yale's six americas

Upload: earth-charter-indiana

Post on 03-Jun-2018

217 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    1/45

    global warmings

    six americasin september 2012

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    2/45

    Global Warmings Six Americas, September 2012

    "#$%&'(%) *+$%,- ./0/,$ 123%4$%56%& 278 7927

    "#$%&'(%),- 289:2 .*/;$, ?

    @+&0(# AB %&&A&- >CD 1 4%&E%#$+0% 4A(#$, +$ $F% GHI EA#B(*%#E% ;%'%; BA& $F% B/;; ,+54;%J

    KLMN- .;; &%,/;$, ,FA) 4%&E%#$+0%, +5A#0 +;; &%,4A#*%#$,8 /#;%,, A$F%&)(,% ;+6%;%*J MA$+;, 5+O AEE+,(A#+;;O

    ,/5 $A 5A&% AEE+,(A#+;;O &A/#* $A 5A&% $F+# 299 4%&E%#$ */% $A &A/#*(#0J

    MF(, ,$/*O )+, EA#*/E$%* 6O $F% !"#$ &'()$*+ (, -#./"+$ -0",1$ -(//2,.*"+.(, +#* $F% 3$('1$ 4"5(,6,.7$'5.+8 -$,+$' 9(' -#./"+$ -0",1$ -(//2,.*"+.(,: +#* )+, B/#*%* 6O $F% 3/&*#+ PA/#*+$(A#8 $F% 22$F

    QA/& R&AS%E$8 $F% T&+#$F+5 PA/#*+$(A#8 +#* $F% UJ VJ W+,5/,,%# PA/#*+$(A#J

    &'.,*.;"#

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    3/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 2

    "#$%& '( )'*"&*"+

    ,-./

    7 &0/12345/ +266-78^ "#$&A*/E$(A#

    H MF% 3(b .5%&(E+, ./*(%#E% 3%05%#$,

    : \F+#0%, (# $F% 3(Y% AB 3%05%#$,

    _ ,/71/45/9 $/:/;43< -:9 )=/9214:. (=

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    4/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 7

    &0/12345/ +266-78

    "# 799=8 /,(#0 #+$(A#+;;O &%4&%,%#$+$('% ,/&'%O *+$+ A# 0;A6+; )+&5(#0 6%;(%B,8 6%F+'(A&, +#* 4A;(EO

    4&%B%&%#E%, (# $F% ]#($%* 3$+$%,8 )% (*%#$(B(%* ,(b *(,$(#E$ 0&A/4, AB .5%&(E+#,T;A6+; Warmings Six

    .5%&(E+,J 3(#E% $F%#8 )% F+'% $&+Ed%* $F% ,(Y% AB $F%,% ,(b +/*(%#E%,+#* $F% A#0A(#0 %'A;/$(A# AB $F%(&

    6%;(%B,8 6%F+'(A&, +#* 4A;(EO 4&%B%&%#E%,$F&A/0F + ,%&(%, AB #+$(A#+; ,/&'%O,J c% A6,%&'%* + ,F+&4 *%E;(#%

    (# 4/6;(E %#0+0%5%#$ B&A5 $F% B+;; AB 799= $A e+#/+&O 79298 +#* + 0&+*/+; &%6A/#* ,$+&$(#0 (# e/#% 7929J "#A/& 5A,$ &%E%#$ ,/&'%O (# 3%4$%56%& 79278 )% BA/#* $F+$ $F% &%6A/#* (# 4/6;(E %#0+0%5%#$ F+, EA#$(#/%*-

    $F%>#"'/$E: -(,*$',$E+#* -"2+.(25 +/*(%#E% ,%05%#$, A#E% +0+(# EA54&(,% _9 4%&E%#$ AB $F% .5%&(E+#

    4/6;(E8 +, $F%O *(* (# $F% B+;; AB 799=J @A&%A'%&8 $F%&% )+, 6A$F ,(0#(B(E+#$ 0&A)$F (# $F% ,(Y% AB $F%>#"'/$E

    +#* *%E;(#% (# $F% ,(Y% AB $F% F.5/.55.7$6%$)%%# $F% ,4&(#0 +#* B+;; AB 7927J

    3#()#+4#5 6#7#.+*, '75 %-,*, -. 8#59)+7: ;-,,+< ;9#< =,# '75 >

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    5/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 1

    6#

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    6/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 ^

    I:37=92134=:

