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NAS Battery System(Sodium Sulfur Battery =NaS)

General of NAS BatteryGeneral of NAS Battery

2Na + xS Na2SxDischarging

Charging

Modules（50kW）

1MW system (10mx3mx5mH)

Sulfur(S)

Ceramictube

CellsSodium

(Na)

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③

FastResponse

①High Energy

Power②

HighEnergyDensity

200MW(1,200 MWh)More than 6 hours a day rated output

Response Time：

２ milliseconds3 times energy densityof conventional battery

1/3 space footprint

Superior Function Superior Function

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1.0 2.0 100 200 MW0

10min

1h

10h

Time

Output0.5

Comparison of Battery Output MW and duration

1.5

Li-Ion Battery（Handphone, PC)

Li-Ion Battery for EV

min

CapacitorFly Wheel

Large ScaleEnergy Storage

hour

Ni-H Battery (Hybrid Car)

5min

NAS

MW

Lead-acidBattery(Automobile）

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BatteryItem

Lead Acid（Current)

NAS（Base) Lithium Ion Ni-H

Continuous DischargeDuration with rated output

Expected Lifetime(at standard conditions)

Size MWh(1MWｘ6h)

Weight MWh(1MWx 6h)

Price MWh x15 years

Notes Self Discharge

Memory Effect

6 hours

15 years

1

1

1

No

No

2 hours

3 to 5 years

3 times

6 times

3 to 5 times

Yes

No

3 hours

10 years

2 times

2 times

8 times

Yes

No

2 hours

7 years

3 times

6 times

6 times

Yes

Yes

Comparison Table of Various BatteryComparison Table of Various BatteryComparison Table of Various Battery

Note: These data are typical values and change by the manufacturers

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Installation Record

Production Capacity：90MW／year(current）→150MW／year(2010)

Total： 302MW（215 systems）Previous main application: Load Leveling for buildings or factory

As of the end of 2008

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

設置実績　（MW)

Total 302 MW215 systems

Total 302 MW215 systems

commercialized

Inst

alle

d C

apac

ity

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Application of NAS BatteryLoad Leveling by NAS BatteryLoad Leveling by NAS Battery

Load Leveling

Night Time

Day TimeStorage

DischargePower

Time

2412

More than 270MW records

+ Back up power for outage

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Xcel LuverneChemical Station, Charleston WV

1MW, since July, 2006

Citizens Station, Bluffton OH

2MW, since July, 2008

Balls Gap Station, Milton WV

2MW, since December, 2008

East Busco Station, Churubusco IN

2MW, since January, 2009

AEP NAS Battery Installations in USA AEP NAS Battery Installations in USA (7MW, 4 sites) (7MW, 4 sites)

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Application of Large Capacity Storage Battery

Time (Cycle)

（300MW x 6 hours）

Fast Response

Factory （small-scale）

Stabilizing Output

Renewable Energy・Wind Power・Solar Power

for surplus power

24 hours

Discharge

Charge

Load LevelingSystem

Stabilization

Application

Battery Stationat substation

Smart Grid

High efficiency operationreduce fuel / CO2

Past Current FutureAim

SystemControl

Long Cycle

Load Leveling

Discharge

Charge

Difference of power demand

between day and night

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Application of Large Scale BatteryApplication of Large Scale Battery

＜Scale＞ ＜Application＞ ＜Applicable Battery＞If grid were a tree.....

Leaf Vein（100V)

Leaf（6kV～）

Branch(20kV～）

Trunk（110kV～)

（Grid Voltage）

・Solar P.V for homeuse with smart meterHome Li-ion battery

(1-10kW)

・Factory or office building（Load Leveling）

SmallLead Acid Battery

or NAS Battery(0.5-2MW)

・Solar・Wind Power（Stabilizing）

・Reducing CO2 by efficient operation of generator(medium scale）

Medium NAS Battery(2～30MW)

・Adjustment of supply and demand（smart grid）・ Reducing CO2 by efficient operation ofgenerator (large scale)

Large NAS Battery(50～300MW)

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Typical NAS Battery ApplicationTypical NAS Battery Application

Minimizing Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission

3：Ancillary Service

2：Substation Application

1：Stabilizing Intermittent Renewable Energy

Response:10 seconds to 100%Output : Up to 200MW

Smart GridVital role for Smart Gridto stabilize all generationsand grid system

:Charge :Discharge

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Application of NAS Battery for Renewable EnergyApplication of NAS Battery for Renewable Energy ：Stabilizing the output and the grid

・Scheduled generation of constant output ・Increasing the value of RE・Expanding introduction of RE

・Both wind power and solar power fluctuate depending on the weather

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Wind Application : Rokkasho Wind FarmWind Application :Wind Application : Rokkasho Wind FarmRokkasho Wind Farm34MW Battery System for 51MW Rokkasho Wind Firm

