WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be

stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents!3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Pick up your test from the counter to

take home.

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/5 & 11/6

2 Plate Tectonics Note Guide 3

HOMEWORK: Tectonic Plate Map Analysis 4

QUICK REVIEW… Layers of the

EarthCrust (2 types)MantleOuter CoreInner Core

Earth’s crust & the very top solid portion of the mantle form the lithosphere

The lithosphere sits on top of the liquid asthenosphere

HOW???

LAW OF UNIFORMITARIANISMLaw of

Uniformitarianism: States that Earth is an always changing place

The same forces of change are at work today that were at work in the past.

Some changes are gradual; some changes are fast…some times both!

SINKHOLES http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=RUjo3K_00tY

Would you categorize them as a fast change, a slow change, or both?

They seem to be getting more common…WHY?

SOME THINGS HAPPEN SLOWLY, WHILE OTHERS HAPPEN QUICKLY, BUT WHAT THEY BOTH HAVE IN COMMON IS A LOT OF THEM STEM FROM MOVEMENT …BUT MOVEMENT OF WHAT????

HINT:

TECTONIC PLATES The Lithosphere is broken into many large and

small slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates meet, a lot of changes can occur.

The plates move because of convection currents.

The hot, soft rock in the mantle rises…then it cools, and sinks.

TECTONIC PLATES

How do the

tectonic

plates move?

1. Divergent2. Convergent 3. Transform

TECTONIC PLATES

There are 3 types of

plate boundaries

When one tectonic plate sinks under another plate

IT CAN ONLY HAPPEN WHEN…

Continental & oceanic plate collide = oceanic plate ALWAYS sinks because it is more DENSE.

Oceanic & oceanic plate collide = the more dense plate sinks!

SUBDUCTION

What is SUBduction

?

Key word: Divide

DIVERGENT

DIVERGENT

What occurs at this boundary?

New Crust Forms

Mid-ocean Ridges

Rift ValleysEarthquakes

Volcanoes

DIVERGENT

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES : Divergent Boundary Mid-Ocean Ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Key word: Collide

3 types of convergent:

Continental-continental

Oceanic-oceanicOceanic-continental

CONVERGENT

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

What occurs at this boundary?

High mountains

Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES: Continental-Continental Convergent

High Mountains like the Himalayas

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

What occurs at this boundary?

Deep-ocean Trenches

Volcanic IslandsEarthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

Hawaii is NOT on a plate boundary!

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES: Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent Deep-ocean trenches like the Mariana Trench

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL

What occurs at this boundary?

Deep-ocean trenches

Coastal mountains (some are volcanic)

Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES: Continental-Oceanic Convergent Coastal mountains like the Andes Mountains

on the coast of South America

Key word: Slide

TRANSFORM

TRANSFORM

What occurs at this boundary?

FaultsEarthquakes

TRANSFORM

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES: Transform Boundary Faults, like the San Andreas Fault in

California

LANDFORMS VS. EVENTS

http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/iaes/students/simulations/SEPUP_Plate_simulation.swf

Go to the site above so you can see a simulation of the tectonic plate movement we talked about today!

PLATE MOTION SIMULATION

HOMEWORK: TECTONIC PLATE MAP ANALYSIS

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today!3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Get a white board, marker and eraser off the

shelf in the back of the room.

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/7 & 11/10

3 Milky Way Plate Tectonic Lab (turn in for a formal grade and tape into page 4 when returned)

5

WHITE BOARD QUICK TICKET REVIEW

Answer each question on the whiteboard ON YOUR OWN!

YOU GET ONE CHANCE, and if you are correct you will get a ticket!

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Draw and label the 4 main layers of the Earth:

What are the 2 type of crust?

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Explain why the Earth’s interior is separated into these layers:• DENSITY

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS If it is so hot, why is the inner core solid?

• Because it is under so much intense PRESSURE from the other layers sitting on top of it.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Which 2 layers make up the lithosphere?

Which layer does the lithosphere sit on top of?

• Crust • Mantle (solid upper portion)

• Asthenosphere

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Which layer is broken into tectonic plates?

