayod
ne,Sula f,i b;sydi yd N+f.da,Sh úIhka
ixlaIsma; lrkafka iudc wOHhkh kñka
úIhla mdi,a wOHdmkhg we;=,a jQ w;r idys;H
úIh i|yd ;snQ fndfyda m; fmd; bj;a lrk
,§' fuu úIhkaf.a lmamdÿj ;=< ìys jQ fndfyda
;reK ;reKhska ;uka Wmka uõ ìug jvd
úfoaY rgj,g wdorh lrk msßila njg m;a
jQy' jevjiï md,khlg iy hg;a úð;hla
j meje;s rgl ksoyi ,nd jir ye;a;Ejla
iïmQ¾K jk úg" j;auka jQ mrïmrdjla ìysùu
w;sYhska u lK.dgqodhl lreKls' fujeks
udkisl;ajhlska hq;= msßila wm rg ;=< ìys ù
we;af;a ;uka Wmka rfÜ wNsudkj;a b;sydih
w.d chfiak
ud;%djm%shka; cdisx r;akdhl
uyskao rdcmlaI
uka;%Sjrhd úiska
fïlg Pkaoh fokak lshd
fmd,a f,,a,la oeïu;a talg
Pkafoa fok jy¨ka msßila
;ukag isák nj nkaÿ,
.=Kj¾Ok uka;%Sjrhd Bfha
meyeÈ,sju m%ldY lr ;sì‚'
fuu m%ldYfhka uka;%Sjrhd
l=ula n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQjo
fuh uyskao rdcmlaIg l<
nrm;, wmydihla nj kï
meyeÈ,sh'
ta fmdfydÜgq mlaIhg
Pkaoh ÿka ish¨ fokd ta
;rïu my;a ksjg jy¨ka
f,i fï kdhlhd i,lk
nj .=Kj¾Ok uka;%Sjrhd
f.a l;dfõ uQ,sl yrh jk
ksidh'
fmdfydÜgq Pkao rfÜ cku;h fkdfõ' th wd.ñl u;hls'
f*aianqla ud;%dj
tfukau fmd,a f,,a,lg
Pkaoh fokak ;rï
fmdfydÜgq mdlaIslhd msßyqKq
wfhl= nj ks, jYfhkau
mjid ;sîu fmdfydÜgq
mlaIfha ch.%yKfha we;a;
l;dj meyeÈ,s lr.ekSu
myiq ù ;sfí'
.=Kj¾Ok uka;%Sjrhd
fï lshkafka fmdfydÜgq
mdlaIslhdf.a f.da;%sl jy,a
udkisl;ajh .ekh' f.da;%sl
jy,a Ndjfha .s,S isákakl=g
Pkaoh mdúÉÑ lsÍu .ek
ys;kak" foaYmd,k fyda
wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s .ek
jk idlÉPdjla wjYH
fkdfõ' ixjdo úixjdohkayS
iyNd.s;ajhla wjYH ke;'
yß foa l=ulao jeros foa
l=ulao hkak f;dard .ekSula
wjYH ke;' fyd| krl
úuiSu wjYH ke;' .ug
rgg jevodhlo hkak oek
.ekSu wjYH ke;' ta ;nd
;udg ;ukaf.a wUqorejkag
hym;la fõúo hkak .ek
úYajdihla o wjYH ke;'
uyskao Èkqjdu we;sh' fï
iqrejï jkaokdjla ñi fjk
flfyïu,la fkdfjhs'
f.da;%sl jy,d lshkafka
fok ksfhda.hla bgq lsÍug
wksjd¾fhkau ne£ isák
wirK mSä;fhls' ;uka
mSvdjg ,laj isák nj;a
Tjqka okafka ke;" w; mfha
jk ú,x.= YÍrfhu fldgila
hehs l,amkd lrkafka fï
wirK ñksiqkah'
rdcmlaI mjq,a md,k
iufha § f.dvkeÕ=fõ jy,a
udkisl;ajhla iys; msßils'
ta ksid uyskao rdcmlaI
kñka fmd,af,,la oeuqj;a
Bg leue;a; m%ldY lrk
uq.aO Pkaoodhl m%cdjla
;ukag isák nj nkaÿ,
.=Kj¾Ok lshk l;dj
i;Hhls'
fmd,a f,,s l;dfõ
w¨;au ;;ajh kï .ug
m;alr .;a ksfhdað;hd
.eyekshlao msßñfhlao
lshd fyda ;ju fmdfydÜgq
mdlaIslhdgj;a oek.
ekSug fkdyelsùuh' oeka
oeka jd¾;d fjk f;dr;=re
wkqj fmdfydÜgqfjka
uyck ksfhdað;hka
f,i f;dr m;alr.;a
jqka w;r ñkSurejka ux
myrkakka" ia;%S ¥Ilhka
jeks wmrdOlrejka fukau
tla;eka jQ wín.d;hkao"
j,mhhhs f.dv mhhs bkakd
wdÉÑ wïu,d iSh,d fukau"
;uka uka;%Sjrhl= oehs
;ju;a fkdokakd msßilao
fõ' we;eï ksfhdað;hka
m;aj we;af;a ;uka Ôúf;ag
mh fkd.ymq m%foaYj,sks'
Bg iqmsß WodyrKh uyr.
ñka jd¾;d ù ;sfí' ta
fmdfydÜgqfõ ^fudag¾
nhsisl,fhka ;r. l<&
uka;%Sjre 22 f.ka uyr.
ujdiSka fjkafka fofokl=
mu‚' bka tla whl= wef|ka
ke.sg .ekSug neß l;d
l< fkdyels wxYNd. frda.
sfhls' 20 fofkla .ïmy yd
je,a,j;a; mÈxÑlrejkah'
fï ksid ;uka Pkaoh
ÿkafka ldgo l=ulgo
lshdj;a fkdokak
fm dfy dÜg ql d rhk af. a
;SrKh rfÜ ienE cku;h
f,i ms<s.; yelafla
fmd,a fldaïn fuka
T¿f.ä ysia ñksiqkag
mu‚' wjdikdjlg
rfÜ ckdêm;sjrhdj;a
jefgkafka ta f.dvguh'
m%shka; cdisx r;akdhl f.a
f*aianqla msgqfjka Wmqgd .ekqKs
udlaiajdofha b;sydifhka od¾Yksl miqìu
bx.S%is cd;sl f;dauia uqj¾ ^1478-1535& —Wfgdamshd˜
kue;s ^ufkda rdcHh& lD;sfhka lsis ;efkl ke;s
i¾j iïmQ¾K Ôú;hla ;sfnk ¥m;la .ek úia;r
lrhs' tu lD;sfha u; wkq.ukh l< Ñka;lhska
rdYshla ìys úh' Tjqkag ufkdardðl iudcjd§ka hk
ku ,enqKs' wo fuu ku fhdokafka wúoHd;aul
iudcjdoh ye¢kaùu i|yd h' mqoa.,sl foafmd< whs;sh
;sfnk ;=re iudc Okh w;f,diailg ,efnk ;=re
iudk;ajh f;areula ke;s fohla h hkak uqj¾f.a u;
hhs' Tyqf.a Wfgdamshdfõ mqoa.,sl foafmd< ke;' uqo,a
ke;' jev lrkafka iduQyslj h' th mqrjeis hq;=luhs'
ksIamdokh fmdÿ .nvdjg Ndr fohs' ta i|yd f.ùula
fkdue;' jqjukd yeu foau fmdÿ .nvdfjka ,efí'
mqoa.,sl foafmd< rys; iudc ixúOdkhla .ek b;d,s
cd;sl lïfmfk,a,d 1568-1639 —ksoyfia k.rh˜ kï
jQ iqm%isoaO lD;sfhys i|yka lrhs' Tyq fyd| iudc
l%uhla we;sùu ñksia ixj¾Okfha Í;shla nj fkdÿgq
nj meyeÈ,s h'
ñksia iudch tla;rd Í;s iuQyhlg wkqj j¾Okh
jkafka h hk u;h we;s jQfha 18 jeks ishjfia § h'
ro< l%uhg tÈß j ke.S isá Okm;s u;OdÍka úiska
th we;s lf<a h' Wiia l%uh f,i Tjqka ÿgqfõ mqoa.,sl
foafmd< ysñ l%u hhs' fuys kHdhka ilia lf<a m%xY
o¾Ykdj§ka h' ñksia ixj¾Okhg iSud fkdue;'
úoHdfõ iy wOHdmkfha ch.%yK ksid ñ;Hd u;
úkdY fjhs' m%.;sh we;s fjhs' øjHuh iïm;a ksmoùu
iy tys§ ñksiqka w;r we;s jk in|;d f;areï .ekSug
Tjqyq wiu;a jQy' tfy;a" ro< n,h Okm;s n,h olajd
fjkia l< hq;= nj fmkajd ÿkafka h'
lïmfk,a,d iy uqj¾f.a woyia j¾Okh l< m%xY
.;al;=jr fudfr,a,sf.a lD;shlska wkd.; iudcfha
Í;s yªkajd fohs' ta wkqj fodafmd< whs;sh wfydais fldg
yeu mqrjeisfhl=g u jev lsÍfï whs;sh ,efí' jhi"
Yla;sh iy yelshdj wkqj yeu mqrjeishd u iudcfha
hym;g ls%hd lrhs' tys fmkajd fok m%Odk uQ, O¾uh
yeu flfkl= u ;u yelshdj wkqj jev l< hq;= h
hkakhs' jqjukdjg wkqj fnod yeÍfïwjYH;djh Tyq
ms<s.;af;a h' fudr,s iy uL,S fofokd o iQrd lkakka
iy iQrdlkq ,nkakkaf.ka f;dr jQ kj iudchla
ms<sn| j isysk uejQy' tu woyia mek ke.=fka fYa%IaG
m%xY úma,jh ld,fha § h'
m%xY úma,jh tla iQrdlk l%uhla ke;s fldg ;j;a
iQrdlk l%uhla we;s lsÍula nj ms<s;a nfn*a 1760-
1797 Okm;s mka;s rcfha úmdl fmkajd ÿkafka h'
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ moku u; iudch m%;s ixúOdkh
lrk ck;d úma,jhla we;s jk ;=re fkdkj;ajd
úma,jh lrf.k hd hq;= hhs lSfõ h' Tyq woyia lf<a
Okh iudch i;= fldg iaÒr iudk;djla we;s lsÍfï
úma,jh ch.%dyS jk njhs' yeu flfkla u jev l<
hq;= h' Okj;=ka fyda ÿmam;=ka fkdisáh hq;= h' lsisu
flfkl=g foafmd< ysñ lr.; fkdyel' wkd.;
iudch lDIs ld¾ñl tlla nj is;+ Tyq ks¾Ok mka;s
fmrgq n, weKs ld¾hh fyda tys ft;sydisl jeo.;alu
fkdÿgqfõ h'
kshu úoHd;aul b.ekaùula mek ke.Sug miqìu
ilia jQfha o¾Ykjdofha" foaYmd,k w¾: Ydia;%fha"
fidaI,siaÜjdofha fYa%IaG Ñka;lhskaf.a b.ekaùï we;s
jQ 19 jk ishji uq,a Nd.fha § h' m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re
iemehsh yels jQfha uq¿ ñksia b;sydih u úoHd;aul j
øjHuh mokula u; ú.%y lsÍfuks' th bgq lf<a ld,a
udlaia iy tx.,aia úisks'
f,kska fmkajd ÿkafka udlaia tx.,aiaf.a b.ekaùï
f,dal iNH;ajfha ixj¾Okfha m%Odk m%jdyfhka
fldka jQ b.ekaùï fkdjk njhs' ñksia j¾.hd úiska
19 jk ishjfia § ks¾udKh l< c¾uka o¾Ykjdoh;a"
bx.S%is foaYmd,k w¾: Ydia;%h;a" m%xY fidaI,siaÜjdoh;a"
mokï lr.;a fï b.ekaùu Wiia u iïm%odhkaf.a
kshu Wreulaldrhd njhs'
19 jk ishjfia c¾uka o¾Ykjdoh
1770-1831 c¾uka o¾Ykjd§ fya.,a iïNdjkSh
