Wars of ReligionWars of Religionand and

The Thirty Years’ WarThe Thirty Years’ War

Notes sections 5 & 6Notes sections 5 & 6

p. 459-464p. 459-464by Mrs. McGann

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Wars of ReligionWars of Religion

http://www.tgray.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/ProtestantEurope.jpg

Protestant

Roman Catholic

• Philip II planned to attack England, so he Philip II planned to attack England, so he could force them to become Catholic, could force them to become Catholic,

along with the rest of Protestant Europe.along with the rest of Protestant Europe.

http://lutherantheology.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/elizabeth_i_armada_portrait_npg.jpg https://libwebspace.library.cmu.edu:4430/posner/sp09/

subcontents//images/philipii%202.6_4.jpg

Philip II of SpainPhilip II of Spain Elizabeth I of EnglandElizabeth I of England~Catholic~~Catholic~ ~Protestant~~Protestant~

The Spanish ArmadaThe Spanish Armada

• Philip II ordered an armada Philip II ordered an armada (large group of warships) (large group of warships) to be built to be built

• 2 years 2 years → 130 ships built→ 130 ships built

• strength → galleons (heavy ships w/square strength → galleons (heavy ships w/square sails)sails)

• set sail in 1588set sail in 1588

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_eosGkndaIFM/SZqo4QqMSbI/AAAAAAAAHVg/S0ULpUbi2aE/s400/10011604~The-Spanish-Armada-the-Spanish-Fleet-

in-the-Bay-of-Biscay-on-Its-Way-to-Attack-England-Posters.jpg

• Elizabeth I had formed a new navy Elizabeth I had formed a new navy

with 134 shipswith 134 ships

• Captain Sir Francis Drake led the wayCaptain Sir Francis Drake led the way

• to break the formation of the Spanish to break the formation of the Spanish ships, the English set fire to eight of ships, the English set fire to eight of their own small ships and sent them their own small ships and sent them into the Spanish fleetinto the Spanish fleet

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• they were then able to fight the they were then able to fight the Spanish ships one by oneSpanish ships one by one

• the Spanish were defeated and the the Spanish were defeated and the remaining half of the Armada returned remaining half of the Armada returned homehome

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• English celebrated; northern Europe English celebrated; northern Europe remained Protestantremained Protestant

Microsoft clipart

The HuguenotsThe Huguenots• most people in France were Catholicmost people in France were Catholic

• French Protestants were called Huguenots French Protestants were called Huguenots (followed Calvinism)(followed Calvinism)

• Why?Why? “ “Protestants at Tours used to Protestants at Tours used to assemble at night near the gate of assemble at night near the gate of King Hugo…a monk said that the King Hugo…a monk said that the Protestants should be called Protestants should be called Huguenots since like King Hugo, they Huguenots since like King Hugo, they only went out at night” (Davidiy 188).only went out at night” (Davidiy 188).

• the king of France wanted everyone to the king of France wanted everyone to be Catholicbe Catholic

• Huguenots were Huguenots were persecutedpersecuted

• 28 years later, civil war 28 years later, civil war broke out broke out

• Charles IX- too young to ruleCharles IX- too young to rule

• his mother, Catherine de Medici ruledhis mother, Catherine de Medici ruled

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• supported the Roman supported the Roman Catholic ChurchCatholic Church

• Huguenots were Huguenots were killed; homes burned; killed; homes burned; many left Francemany left France

• In 1589, the French In 1589, the French king was killedking was killed

http://www.rtgenealogy.net/images/Waldensians/Massacre_saint_barthelemy.jpg

• Henry IV, a Henry IV, a Huguenot prince Huguenot prince became kingbecame king

• most people were most people were still Catholic, so he still Catholic, so he converted to please converted to please the people the people

• signed the Edict of signed the Edict of Nantes, which gave Nantes, which gave Huguenots the right Huguenots the right to worship openlyto worship openly

http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/espenett/book2/images/Chapt201_html_1b2523b7.jpg

• this ended the civil warthis ended the civil war

• France- 1France- 1stst country to allow worship country to allow worship of two Christian religionsof two Christian religions

*all are Microsoft clipart

The Low CountriesThe Low Countries

• northern province northern province (Netherlands)- became (Netherlands)- became an indept. Protestant an indept. Protestant countrycountry

• southern provinces southern provinces (Belgium)- remained (Belgium)- remained CatholicCatholic

*all are Microsoft clipart

The The (approximately) (approximately) Thirty Years’ WarThirty Years’ War

• German states (Catholic) sent Jesuits German states (Catholic) sent Jesuits to the country of Bohemia to the country of Bohemia (Protestant; modern day Czech (Protestant; modern day Czech Republic) to convert people back to Republic) to convert people back to being Roman Catholicsbeing Roman Catholics

• Bohemia revolted against it, starting Bohemia revolted against it, starting the 30 Years’ Warthe 30 Years’ War

*all are Microsoft clipart

The Thirty Years’ WarThe Thirty Years’ War• other countries, including Denmark, other countries, including Denmark,

Sweden, and France (Catholic but Sweden, and France (Catholic but joined on Protestant side to gain land joined on Protestant side to gain land & $) became involved; they all & $) became involved; they all wanted to stop the spread of the wanted to stop the spread of the Catholic religionCatholic religion

• they also wanted more territory and they also wanted more territory and wealthwealth

*all are Microsoft clipart

The Thirty Years’ WarThe Thirty Years’ War• 1648-all signed the Peace of Westphalia, 1648-all signed the Peace of Westphalia,

which ended the war (German emperor which ended the war (German emperor lost some of his power; France became lost some of his power; France became stronger)stronger)

• After this, Europeans tried to gain power After this, Europeans tried to gain power through trade and expansion overseasthrough trade and expansion overseas

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BibliographyBibliography

Davidiy, Yair. Davidiy, Yair. The TribesThe Tribes. 3rd ed. . 3rd ed. Jerusalem: Jerusalem: Russell-Davis, 1993. Russell-Davis, 1993. Print. Print.

Greenblatt, Miriam, and Peter S. Greenblatt, Miriam, and Peter S. Lemmo. Lemmo. Human Heritage: a World Human Heritage: a World HistoryHistory. Columbus, OH: McGraw . Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill/Glencoe, 2006. Print.Hill/Glencoe, 2006. Print.