violence against parents: family dynamics and keys for the intervention
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Violence against parents: family dynamics and keys for the intervention. Paris, 27th November 2010. Some facts. Violence against parents: an emergent phenomenon Numbers (I). About the increase of judicial complaints:. Violence against parents judicial complaints in Spain (*). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Violence against parents:family dynamics and keys for
the intervention
Paris, 27th November 2010
Some facts
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Violence against parents: an emergent phenomenonNumbers (I)
About the increase of judicial complaints:
Autonomous community
Period Increase
Cataluña 2000-2004 X 8
Valencia 2000-2004 X 14
País Vasco 2002-2003 X 3
Alicante 2003-2005 X 3
La Rioja 2005 30% de denuncias por violencia filio-parental
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Violence against parents judicial complaints in Spain(*)
60006200640066006800700072007400760078008000
2005 2006 2007
númerodedenuncias
2005 6.700
2006 7.300
2007 8.000
Increase 16.25%
(*)Source: El Correo (19/05/2008)
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Adolescence Violence against parents:Contextual and personal characteristics
Calvete, E., Orúe, I. y Sampedro, R. (2009). En Prensa
Longitudinal studies. 1.477 adolescent sample
between 12 and 17 years old. 7,2% has attacked their parents
once at least.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Relationship between women attacked and their aggressors
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Servicio de Atención Telefónica para Mujeres Víctimas de Violencia Masculina Doméstica
DEFINITION AND TYPES OF VIOLENCE
AGAINST PARENTS
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
DefinitionPhysical violence (aggressions, pushes, throwing objects) or verbal violence (repetitive insults, menaces) o non verbal violence (aggression menaces, broking appreciate objects), make them repetitive against parents or their tutors.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Violence against parents types
Traditional VAP: problem add to another big one.
New VAP: the VAP as the main problem
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“Traditional” violence against parents
Autism or serious mental deficiency.
Mental disorders: delirious or hallucinations.
Mental disorders related with
drug-addition.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“Traditional” violence against parents
Adolescents that defence themselves being victims of abuse.
Violence used as a way of protection.
Retaliation: child abused or abandoned that return the treatment when the roles change.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“New” Violence (I)
It’s a new intra-family violence model, in one hand related with the “control” and “power” and in the other, with the obtaining of objectives.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“New” Violence (II)
Children, adolescents and young people, visibly “settled down”, with more or less violence behaviour extended, but often reduce to the family surrounding.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“New” Violence (III)
Often Drug-taking. But these consumes don’t appear in the “centre” of the problem, “additional” problem or “facilitator” of the violence.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
“New” Violence (IV)
Violence in “scale”: it starts with insults, continues with menaces and breaking objects and finishes with physical aggressions more and more serious.
This process could take years.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
General facts (I)
Prevalence: very different numbers and little credible (from 0,6 to 16 %)
Age: often old parentsSocial level: from every socio-economical
levelGender:
Aggressor: inter-gender similar probabilityAttacked: mothers have more probabilities
SOCIAL CHANGES THAT FAVOURED VIOLENCE
AGAINST PARENTS
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (I)Educational model change:
From authoritarianism to permissiveness.
From a hierarchic model (authoritarian) to a “democratic” bad understood model.
In family and school.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (II)
Educative conflicts between parents and teachers
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (III)
in the number of children.
in the number of hours that parents stay at home: “key children”.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (IV)
Changes in family models: Nuclear family < 50 %
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (V)
Changes in the family cycle: delay in the medium age of paternity
↓ “Aged parents”
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Social changes (VI)
More permissive society with aggressive behaviour from children and less from the parents.
in the violent messages in de Media.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Pseudo-independence
These things make that parents authority decreased.
Many children accede to a pseudo-independence: their parents have abdicated in their roles and have to get in charge of their lives without an effective detachment.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Lack of de Legitimacy
Children have more power ,and in some occasion have all the power: despotic children.
However, they have not legitimacy to exercise power: to conserve it, they have to use violence.
