What was decided at the Three WW2 Conferences?Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam

1943, 1945

Outcomes

• All will know a number of decisions made at the Three Conferences

• Most will use a mnemonic to remember the key decisions of each Conference

• Some will understand why these decisions were made

Timeline

1943 1991

1943 - Tehran Conference

1945 – End of World War 2

1945 –

Yalta Conference (Feb)

Potsdam Conference (July-Aug)

Connector

Which of the following flags do you recognise?

Russia/

USSR/

Soviet Union

America/ USA

Britain/

UK

Germany

Teacher explanation

1943The Allies – Britain, the USA and the USSR - are finally winning the war against Germany. Hitler’s forces are being forced back in Africa, and Stalin’s armies have defeated the German armies attacking Russia.

The time had come to fight back and push the Nazis back further and try to win the Second World War.

By the time the leaders of the Allies met in 1943, in Tehran, they were already starting to look ahead to the end of the war. Let’s look at what they decided to do.

Repeat

• Stand up and chant the following 3 times:

• BUGS GREW BREAD

• We will use this to memorise the key features of three World War Two Conferences

The Tehran ConferenceFebruary 1943 (BUGS)

• Britain and America would invade Nazi-controlled France.• United Nations Organization would be set up after the war.• Generals and military bosses would keep in close touch.• Stalin would fight Japan once Germany was defeated.

• Describe one decision that was made about the war at the Tehran Conference (2 marks).

Describe one decision that was made about the war at the Tehran Conference (2 marks).

• 1 mark – simple statement, eg :• “The USA and the UK decided to invade • Nazi controlled France.”

• 2 marks – developed statement, eg :• “The USA and the UK decided to invade• Nazi controlled France. This would mean that

Germany would be fighting on two fronts, with Russia in the East.

Who made these decisions?

• At Tehran, the Allies were represented by their leaders – three very powerful men.

• Britain was led by its Prime Minister Winston Churchill

• America was led by its longest-serving President, Franklin D. Roosevelt

• USSR was led by the dictator Joseph Stalin

Winston Churchill

• Wants to win the war to keep Britain safe

• Worried who runs Europe because he doesn’t like Communism

• Distrusts Stalin but is prepared to work with him for now

Franklin D. Roosevelt

• Wants to win the war to create peace in the world

• Prepared to allow Stalin some control over Europe

• Thinks he can deal with Stalin on an equal basis

Joseph Stalin

• Wants to win the war to keep Russia safe for now and the future

• Desperately wants help to fight the war

• Distrusts his Allies and wants to keep control over parts of Europe

Match the statement to the leader

Distrusts his Allies and wants to keep control over parts of Europe

Wants to win the war to create peace in the world

Worried who runs Europe because he doesn’t like Communism

Discuss

• Do you think these three leaders can work together?

• What problems do you think there will be when deciding what to do after Germany is defeated?

• HINT: Think about who controls Europe, and the different ways the USA and the USSR run their own countries.

Yalta Conference February 1945

Churchill Roosevelt Stalin

Yalta Conference February 1945.How to achieve a peaceful Europe

after the war?

De-Nazification

…?What is

Stalin saying about

Germany?

Free elections

…

Yalta Conference February 1945.

Yalta Conference February 1945.I need to keep up my

good working relationship with Stalin

as his eyes are on expanding westwards in

Eastern Europe.Punish war criminals and

de-Nazify Germany!

Germany and Berlin must be divided into

4 zones … (mumbling and made to pay for the War!!)

Free elections for all

liberated countries!

Differences

• Winston Churchill lost the election and Clement Attlee became Prime Minister

• Roosevelt died and Truman became President of the USA

• How was Attlee different from Churchill?

• How was Truman different from Roosevelt?

• Note down the differences as we look through the next few slides

Potsdam ConferenceJuly-August 1945

Attlee Truman Stalin

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945 Beliefs about Soviet

borders …

Suspicious of USA …

Only interested

in …

Worried about Stalin because …

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945

Potsdam Conference July – August 1945 To protect USSR’s

borders Soviet troops will be left in liberated

Eastern Europe.

Does USA America have

an Atomic bomb? If yes, then I want one

too!

I am more worried about the Empire and the state of

the British nation.

The USA is going to have to get tough with Stalin.

Fact Sheet

• Read through the fact sheet and test yourself on the key points from the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences

• Use the mnemonic to memorise the key decisions

• In pairs, test each other on your knowledge

Exam question

• Briefly explain the key differences between the decisions made at the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences in 1945 (6 marks)

How else can you remember?

• This lesson has used one method to help you remember facts, but what else could you use to help you?

1. Visual - eg a rose for Roosevelt2. Landmarks - think of your journey to

school and use landmarks on the route to link with what you want to memorise

3. Rhymes – eg “A meeting of the Big Three, in Tehran in 1943”

• This advert shows the “Big Three” getting along very well

• In reality, though, the situation was rather different - the leaders of the Allies often found themselves disagreeing with one another, especially at Potsdam

By the way, this photo isn’t real! It’s a photo-montage advert for Diesel jeans.

Disagreements at Potsdam

The Allied Powers disagreed on: (ARGUE)• Arrest of non-Communist Polish leaders by

Stalin• Reparations to be paid – Stalin wanted more• Germany’s future – Stalin wanted to cripple it,

Truman wanted to help it recover • USA’s secret atomic bomb that Stalin found out

about• Eastern European Communists coming to power

Quiz (10 questions)

1. Who was the leader of the Soviet Union?

2. What order did the three conferences come in?

3. Why did Attlee take over from Churchill?

4. How was Truman different from Roosevelt?

5. What was done to Germany after the war?

Quiz (10 questions)

6. Who was this?

7. Why was he notat Potsdam?

Quiz (10 questions)

8. When was it decided to set up the United Nations?

9. What are reparations?

10.Which conference is shown below?

Answers1. Stalin

2. Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam

3. Attlee won the General Election in 1945

4. Truman was tougher with Stalin

5. Germany was divided into four zones.

6. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt

7. He died before the Potsdam conference

8. 1943

9. Fines to pay for war damage

10.Potsdam Conference

Homework

• Learn the key decisions of all three conferences

• BUGS GREW BREAD