World War I

The first total war

Militarism

The policy of glorifying the military and keeping an army prepared for war

In order to be great, must have a powerful military that can mobilize quickly

Alliances

Growing rivalries caused countries to find alliances to keep the peace

Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-

Hungary, and Italy

Triple Entente Great Britain, France,

and Russia

Imperialism

When a stronger country dominates a weaker country politically, economically, or socially

Countries competed for colonies so mistrust and sense of rivalry grew

Nationalism

Deep devotion to one’s nation or country

Can be a unifying force for a country (ex: Sept. 11th) or can cause intense competition between nations as they seek to overpower each other

Shot Rings Throughout Europe

Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand

Top 10 Weapons

1. Bayonets 2. Flamethrowers 3. Grenades 4. Machine guns 5. Pistols 6. Poison Gas 7. Rifles 8. Mortars

9. Airplane 10. Submarine (U-

boats)

Trench warfare

Life in the trenches

Millions of rats! (~900 offspring a year) Brown rats ate human remains Grew to the size of cats

Lice Leads to trench fever

Trench foot (fungal infection) Cold, wet, blood, urine, vomit, feces

Smell Rotting bodies, gas, feet, etc.

“No man’s land”

Trench foot

Effects of WW1 ALLIES WIN!!!

Every continent but Antarctica involved

“Total War” 8.5 million deaths (+21 million wounded) $338 billion

Women Factories, offices, shops, hospitals, etc.

Versailles Meeting

Big Four Woodrow Wilson (US), Georges Clemenceau

(France), David Lloyd George (GB), and Vittorio Orlando (Italy)

Fourteen Points- Proposed by Wilson Outlined a plan for peace Ended secret treaties, Allowed Free trade, Limited

Military Buildup League of Nations- organization that would

promote peace and solve global conflicts

Treaty of Versailles

Punished Germany entirely for the war They lost a lot of colonies Restrictions on military

strength Pay reparations to other

countries ($33 billion)

DIRECTLY LEADS TO WORLD WAR II