o¾YkjdÈfhls' merKs foa úkdY lrf.k ksr;=rej u
w¨;a foa we;s jk ieá;a my;a ;;a;ajfha isg Wiia
;;a;ajh olajd j¾Okh jk ieá;a W.kajk ;¾ljdoh
ks¾udKh lf<a Tyq h' yeu ;eku" yeu fohl u
;sfnk mriamr úfrdaOh ksid ls%hdj Wm§' fyñka we;s
jk ixLHd;aul fjkialï msïula we;s lrjhs' ta iuÕ
u th .=Kd;aul fjkila we;s lrjhs'
1804-1872 mqj¾ ndya fya.,af.a ukialdrjdofhka
wE;a jqj o Tyqg øjHjd§ o¾Ykjdoh wkqj b;sydih
iy ñksia iudch ú.%y l< fkdyels úh' Tjqkaf.a
b.ekaùï iudcjd§ o¾Ykjdohla meke ke.Sfï miqìï
ilia lf<a h' th ks¾udKd;aul f,i ixj¾Okh
lsÍug udlaia tx.,aia g yels úh'
bx.S%is foaYmd,k w¾: Ydia;%h
ñksiqkaf.a iudcuh ls%hdldÍ;ajh fyj;a ksIamdokh
yd NdKav yqjudre lsÍfï in|lï id¾:l j yeoEÍfï
m%;sM,hla jQfha foaYmd,k w¾: Ydia;%h kï w¨;a
úoHdjla we;s ùuhs' tys m%;sM,h jQfha mka;Ska we;sùu
iy wd¾Ól ixj¾Okfha iuyr hq.hka fmkajd§ug
iy iudc wdlD;sh fidhd .ekSug yels ùuhs'
,nk i;shg'''
mßirfõ§ ;s,la lkafoa.u
ms<sn| we;s wkjfndaOh ksid h' ;ukaf.a Wmka
rfÜ b;sydih ms<sn| fkdokakd mqoa.,hl= fyda
mqoa.,hska ;=<ska ksoyi yd foaYfma%uh ms<sn|
yeÕSula we;s fkdfõ' ngysr rgj,g .e;s
mqoa.,hska b;sydih úIh wfma wOHdmk úIh
Odrdj ;=<ska bj;a l< hq;= hhs lshkafka ta
ksid h'
YS% ,xldjg ksoyi wysñ jQ wdldrh iy kej;
ksoyi ,nd .ekSu ms<sn| l;d mqj; foaYSh
muKla fkdj fjk;a ´kEu rgl cSj;a jk
mqoa.,fhl=f.a is; fjk;lg fhduq fkdlrk
is;a.kakd tlls' fuu ft;sydisl f;dr;=re
.; b;sydih wfma úIh ks¾foaYj,ska bj;a
jk úg" wefußldj m%uqL f,dalfha ÈhqKq hhs
lshk rgj, ffjoH" bxðfkare úIhhka yodrk
ñksiqkag m%:ufhka W.kajkafka ;u rfÜ
b;sydi hhs' ksoyi ,nd jir ye;a;Ejla ;=<
wmg wfma fi!LH b;sydih idys;H ixialD;sh
uq,a lr.;a cd;sl wOHdmk m%;sm;a;shla ilia
lr .ekSug fkdyels ùh' n,hg m;ajk
foaYmd,k mlaI Tjqkaf.a wruqKq wkqj mdi,a
wOHdmkfha úIh Odrdfõ we;s l< fjkialï
;=< wfma b;sydih f,i wo W.kajkafka
úlD;s l< b;sydihls' tjeks b;sydihla ;=<ska
ksoyia Ñka;kh iys; ñksiqka ìys fkdfõ'
1815-1947 olajd ,xldfõ ì%;dkH md,k ld,h
;rï ,dxlslhskag ñf,aÉP wkaoñka ysßyer
l< ld, mßÉfþohla fkdù h' jev jiï
hq.fha isá ,dxlslhska mjd 1818 yd 1848 tu
oreKq md,khg úreoaO j ke.S isáfha wfma
ck;dj fuf;la cd;shla hgf;a isàug we;s
wlue;a; ksid h' 1948 fmnrjdß 04 fjks Èk
,enQ ksoyi tla f,a ì|laj;a fkdfy<d ,enQ
ksoyila f,i w¾: ±laùu b;sydih úlD;s
lsÍuls' hg;a úð; núka rg ksoyia lr .ekSu
i|yd Èú mrÿjg ;nd igka lf<a isxy,hska
muKla fkdfõ fou<" uqia,sï ck;dj o Bg
tla jQy' fuu b;sydi l;dj tla cd;shlg
muKla iSudùfï b;sydi l;dj ,sùfuka
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ksoyi ,nd jir ye;a;Ejla ;=< cd;Ska w;r
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igkaldó ksoyia wr.,h bÈßhg .uka lf<a
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ksoyia wr.,fha Woaoduh yd ta iuÕ we;s jk
wd.ñl mqkreoh ish¨ ,dxlSh cd;Ska cd;sl
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jej nekaou wms fld;eko ta
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fï lrk jefvka fjkafka mjq,a
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Tyqf.a woyia i;HoeZhs úuiSug
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m%udKhd ,Sg¾ 830ls' ta wkqj
jd¾Islj lsß ksIamdokh ,Sg¾
;=ka ,laI foodia kjish mkyls'
tla lsß ,Sgrhla remsh,a 70
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tjeks mjq,l udisl wdodhu
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jQ wfkla lreK jkafka hï
mjq,l lsß yrla md,kh fndfyda
úg f.ú,sh úiska isÿlrk
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tl lkakhlg muKla nvbß.=
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ta;a oeka .u oshqKqhs' fï c,dYh
nekafod;a ìì, <`. nq¨msáh
olajdu j;=r .,kjd' fïl f,dl=
Thla' wlalr 55"000la hgfjkjd
lsh, lshkafka' wms okafka fuu
.f.a hk j;=r m%udK h' ta wh
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.Kkaj, jf.a fkfjhs oeka
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;ekg jefgkafka' ukskak tk
lÜáhf.ka weyqju lshkjd
hgfjkafka kE lsh,d' fojeks
mdr wdmq lÜáh lshjd wfma f.a
hg fjkjd lsh,d' ,laI 15la .shd
f.a yokak' fï jf.a foys .yla
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Ôj;a lrjkak'˜
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f.a hg fjkjd' wmsj fldydg
yß .sysx oeïu;a Ôj;a fjkak
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fï bvï j,ska wjqreÿ ;=fkka
ta .dk .kak mq¨jka' Th lshk
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wfmalaIs; wdodhu remsh,a
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fndfyda msßilg ijka oSfuka
miqj Tjqka f.dú;ekska yd
lsß yrla md,kfhka jd¾Islj
Wmhk jákdlu fidhkak
W;aidy .;suq' rn¾ j.dfjka lsß
,nd.ekSu wdrïN ùug ;j
jir fol ;=kla hkq we;'
Tjqka ,nd ÿka j.djkays wdodhï
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Wml,amkh lr fuu j.=j ilia
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fkdlrkafka h hk Wml,amkfha
isg fnod ne¨j;a tl mjq,l
udisl wdodhu remsh,a 46"045
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k;r fjhs' jrdmsáh .fï
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yrla md,kfhka Wmhk wdodhu
remsh,a fldaá úisy;rls' th hg
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l< úg remsh,a 194"20"52"000ls'
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fmkS .sfha h' j¾Ihl § muKla
fldaá tlish wkQy;rla Wmojk
idrj;a N+ñhla hgfldg lrk
ixj¾Okh l=ula o@ wfkla
jeo.;au lreK fuu f.dúhka
fuu wdodhu Wmojkafka rcfha
lsisu Wmldrhlska f;drj ùuhs'
fujka ck;djg l< hq;af;a
hgfldg Tjqka wdkd:Ndjhg
m;a lsÍu fkdj" wdydr
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hkjd' 1818 W!j fj,a,iai le/,a, ksid
fufy mÈxÑhg wdj Woúh fufya bkafka'
mjq,a 11la ;uhs uq,skau weú;a ;sfhkafka' fï fjkfldg wfma .fï ú;rla mjq,a 430la bkakjd' wfkla .ï tlal .;a;u wvqu
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tal mjq,l idudkH udisl wdodhu 47"045'83
jrdmsáh .ïjeisfhdam%Yak lr;s
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8 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
ixialrKh( .dùr
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mYapd;a-hqO isßhdj f.dvk.uq reishdj ì%laia md¾Yajlrejkag wdrdOkd lrhs
mYapd;a-hqO isßhdj f.dvke.Su i|yd reishdj ;u ì%laia
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f.dvke.Sfï Woafhda.su;a md¾Yajlrefjls'
isßhdfõ f;,a ksê .fõYkhg reishdj ±kgu;a yjq,a fjñka isák
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lsÍu Ök fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIfha 19 cd;sl iïfï,kh .kq ,enQ
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Ök ckdêm;sjrhd mlaIfha kdhl;ajh" b,lal .; Wmdh ud¾."