    MF(, &%4A&$ (, $F% ,(b$F (# + ,%&(%, A# Global Warmings Six Americas8 +# +/*(%#E% ,%05%#$+$(A# +#+;O,(, /,%*

    $A %b+5(#% .5%&(E+#,h 6%;(%B,8 +$$($/*%,8 4A;(EO 4&%B%&%#E%, +#* E;(5+$%D&%;%'+#$ 6%F+'(A&,D

    U(%), A# $F% (,,/% AB 0;A6+; )+&5(#0 '+&O 6&A+*;O (# $F% ]#($%* 3$+$%,8 +#* +/*(%#E% ,%05%#$+$(A# E+4$/&%,

    $F% &+#0% AB A4(#(A# 6O (*%#$(BO(#0 EAF%,('% 0&A/4, )($F(# $F% 4/6;(E $F+$ ,F+&% ,(5(;+& 6%;(%B,8 +$$($/*%, +#*6%F+'(A&,J MF% ,%05%#$+$(A# B&+5%)A&d *%,E&(6%* (# $F(, &%4A&$ *('(*%, .5%&(E+#, (#$A ,(b *(,$(#E$ 4/6;(E,

    $F+$ &+#0% +;A#0 + ,4%E$&/5 AB EA#E% +#* (,,/% %#0+0%5%#$J

    MF% B(&,$ &%4A&$ (*%#$(BO(#0 $F%,% 0&A/4,3#(@"# G"'/.,1H5 ?.I >/$'.*"5: ABBJ 4&AB(;%* $F% ,%05%#$, (#

    *%$+(;J N+EF ,/6,%j/%#$ &%4A&$ F+, $&+Ed%* EF+#0%, (# $F% ,(Y%, AB $F% ,%05%#$,8 +#* *%,E&(6%* +**($(A#+;

    EF+&+E$%&(,$(E, +#* 6%;(%B, AB $F% ,(b 0&A/4,f +;; 4&(A& &%4A&$, +&% 4/6;(E;O +'+(;+6;% +$ A/& )%6,($%,J2 MF%

    5%$FA*, /,%* $A 0+$F%& +#* +#+;OY% $F%,% *+$+ +&% *%,E&(6%* 6&(%B;O +$ $F% %#* AB $F% &%4A&$8 6/$ + B/;;

    *%,E&(4$(A# AB $F% +#+;O,(, 5%$FA*, 5+O 6% BA/#* (# @+(6+EF $+ "#D:7922J7

    MF(, &%4A&$ (, *('(*%* (#$A $F&%% ,%E$(A#,- MF% B(&,$ %b+5(#%, $F% ?.I >/$'.*"5H%b4%E$+$(A#, BA& 6A$F 4A,($('%+#* #%0+$('% A/$EA5%, (B $F% #+$(A# $+d%, +E$(A# $A &%*/E% 0;A6+; )+&5(#0%b4%E$+$(A#, $F+$ +&% ,$&A#0;O

    &%;+$%* $A $F% 0&A/4,h ,/44A&$ BA& #+$(A#+; +E$(A# A# $F% (,,/%J

    MF% ,%EA#* ,%E$(A# +**&%,,%, $F% j/%,$(A# AB FA) $F% ]J3J ,FA/;* &%,4A#* $A E;(5+$% EF+#0% +#* A/& %#%&0O

    #%%*,8 +,,%,,(#0 ,/44A&$ BA& '+&(A/, #+$(A#+; 4A;(E(%, +#* 4A$%#$(+; EA/&,%, AB +E$(A#J

    MF% $F(&* ,%E$(A# BAE/,%, A# FA) %+EF AB $F% 3(b .5%&(E+, 4%&E%('% $F% &%;+$('% (#B;/%#E% AB (#*('(*/+;,8

    A&0+#(Y+$(A#, +#* EA54+#(%, A# $F% %;%E$%* &%4&%,%#$+$('%, )FA +&% ,F+4(#0 ]J3J %#%&0O +#* E;(5+$% 4A;(E(%,J

    \($(Y%# +E$('(,5 (# ,/44A&$ AB E;(5+$% +#* %#%&0O 4A;(E(%, (, /#;(d%;O (B (#*('(*/+;, 6%;(%'% $F%(& &%4&%,%#$+$('%,

    )(;; (0#A&% $F%(& '(%),f F%#E%8 EA54+&(,A#, E+# ,F%* ;(0F$ A# $F% ,(b 0&A/4,h ,%#,% AB EA;;%E$('% %BB(E+EO8 +#

    %,,%#$(+; EA54A#%#$ AB E('(E %#0+0%5%#$J

    2W%4A&$, 5+O 6% +EE%,,%* +$- F$$4-CC%#'(&A#5%#$JO+;%J%*/CE;(5+$%C4/6;(E+$(A#,C ('F$$4-CCE;(5+$%EF+#0%J05/J%*/J

    7@+(6+EF8 N*)+&*8 .#$FA#O X%(,%&A)($Y8 \A##(% WA,%&DW%#A/B a \JVJ @%&$YJ

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    7/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 H

