A F i nmeccan i ca Company

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Gas Turbines

Ansaldo Energia brings to the market the most advancedconsolidated technology gas turbines, combining therobustness of its standard design with its recognisedability in fulfilling customer needs with tailored solutions.

GT arrangements Fuels

• gas turbine packages • gaseous• power islands (natural gas and low• turnkey combined cycle plants heating value gas)• liquid

NOx emissions Manufacture incompliance with

• present: 40 mg/Nm3 • Company’s ISO 900115% O2 dry (EN 29001)

certified qualitysystem

• target: 30 mg/Nm3

15% O2 dry

Ansaldo Energia Gas Turbines power installed (orders included) [MW].

18.000

16.000

14.000

12.000

10.000

8.000

6.000

4.000

2.000

0

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

V94.3A

V94.2

V64.3AV64.3

Total: 118 gas turbines,orders included

Pow

er(M

W)

Years

Cumulated Equivalent Operating Hours, total AEN GTs: 3000000 EOH

Efficiency Reliability Availability Easy maintenance Cost effectiveness

00

300300

250250

200200

150150

100100

5050

V94.2Grid frequency: 50 Hz

Characteristics- 16 stages axial-flow compressor- 2 silo combustion chamber with 8 hybrid burners each and lined with ceramic tiles- 4 stages turbine

V94.2KGrid frequency: 50 Hz

Characteristics- V94.2 with 17 stages compressor, suitable for low heating value gases (LVH: 10.000

3.000 kJ/kg) derived from petroleum refining, coal and steel industry processes.

V94.3AGrid frequency: 50 Hz

Characteristics- 15 stages axial-flow compressor- annular combustion chamber with 24 hybrid burners and ceramic tiles- 4 stages turbine with single-crystal turbine blades with thermal barrier coating and film cooling

ISO

Pow

erou

tput

[MW

]

V64.3AGrid frequency: 50/60 Hz

Characteristics- 15 stages axial-flow compressor- annular combustion chamber with 24 hybrid burners and ceramic-coated heat shields- 4 stages turbine with turbine blades with thermal barrier coating and film cooling

Turbine inlet temp. acc. to ISO 2314 [±C]

Pressure ratio [-]

Power output at gen. term. [MW]

Efficency at gen term. [%]

Exhaust gas mass flow [kg/s]

Exhaust gas temperature [±C]

1210

17.1

77

36.0

213

586

1075

11,8

166

34.5

531

544

1060

12.0

170

36.5

540

545

Thermodynamic dataISO base load V64.3A V94.2 V94.2K

1230

17.7

285

39.6

690

572

V94.3A

Manufacturing capabilitiesIn order to meet the challenge of increasing market com-petitiveness, in recent years the Company has undergone amajor reorganization and invested heavily in humanresources, advanced technology and new products.A significant portion of the investment was spent on con-solidating and upgrading manufacturing facilitites,to optimize the production of complete flange to flangegas turbines, including hot gas path components.

The main centres of excellence at the factory are:

• The gas turbine hot blade production centre with sixcreepfeed grinding machines and a dedicated electricdischarge machining cell with eigth plunging and twocutting machines. Two measuring units are interfacedwith them for real time monitoring and correction. Thecenter is used to machine surfaces and cooling / sealingchannels on precision cast turbine rotor blades andvanes.

• The steam and compressor blade production centre witha series of stand alone NC milling machine and a flexiblemachining system with six 5-axis machining centres,three special 5-axis-5 spindle profile milling machines, ameasuring machine, six load/unload stations and 15buffer stations. Their numeric control are driven dynami-cally by the Cad/Cam system to support the large num-ber of machines involved and the different type and sizeof blades to produce.

The manufacturing capacity of the production site currentlystands at 18 gas turbines a year. A dedicated productionline for manufacturing rotor components has recentlyimproved the capacity by duplicating the most criticalmachine tools.

