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Question and answer "clinics" last nearly as long as the classes. Here every student is free to "air" hispersonal golf problems. These may range from the type of clothing most sensible on the fairways towhether a golf glove re~lIy helps or not, but regardless of importance each is given complete attention.

the majority would never come in con-tact with a golf professional - and this istheir opportunity to get top instruction.Others are drawn by -Walsh's reputation. «-Regardless of the reason for their first visit,they all return for each session of the course- and leave reluctantly at the end.

Experienced Pro Conceives PlanThe idea for the Chicago Park District

Free Winter Golf Schools took shape longbefore 1945. Park Recreation officials be- .came enthusiastic over a plan presented tothem in 1942 by Packey Walsh, who then-as now-was in charge of the four Parkgolf courses and all Park activities relatingto golf. Packey had nearly twenty fiveyears. of experience in group teaching -including two years at George WilliamsCollege, where ,he taught future golf teach-ers. This particularly difficult phase ofteaching a game as individual as golf has

always fascinated him and he spent muchtime working on techniques that would beeffective in teaching sizable groups in thePark District's fieldhouses. Before his plancould be put into effect Walsh left forservice with' the Infantry in the Pacificand the school idea was shelved. Uponhis return in the fall of 1945 he again airedhis idea for a free, indoor golf school forthe general public and Park executivesstarted the machinery going to put theplan into operation.

Today, after four years of successful op-eration, the Chicago Park District FreeWinter Indoor Golf Schools have taken ona definite pattern. Preparations for eachseries of classes are made months beforethe schools open. Three locations are care-fully selected, one on the north, one on thewest and one on the south side of the City,at Park District fieldhouses that are easily

*Editor's Note: Packey (Patrick J.) Walsh is the youngest of the four Walsh brothers ofgolfing. When 9 years old he began caddying at Chicago's Beverly Country Club where he dis-covered his real aim in life - to learn as much about golf as possible - and to teach the game.

Eight years 'later he became club maker and assistant professional to Eddy Loos, then pro-fessional at Beverly. Since that time Packey has been associated with golf clubs all over theMiddlewest. In Omaha, Nebraska, Des Moines, Iowa and in (and around) Chicago.

He has been a member of the Professional Golfers Association of America for twenty of histwenty-five- years in golf. •

Packey joined the recreation staff of the Chicago Park District in 1938. In his presentcapacity of Golf Supervisor he is responsible for the operation of the Park District's four golfcourses, in Lincoln, Columbus, Jackson and Marquette Parks. He supervises the various golftournaments held on these Park District golf courses each year.

More recently, he has been in complete charge of organization and instruction of the ChicagoPark District Free Win'ter Golf Schools which were instituted by the Park District upon Packey'sreturn from over 2 years of service with the infantry during the last war.

62 Galfdam

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May, 1949 63

reached by public transportation and whichare equipped with the facilities and spacerequired. A schedule of Classes is set up,and the Park District publicity office goesto work on the project. Every possiblemedia for carrying information is used;radio, newspapers-both local and metro-politan, television, industrial house organs,posters, etc. This release of information onthe Golf Schools is timed to break a fewweeks before the opening of the schools

There is no restriction on sex, age or economicstanding in the Park District Free Golf Schools.Packey's students (as can be seen above) includegrandmothers, bobby-soxers, bankers, truck drivers,housewives, etc. When baby-sitters are scarce, mombrings and watches the baby from the sidelines.

so that by the time opening date rollsaround, registration is complete.

As to the instruction itself, how can youteach an absolute beginner anything aboutgolf in four lessons v- especially when yourattention must be divided between him andforty or fifty other beginners in the sameclass? If you accused Packey Walsh ofbeing a practical and practicing psycholo-gist, he would merely look blankly at you'and politely wait for the punch line. Thefact remains, he knows people and how toreach them where they live. It's this ability- applied on a mass. scale that is the realsecret of the Park District Golf Schools' suc-cess.

Walsh's plan of "instruction is builtaround a single principle: simplicity. Hedoes not complicate his explanations anddemonstrations with long-drawn out theor-ies. He avoids the use of technical termsin class. He uses simple words and expres-sions - understandable to the schoolchild,the housewife, 'the plumber and the 'busi-nessman alike. He limits instruction tocover only the basic positions and move-

64

ments that will produce a sound golfswing - and he hammers these points homeuntil the class adopts each one as a per-sonal habit.