What are the 3 types of tectonic plate boundaries?

• Lithosphere

• Convergent, Divergent, Transform

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What is the key word that goes with each type of boundary that indicates the type of movment?

•Convergent = Collide•Divergent = Divide•Transform = Slide

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What is it called when one plate sinks beneath another?

Which plate will sink?

• Subduction

• The denser plate/oceanic

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What event occurs at all plate boundaries?

At which type of plate boundary will any mountains occur?

• Earthquakes

• Convergent

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS If new crust is created at

divergent boundaries, then why doesn’t Earth get any bigger?

• SUBDUCTION! As new crust is formed at a divergent boundaries, old crust is being melted down at convergent boundaries where subduction is occurring. New crust is being “created” at the same rate that old crust is being “destroyed.”

• Earth recycles itself!

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Draw the Rock Cycle to the best

of your ability from memory!

PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW Please turn to your note guide from last class

so you can reference it during the mini lab activity!

REVIEW: LANDFORMS VS. EVENTS What is the difference

between a landform and an event?

So, when the lab asks for a landform will you know what to write?

So, when the lab asks you for an event, will you know what to write?

MILKY WAY PLATE TECTONICS LAB We will be doing a mini-lab with Milky Way

bars to further demonstrate your understanding of plate tectonics and the features formed by plate movement.

You must complete all of the questions on the lab guide and you must follow my instructions at all times!

Make sure your lab guide is in the basket with your name on it at the end of the lab for a FORMAL grade!!

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today! 3) Get your Plate Tectonic Note Guide out…the one you used for your Milky Way

Lab!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/12 & 11/13

4 Evidence that Earth is Always Changing 7

Sea-floor Spreading Simulation 8

MILKY WAY LABS

What is a landform? Give me some examples…

What is an event? (specifically a geological event) Give me some examples…

So, what is the difference between a landform and an event?

Do you have your Plate Tectonic Note Guide out? Use your note guide to identify your errors on your Milky Way Lab.

REMEMBER… It is the movement of the tectonic plates that

cause the majority of changes on Earth. Some changes happen quickly, while others

happen slowly, but none have been more Earth changing than this…

HOW?

INTRO TO CONTINENTAL DRIFT…SORT OF https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzzGPfVx32M

PANGAEAScientist Alfred

Wegener noticed that Earth’s continents seemed to fit together like a puzzle, so he hypothesized that they were once joined in a single “super continent” called Pangaea

255 MILLION YEARS AGO

152 MILLION YEARS AGO

66 MILLION YEARS AGO THE EXTINCTION OF THE DINOSAURS

PRESENT DAY POSITION

50 MILLION YEARS FROM NOW

150 MILLION YEARS FROM NOW

250 MILLION YEARS FROM NOW

CONTINENTAL DRIFT

This led to his Theory of Continental Drift – that although the continents were once joined, they slowly drifted apart!

But nobody believed him …why?

Wegener’s Evidence: 1. Matching rock layers on different continents

2. Matching fossils on different continents

3. Evidence of climate change – tropical plant fossils in cold places, ice scratches in warm places

SEA-FLOOR SPREADING http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyMLlLxbfa4

Harry Hess’ discovery turned the Theory of Continental Drift into the Theory of Plate Tectonics!

SEA FLOOR SPREADING The sea floor spreads apart at

divergent boundaries allowing new crust to form…this new crust builds Mid-Ocean ridges

The crust closest to the crack is the youngest while the crust further from the crack is older

MAGNETIC REVERSALS Minerals in the magma that rise through

the cracks in the sea floor align themselves with Earth’s magnetic poles (North and South)

As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this position, like a compass

Earth’s poles periodically reverse. The “stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record these reversals.

MAGNETIC REVERSALS

SEA FLOOR SPREADING SIMULATION Cut Slits A, B & C as demonstrated! Quickly cut out your sea floor strip and tape

2 matching ends together! Thread the open ends up through Slit B

from the bottom Pull one side down through Slit A and the

other down through Slit C

SEA FLOOR SPREADING LAB

Read the “Introduction to Sea Floor Spreading”

Answer the Simulation Questions

You may work with yourTable partner!

