vocabulary review cells. smallest unit of life cell
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
CellsCells
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Smallest Unit of Life
CELL
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First to use a simple microscope to draw cork cells from dead
plants
ROBERT HOOKE
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First person to see and draw
living cells
LEEUWENHOEK
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Idea that all living things are made of
cells
CELL THEORY
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What new cells come from
EXISTING CELLS
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A constant internal environment
maintained by cells
HOMEOSTASIS
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This grows faster that the surface area
of a cell
CELL VOLUME
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This determines the function of a cell
SHAPE
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Surrounds the outside of cells &
controls what enters and leaves
CELL MEMBRANE
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The fluid and organelles between the cell membrane
and nuclear membrane
CYTOPLASM
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Fluid making up the cytoplasm
CYTOSOL
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Control center of the cell where DNA is
located
NUCLEUS
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Genetic material of a cell
DNA
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The phospholipid heads that attract
water
HYDROPHILIC
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Cells lacking a nucleus & no
membrane-bound organelles
PROKARYOTES
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Region in bacteria where DNA (single
chromosome)
NUCLEOID
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Domain containing ancient bacterial
forms
ARCHAEA
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Cell structure that perform a specific job
for a cell
ORGANELLE
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Cells that have a nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles
EUKARYOTE
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Organisms composed of more
than one cell
MULTICELLULAR
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Made of similar cells working
together to do a particular job
TISSUES
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Made of organs working together to do a particular job
ORGAN SYSTEM
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A double layer of these molecules make up the cell
membrane
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
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The tails of phospholipids are
this; means it doesn’t like water
HYDROPHOBIC
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The model of phospholipids and embedded proteins
of the cell membrane
FLUID MOSAIC
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Proteins embedded in the cell membrane
INTEGRAL PROTEINS
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Uncoiled chromosomes in
the nucleus of non-dividing cells
CHROMATIN
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Genetic material in the nucleus made
of DNA and protein
CHROMOSOMES
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Double layer with pores surrounding
the nucleus
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
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Organelle inside of the nucleus that makes ribosomes
NUCLEOLUS
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Openings in the nuclear envelope
NUCLEAR PORES
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Made of rRNA and protein and
assembly amino acids into a
polypeptide chain
RIBOSOMES
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Long, whip-like structures used by
some cells for movement
FLAGELLA
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Site of cellular respiration
MITOCHONDRIA
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Unattached ribosomes in the
cytoplasm
FREE RIBOSOMES
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Energy molecule used by cells to do
work
ATP
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Proteins attached only to one side of the cell membrane
PERIPHERAL PROTEINS
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System of membranes and
tubes in the cytoplasm
connecting the nuclear membrane
to the cell membrane
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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ER with ribosomes attached to its
surface
ROUGH ER
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System of flattened sacs that modify
and package proteins
GOLGI
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Small sacs containing cell
products that can be transported from the cell
VESICLES
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Organelle that digests food and worn out cell
parts
LYSOSOMES
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Made of microtubules and microfilaments to give support to cells and move
organelles
CYTOSKELETON
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Organelle made of microtubules in animal cells that helps form the spindle for cell
division
CENTRIOLES
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Short, hair-like structures that help
some cells move
CILIA
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Made of cellulose and surrounds the
outside of plant cells
CELL WALL
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Organelle that contains pigments
in plant cells
PLASTID
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The largest organelle found in plants containing
the cell sap
CENTRAL VACUOLE
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ER that makes cholesterol & helps
detoxify poisons
SMOOTH ER
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