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fïß,kaâ ys msysá ì,aàfuda¾ iriúfha § wefußldkq
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ck;d fufyjr wdrïN lrk ,oafoA
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fï miqìu ;=< h' iQud mdlaIslhka tu
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ld¾hhla fkdjkq we;'
9 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
ixialrKh p,l ¨Kqú,f.a
.d,a," m%Odk ;eme,a ld¾hd,fha jD;a;Sh igkla.d,a," m%Odk ;eme,a ld¾hd,fha l‚IaG ld¾h uKav,h
úiska ;eme,a ld¾hd,h ;=< jD;a;Sh wr.,hla wdrïN
lr we;s nj jd¾;d fõ' 14 jeks osk iji 05'00 isg wdrïN jk
rd;%S fiajd jevuqrhg meñ‚ l‚IaG ld¾h uKav,h f,v ksjdvq
,ndf.k fiajfhka bj;a ù we;' .d,a," m%Odk ;eme,a ld¾hd,fha
fiajfha kshq;= l‚IaG ld¾h uKav,hg w;sld, f.ùu m%udo
lsÍug úfrdaOh m< lrñka fuu jD;a;Sh l%shdud¾.h wdrïN
lr we;s w;r wo ^15 jeks osk& jk úg o jD;a;Sh l%shdud¾.h
ta wdldrfhkau l%shd;aul fjñka mj;sk nj jeä ÿrg;a jd¾;d
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we;s nj;a Tjqka úiska l‚IaG ld¾h uKav,hg w;sld, f.ùu
meyer yer we;s nj;ah' flfia jqj;a fuu jD;a;Sh l%shdud¾.h
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igyka j we;' tys tl l:djla
kï lr ;snqfka zzi;Hh fidhd
hEuZZ f,i h' uu i;Hh fidhd
.sfhñ' i;Hh lsis ;ekl ke;'
uu l,lsÍ wdmiq meñfKk úg"
l=Kq lkao,a f.dvla ÿgqfjñ'
tA ;=< hula È,sfikq ÿgq ud
th l=ulaoehs neÆ úg th ud
fidhk i;Hh úh' l,n, jQ
ud i;Hfhka úuiqfõ zzTn l=Kq
lkao hg ieÕù l=ula lrkafka
o@ZZ hkak h' Tyq ÿka ms<s;=frka
uu uú;hg m;aùñ' i;Hh ug
lsõfõ Tyq l=Kq lkao,a ;=<
ieÕ ù fkdisák nj;a" ñksiqka
Tyq isák ;ek fmkaùu i|yd
oud .eiQ foa nj h' tAjd wo
l=Kq lkaola ù we;' i;Hh
l=Kq lkaog jeiS we;' tu l=Kq
l=ulaoehs ud mßlaId lrk úg"
ug olskakg ,enqfka Tyq lS
foa i;Hhla nj h' tys ;snqfka
;¾l" o¾Yk" jdo" újdo fndre
wdÈh h'
yÈisfha u fuu woyia uf.a
is;g meñKsfha fjk lsisjla
ksid fkdj" fujeks isÿùula Y%S
,xldfõ wo isÿfjñka mj;sk
ksid h' YS% ,xldjg fï Èkj,
we;af;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjk
wdldrfha ksh.hls' ;j;a
jpkj,ska lsõfjd;a bfvdarhls'
fufia jQfha wehs oehs uu
fkdoksñ' mßirfõÈfhl= jQ ud
f,dal f.da,h WKqiqï lsÍu
ms<sn|j ú.%yhl fhfoñka
ish,a, tys m%;sM,hla f,i ;Skaÿ
lsÍug W;aidy .ekSu jerÈ hehs
is;kafka mDÓúh kshdu O¾u
05 lg wkqj md,kh fjk
nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia úiska
foaYkd l< nj jgyd .;a úgh'
tA wkqj fufia o úh yels h'
zzfoafjda jiaiiq ldf,ak - iín
iïm;a;s fya;=p
mSf;da Nj;= f,dafldap - rdcd
Nj;= Oïñ fldaZZ
wfma wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ
wka;sug we;af;a fuh h'
rÊcqrefjda O¾ñIaG jqj fyd;a"
jeiai kshu fj,djg ,efnk
nj;a" .ia fld,ka fyd|g
jefvk nj;a" tA wkqj ú.%y
fõ' rÊcqrefjda O¾ñIaG o@
wO¾ñIaG o fiùug hdug ug
wjYH ke;' ug wjYH jkafka
jeiai h' ,efnk iq¿ jeiafika
m%fhdackh .ekSug ud mqreÿ ù
we;' foaYmd,k f,dalhg ksh.
hla ;sfnk nj ud oek isáfhñ'
m%cd;ka;%jdoh j, m,a,g .sfha
h' uyd iïu;h wiïu;hla
úh' fydre /,j,a foaYmd,k
N+ñh ;=< ch.%yKh lf<a
h' uyckhd n,d isáfha h'
f.dú;ek f.dúhdg wjYH jqj;a"
jeiai ke;sj f.dú;ek l<
fkdyels fuka" fydre mekaùu
wjYH jqj;a" tA i|yd uyckhdg
Pkaohla wjYH h' foaYmd,k
bfvdarhg o fmdo jeiaila
jeiafia h' jeiaig f.dúfhda
jydu wdhqO w;g .kakdla fuka"
fuys§ Pkao odhlfhda;a" ;ukaf.a
w;g wiq jQ mekai,a fldgh kï
jQ wdhqOfhka m%fhdack .;ay' Tyq
lmá foaYmd,{hskag ;rd;srula
fkdn,d o~qjï l<y' lgueo
fov jQ ñksiqkaf.a lgj,a jid
oeuQy' Tjqka isáh hq;af;a Tjqkaf.a
lgj,a jidf.k h' tfia isàug
ksy;udkS jQ ñksiqka o isák nj
ud ÿgqfjñ' Tjqka m%{djka;hska
h' m%nqoaO kï jQ lD;sh ,shk
úg fialr Tjqka jekakka .ek
lsõfõ fufia h'
zzokafkda l:d fkdlr;s' l:d
lrkafkda fkdoks;s' tneúka Tn
nqÿ flfkls' Tyq tfia lsõfõ
l:d fkdlrk ysÕkafkl=g h'ZZ
fuu isÿùfï§ jerÈ l< fndfyda
wh ;u je/oao jid .ekSu i|yd
fndfyda foa lshj;s' ud;r§
ñksfila ug b.eka jQ lúh Tng
lshQ nj ug u;l h' th kej;
jrla Tng lsùu fï fudfydf;a
b;d jeo.;a h'
zzkka kka okka Wka Wkaf.a
jerÈ jid
wka Wka wNsnjd hEug lsh;s
uqid
wka Wka lshk wka Wkaf.a jerÈ
fodid
lkafol jidf.k isáfhñ
wefik ksid
Tn lkafol jidf.k isákafka
kï Tn m%d{fhls' h:d¾:hg
uqyqK§ug neß h:d¾:h f;areï
.ekSug neß úlD;s ukila
we;af;da fndfyda foa lsh;s' tA
Tjqkaf.a weia fkdfmfkk ksid
h' wkaOfhda hula ú.%y lrkafka
weia fkdfmfkk ksid w;.d
n,d h'
Èkla wkaOhkag w,sfhla
wyqjqfka h' Tjqka tl tl úÈhg
w,shd ú.%y lf<a h' tA w,shdf.a
wjhj wyqjqk wyqjqk wdldrhg'
w,shdf.a lK wyq jQ wkaOhd
lsõfõ w,shd l=,a,la fuka nj
h' w,shdf.a ll=,la wyqjqK
wkaOhd lsõfõ w,shd jxf.