Each class is conducted by Packey per-sonally. His technique is so carefullyworked out and the various points of in-struction are so closely knit together -that he brooks no interruption duringthe regular class session. The onlyvoice in the room during the classperiod is his own. Everyone stands,ready to assume the various positions asWalsh explains and demonstrates them.Packey himself is constantly on the prowlthroughout the room, giving everyone anopportunity to see every detail of his dem-onstration clearly and at close range, andhe personally checks each pupil during-the class for position.

At the end of each session pupils are en-couraged to ask questions. Questions con-cerning a phase of instruction yet to becovered in some future session are shelved.All others are answered completely, graph-ically and - most important - to thequestioner'S complete satisfaction. Thesequestion and answer "clinics" are one ofthe most popular features of the Schoolsand often last a half-hour or more.

At the close of the fourth and last classof each school, every member -of the classreceives a mimeographed outline of thepoints to remember in practicing on hisown. This outline is simple and direct,and - .like Packey's delivery during class,-contains no confusing terms or catch-phrases to muddle the student.

Class Methods Make School'

Probably the greatest single reason forthe constantly growing popularity of theChicago Park District Free Winter IndoorGolf Schools is the Packey Walsh personal-ity. He has developed a frank techniquein handling his students - and they loveit. His frankness is not brutal, however. Heis blunt and direct; straightens the class outat the very outset by telling them thatthey're all there to learn and not to wastetime; that any interruption is a selfish in-fringement on the rights of the class as awhole; that if anyone present thinks he'sgot a better answer to the golf problemsbeing considered - let him produce hisPGA card and go to work. At this pointeveryone glares around at his fellow pupilsand it is a brave character who opens hisyap thereafter without invitation!

(Continued on page 74)

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May, 1949 65

This Year'sChallenge

Conditions Ato Able Pro

By PAT PATTENProfessional, Orinda (Calif.) Country club

Definitely the pro golf fraternity has awell founded realization that although thisshould be a good year financiaily it's goingto require harder and smarter work thanprevious post-war years have necessitated.

The 1949 business conditions will pro-vide a test for the pro merchant but heought to do a whole lot better than manyother retailers for the pro still has a lotof room in his market.

Some of the boys talk about the "satura-tion point" having been reached. Theymean the "saturation point" on easy salesthat just fall into one's lap. The time whengood golfing tools were difficult or impos-sible to buy and when "let the buyer be-ware" was the rule, has passed. Nobodyhad to be a merchant to sell then. Whathe may have thought he sold was bought.The pro would have had to close his shopto keep from doing fair to very good busi-ness.

Now there can be an increase to prosales volume but it can be effected only

Pat Patten, Orinda (Calif.) CC professional, usesthis corner of his pro shop to check list of inactivemembers with an eye to building up program tobring them out and thus increase market pos-

sibilities that otherwise lie dormant.

after keen scrutiny of the golfer's needs andsubsequent careful stocking of equipmentand accessories to at least partially mag-netize the potential buyer. The pro has tomake sure he features only proved andreliable brands of merchandise. He mustavoid "off brands" and brands of question-

66

able quality. He can present a wise pricerange of shop stock without getting hismerchandising identified with "cheap"stuff.

The pro must look for every chance tosell tournament prizes. He has to workclosely with heads of men's and women'stournament committees and those who areconducting special events at the club. Alot of the prizes can be of merchandisethat he carries in stock. Prizes of the cupand jewelry type usually are available tothe pro on a discount basis and the proshould investigate the possibility of mak-ing a deal with one of the trophy dealers.

Market Development a Pro JobRight now the pro has to be more con-

scious of the importance of his marketdevelopment and more energetic in it thanever before.

He has no trouble at all getting the oldreliables out to the club and playing andbuying, but he'll see that he has consider-able work to do among many members ofhis club if he has accurate records on howmany of his members don't playas oftenas they should for their own good and thegood of the club. Many businessmen aregoing to be under tension of uncertaintythis year. Their doctors will tell them thatthis tension probably more than anyorganic defect accounts for the alarmingmortality of successful businessmen. Youreally can do a pretty fair job of doctoringfor them if you can get them to play, evenif you have to connive with their wives anddoctors to use influence. Maybe these menare awful golfers and it's tough to sparktheir interest in more play. But that's achallenge to the pro.