“CONTINENTS ADRIFT”Conclusion Plate Tectonics & Continental Drift

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrKTuCDierM

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today!

3) Get your “Continents Adrift” questions out to be checked!4) Review your notes from sessions 1-4 for a vocab game!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/14& 11/17

5 Hawaii…How? & Hot Spot Notes 9

Mapping the Hawaiian Islands 10

HOMEWORK: Vocabulary Practice Quiz 11

QUICK SACRIFICE REVIEW What is the former “supercontinent” called? Why is it called Pangaea? The idea that the continents had slowly

moved is called…? Who was the scientist that proposed the

idea of both Pangaea & Continental Drift? Why didn’t people believe him? What did he use as evidence to prove his

theory? What LAND FORM was later discovered on

the ocean floor that supported his theory?

QUICK SACRIFICE REVIEWHow is this land form created?This discovery turned the Theory of

Continental Drift into the Theory of…?We further discovered that the oldest

crust was located…? And the youngest crust was located…?Not only were there age patterns, but

patterns of what else?Which scientist is responsible for the

discovery of the Mid-Ocean Ridge & Sea-Floor Spreading?

HOT SPOTS! Read Hawaii…How? Should get taped to the top of page 9

HOT SPOTS! – Reading Comprehension Sacrifice

What is the Earth’s lithosphere made up of?Where can a volcano form?What plate are the Hawaiian Islands on?Are they at a plate boundary or a hot spot?What is a hot spot?Does a hot spot move?So what is moving?How many islands has this hot spot formed

to make the Hawaiian Island chain?Where are there other hot spots?

HOT SPOT VIDEOS – Discovery Education Hot Spots: The Formation of the Hawaiian

Islands Yellowstone’s Super Volcano: A Ticking Time

Bomb

HOT SPOTS Hot spots occur far from plate

boundaries. Magma rises and eventually melts

through the crust above it. The plate moves, but the hot spot stays

in the same place - creates a series of volcanic islands or volcanoes.

Hot spots help measure plate movement.

HOT SPOT DEMOAs you watch the demo write a

a 3-4 sentence description of what you see happening on page 9:

- Analyze the movement of the screen…- What does the screen represent?- What does the shaving cream represent?- What does the side view look like?

STEP 1: MAPPING THE HAWAIIAN HOT SPOTS!

1) Use the latitude and longitude coordinates to locate each of the Hawaiian islands on the map

2) Plot each island on the map – label it with the name

LATITUDE & LONGITUDE REVIEW Latitude – latitude lines are the horizontal

lines that are measured by how far North or South they are of the Equator (0) – written first

Longitude – longitude lines are the vertical lines that are measured by how far East or West they are of the Prime Meridian (0) –written second

Using latitude and longitude is very similar to using the X, Y coordinates on a graph

STEP 2: CALCULATING THE RATE OF MOVEMENT

Basic Formula: velocity = distance / time

Example for Midway Island:Step 1: Convert the age into millions of years

How do we turn 27.7 into millions of years?27.7 x 1,000,000 = 27,700,000

Step 2: Plug the numbers into the formulaVelocity = 2,432 km / 27,700,000 years = 0.00008779km/yr

Step 3: Convert km/yr to cm/yr (there are 100,000 cm in a km)

0.00008779 x 100,000 = 8.78 cm/yr! (round)

HOMEWORK Complete the Vocab Practice

Quiz…and review your notes!

There will be a Vocabulary Quiz NEXT CLASS…AND IT WON’T ALL BE MATCHING!

KEY VOCABULARY TERMS FOR THIS POWERPOINT…BUT DON’T FORGET THE ROCK CYCLE WORDS!!!

CrustMantleOuter CoreInner CoreLithosphereAsthenosphereConvection CurrentMagma/LavaLaw of

UniformitarianismTectonic PlatesSubduction

Divergent BoundaryConvergent BoundaryTransform BoundaryMid-Ocean RidgeRift ValleyDeep-ocean TrenchPangaeaContinental DriftSea floor SpreadingMagnetic ReversalHot Spot