ähla fuka nj h' ;j l=ulafoda
wyqjqK wkaOfhla w,shd ú.%y
lf<a fuda,a .ila f,i h'
w,shdf.a iuia;h oelSu i|yd
Tjqkag yelshdjla ke;s ksid
Tjqka tjeks ú.%yhla l<y' uf.a
wïud lshdÿka l:d w;r ;snQ fï
l:dj yßhg u ug jegfykafka
oeka h' w| nd, foaYmd,k{fhda
o ck;djf.a fï ;Skaÿj ms<sn|j
tjeksu ú.%yhl fhfoñka we;'
tA wkqj merÿKq wh mer§ ke;'
Èkmq wh Èkd o ke;' iuyr wh
ú.%y lrkafka fuh foaYmd,k
iqkdñhla f,i h' fN!;sl fuu
WodyrKh w;sYhska jeo.;a h'
iqkdñhla we;sjkafka /,a,la
ksid h' /,a, we;sjkafka
uqyqfoa we;sjk tla;rd isÿùula
ksid h' N+ ;eáhla fi,ùu
fyda N+ñlïmdjla tu fya;=j
úh yels h' fya;=M,jdoh
úia;r lrk jqka nqoaêu;=ka h'
f,dalfha nqoaêu;=kaf.a foaYh
f,i y÷kajkafka Y%S ,xldj
nj Tn fkdokakjd úh yels
h' idr wixL l,am ,laIhla
ixidrfha fmreïmsÍula fkd
fyd;a" mdrñ;djla f,i nqoaêh
ÈhqKq lrñka .uka lrk nqoaêuh
i;ajhd y÷kajkafka fndaê
i;ajhl= f,i h' tkï nqoaêuh
i;ajfhl= f,i h' Tyq úiska
fidhd.kakd úYaj Yla;sh nqoaêuh
oyuhs' th mj;skafka jir
5000 ls' tu ksid nqÿ flfkla
nqÿ jkafka miajdka oyilg h'
wjidk nqÿrcdKka jykafia
f,i wm y÷kajk f.!;u
nqÿrcdKka jykafia fidhd.;a
tA i;Hh jir 2500 lska miq
CIh ù hk f;la" mj;skafka YS%
,xldfõ nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia
u foaYkd lr we;s njla ud
wid we;' th tfia úh hq;af;a
nqoaêu;=ka isákafka Y%S ,xldfõ
jk ksid h' tu ksid" fuh
nqoaêu;=kaf.a foaYhhs' fuys isák
nqoaêu;a ñksiqkaf.a ;Skaÿjg
ks.%y fkdlrk f,i w| nd,
foaYmd,k ú.%yhlhskaf.ka uu
b,a,d isáñ'
;uka m;alrk wKavqjla
jerÈ u.l hkafka kï tA
ms<sn|j oekqï §u i|yd Tjqkag
;snQ wjia:djla 77 wdKavql%u
jHjia:dfjka Wÿrd .;af;a h'
tA w;=re ue;sjrKh h' tfia
úreoaO ùug Tjqka ue;sjrKhla
meñfKk f;la n,d isáh hq;=
úh' ue;sjrK l,a oeóu ke;
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oeóu 1977 isg fï rfÜ ;snqKq
l%Svdjla úh' kshñ; fõ,djg;a
l,ska ue;sjrKhlg hEu Tjqka
ÿgqfõ fudavlula f,i h' tu
ksid" ue;sjrK l,a oukakka
ms<sn|j fujeks wjia:djl rfÜ
ñksiqka isákafka ffjrfhka h'
ffjrhlska isák .eñhd ;ukag
n,h ,enqKq úg thska m%fhdack
.kakd nj .eñfhla jQ uu
oksñ' ud l=vd l, w,a,mq .fï
pkaäkag lshkafka zzjfrka wfma
.ug" fokakï nefÜæZZ hkqfjks'
tu ksid" fujr .eñhd ;ukag
wiq jQ úg nefÜ ÿkafka h' tu
ksid thg uqyqKÿka ñksiqka jyd
i;Hh f;areï .; hq;= h' .kq
fokq lrkafka Tjqka iuÕ kï
Tjqkaf.a reÑ wreÑlï jgyd
.; hq;= h' ke; fyd;a" ish,a,
fjkiaúh yels h' ;j;a iqkdñ
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yels h' m<d;a iNd ue;sjrKh"
md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKh"
ckdêm;s ue;sjrKh tA iqkdñ
03 h' tu iqkdñ 03 g uqyqK§ug
fuh fmryqrejla lr .kak'
iqkdñ wk;=re oekqï fok
ix{d f;areï .; yels k,d
yhslr .kak' th lsÍu i|yd
Tn m%fhdackhg .; hq;af;a
Tfí yoj; fkdj fud<h h'
Tn m%fõYï lr.; hq;af;a Tfí
lg h' l:d fkdlrk ;dlal,a
fudavhd nqoaêuf;ls' l:d l<
fyd;a Tyqf.a fudavlu m%o¾Ykh
fjhs' l,ah,a n,d f.dú;eka
lsÍfï§ ld,.=Kh y÷kdf.k
f.dú;eka lsÍu fyd|
wiajeiakla i|yd w;sYh jeo.;a
h' wl=Kqj,ska m%fhdackh ,nd.
ekSu i|yd Èk .Kka n,d
jemsßh hq;= h' wl=Kq hkq fmdar
h' tu ksid" wl=Kq wjYH h'
zztu ksid fyK .ymka .Kka
n,dmkaZZ hkq f.dúhkaf.a
m%d¾:kh yd l%shd;aul ùu h'
W!j fj,a,iafia ñksiqkag fuh
uka;rhla ù we;' kuq;a W!j
fj,a,iai foaYmd,k{hskag
fuu jelsh foaYmd,k
fõosldjg f.k wdfõ h' Tjqka
fyK .ymka .Kka n,dmka
lsõfõ ldgoehs uu fkdoksñ'
ish,a, Wvqhál=re ù we;'
ish¨ foaYmd,k{hskaf.ka
uu b,a,kafka lg mßiaiï
lrf.k nqoaêu;aj foaYmd,k
ú.%ylsÍïj, fhfok f,i h'
túg Tng foaYmd,k úuqla;sh
,nd.; yels h' tfia jkafka
i;Hh jgyd .ekSug Tng
yels jk ksid h' fialr fufia
lsõfõ tA ksid h'
zzhfYdaOd mila l<d uu ;j;a
i;Hhla
id.;fhka fmf<k ;ekl
j.d fkdjk nj O¾uh
id.skafkka fmf,k whg
mila lr.; fkdyels
O¾uhZZ
YS% ,xldfõ j;=j,g
bkaÈhdfjka lïlrejka
f.kaùfï§ md,lhskag .súiqï
wjYH jqfha ke;' bkaÈhdjhs"
,xldjhs folu tu md,lhskag
tlu md,khl ;snQ ksid
h' tfia bkaÈhdfjka f.kd
ñksiqka w;r kQ.;a lïlrejka
msßila isáfha h' fndfyda úg
Tjqka fhdod .;af;a msßisÿ lsÍï
lghq;=j,g h' Tjqka ye¢kajQfha
ilals,s f,i h' kQ.;alu ksid
u fudjqka .Kka yokak okafka
ke;' tu ksid" mäh w;g .;a
Èk ? t<sfjk f;la .Kka
yo;s' tlu .d, f.daÜáhla
,hsu ;=< mgka .ks;s' lsisfjl=g
kskaola ke;' ckjyf¾ fuh
ye¢kajQfha zzilals,s mä .;a;d
jdf.aZZ f,i h' fuu wjia:dfõ
tfia fkdlr.kakd f,i uu
Tfnka b,a,d isáñ'
wkaOfhda w,shd w;.dñka we;mßirfõ§
;s,la lkafoa.u
ue;sjrK rdcldßfhka l<ukdldr iyldr ks,Odßka
lmamdÿjla2018 m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfhaoS l<ukdldr iyldr ks,OdÍkaf.
ka nyq;rhla ue;sjrK rdcldÍ i|yd fhdojd fkdue;s nj
rdcH fiajd l<ukdlrK iyldr ks,OdÍkaf.a ix.uh udOH
ksfõokhla ksl=;a lrñka m%ldY lrhs' idudkHfhka ue;sjrK
l%shdj,shloS l<ukdlrK iyldr ks,OdÍka úiska jeo.;a
ld¾hNdrhla bgq lr we;s nj;a iEu ue;sjrKhloSu iyldr
f;aÍïNdr ks,OdÍ" fcHIaG Pkao ia:dkdêm;s iy ,smsldr hk
;k;=rej,oS l<ukdlrK iyldr ks,OdÍka ;SrKd;aulj iy
j.lSï iy.;j lghq;= l< nj;a tu udOH ksfõokfha i|yka
fõ'
fujr m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKfhaoS o fiiq ue;sjrKj,oS fukau
b;d Wkkaÿfjka yd Woafhda.fhka rdcldÍ lsÍug l<ukdlrK
iyldr ks,OdÍka wfmaCId l< o fujr Tjqkag mejfrk
rdcldÍ fjk;a ia:dkj, ks,OdÍkag mjrd we;s njg rdcH
fiajd l<ukdlrK iyldr ks,OdÍkaf.a ix.uh fpdaokd lrhs'
fujr ue;sjrK rdcldÍ i|yd fhoùfïoS l<ukdlrK iyldr
ks,OdÍkag isÿ ù we;s widOdrKh ms<sn|j fidhd n,k f,i
ue;sjrK fiajd fldñIka iNdfõ iNdm;sjrhdf.ka ,sÅ;j
b,a,Sula lr we;'
úlsrK úoHd ;dCIKfõoSka j¾ckhl
osjhsk mqrd ish¨u rcfha frday,aj, úlsrK úoHd ;dCIKfõoSka
úiska 15 jeks osk isg wLKav jev j¾ckhla wdrïN lr we;s nj
jd¾;d fõ' ks,OdÍ ysÕhg úi÷ï ,nd.ekSu" wu;r fiajd f.ùï
iïnkaOfhka we;s ù ;sfnk .eg¨j,g úi÷ï ,nd .ekSu"
úlsrK m%;sldr ks,OdÍkaf.a rdcldÍ fN!;sl{jreka úiska
w;am;a lr.ekSu k;r lsÍu hk b,a,Sï ;%s;a;jh uq,a lr .ksñka