Turbogas control system

The control system has been designed specifically byAnsaldo Energia to meet the stringent requirements of newgeneration advanced performance gas turbines, while atthe same time offering customers familiarity and ease ofmaintenance.System development has drawn on know-how gatheredduring the implementation of hundreds of gas andindustrial steam turbine applications. Before release thesystem was tested extensively at Ansaldo productionfacilities with the support of dynamic real time simulators,for fuel controller, sequence controller and protectionsystem.

System features

• Double redundancy in hot backup for all system proces-sors.

• Functionally distributed redundant architecture to allowfully automatically safe unit operation (golden push but-ton i.e. completely automatic startup, shutdown andoperation).

• Modular architecture to accommodate the full range ofclient requirements by adding pre-assembled HW andSW modules.

• System designed for complete simple cycle applicationswith a standard interface for combined cycle operation.

• Extensive use of displays, graphics and mimic diagramsallows all plant diagnostic and supervision functions tobe centralised on the operator’s desk.

• Product specifications comply with the most widely usedindustrial standards.

• Integrated system for single shaft application(gas and steam turbines with a common generator).

System specifications

Control, protection and sequence functions are handledseparately, but created using the same functional blocksand uniform technology.

High performance processors for critical controls (TG speedfuel control, electrical transients, etc. – max cycle time:8 msec).

Dedicated special boards for:• automatic synchronization with the electric grid (TAS)• hydraulic servo valve actuation (HSS 03)• sequence event recorder (if required)• VDU based operator interface (conventional tile paneloptional)

• 1,200 I/O for fully automatic operation and supervision• 2/3 and 1/2 field mounted instrument redundancy.

Ansaldo Energia supplies pre-designed combined cycleinstallations incorporating VX4.2/VX4.3A gas turbinesknown as Cobra plants (combined Brayton Rankine).

The full range of plant configurations covers all possiblecustomer arrangement, flexibility, reliability and availabilityrequirements.

All configurations are designed and optimised to provide acompletely integrated power generation system.

The product line (see table) covers a wide range ofapplications.

The technical parameters of the bottoming steam cycle(which affect plant cost and perfomance) are defined foreach individual application on the basis of an economicanalysis of capital costs, fuel costs, availability and customerrequirements in order to yield the highest thermal efficiencyat the lowest installed cost.

Cobra combined cycle power plants

Cobra plant performancesNet Plant Net Plant Heat Grid No. &

Model Output Efficiency Rate Frequency Type[MW] [%] [kJ/kWh] [Hz] GT

Cobra 164.3A 115 54.2 6647 50 1xV64.3A

Cobra 264.3A 233 54.7 6586 50 2xV64.3A

Cobra 194.2 246 51.7 6962 50 1xV94.2

Cobra 294.2 499 52.4 6873 50 2xV94.2

Cobra 194.3A 412 57.8 6225 50 1 x V94.3A

Cobra 294.3A 820 57.6 6248 50 2 x V94.3A

Iso condition with:– condenser vacuum = 0.035 bar, except 0,050 bar for Cobra 2943A– GT inlet pressure loss = 10 mbar ISO– GT exhaust pressure loss = 30 / 30 / 35 mbar ISO resp. for V64.3A / V94.2 / V94.3A gas turbines

Via N. Lorenzi, 8 - 16152 Genova - ItalyTel. +39.010.6551 - Fax +39.010.6556209E-mail: ansaldoenergia@aen.ansaldo.itwww.ansaldoenergia.it

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Ansaldo Energia has 150 years experience in the elec-trical and mechanical engineering business. It is aglobal player in the power generation sector with aninstalled capacity of 160,000 MW.Ansaldo Energia offers the full range of manufacturing,engineering, contracting and service activities, as wellas a flexible approach to power projects.Steam fossil fired, gas turbine and combined cycle,hydroelectric, geothermal and nuclear power plants,supplied turnkey, in separate lots or by components.