Wintery Wednesday, Feb. 15th

• Take your seat• Take out your homework• Begin Warm-Up

Warm – Up

Take out your notebook and review Ch. 13 Section 1 and 2

Read your notesHighlight important information

Add in Cornell Questions (one per roman numeral)

Answer any unanswered Essential Questions

Quiz in 5

Terrific Thursday, Terrific Thursday, February 6, 2014February 6, 2014

Take your seatTake out a separate piece of paper for Warm-UpBegin Warm-Up

Warm – UpOn a spring evening in the early 1930’s during the

Great Depression, you are one of thousands of Germans gathered at an outdoor stadium in

Munich. You are unemployed; your country is suffering. Like everyone else you have come to

this mass meeting to hear two politicians campaigning for office. Huge speakers blare out

patriotic music, while you and the rest of the crowd wait impatiently for the speeches to

begin.Before long you will have to cast your ballot

Who would you vote for? Why?

1st candidates Platform

•Remember Germany’s long and glorious past

•Our present leadership is indecisive; we need a strong effective leader

•Rebuild the army to protect against enemies

•Regain the lands taken unfairly from us

•Make sacrifices to return to economic health

•Put the welfare of the state above all, and our country will be powerful again

2nd candidates Platform

•There are no simple or quick solutions to problems

•Put people back to work, but economic recovery will be slow

•Provide for the poor, elderly, and sick

•Avoid reckless military spending

•Act responsibly to safeguard democracy

•Be a good neighbor country honor our debts and treaty commitments

Today’s Agenda

• Warm-Up

• Notes – 13-3

• Homework:– Study Guide Questions 16-20– Study for your quiz – Ch. 13 sec. 2

(the great depression)

13- 3 & 5The Rise of

Fascist Italy and

Nazi Germany

13- 3 & 5The Rise of

Fascist Italy and

Nazi Germany

Today’s Standard10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments

after World War I. 3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of

totalitarian regimes (Fascist and Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting especially their common and dissimilar traits.

How did Mussolini and Hitler gain power and how did they use Fascism/Nazism to control the people?

Essential Question Essential Question

Crisis Leads to Fascism Worldwide depression

lead to millions loosing faith in democracy

Fascism: loyalty to state & obedience to leader, extreme nationalism, one-party rule

Fascist promise – revive economy, punish those responsible, restore national pride

The Characteristics of The Characteristics of FascismFascism

Powerful and continuing nationalism.

Subordination to the StateSubordination to the State

State Worship

The Myth of RebirthThe Myth of Rebirth

Militarism

Rampant Sexism

Enemies are used as ScapegoatsEnemies are used as Scapegoats

Jews Are the Enemy!Jews Are the Enemy!

No Recognition of Human RightsNo Recognition of Human Rights

Religion & Government are Religion & Government are IntertwinedIntertwined

Disdain for Intellectuals & for the ArtsDisdain for Intellectuals & for the Arts

Government CorruptionGovernment Corruption

Fraudulent ElectionsFraudulent Elections

Controlled Mass MediaControlled Mass Media

Labor Power is SuppressedLabor Power is Suppressed

The Characteristics The Characteristics of Fascismof Fascism

Mussolini Mussolini http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GawHJ1cUsI

What similarities do you see between Benito Mussolini and Hitler and/or Stalin?

Finally Friday, February 7• Take out your Textbook and Warm-ups from

last week• Take your seat• Open to page 436• Begin Warm-Up

Warm – Up

Read the Infographic on pages 436-437 and answer the two “Thinking Critically”

questions in a minimum of 3 sentences each.1.Why did totalitarian governments try to win

the loyalty of their nations young people?2.Why did leaders honor women for having

many children?

Today’s Agenda

• Warm-Up

• Notes – 13-5

• Homework:– Vocab Quiz moved to Tuesday or

Wednesday–Work on any incomplete

assignments in your notebook

Mussolini Comes to Mussolini Comes to PowerPower Mussolini: Promises to

rescue economy & rebuild army

1919: Founded Fascist Party

Black Shirts wage terror

1921 election Fascists included on ballot

they win 35 seats.

October, 1922 Mussolini threatened a coup d’etat.