rcfha úlsrK úoHd ;dCIKfõoSkaf.a ix.ufha uQ,sl;ajfhka
fuu jev j¾ckh wdrïN lr we;'
úlsrK úoHd ;dCIKfõoSka úiska b,a,Sï lsysmhla uq,a lr
.ksñka óg fmr o wjia:d lsysmhloS jev j¾ck i|yd fhduqùug
;SrKh l< w;r fi!LH n,OdÍkaf.a ueosy;aùfuka tu jD;a;Sh
l%shdud¾. w;aysgqjk ,os' flfia jqj;a ish b,a,Sï iïnkaOfhka
isÿ l< ,sÅ; oekqïoSïj,g rch úiska ie<lsh hq;= wjOdkhla
fhduq fkdl< nj;a ish jD;a;Sh l%shdud¾. wjika lsÍug ñi
jD;a;Sh .eg¨j,g úi÷ï ,nd oSug n,OdÍka lghq;= fkdl<
nj;a rcfha úlsrK úoHd ;dCIKfõoSkaf.a ix.uh fpdaokd
lrhs'
lïlre wr., uOHia:dkfha w;am;%sldjg úfrdaOh
bl=;a 14 jeks osk lïlre wr., uOHia:dkfha uQ,sl;ajfhka Man
Power fiajlhkaf.a jD;a;Sh iqrCIs; Ndjh ms<sn|j uyck;dj
oekqïj;a lrñka w;am;%sld fnoSfï jHdmdrhla fld<U" fldgqfõoS
l%shd;aul úh' Man Power jy,a fiajh wfydais lsÍu" ish¨u Man
Power fiajlhka iaÓr lsÍu iy iaÓr fiajlhkaf.a jegqma yd
whs;Ska lmamdÿ fkdlsÍu hk b,a,Sï ;%s;a;jh uQ,sl lr .;a
lreKq wka;¾.; lrñka fuu w;am;%sld fnod yßk ,os' tla;rd
mqoa.,fhl= úiska fufia w;am;%sld fnoñka isá lïlre wr.,
uOHia:dkfha ksfhdað;hkag neK ;¾ckh lr we;s w;r ta
mqoa.,hdf.a wkkH;djh ms<sn|j meyeos,s i|ykla ke;' flfia
jqj;a lïlre wr., uOHia:dkh m%ldY lrkafka fujka ;¾ck
yuqfõ jev lrk ck;dj fjkqfjka ;uka úiska f.k hk
wr.,h w;afkdyßk njh'
10 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
{dkl;didrd¾:f.a
;drl trkao l,afoard,shhs
05' fldgi
zfïl fÊïia t*a'
f;dïika tlaodia
kjish mkia y;frÈ
wymq m%YakhlaZ idrd¾:
ÿrl;khg ;Ügqjla oud
fïifhka mekafka h'
zuydpd¾h;=ud W;a;rhla
fokj o @Z
zm%Yakh bÈßm;a lrkak
n,kakz iamSlrh l;d lf<a
h'
zyß" flda iaúÉ tl @Z
m%Yakh ufkdag h'
zfudk iaúÉ tl o @Z
zjyf< t,af,k n,aí
tflaZ
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zfodr <ÕZ
idrd¾: iaúph jid
oeuqfõ h' ldurh w÷re ù
.sfha h'
zta mdr fudloao @Z
ufkdaf.a fkdikaiqka lgy~
w÷r ueÈka wefia'
kej; n,anh oe,ajqfKa h'
zTõ ug mq¿jka n,aí tl
ksjkakhs ´*a lrkakhs" fï
iaúÉ tflka'Z idrd¾: lSfõ h'
zksjkjhs ´*a lrkjhs folu
tlhsZ ufkda jyd ;ud úiska
w,ajd .;a m<uq je/oao jyd
bÈßm;a lf,a h'
idrd¾:f.a uqyqK §ma;su;a
úh' zwyd Tn fyd|g wyf.k
bkakjdZ
zfukak fïlhs m%YafkZ
Tyq úlafgdaßhdkq kdgH
rx. ffY,shla .;af;a h'
zuf. wf;a ;sfhkjd ghsu¾
Trf,daiqjla' wks;a w;ska iaúÉ
tl Tka lrkakhs ´*a lrkakhs
mq¿jka' oeka uu iQodkï
fmdä jevlg' ug ta jefâg
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.sh .uka ´*a lrkjd' B<Õ
úkdä wfgka tl .sh .uka
Tka lrkjd' ta lshkafk
l,ska j;dfj ld, wka;frka
yß wvla .sh .uka uu iaúÉ
tl fjkia lrkjd'Z
idrd¾: ufkdaf.a fïih
wjqiaid lvodishla f.k l=regq
.dkakg úh' zfufyuZ
0.000 On
1.000 Off
1.500 On
1.750 Off
1.875 On
''' '''
2'000 @
zoeka m%Yafk f;afrkj we;s'
f;dïika wykafk úkdä fol
bjrjqKdg miafi n,aí tl
m;a;= fj,d ;sfhhs o ksú,d
;sfhhs o lsh,' W;a;rhla
;sfhkj kï lshkak n,kak'Z
È. ksyeçhdjla me;sr .sfha
h'
zm;a;= fj,d ;sfhkj
lsõfjd;aZ ufkda lsis u
úYajdihlska lshQjla fkdfõ
th'
zm;a;= fj,d ;snqfKd;aZ
idrd¾: lshhs' zu;l
;shd.kak fïl jdr
wkka;hl l%shdjla'
wjidkhla ke;s ksid
m;a;= fj,d ;snqfKd;a
B<Õg wksjd¾h ksú,d
;sfhk wjia:djla
;sfhkjd' ta jf.a u
ksú,d ;sfhk wjia:djla
msgqmi wksjd¾h m;a;=
fj,d ;sfhk wjia:djla
;sfhkjd'Z
zyaïï'''Z ufkda wiqkg
nr úh'
z.%kaä fY%a‚hZ y~la
weiqfKa h' uydpd¾h Y%S;s'
idrd¾: fïihg ke.
ÿrl;khg fnßyka ÿkafka h'
zkshuhs uydpd¾h;=ud wkak
Tn l;d lrkjdZ
-;j fldgila ,nk i;sfha
fldñhqksiaÜ m%ldYkh
,Sùu ld,a udlaia
- fm%âßla tax.,aia iuÕ wdrïN
flf<a 1847 foieïn¾ udifha
§ h' 1848 ckjdß wjidkfha
§ ,shd ksulrk ,o tu
lD;sfha wruqK jqfha ta jk
úg hqfrdamfha j¾Okh fjñka
meje;s fldñhqksiaÜ jHdmdrfha
idudðlhka wkd.;fha §
we;sfjk foaYmd,k igkaj,g
kHdhsl yd foaYmd,k jYfhka
iQodkï lsÍu b;d jeo.;a
ld¾hNdrh f,i Tjqka ie,l=
neúks'
fuu uyÕ= ld¾hNdrh udlaia
yd tx.,aia fj; mjrk ,oafoa
1847 fkdjeïn¾ 8 jeksod olajd
meje;s fldñhqksiaÜjrekaf.a
ix.ufha fojk iuq¿fõ § h'
ch.%yKhla
fuh udlaia iy tx.,aiaf.a
kHdhsl yd foaYmd,ksl jYfhka
,enq w;s úYd, ch.%yKhla úh'
fuys jeo.;alu iïmQ¾K jYfhka
w.h l< yelafla bka blaì;sj
f,dalfha we;s jq j¾Okhka iu.
ii|d ne,Sfï§ h' zzfldñhqksiaÜ
mlaIfha m%ldYkhZZ úoHd;aul
fldñhqksiaÜjdofha m%:u igka
uÕ fmkajk ,shú,a,ls' udlaia
iy tx.,aia úiska ,shk ,o
fuh fY%aIaG;u lD;shla jk
w;r Tjqkaf.a o¾Ykfha ixhqla;
fldgia ;=k jq o¾Ykjdoh"
foaYmd,k wd¾Ól úoHdj iy
úoHd;aul iudcjdoh úia;r
lefrk ixlaIsma; mQ¾K uQ,O¾u
iys; l%ñl úia;rhla tu.ska
Tjqyq bÈßm;a l<y'
fuu lD;sfha kHdhsl
fmdfydi;a nj .ek ù'whs
f,kska fufia ,shqfõ h' zzfuu
lD;sh u.ska iqmeyeÈ,s iy
§ma;su;a nfjlska hq;=j m%{djka;
f,i iudÔh Ôú;hg n,mdk
øjHjdoh .ek;a ixj¾Okh
ms<sn| wre;a ire O¾uhla iy
Wmßuh jYfhka i¾j iïmQ¾K
ohf,la;sl úoHdj .ek;a"
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ iudcfha kj
ks¾udKlhd jk ks¾Ok mka;sh"
mx;s wr.,h wrNhd jq kHdhsl
iy iuia; f,dal ft;sydisl
l%shd l,dmh .ek;a jq c.;a
o¾Ykh l%udkql+, f,i Ñ;%hg
k.d we;'ZZ
ft;sydisl fN!;sljdofha
kHdhsl mQ¾j ;;a;ajhka Wmfhda.s
lr .;a fuu lD;sfha l;=jre
tu m%;súfrdaO;d iys; iudcfha
;;a;aj hgf;a ixj¾Okfha
.dul n,fõ.h f,i l%shd le/
kafka mx;s wr.,h nj kHdhsl
f,i iQ;%.; l<y' fuf;la
meje;s ish¨ iudcj, b;sydih
mka;s wr.,j, b;sydih úh'
udlaiajdofha ks¾ud;Djrhka
úiska fidhd .kakd ,o iQrdlk
iudcfha ixj¾Okh yd úkdYh
ms<sn| kHdh u Okjd§ iudchg;a
n,mdk nj Tjqyq Tmamq l< y'
tu i;H kHdhsl f,i ikd:
lrkqjia fuu ld;sfha zzOkm;s
mka;sh iy ks¾ok mka;shZZ
kue;s m%:u mßÉfþoh lemfldg
we;'
fuys Okjd§ iudch
ft;sydisl f,i úYaf,aIKhg
Ndckh fõ' tys mekke.Su iy
ixj¾Okh kSÍlaIK lrñka" tu
iudchg wdfõKsl wNHka;ßl
m%;súfrdaO;d fy<sfldg" tajd
úiska ksrdhdifhkau th
úkdYhg hjk ieá fy<s lrhs'
ro,Z iudch Èrdm;a ùfï iy
úkdYùfï m,hla f,i Okm;s
iudch ìysúh'
lïy,aj, ksIamdokh we;s
fjñka ksIamdok n,fõ.