Our other phases of market developmentinvolve less of a- problem to the pro whois willing to plan and to work.

Each spring, for the past few years, Ihave .conducted novice classes for ladiesand juniors. Aware of the fact that"misery loves company," I get a dozen orso brand-new women golfers together, giveeach a club or two and a few balls, andtake them out to the practice fairway fora group lesson. After brief recital of golffundamentals, I step aside and let thembang away together. I have found thatregardless of results, the lassies really en-

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joy themselves, laughing at each other'smistakes and trying to out-do Helen orGertrude as the case may be. The spiritor camaraderie prevails. I charge anominal fee and find, out of a class, agoodly portion is sufficiently interestedto follow up and so become regular pupilsof mine. That, I submit, is good business.

In juniors, the same program has provenitself. It takes .no stretch of the imagina-tion to see how child golfer and fond parentmake "Box-Office."

Boost College GolfThroughout the country many profes-

sionals have coaching jobs with universi-. ties and colleges. In such a capacity oneshould be able to influence college golfersto become very active in the game, sincethey are the largest and most desirablesource of future club members. My clubpermits the golf teams of nearby collegesto use the golf course free of charge. Theyplay during the off hours on week days andhave consideration not to interfere withthe regular club golfing schedules. It 'is aservice to them and gives them the oppor-tunity to playa private course. Such sow-ing of good will invariably pays dividendsin the future.

The caddy angle may not present In.It-seltany immediate cash value, but, in myopinion, the good, satisfied.caddy definitelyfigures in the over-all country club picture.lViycaddies are paid wages comparable toany club in the area. I encourage schoolboys to come out but insist they complywith their school's regulations in regardto work permits and class attendance.Each spring my caddy-master and one ortwo of our best caddies take a group ofthe youngsters out on the course and thor-oughly school them in the art of goodcaddying. They learn the rules, golf con-duct, and a little "fairway common sense."Then, and then only, are they assigned jobs.It has paid. Fair and considerate attentionto their individual problems has generatedrespect in them for me and their caddy-master. They show added interest in theirjobs and definite profits in their pockets.

My caddies are taught, aside from themere carrying of the bag, to co-operatewith each other. They don't hang back onthe flags and have learned to help eachother in many ways. For instance (mycaddies carry double), when one boy findshe has one ball on the left of the fairwayand his other player's ball on the right, heswitches bags with his fellow caddy so thatregardless of whom he is caddying for, heis servicing -. This not only speeds up playbut saves wear and tear on the boy pluseliminating the necessity of a player stand-ing and waiting for a club. There is no setrule for taking the flags. Regardless ofwhose player is first on the green, etc., the

68

caddy who is least occupied at the timetakes the pin. These little tricks and co-ordinations keep my members happy andmore satisfied and my caddies comingback.

For some time there has been some con-cern about the source of the future quali-fied assistants and professionals. If everypro would spend a little more time instruct-ing his caddies, helping them make theirwork interesting and less arduous,' thequestion would answer itself. Good caddiesmake for better golf, happier players andadded revenue.

Besides, caddies grow up and play golf.

Indiana S,ction inProfitable Meet

Indiana PGA annual spring meeting atHotel Lincoln, Indianapolis, April 4, wasattended by most of the section's members,many assistants, and a good representa-tion of manufacturers. Program was themost practical the Hoosier group has pre-sented.

Lee Harrington, Wilson's MerchandisingManager; Don Mudd, Spalding's treasurer,and George Madden, publicity director ofWm. H. Block Co., Indianapolis, with thestore's head display man, Coleman Clark,gave a very valuable round-Up on pro busi-ness problems. Harrington detailed howthe pro can make good use of the outsideviewpoint in, getting more business. Muddtold the pros how to make more money byworking with manufacturers' credit de-

'partment and Madden and Clark put on ademonstration of how to show merchandisethat was a new and exceedingly valuablefeature of pro merchandising sessions.