    "G/ +40 #6/741-< #294/:1/ +/.6/:3#"'/$E$A $F% F.5/.55.7$J T&A/4, A# $F% ;%B$ AB $F(, ,4%E$&/5 +&% 5A&%

    EA#E%%* +#* *%,(&% 5A&% +E$(A# $A &%*/E% 0;A6+; )+&5(#08 )F(;% 0&A/4, A# $F% &(0F$ +&% &%;+$('%;O

    /#EA#E%%* +#* A44A,% +E$(A#J MF% 5(**;% 0&A/4, $%#* $A F+'% ;A) (,,/% (#'A;'%5%#$8 *A #A$ $F(#d

    +6A/$ 0;A6+; )+&5(#0 AB$%# +#* *A #A$ F+'% ,$&A#0(B +#OA4(#(A#, A# $F% EA/&,% $F% ]J3J ,FA/;*4/&,/%J

    ., AB 3%4$%56%& 79278 $F% ;+&0%,$ +/*(%#E% ,%05%#$ (, $F% -(,*$',$E #"'/$E8 -(,*$',$E+#* -"2+.(25E/&&%#$;O EA54&(,% _9 4%&E%#$ AB $F%

    .5%&(E+# 4/6;(EJ .;$FA/0F $F%O &+#0% (# E%&$+(#$O +6A/$ $F% &%+;($O +#* *+#0%&, AB E;(5+$% EF+#0%8 $F%O

    +&% ,(5(;+&;O (#E;(#%* $A 6%;(%'% ($ (, + &%+; $F&%+$ $F+$ ,FA/;* 6% +**&%,,%*J MF/,8 ,A5% ;%'%; AB ,/44A&$ BA&

    +E$(A# (, $F% 4&%*A5(#+#$ '(%) +5A#0 $F% 5+SA&($O AB .5%&(E+#,J

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    8/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 :

    MF% F(2@+92##"'/$EF+* &%6A/#*%* 6O 1 4%&E%#$+0% 4A(#$,8 )F(;% $F% F.5/.55.7$

    ,F&+#d 6O ^ 4%&E%#$J "# 7922 $F%&% )+, ;($$;% EF+#0% (# $F% ,%05%#$ ,(Y%,8 6%OA#* + B/&$F%& *%E&%+,% (# $F%

    F.5/.55.7$+#* + EA&&%,4A#*(#0 0&A)$F (# $F% F(2@+92#J

    "# 7927 $F%&% )+, + 0&+*/+; (#E&%+,% (# $F% ,(Y%, AB $F% 5A&% EA#E%%* ,%05%#$,- (# .4&(; )% BA/#*

    +# (#E&%+,% AB H 4%&E%#$+0% 4A(#$, (# $F% -"2+.(258 +#* + *%E;(#% (# $F% F.5$,1"1$EJ kO 3%4$%56%&8 $F%

    >#"'/$EF+* (#E&%+,%* $A 2: 4%&E%#$ +#* $F% -(,*$',$E$A 7G 4%&E%#$8 )F(;% $F% F.5/.55.7$

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    9/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 _

    ,/71/45/9 $/:/;43< -:9 )=/9214:. (=

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    10/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 =

    "G/1

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    11/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 G

    "G/ )=:1/7:/9 /0D/13 6=7/ B/:/;43< 3G-: 1=

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    12/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 29

    "G/ %'9*+-9,/0D/13 6=7/ B/:/;43< 3G-: 97-QB-1S< ;7=6 3-S4:. -134=:R

    B23 3G/47 B/?4/;< -7/ Q/-S?8 G/?9T

    .6A/$ F+;B A& ,;(0F$;O 5A&% AB $F% -"2+.(25%b4%E$ 6A$F + &+#0% AB 6%#%B($, +#* + ,(#0;% *&+)6+Ed

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    13/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 22