hka ;jÿrg;a w;s úYd, f,i
j¾Okh ùu .ek;a tu lD;sh
ksis we.ehSula lrhs' tfia jqjo
ixj¾Okfha tla;rd wjêhl §
Okjdoh ksIamdok n,fõ.hkaf.a
j¾Okhg ndOdjla njg m;afõ'
oi ,laI ixLHd; lïlrejka
lïy,aj,g talrdYS lrk Okm;s
l%uh ksIamdok l%shdoduhg
fmdÿ iudchSh iajrEmhla ,nd
fohs' tfy;a ksIamdokfha fï
iudÔh iajrEmh úiska ksIamdok
udOHhka f.a whs;sh iudch i;=
lsÍula b,a,d isà' tfia jqjo
th ;jÿrg;a fm!oa.,sl Okm;s
whs;sh f,i mj;S' ksIamdok
udOHhka f.a fuu fm!oa.,sl
whs;sh ksIamdok n,fõ.hka
f.a bÈß j¾Okh hoïj,ska
ne| ;nhs' úkdYfhka ksIamdok
n,fõ. fírd .ekSu o ñksia
YsIagdpdrh úiska ,nk ,o
uyÕ= m, wdrlaId lr .ekSuo"
hym;a wkd.;hla i|yd ñksia
ixy;shg u. fy<s lsÍu o l<
yelafla ks¾Ok mka;s úma,jhg
muKls'
fuu lD;sfha fojeks
mßÉfþoh zzks¾Okfhda iy
fldñhqksiaÜjd§fhdaZZ ks¾Ok
mka;sh foaYmd,k mlaIhla
ixúOdkh lsÍfï w;HjYH;dj
ikd: lsÍug o" tys l%shd
l,dmh" wruqKq yd ld¾hh
Ndrhka úia;r lsÍugo lemù
we;' ks¾ok mka;sh foaymd,k
mlaIhla ms<sn| W.ekaùfï
moku fuys§ udlaia iy tx.,aia
bÈßm;a lr;s'
uQ, O¾uh
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ka f.a
kHdhsl uQ,O¾u iy Tjqkaf.a
ienE wruqKq fy<slrk
udlaiajdofha ks¾ud;Djrfhda"
fldñhqksiaÜjrekg úreoaOj
lrk igfka§ fldñhqksiaÜjdofha
y;=rka nyqck;dj rjgkq
msKsi weondk fndre iy
oafõI iy.; m%pdr lgql yd
;shqKq Wmydifhka fy,sorjq
lr;s' k.rfha iy .fï iq¿
Okm;ska ìh .kajkq msKsi;a"
Tjqka ks¾OkSkag úreoaO j Wis
.kajkq msKsi;a" Okm;Ska i;=
foafmd< muKla fkdj" kd.ßl
iq¿ Okm;Ska f.a iy .ïj,
f.dùka f.a fm!oa.,sl foam<
o úkdY lr;shs lsh;s' fujeks
fndre m%pdr ksIam%N lrk
udlaia iy tx.,aia l=vd foafmd<
whs;sh úkdY lr oukafka
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ka fkdj Okm;s
l%uh;a uy mßudK l¾udka;
nj Tmamq lr;s' Okm;s iudch
;=< n,mdk uQ,O¾uh Y%%uh
jeh lrkakd lsisjla ,nd fkd.
kS' yeu fohla u ,nd .kakd
Y%uh jeh fkdlrhsZZ' Y%uh jev
lrk ck;djf.a fmdfydi;a
lsÍfï iy Ôú;h ieye,a¨
lsÍfï udOHhla njg m;ajkafka
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ iudchla ;=<
muKls'
fldñhqksiÜjd§ka fm!oa.,sl
ksoyi we;=¿ il, úê ksoyi
úkdY lrk nj lshñka Tjqka msg
oafõI iy.; f,i jro mgj;s'
fuh m%;slafIam lrk udlaia iy
tx.,aia we;a; jYfhka u Okm;s
l%uh ;=< mj;sk zzfm!oa.,sl
ksoyiZZ l=ula±hs úia;r l<y'
zzOkm;s iudch ;=< m%d.aOkh"
ksoyi iy fm!oa.,sl;ajhla
,nd .kakd w;r Y%uh jeh
lrkakka f.a fm!oa.,sl;ajh
wfydais o fjhs'ZZ
fuu in|;dj úkdY lsÍu
Okm;s mka;sh y÷kajkafka
fm!oa.,sl;ajh iy ksoyi ir,
lsÍula f,isks' th i;Hhls'
we;a; jYfhka u fuys§ Okjd§
iajdëk;ajh iy Okjd§ ksoyi
wfydais ùuls' zz fm!oa.,sl;ajfha
ienE ksoyi iy;sl l<
yelafla o Okjd§ iajdëk;ajh
iy Okjd§ ksoyi iy;sl l<
yelafla o Okjd§ iQrdlEu
iy il,úê mE.Sï wfydais
le/,Sfuks' lïlre mka;sl
iy fldñhqksiagjd§jHdmdrfha
b;d jeo.;a uQ,O¾uh jk
ks¾Ok mka;sh cd;Hka;rjdofha
kHdhsl f,i ;yjqre lsÍu'
zzfldñhqksiaÜ m%ldYkfhysZZ
wvx.= fõ' ks¾ok mka;sfha
ch.%yKhka iuÕ il,úê
cd;sl fNao Nskakùïj,g iy
tla cd;shla jy,a Ndjh weo ±óu
iïmQ¾Kfhka u w;=reoyka jk
nj udlaiajdofha ks¾ud;Djrhd
l,a;nd ÿgy' hqoaO úiska f.fkkq
,nk oyila úm;a yd ÿla
lrorj,ska ñksia ixy;sh uqojd
.; yelafla ks¾Ok mka;shg
muKls' mqoa.,hl= úiska ;j;a
mqoa.,hl= iQrdlEu o wfydais
lrekq we;' cd;shla ;=< we;s
mka;s m%;súfrdaO;d wfydaisùu;a
iuÕu cd;Ska w;r we;s i;=re
wdl,am o wfydais jkq we;'
ks¾Ok mka;sl fkdj iudcjd§ u;jdohka
zzks¾Ok mka;sh ish foaYmd,k
wdêm;H mdúÉÑ le/ñka
mshjfrka mshjr uq¿ uy;a
m%d.aOkh u Okm;s mka;sfhka
Wÿrd .ekSug;a" rdcHh ysñ
mka;sh f,i ixúOdh jq
ks¾Ok mka;sh keue;s rdcHfha
yia;fhys ksIamdok WmlrK
ish,a, flakaø.; lsÍug;a"
ksIamdok n,fõ.hka f.a
iuia;h yels ;rï blaukska
jeä lsÍug;a l%shd lrkq we;'ZZ
tu lD;sfha f;jeks
mßÉfþofhka iudcjdofha
Och hgf;a tjlg meje;s úúO
ks¾Ok mka;sl fkdjk W.ekaùï
úfõpkhg yiq fldg we;' fuu
W.ekaùïj, ;sfnk idjoH
ndjh iy i;=re nj Tmamq lrk
udlaia yd tx.,aia tys mka;suh
uq,a fy,s le/;s'ZZ fldñhqksiaÜ
m%ldYkfha ZZ y;rjeks mrÉfþoh
uÕska zz úúO rgj, úreoaO mlaI
wrNhd fldñhqksiaÜjd§kaf.a
ia:djrhZz keue;s isria;,h
hgf;a fldñhqksiaÜjrekaf.a
fmdÿ kHdhsl mokï iy
Wml%u igykafldg we;'
ks¾Ok mka;sfha foaYmd,k
m%;sm;a;sh yev .eiaùu i|yd
øjHjd§ ohf,la;sl úoHdj
Wmfhda.S lr.;a udlaiajdofha
ks¾ud;Djrfhda" ks¾Ok mka;sh
foaYmd,k mlaIfha Wml%u ms<sn|
úoHd;aul fldñhqksiaÜjd§ uQ,sl
ia:djrh fuf,i iQ;%.; l<y'
fldñhqksiaÜjre lïlre mka;sfha
yÈis wruqKq iy jqjukdjka
i|yd igka lr;s' ta w;ru Tjqyq
wkd.; wruqKq i|ydo igka
lr;s'ZZ zzfldñhqksiaÜ mlaIfha
m%ldYkhZz wjika jkafka
ks¾Ok mka;sh úma,jhg lrk
újD; iy fm%!v wdhdpkfhlsks'
zzfldñhqksiaÜjd§ úma,jh
bÈßfha § md,l mka;sh ìfhka
ief,;ajd' iajlSh ú,x.= yer
ke;sùug ks¾OkSkag wka lsisjla
ke;' Èkd .ekSug f,dalhla
Tjqkg we;' ks¾Ok mka;sfha