33.5m82m

44m

2MW NAS 17sets

2MW PCS 17sets

Flat Control method

51MW

Wind Farm

34MW

NAS Battery System

August 1, 2008 : Power Supply Start to Power Company also JEPX (Japan Electric Power Exchange)

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Solar Application: Wakkanai ProjectSolar Application: Wakkanai Project

Project Size・Solar Panel: 5MW・NAS Battery: 1.5MW

1.5MW NAS Battery for 5 MW SolarFinanced by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization)

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Wind and solar projects with NAS in USA and EuropeWind and solar projects with NAS in USA and EuropeGermany Berlin, Younicos(New Office and Factory）

Germany Enercon’s 6MW Windturbine with NAS

USA Minnesota, XCEL

PV Paneｌ

NAS in Micro Grid Testing Building

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Micro Grid Testing Site with NAS at GermanyMicro Grid Testing Site with NAS at GermanyMicro Grid Testing Site with NAS at Germany

Load Simulator１MWSimulated

SystemActual System

1MW NAS battery installed at Micro Grid Testing Sitein Younicos Inc . Germany (Solar System Integrator).

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Substation ApplicationSubstation Application

① 100 % rated operation（RO) : the most efficient and stable

③ Power above 100% RO is discharged from NAS

② Power below 100% RO is charged to NAS

The most efficient and stable operation of gas turbineby hybrid NAS Battery system

Min. Fuel Consumption

0 20 40 60 80 100

Generator Output ［%］

CO２

/Out

put

［w

t-CO

2/kW

］

CO2 Gas generation ratio

Min. CO2 Output

Reducing CO2 Emission

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Balancing Supply and Demand is important for Stabilizing Grid

Maintain 50±0.5Hz

Mechanism of System Stabilization

applyapply

Adjusting output of utilities’ generator to balance

Generation Increase

↓Frequency

up

Demand up↓

Frequency down

Frequency

Supply Demand

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Ancillary Services ApplicationAutomatic Control of Fluctuant Frequency

（Apply by high capacity and fast response battery)

Frequency50H

Frequency Up

①Stand-by

Discharge

Charge

②Discharge

③Charge

<Service> ① Stand-by (waits for output)② Discharge NAS battery when frequency down③ Charge NAS battery when frequency up

Frequency Down

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Application for SMART GRIDApplication for SMART GRID

Smart Grid

NAS system can have vital role for Smart Gridto stabilize all generationand grid system

Office Smart Meter

Information System

HomeFuel Cell

Factory

Photovoｌtaic

Fossil Generator

Wind Turbine

MW Class Energy Storage System Control System Energy Storage

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US Smart Grid Funding Program

SGDP: Smart Grid Demonstration ProgramTotal of 615 Mil. US$①Smart Grid ： 8 ～12 projects （～100 Mil.US$ / project）

（Storage Battery can be included up to 20% of total project budget）

②Energy Storage ： 180～210Mil. US$ （total 12～19 projects）（one-half of Storage Battery is supported）

・Load Leveling・Ancillary Service・Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Support・CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage)・Energy Storage Technologies

SGDP: Smart Grid Demonstration ProgramTotal of 615 Mil. US$①Smart Grid ： 8 ～12 projects （～100 Mil.US$ / project）

（Storage Battery can be included up to 20% of total project budget）

②Energy Storage ： 180～210Mil. US$ （total 12～19 projects）（one-half of Storage Battery is supported）

・Load Leveling・Ancillary Service・Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Support・CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage)・Energy Storage Technologies

US Smart Grid Funding Program

1. 15 candidates for demonstration projects2. Plan to participate NEDO・US Smart Grid Demo. in New Mexico

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Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery Station

DispatchCenter

中央監視制御ｼｽﾃﾑ

：Existing Grid Control

Substation

Substation

Substation

Substation

Substation

SubstationGeneration

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系統制御所

CISC

Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery Station

Battery Station

Battery StationBattery Station(20-50MW)

Battery StationBattery Station(20-50MW)

：Control by NAS battery station

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＜Next Step＞

*CISC:Central IntegratedSystem Controller

Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery StationLarge Scale Grid Control by combining

existing grid control and NAS battery station

Dispatch Center CISC *

Battery StationBattery Station

(20-50MW)

Battery StationBattery Station

(20-50MW)

:NGK Supply Scope:Existing Grid ControlSubstationSubstation Solar Wind

S

Substation

Generation

SubstationSubstation

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Solution to Growth of Renewable EnergyGrowth of Renewable Energy

1. Fluctuation Output (Wind, etc)2. Overflow of Surplus Power (PV)

-> unable to stabilize the systemSolution :①Battery Storage②Pumped Storage Power③Dismantle Coal-fired power

(in UK)

Surplus energy exists, even at “zero” control powerDemand

of Power

Base

（HydroEnergy

+NuclearPoweretc）

FirePower

ControlPower

System problem by surplus energy becomes obvious

UK・Germany・Denmark

Growth ofSolar & Wind Energy

Expansion of Needs of Storage Batteries