“March on Rome” 25,000 Black Shirts staged demonstrations (riots/protests) throughout the capital.

Mussolini Forms a Mussolini Forms a GovernmentGovernment

King Victor Emmanuel III makes Mussolini Prime Minister

Giving Mussolini the power to lead Italy

1925 Mussolini seized dictatorial powers during a political crisis

Black Shirts murdered one of Mussolini’s chief Socialist critics, Giacomo Matteotti = no more compeititon

Mussolini Consolidate Mussolini Consolidate Power (1925-1931)Power (1925-1931)

New laws passed to create a single-party state:

Independent political parties & trade unions were abolished.

Strict Censorship for press and radio.

Special courts created to persecute any political opposition.

National police force created with a secret

police component.

A Young Benito

Mussolini

Mussolini in the early part

of his dictatorship

Mussolini the Orator

Mussolini Was Mussolini Was Hitler’s Role ModelHitler’s Role Model

Weimar Republic Rise and Fall

Weak democratic gov’t in Germany led by a chancellor (prime minister)

faced weak leadership and severe inflation

People blamed the Weimar Republic for the hated Treaty of Versailles.

U.S. Depression cause German economy to collapse 30% unemployed Grave of Weimar republic

Hitler in his mid to late 30’s

Hitler & the Nazis Nat’l Socialist German

Worker’s Party, known as Nazis German brand of fascism

1919 Hitler joined Nazi’sMain goal is to overthrow Treaty

of VersaillesHe is chosen as der Führer

(leader) of Nazis

Hitler organizes supporters into “storm troopers” to fight against political enemies

Hitler’s Rise to Power Nazis try to seize power in the Beer

Hall Puscht (1923) Hitler jailed

Mein Kampf (My Struggle) becomes blueprint for NazisAryans = master race Jews, Slavs, Gypsies,

Homosexuals inferior Blamed all countries problems on

Jews

Get Germany more Lebensraum (living space)

Germans look for strong leader By 1932, Nazis largest political party

1933 Hitler named chancellor Within 1 year he is dictator of Germany

Night of Long Knives – June 30, 1934 Hitler’s Purge killed a

minimum of 85 people Killed political rivals

Creates totalitarian state Suspended civil rights Disbanded all political

parties Executed disloyal

Nazis

Hitler Becomes ChancellorHitler

Goring GobbelsHessHerr Adolf Hitler, the German Chancellor, has saved his country.

Swiftly and with exorable severity, he has delivered Germany from men who had become a danger to the unity of the German people and to the order of the state. With lightening rapidity he has caused them to be removed from high office, to be arrested, and put to death. The names of the men who have been shot by his orders are already known. Hitler's love of Germany has triumphed over private friendships and fidelity to comrades who had stood shoulder to shoulder with him in the fight for Germany's future.

Daily Mail, July 2nd 1934.

Germany becomes a Totalitarian state

SS (elite military unit) & Gestapo (secret police) terrorize, arrest, & kill

Propaganda, indoctrination, & censorship

Controlled all areas of German life

Enemies arrested or killed

A warrant disc identified an operative as Gestapo without revealing personal identity.

Insignia pins worn on SS commissioned and non-commissioned officers’ hats

Nazi Propaganda

Campaign against the Jews

Hatred of Jews (anti-Semitism)

Nuremburg Laws- laws deprive Jews of rights including: German citizenship;

marrying non-Jews;

attending or teaching at German schools;

practicing law or medicine;

publishing books

1935 chart from Nazi Germany used to explain

the Nuremberg Laws

Kristallnacht Violence against Jews -(Kristallnacht) “Night of

Broken Glass” November 7, 1938

November 1938. Jews arrested during Kristallnacht line up for roll call at the Buchenwald

concentration camp

Kristallnacht

267 Synagogues burned or destroyed

Jewish Cemeteries Desecrated by Nazis

Nazi Ideology Nazis indoctrinated

young people with messages of racism, loyalty, and destroying enemies w/o mercy

Women were encouraged to have “pure blooded Aryan children”

Nazis denounced Art, Jazz, and Religion

Adolf Hitler with a member of a Nazi youth organization

Hitler w/ child