ixl,am úoHdj" lïlre mka;s
jHdmdrfha kHdhsl o¾Ykh jk
udlaiajdoh 1848 - 1849 hqfrdamfha
ks¾Ok mka;s wr., iy 1871
m%xYfha meßia lïlrejkaf.a
m%:u ke.sàu jq meßia fldñhqkh
mrdch ùfuka miq hqfrdamfha
we;s jq úma,jjd§ isoaëkaj,
ft;sydiSh ikd: lsÍula lrkq
,eîh'
1882 fldñhqksiaÜ m%ldYkfha
2 jk reishka uqøKhg ,shq
fmrjofkka udlaia yd tx.,aia
fufia i|yka lf<ah'zz reishdj
1848-1849 úma,ùh iufha§
hqfrdamfha rdc l=udrhskag
muKla fkdj" hqfrdamfha Okm;s
mka;shgo" tjlg wjÈ ùug mgka
f.k isá ks¾Ok mka;sfhka
.e<ùfï tlu ud¾.h ie,iS
;snqfKa reishdkq ueÈy;a ùfuka
muKls' hqfrdamSh m%;s.dó;ajfha
kdhlhd f,i id¾ rcq m%ldYhg
m;a lrk ,§' wo id¾ rcq
úma,jfhys hqo isrlrejl= njg
m;a ù isà' reishdj hqfrdamsSh
úma,jfhys mqfrda.dó n, weKsh
njg m;a ù isà'
kQ;k Okjd§ foafmd<
whs;sfhys fkdje<ela úh yels
iy <xfjñka mj;sk úkdYh
m%ldYhg m;a lsÍu ZZ fldñhqksiaÜ
m%ldYkfhys ZZ wruqK úh' tfy;a
reishdfõ iS.%fhka j¾Okh jk
OfkaYajr fld,a,hg;a" ÈhqKq
ùug mgka f.k ;sfnk Okjd§
bvï foafmd< whs;Shg;a uqyqKg
uqyqk ,d bvï j,ska yß wvlg;a
jeäh f.dùkaf.a fmdÿ whs;shg
hg;aù we;s ieá wms olsuq'
zz wo fï m%Yakhg Èhyels tlu
ms<s;=r fufiah' tllska wksl
iïmQ¾K jkfia reishka úma,jh
ngysr ks¾Ok mka;s úma,jhg
mQ¾j ksñ;a; jkafka kï "
bvï ms<sn| iuld,Sk reishdkq
fmdÿ whs;sh fldñhqksiaÜjd§
j¾Okhl wdrïNl fudfyd;
jkq we;'
1848 j¾Ifha §
,shd m%ldYhg m;a
l< fldñhqksiaÜ
m%ldYkhg 2018
j¾Ifha fmnrjdß 21
jk odg wjqreÿ
170la iïmQ¾K fõ'
fï ,smsh m< jkafka
ta ksñ;af;ks'
úoHd;aul iudcjdofha m%:u igka uÕ fldñhqksiaÜ m%ldYkh
tia'iqoisxy"
ksfhdacH m%Odk f,alï"Y%S ,xldfõ fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh
11 msgqjg
11 2018 fmnrjdß 18 jeks od bßod
,nk i;shg'''
mßj¾;kh bkaÈl fmf¾rd
Tn mdi,a hk ld,fha;a l¿
iqÿ fNaoh ;sfhkakg we;s''@
keye' tfyu fn§ula
m%isoaêfha ;snqfKa keye'
ienkSgdfõ fyda nßkdiaj,
kï tfyu olskakg mq¿jka
jqfKa keye' uu l=vd mka;sj,
isáh§;a iqÿ cd;slhka jqKq
fld¾fudfgda ,skdfria
mjqf,a <uhskg w;sf¾l
b.ekaùï l<d' Tjqka wmg
l¿ cd;slfhl=f.a <uhska
f,i ie<l=fõ keye' kuq;a
Tjqka fjku u m%foaYj,g
f.dKqfjñka ;snqkd' kuq;a tajd
ol=Kq w*%sldfõ isÿjqKd fuka
wmlS¾;su;a f,i isÿjqfKa
keye'
fíia fnda,a ksid Tn
ckm%sh;ajhg m;afjkjd'''æ
tfyu lshkakgu neye'
kuq;a wfma lKavdhu;a uu;a
úfYaIfhka ;j lsysmfofkl=;a
ms<sn| ;ek ;ek l;djqKd'
mqj;am;a wmj jd¾;d lf<a
yßu wvqfjka' kuq;a láka lg
hdfuka kï wvqjla ;snqfKa
r;a;rx ju;aldrhd lsõfõ ughskeye' udj ye¢kajqfha —r;a;rx
ju;aldrhd˜ f,i' tal k.rfha
yeu;ekï m%isoaO fjñka
;snqKd' ud Ôú;fha m<uqjrg
.‚ld ksjdihlg .shd u
t;ek ysgmq ,iaik fl,a,la
uf.a w;ska weof.k .sfh;a
—tkak uf.a r;%ka ju;aldrhd˜
lshñka'
fudì,a iud.fuka miafia
wmg —fldkaáfkkag,a
f¾äfhdafjka˜ Woõ l<d'
Tjqkag fudì,a jf.a fkdfjhs
Tjqkag hï jevigykla ;snqKd'
uu l<uKdldrjrhd f,i
jev l<;a Tjqka f¾äfhdafõ
ksIamdoljrfhl= jqKq
we,ajrdfoda l<ukdldrjrhd
f,i m;afldg tjd
;snqKd' we;af;kau uu
l<uKdldÍ;ajh bf.k .;af;a
Tyqf.ka' Tyq m;a;r l,djg
wu;rj .=jkaúÿ,s l,djg
wu;rj fíiafnda,a .ek fyd¢ka
oek isáhd' Tyq wfma ÿmam;a
miqìu .ek;a oekf.k ysáhd'
Tyq wmg fm!oa.,slju;a
fjkhï wkq.%dylhka udAr.
fhkq;a Woõ l<d'
fldkaáfkkag,a f¾äfhdafjka
wmg úYd, m%pdrhla
,enqKd' we,afjrdfoda Tyqf.a
jevigykaj,ska wmg f,dl=
bvla ,ndÿkakd' ta yryd kï
m%isoaêhla ,enqKd'
fï fjkfldg wm m%n,
fukau jD;a;Sh lKavdhï
iu`. ;r. lrk ;eklg tñka
;snqfKa'
fï ksid wOHdmkh
u.yefrkakg we;s''@
yaï''' keye tfyug;a keye'
wOHdmksl lghq;=;a bfíu
flreKd' tal wr iycfhka
wd olaI;d ksid fjkakg;a
we;s' ta jqk;a wfkla whg kï
wOHdmkh ms<sn| Wkkaÿj
wvqfjñka ;snqKd' iuyr whg
uu fm!oa.,slju ueÈy;a fj,d
fmd;mf;a jev lshdÿkakd'
ta whf.a lgl;dj,ska ;j;a
wu;r whg;a ug W.kajkakg
isÿjqKd' fï w;sf¾l
b.ekaùïj,ska hï hï jdis o
we;sjqKd' uu mdvï lshdÿka
wh w;f¾ rEu;a bfkia
frdidf,ia jf.au nßkdia
mqrm;s jqKq fodia;r fâúâ
ue,afodkdfvdaf.a Èh‚h
;dfhia ue,afodkdfvda;a b;d
mshlre wh'
ta;a ld,hla hoaÈ uf.a
fï jev ksid wOHdmksl
lghq;=j,g wjOdkh ke;sjqKd
fuka oekqkd'
fíiafnda,a fjkqfjka ug
ojfika jeä ld,hla .;
lrkakg isÿjqKd' nßkdiaj,
fi,a,ï lr lr ðgmq wms m<d;a
uÜgfuka l%Svd l<d' B<Õg
wmg cd;sl l%Svd Wf<,j,aj,g
nßkdia ksfhdackh lrkakg
isÿjqKd' Wfoa yji uykais
ù mqyqKqùïj, fhÿKq ksid
YdÍßlj f,dl= fmkqula
;snqKdg úNd.j, ,l=Kq flÜgq
fjkakg mgka .;a;d' ;d;a;d
uf.a ,l=Kq wvqùu oekf.k
isáhd' Tyq Bg fya;=j;a
oekf.k isáhd'
fíiafnda,a''@
Tõ' wdÉÑ wïud;a uf.a
fíiafnda,a .ek Wkkaÿfjkakg
mgka .;a;d' weh uf.a ,l=Kq
.ek;a oekf.k isáhd' ta
jf.au ljodj;a fíiafnda,a
.ek Wkkaÿjla fkdoelajQ
weh;a ál ál fíiafnda,a .ek
Wkkaÿfjka l;d l<d'
wjidkfha uf.a m<uq
b,lalh njg fíiafnda,a
m;ajqKd' 1969 wf.daia;=fõ
ta b,lalh iaÓr lrñka
cd;sl l‚IaG lKavdhug
udj f;dard.ekqkd' l‚IaG
lKavdhug l%Svlhka f;dard.
