writing & getting published uwe grimm (based on slides by claudia eckert) mct, the open...
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Writing & Getting Published
Uwe Grimm
(based on slides by Claudia Eckert)
MCT, The Open University
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Overview• Why publish?• What type of paper?• Where to publish?• When to publish?• Who should publish?• How to publish?
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Why do you publish ?• If you do not publish, no-one knows what you have done• Publications are a key component of your CV• You get feedback on your work through publications• Your supervisors will help you to get this piece of
research right• Writing papers is a good basis for writing a thesis• Mission of the university to share knowledge
• A group/department needs to publish– get known– obtain funding– be successful in the research assessment
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What paper could you write• Literature reviews
– Require substantial conceptual work• Problem descriptions
– descriptions of situation– descriptions of identified problem
• Solution descriptions– tools, methods, guidelines, processes– discoveries, proves, etc.
• Details of research• Summaries of research• Position papers
– A proposed argument – usually experienced academics
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Where do you publish ?
• Seminars (not reviewed)– Useful quick feedback
• Workshops (sometimes not reviewed)– built up confidence in small audience
• Conferences (reviewed)– quick turn around
• Books/ Review articles – Grab opportunity, often by invitation
• Academic Journals – Peer reviewed – Rigorous substantial reviewing
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When are you ready to publish ?
• This depends on where you want to publish• You generally need a completed piece of work
– problem– solution– validation
• This is not the thesis, but a substantial part of it • The work needs to be contextualised, i.e. know where
you are going
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Contribution
• The amount of publications per thesis vary
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Contribution
• The amount of publications per thesis vary• The amount of papers vary by field• Typical number
– one to two journal papers minimum• Conference papers are stepping stones to journal
papers (though this varies between disciplines)
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Who should publish
• First author – the person who has done the work – you(unless alphabetical, as customary in some disciplines)
• Supervisors as co-authors– You get their attention– They contribute by getting money for you and direct
your work• Supervisor as first authors
– unusual, if it is mainly your work– you might be invited to contribute to supervisor paper
• Corresponding author – the person that submits the paper and communicates with the journal
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Authors
• All authors should agree on the arguments in the paper
• All authors are jointly responsible for the publication
• All authors should have read all of the manuscript and agreed to it before submission
• All authors should be able to answer questions on the paper if they are asked to do so – e.g. at a meeting
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Writing with other people
• Role of the student– draft outline– write draft– suggest paper
• Role of supervisor– suggest paper / outline core argument– comment on paper– use paper to teach you how to write– edit paper
• If your co-author misunderstands you, you have not written it clearly
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Where: conferences versus journal
• Conferences– quick feedback– good way to meet researchers in the field – good way to get overview of the topics in field– pick up the language– prestige varies with field
• Look at acceptance rate• In particular in computer science, conferences can be hard to get into
– quite expensive• Ca. £ 1000 in Europe• Ca. £ 1500 in US
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Journal
• Easier to access for readers• Usually higher standards• Rating / Impact factor of the journal gives you standing• Usually more careful reviewing process• Usually looked at over far longer periods of time• Completed pieces of work
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Expertise of supervisors
How much your supervisor knows about your topic and where to publish depends greatly- Positioning of the work in different communities- What are they known for? - What would you like to be known for- How many students have they supervised
- New supervisors are very enthusiastic- Experienced supervisors know the process
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Finding the right place to publish
• Pick the community in which you want to be known– The same as your supervisors give you introduction,
but it can be hard to step out of the shadow– A different community might be a better match
• Identify journals and conferences in the area– highest cited– best place to meet people– understand publishing culture of journal / conference
• Learn the who is who– people who dominate your field– methods that are used in particular journal / community– don’t upset likely reviewers
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How: Process of writing a paper
• Where: Identification of an opportunity– i.e. conference, call, contribution
• Gap: Framing the paper in the context of other literature. What is your contribution?
• Write an outline of the paper• Talk to the your supervisors• Write a draft• Send of for comments in good time• Rewrite the paper• Send of for comments• Handle submission process
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Generic structure of a paper
• 1. Introduction• 2. Literature review• 3. Problem description• 4. Contribution 1• 5. Contribution 2• 6. Validation• 7. Implication / Discussion• 8. Conclusions and further work
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Targeting your paper
• Pick the right place• Look at past papers from the conference journal
– variations in standard– variation in degree of formality– bias towards particular methods
• Use the right format from the beginning• Stick to the word limit
– this determines were you can publish some work• Remember it is harder to write a good short paper than a
good longer one
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Does and don’ts
• Don’t submit an abstract before you have done the work• Don’t decide to submit a paper a few days before a
deadline• Don’t fight your supervisors over authorship• Leave enough time. It always takes much longer than
you think• Pick conferences with special issues• Remember that submitting also takes time
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The wonderful deadline
• Try to submit conference papers by a deadline• You can always improve a paper
– let go and submit it on time– you might be able to revise it later
• Special issues of journals are useful because they have deadlines
• A deadline forces your co-authors to respond in time• Plan your own work ahead to a conference• You usually can negotiate an extension, but ask in good
time
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Publications and your thesis
• Use the publications to drive the thesis– publish as you go along
• Use the thesis to drive the publications– target publications that advance your thesis
• Try to publish chapters of your thesis to– get feedback on the work– get a close over a chapter
• Try to publish as you go along, you might not do it afterwards
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Title and Style
• Title– send out clear signals– describe what the paper is about– provocative titles are picked up on
• Style: academic writing should be– clear– unambiguous– unpretentious– as wordy as necessary and as brief as possible
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Response from the journal
• Accept as is – never happens• Accept with minor changes
– paper will most likely be taken– recommendation can be anything from typos to
cutting half the paper• Accept with major changes
– need to responded to in text and in rebuttal– papers will be reviewed– paper can still be rejected– this can go through several rounds
• Reject
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Response from the journal
• Many excellent papers are rejected – this is not an affront to your dignity or intelligence
• Referees take a deal of time to review your paper – sometimes they get it wrong or fail to understand what you have written, but mostly their points are valid
• Wait 24 hours before firing off a reply to the journal• Consult all of your fellow authors• Do what is asked, if it is reasonable…………..• Make point by point response when resubmitting
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Questions and discussion