The veteran Al Watrous, showing severalmovies including an amazing new film De-troit pros had made with a super-slowmotion camera General Motors engineer-ing department supplied, conducted an ex-ceptionally informative and useful instruc-tion clinic. Al flew in from his job atOakland Hills CC (Detroit dist.) to stagea fine session for the Indianans.

Wayne Timberman's class of three boysand three girls, ranging in age from 6 to16 years, put on an astonishingly good ex-hibition of junior class instruction underWayne's direction. The kids have soundswings and score well. They got a greathand from the pros.

Tom Crane, PGA executive sec., gave areview of PGA national activities. The af-fair concluded with a banquet at whichMayor Al Feeney of Indianapolis, Indian-apolis golf writers, veteran pros and clubofficials spoke in a merry vein. Herb Graf-fis was ringmaster of the finale.

Golfdom

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ModernStage

Greenkeeping Setsfor Golf's Future

By HERB GRAFFIS

Address before the annual meeting of the National Greenkeeping SuperintendentsAssociation, Los Angeles. Feb. 7.11. 1949.

Today golf has a few more than 4900courses. About two thirds of them are 9 holecourses. Most people are inclined to thinkof golf still as primarily a rich man's gamebut the actual figures correct that view.There are only 1195 private 18 hole clubsin . the United States. Two thirds of allU. S. courses are public or semi-public.

We hear figures all the 'way from 7,000,-000 down as the number of golfers. Butwhen you get studying membership figuresand data from public and semi-publiccourses and the sales of golf playing equip-ment you learn that there are around 3,-000,000 who really can be considered activegolfers.

American golf clubs have a plant in-vestment of approximately one billion dol-lars. This represents about $300 of invest-ment for each of the active players. That'sbig money in any sport except the nationaldebt. Each week during the height of theseason at American golf clubs is spentmore than organized baseball takes in atits parks during any month. Of course notall of it is spent for golf at golf clubs.There are far more rounds of drinks boughtat golf clubs than there are rounds ofgolf played.

These cold figures are cited to call at-tention to the seldom recognized fact thatthe greenkeeping superintendent is the oneesssential factor in the operation of a gi-gantic sports business. There are thou-sands of courses without professionals orclubhouse managers but even the 9-holecow-pasture sand green course must havesomeone caring for it, whether he's calledgreenkeeping superintendent, greenkeeper,care-taker or farmer.

The past and the present in golf dependbasically on the greenkeeper keeping acourse attractive, even for players whocan't break 100, and at a cost private clubmembers, semi-public course owners orpublic recreation .bodies can afford. Thefuture of the business of golf also dependson excellent and economical course main-tenance.

70

Economy is constantly impressed uponthe greenkeeping superintendent. As amatter of fact, the greenkeeper generallyis the first object of economy. After abouta quarter century of being rather close tothe inside of American golf business in allits phases I'd say that today there aren'tmore than 50 greenkeeping superintend-ents in the U. S. who are paid salariescommensurate with the ability, hours, re-sponsibility 'and amount of plant invest-ment involved in their jobs.

Around Los Angeles, as in many othermetropolitan golf sectors there are caddieswho earn more than greenkeepers. Thatcertainly is unpardonably poor manage-ment by the successful businessmen whoare club directors. If they applied the samepolicy to their own businesses they wouldn'tbe able to afford private club membership.

That's the reason very few highly de-sirable young men are coining into green-keeping and a considerable number ofmiddleaged experts are getting out of itto increase their earnings by going intoother fields of turf culture and gardening.A club can only get a well qualifiedgreenkeeper today by paying some fellowmore money than he's been getting on his.present job and even then it's difficult towoo the man away. He generally is inlove with his course. When you're inlove your judgment isn't all it should be.

Young men rarely are available for man-agement of a course where high mainten-ance standards are demanded. About theonly group of young men I know beingtrained as competent greenkeepers arethose in the two-year and 14 weekshort courses conducted by Prof. Dickinsonat Massachusetts State college. The ma-jority of them are young professionals whorealize they'll have to know how to managegolf courses in order to be qualified tohandle combination greenkeeper-pro jobsat smaller clubs where the revenue islimited and the size of the club permitsa dual operation.

At the larger clubs the experienced pro-

Golidom