Educative styles
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (II)
Gallagher (2004) correlates VAP with two educative styles:
Permissive-liberalAuthoritarian violent
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IIIa)
Authoritarian-violent style
More related with traditional VAP
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IIIb)
Multi-violent families
Violence as a conflict resolution method.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IIIc)
Any rebelliousness is punished with increase of the punishment, menaces, humiliations y violence.
Authoritarianism is not negotiable and it is exercise in a rigid and inflexible way.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IIId)
VAP appears as:DefensiveProtectionRetaliation In “mirror”Linked to serious psychopathology
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IVa)
Permissive-liberal style(or punitive non strict)
More related with the New
VAP
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IVb)
Rules not clear.
Children are often over-protected: they receive everything, without counterparts.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (IVc)
Generates despotic children.
Low self-esteem.Low level of frustration.Low empathy.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (Va)
negligent style
Related with both types of VAP
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Educative styles (Vb)
Parents have abdicated from their role.
Absent of rules.Pseudo-independence and
parentalización of children.VAP as an imposition or to
refuse the role settled.
FAMILY FACTORS THAT FAVOUR THE VIOLENCE
AGAINST PARENTES
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (Ia)
Family experience to solve conflicts using violence.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (Ib)
General violence: everybody against everybody.
Impasse Tension Tension Violence
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (II)
Non normative parents “democratic”, excessively permissive, that love their children whatever they do.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (III)
Over-protective parents because different reasons: very wished child, late, fragile o adopted, well-disposed to satisfy every wish of their children.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (IV)
Parents in-satisfied with their role or verbalizations about their lives are empty.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (Va) Conflictive relationship
between parents.
Mutual des-qualifications
Triangulation
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (Vb) In-consistence and disagree
between parents about the children education.
Arbitrariness in child punishments.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (VII)
Hierarchy problems:
parents that renounce their roles and refuse to establish rules.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (VIII)
Peace and family
harmony myth.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Factors that favour the apparition of the violence against parents (IX)
“Passionate” relationship, “fusional” between one of the parents and the adolescent.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Malfunction Areas
Three areas:
Hierarchical organisation and establishment of rules.
Protection and secret. Separation and fusion.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Family types I
Mono-parental families with parent-child fusional relationship.
Families with deep disagrees between the couple:Triangulation.
Multi-violence families.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Family Types II
Almost in every family appears the fusion with one of the parents, previous to the appearance of the violence, with the other peripheral parent, absent or in-existent.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Process that causes the violence I
Conflict / distance between parents
Introduction of the child in the conflict
Triangulation
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Process that causes the violence II
It doesn’t produces the treachery to the triangulated
child
Fusional relationship with the allied parent
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Process that causes the violence III
Difficulties for separation and autonomy
Conflict between fusional relationship and the wish of
autonomy
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Process that causes the violence IV
Appearance of the violence as desperate solution to move away
Seeing the secondary benefits in the violent behaviour that perpetuate the conflict.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Fusional relationship
Wished for both parts
Need of support, company, comfort
Privileged relationship, intimacy, satisfaction
Till the relationship finish itself
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Violence behaviour bloom IV
The violent episode as a primitive mechanism of
keep away and separation
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Euskarri
Violence Against Parents Intervention Protocol
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Protocol intervention
Complex intervention
The protocol: Favours an well arranged intervention,
that facilitates the necessary contention and setting.
Defines clearly objectives and steps. Maintains a coherent line of intervention.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Therapeutic intervention
Starting always with a family intervention
Later: Interventions with other
subsistems: couple, sibling or another combinations or individual interventions
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Inclusion Criteria
Families with children at any age. Protection or refuge institutions
for child and young people.That practice reiteratively
physical violence behaviour or non verbal violence against parents or tutors.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
Exclusion Criteria
Isolated violenceViolence that happens in less
conscience situations: intoxications, mental disorder of the course or the content of thinking, autism or mental deficiency, that doesn’t repeats when the mental disorder or the intoxication diminishes.
Roberto Pereira. Director EVNTF
OBJETIVES
Stop the violence behaviourPromote changes in the family
process and structure to prevent its reappearance