    "G/ J+,#7:':#5-7/ 7/?-345/?8 2:?4S/?8 3= 7/1=.:4J/ -:8 B/:/;43< =7 97-QB-1S< 3= -134=:T

    @+SA&($(%, &%,4A#* i#%($F%& +0&%% #A& *(,+0&%%i BA& +;; AB $F% 6%#%B($, +#* *&+)6+Ed,f 6%$)%%# HH +#*

    =9 4%&E%#$ AB $F% F.5$,1"1$Esay they dont know about$F% 4A$%#$(+; A/$EA5%,

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    14/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 27

    "G/ J-9?*.9

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    15/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 21

    "G/ J+,2+,,+4#

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    16/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 2^

    +2DD=73 ;=7 *-34=:-? ,=?414/#"'/$EJ

    MF%O ,%% $F% EA#,%&'+$('% #%), 5%*(+ +, ;%,, (#B;/%#$(+; $F+# $F%>#"'/$E8 +#* 6%;(%'% $F+$ ;AE+;

    4%A4;% F+'% 5A&% (#B;/%#E% A# ;%0(,;+$A&, $F+# %($F%& $F% EA#,%&'+$('% A& ;(6%&+; #%), 5%*(+J MF%O &+$% ,(b AB $F% $%# ,A/&E%, ,(5(;+&;O8 ,+O(#0 :9 $A :^ 4%&E%#$ %b%&E(,% i+ ;A$i A& i,A5%i (#B;/%#E%-

    W%#%)+6;% %#%&0O EA54+#(%,8 4/6;(E A4(#(A# 4A;;,8 %#'(&A#5%#$+;(,$,8 E;(5+$% ,E(%#$(,$,8 ;AE+; 4%A4;%

    +#* EA#,%&'+$('% 5%*(+J

    27

    2_

    79

    7H

    7_

    7_

    79

    7:

    H=

    HG

    1H

    1=

    ^2

    1_

    1^

    1H

    ^^

    1=

    79

    2G

    7=

    2G

    2H

    2=

    2=

    79

    2_

    2G

    ^

    1

    G

    _

    ^

    :

    H

    H

    H

    ^

    ^

    7

    2:

    72

    2G

    2^

    2:

    21

    2H

    21

    2H

    2_

    9 H9 29

    R%A4;% )FA ,F+&% OA/& '(%) A# 0;A6+; )+&5(#0

    MF% ;(6%&+; #%), 5%*(+

    MF% EA#,%&'+$('% #%), 5%*(+

    MF% 4%A4;% (# OA/& *(,$&(E$ A& ,$+$%

    \;(5+$% ,E(%#$(,$,

    N#'(&A#5%#$+;(,$,

    R/6;(E A4(#(A# 4A;;,

    3A;+&8 )(#*8 +#* 0%A$F%&5+; EA54+#(%,

    \A+;8 A(;8 +#* #+$/&+; 0+, EA54+#(%,

    X+&0% E+54+(0# EA#$&(6/$A&,

    ,/71/:3

    %-7)#(7#5 $/?4/;< -B=23 ,=?4341-? I:;?2/:1/

    . ;A$ AB (#B;/%#E% 3A5% (#B;/%#E% . ;($$;% (#B;/%#E%

    KA (#B;/%#E% ZA#h$ d#A)

    #,m7G^D7G

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    31/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 7G

    %'9*+-9,,/71/D34=:#"'/$E+#* E;A,% $A :9 4%&E%#$ AB $F% -(,*$',$EJ

    W%#%)+6;% %#%&0O EA54+#(%, +&% ,%%# +, ,A5%)F+$ ,(5(;+& $A BA,,(; B/%; EA54+#(%,8 )($F :_ 4%&E%#$

    ,+O(#0 BA,,(; B/%; EA54+#(%, %b%&$ P" #(+PA& P5(/$P(#B;/%#E%8 EA54+&%* $A :H 4%&E%#$ BA& &%#%)+6;%%#%&0O EA54+#(%,J

    .;$FA/0F +;5A,$ $)AD$F(&*, +0&%% $F+$ 4%A4;% )($F $F%(& '(%), )A&d(#0 $A0%$F%& EA/;* (#B;/%#E%

    %;%E$%* &%4&%,%#$+$('%,

  • 8/12/2019 Yale's Six Americas

    32/45[+;%CT%A&0% @+,A# 3(b .5%&(E+,8 3%4$J 7927 19

    J+,#7:':#5,/71/D34=: