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1 Warm Up: Okapi Native to the Ituri Rainforest, located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in Central Africa. Although the okapi bears striped markings reminiscent of the zebra, it is most closely related to the giraffe. Today there are approximately 10,000–20,000 in the wild and as of 2011. Question: What behaviors/adaptations of the okapi are like that of the giraffe? http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/animals/mammalsanimals/giraffesandokapi/okapi/

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Page 1: Warm Up: Okapi - Bainbridge Island School District...Warm Up: Okapi Native to the Ituri Rainforest, located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in Central Africa

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Warm Up: OkapiNative to the Ituri Rainforest, located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in Central Africa. Although the okapi bears striped markings reminiscent of the zebra, it is most closely related to the giraffe.

Today there are approximately 10,000–20,000 in the wild and as of 2011.

Question: What behaviors/adaptations of the okapi are like that of the giraffe?

http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/animals/mammals­animals/giraffes­and­okapi/okapi/ 

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AP Biology1. Warm ­ Up 5 2. Finish Lab Investigation/Flower Dissection Activity  3. Discuss Lab as a Class.4. Chapter 39 Notes

AnnouncementsDue Friday, April 19: Week 10 Spring Assignments and Transpiration Lab

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Transpiration LabHow many stomata are on a plant?

Count stomata then answer questions.

Complete the following on separate pieces of paper:Answer Getting Started Questions 1 ­ 4 (S137 ­ S138)

Step 1: Questions a ­ h. (S138 ­ S139)

Step 2: Complete Questions/Tasks f ­ k (S140)

We will discuss Designing and Conducting Your own Experiment as a class.

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Flower Dissection Activity

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Lab Groups ­ Period 2 Group 1 Group 5

Close Matthew Chaffee Lynn

Greason Nathaniel Teiche Anna

Haught Natassja Feikes Joshua

Group 2 Group 6

Reichert Alison Faust David

Ma Juliana­Francine Heater Trevor

Shor Ryann Haskin Tess

Group 3 Group 7

Wellman Georgia List Bailey

Pardy Kendra Williams Nicholas

Griffiths Julia Martin Jacob

Group 4 Group 8

McNett Maia Greason Maureen

Ran Elise Green Brett

Freedman Benjamin Conlon Rose

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Lab Groups ­ Period 4 Group 1 Group 5

Block Carissa Chaffee Michael

Dolese Reed Bouillon Leah

Bolejack Madison Easley Kyra

Group 2 Group 6

Goessman Christina Bartsch Joe

Greer Jeremy Kallas Samuel

Faqihi Eman Nimb Ena

Loleas Andreas Mazur Julia

Group 3 Group 7

Shea Gregory

Juckniess Connor

Lee Tiffany

Group 4 Group 8

Weisner Dain

Schardein Max

Terry Ivy

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Transpiration Lab ­ Discussion

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Chapter 39 Notes: Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

I. Signal Transduction and Plant Responses

a. A signal transduction pathway couples _________________ of a stimulus with ________________ of the organism to the stimulus.

b. 3 stages of cell‐signaling process (Figure 39.2).

i. ______________  ‐ target cells have receptors that are proteins that undergo changes in shape in response to a specific stimulus

ii. _______________  ‐ small internally produced chemicals (second messengers) transfer and amplify the signal from the receptor to proteins that cause the specific response

iii. ________________ ‐ usually involves the increased activity of certain enzymes

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Apical Dominance 

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II. Plant Responses to Hormonesa. General Information

i. Hormones are relatively _________ moleculesii. They are produced by one part of the organism and translocated to _________ parts (trigger responses in target cells and tissues) iii. __________ quantities are required to induce big changesiv. A reaction depends on the ____________ concentrations of the hormone(s)

b. The Discovery of a Plant Hormone…Auxini. Darwin and Darwin (Figure 39.4)ii. Boysen‐Jensen (Figure 39.4)iii. ____________ (Figure 39.5)

c. Examples (See Table 39.1)i. _________ eg) IAA

1.  stimulate cell ________________ in shoots and roots 2.  transported via carrier proteins and____  pumps 3. Acid‐growth hypothesis (Figure 39.7)

Auxin à H + Pumps à ______ pHà walls breakà  water rushes inà cells growii.  _________ eg) Zeatin

1. stimulate cell _______ and slows aging2. move up plant via xylem3. w/auxin….high CK, low auxin= axillary bud growth low CK, high auxin = 

_________ dominance

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Ethylene Mutants

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iii.  ______________ eg) GA31. promote seed and bud fruit growth2. act antagonistically w/abscisic acid

iv. Abscisic Acid eg) ABA1. inhibits growth and maintains seed ________________2. causes stomata to ____________ 

v. ___________ (a gas)1. promotes fruit ___________ and leaf abscission2. plays a role in senescence (aging)

vi. Brassinosteroids1. induce cell elongation and division in stem segments2. retard leaf abscission and promote xylem differentiation3. act in same ways as ___________

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I. ______periodism‐ a physiological response to day length

a. Control of flowering (Figure 39.22)Short day plants require night period _________  than a critical lengthà fall flowering

b.  __________ send photoperiod message to buds to flower (florigen?)

c.  __________ (a photoreceptor)Red lightà Pr interrupts night length, Far red lightà Pfr negates interruption

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IV. Plant Movementsa. Tropisms‐ growth responses (differential rate of elongation)

1.  _____________ ‐ light cells on _______ side elongate faster2.  _____________ ‐ gravity3.  ______________‐ touch

b. Turgor Movements (reversible; occur via __________ movement)1.  Rapid leaf movements2.  Sleep movements

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Exit Questions: 

Identify one plant hormone.

RemindersDue Friday, April 19: Week 10 Spring Assignments and Transpiration Lab