kak jhia iSudj jqfKa oyihg
wvq yd myf,dfjka by<'
ta;a l%svd iudc fndfyduhla
lf<a jxpdj' Tjqka fndre
ye÷kqïm;a yo,d ,shlshú<s
bÈßm;alr,d lKavdhug
we;=¿ l<d' fcdfh,a iqwdfria
tlal uu ;uhs nßkdiaj,ska
f;aÍm;ajqfKa' wms fokakdg
ú;rla fjkakg we;s kshñ;
jhfia ksjerÈ ,shlshú,s
;snqfKa' wfkla yefudagu jhi
fjkia lrk ,o ,shlshú<s
Tjqkaf.a l%Svd iudcj,ska
ili,d ;snqKd' iuyr whg ta
fjkfldg;a wjqreÿ úiailg
jvd jhihs'
Tng ;rÕ lrkakg jqfKa
jeäysá lKavdhula tlal''@
Tjqka yeu me;af;kau
jeäysáhka jqKd' wjqreÿ oyifha
yeÿkqïm;a ;shdf.k úiai
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jir foiShlg wêl ld,hla mdrïmßlj Ôj;ajk ck;dj
wkjir mosxÑ lrejka nj fmkajñka o Tjqka wvq wdodhï ,dNSka
f,i fmkajñka o W;aidy .kafka b;d fidÉpï jkaos uqo,la
f.jd fudjqka Wmka .ïìïj,ska fkrmd yeÍuhs'
ixj¾Okh rglg wjYHh' ,xldfõ ixj¾Okh lS iefkka
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wj;eka lsÍï h' fïjd hg ie`.ù we;af;a fldñia uqo,a h' ck;djg
bka w;ajk mSvdj ms<sn|j lsisfjl= ie<ls,su;a jkafka ke;'
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;shlska msßila wj;ekajk nj ienEh' tfy;a
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msßilg hym;la isÿjk úg ta fjkqfjka lem lsÍï l< ck;dj
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ixj¾Okhg wm lsisfia;a úreoaO ke;' tfy;a wjidkfha
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tfia;a fkdue;skï .ug wju ydksjk wdldrfha neïfuys Wi
m%udKh wvqlrkafka kï fuu fomsßigu ms<s;=re ,efnkq we;'
.ïjeishka m%ldY lrk wdldrhg jeõ neïu iúu;a fkdjqK
fyd;a isÿjk úkdYh o iq¨mgq fkdfõ' wfkla me;af;ka ks<Odß
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l%uhg úreoaOj lrk wr.,fha ch fukau mrdchka iys;
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fjkia úh' zzlïlre mka;sfha úuqla;sh <Õd lr,sh yelafla
lïlre mka;shguZz hk u;h udlaia yd tx.,aia úiska uq,
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úma,h jeks iudc úma,j j,ska iksgqyka jkafka fldñhqksiaÜ
m%ldYkh u.ska udlaia yd tx.,aia i|yka l< wkd.; iudc
ixj¾Okh ms<sn| ú.%yhkah'
10 msgqfjka''' úoHd;aul iudcjdofha
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we;a; ksji" wxl 91"
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fmnrjdß ck;d ;Skaÿj 2018 m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKh fkdfyd;a mqxÑ Pkaoh uy
Pkaohla njg m;a úh' ckdêm;sjrKhl § fyda md¾,sfïka;=
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nj ms<s.;a i;Hhls' 2018 fmnrjdßfha § w;aÿgq mqxÑ Pkaoh
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meje;aùug yels úh'
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jQ flaøSh idOlhla jqj o by;ska ±lajQ idOl ls%hd;aul ùu bgq
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meje;aùug wjia:djla fkdt<ôK' fï nj jvd;a fyd¢ka okakd
fofokd jkafka ysgmq ckdêm;skS pkaøsld l=udr;=x. iy ysgmq
ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaIhs' Ôj;=ka w;r isák ysgmq úOdhl
ckdêm;sjre fofokd Tjqka muK h' Tjqka fofokd hgf;a"
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fofokd Tjqka h'
ñka wm woyia lrkafka wm ,enQ ch.%yKhka wr., ;=<ska
ck;dj úiska u ,nd.;a ch.%yKhla nj iksgqyka lsÍu wjYH
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ck;d wr.,hl b;sydi hhs' fuu wr.,fha § Bg yria jQ
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ye÷kqïm; wkdjd¾h lsÍu ms<sn| ue;sjrK ixfYdaOkh 2009
olajd ls%hd;aul fkdjQfha wehs@ Èjx.; nKavdrkdhl uy;d
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ls%hd;aul lsÍfï n,h ;snQ wud;Hjrhd ljfrl= jqj o ls%hd;aul
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ndOlhls' ¥Is; Pkaoh ;u mka;shg jdis jQ neúKs' 2009 §
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fndfyda cd;sl m%Yakj, § ndOlh jkafka o fuu m%Odk mlaI
fofla fmdÿ tlÕ;ajh ,nd .ekSug ;snQ fkdyelshdjhs'
2018 m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKh msßisÿ" ksoyia idOdrK
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fkdjkakg ;snqKs' tys§ tu j.lSu" fkdmsßfy,d bgq l<
j;auka ;s%mqoa., fldñifï N+ñldj lsis f,ilska wj;lafiare
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úh' fmd,Sish Rcqj ls%hd;aul jQfha ue;sjrK fldñiu hgf;a
h' th wfma m<uq w;a±lSuhs'
ñka fmr" ta i|yd ksfhda.h §u fyda wjirh ,nd ÿkafka
fmd,Sish Ndr wud;Hjrhd h' ke;akï" wud;HxY f,alïjrhd
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j;auka mrmqrg tajd ms<sn| wjfndaOhla ke;' ±k .ekSug
b;sydihla ;snqk o jd¾;d .; ù ke;'
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ixialD;sfha u m%Odk ,laIK hhs' ksudjg m;a jQ mxÑ Pkaoh
meje;s ld,h ;=< Pkao wfmalaIlhska úiska ;u ksjdi ;=<—Pkao
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ls%hd W;aikak ù we;' tajd ke;s lsÍu ue;sjrK fldñiug
mejfrk ld¾hhla fkdfõ' wdrlaIl wxYfha ld¾hNdrhls' 2015
ckjdßj, § fkdÿgq mYapd;a m%pKav ls%hd we;sùu j,lajd,Su
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2018 fmnrjdßj,ska Tíng ;j ÿr .ukla hEug we;' tfia
jqj o wm ,nd we;s ch.%yKh lsisfia;a wj;lafiare l< hq;=
fkdfõ'
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hq;af;a ft;sydisl fldaKfhks' tlS isoaëka ksjerÈ f,i w¾:
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Tyq ufya, chj¾Ok 20$20
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;rug u oefkk"yefÕk
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jvd;a tu flaIa;%fha l;dnyg
,lajkafka mqyqKqldßhl f,i h'
Bg m%Odk jYfhkau n,mdkafka
jeà ;snQ fkÜfnda,a l%Svdj h<s
wdishdfõ ysks fm;a;g Tijd
;eîug uÕ fmkajk weh 2009 Y%S
,xldjg wdishdkq l=i,dkh Èkd
fokafka tf;la jeäu mr;rhlska
Y%S ,xldj ÈkQ wdishdkq l=i,dkh
th njg m;a lrñka h'
kuq;a th wehg fyda ,xldjg
jdikdj f.fkk chla fkdù
h' f,dal fYa%Ks.; lsÍïj,
m<uq 14 w;rg meñK ;snQ Y%S
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tys mqyqKq wOHlaIjßh f,i h'
—uf. ys; ;snqfK fufy' wmsg
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—uf.a yelshdjkaf.ka jevla
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mßÈ weh lKavdhï ixhq;sfha
;snQ Ydßßl fhda.H;djh iy ord
.ekSfï yelshdjg m%uqL;djh
foñka fï Èkj, mqyqKq ieis
fufyhjkafka h'
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lsÍï ueo lKavdhu mqyqKq ;rÕ
i|yd u,dú wrx .shd' wekavDD
o fu,a lshk ,dxlslhd wfma
<uhskag ta mßirh ;ukaf.
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ta wh fyd| udkisl;ajhlska
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tal ;uhs wdishdj fjkog
jvd iqúfYaIS úÈyg wms ta mdr
ch.;af;a'˜
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´ks' lKavdhï l%SvdjlÈ
tal yefudau tld jf. fnod
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uÜgulg' yefudau Wmßuh
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ta Tiafia wwf.a u;lh ;¾ckS
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ch .;a;d fkfuhs lsh,d'
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weh wehg ,efnk fl;rï
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nef,kjd'˜
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;uka mqyqKqldr OQrh orkakg
fmr fukau Bg miq o lKavdhfï
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weh fmkajd fokakS h'
—tlafld iuyr n,OdÍkaf.
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me;sfrkak ÿkakd' ke;akï
iuyre tal úYajdi lrf.k
lKavdhula yeáhg ÈhqKq
fkdlr ;¾ckSf.ka hefmkak
.sysx ,xldfj fkÜfnda,a
jefgkak ÿkakd˜
;s,ld yeu wNHdihl§ u" yeu
ldrKhl§u tfia lrkafka wehs"
tfia lshkafka wehs hkqfjka
fya;= oelaúh yels wkaofï
oekqj;a Ndjhlska fmdfydi;a h'
—tal uu bf.k.;af;a uf.a
i¾f.ka˜
;s,ldf.a i¾ hkq l%Svdfõ
m%dfhda.sl iy ffioaOdka;sl
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l%Svlhd hula l< hq;af;a wehs o
hkak ms<sn|j l%Svlhdg wjfndaO
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wfhls'
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ug;a ´ks uf.a yevh uf.a
l%Svlhkaf.ka olskak'˜
ta jpk weh b;sydifha wjia:dj
,o ieu wjia:djlu ikd: lr
fmkakqjd h'
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fkfuhs' yÈisfh Í-maf,aia
tlla uf.a àï tfla wdfjd;a
t;kg odkak;a ;sfhkafk ta
jf.u nq,Ü tlla' uf.a àï tl
fkfuhs wjidk ixÑ;hu nq,Ü'
ta lshkafk nq,Ü 12 la'˜
wehf.a uqfjka .,d tkafka
jpk njg fm/,s uyd úYajdihla
h' ta úYajdih t<efUk wdishdkq
l=i,dkh jkq we;' wdishdfõ oe,a
mkaÿ /ðKshka ljodj;a ke;sj
fydxfldxj,g;a jvd msgqmiska
f,dal fYa%Ks.; lsÍïj, isák
fudfyd;l" kej; weh iuqf.k
hoa§ f,dal uÜgfï Èkd § ;snQ
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iQr;djh o ,xldjg Èkd fokakg
iQodkï h'
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hk tl kj;a;kakhs iuyrekg
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tlla keye' taflka wjqreÿ
.dKla ú|mq mdvï ;sfhk
ksid' ta jf.u uu;a fï mdr ta
b,lalh imqrdf.k f,dalfha
wjOdkhg wfma lKavdhu
<Õd lrjkak n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjkjd˜
weh mjikafka 2009g;a
jvd ;reK idudkHhla fï
lKavdhfï ;sfnk nj h'
ta ksid cjh ms<sn| ksjerÈ
u. fmkaùula l< úg fyd|
Yla;sjka; lKavdhula ;efkkq
we;s nj weh im; lrkakS h'
wms ta im: lsÍu ms<snoj
úYajdih ;nkafkuq' rn¾ fnda,
Èfha Tínd ;nd .; yelafla
w,a,d isák flkdg w; ßfoklï
muKs' ;s,ld fjkqfjka ta foaj,a
´kEjg;a jvd isÿ úh' kuq;a tajd
flÈkl fyda hgm;a ù olaIhdf.a
u;=ùu wksjd¾fhka isÿjkafka
h'
;s,ldæ Tng;a rgg;a ch
zwe;a;Z lS foa we;a;u nj Okxch fmkajhsY%S ,xldj ,enQ ,l=Kq 215 l
oejeka; ch.%yKh fjkqfjka
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ch.%yKfha mqfrda.dóhd jQfõ
h' Tyqf.a m<uq fgiaÜ ;r.fha
§ u lvq¨ 8 la ,l=Kq 44 g ì|
ouñka Tyq wfma igyk jvd;a
we;a; igykla njg m;a lf<a
yßhg u wm Tyq .ek igyk
;nd Èk yhla .;fjk ;ek
§ 2015 fmnrjdß 10 jk Èk
h'
u,, l%Svd msáfhka oe,amkaÿ cd;sl lKavdhug md
;nk weh jvd;a tu flaIa;%fha
l;dnyg ,lajkafka mqyqKqldßhl
f,i h'