winter flounder stock enhancement: examining the onset of wild weaning in pellet-reared fish stacy...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in
Pellet-Reared Fish
Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. HowellThe Department of Biological Sciences
University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03801
1
![Page 2: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A Little About Myself
2
![Page 3: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Science Consortium for Ocean Replenishment (SCORE)
• Enhancement of natural marine populations– Invertebrates and Fish
• Sponsored by NOAA NMFS & NOAA Aquaculture
• UNH: Winter Flounder
http://www.stockenhancement.org 3
![Page 4: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why Winter Flounder?
4http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/sos/spsyn/fldrs/winter/
![Page 5: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Commercial Importance
5http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/entertainment/dining/reviews/blog/WholeFlounder.jpg
![Page 6: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Recreational Importance
http://mordantorange.com/images/comics/animals/shinybait.gif
![Page 7: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why Winter Flounder?
7http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/sos/spsyn/fldrs/winter/
*
* Gulf of Maine
![Page 8: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Possible Solution:Stock Enhancement
8
• Winter flounder vulnerable in early life stages
• Spawn and raise fish in captivity
• Release to enhance natural stocks
• Problem: Weaning onto Wild Diets
![Page 9: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Weaning?
Transitioning to a wild diet once released
9
![Page 10: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Winter Flounder Diet
• Captivity– Formulated Pellets (most common)• inexpensive and easy
• Wild– Live diet (worms, zooplankton, etc)
10
![Page 11: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Why is weaning important?
Transitioning to a live diet can be stressful!
11http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/fishwatch/species/winter_flounder.htm
YIKES!
![Page 12: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Our Project
Examine the transition of pellet-reared winter flounder onto a wild diet once released
![Page 13: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Methods• Spring 2007• Juvenile winter flounder reared in the Laboratory
• Summer 2007• Released in cages (10 fish per cage) in a cove– UNH’s Coastal Marine Laboratory
• Cages were retrieved every 3 hours after release up to 51 hours
![Page 14: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Nate Rennels
Mick Walsh and Laughlin Siceloff
![Page 16: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Methods• Fall 2007 – Summer 2008• Fish dissected • Stomach contents were examined and quantified
![Page 17: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Results and Discussion
Get ready for some graphs!http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/fishwatch/species/winter_flounder.htm
![Page 18: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Onset of Feeding
% Fish With Food in Stomach per Retrieval
After 18 hours, the number of fish feeding was significantly higher than at 12 hours after release. (p < 0.05)
![Page 19: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Diet Composition
Most commonly selected prey: Polychaetes (48.2%) and Copepods (31.2%)
![Page 20: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Polychaete Worms
Bivalves
Copepods
Nematodes
![Page 21: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Diet Composition
First 12 hours• Inorganics (rocks)
![Page 22: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22Values Based on IRI Calculations
Diet of Wild Fish (Katie Robertson)
![Page 23: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Extent of Feeding
![Page 24: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
What Can We Conclude?• After 18 hours, most fish had food in their stomachs.
• Inorganics were common within the first 12 hours, but minimal after.
• Diet was composed of mainly polychaete worms and crustaceans (copepods and amphipods), and was similar to that of wild fish.
• Gut fullness increased with time.
![Page 25: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Ongoing Work
![Page 26: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Long-term studies of feeding, growth, and survival after release
• Examine impact of live laboratory diets on onset and quality of weaning
• Assess feeding behavior of winter flounder raised on formulated pellets
26
Ongoing Work
![Page 27: Winter Flounder Stock Enhancement: Examining the Onset of Wild Weaning in Pellet-Reared Fish Stacy Farina, Michelle L. Walsh, and W. H. Howell The Department](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/55191be555034626428b4a81/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge Elizabeth A. Fairchild, Nate Rennels, Travis Ford and Laughlin Siceloff for their assistance with experimental design and field work, and Kristin Garabedian and Katie Robertson for help with dissections and data entry. We thank the laboratories of Jim Haney and Larry Harris for use of their equipment. This project was funded by the University of New Hampshire’s Hamel Center for Undergraduate Research, The Graduate School and the Science Consortium for Ocean Replenishment (SCORE), a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).