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VISUALORDER{ }

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figure/ground

similarity proximity

closure continuance

translation rotation

reflection glide/reflection

dilation

symmetric balance asymmetric balanceambiguous balance

neutral balance

| 8 | 10| 12| 14

| 18| 20| 22 | 24| 26

| 30| 32| 34| 36

| 6

4

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GEST

ALT

A set of principles established by pyschologists. These principles (similarity, proximity, continuation, and closure) state that the human brain sorts and organizes objects reflexively.

PRINCIPLES

OF GROUPING

GEST

ALT

6

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

VVVVVVVVV

ISU

AL

OR

DE

R | 2

014V

7

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

VVVVVVVV

FIGU

RE

/ GRO

UN

D | the identification of a figure from

its background by using contrast.

8

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9

SIMIL

ARIT

Y | O

bjects with sim

ilar traits seem to belong together.

iIiI iIi

IiI i

IiI iI

10

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SS

SS

SSSSS

SSSSSSSSS

11

PROX

IMIT

Y | objects that are located near each other appear to be part of a group.

12

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13

CLO

SURE | Tw

o or more objects appear to be connected by an invisible line.

u uuuu uuu

14

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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

15

CO

NT

INU

AN

CE | an object leads the eye by using line and curve.

16

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SYM

MET

RY

Symmetrical objects are objects that are duplicated at least once, and are repeated or rotated. These objects can be divided into several categories: translation, rotation, reflection, glide reflection, and dilation.

SYM

MET

RY

OPERATIONS

SYMMETRIC

18

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19

TRA

NSL

AT

ION

| the linear equal reproduction of an object. L

L L L L

LL

L L L L

LLL L L L

LL

L L L L

L

L

L L L L

L LL L L L

L

20

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OOOO

OO

O Oooooo ooo oooo ooo o

OOO

OO

OO O

ooooo ooo oooo ooo o

21

ROTA

TIO

N | the rotation of an object on an axis.

22

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23

RE

FLEC

TIO

N | an object is reflected beside its counterpart. RR RR

RR RRRR RRRR RR

RR RRRR RRRR RRRR RR

24

VIS

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ddd

dd d

d

25

GLID

E R

EFL

EC

TIO

N | tw

o identical objects are shifted apart from each other along an invisible line.

26

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27

DIL

AT

ION

| symm

etrical objects which change in scale to im

ply growth.

E

EE E

EE

28

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Different ways of dividing and arranging a composition by deliberately placing objects in a way to create visual order and interest. Includes symmetric balance, asymmetric balance, ambiguous balance, and neutral balance.

COMPOSITIONAL

BALANCE

BALA

NC

E

30

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31

SYM

MET

RIC

BALA

NC

E | an im

age that, when divided on a center axis, is sym

metrically balanced.

rr rrrrrr rr rr

rrrr

32

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111 1 111 1

111 1 111 1111 1 111 1111 1 111 1

111 1 111 1

33

ASY

MM

ETRIC

BALA

NC

E | An image that, w

hen divided along a center axis, is unevenly balanced on either side.

34

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AM

BIGU

OU

S BALA

NC

E | An image w

hich has a poorly defined or non-vertic axis.

4 44 44 44 4

4 44 44 44 4

4 44 44 44 4

36

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******

*

37

NU

ETRA

L BA

LA

NC

E | An image w

hich has no discernable axis or balance.

*

38

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KATIE M. This tabloid was an excellent study in visual order, the process of which was more than a little enlightening. Not only am I more capable now of finding examples of these principles in the physical world, I am able to apply them to my designs. of course, getting to ex-plore some old rundown places was pretty fun too.

DESN

200

, KC

AI G

RAPH

IC D

ESIGN

PROG

RAM

| Michael Kidw

ell, assistant professor

RODDEN

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